This product is warranted to be free from defects in materials or workmanship for
a period of one year from the date of purchase by the original owner.
To ensure a high level of performance and reliability for which this equipment has
been designed and manufactured, read this User Guide before operating. In the
event of a failure, notify and return the defective unit to Allen & Heath Limited or
its authorised agent as soon as possible for repair under warranty subject to the
following conditions
Conditions Of Warranty
1. The equipment has been installed and operated in accordance with the
instructions in this User Guide
2. The equipment has not been subject to misuse either intended or accidental,
neglect, or alteration other than as described in the User Guide or Service
Manual, or approved by Allen & Heath.
3. Any necessary adjustment, alteration or repair has been carried out by Allen
& Heath or its authorised agent.
4. This warranty does not cover fader wear and tear.
5. The defective unit is to be returned carriage prepaid to Allen & Heath or its
authorised agent with proof of purchase.
6. Units returned should be packed to avoid transit damage.
In certain territories the terms may vary. Check with your Allen & Heath agent for
any additional warranty which may apply.
This product complies with the European Electromagnetic
Compatibility directives 89/336/EEC & 92/31/EEC and the
European Low Voltage Directives 73/23/EEC & 93/68/EEC.
This product has been tested to EN55103 Parts 1 & 2 1996 for use in
Environments E1, E2, E3, and E4 to demonstrate compliance with the
protection requirements in the European EMC directive 89/336/EEC.
During some tests the specified performance figures of the product
were affected. This is considered permissible and the product has
been passed as acceptable for its intended use. Allen & Heath has a
strict policy of ensuring all products are tested to the latest safety and
EMC standards. Customers requiring more information about EMC
and safety issues can contact Allen & Heath.
NOTE: Any changes or modifications to the console not approved by
Allen & Heath could void the compliance of the console and therefore
the user’s authority to operate it.
Kernick Industrial Estate, Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9LU, UK
http://www.allen-heath.com
Page 3
Important Safety Instructions
WARNINGS
-
Read the following before proceeding :
CAUTION
ATTENTION: RISQUE DE CHOC ELECTRIQUE – NE PAS OUVRIR
Read instructions:
instructions for future reference. Adhere to all warnings printed here and
on the console. Follow the operating instructions printed in this User
Guide.
Do not remove cover:
their covers correctly fitted. Disconnect mains power by unplugging the
power cord if the cover needs to be removed for setting internal options.
Refer this work to competent technical personnel only.
Power sources:
of the type described in this User Guide and marked on the rear panel.
Use the power cord with sealed mains plug appropriate for your local
mains supply as provided with the console. If the provided plug does not
fit into your outlet consult your service agent for assistance.
Power cord routing:
to be walked on, stretched or pinched by items placed upon or against it.
Grounding:
means of the power cord plug. Do not remove or tamper with the ground
connection in the power cord.
WARNING: This equipment must be earthed.
Do not defeat the grounding and polarisation
Water and moisture:
do not expose the console or its power units to rain or moisture or use in
damp or wet conditions. Do not place containers of liquids on surfaces
where liquid may spill into any openings.
Ventilation:
ventilation slots or position the console where the air flow required for
ventilation is impeded. If the console is to be operated in a flight case,
plinth or other furniture ensure that it is constructed to allow adequate
ventilation.
Do not obstruct the power supply heatsinks and
Heat and vibration:
subject to excessive heat or direct sunlight as this could be a fire hazard.
Locate the console away from any equipment which produces heat or
causes excessive vibration.
Servicing:
cord immediately if it is exposed to moisture, spilled liquid, objects fallen
into the openings, the power cord or plug become damaged, during
lightning storms, or if smoke, odour or noise is noticed. Refer servicing to
qualified technical personnel only.
Installation:
instructions printed in this User Guide. Do not connect the output of
power amplifiers directly to the console. Use audio connectors and plugs
only for their intended purpose.
Switch off the equipment and unplug the power
Install the console in accordance with the
Read and retain these safety and operating
Operate the console and power units with
Connect the console to a mains power outlet only
Route the power cord so that it is not likely
To reduce the risk of fire or electric shock
Do not locate the console in a place
GGGGLLLL2222888800000000MMMM 3 Allen & Heath
Page 4
General Precautions
Damage
placing heavy objects on the control surface, scratching the surface with
sharp objects, or rough handling and vibration.
Environment
when operating and storing. Avoid tobacco ash, smoke, drinks spillage,
and exposure to rain and moisture. If the console or its power unit
becomes wet, switch off and remove mains power immediately. Allow to
dry out thoroughly before using again.
Cleaning
control panel is best cleaned with a soft brush and dry lint-free cloth. The
faders, switches and potentiometers are lubricated for life. The use of
electrical lubricants on these parts is not recommended. The fader and
potentiometer knobs may be removed for cleaning with a warm soapy
solution. Rinse and allow to dry fully before refitting them.
Lifting
care when lifting, moving or carrying the console.
Transporting
unit or mounted in a purpose built flight case. We recommend that the
console is surrounded by shock absorbent foam to protect it from
damage during transit. Always use adequate packing if you need to ship
the unit. Protect the controls to avoid damage when moving the console.
Hearing
system at excessively high volume. This also applies to any close-to-ear
monitoring such as headphones and IEM transducers. Continued
exposure to high volume sound can cause frequency selective or wide
range hearing loss.
To prevent damage to the controls and cosmetics avoid
Protect from excessive dirt, dust, heat and vibration
Avoid the use of chemicals, abrasives or solvents. The
To avoid injury to yourself or damage to the equipment take
The console may be transported as a free-standing
To avoid damage to your hearing do not operate any sound
Important Mains plug wiring instructions.
The console is supplied with a moulded mains plug fitted to the AC
mains power lead. Follow the instructions below if the mains plug has
to be replaced. The wires in the mains lead are coloured in
accordance with the following code:
WIRE COLOUR TERMINAL
European USA/Canada
L LIVE BROWN BLACK
N NEUTRAL BLUE WHITE
E EARTH GND GREEN & YELLOW GREEN
The wire which is coloured Green and Yellow must be connected to
the terminal in the plug which is marked with the letter E or with the
Earth symbol. This appliance must be earthed.
The wire which is coloured Blue must be connected to the terminal in
the plug which is marked with the letter N.
The wire which is coloured Brown must be connected to the terminal
in the plug which is marked with the letter L.
Ensure that these colour codes are followed carefully in the event of
the plug being changed.
GGGGLLLL2222888800000000MMMM 4 Allen & Heath
Page 5
Introduction
Welcome to the Allen & Heath GL2800
GL series live sound mixing consoles. We have tried to keep this user guide brief and to
the point. Please read it fully before starting. Included is information on installing,
connecting and operating the console, panel drawings, system block diagram and
technical specification. For further information on the basic principles of audio system
engineering, please refer to one of the specialist publications and resources available from
bookshops, audio equipment dealers and the Internet.
Whilst we believe the information in this guide to be reliable we do not assume
responsibility for inaccuracies. We also reserve the right to make changes in the interest of
further product development.
We are able to offer further product support through our world-wide network of approved
dealers and service agents. You can also access our Web site on the Internet for
information on our full product range, resource downloads, our company pedigree, contact
details, assistance with your technical queries, or simply to chat about audio. To help us
provide the most efficient service please keep a record of your console serial number, and
date and place of purchase to be quoted in any communication regarding this product.
http://www.allen-heath.com
http://www.glseries.com
GL2800MMMM, the dedicated monitor version of the popular
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
(1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and
(2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
USE ONLY THE RECOMMENDED
ALLEN & HEATH POWER SUPPLY
DC POWER IN
A
B
(BACKUP)
INSERT
SEND
TIP
GL2800M
RING
RETURN
SERIAL NUMBER
MADEINENGLANDBYALLEN&HEATHLIMITED
INPUT CHANNELS
PHANTOM POWER
48V
IN
SPLIT
INSERT
0dBu
DIRECT OUT
SOLDER PAD OPTION
MONO/STEREO MODE
MONO/STEREO MODE
MONO/STEREO MODE
-20dB
2= +
LIFT
TIP= SEND
RING= RETURN
GLOBAL MIX SETTINGS
MIX1-8
PRE/POST FADE
WEDGE/IEM AFL
MIX9-12
PRE/POST FADE
WEDGE/IEM AFL
MIX13-16
PRE/POST FADE
WEDGE/IEM AFL
MUTE GROUPS
M1
M2
M3
M4
PAD
GL2800M
16 MIX WEDGE / IEM MONITOR CONSOLE
GAIN
POL
HPF
+
-
PRE-INSERT
C
PRE-FADE
D
POST-FADE
E
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
4 BAND EQUALISER
HF
HM
LM
LF
POST
PRE
POST
PRE
POST
PRE
EQ IN
METER
FADER
B
A
MONO
MONO
MONO
POST-EQ
PRE-EQ
MIX1
MIX2
MIX3
MIX4
MIX5
MIX6
MIX7
MIX8
MIX9
MIX10
MIX11
MIX12
MIX13
MIX14
MIX15
MIX16
PFL
MUTE GROUPS
MUTE
POST-FADE
MODE 1-8
STEREO
MIX1-2
PAN
MIX3-4
PAN
MIX5-6
PAN
MIX7-8
PAN
MODE 9-12
STEREO
MIX9-10
PAN
MIX11-12
PAN
MODE 13-16
STEREO
MIX13-14
PAN
MIX15-16
PAN
PRE-FADE
MIX 1-16
MUTE GRPS
PFL
IEM AFL
PRE/POST
W AFL
M/STEREO
M1
M2
M3
M4
IEM/WEDGE
TB
WEDGE EXT IN
IEM EXT IN
L/M
R
MIX
TB
W/IEM
M/ST
WEDGE AFL
L IEM AFL
R IEM AFL
MIX
TB
W/IEM
M/ST
WEDGE AFL
L IEM AFL
R IEM AFL
+
-
PFL MIX
AFL
LOGIC
AFL
LOGIC
POLARITY
POLARITY
ON
ON
LO-CUT
FILTER
LO-CUT
FILTER
INSERT
-2dBu
INSERT
-2dBu
IEM PFL
MIX1-8
2 BAND EQ
HM
LM
MIX9-16
L
W PFL
ENABLE
M
FADER
+10dB boost
EQ IN
DIM
-6dB
FADER
+10dB boost
DIM
-6dB
IEM
R
WEDGE
MUTE
W
AFL
IEM
MUTE
W
AFL
IEM
MIX OUT
BAL
2 = +
+4dBu
MIX OUT
BAL
2 = +
+4dBu
PHONES
FOLLOW IEM
C
PHONES OUT
TIP = LEFT
RING = RIGHT
3
2
1
PFL TRIM
IEM AFL
WEDGE AFL
48V PHANTOM POWER
TALKBACK
MIC IN
OFF
2= +
ON
J2J1
PHONES AFL
GAIN
+
-
PINK NOISE
1kHz OSC
INSERT
INSERT
INSERT
LEVEL
TB/OSC
-2dBu
-2dBu
-2dBu
ON
A
DIM
PRESS TO TALK
FADER
+10dB boost
FADER
+10dB boost
DIM
IEM
MONO
WEDGE
EXT TB
B
LATCH
MUTE
MUTE
EXT TB OUT
2 = +
BAL
BAL
BAL
+4dBu
IEM OUT
2 = +
+4dBu
2 = +
+4dBu
WEDGE OUT
2 = +
+4dBu
GGGGLLLL2222888800000000MMMM 7 Allen & Heath
Page 8
Allow access to additional under
-
armrest headphone socket
GL2800M-
GL2800M-
GL2800M-
824
832
840
=
=
=
944
1171
1398
MASTER
SECTION
168
9
INPUTS
x 8
5
INPUTS
x 8
INPUTS
x 8
640
650
MASTER
INPUTS
x 8
INPUTS
x 8
SECTION
6
3
4
62
58
19
DC POWER LEAD
2.8M
Do not obstruct the heatsinks or ventilation openings on the power unit. Ensure adequate
air flow around its surfaces. To avoid audible hum, buzz or other performance
degradation, do not place equipment that radiates strong electromagnetic fields such as
the power unit, other mains power supplies, amplifiers and computers next to or directly
underneath the console.
The monitor application has grown dramatically in recent times with the evolution of
multiple wedge and stereo in-ear systems which can quickly exceed the mix capability of all
but the most expensive consoles. The GL28
dedicated monitor console to the popular GL Series live sound range. It is compact, easy
to use, offers the best of analogue reliability and sound, and has a capability that rivals that
of much bigger and more expensive consoles. Mechanically similar to the GL28
its solid, individual card , nutted pot construction, it has the same space saving footprint
and flight case outline, includes a built-in mic splitter and provides no fewer than 16 mixes
plus a comprehensive dual output engineer’s wedge/IEM monitoring system.
• 24, 32, 40 and 48 channel frame sizes
• 16 mixes globally assigned as mono or stereo with level and pan
• Built-in passive mic splitter with ground lift switching
• All masters include polarity switch, swept HPF and 6dB dim function
• Mix 1-8 include 2 band swept frequency output EQ
• Engineer’s IEM and wedge monitors with faders, meters, inserts and XLR
• IEM/wedge monitor external inputs for FOH comms and IEM rack monitoring
• Mix AFL assignable to either wedge or IEM monitor
• PAFL logic includes PFL override AFL, mono/stereo AFL, PFL to wedge enable
• Headphones follow IEM mode, includes ¼” and 3.5mm jacks
GL2888800
GL2GL2
GL2800
GL28GL28
00MMMM
0000
00MMMM adds a fully featured yet affordable
0000
GL2800
00 with
GL28GL28
0000
Connecting Power
MAIN SUPPLY
BACKUP SUPPLY
DC POWER IN
A
• Talkback with independent selection to all mixes and external output
• Talk latch mode for use with switched hand held talkback mic
• Built-in oscillator/ pink noise generator assignable to any mix output
• Built-in dual supply combiner for additional power supply as a backup
• 4 mute groups
• Solid individual card, nutted pot construction in a no nonsense all steel chassis
(BACKUP)
B
Read the safety instructions
the warnings printed on the rear of the console and RPS11 power
unit. Check that your local mains supply voltage is the same as that
marked on the rear of the power unit.
Grounding
are connected to mains ground so that exposed metal parts are
prevented from carrying high voltage which can injure or even kill the
operator. Do not disconnect the ground connection in the mains lead.
For safety it is important that all equipment grounds
Connect the DC power lead
RPS11 and the “DC POWER IN A” on the GL2800
Backup power supply
included for plugging in an optional backup RPS11 power supply.
This provides the reassurance of power supply dual redundancy. The
console uses diode combining technology so that both supplies can
be powered at the same time. One will automatically take over should
the other be switched off or stop working.
A second “B (BACKUP)” socket is
provided with this console, and
between the “DC OUT” on the
GL2800MMMM.
GL2800GL2800
Switching the console on
switching the console and any other connected equipment on or off.
This prevents any unexpected clicks or thumps when the equipment is
powered up.
GGGGLLLL2222888800000000MMMM 9 Allen & Heath
Turn the power amplifiers off before
Page 10
XLR female plug
TS jack plug
2
3
1
Sleeve
Tip
RCA phono jacks
XLR male plug
Female XLR plug
UNBALANCED
PIN 2 = HOT
BALANCED
UNBALANCED
INPUT / OUTPUT
link Ring to Sleeve
TRS jack plug
1
3
2
XLR male socketXLR female socket
3
1=ground
2=hot +
3=cold -
Tip
Sleeve
Ring
INPUTOUTPUT
21
12
1+3 = 12V
1
3
4 = 0V
LAMP
3
1=ground
2=hot +
3=cold -
BALANCED
XLR male plug
UNBALANCED
HEADPHONES
Sleeve=ground
Ring=RIGHT
Tip=LEFT
INSERT
Y-Adapter
2 Outputs to 1 Input
No !
TO
INPUT
Tip=hot (+)
2=hot (+)
3=cold (-)
BALANCED
Sleeve=ground
Ring=cold (-)
1=ground
Sleeve=ground
UNBALANCED
BALANCED
BALANCED
XLR MALE
BALANCED
Ring=cold -
Tip=hot +
RCA PHONO CABLE
INSTRUMENT CABLE
TRS JACK CABLE
MIC CABLE
TRS to XLR-F CABLE
UNBALANCED
UNBALANCED
RCA phono jacks
BALANCED
XLR FEMALE
BALANCED
Sleeve=ground
Ring=return
UNBALANCED
BALANCED
Sleeve=ground
Tip=send
adapter
Ring=cold (-)
1=ground
1=ground
Tip=hot (+)
3=cold (-)
2=hot (+)
2=hot (+)
Y-Adapter
1 Output to 2 Inputs
Yes
FROM
OUTPUT
Tip=hot (+)
2=hot (+)
3=cold (-)
Sleeve=ground
Ring=cold (-)
1=ground
BALANCED
XLR MALE
TRS to XLR-M CABLE
XLR FEMALE
3=cold (-)
BALANCED
Sleeve=ground
Ring=cold (-)
Tip=hot (+)
GGGGLLLL2222888800000000MMMM 10 Allen & Heath
Page 11
The Input Channel
IN
SPLIT
2= +
LIFT
INSERT
INPUT
GND LIFT
SPLIT
PHANTOM POWER
48V
GAIN
POL
PAD
-20dB
+48V
POLARITY
PAD
0
30
20
GAIN
HPF
100Hz
HF
12k
+15
-15
3k
1k
700
15k
500Hz
HM
+15
-15
180
70
45
35Hz
LM
+15
-15
LF
80Hz
+15
-15
EQ IN
CHANNEL INPUT
Balanced XLR input pin 2 hot. Accepts mic or
line level signals. For unbalanced sources use a cable or adapter that
connects XLR pin 3 to pin 1.
CHANNEL PREAMP
54dB gain range with 20dB pad to accept
signals from -60dBu to +14dBu nominal. Press PAD for hot signals up to
+34dBu max. Press HPF to switch in a 12dB/octave 100Hz lo cut filter.
Press POLARITY to invert the signal for working with a pin 3 hot source,
correcting a reverse wired cable, bottom miking a snare drum and so on.
Reversing polarity may help certain situations where feedback is a
problem.
PHANTOM POWER
Press +48V for phantom power via 6.8k ohm
resistors to pins 2 and 3 for microphones such as condensers which
require phantom powering.
WARNING: Do not connect unbalanced sources or cables to
the XLR input when 48V phantom power is selected. To avoid loud
+
-
clicks always turn the channel off by pressing MUTE when switching
+48V on or off, and when plugging or unplugging cables.
If you are working with separate monitor and FOH consoles then phantom
power may be supplied by either or both consoles without damage.
Typically the monitor console provides the power because the monitor
engineer would be closer to the stage patch.
BUILT-IN MIC SPLITTER
40
50
60 40-14 6
output to split the signal to another console such as FOH or recording.
This is a passive split. The GL2800
for the split to work.
GND LIFT
Disconnects the pin1 ground connection between the input
Passes the XLR input through to an XLR
GL2800MMMM does not need to be turned on
GL2800GL2800
XLR and the split output XLR. Press this if there is a problem with a venue
ground loop causing audible hum when connecting the splitter to a
second console. To isolate the audio ground between the consoles make
sure you select all the channel ground lift switches.
4k
6k
INSERT
A single 3-pole TRS jack carries the unbalanced insert signal
for each channel and main mix output. Tip = send, Ring = return, Sleeve
= common ground. The channel inserts are post-HPF, pre-EQ and
operate at 0dBu. Use these to patch in line level signal processing
equipment such as compressors, gates or outboard EQ. The wiring of a
suitable cable is shown in the diagram.
250
400
1k
TIP
RING
INSERT
SEND
RETURN
RETURN
SEND
GROUND
RETURN
SEND
LINK RING TO SLEEVE TO UNBALANCE
PROCESSOR
OUT
IN
EQ
4 band channel EQ with swept frequency mids. The EQ is postinsert so that any inserted processing will be affected by these controls.
The channel pre-fade aux sends are configured post-EQ as standard.
GGGGLLLL2222888800000000MMMM 11 Allen & Heath
Page 12
The 16 Channel Mix Sends
The GL28
GL2800
GL28GL28
combinations of stage wedge and in-ear monitor sends. The controls
are colour coded in pairs to quickly identify each mix. The mixes may
be configured as mono or stereo, and pre or post the channel trim
fader according to your requirement.
MIX
1-8
D
POST
PRE
E
MONO
STEREO
AFL
F
WEDGE
IEM
9-12
MIX
G
POST
PRE
H
MONO
STEREO
AFL
I
WEDGE
IEM
13-16
MIX
J
POST
PRE
K
MONO
STEREO
AFL
L
WEDGE
IEM
+6
C
+6
+6
C
+6
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
PK!
+6
SIG
MIX
1
MIX
2
MIX
3
MIX
4
MIX
5
MIX
6
MIX
7
MIX
8
MIX
9
MIX
10
MIX
11
MIX
12
MIX
13
MIX
14
MIX
15
MIX
16
0
M1
M2
M3
M4
OO
C
PAN
LLLR
OO
OO
C
PAN
LR
OO
OO
C
PAN
LR
OO
OO
C
PAN
LR
OO
OO
C
PAN
LR
OO
OO
C
PAN
LR
OO
OO
C
PAN
LR
OO
OO
C
PAN
LR
OO
6
0
5
10
20
30
00
PFL
MUTE
+6
+6
+6
GLOBAL
SETTINGS
+6
+6
+6
+6
+6
+6
+6
+6
+6
+6
+6
+6
+6
STEREO (LEV/PAN)
MIX
11
STEREO
OO
PAN
MIX
12
LR
OO
MON (2x LEV)
MIX
13
STEREO
OO
PAN
MIX
14
LR
OO
00MMMM features 16 mixes (aux sends). These are used for
0000
WEDGE or IEM, MONO or STEREO ?
Before starting, configure how you want the console to work
by setting the GLOBAL SETTINGS switches in the master
section. These are identified with the letters ‘D’ to ‘L’. Use a
pen or pointed object to set these recessed switches. The
16 mixes may be configured in groups of 8, 4 and 4 to satisfy
many combinations:
POST / PRE
this switch to change to pre-fade.
MONO / STEREO
switch to change to stereo send with separate pairs of level
and pan controls. Start with the pan controls set to their
centre detented position.
WEDGE / IEM AFL
either the engineer’s wedge or in-ear monitor. Default is AFL
routed to the wedge monitor. Select this switch to route AFL
to the engineer’s IEM monitor.
MIX SENDS
channel signal is mixed to each of the console outputs.
They adjusts from fully off to +6dB boost. Unity gain 0dB is
marked at 3 o’clock position. Every second control has a
centre detent for operation as PAN when in stereo mode.
MUTE
Does not affect the channel insert.
FADER
position for normal operation. This is clearly marked with a
pointer. The fader allows adjustment affecting all post-fade
sends from the channel. +6dB boost is provided above ‘0’.
PFL
Press PFL to listen to the pre-fade channel signal in
the engineer’s monitor without affecting the mix outputs.
Selecting more than one PFL at the same time mixes those
signals together in the monitor. PFL overrides any current
mix AFL selection.
METER
signal level. ‘SIG’ lights when a signal level of -12dBu is
detected. ‘0’ lights when the nominal 0dBu level is reached,
and ‘+6’ at +6dBu. ‘PK’ lights when the channel pre-fade
signal is within 5dB of clipping. This gives you enough
warning to reduce GAIN before you hear signal distortion.
MUTE GROUPS
channel to Mute Groups 1 to 4 as required. Press the master
mute switch to mute all channels assigned to that group.
Default is post-fade mix (aux) send. Select
Default is mono send. Select this
Each master AFL switch routes to
These rotary controls adjust how much
Turns off all sends including pre and post fader.
This is the channel trim control. Set to unity ‘0’
A 4 LED channel meter displays the pre-fader
Press these switches to add the
GGGGLLLL2222888800000000MMMM 12 Allen & Heath
Page 13
The Mix Master
3K
2k
4k
1k
700
HM
100
LM
HPF
15
9K
12k
500Hz
+
-
400
500
200
700
80Hz2k
+
-
EQ IN
POLARITYP OLARITY
50
40100
off400
TB
MUTE
DIM
WEDGE
AFL
IEM
10
5
0
6k
1k
200
+16
HM
LM
HPF
+9
+6
+3
0
-3
-6
-9
-12
-16
-20
-30
2k
1k
700
500Hz
-
200
100
80Hz2k
-
40100
15
off400
0
3K
400
50
WEDGE
IEM
10
12k
EQ IN
TB
MUTE
DIM
AFL
5
4k
+
500
+
OUTPUT EQ
(MIX 1-8 only) 2 band swept frequency peak/dip EQ
with in/out switch. Use this to adjust the overall sound of the mix, for
example to satisfy the preference of a performer using in-ears, or to
6k
9K
notch out wedge speaker feedback when an outboard EQ is not
available.
POLARITY
Reverses the signal +/- polarity of the output. Start
with the switch in its up (non-inverted) position. Pressing the switch
for reversed polarity can help in situations where speaker wiring
700
1k
errors, phasing effects or feedback is experienced on stage. Use the
console pink noise generator to help identify speaker polarity and
interaction problems.
HPF
Swept frequency 12dB/octave high pass (low cut) filter
affecting the mix output. Adjust from off (full response) to 400Hz.
Cutting the low frequency response of wedge monitor speakers can
help clean up the stage sound and avoid wasting amplifier power on
low end sounds and bleed not needed in the monitors.
TB
200
Enables the talkback / oscillator to the mix output. You can talk
to or route the oscillator/noise generator to any combination of mix
outputs using these switches.
MUTE
Turns off the mix output. Affects the meter but does not
affect the mix AFL function.
DIM
This momentary switch lets you attenuate the mix output level
by 6dB (half volume) while holding it pressed. This can help you
quickly identify and stop a monitor speaker feedback, or reduce
volume without moving the fader while you are talking to a performer
on stage.
AFL
Routes the post-fade pre-mute mix output to the engineer’s
monitor system. Depending on the configuration of the GLOBAL
SETTINGS switches, AFL feeds the console headphones monitor and
either the engineer’s wedge speaker or the IEM (in-ear) monitor
output. The associated yellow LED indicates which monitor is being
fed. If two mixes are configured as a stereo pair, pressing one AFL
checks that mix in mono, and pressing both AFL together checks the
mix in stereo in the headphones and IEM monitors.
5
10
20
30
00
12
STEREO
10
20
30
5
METER
output XLR. Meter ‘0’ = XLR +4dBu output.
STEREO INDICATOR
12 LED bar output meter displays the signal at the mix
Green LED lights when the pair of mixes
have been configured for stereo operation using the GLOBAL
SETTINGS switches. In stereo mode, the associated channel sends
operate as level and pan controls, and AFL can provide L only, R only
or stereo LR checking of the mix.
FADER
INSERT
A 100mm fader provides accurate control of the mix output.
Each mix is provided with an insert socket for patching in
an outboard signal processor. When working with stage speakers this
00
is typically a 31 band graphic or a multi band parametric EQ used for
ringing out feedback or tuning the speaker response. When working
with in-ear systems this may be a dynamics processor with limiter to
protect the ears of the IEM user. AFL monitors the signal after the
insert so that the engineer can listen to the effect of the processor. A
single 3-pole TRS jack carries the unbalanced insert signal for each
mix output. Tip = send, Ring = return, Sleeve = common ground.
The insert is post-HPF and pre-EQ, pre-fader and operates at a
nominal -2dBu line level.
GGGGLLLL2222888800000000MMMM 13 Allen & Heath
Page 14
The Engineer’s Monitor System
The GL28
GL2800
00MMMM provides three independent engineer’s monitor outputs. By setting
GL28GL28
0000
configuration switches the engineer can listen to each mix the way the performer hears it.
ENGINEERS EQ
WEDGE
AFL
IEM
TALKBACK FROM FOH
WEDGE
IEM
FROM TX RACK MONITOR
OR
FROM WEDGE EXT IN
WEDGE
IEM
M
PFL
ON
PFL
ENGINEERS PROCESSOR
AFL
PFL
AFL
PFL
EXT IN
EXT IN
EXT
ON
EXT
ON
INSERT
INSERT
WEDGE OUT
ENGINEERS WEDGE MONITOR
IEM OUT
HEADPHONES
FOLLOW
C
IEM
AMPLIFIER
ENGINEERS IEM
BELT PACK
TRANSMITTER
MONO WEDGE OUTPUT
To feed a wedge
speaker monitor placed next to the console. Use
the same type of speaker as those used for the
monitors on stage so that the engineer can check
the signal as it is heard by the performers. Includes
a pre-fade insert for patching in an outboard EQ to
let the engineer experiment with EQ changes before
adjusting the associated mix EQ heard by the
performer. Any mix AFL configured as WEDGE
using the GLOBAL SETTINGS switches will be
routed here. PFL overrides AFL in the wedge
output if the recessed PFL ON enable switch has
been set. An external input lets you add another
signal such as talkback from FOH or a prompt back
to the monitor engineer.
STEREO IEM OUTPUT
To feed the
engineer’s in-ear monitoring system, typically a
wireless IEM similar to those used by the
performers. In situations where IEMs are not being
used the output could be connected to feed a
stereo wedge monitor instead. Includes a pre-fade
insert for patching in an outboard processor to let
the engineer try out changes before adjusting the
associated mix processor heard by the performer.
Any mix AFL configured as IEM using the GLOBAL
SETTINGS switches will be routed here. PFL
always overrides AFL in the IEM output. An external
input lets you select another signal such as a
monitor return from a wireless in-ear transmitter
rack. The wedge ext input normals through the
TRS input sockets for FOH talkback to the in-ears if
nothing is plugged in.
HEADPHONES
AFL interrupted by PFL. The
wedge and IEM AFL signals are summed to feed
the headphones output. A recessed mode switch
changes the headphones source to follow the IEM
output instead. This provides a headphones output
for the IEM monitor, complete with two ¼” and one
3.5mm sockets ideal for plugging in a variety of
headphones including in-ear transducers.
XLR OUTPUTS
Differential balanced pin 2 hot
outputs operate at +4dBu with +26dBu maximum.
INSERT
LAMP
WEDGE EXT IN
IEM EXT IN
L/M
INSERT
W
IEM
L
R
EXT TB/OSC
INSERTS
3-pole TRS jack unbalanced insert for
each monitor. Tip = send, Ring = return, Sleeve =
ground. The insert is pre-fader and operates at a
nominal -2dBu line level.
WEDGE EXT IN
Balanced XLR pin 2 hot for
nominal 0dBu line level signal.
WEDGE
R
IEM LR
IEM EXT IN
Unbalanced TRS jacks for line level
input. For a mono signal plug into the L/M input
only. With nothing plugged into these sockets the
wedge ext input is normalled through to both inputs
to provide a common source to both the wedge and
IEM monitors.
GGGGLLLL2222888800000000MMMM 14 Allen & Heath
Page 15
The Engineer’s Toolbox
The GL28
to help the monitor engineer set up and keep control of the multiple
wedge/in-ear stage environment. Includes the engineer’s monitors,
headphones sockets, talkback section, built-in oscillator/noise test
generator, mute group masters and the global settings configuration
switches.
PHONES OUT
for plugging in standard headphones and mini-jack ear pieces and inear sets. An alternative ¼” socket is provided under the armrest.
TB MIC
the performers via their monitors. +48V phantom power is provided.
This may be disabled by resetting an internal jumper. Adjust the mic
level using the TALKBACK trim control.
OSC/NOISE GENERATOR
using a recessed switch to protect it from accidental operation. When
you have finished using the generator turn it off to avoid test signal
during the show. Adjust the level using the OSC/NOISE trim control.
The test signal is routed to a mix output as soon as its associated TB
switch is pressed.
PINK NOISE / 1kHz OSC
tone as the test source. Use the tone when calibrating equipment
levels. Use pink noise when testing speaker drivers and polarity.
EXT TB
TB/OSC socket. Balanced line level XLR output to drive a long cable
run to a remote location, for example to communicate with the
engineer at the FOH console. The output could also be used to patch
the generator to test console channels or other audio equipment.
TALK
output which has its TB switch selected. To prevent possible
feedback the engineer’s wedge output is dimmed (attenuated) by
20dB when TALK is pressed. The generator is dimmed by 12dB for
intelligibility, for example when talking to a monitor being tested.
LATCH
permanently enable the talkback mic when using a switched hand
held microphone. Simply activate the switch on the microphone when
you want to talk to enabled destinations. The TALK switch still
provides a manual dim function.
MUTE GROUPS
mute all inputs assigned using the channel M1-4 switches.
TALKBACK MIC
TALKBACK
OSC/NOISE
A
B
TALK
MUTE GROUPS
C
PFL
TRIM
POWER
LR
PFL ACTIVE
EXT
IN
PHONES
MAXMIN
MAXMIN
PINK NOISE
1kHz OSC
ON
EXT TB
LATCH
M1
M2
M3
M4
MAXMIN
FOLLOW
IEM
0
+16
+9
+6
+3
0
-3
-6
-9
-12
-16
-20
-30
MONO
MAXMINMAXMIN
EXT
ON
MUTE
GLOBAL
SETTINGS
MIX
1-8
D
POST
PRE
E
MONO
STEREO
AFL
F
WEDGE
IEM
9-12
MIX
G
POST
PRE
H
MONO
STEREO
AFL
I
WEDGE
IEM
13-16
MIX
J
POST
PRE
K
MONO
STEREO
AFL
L
WEDGE
IEM
+6-12
+16
+9
+6
+3
0
-3
-6
-9
-12
-16
-20
-30
WEDGEIEM
PFL ACTIVE
M
PFL
ON
EXT
IN
EXT
ON
MUTE
GL2800
00MMMM provides a comprehensive combination of facilities
GL28GL28
0000
Both a ¼” and a 3.5mm socket are provided here
Plug in a cable or gooseneck vocal microphone to talk to
The generator is turned on or off
Select either the pink noise or 1kHz
Routes the talkback/generator to the rear panel EXT
Press this momentary switch to route the talkback mic to any
This recessed mode switch overrides the TALK switch to
Press one or more of these master switches to
HEADPHONES FOLLOW IEM
10
5
0
5
10
20
30
00
10
5
0
5
10
20
30
00
to change the headphones source to follow the IEM monitor system.
PFL TRIM
Adjust the PFL signal level to the headphones and
monitor outputs to match your average AFL level. Range from -12dB
to +6dB with centre detented 0dB position for normal operation.
Does not affect the PFL meter reading.
IEM MASTER
Provides fader, mute, pre-fade meters, mono
summing of the stereo signal and external input switch and level trim.
Selecting a channel PFL overrides any current AFL selection, indicated
by the PFL ACTIVE LED.
WEDGE MASTER
Provides fader, mute, pre-fade meter and
Set this recessed mode switch
external input switch and level trim. Select the recessed PFL ON
IEMW EDGE
switch if you want to check PFL in the wedge monitor. PFL overrides
any current AFL selection.
GGGGLLLL2222888800000000MMMM 15 Allen & Heath
Page 16
GL2800M Operating Tips
!
The following is a collection of brief application notes, hints and tips to
help the operator to get the most out of the uniquely capable
GL2
GL2888800
00MMMM live sound monitor mixing console. They are written as
GL2GL2
0000
a concise reference to spark your imagination to creatively and
effectively deal with the many challenges faced in modern day mixing.
Gain Structure
The term used to describe the gain (level)
matching of the signal through the audio system chain. Each item in
+20
+16
+12
+9
+6
+3
+1
NORMAL OPERATING RANGE
HEADROOM
0
-1
-3
-6
-9
-12
-16
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO
-80
-90
CLIPPING
SIGNAL
DYNAMIC RANGE
NOISE
the equipment chain has its own optimum (‘nominal’) operating level
determined by its electrical circuits. If you overload it with a signal that
is too high then its output tries to produce more voltage than its power
rails can provide resulting in harsh sounding distortion as the audio
signal is ‘clipped’. If you work with a signal that is too low then you
are likely to hear the residual hiss of the circuits as the ‘noise floor’ is
amplified along with the signal. The optimum operating level is the
point at which the signal is high enough above the noise floor so that
the hiss is not heard (good ‘signal-to-noise’ ratio, the SNR), yet
provides enough space (‘headroom’) before clipping to allow for the
louder, dynamic musical moments without distortion. ‘Dynamic range’
specifies the maximum range between noise floor and clipping. It is
the sum of the SNR and headroom. The larger the figure the better…
less noise, more headroom, more forgiving to wide ranging signals.
A microphone produces a very tiny signal, for example -50dBu (a few
millivolts). This should be amplified by the channel preamp to the
optimum operating level of the console circuits, around 0dBu
(0.775V), well clear of the noise floor (typically less than -90dBu), and
with good headroom (typically clipping at greater than +20dBu). The
signal can pass through many stages which affect its level within the
console; the channel, its EQ, fader, pan, the mix head amp, inserted
EQ and processing, master fader, on to the main output. The output
XLR provides the professional standard +4dBu (1.23V) nominal level
to the next stage in the audio chain, typically a speaker processor
such as limiter or crossover, or straight to the amplifier. The amp
boosts this signal to tens of volts to move the speaker cones so
producing the audible sound.
To get the best performance from your system, it is important that you
set up the gain structure correctly within the console and also within
and between the connected equipment. Ideally, each circuit should
be set to clip at the same time if the signal became too hot, in other
words each would have similar headroom relative to its nominal
operating level. The resulting dynamic range is the difference
between the highest noise floor and the lowest headroom through the
system. The performance is only as good as the weakest link.
The GL2
GL2888800
00MMMM provides comprehensive metering to check every
GL2GL2
0000
point within the console signal path. Use the channel meters and
PFL/AFL system to set the gains and mix levels to average around ‘0’
meter reading with usual peaks around ‘+6’. Reduce the gain if the
red ‘+16’ or ‘PK’ indicator lights.
Use the equipment meters to set each item within the system path to
operate at its nominal level. We advise that the speaker processor or
amplifier trims are set so that the console outputs can drive up to their
nominal ‘0’ level. It is a common mistake to set amplifier trims to
maximum sensitivity when this results in the console master faders
being operated at very low positions, with low meter readings, and
reduced dynamic range and therefore audible residual system hiss.
GGGGLLLL2222888800000000MMMM 16 Allen & Heath
Page 17
OSC/NOISE
A
MAXMIN
PINK NOISE
1kHz OSC
ON
Using the Oscillator / Noise Generator
The GL2
GL2888800
GL2GL2
00MMMM
0000
includes a useful signal generator able to produce a pure 1kHz sine
wave tone, or a pink noise test source. This is invaluable in testing the
system components and setting up correct gain structure. The
generator can be routed independently to the various console outputs.
Use the 1kHz tone to line up the connected equipment. For example,
a mix output to an in-ear transmitter or effects send/return loop. Route
the tone to the mix you wish to align. Set the mix master fader to ‘0’.
Press the mix TB switch to route the tone to this mix. Turn up the
OSC/NOISE level until the mix meter reads ‘0’. Next, adjust the
destination equipment input trim so that its meter also reads ‘0’. The
connected equipment is now correctly aligned to the operating level of
the console. You can patch the tone to other equipment by enabling
the EXT TB switch and using the rear panel EXT TB/OSC output.
Use the Pink Noise generator to check the signal routing and
loudspeaker response. ‘Pink noise’ is a random signal that contains
all audio frequencies and is therefore a very good test source. Unlike
‘white noise’ which has equal energy per Hz and sounds like system
or inter-band tuner hiss, pink noise has equal energy per octave, a
response that matches the logarithmic way our ears perceive sound.
You can hear all the frequencies clearly from deep bass, through mid
to treble. This means you can route the noise to a speaker system
and quickly hear if one of the sub, mid or HF drivers is faulty. With the
noise sent to several speakers at the same time you can listen for
comb filtering, and the severe phasing effect which indicates that one
of the speakers may have its wires reversed. Adjust the swept
frequency mix HPF using the noise source to listen to the effect of
cutting the low frequencies in the monitors.
PFL
WEDGE
AFL
IEM
☺
If you suspect the insert
socket to be faulty or
intermittent through excessive
wear or contamination, test for
this by plugging in a jack with
its tip shorted to its ring
contact. This bypasses the
contact in the socket. Clean
using suitable electrical
contact cleaner.
The GL2
GL2888800
00MMMM signal generator is an invaluable tool for calibrating
GL2GL2
0000
and testing the system during setup. To prevent any unexpected
mishaps during the sound check or show, remember to disable it by
releasing the recessed ON switch once you have finished the testing.
We also advise that you always start the calibration with the
OSC/NOISE trim turned fully off so that you can bring it up gradually
without the risk of overloading the destination.
Using PFL / AFL
The input channels provide PFL (pre-fade
listen) so that each source can be checked using the meters and
wedge/IEM monitors before you bring the channel fader up. You can
use PFL while the channel is muted to prevent the signal reaching the
monitors until you have checked it and are ready. All the mix outputs
provide AFL (after-fade listen) so that you can check the exact level
leaving the console. The AFL switch gets its source before the output
mute so that you can check the signal before you send it to its
destination.
Using Inserts
The GL28
GL2800
GL28GL28
00MMMM channel inserts operate at 0dBu,
0000
the output inserts operate at -2dBu. In practice this makes little
difference as long as the inserted equipment is intended for line level
operation (-6 to +4dBu). Simply set the gain through the device to
unity (0dB) with the bypass switch pressed (if available). With the
effect switched in, use the processor output level trim or make-up gain
to make any further adjustments needed. This keeps the gain
structure correct through the channel signal path. With nothing
plugged into the insert, the channel signal is routed through a
switching (‘normalling’) contact in the socket. As soon as a jack is
plugged into the socket the contact is opened and the signal path
broken so that the external device can be patched in series with the
signal.
TIP
RING
INSERT
SEND
RETURN
RETURN
SEND
GROUND
RETURN
SEND
LINK RING TO SLEEVE TO UNBALANCE
OUT
IN
GGGGLLLL2222888800000000MMMM 17 Allen & Heath
Page 18
POLARITY
6
0
5
10
20
30
00
Polarity
Refers to the positive (+) and negative (-) wires of a
loudspeaker or balanced audio connection. The console input
channels and mix masters include POLARITY switches which reverse
the + and – input connections. Applications include correcting for
reverse wired cables, correcting for microphone placement problems,
mixing two mics on a snare drum, one above the other below where
the diaphragms move in opposite directions, helping to reduce comb
filtering effects between speakers on stage, reducing interaction
between stage sound and the FOH PA, and in certain situations
helping to reduce feedback. Polarity is sometimes labelled ‘phase’ on
mixing consoles. Technically, ‘phase’ is not the correct term as it
implies a 180 degree time shift. Polarity simply reverses the wires. It
does not affect time. Before starting your mixing, check that all the
channel and mix polarity switches are correctly set, normally up (+).
Using the channel faders
The channels provide 60mm trim
faders. It is typical to mix monitors with their channel sends set postfade. This means you can use the channel fader as a master level trim
for that source feeding all the mixes. Before you start balancing the
mix set the channel faders to their marked ‘0’ point for normal
operation.
If you prefer, you can set all or some of the sends pre-fade so that
they are not affected by the fader. For example, you could set the IEM
sends pre-fade so that the personal mix to each performer is not affect
when you make global changes to all the wedge speakers to adjust
stage volume for a particular instrument.
INPUT
GND LIFT
SPLIT
+48V
+48V
POLARITY
POLARITY
PAD PAD PAD PAD PAD PAD PAD PAD
0
0
0
30
30
40
40
20
20
20
GAIN
GAIN
GAIN
50
50
6040-14 6
6040-14 6
HPF
HPF
100Hz
100Hz
HF
HF
HF
12k
12k
12k
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
3k
3k
1k
4k
1k
4k
1k
700
6k
700
6k
700
500Hz
15k
500Hz
15k
500Hz
HM
HM
HM
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
180
180
70
250
70
250
70
45
400
45
400
45
35Hz
1k
35Hz
1k
35Hz
LM
LM
LM
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
LF
LF
LF
80Hz
80Hz
80Hz
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
EQ IN
EQ IN
MIX
MIX
MIX
1
1
1
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
C
C
PAN
PAN
PAN
MIX
MIX
MIX
2
2
2
LLL R
LLL R
LLL R
OO
OO
+6
OO
+6
MIX
MIX
MIX
3
3
3
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
C
C
PAN
PAN
PAN
MIX
MIX
MIX
4
4
4
L R
L R
L R
OO
OO
+6
OO
+6
MIX
MIX
MIX
5
5
5
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
C
C
PAN
PAN
PAN
MIX
MIX
MIX
6
6
6
L R
L R
L R
OO
OO
+6
OO
+6
MIX
MIX
MIX
7
7
7
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
C
C
PAN
PAN
PAN
MIX
MIX
MIX
8
8
8
L R
L R
L R
OO
OO
+6
OO
+6
MIX
MIX
MIX
9
9
9
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
OO
OO
+6
OO
+6
C
C
PAN
PAN
PAN
MIX
MIX
MIX
10
10
10
L R
L R
L R
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
MIX
MIX
MIX
11
11
11
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
C
C
PAN
PAN
PAN
MIX
MIX
MIX
12
12
12
L R
L R
L R
OO
OO
+6
OO
+6
MIX
MIX
MIX
13
13
13
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
C
C
PAN
PAN
PAN
MIX
MIX
MIX
14
14
14
L R
L R
L R
+6
+6
OO
OO
OO
MIX
MIX
MIX
15
15
15
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
C
C
PAN
PAN
PAN
MIX
MIX
MIX
16
16
16
L R
L R
L R
OO
OO
+6
OO
+6
MUTE
MUTE
PK!
PK!
PK!
+6
+6
+6
6
0
6
0
0
SIG
SIG
SIG
0
0
M1
M1
M1
5
5
M2
M2
M2
10
10
M3
M3
M3
20
20
M4
M4
M4
30
30
00
00
PFL
PFL
Using the built-in mic splitter
The GL2800
GL2800MMMM provides a
GL2800GL2800
built-in passive mic splitter. Plug the stage sources into the monitor
console channel inputs. Connect the split outputs to the multicore
feeding the second console, typically FOH. Each console has
independent control of its sources. It is the same as using an XLR Ycable for one mic to feed two console channels. The GND LIFT switch
disconnects the pin 1 ground link between the input and split output
XLRs. Use this only if you experience audible hum due to a ground
loop problem associated with the wiring at your venue. If this is the
case you may need to select all the channel lift switches. Only in
extreme situations may it become necessary to consider using a much
more expensive transformer splitter solution to provide complete
isolation between the consoles. Start with all LIFT switches
deselected.
Phantom power and the monitor console
Either or both
the monitor and FOH console may provide the 48V phantom power
without any problem or damage to the equipment. The power is
routed to the XLR pins via 6.8k ohm resistors which limit current and
prevent damage. Decide before the sound check which engineer
shall be responsible for providing the power. Typically the monitor
engineer would switch the power as he/she would be on stage helping
set up the microphones. Ensure that both the FOH and monitor
console mic channels are muted while the mics are being plugged
and power switched.
+48V
POLARITY
30
40
6040-14 6
HPF
100Hz
+15
3k
15k
+15
180
1k
+15
+15
EQ IN
+6
C
+6
+6
C
+6
+6
C
+6
+6
C
+6
+6
C
+6
+6
C
+6
+6
C
+6
+6
C
+6
MUTE
6
0
5
10
20
30
00
PFL
POLARITY
POLARITY
POLARITY
POLARITY
POLARITY
0
0
0
0
0
30
30
30
30
30
40
40
40
40
40
20
20
20
20
20
GAIN
GAIN
GAIN
GAIN
GAIN
50
4k
6k
250
400
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
PK!
+6
SIG
50
50
50
50
50
6040-14 6
6040-14 6
6040-14 6
6040-14 6
6040-14 6
HPF
HPF
HPF
HPF
HPF
100Hz
100Hz
100Hz
100Hz
100Hz
HF
HF
HF
HF
HF
12k
12k
12k
12k
12k
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
3k
3k
3k
3k
3k
4k
1k
4k
1k
4k
1k
4k
1k
4k
1k
6k
700
6k
700
6k
700
6k
700
6k
700
15k
500Hz
15k
500Hz
15k
500Hz
15k
500Hz
15k
500Hz
HM
HM
HM
HM
HM
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
180
180
180
180
180
250
70
250
70
250
70
250
70
250
70
400
45
400
45
400
45
400
45
400
45
1k
35Hz
1k
35Hz
1k
35Hz
1k
35Hz
1k
35Hz
LM
LM
LM
LM
LM
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
LF
LF
LF
LF
LF
80Hz
80Hz
80Hz
80Hz
80Hz
+15
-15
+15
-15
+15
-15
-15
+15
+15
-15
EQ IN
EQ IN
EQ IN
EQ IN
EQ IN
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
1
1
1
1
1
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
O
+6
O
C
C
C
C
C
PAN
PAN
PAN
PAN
PAN
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
2
2
2
2
2
LLL R
LLL R
LLL R
LLL R
LLL R
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
3
3
3
3
3
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
C
C
C
C
C
PAN
PAN
PAN
PAN
PAN
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
4
4
4
4
4
L R
L R
L R
L R
L R
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
5
5
5
5
5
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
C
C
C
C
C
PAN
PAN
PAN
PAN
PAN
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
6
6
6
6
6
L R
L R
L R
L R
L R
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
7
7
7
7
7
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
C
C
C
C
C
PAN
PAN
PAN
PAN
PAN
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
8
8
8
8
8
L R
L R
L R
L R
L R
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
9
9
9
9
9
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
C
C
C
C
C
PAN
PAN
PAN
PAN
PAN
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
10
10
10
10
10
L R
L R
L R
L R
L R
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
11
11
11
11
11
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
C
C
C
C
C
PAN
PAN
PAN
PAN
PAN
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
12
12
12
12
12
L R
L R
L R
L R
L R
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
13
13
13
13
13
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
C
C
C
C
C
PAN
PAN
PAN
PAN
PAN
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
14
14
14
14
14
L R
L R
L R
L R
L R
+6
+6
+6
+6
+6
OO
OO
OO
OO
OO
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
15
15
15
15
15
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
STEREO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
C
C
C
C
C
PAN
PAN
PAN
PAN
PAN
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
MIX
16
16
16
16
16
L R
L R
L R
L R
L R
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
OO
+6
MUTE
MUTE
MUTE
MUTE
MUTE
PK!
PK!
PK!
PK!
+6
+6
+6
+6
6
0
6
0
6
0
6
0
6
0
SIG
SIG
SIG
SIG
0
0
0
0
0
M1
M1
M1
M1
M1
5
5
5
5
5
M2
M2
M2
M2
M2
10
10
10
10
10
M3
M3
M3
M3
M3
20
20
20
20
20
M4
M4
M4
M4
M4
30
30
30
30
30
00
00
00
00
00
PFL
PFL
PFL
PFL
PFL
Zero the console
Before starting the sound check it is good
practice to ‘zero’ the console by setting all its controls to a sensible
starting condition. Check that the GLOBAL SETTINGS and all other
mode switches are correctly set for your application. Set all GAIN, EQ
and PAN controls mid, faders off, TALKBACK and OSC/NOISE levels
off, TB enable switches off, PFL and AFL off, and all other switches up.
If you have configured stereo mixes start with their pan controls (even
numbered sends) set to their centre detented position. Make sure the
osc/noise generator is turned off. Cue Sheets are provided at the rear
of this guide for you to copy and log your control settings. This can
also be downloaded from our web site.
+48V
+48V
+48V
+48V
+48V
GGGGLLLL2222888800000000MMMM 18 Allen & Heath
Page 19
Stage wedge speakers
wedge speakers used for stage monitoring are critical to both meeting
the performers needs and keeping stage noise under control. Use a
speaker designed for the monitor application and with adequate
power handling for the type of show. Know the directional response
of the microphones being used as this can determine the optimum
position of the speakers to minimise feedback. Ensure the speaker is
as close as possible to and angled up to face the performer.
The engineer’s wedge speaker
speaker as used on stage for the performers. To help you hear the
mix as the performer does, position this in a similar way to those used
on stage, on the floor angled up towards you.
Ringing out the wedges
position each mic and speaker correctly. Use an EQ, typically 31
band graphic, inserted into each wedge mix. Start with the EQ set flat.
Sweep the console mix HPF to filter out unnecessary low frequencies.
Restricting the low end in the wedges can improve the overall stage
sound and prevent the amplifiers wasting energy. It is likely that there
will already be a strong low frequency presence from the back line.
Get a colleague to help with this process. Ring out each monitor by
carefully turning up the level until feedback just starts. Have someone
talk, shout or sing into the mic as this may stimulate further feedback.
Find and cut back that frequency a few dB on the EQ. Turn up the
level and find the next feedback ring. Do this for 2 or 3 frequencies
and do not cut more than 3 to 6dB where possible. Avoid using the
EQ to boost frequencies. Excessive use of the EQ may reduce the
feedback but may also destroy the intelligibility of the mix. While
finding the feedback it helps to simulate how the mic will be used
during the show. For example, cup the mic with your hand, present
your open mouth close to its grille, walk around the stage if the
performer does this. Certain ‘props’ such as sunglasses, costumes
and hats may stimulate feedback. Once you have completed the
process listen to your voice or a signal through the speaker to make
sure that the overall tone is good. A monitor that has been effectively
tuned in this way should provide plenty of GBF (gain before feedback)
ready for the sound check and show.
The type and position of the floor
Use the same type of
To avoid problems take care to
BELT PACK
TRANSMITTER
Creating a wedge mix
as simple as possible with just vocals and specifically requested
sources. It is unusual to put everything into the wedge mix as it is
there to supplement the acoustic contribution of the instruments on
stage. Avoid reverb or other ambient effects in the wedges if possible.
To keep the stage level under control encourage the performers to
turn down or reposition the back line amplifiers if they are too loud.
Mono or stereo in-ear monitors
professional closed ear IEM systems are capable of handling a stereo
mix. Stereo is known to provide the performer with a much more
comfortable listening environment. However, mono is still the more
common method simply because of the lack of compact affordable
consoles with a sufficient number of auxes or the ability to create true
stereo mixes. The space saving GL2800
its 16 mixes, true stereo level/pan capability and advanced engineers
stereo monitoring…
Adding ambience to an in-ear mix
wearing an in-ear monitor becomes isolated from the stage and
audience acoustics it is good practice to add some ambience to the
mix. A little stereo reverb can help, or better still, use a pair of ambient
pickup microphones placed at the side or front of stage. Condenser
mics are recommended. Plug these into a pair of channels and pan to
create the stereo spread required. It helps to EQ out the extreme low
and high frequencies to avoid distracting from the musical mix.
To improve intelligibility keep the mix
The majority of
GL2800MMMM changes all that with
GL2800GL2800
Because the performer
GGGGLLLL2222888800000000MMMM 19 Allen & Heath
Page 20
TALKBACK MIC
TALKBACK
OSC/NOISE
TALK
Monitoring many mixes
The GL2800
GL2800MMMM provides a dual
GL2800GL2800
AFL monitoring system so you can check the stage wedge mixes in
your own floor wedge, and check the in-ear mixes using your own IEM
system or the console headphones. Before starting, decide which
mixes are to feed each type of monitor and then configure the
GLOBAL SETTINGS switches accordingly.
MAXMIN
A quick and easy IEM monitor
If you do not have a
dedicated engineer’s IEM system then simply select the headphones
MAXMIN
PINK NOISE
1kHz OSC
A
ON
EXT TB
B
LATCH
FOLLOW IEM switch so that the console headphones output may be
used instead. In this mode the headphones follows the engineer’s
IEM monitor master fader. A 3.5mm socket is provided in addition to
the two standard ¼” sockets, ideal for plugging in the typical ear
pieces used.
Communicating with the performers
Use the built-in
talkback system to talk to individual or combinations of performers
through their monitors. You may find it more convenient to use a
switched, hand held microphone. In this case select the recessed
LATCH mode switch to bypass the console TALK switch.
EXT
IN
MAXMIN
EXT
ON
M1
M2
M3
M4
Think before you hit
the switch!
Communicating with the FOH engineer
Use the external
TB/OSC output to connect via the multicore to an input on the FOH
console. Press the EXT TB switch to enable talkback to this output.
The FOH engineer can route that channel or select PFL to his monitor
when communication is needed. For reverse communication the FOH
engineer can send a line level talkback signal from the FOH console
via the multicore to the GL28
GL2800
00MMMM wedge EXT input XLR. Press the
GL28GL28
0000
EXT ON switch and adjust the level to listen to the FOH signal in your
wedge when needed. The same talkback return is routed to the IEM
monitor when nothing is plugged into its TRS jack inputs.
Using the mute groups
Use these to mute combinations of
input channels, for example those associated with different bands
playing in a festival. We recommend you set up one group to mute all
inputs. This provides a quick way to turn the mix off during
intermission or while you replug microphones on stage.
Turning the system on and off
• Turn the amplifiers on last and off first.
• Mute channels before plugging cables, unplugging
instruments and switching phantom power.
•Let equipment which has been stored in a damp or cold
place acclimatise in the venue first before powering it up.
It is good practice to:
•Power up the system in plenty of time before you start the
sound check or show.
Sound levels
The ear is a delicate instrument. Do not subject
yourself or the performers to long periods of loud sound, particularly
with extreme equalisation. This may result in frequency selective or
full range hearing loss. Ensure that any closed ear personal monitor
systems in use have adequate protection limiting. This may be built
into the monitor system, or it may be necessary to patch outboard
limiters into the IEM mix inserts. Adhere to the sound level regulations
which may apply to the venue… and common sense!
GGGGLLLL2222888800000000MMMM 20 Allen & Heath
Page 21
Specifications
24 32 40
Performance
Maximum XLR input level +34dBu (inc pad)
Maximum XLR output level +26dBu
Internal headroom Channels +20dB, Mix +22dB
Master meters 12 segment -30 to +16dB, 0VU= +4dBu XLR
Channel meters 4 segment -12,0,+6+16dB (5dB before clip)
Frequency response 20Hz to 50kHz +0/-1dB
Mic CMRR at 1kHz > 80dB typical
THD+n at +14dBu 1kHz Mic to mix out < 0.003%
Crosstalk at 1kHz Fader shutoff >90dB
Mute shutoff >88dB
Inter channel >90dB
Noise, rms 22Hz to 22kHz Mic EIN -128dB
Residual output noise < -96dBu (-100dB S/N)
Mix noise 24 channels < -80dBu (-84dB S/N)
Channel HPF Switched 100Hz, 12dB/octave
Output HPF Swept off to 400Hz, 12dB/octave
Channel EQ HF Shelving +/-15dB, 12kHz
HM Peak/dip +/-15dB, 500Hz to 15kHz, Q=1.8
LM Peak/dip +/-15dB, 35Hz to 1kHz, Q=1.8
LF Shelving +/-15dB, 80Hz
Mix 1-8 EQ HM Peak/dip +/-15dB, 500Hz to 12kHz, Q=1.6
LM Peak/dip +/-15dB, 80Hz to 2kHz, Q=1.6
Power supply External RPS11 IEC input
External Input for optional RPS11 backup supply
Connections
Channel XLR balanced pin 2 hot Sensitivity -60 to +14dBu
Total gain range 74dB
20dB Pad out 2k ohm, in >10k ohm
Wedge Ext in XLR balanced pin 2 hot >10k ohm, 0dBu, +20dBu max
IEM Ext in TRS unbalanced >10k ohm, 0dBu, +20dBu max
Talkback mic XLR balanced pin 2 hot Sensitivity -50 to -10dBu
Phantom power Internal jumper +48V (fitted)
Inserts Channel TRS, tip send, ring return, 0dBu
Output TRS, tip send, ring return, -2dBu
Mix 1-16 out XLR balanced pin 2 hot <75 ohm, +4dBu, +26dBu max
IEM/Wedge out XLR balanced pin 2 hot <75 ohm, +4dBu, +26dBu max
Talkback/Osc out XLR balanced pin 2 hot <75 ohm, +4dBu, =26dBu max
Headphones TRS, tip L, ring R, 30 to 600 ohm headphones recommended
Lamp 4-pin XLR max 12V 5W lamp