Video surveillance and security has moved to the forefront
globally as a strategic tool in protecting corporate assets, the
war against terrorism, crime prevention, and public safety. At
the same time, video surveillance usage is increasing as a tool
for trafc monitoring and local government security. The days
of grainy and blurry analog CCTV systems have been replaced
by advanced digital IP cameras and systems producing highresolution, high-denition, real-time video. Along with that new
technology, the high-speed IP networking infrastructure enabling
it is critical.
Video Surveillance Technology Advancements
The new-generation IP-based video technologies displacing
analog CCTV systems use high-denition, high-megapixel
cameras and high-quality lenses to produce full-motion, real-time
video. The requirement to have clear, high-resolution, real-time
video demands high-speed IP to ensure uninterrupted quality.
An IP video surveillance system consists of multiple cameras
connected to video storage servers recording and processing
video streams, and an operations center or hub where video is
displayed and monitored on a real-time basis. Many IP security
cameras feature 360-degree pan-and-tilt capabilities controlled
remotely from an operations center. To support the IP video
network and enable remote camera control and operation, a
high-speed IP/Ethernet network is required with its design and
functionality tailored to IP video applications.
IP security cameras are used in nearly every type of facility and
application: on streets, on building exteriors, inside buildings and
hallways, in parking lots, and so on. There are many types of
xed or adjustable cameras suited for many applications. They
serve the needs of military, government, utilities, corporate,
medical, retail, hospitality, transportation, and education and
more. To serve the wide variety of needs and applications,
whether indoors or out, a reliable high-speed IP network is
needed to connect cameras, servers, and the operations center
where monitoring occurs, whether inside a building or atop a
roof or trafc light. The range of applications, environments, and
even the types of cameras used, all dictate the need for adaptive
IP/Ethernet networking infrastructure scalable to and optimized
for the specic requirement. A “one solution ts all” approach
lacks the robustness and economic efciency to solve the range
of applications required of IP video surveillance.
2 | IP Security and Surveillance Solutions
Allied Telesis Provides the IP Connection
Allied Telesis was founded in 1987 as an IP/Ethernet technology
company, and has been pioneering IP access edge solutions
for enterprise and carrier markets globally for more than 20
years. As a result, Allied Telesis brings to the market a diverse
family of more than 1,000 IP/Ethernet products including media
converters, PC NICs, Layer 2 and 3 Ethernet switches, routers,
integrated Multiservice Access Platforms (iMAP™), and intelligent
Multiservice Gateways (iMG).
Allied Telesis has been a leading innovator in IP video, designing
advanced Ethernet switches, multiservice gateways, and carrier
access products to be IP video-enabled and -capable. In fact, the
rst commercial deployments of IPTV services in the world used
Allied Telesis as the platform. Allied Telesis brings both the video
exper tise and complete range of IP functionality necessary to
deliver the highest-quality IP high-denition video possible.
IP video sur veillance and security systems require network
equipment at the camera sites, server/data center, as well as
the monitoring center. Allied Telesis offers a range of products
and technologies functionally and economically designed
for each location to enable the creation of a complete endto-end network solution. Product selections include units
environmentally hardened for use in outdoor locations, as well
as hub and aggregation equipment. In addition, Allied Telesis
offers a unied management approach with its AlliedView
NMS, allowing an operator to congure, monitor, diagnose, and
manage every part of their security network with Allied Telesis
intelligent devices.
™
The Importance of IP Video Functionality
IP Multicast (IGMP)
IP multicast is based on the Internet Group Management
Protocol (IGMP), and is designed to allow one video source to
broadcast video to multiple hosts as a single instance, thereby
conserving bandwidth. IGMP uses a series of “join” and “leave”
messages to allow clients to receive video and notify the host to
broadcast it. IGMP operates with group IP addresses, using an
address range specically designated for video multicast. IGMP
can be congured for either a Layer 2 bridging function (IGMP
snooping) or Layer 3 routing using VLANs (IGMP proxy routing).
Multicast is most often used between servers and clients, such as
a NOC center.
Allied Telesis supports both IGMP Layer 2 snooping and Layer 3
proxy routing. Depending on the size of the IP security network
and design, the systems can be congured for either a simple
bridging approach or a more comprehensive routing approach. In
most cases, routing is used at a video hub and aggregation point,
with bridging used at subtending ends.
Real-Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP)
In many instances, real-time IP video is merely streamed from
the source end to the host site rather than broadcast. Known
as Unicast, RTSP protocol is used as the streaming mechanism
Allied Telesis supports across its access platforms to deliver
Unicast along with Multicast video trafc. Unicast is primarily
used between cameras and servers as a point-to-point video
stream.
Allied Telesis solutions encompass the connectivity needs
required for a complete IP video sur veillance network, from
connecting cameras to backhauling video, to distribution via:
■ Power over Ethernet (PoE)
■ 10/100TX and BX
■ Optical-to-Electrical (O/E) media conversion
■ 100Mbps and Gigabit optical Ethernet
■ Gigabit and 10 Gigabit ber transport
www.alliedtelesis.com | 3
IP Quality of Service
Allied Telesis places a high value on IP Quality of Service (QoS)
as a requisite for video as well as multiservice Triple Play (voice,
video and data). IP QoS is based on the use of VLANs, allowing
the user to set priorities (IEEE 802.1Q) as well as classications
of service (IEEE 802.1p). If there is more than one service in a
network (for example, IP video from a camera and trafc control
for a signal on the same pole), a VLAN can be assigned to each
service, each with its own classication and priority. This assures
contention does not affect per formance for one service over the
other. Allied Telesis also supports enhanced functionality such
as rate shaping, rate limiting and trafc policing through other IP
functions like DiffServ.
Low Latency
Allied Telesis uses chip and software designs to deliver extremely
low latency for video trafc, as real-time digital video quality
can suffer from latency or buffering. As one example, a number
of Allied Telesis Ethernet switches and iMAP carrier access
platforms support Ethernet Protection Switch Rings (EPSR) on
the ber uplink for redundancy in the transport network. Its
EPSR technology provides sub-50 millisecond failover switch
protection, delivering hitless protection for streaming video
should a ber cut or failure occur.
Layer 2 or Layer 3 Approach for IP Video
Whether to implement a more simple to congure Layer 2 IP
video network or create a Layer 3 routed video network is
somewhat dependent on the size of the network and application.
Single switch and small-to-medium IP video surveillance
installations typically require a less complex network using a
Layer 2 approach without the more complex multicast routing
capabilities.
Allied Telesis offers choices of Layer 2 and Layer 3 switches, or
conguring a Layer 3 switch as a Layer 2 device, as needed. Its
iMG gateway devices support both Layer 2 and 3 functions, as
does the iMAP carrier access platform. The products serve
as building blocks to create the right network at the right
location, with the scalability and exibility to deliver optimum
performance and economics.
Allied Telesis IP Video Surveillance
Partnerships
Allied Telesis has strategic partnerships with a number of major
IP camera and systems vendors, distributors, and integrators to
ensure customers benet from a total solution. Allied Telesis
works with partners to test and perform interoperability to
ensure the system meets performance expectations and
operates seamlessly. Allied Telesis and its solutions partners
understand customers want an integrated solution, without
having to arbitrate between multiple vendors. These
partnerships result in the intelligence and exper tise necessary
to provide a fully featured, high-performance IP networking
component as part of a complete IP surveillance solution.
Approaching IP video surveillance as a system through
partnerships reduces complexity, and therefore time to install,
test and tune video. It also assures end-to-end performance
requirements are met. Allied Telesis IP video par tnerships allow
customers the exibility to choose among industry-leading
equipment suppliers, VARs, and integrators offering the best t
to their par ticular application, requirements, and budget. Allied
Telesis welcomes customer requests to recommend or bring in a
partner, or propose a complete turnkey solution.
In larger installations that spread across a large footprint, or when
more than video may be transported in the network, a Layer
3 routing approach provides more control for services, as well
as allows for video to be placed into various subnets. Typically,
networks where multiple switches are used will benet from the
more robust performance and higher degree of management
that Layer 3 affords.
4 | IP Security and Surveillance Solutions
Small Video Surveillance System: Single Switch Application
There are several key features of the 8000S or 8000GS Series
reference solution:
■ The switch provides power to remote cameras (indoor as
Servers
AT-8000S/24POE
Clients
CAMERA
CAMERA
Figure 1
1 Gigabit link
10/100 link
Cameras
A facility may have IP cameras dispersed inside and outside the
structure, with a security monitoring center located on the
premises. This type of application is often found in a number of
common locations:
■ Ofce buildings
■ State, local, or federal facilities
■ R&D centers (secure)
■ Hotels, entertainment and hospitality venues
■ Banks and nancial ofces
A single 12-, 24- or 48-por t Ethernet Switch can be used,
depending on the number of IP cameras and clients that need
to be connected. In most cases, Layer 2 IP functionality is used,
including IGMP snooping, querying, and possibly ltering. Should
other data and/or voice also be shared on the network, Layer 3
VLAN routing is an option. The ideal application uses Power over
Ethernet (PoE) to distribute power from the switch to remote
cameras.
well as outdoor) using PoE. As required, the switch can
implement access security (IEEE 802.1x or MAC-based
authentication).
■ Servers can be networked directly via Gigabit por ts from the
switch to provide high-speed throughput for real-time high
denition video processing and storage. The 8000S/GS Series
switch provides support for both multicast trafc and unicast
feeds, and can also perform IGMP querying to intelligently
forward multicast packets to hosts that have requested it.
■ The 8000S/GS Series switch also sends IGMP queries to
maintain client membership of IGMP groups and deliver
trafc efciently. This avoids the problem of dropped leaves
creating unnecessary and unwanted multicast trafc that can
congest the network.
Alternative Solutions
To avoid any chance of a single point of failure, substituting the
8000S/GS Series switch with either the AT-9424T/POE or AT8624POE switches provides power-supply redundancy. Features
and functionality are the same, including models with varying
port densities, but they offer additional redundancy over the
8000S/GS Series.
There are occasional situations where only a few cameras and
a single host is needed, as in the case of a small retail store or
in those cases where distance requires the use of ber. In these
applications, Allied Telesis media converters and PoE injectors
provide a scalable and cost effective solution. Examples of these
products include the AT-6101G (PoE injector), AT-PC2002POE,
and AT-PC232/POE (ber-to-PoE media converters).
From a port capacity and bandwidth perspective, the ideal
switch choice is the AT-8000S/AT-8000GS family, due to its
outstanding economic value and features. Figure 1 shows a
simple IP security layout using a single 8000S Series switch with
PoE, 24- or 48-port available.
Additionally, Allied Telesis offers alternative solutions for IP
security cameras that do not suppor t PoE. Using a small,
economically attractive AT-6102G PoE splitter to directly
connect the camera allows power to be taken from the standard
PoE line and supply the camera with user-selectable voltages
between 5 and 12 V.
www.alliedtelesis.com | 5
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