ALLIED Telesis IP Security and Surveillance User Manual

Solutions Guide | Security
IP Security and Surveillance
Solutions | IP Security and Surveillance
Video surveillance and security has moved to the forefront globally as a strategic tool in protecting corporate assets, the war against terrorism, crime prevention, and public safety. At the same time, video surveillance usage is increasing as a tool for trafc monitoring and local government security. The days of grainy and blurry analog CCTV systems have been replaced by advanced digital IP cameras and systems producing high­resolution, high-denition, real-time video. Along with that new technology, the high-speed IP networking infrastructure enabling it is critical.
Video Surveillance Technology Advancements
The new-generation IP-based video technologies displacing
analog CCTV systems use high-denition, high-megapixel cameras and high-quality lenses to produce full-motion, real-time video. The requirement to have clear, high-resolution, real-time video demands high-speed IP to ensure uninterrupted quality.
An IP video surveillance system consists of multiple cameras
connected to video storage servers recording and processing video streams, and an operations center or hub where video is displayed and monitored on a real-time basis. Many IP security cameras feature 360-degree pan-and-tilt capabilities controlled
remotely from an operations center. To support the IP video network and enable remote camera control and operation, a high-speed IP/Ethernet network is required with its design and functionality tailored to IP video applications.
IP security cameras are used in nearly every type of facility and application: on streets, on building exteriors, inside buildings and hallways, in parking lots, and so on. There are many types of xed or adjustable cameras suited for many applications. They serve the needs of military, government, utilities, corporate, medical, retail, hospitality, transportation, and education and more. To serve the wide variety of needs and applications, whether indoors or out, a reliable high-speed IP network is needed to connect cameras, servers, and the operations center where monitoring occurs, whether inside a building or atop a roof or trafc light. The range of applications, environments, and even the types of cameras used, all dictate the need for adaptive IP/Ethernet networking infrastructure scalable to and optimized for the specic requirement. A “one solution ts all” approach lacks the robustness and economic efciency to solve the range of applications required of IP video surveillance.
2 | IP Security and Surveillance Solutions
Allied Telesis Provides the IP Connection
Allied Telesis was founded in 1987 as an IP/Ethernet technology
company, and has been pioneering IP access edge solutions for enterprise and carrier markets globally for more than 20 years. As a result, Allied Telesis brings to the market a diverse family of more than 1,000 IP/Ethernet products including media converters, PC NICs, Layer 2 and 3 Ethernet switches, routers, integrated Multiservice Access Platforms (iMAP™), and intelligent Multiservice Gateways (iMG).
Allied Telesis has been a leading innovator in IP video, designing
advanced Ethernet switches, multiservice gateways, and carrier access products to be IP video-enabled and -capable. In fact, the rst commercial deployments of IPTV services in the world used
Allied Telesis as the platform. Allied Telesis brings both the video
exper tise and complete range of IP functionality necessary to deliver the highest-quality IP high-denition video possible.
IP video sur veillance and security systems require network equipment at the camera sites, server/data center, as well as the monitoring center. Allied Telesis offers a range of products and technologies functionally and economically designed for each location to enable the creation of a complete end­to-end network solution. Product selections include units environmentally hardened for use in outdoor locations, as well as hub and aggregation equipment. In addition, Allied Telesis offers a unied management approach with its AlliedView NMS, allowing an operator to congure, monitor, diagnose, and manage every part of their security network with Allied Telesis intelligent devices.
The Importance of IP Video Functionality
IP Multicast (IGMP)
IP multicast is based on the Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP), and is designed to allow one video source to broadcast video to multiple hosts as a single instance, thereby conserving bandwidth. IGMP uses a series of “join” and “leave” messages to allow clients to receive video and notify the host to broadcast it. IGMP operates with group IP addresses, using an address range specically designated for video multicast. IGMP can be congured for either a Layer 2 bridging function (IGMP snooping) or Layer 3 routing using VLANs (IGMP proxy routing). Multicast is most often used between servers and clients, such as a NOC center.
Allied Telesis supports both IGMP Layer 2 snooping and Layer 3
proxy routing. Depending on the size of the IP security network and design, the systems can be congured for either a simple bridging approach or a more comprehensive routing approach. In most cases, routing is used at a video hub and aggregation point, with bridging used at subtending ends.
Real-Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP)
In many instances, real-time IP video is merely streamed from the source end to the host site rather than broadcast. Known as Unicast, RTSP protocol is used as the streaming mechanism
Allied Telesis supports across its access platforms to deliver
Unicast along with Multicast video trafc. Unicast is primarily used between cameras and servers as a point-to-point video stream.
Allied Telesis solutions encompass the connectivity needs
required for a complete IP video sur veillance network, from connecting cameras to backhauling video, to distribution via:
Power over Ethernet (PoE)
10/100TX and BX
Optical-to-Electrical (O/E) media conversion
100Mbps and Gigabit optical Ethernet
Gigabit and 10 Gigabit ber transport
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IP Quality of Service
Allied Telesis places a high value on IP Quality of Service (QoS)
as a requisite for video as well as multiservice Triple Play (voice, video and data). IP QoS is based on the use of VLANs, allowing the user to set priorities (IEEE 802.1Q) as well as classications of service (IEEE 802.1p). If there is more than one service in a network (for example, IP video from a camera and trafc control for a signal on the same pole), a VLAN can be assigned to each service, each with its own classication and priority. This assures contention does not affect per formance for one service over the other. Allied Telesis also supports enhanced functionality such as rate shaping, rate limiting and trafc policing through other IP functions like DiffServ.
Low Latency
Allied Telesis uses chip and software designs to deliver extremely
low latency for video trafc, as real-time digital video quality can suffer from latency or buffering. As one example, a number of Allied Telesis Ethernet switches and iMAP carrier access platforms support Ethernet Protection Switch Rings (EPSR) on the ber uplink for redundancy in the transport network. Its EPSR technology provides sub-50 millisecond failover switch protection, delivering hitless protection for streaming video should a ber cut or failure occur.
Layer 2 or Layer 3 Approach for IP Video
Whether to implement a more simple to congure Layer 2 IP video network or create a Layer 3 routed video network is somewhat dependent on the size of the network and application. Single switch and small-to-medium IP video surveillance installations typically require a less complex network using a Layer 2 approach without the more complex multicast routing capabilities.
Allied Telesis offers choices of Layer 2 and Layer 3 switches, or
conguring a Layer 3 switch as a Layer 2 device, as needed. Its iMG gateway devices support both Layer 2 and 3 functions, as does the iMAP carrier access platform. The products serve as building blocks to create the right network at the right location, with the scalability and exibility to deliver optimum performance and economics.
Allied Telesis IP Video Surveillance
Partnerships
Allied Telesis has strategic partnerships with a number of major
IP camera and systems vendors, distributors, and integrators to ensure customers benet from a total solution. Allied Telesis works with partners to test and perform interoperability to ensure the system meets performance expectations and operates seamlessly. Allied Telesis and its solutions partners understand customers want an integrated solution, without having to arbitrate between multiple vendors. These partnerships result in the intelligence and exper tise necessary to provide a fully featured, high-performance IP networking component as part of a complete IP surveillance solution.
Approaching IP video surveillance as a system through
partnerships reduces complexity, and therefore time to install, test and tune video. It also assures end-to-end performance requirements are met. Allied Telesis IP video par tnerships allow customers the exibility to choose among industry-leading equipment suppliers, VARs, and integrators offering the best t to their par ticular application, requirements, and budget. Allied
Telesis welcomes customer requests to recommend or bring in a
partner, or propose a complete turnkey solution.
In larger installations that spread across a large footprint, or when more than video may be transported in the network, a Layer
3 routing approach provides more control for services, as well
as allows for video to be placed into various subnets. Typically, networks where multiple switches are used will benet from the more robust performance and higher degree of management that Layer 3 affords.
4 | IP Security and Surveillance Solutions
Small Video Surveillance System: Single Switch Application
There are several key features of the 8000S or 8000GS Series
reference solution:
The switch provides power to remote cameras (indoor as
Servers
AT-8000S/24POE
Clients
CAMERA
CAMERA
Figure 1
1 Gigabit link 10/100 link
Cameras
A facility may have IP cameras dispersed inside and outside the
structure, with a security monitoring center located on the premises. This type of application is often found in a number of common locations:
Ofce buildings
State, local, or federal facilities
R&D centers (secure)
Hotels, entertainment and hospitality venues
Banks and nancial ofces
A single 12-, 24- or 48-por t Ethernet Switch can be used,
depending on the number of IP cameras and clients that need to be connected. In most cases, Layer 2 IP functionality is used, including IGMP snooping, querying, and possibly ltering. Should other data and/or voice also be shared on the network, Layer 3
VLAN routing is an option. The ideal application uses Power over
Ethernet (PoE) to distribute power from the switch to remote cameras.
well as outdoor) using PoE. As required, the switch can implement access security (IEEE 802.1x or MAC-based authentication).
Servers can be networked directly via Gigabit por ts from the
switch to provide high-speed throughput for real-time high denition video processing and storage. The 8000S/GS Series switch provides support for both multicast trafc and unicast feeds, and can also perform IGMP querying to intelligently forward multicast packets to hosts that have requested it.
The 8000S/GS Series switch also sends IGMP queries to
maintain client membership of IGMP groups and deliver trafc efciently. This avoids the problem of dropped leaves creating unnecessary and unwanted multicast trafc that can congest the network.
Alternative Solutions
To avoid any chance of a single point of failure, substituting the
8000S/GS Series switch with either the AT-9424T/POE or AT­8624POE switches provides power-supply redundancy. Features and functionality are the same, including models with varying port densities, but they offer additional redundancy over the 8000S/GS Series.
There are occasional situations where only a few cameras and
a single host is needed, as in the case of a small retail store or in those cases where distance requires the use of ber. In these applications, Allied Telesis media converters and PoE injectors provide a scalable and cost effective solution. Examples of these products include the AT-6101G (PoE injector), AT-PC2002POE, and AT-PC232/POE (ber-to-PoE media converters).
From a port capacity and bandwidth perspective, the ideal switch choice is the AT-8000S/AT-8000GS family, due to its outstanding economic value and features. Figure 1 shows a simple IP security layout using a single 8000S Series switch with PoE, 24- or 48-port available.
Additionally, Allied Telesis offers alternative solutions for IP
security cameras that do not suppor t PoE. Using a small, economically attractive AT-6102G PoE splitter to directly connect the camera allows power to be taken from the standard PoE line and supply the camera with user-selectable voltages between 5 and 12 V.
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