AMD 64 User Manual
Builder’s Guide for
AMD Athlon™ 64
Processor-Based
Desktops and Workstations
Publication #
Issue Date:
31684
September 2004
Revision:
3.00
© 2004 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
The contents of this document are provided in connection with Advanced
Micro Devices, Inc. (“AMD”) products. AMD makes no representations or
warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this
publication and reserves the right to make changes to specifications and
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Other product names used in this publication are for identification purposes only and may be trademarks of their
respective companies.
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Contents
Revision History...............................................................................................................................7
Chapter 1 AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor Key Architectural Features...................................9
1.1 The AMD64 Architecture..................................................................................................9
1.2 Integrated DDR DRAM Memory Controller...................................................................10
1.3 HyperTransport™ Technology........................................................................................10
1.4 Other Features of the AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor........................................................10
Chapter 2 AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-in-a-Box.................................................................11
Chapter 3 Heatsink Installation..............................................................................................13
3.1 Heatsink Installation Procedure .......................................................................................13
Chapter 4 Hardware Considerations .....................................................................................23
4.1 System Enclosures and Chassis Selection .......................................................................23
4.1.1 Basic System Enclosure Selection Guidelines.........................................................23
4.1.2 Basic Chassis Selection Guidelines .........................................................................24
4.1.3 Power Supply Considerations..................................................................................24
4.2 Power Supply Guidelines.................................................................................................26
4.2.1 Desktop and Workstation Platform Power Supplies................................................26
4.2.2 Calculating System Power Consumption.................................................................26
4.3 AMD Athlon 64 Processor Thermal Solution Guidelines ...............................................28
4.4 Memory Guidelines for AMD Athlon 64 Processor-Based Systems ..............................29
4.5 AMD Chipset Information...............................................................................................31
4.5.1 AMD-8000™ Series Chipset...................................................................................31
4.5.2 Graphics and Storage ...............................................................................................32
4.6 AMD Athlon 64 Processor Drivers and Utilities.............................................................33
4.7 AMD-8000 Series Chipset Drivers..................................................................................33
Chapter 5 EMI Reduction Techniques ..................................................................................37
5.1 EMI Emission Standards .................................................................................................37
5.2 AMD Athlon 64 Processor-Based System Builder EMI Reduction Techniques ............37
Contents 3
Builder’s Guide for AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based
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Appendix A AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-Based System Build Procedure.......................... 41
Appendix B AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor FAQs ..................................................................... 45
4 Contents
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List of Figures
Figure 1. AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor Architecture ........................................................................9
Figure 2. AMD Athlon 64 Processor-in-a-Box................................................................................11
Figure 3. AMD Athlon 64 FX Processor-in-a-Box .........................................................................12
Figure 4. Retention Frame and Backplate for the AMD Athlon 64 Processor Heatsink.................13
Figure 5. Backplate Release Liner ...................................................................................................14
Figure 6. Motherboard Placed Over Backplate................................................................................14
Figure 7. Ensure Proper Contact Between Backplate and Motherboard .........................................15
Figure 8. Retention Frame Screw Holes Aligned with Backplate Standoffs...................................15
Figure 9. Tightening Down the Retention Frame ............................................................................16
Figure 10. Alignment Markers on Processor and Motherboard ......................................................16
Figure 11. Pushing Gently Down on the Processor .........................................................................17
Figure 12. Plastic Cover Over Thermal Interface Material .............................................................17
Figure 13. Heatsink Centered Over Processor.................................................................................18
Figure 14. Heatsink Spring Clip ......................................................................................................18
Figure 15. Pushing Straight Down on the Clip................................................................................19
Figure 16. Correctly Installed Spring Clip.......................................................................................19
Figure 17. Turning the Cam Lever ..................................................................................................20
Figure 18. Cam Lever in Installed Position .....................................................................................20
Figure 19. Installed Heatsink ...........................................................................................................21
Figure 20. Desirable Airflow—Power Supply with Bottom Inlet ...................................................25
Figure 21. Undesirable Airflow—Power Supply with Front Inlet Only .........................................25
List of Figures 5
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List of Tables
Table 1. Power Worksheet 1—Component Power ......................................................................... 27
Table 2. Power Worksheet 2—Total Watts..................................................................................... 28
Table 3. AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor Series ................................................................................. 29
Table 4. Microsoft
Table 5. Linux Drivers for the AMD-8000 Series of Chipset Components ................................... 35
®
Drivers for the AMD-8000™ Series of Chipset Components ....................... 34
6 List of Tables
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Revision History
Date Revision Description
September 2004 3.00 Initial public release.
Based Desktops and Workstations
Revision History 7
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Desktops and Workstations
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8 Revision History
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Chapter 1 AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor Key
Architectural Features
The key architectural features of an AMD Athlon™ 64 processor-based system include AMD64
architecture, integrated DDR DRAM memory controller, HyperTransport™ technology, and many
other features.
Figure 1
shows a block diagram of the AMD Athlon 64 processor architecture.
Figure 1. AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor Architecture
1.1 The AMD64 Architecture
AMD64 architecture allows end users to run existing, installed 32-bit applications and operating
systems at peak performance, while providing a migration path that is 64-bit capable. It is
designed to enable 64-bit computing while remaining compatible with the vast x86 software
infrastructure. AMD64 architecture represents a new class of computing, enabling a single
architecture across 32- and 64-bit environments.
Chapter 1
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1.2 Integrated DDR DRAM Memory Controller
The 64-/128-bit wide integrated DDR DRAM memory controller:
• changes the way the processor accesses main memory, resulting in increased bandwidth,
reduced memory latencies, and increased processor performance.
• allows available memory bandwidth to scale with the number of processors and
− can support up to eight registered DDR DIMMs with an AMD Athlon 64 FX processor.
− can support up to four unbuffered DDR DIMMs with an AMD Athlon 64 939-pin
processor.
• has available memory bandwidth of up to 6.4 Gbytes/s (with PC3200).
1.3 HyperTransport™ Technology
The HyperTransport technology of the AMD64 architecture offers the following features.
• A scalable bandwidth interconnection between I/O subsystems and other chipsets
• Up to 8.0 Gbytes/s bandwidth providing sufficient bandwidth for supporting new interconnects
including PCI-X
• Low power consumption (1.2 W) to help reduce the system thermal budget
®
, DDR, InfiniBand, and 10G Ethernet
1.4 Other Features of the AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor
Other features of the AMD Athlon 64 processor include:
• 64-bit wide key data and address paths that incorporate a 48-bit virtual address space and a
40-bit physical address space.
• ECC (error correcting code) protection for L1 cache data, L2 cache data and tags, and DRAM
with hardware scrubbing of all ECC-protected arrays.
• Support for all instructions necessary to be fully compatible with SSE2 technology.
• Two additional pipeline stages (compared to AMD’s 32-bit architecture) for increased
performance and frequency scalability.
• Higher IPC (instructions-per-clock) achieved through additional key features, such as larger
TLBs (translation lookaside buffer), flush filters, and enhanced branch prediction algorithms.
10 AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor Key Architectural Features
Chapter 1
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Chapter 2 AMD Athlon™ 64
Processor-in-a-Box
The best solution for System Builders and Resellers manufacturing pedestal platforms is the
processor-in-a-box (PIB) from AMD. The PIB is available now in a new retail box. The AMD PIB
is covered by a three-year limited warranty.
Figure 2
Figure 2. AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-in-a-Box
shows the new AMD Athlon™ 64 processor PIB retail box.
Chapter 2
AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-in-a-Box 11
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Figure 3
shows the new AMD Athlon 64 FX processor PIB retail box.
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Figure 3. AMD Athlon™ 64 FX Processor-in-a-Box
The PIB includes the following items:
• The AMD64 processor of choice
• Heatsink and fan, properly sized for the thermal requirements of the processor
• Assembly and installation instructions
• AMD64 processor case sticker
• Double processor packaging allows higher impact resistance adding more protection
• A three-year limited warranty
• Certificate of Authenticity
Please check with your preferred distribution partner for AMD Athlon™ 64 processor-in-a-box.
12 AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor-in-a-Box
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3 Heatsink Installation
This chapter contains instructions for the installation of the AMD Athlon™ 64 processor heatsink.
The AMD Athlon 64 processor heatsink requires the retention frame and the backplate to be
attached to the motherboard. If the retention frame and backplate are already attached to the
motherboard, proceed to step 10. shows the backplate and retention frame for the
AMD Athlon 64 processor heatsink. The hardware shown in Figure 4 may not exactly match the
one provided in a PIB.
Figure 4
Figure 4. Retention Frame and Backplate for the AMD Athlon™ 64 Processor Heatsink
3.1 Heatsink Installation Procedure
Follow these instructions to install the AMD Athlon 64 processor heatsink.
CAUTION: As with all computer equipment, the processor and motherboard components may be
damaged by electrostatic discharge (ESD). Please take proper ESD precautions
when handling any board or processor.
Warning: Do not apply voltage until the heatsink is fully installed. If voltage is applied before
the heatsink is fully installed, the processor will overheat and failure will result.
Read through the entire installation instructions completely to make sure you
understand them before you begin.
1. Place the backplate on a flat surface.
2. Peel the release liner off the backplate. (See Figure 5 on page 14.)
Chapter 3
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Figure 5. Backplate Release Liner
3. Gently lift the motherboard by the edges over the backplate.
4. Align the two threaded standoffs on the backplate with the two mounting holes near the socket
on the motherboard. (See Figure 6.)
Figure 6. Motherboard Placed Over Backplate
5. Gently lower the motherboard until the standoffs fit through the holes near the socket and the
backplate makes complete contact with the motherboard.
6. Press firmly on the processor socket to ensure proper contact between the backplate and
motherboard. (See Figure 7 on page 15.)
14 Heatsink Installation
Chapter 3
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