AirLive AirMax DUO Lite User Manual

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AirMax DUO Lite

802.11 a/b/g IP-65 Dual Radio

User

’

s Manual

Base Station

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No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, whether electronic, mechanical, photocopying, or recording without the written consent of OvisLink Corp.

OvisLink Corp. has made the best effort to ensure the accuracy of the information in this user’s guide. However, we are not liable for the inaccuracies or errors in this guide. Please use with caution. All information is subject to change without notice

All Trademarks are properties of their respective holders.

This product requires professional installation. Please do not attempt to install the device without the necessary knowledge in regards to your country's wireless regulations.

AirLive AirMax DUO Lite User’s Manual

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Regulatory Information

Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one of the following measures:

- Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

- Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

- Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.

- Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

FCC Caution: To assure continued compliance, (example - use only shielded interface cables when connecting to computer or peripheral devices) any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate this equipment. This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

For product available in the USA/Canada market, only channel 1~11 can be operated.

Selection of other channels is not possible.

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IMPORTANT NOTE

FCC Radiation Exposure Statement:

This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance 20cm between the radiator & your body.

This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.

FCC NOTICE: To comply with FCC part 15 rules in the United States, the system must be professionally installed to ensure compliance with the Part 15 certification. It is the responsibility of the operator and professional installer to ensure that only certified systems are deployed in the United States. The use of the system in any other combination (such as co-located antennas transmitting the same information) is expressly forbidden.

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Table of Contents

1. Introduction.............................................................................................. 1

1.1 Overview............................................................................................ 1

1.2 How to Use This Guide...................................................................... 3

1.3 Firmware Upgrade and Tech Support ................................................ 5

1.4 Feature .............................................................................................. 6

1.5 Wireless Operation Modes................................................................. 7

1.5.1 Dual AP Mode..............................................................................................8

1.5.2 Duplex Mode ...............................................................................................9

1.5.3 Dual WDS Bridge Mode.............................................................................10

1.5.4 Separate Bridge Mode............................................................................... 11

1.5.5 AP + Client / Client + AP Mode ..................................................................12

1.5.6 AP + WDS Bridge / WDS Bridge + AP Mode .............................................13

1.5.7 WDS + Gateway / Gateway + WDS Mode.................................................14

1.5.8 AP + Gateway / Gateway + AP Mode ........................................................16

1.5.9 AP + WISP / WISP + AP Mode ..................................................................17

2. Installing the AirMax DUO Lite........................................................... 19

2.1 Before You Start............................................................................... 19

2.2 Installing AirMax DUO Lite ............................................................... 19

2.3 Knowing Your AirMax DUO Lite ....................................................... 20

2.4 Hardware Installation....................................................................... 21

2.4.1. Pull out the PCBA of AirMax DUO Lite and connect the Ethernet cable to

the PoE Port .......................................................................................................22

2.4.2 Connect the Ethernet cable to the PoE Injector.........................................24

2.5 Pole Mount/Wall Mount Installation.................................................. 25

3. Configuring the AirMax DUO Lite....................................................... 26

3.1 Important Information....................................................................... 26

3.2 Prepare Your PC.............................................................................. 27

3.3 Management Interface..................................................................... 28

3.3.1 Web Management (HTTP):........................................................................28

3.3.2 Secured Web Management (HTTPS):.......................................................28

3.3.3 Command Line Interface (Telnet): .............................................................30

3.3.4 Secure Shell (SSH, SSH2): .......................................................................31

3.3.5 SNMP Management: .................................................................................33

3.4 Introduction to Web Management .................................................... 34

3.4.1 Getting into Web Management ..................................................................34

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Table of Contents

3.4.2 Welcome Screen and Login.......................................................................37

3.5 Initial Configuration.......................................................................... 39

3.5.1 Choose the wireless Operation Modes......................................................39

3.5.2 Change the Device’s IP Address ...............................................................41

3.5.3 Change the Country Code .........................................................................42

3.5.4 Set the Time and Date ...............................................................................44

3.5.5 Change System Management ...................................................................45

3.5.6 Change Password .....................................................................................46

4. Wireless and WAN Settings .................................................................. 47

4.1 About AirMax DUO Lite Menu Structure........................................... 47

4.2 General Wireless Settings ............................................................... 49

4.2.1 Regulatory Domain....................................................................................51

4.2.2 Network SSID ............................................................................................51

4.2.3 Site Survey ................................................................................................51

4.2.4 Signal Survey ............................................................................................53

4.2.5 Radio Mode ...............................................................................................53

4.2.6 Channel .....................................................................................................53

4.2.7 Channel Width ...........................................................................................55

4.2.8 Security Settings........................................................................................55

4.2.9 Distance.....................................................................................................61

4.2.10 Advance Settings.....................................................................................62

4.2.11 Access Control (ACL)...............................................................................64

4.2.12 Multiple SSID...........................................................................................66

4.2.13 WMM QoS Setting...................................................................................71

4.2.14 RADIUS Settings .....................................................................................76

4.2.15 Bandwidth Control ...................................................................................77

4.2.16 RSSI LED Threshold ...............................................................................82

4.3 AP Specific Settings......................................................................... 84

4.4 WDS Specific Settings ..................................................................... 86

4.5 Client Mode Specific Settings .......................................................... 89

4.6 Gateway (AP Router) Specific Settings............................................ 92

4.6.1 WAN Port Settings.....................................................................................93

4.6.2 PPPoE Server Settings..............................................................................95

4.6.3 DHCP Server Settings ...............................................................................96

4.6.4 Multiple DMZ .............................................................................................97

4.6.5 Virtual Server Settings ...............................................................................98

4.6.6 Special Applications...................................................................................99

4.6.7 IP Filtering Settings..................................................................................100

4.6.8 IP Routing Settings..................................................................................102

4.6.9 Dynamic DNS Settings ............................................................................103

4.6.10 Remote Management Settings ..............................................................104

4.7 WISP Specific Settings ...................................................................105

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Table of Contents

4.7.1 WAN Port Settings...................................................................................106

4.7.2 DHCP Server Settings .............................................................................107

4.7.3 Multiple DMZ ...........................................................................................108

4.7.4 Virtual Server Settings .............................................................................109

4.7.5 Special Applications................................................................................. 110

4.7.6 IP Filtering Settings.................................................................................. 111

4.7.7 IP Routing Settings.................................................................................. 113

4.7.8 Dynamic DNS Settings ............................................................................ 114

4.7.9 Remote Management Settings ................................................................ 115

4.8 Single Band Mode (2.4GHz Only)...................................................116

4.8.1 Access Point Mode .................................................................................. 117

4.8.2 Repeater Mode........................................................................................ 118

4.8.3 WDS Bridge Mode................................................................................... 119

4.8.4 Bridge Infrastructure Mode ......................................................................120

4.8.5 Client Infrastructure Mode .......................................................................121

4.8.6 Client Ad Hoc Mode.................................................................................122

4.8.7 WISP Router Mode..................................................................................122

4.8.8 AP Router Mode ......................................................................................123

5. System Configuration...........................................................................124

5.1 System Configuration .....................................................................124

5.1.1 Device IP Settings ...................................................................................124

5.1.2 Time Settings...........................................................................................126

5.1.3 Password Settings...................................................................................127

5.1.4 System Management...............................................................................127

5.1.5 SNMP Settings ........................................................................................129

5.1.6 Ping Watchdog ........................................................................................131

5.1.7 Firmware Upgrade...................................................................................133

5.1.8 Configuration Save and Restore..............................................................134

5.1.9 Factory Default ........................................................................................135

5.1.10 Reboot System ......................................................................................135

5.1.11 AirMax DUO Lite Emergency Recovery .................................................136

6. Device Status & Tools ..........................................................................138

6.1 Device Status..................................................................................138

6.1.1 Device Information...................................................................................138

6.1.2 Wireless Information................................................................................140

6.1.3 LAN Information.......................................................................................141

6.1.4 Internet Information..................................................................................142

6.1.5 Wireless Client Table ...............................................................................143

6.1.6 System Log..............................................................................................144

6.1.7 Network Ping ...........................................................................................145

6.1.8 Network Traceroute .................................................................................146

7. Command Line Interface......................................................................147

7.1 System Commands ........................................................................148

iii

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Table of Contents

7.2 Debugging Commands ...................................................................150

7.3 Show Commands ...........................................................................152

7.4 Set Commands...............................................................................159

7.5 Enable/Disable Commands ............................................................167

7.6 Add/Delete Commands...................................................................169

8. Frequent Asked Questions ..................................................................174

9. Specifications .......................................................................................177

10. Wireless Network Glossary................................................................181

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1. Introduction

1.1 Overview

The AirMax DUO Lite is the lightweight version of AirLive Base Station that incorporates everything we know about wireless - a feat from the company that invented the first multi-function AP. From its firm IP-65 case to the incredible easy-to-use AirLogic interface, it is meticulously designed inside out to be a powerful device you can use and rely on.

Dual Wireless + High Power + 2 LAN Ports

The AirMax DUO Lite is equipped with 2 high-powered Atheros radios. The radio 1 runs in the 11a 5GHz mode only while the radio 2 runs at the 11a/b/g dual band. AirLive adds high power amplifier to run the AP at 23dBm in 11a mode (200mW), that’s 4 times the output power of normal 11a radio (50mW). In addition, 2 programmable LAN ports are available for multi-mode AP/Gateway configuration.

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1. Introduction

Multiple Operation Modes

The AirMax DUO Lite can operate in multiple wireless modes for different application environments such as Dual AP, Dual WDS, Duplex link aggregation, Separate Bridge, AP + Client, AP + WDS, WDS + Gateway, AP + Gateway, and AP + WISP. These modes can be changed and configured easily by the Web user interface.

802.3af PoE Port

AirMax DUO Lite is equipped with an 802.3af Power over Ethernet port. It thus can be powered by a PoE PSE and operate at up to 100 meter away.

VLAN & QoS

AirMax DUO Lite provides Multi-SSID to create different wireless networks using one AP. The TAG VLAN feature allows service provider to control service content of each SSID network all the way back to core router. The QoS feature allows prioritizing the different package according the 802.11e WMM protocol and triple play (Voice, Video and Data). Bandwidth control feature allow AirMax DUO Lite to limit the bandwidth on distinct IP/MAC or on the total device.

IP65 Environmental Protection Enclosure

With IP-65 standard enclosure, AirMax DUO Lite is highly protected against dust and water. So that AirMax DUO Lite can be used in a hardened environment.

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1. Introduction

1.2 How to Use This Guide

AirMax DUO Lite is an advanced wireless Base Station with multiple functions. It is recommended that you read through the entire user’s guide whenever possible. The user guide is divided into different chapters. You should read at least go through the first 3 chapters before attempting to install the device.

1.3 Firmware Upgrade and Tech Support

If you encounter a technical issue that can not be resolved by information on this guide, we recommend that you visit our comprehensive website support at www.airlive.com. The tech support FAQ are frequently updated with latest information.

In addition, you might find new firmware that either increase software functions or provide bug fixes for AirMax DUO Lite. You can reach our on-line support center at the following link:

http://www.airlive.com/support/support_2.jsp

Since 2009, AirLive has added the “Newsletter Instant Support System” on our website. AirLive Newsletter subscribers receives instant email notifications when there are new download or tech support FAQ updates for their subscribed AirLive models. To become an AirLive newsletter member, please visit: http://www.airlive.com/member/member_3.jsp

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1. Introduction

1.4 Feature

 1x 108Mbps 11a Radio + 1x 108Mbps 11a/b/g Radio

 23dBm 11a and 20dBm 11g/b Output Power

 14 Wireless Multi-function Modes: Dual AP, Duplex, Dual WDS Bridge, Separate

Bridge, AP + Client, Client + AP, AP + WDS Bridge, WDS Bridge + AP, WDS + Gateway, Gateway + WDS, AP + Gateway, Gateway + AP, AP + WISP, WISP + AP

 2x N-Type Antenna connectors for external antennas

 Built from High Temperature resistant ABS material with Anti-UV protection

 Powered by 802.3af 48V PoE. 803.3af 48V PoE power adapter and DC Injector

are included.

 Pole Mount/Wall Mount kit included for installation

 Total Bandwidth and Per-User Bandwidth Control

 Limit Bandwidth of HTTP, FTP, Torrent and eDunkey traffic in router mode

 Site Survey, RSSI signal Survey, and RSSI LED indicator.

 Multi-SSID, TAG VLAN, WMM, TOS

 ACK Timeout Adjustment for long distance connection.

 Emergency firmware recovery mode

 Web, HTTPS, SSH/SSH2, Telnet, and SNMP managements

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1. Introduction

1.5 Wireless Operation Modes

The AirMax DUO Lite can perform as a multi-function wireless device. Through the AirLogic web interface, users can easily select which wireless mode they wish the AirMax DUO Lite to perform.

The AirMax DUO Lite provides 14 modes of wireless operational applications:

Wireless Mode Radio 1 (11a) Radio 2 (11a or b/g)

Dual AP Access Point Access Point

Duplex WDS Bridge WDS Bridge

Dual WDS Bridge WDS Bridge WDS Bridge

Separate Bridge WDS Bridge WDS Bridge

AP + Client Access Point Wireless Client

Client + AP Wireless Client Access Point AP + WDS Bridge Access Point WDS Bridge WDS Bridge + AP WDS Bridge Access Point

WDS + Gateway WDS Bridge Gateway (AP Router) Gateway + WDS Gateway (AP Router) WDS Bridge

AP + Gateway Access Point Gateway (AP Router) Gateway + AP Gateway (AP Router) Access Point

AP + WISP AP Router WISP Bridge

WISP + AP WISP Bridge AP Router

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1. Introduction

1.5.1 Dual AP Mode

In Dual AP mode, both wireless interface of AirMax DUO Lite are set as AP and provide hotspot service on each interface.

 This Application provides wider coverage that difficult to be reached with a unique

Omni antenna by using another adequate antenna such as sector antenna. It’s particularly suitable for WISP to provide stable and high performance link.

 The image in Dual AP mode diagrams helps to indicate the data flow related to the

Wireless and the Ethernet ports.

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1. Introduction

1.5.2 Duplex Mode

The duplex mode combines the two radios and double the bandwidth between AirMax DUO Lite

 This Application provides higher bandwidth between two locations than single radio

does. When clients transmitting data which over the loading of single radio, the other radio shares the loading and make it able to transmit more data between the two AirMax DUO Lite.

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1. Introduction

 The image in Duplex mode diagram helps to indicate the data flow related to the

Wireless and the Ethernet ports.

1.5.3 Dual WDS Bridge Mode

In Dual WDS Bridge mode, both wireless interface of AirMax DUO Lite are set as WDS Bridge and connect to remote network. When configured in the Dual WDS Bridge mode, AirMax DUO Lite allows solving discontinuous link due to geographical obstacles, shown as below and extension of distance between two WDS bridge nodes separated by a building.

 In this mode, the AP can act as a signal repeating station in a wireless backbone

network. In addition, it can also function as directing station for NLOS application.

 The image in Duplex WDS Bridge mode diagram helps to indicate the data flow related

to the Wireless and the Ethernet ports.

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1. Introduction

1.5.4 Separate Bridge Mode

The Separate Bridge Mode divides the AirMax DUO Lite into two single bridges. As shown in the following diagram, the two IP segments can not communicate or see each others.

 In this application, both Radio 1 and Radio 2 are in WDS Bridge Mode.  The image in Separate WDS Bridge mode diagram helps to indicate the data flow

related to the Wireless and the Ethernet ports.

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1. Introduction

1.5.5 AP + Client / Client + AP Mode

In this mode, one station works as an intermediate station. This enable the AP to link with remote stations using client mode, then distribute the signal to other clients using AP mode.

 In this application, Either Radio 1 or Radio 2 is in AP Mode, the other Radio is in Client

mode.

 The image in AP + Client / Client + AP mode diagram helps to indicate the data flow

related to the Wireless and the Ethernet ports.

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1. Introduction

1.5.6 AP + WDS Bridge / WDS Bridge + AP Mode

In this mode, one Radio works as Access Point and the other one is WDS Bridge.

 In this mode, the AP can act as a signal repeating station in a wireless backbone

network. In addition, it can also function as directing station for NLOS application.

 The image in AP + WDS Bridge / WDS Bridge + AP mode diagram helps to indicate

data flow related to the Wireless and the Ethernet ports.

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1. Introduction

1.5.7 WDS + Gateway / Gateway + WDS Mode

In this mode, one radio acts as an AP router and the other a WDS bridge. One of the RJ-45 ports as the WAN interface to the internet.

 The remote location can access the internet by way of this Access Point which acts as

a gateway device of the network.

 The image in WDS + Gateway / Gateway + WDS mode diagram helps to indicate data

flow related to the Wireless and the Ethernet ports.

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1. Introduction

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1. Introduction

1.5.8 AP + Gateway / Gateway + AP Mode

In this mode, one radio acts as an AP router and the other an Access Point. One of the RJ-45 ports as the WAN interface to the internet.

 The remote location can access the internet by way of this Access Point which acts as

a gateway device of the network.

 The image in AP + Gateway / Gateway + AP mode diagram helps to indicate data flow

related to the Wireless and the Ethernet ports.

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1. Introduction

1.5.9 AP + WISP / WISP + AP Mode

In this mode, one radio acts as an AP and the other acts as a client router. One of the RJ-45 ports as the WAN interface to the internet.

 The remote location can access the Internet by way of this Access Point which acts as

a gateway device of the network.

 The image in AP + Gateway / Gateway + AP mode diagram helps to indicate data flow

related to the Wireless and the Ethernet ports.

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1. Introduction

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2. Installing the AirMax DUO Lite

2.Installing the

This section describes the hardware features and the hardware installation procedure for the AirMax DUO Lite. For software configuration, please go to chapter 3 for more details.

AirMax DUO Lite

2.1 Before You Start

It is important to read through this section before you install the AirMax DUO Lite.

 The AirMax DUO Lite comes with everything you need to start installation with

exception of the PoE Ethernet Cable. You can use a good quality CAT-5E graded Ethernet cable (shielded with anti-UV) according to the length you need.

 The use of 5GHz spectrum might be prohibited in some countries. Please consult with

your country’s telecom regulation first.

 You must set the distance parameter to make long distance connection work. Please

refer to chapter 4 of this user’s guide for details.

2.2 Installing AirMax DUO Lite

The AirMax DUO Lite package contains the following items:

 One AirMax DUO Lite main unit

 48VDC PoE injector kits

 Pole/Wall mount kit

 User Guide CD

 Quick Start Guide

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2. Installing the AirMax DUO Lite

Pull Out

RJ-45 & PoE

Port

Reset Button

2.3 Knowing Your AirMax DUO Lite

The main connecters are on the inside PCBA of AirMax DUO Lite. Once you pull out the PCBA, you will see those connectors on the top side of it.

Upside of the PCBA

Connect to the Ethernet Cable

Press this button for resetting the AirMax DUO Lite

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Bottom side of AirMax DUO Lite

Antenna

Cat-5E Cable Hole

2. Installing the AirMax DUO Lite

N-Type connector for radio 1

N-Type connector for radio 2

2.4 Hardware Installation

The following image shows the power installation of AirMax DUO Lite. Note that AirMax DUO Lite is IEEE802.3af compatible, you should use the packed POE kit or POE Switch for power injection.

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2. Installing the AirMax DUO Lite

Pull Out

2.4.1. Pull out the PCBA of AirMax DUO Lite and connect the Ethernet cable to the PoE Port

Put the cable into the cable tray

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2. Installing the AirMax DUO Lite

Plug the cable into the

RJ-45 Port

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2. Installing the AirMax DUO Lite

2.4.2 Connect the Ethernet cable to the PoE Injector

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2.5 Pole Mount/Wall Mount Installation

2. Installing the AirMax DUO Lite

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3. Configuring the AirMax DUO Lite

3.Configuring the

The AirMax DUO Lite offers many different types of management interface. You can configure through standard web browser (http), secured web (https), command line (telnet), secured command shell (SSH, SSH2), and SNMP management. In this chapter, we will explain AirMax DUO Lite’s available management interfaces and how to get into them. Then, we will provide the introduction on Web Management and recommended initial settings.

AirMax DUO Lite

3.1 Important Information

The following information will help you to get start quickly. However, we recommend you to read through the entire manual before you start. Please note the password and SSID are case sensitive.

 The default IP address is: 192.168.1.1 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0  When using Web UI, the login as follow:

 User name: admin

 Password: airlive  When using telnet, the password is: airlive  When using SSH/SSH2, the login as follow:

 Login : root

 Password: airlive  The default radio mode for Wireless1 and Wireless2 is: 802.11a  The default SSID for Radio 1 is: AirLive1  The default SSID for Radio 2 is: AirLive 2  The default wireless mode is : Dual AP Mode  After power on, please wait for 2 minutes for AirMax DUO Lite to finish boot up  Please remember to click on “Apply” for new settings to take effect  Please remember to enter the correct “Distance” parameter in wireless settings.

Failure to do so can result in poor performance.

 The default country code is : United Kingdom

If you are living outside of EU, please go to Operation Mode->Setup->Regulatory Domain to change country.

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3. Configuring the AirMax DUO Lite

Note: Before you starting hardware connection, you are advised to find an appropriate location to place the Access Point. Usually, the best place for the Access Point is at the center of your wireless network, with line of straight to all your wireless stations. Also, remember to adjust the antenna; usually the higher the antenna is placed; the better will be the performance.

3.2 Prepare Your PC

The AirMax DUO Lite can be managed remotely by a PC through either the wired or wireless network. The default IP address of the AirMax DUO Lite is 192.168.1.1 with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0. This means the IP address of the PC should be in the range of 192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.254.

To prepare your PC for management with the AirMax DUO Lite, please do the following:

1. Connect your PC directly to the LAN port on the DC Injector of AirMax DUO Lite

2. Set your PC’s IP address manually to 192.168.1.100 (or other address in the same

subnet)

You are ready now to configure the AirMax DUO Lite using your PC.

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3. Configuring the AirMax DUO Lite

3.3 Management Interface

The AirMax DUO Lite can be configured using one the management interfaces below:

3.3.1 Web Management (HTTP):

You can manage your AirMax DUO Lite by simply typing its IP address in the web browser. Most functions of AirMax DUO Lite can be accessed by web management interface. We recommend using this interface for initial configurations. To begin, simply enter AirMax DUO Lite’s IP address (default is 192.168.1.1) on the web browser. The default user name is “admin”; default password is “airlive”.

3.3.2 Secured Web Management (HTTPS):

HTTPS is also using web browser for configuration. But all the data transactions are securely encrypted using SSL encryption. Therefore, it is a safe and easy way to manage your AirMax DUO Lite. We highly recommend WISP and service provider to use HTTPS for management.

To begin, simply enter https://192.168.1.1 on your web browser. A security alert screen from your browser will pop up. Please click “Continue to this website” to login AirMax DUO Lite.

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3. Configuring the AirMax DUO Lite

After you pass the security warning screen, you will enter the secured web management interface. The default password is “airlive”. Please ignore the “Certificate Error” warning icon, it just notice you that you are in an un-certificated site, you still can configure the AirMax DUO Lite without limitation.

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3. Configuring the AirMax DUO Lite

For more information about Web Management and HTTPS, please make sure to read through “Introduction to Web Management” in this chapter, Chapter 4, and Chapter 5

3.3.3 Command Line Interface (Telnet):

AirMax DUO Lite can be managed through the command line interface (CLI). It is possible to write a text script file, and then paste it into the CLI to execute several commands at once. However, Telnet does not encrypt its message. Therefore, it is not secure. The default Telnet management port is TCP port 23.

To use the CLI, please open the command line window. Then type “telnet 192.168.1.1” to start.

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3. Configuring the AirMax DUO Lite

When asked for password, please enter “airlive”.

To get a list of available command and their usage, please type “help” on the command prompt.

3.3.4 Secure Shell (SSH, SSH2):

SSH is an encrypted Command Line Interface that allow user to send text commands through SSL encryption. Therefore, it provides the added advantage of security comparing to Telnet. As with Telnet, the SSH and SSH2 provide the possibility to write a text script and paste into the CLI interface for multiple command execution. It also makes configuration change across many AirMax DUO Lites easier. The default management port for SSH/SSH2 is TCP/UDP port 22.

To manage via the SSH/SSH2 protocol, you would need a SSH client. Free SSH clients are widely available on the Internet. You can find where to download them by using Internet search engine such as Google. In this guide, we will use a popular SSH/Telnet utility call Putty.

Once you have download and install Putty. Please follow the figure below to make a connection with AirMax DUO Lite:

1. Choose “SSH” as indicated in the diagram

2. Enter the IP address of AirMax DUO Lite

3. Click on “Open” to start the SSH session.

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3. Configuring the AirMax DUO Lite

When the following screen appear, click on “Yes” to continue

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When the following screen appears, please enter “root” for login. Then keyin the “airlive” as default password.

Now you are ready to enter commands

To get a list of available command and their usage, please type “help” on the command prompt.

For more information about Telnet and SSH configuration, please go to Chapter 7 Command Line Interface.

3.3.5 SNMP Management:

The AirMax DUO Lite support SNMPv1/v2 management. If you have SNMP management software, it can manage the AirMax DUO Lite. The AirMax DUO Lite’s SNMP support is as followed:

 SNMP v1/v2 support  SNMP Read/Write Community String  SNMP Trap support  MIB and MIB II Support  Ether-like MIB  IEEE802dot11 MIB  Private MIB

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3.4 Introduction to Web Management

The AirMax DUO Lite offers both normal (http) and secured (https) Web Management interfaces. Their share the same interface and functions, and they can both be accessed through web browsers. The only difference is HTTPS are encrypted for extra security. Therefore, we will discuss them together as “Web Management” on this guide.

3.4.1 Getting into Web Management

Normal Web Management (HTTP)

To get into the Normal Web Management, simply type in the AirMax DUO Lite’s IP address (default IP is 192.168.1.1) into the web browser’s address field.

Secured Web Management (HTTPS)

To get into the Secured Web Management, just type “https://192.168.1.1” into the web browser’s address field. The “192.168.1.1” is AirMax DUO Lite’s default IP address. If the IP address is changed, the address entered in the browser should change also.

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A security warning screen from your browser will then pop-up depending on the browser you use. Please follow step below to clear the security screen.

 Internet Explorer: Select “Continue to this website” to proceed

 Firefox:

 Select “or you can add an exception”

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 Click on “Add Exception”

3. Configuring the AirMax DUO Lite

 Click on “Get Certificate”. Then, please enter AirMax DUO Lite’s IP address.

Finally, please click on “Confirm Security Exception.”

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3.4.2 Welcome Screen and Login

After the procedure above, the Welcome Screen will appear. Welcome Screen gives a brief introduction of the AirMax DUO Lite’s main function category. By clicking on the function category, it will direct you to the corresponding web management menu.

 Wireless Settings: Click on this part will bring you to the wireless operation mode

menu. The AirMax DUO Lite’s wireless settings are different between wireless modes. Only functions that are applicable to the wireless mode will show to simplify configuration. For example, multiple SSID option is only workable for Access Point and AP Router mode. Therefore, the function will only appear in these 2 modes. For this reason, the first step to configure the AirMax DUO Lite is to select the wireless mode. The router mode specific functions are also in this menu category. For explanation of different wireless modes, please refer to Chapter 1.

 System Configuration: All non-wireless and router mode settings are in this category.

The system configurations including changing password, upload firmware, backup configuration, settings PING watchdog, and setting management interface. The default management timeout is 10 minutes; we recommend you should change password and management timeout during the first time login.

 Tools: Discover network status using ping, traceroute tools.

 Device Status: This section for monitoring the status of AirMax DUO Lite. It provides

information on device status, Ethernet status, wireless status, wireless client table, and system log.

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 Help: This is the online help system for quick reference. We still recommend you to

read this user’s guide for more information.

TIPS: You can choose any menu categories to begin; you can switch to other menu later

After you click on the function category, the following screen will appear corresponding to the menu category you selected. The following example is when you selected the “System Configuration”.

If you are placing the AirMax DUO Lite behind router or firewall, you might need to open virtual server ports to AirMax DUO Lite on your firewall/router

 HTTP: TCP Port 80  HTTPS: TCP/UDP Port 443

This procedure is not necessary in most cases unless there is a router/firewall between your PC and AirMax DUO Lite.

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Click to configure wireless settings

3.5 Initial Configuration

We recommend users to browse through AirMax DUO Lite’s web management interface to get an overall picture of the functions and interface. Below are the recommended initial configurations for first time login:

3.5.1 Choose the wireless Operation Modes

The wireless settings of AirMax DUO Lite are dependant on the wireless operation mode you choose. Therefore, the first step is to choose the operation mode. For explanation on when to use what operation mode, please refer to Chapter 1.

When you click on the “Wireless Settings” on the welcome screen or the “Operation Mode” on the top menu bar, the following screen will appear.

Current Wireless Mode

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Follow the example below to change to “Client + AP” mode

1. Select “Client + AP” mode

2. Click on “change mode” button

3. The AP will reboot, wait for about one minute

3. Configuring the AirMax DUO Lite

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3.5.2 Change the Device’s IP Address

The default IP address is at 192.168.1.1. You should change it to the same subnet as your network. Also, if you want to manage AirMax DUO Lite remotely, you have to set the Gateway and DNS server information.

To setup the IP settings for AirMax DUO Lite, please select “System Configuration” -> Device IP Settings”. After entering the IP information, click on “Apply” to finish.

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3.5.3 Change the Country Code

The legal frequency and channels in 5GHz spectrum varies between countries. The default country code is United Kingdom which should require no changes If you are living in Europe. If you are living outside EU, you should change the country code accordingly. In the example below, we will change the country code to United States which enables the use of 5.8GHz spectrum.

Step 1. Select “Operation Mode” -> “Setup”

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Step 2. From the Regulatory Domain, please select your country and click on “Apply”

to finish

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3.5.4 Set the Time and Date

It is important that you set the date and time for your AirMax DUO Lite so that the system log will record the correct date and time information. Please go to “System Configuration”

->Time Settings. We recommend you choose “Enable NTP” so the time will be keep even after reboot. If your AirMax DUO Lite is not connected to Internet, please enter the time manually. Please remember to select your local time zone and click “Apply” to finish.

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3.5.5 Change System Management

It is recommended that you change the system management settings first. Please go to “System Configuration”-> “System Management”. The default web management timeout is 10 minutes; you can set to longer period if needed. For WISP administrators, you can consider turning off HTTP and Telnet for security purpose.

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3.5.6 Change Password

You should change the password for AirMax DUO Lite at the first login. To change password, please go to “System Configuration” -> “Password Settings” menu.

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4.Wireless and WAN

In this chapter, we will explain about the wireless settings and router mode settings in web management interface. Please be sure to read through Chapter 3’s “Introduction to Web Management” and “Initial Configurations” first. For system configurations, device status, and other non-wireless related settings; please go to Chapter 5.

Settings

4.1 About AirMax DUO Lite Menu Structure

The AirMax DUO Lite’s web management menu is divided into 4 main sections: Operation Modes, System Configurations, Tools and Device Status. The main menus’ options are

always displayed on the top of the web management page. Within each main menu category, there are sub-menu options which are displayed on the side of the web management page.

Top Menu Bar

Side Menu Bar

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 Operation Mode: This menu is where you will find wireless and WAN settings. The

AirMax DUO Lite’s wireless settings are dependant on the wireless operation mode you choose; only the applicable wireless settings for selected operation mode are shown. For example; WAN port setting is available only for AP Router and WISP Router mode, it will only be shown in those modes. To access wireless settings, click on the “Setup” button within each operation mode. For explanation on different wireless modes, please refer to Chapter 1. We will talk about functions in this menu for this chapter.

 System Configuration: All settings besides Wireless and WAN functions are in this

category. The system configuration including changing password, upload firmware, backup configuration, settings PING watchdog, and setting management interface. We will talk about this menu’s function in Chapter 5.

 Tools: Discover network status using ping, traceroute and other tools

 Device Status: This section for monitoring the status of AirMax DUO Lite. It provides

information on device status, Ethernet status, wireless status, wireless client table, and system log.

 Logout: Please make sure to Logout after you finish all settings.

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4. Wireless and WAN Settings

This tells your

Sele

ct one of the

Configure Wireless and WAN

After you select the

4.2 General Wireless Settings

When you select “Wireless Settings” in the welcome screen, or click on the “Operation Mode” on the top menu; the following screen will appear:

current operation mode now

wireless operation modes here

settings

new operation mode, click here to change.

 Mode: The available wireless operation modes for AirMax DUO Lite. Select one and

click on “Change Mode” button to switch between modes.

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 Setup: Click here to configure the Wireless and WAN (in router mode) settings.

Once you click on the “Setup” page, the wireless settings will appear

The AirMax DUO Lite device provides all 14 modes of wireless operational applications with:

Wireless Mode Radio 1 (11a) Radio 2 (11a or b/g)

Dual AP Access Point Access Point

Duplex WDS Bridge WDS Bridge

Dual WDS Bridge WDS Bridge WDS Bridge

Separate Bridge WDS Bridge WDS Bridge

AP + Client Access Point Wireless Client

Client + AP Wireless Client Access Point AP + WDS Bridge Access Point WDS Bridge WDS Bridge + AP WDS Bridge Access Point

WDS + Gateway WDS Bridge Gateway (AP Router) Gateway + WDS Gateway (AP Router) WDS Bridge

AP + Gateway Access Point Gateway (AP Router) Gateway + AP Gateway (AP Router) Access Point

AP + WISP AP Router WISP Bridge

WISP + AP WISP Bridge AP Router

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4.2.1 Regulatory Domain

Operation Mode -> Setup -> Regulatory Domain

The legal frequency and channels in 5GHz spectrum varies between countries. Please select your country from here. There is a special domain called “Test Domain” which will show all the channels. It is for compatibility testing only. Please make sure the channel you used is allowed in your country when select this special domain.

4.2.2 Network SSID

Operation Mode -> Setup -> Network SSID

The SSID is the network name used to identify a wireless network. The SSID must be the same for all devices in the same wireless network. In AirMax DUO Lite, it is possible to create more than one SSID in AP and AP Router mode, please check the “Multiple SSID & VLAN” section in this chapter. Conversely, several access points on a network can have the same SSID. The SSID length is up to 32 characters. The default SSID is “airlive”.

 Enable Radio 1/2: The default wireless is on. You can uncheck this box to disable

wireless interface.

 Disable SSID Broadcasting: If you check this box, the SSID will be hidden; only users

who know the SSID can associate with this network.

4.2.3 Site Survey

Operation Mode -> Setup -> Site Survey

The Site Survey function in AirMax DUO Lite provides 4 important functions

 In Client and Bridge Infrastructure mode, site survey will scan for available AP

network. Then allow user to select and connect to the AP. These greatly simplify the installation.

 Once Site Survey displays the available AP or Bridge networks, you can

select a particular SSID to display its RSSI value continuously. This function is called “Signal Survey”. Signal Survey can be used for antenna alignment.

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Click here to select

For antenna alignment,

To connect with the selected

 For WDS Bridge mode, the Site Survey will scan for available AP and Bridge

networks. User can then find the MAC address (BSSID) of the remote Bridges.

 For AP and AP router mode, the Site Survey allows administrator to check

what channels are already occupied for choosing a cleaner channel.

When you click on Site Survey, the following screen will appear. It might take a few minutes to scan all the channels in the 5GHz spectrum.

SSID for Association or Signal Survey

it will display and update RSSI value once a second

SSID, this function is available only in Client Infrastructure or Bridge Infrastructure

 Associate: Please choose a SSID before click on this button. This button is available

only in Client Infrastructure or Bridge Infrastructure modes. Once you click on this button, AirMax DUO Lite will attempt to make a connection with the selected ESSID. If there is encryption needed, the AirMax DUO Lite will prompt you to enter the encryption key. Please make sure you enter the correct encryption key, the AirMax DUO Lite will not check whether the encryption key is correct.

 RSSI: RSSI is a value to show the Receiver Sensitivity of the AirMax DUO Lite. In

general, remote APs with stronger signal will display higher RSSI values. For RSSI value, the smaller the absolute value is, the stronger the signal. For example, “-50db” has stronger signal than “-80dB”. For long range connection, signal stronger than

-60dB is considered as a good connection.

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4.2.4 Signal Survey

Operation Mode -> Setup -> Site Survey -> Signal Survey

The Signal Survey will continuously display the RSSI value of the selected SSID for antenna alignment purpose. To use Signal Survey function, please enter the “Site Survey” function first; please refer to the instruction in the above section. Once you select the ESSID and click on the “Signal Survey” button, the following screen will appear.

 BSSID: This is the remote AP’s MAC address.

 Channel: The current scanned channel

 Signal Strength: This is the RSSI value. It will refresh itself every second. The smaller

the absolute value of the RSSI, the stronger the signal. For example -38dbm is stronger than -70dBm.

4.2.5 Radio Mode

Operation Mode -> Setup -> Radio Mode

All devices in the same network should use the same WLAN mode.

11a mode (normal-A): This is the IEEE standard for WiFi operating in 5GHz frequency band. 11a is the most stable mode.

4.2.6 Channel

Operation Mode -> Setup -> Channel

The channel is the frequency range used by radio. In 802.11a standard, each channel occupies 20MHz width. For 2 wireless devices to connect, they must use the same channel.

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The number of available legal channels might be different between countries. For example, Channel 149 to 161 are available only to United States and a few other countries. If you are living outside EU, please change the country from the “Regulatory Domain” option in this page. Below is the table list of channels and frequency.

Frequency Domain Channel Frequency (MHz)

100 5500

104 5520

108 5540

112 5560

5.47 to 5.725GHz U-NII World Wide ETSI Band3

116 5580

120 5600

124 5620

128 5640

132 5660

136 5680

140 5700

 Every 5MHz: Check this option will display all the channel numbers regardless of what

channel width is elected. For example, when you select “20MHz” for channel width, check this option will display channels “36, 37, 38, 39, 40….” Instead of “36, 40, 44…etc). This allow you to use a non-standard channel to avoid interference or for privacy purpose.

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4.2.7 Channel Width

Operation Mode -> Setup -> Channel Width

In 802.11a spec, each channel occupies 20MHz channel width. Therefore, each channel will jump by number of 4 (i.e. 36, 40, 44…etc).

 Normal (20MHz): This is the default channel width specified by IEEE 802.11a

specification

4.2.8 Security Settings

Operation Mode -> Setup -> Security Settings

Security settings allow you to use encryption to secure your data from eavesdropping. You can select different security policy to provide association authentication and/or data encryption. The AirMax DUO Lite features various security policies including WEP, 802.1x, WPA, WPA-PSK, WPA2, WPA2-PSK, WPA-Auto, and WPA-PSK-Auto. Please note not all security policies are available in all operation modes. For example, only WEP is available currently in WDS Bridge mode and Client Ad hoc mode. All wireless devices on the same network must use the same security policy. We recommend using WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK whenever possible. For WDS Bridge and Client Ad hoc mode, we recommend using WEP-152 encryption.

WEP: WEP Encryption is the oldest and most available encryption method. However, it is also the least secure. Due to the limitation of the chipset, only WEP encryption is available for WDS Bridge Pure MAC mode and Client Ad-hoc mode.

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 Select one of the WEP key for wireless network: There are total of 4

possible keys for WEP encryption. You need to choose which key will be used for encryption. All wireless devices on the same network have to use the same settings. We recommend using WEP Key 1 as in default setting.

 WEP Keys: Please enter the WEP keys used for encryption. You need to fill

at least the “Select WEP Key”. For example; if you choose “Encrypt Data with WEP Key 1” in the previous field, then it is necessary to fill WEP Key 1. The length of key is dependant on the Key Length and Key type you choose.

Key Length: The AirMax DUO Lite offers 64bit, 128 bit, and 152 bit for WEP key length. The longer the Key Length, the more secure the encryption is.

Key Type: 2 types are available: ASCII and HEX. ASCII is a string of ASCII code including alphabetical characters, space, signs and numbers (i.e. “airlivepass12”). HEX is a string of 16-bit hexadecimal digits (0..9, a, b, c, d, e, f). All wireless devices on the network must match the exact key length and Key type. Some Wireless clients only allow HEX type for WEP.

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ASCII-64: This is a key with 64-bit key length of ASCII type. Please enter 5 ASCII Characters if you choose this option. For example, “passw”

HEX-64: This is a key with 64-bit key length of HEX type. Please enter 10 Hexadecimal digits if you choose this option. For example, “12345abcdef”

ASCII-128: This is a key with 64-bit key length of ASCII type. Please enter 13 ASCII Characters if you choose this option. For example, “airlivewepkey”

HEX-128: This is a key with 128-bit key length of HEX type. Please enter 26 Hexadecimal digits if you choose this option. For example, “1234567890abcdef1234567890”

ASCII-152: This is a key with 64-bit key length of ASCII type. Please enter 16 ASCII Characters if you choose this option. For example, “airlivewepkey123”

HEX-152: This is a key with 128-bit key length of HEX type. Please enter 32 Hexadecimal digits if you choose this option. For example, “1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef”

802.1x: 802.1x allows users to leverage a RADIUS server to do association authentications.

You can also enable dynamic WEP key (128 bit) to have data encryption. You do not have to enter the WEP key manually because it will be generated automatically and dynamically.

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 Rekey interval is time period that the system will change the key periodically.

The shorter the interval is, the better the security is.

To Enable RADIUS Server:

 Server IP: The IP address of the RADIUS server.

 Port Number: The port number that your RADIUS server uses for

authentication. The default setting is 1812.

 Shared Secret: This is used by your RADIUS server in the Shared Secret

field in RADIUS protocol messages. The shared secret configured in the AIRMAX DUO LITE must match the shared secret configured in the RADIUS server. The shared secret can contain up to 64 alphanumeric characters.

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WPA, WPA2, WPA-AUTO: Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) introduces the Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) that provides added security. WPA2 adds full support for 802.11i standard and the CCMP (AES Encryption). The WPA-AUTO tries to authenticate wireless clients using WPA or WPA2. All 3 requires a RADIUS server available in order to do authentication (same as 802.1x), thus there is no shared key required.

 Encryption Type: There are two encryption types TKIP and CCMP (AES).

While CCMP provides better security than TKIP, some wireless client stations may not be equipped with the hardware to support it. You can select “Both” to allow TKIP clients and CCMP clients to connect to the Access Point at the same time.

 Group Rekey Interval: A group key is used for multicast/broadcast data, and

the re-key interval is time period that the system will change the group key periodically. The shorter the interval is, the better the security is. The default is 300 sec.

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 WPA-PSK, WPA2-PSK, WPA-PSK-Auto: Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) with

Pre-Shared Key (PSK) provides better security than WEP keys. It does not require a RADIUS server in order to provide association authentication, but you do have to enter a shared key for the authentication purpose. The encryption key is generated automatically and dynamically. WPA2-PSK adds CCMP and AES encryption for even better security. WPA-PSK-AUTO tries to authenticate wireless clients using WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK.

 Pre-shared Key: This is an ASCII string with 8 to 63 characters. Please make

sure that both the AIRMAX DUO LITE and the wireless client stations use the same key.

 Encryption Type: There are two encryption types TKIP and CCMP (AES).

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 Group Rekey Interval: A group key is used for multicast/broadcast data, and

the re-key interval is time period that the system will change the group key periodically. The shorter the interval is, the better the security is. The default is 300 sec.

4.2.9 Distance

Operation Mode -> Setup -> Distance

Please enter the distance to the remote wireless device here. The AirMax DUO Lite will then calculate the appropriate ACK Timeout value automatically. It is very important that you enter the correct distance for long distance connection. Failure to do so will result in poor performance.

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4.2.10 Advance Settings

Operation Mode -> Setup -> Advance Settings

This page includes all the wireless settings that change the RF behaviors of AirMax DUO Lite. It is important to read through this section before attempting to make changes.

 Beacon Interval: Beacon Interval: The device broadcasts beacon frames regularly to

announce its existence. The beacon Interval specifies how often beacon frames are transmitted in time unit of milliseconds. The default value is 100, and a valid value should be between 1 and 65,535.

 RTS Threshold: RTS/CTS frames are used to gain control of the medium for

transmission. Any unicast (data or control) frames larger than specified RTS threshold must be transmitted following the RTS/CTS handshake exchange mechanism. The RTS threshold should have a value between 256-2347 bytes, with a default of 2347. It is recommended that this value does not deviate from the default too much.

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 Fragmentation: When the size of a unicast frame exceeds the fragmentation

threshold, it will be fragmented before the transmission. It should have a value of 256-2346 bytes, with a default of 2346. If you experience a high packet error rate, you should slightly decrease the Fragmentation Threshold.

 DTIM Interval: The AirMax DUO Lite buffers packets for stations that operate in the

power-saving mode. The Delivery Traffic Indication Message (DTIM) informs such power-conserving stations that there are packets waiting to be received by them. The DTIM interval specifies how often the beacon frame should contain DTIMs. It should have a value between 1 to 255, with a default value of 3.

 User Limitation: This limitation applies to number of wireless clients the device can

associate. If you need to serve wireless connection to large number of users in one location. You can deploy many APs and limit the number of wireless clients, so any additional wireless connection attempt will be rejected (therefore, redirect to other AP). The range of user limitation is from 1 to 100.

 Age Out Timer: Set the age out timer for the wireless client. If there is no traffic from

client for more than the timer, the wireless client will be dropped. The default is 300 sec. This function is available only for the Access Point and AP router mode.

 Transmit Power: You can adjust the transmit output power of the AirMax DUO Lite’s

radio from 10dBm to 24dBm. The higher the output power, the more distance AirMax DUO Lite can deliver. However, it is advised that you use just enough output power so it will not create excessive interference for the environment. Also, using too much power at close distance can create serious performance drop due to signal distortion. At less than 200meter distance, the best output power is about 14dBm. At 2km distance; the best output power setting is 18dBm for “11a”.

 Rate Control: Select here to change the Data Rate for the radio. Lower data rate

sometimes provide longer distance. In most cases, however, we recommend to keep the setting at “Best”.

 AckTimeOut: When a packet is sent out from one wireless station to the other, it will

wait for an Acknowledgement frame from the remote station. The station will only wait for a certain amount of time; this time is called the ACK timeout. If the ACK is NOT received within that timeout period then the packet will be re-transmitted resulting in reduced throughput. If the ACK setting is too high, then throughput will be lost due to waiting for the ACK Window to timeout on lost packets.

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If the ACK setting is too low then the ACK window will have expired and the returning packet will be dropped, greatly lowering throughput. By having the ability to adjust the ACK setting we can effectively optimize the throughput over long distance links.

The easiest way to enter AckTimeOut value is by entering the distance in “Operation Mode -> Setup -> Distance”. The AirMax DUO Lite will then calculate and enter the correct value for you. Press the “Apply” button to begin the calculation.

 AckTimeOut Calculator: Users may also use the ACK calculator to determine the

AckTimeOut value before applying to AirMac DUO.

 Enable Radio eXtended Range: XR is Atheros eXtended technology to increase

range. When XR is turned on, the radio can increase the receiver sensitivity greatly. However, performance may be reduced significantly also. Use this mode only if you can trade more distance for lower performance.

 Enable privacy separator: Select the check box to prohibit data transmission

between client stations. This function is also known as “Client Isolation”.

 Enable 802.1d STP: Enable the Spanning Tree Protocol to prevent forming a network

loop. This option is especially important for WDS Bridge mode.

 Enable 802.11d: Also known as “Global Roaming”. 802.11d is a standard for use in

countries where systems using other standards in the 802.11 family are not allowed to operate.

4.2.11 Access Control (ACL)

Operation Mode -> Setup -> Access Control

The AirMax DUO Lite allows you to define a list of MAC addresses that are allowed or denied to access the wireless network. This function is available only for Access Point and AP Router modes.

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 Disable MAC address control list: When selected, no MAC address filtering will be

performed.

 Enable GRANT address control list: When selected, data traffic from only the

specified devices in the table will be allowed in the network.

 Enable DENY address control list: When selected, data traffic from the devices

specified in the table will be denied/discarded by the network.

To add a MAC address into the table, enter a Mnemonic Name and the MAC Address, and then click Add. The table lists all configured MAC Filter entries.

To delete entries, check the corresponding Select boxes and then press Delete Selected.

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Click here to Apply changes in

4.2.12 Multiple SSID

Operation Mode -> Setup -> Multiple SSID

This function is available only for Access Point and AP Router modes. Multiple SSID allows AirMax DUO Lite to create up to 4 different wireless networks (SSID). It is also known as “Virtual AP” function. Each SSID can have its Encryption type, VLAN Tag, and TOS settings. In the following diagram, the AirMax DUO Lite uses Multiple SSID function to create separate Bridge and Client network. Each has its own encryption policies.

Configuring the Multiple SSID

When you click on the “Multiple SSID” button, the following screen will appear.

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This is the default

SSID

Click here to apply changes

4. Wireless and WAN Settings

on adding or deleting SSID

How to add a SSID

You can add up to 4 SSID in AirMax DUO Lite. Please follow the procedure below:

1. Enter the SSID name (i.e. BridgeNet)

2. Select the Security Policy (i.e. WPA-PSK)

3. Enter the Security Key (i.e. BridgeNetKey).

4. Click on “Apply” to add SSID

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How to Modify or Delete a SSID

Please follow the procedure below:

1. Select the SSID you want to modify or delete

2. The SSID’s settings will be displayed in the box area. Modify any settings.

3. Click on “Apply” to complete the modification

4. Or click on “Delete Selected” to delete the SSID

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Click here to Apply changes in

Configure the VLAN and DiffServ Markings

When you check the Enable VLAN for All SSIDs and/or Enable DiffServ Marking, the following screen will appear:

“VLAN” and “DiffServe Marking”

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Default SSID and

VLAN group

 Enable VLAN for All SSIDs: Once this function is enabled, you can specify an

individual VLAN ID and priority tag for each SSID. The packets from a SSID will be forwarded to the Ethernet with the corresponding configured VLAN ID written. You

need to click on the top “APPLY” button after making changes.

 Enable DiffServ Marking: When this function is enabled, you can configure a DSCP

value for each SSID. Then a packet from a station using this SSID will be forwarded

 VLAN ID: Packets going out of this VLAN will be tagged with the VLAN ID Packets

AirLive AirMax DUO Lite User’s Manual

with the DSCP value labeled. You need to click on the top “APPLY” button after making changes.

coming into the AP will be dropped if the VLAN Tag does not match. The valid range is between 0 to 4095. The VLAN ID “0” is the default VLAN group.

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 VLAN IP: Each SSID can be given with different VLAN IP group. Please notice that the

management IP in the VLAN will also be changed. For example, if you define the VLAN IP to be 192.168.2.X subnet, then the AirMax DUO Lite’s management IP in the group will change to 192.168.2.1.

 VLAN IP NetMask: Define your VLAN IP scope here

 802.1p Priority: Define your 802.1p priority Tag here. Value from 0 to 7

 Select DSCP TYPE: Assign the 6-digit DifferServ Code (DSCP) for the packets in the

SSID network for QoS purpose. There are 8 preset values. To assign your own value, please select “Best Effort”

 DSCP Value: When you select “Best Effort” DSCP Type, you can enter the 6-dgit

DSCP Value here.

 Select Security Policy: Select the encryption used for this SSID VLAN group. This

policy can be different in each SSID VLAN group. For example, one SSID can be using WEP; the other policy can use WPA-PSK.

Once you enable the VLAN ID. The incoming packet from Ethernet port to your VLAN group must carry the same VLAN ID tag or the packet will be dropped.

4.2.13 WMM QoS Setting

Operation Mode -> Setup -> WMM QoS Setting

Wi-Fi Multimedia (WMM) is a standard to prioritize traffic for multimedia applications. The WMM Settings is to specify parameters on multiple data queue for better performance of differentiated wireless traffic like Voice-over-IP (VoIP), other types of audio, video, and streaming media as well as traditional IP data over the AP.

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Configure the WMM QoS Parameters

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 AC Type

The queue and associated priorities and parameters for transmission are as follows:

 Data 0 (Best Effort, BE): Medium priority queue, medium throughput anddel

ay. Most traditional IP data is sent to this queue.

 Data 1 (Background, BK): Lowest priority queue, high throughput. Bulk data

that requires maximum throughput and is not time-sensitive is sent to this queue (FTP data, for example):

 Data 2 (Video, VI): High priority queue, minimum delay. Time-sensitive data

such as Video and other streaming media are automatically sent to this queue.

 Data 3 (Voice, VO): Highest priority queue, minimum delay. Time-sensitive

data such as Voice over IP (VoIP) is automatically sent to this queue.

Packets in a higher priority queue will be transmitted before packets in a lower priority queue.

 ECWmin and ECWmax

If an access point detects that the medium is in use, it uses the DCF random backoff timer to determine the amount of time to wait before attempting to access a given channel again. Each access point waits some random period of time between retries. The wait time (initially a random value within a range specified as the Minimum

Contention Window increases exponentially up to a specified limit Maximum Contention Window.

The random delay avoids most of the collisions that would occur if multiple APs got access to the medium at the same time and tried to transmit data simultaneously. The more active users you have on a network, the more significant the performance gains of the backoff timer will be in reducing the number of collisions and retransmissions.

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The random backoff used by the access point is a configurable parameter. To describe the random delay, a "Minimum Contention Window" (ECWMin) and a "Maximum Contention Window" (ECWMax) is defined.

 ECWmin: The value specified for the Minimum Contention Window is the

upper limit of a range for the initial random backoff wait time. The number used in the random backoff is initially a random number between 0 and the number defined for the Minimum Contention Window.

 ECWmax: If the first random backoff time ends before successful

transmission of the data frame, the access point increases a retry counter, and doubles the value of the random backoff window. The value specified in the Maximum Contention Window is the upper limit for this doubling of the random backoff. This doubling continues until either the data frame is sent or the Maximum Contention Window size is reached.

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We recommend that you use the default settings on the WMM QoS

 AIFS

The Arbitration Inter-Frame Spacing (AIFs) specifies a wait time (in milliseconds) for data frames. 802.11e uses interframe spaces to regulate which frames get access to available channels and to coordinate wait times for transmission of different types of data. The AIFs ensures that multiple access points do not try sending data at the same time but instead wait until a channel is free. Valid values for AIFs are 1 through 255.

 Transmission Opportunity

The Transmission Opportunity (TXOP) is an interval of time when a WMM client station has the right to initiate transmissions onto the wireless medium. This value specifies (in milliseconds) the Transmission Opportunity (TXOP) for client stations; that is, the interval of time when a WMM client station has the right to initiate transmissions on the wireless network.

page. Changing these values can lead to unexpected blockages of traffic on your wireless LAN, and the blockages might be difficult to diagnose.

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4.2.14 RADIUS Settings

Operation Mode -> Setup -> Security Settings -> RADIUS Setting

RADIUS servers provide centralized authentication services to wireless clients. Two RADIUS servers can be defined: one acts as a primary, and the other acts as a secondary backup. If you choose to use 802.1x, WPA, or WPA2 as security policy, you might need to set the RADIUS server settings.

To Enable RADIUS Server:

 Server IP: The IP address of the RADIUS server.

 Port Number: The port number that your RADIUS server uses for

authentication. The default setting is 1812.

 RADIUS Type: RADIUS

 Shared Secret: This is used by your RADIUS server in the Shared Secret

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4. Wireless and WAN Settings

Check to

Select

After enabling Bandwidth

Settings for Total

Settings for Per

User

 RADIUS Server Reattempt Period: The number of times the AIRMAX DUO

LITE should attempt to contact the primary server before giving up

4.2.15 Bandwidth Control

Operation Mode -> Setup -> Bandwidth Control

Bandwidth Control can limit the maximum speed of entire wireless interface or individual device. It is also known as Traffic Shaping. The AirMax DUO Lite provides both Total Bandwidth and Per-User Bandwidth Control for both uplink and downlink speed. It controls the speed of both wireless and wired interface.

To configure, please click on the “Bandwidth Control” button under wireless settings. The following screen will appear:

enable Bandwidth Control

Total

or Per User control here

Bandwidth Control

Control and selecting “Total” or “Per User” type, click here to Apply

Bandwidth Control

Enable Bandwidth: Check to enable Bandwidth Control. Uncheck to disable it. The default

value is disabled.

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You must select between Total Bandwidth and Per-User Bandwidth. They can not be enabled at the same time.

 Total Bandwidth: Total Bandwidth control limit the bandwidth between

Wireless and Ethernet interface. Therefore, it is most suitable for Client Infrastructure Mode, Bridge Mode, and WISP Router Mode. For WISP operator who use AirMax DUO Lite as the client side device; setting the Total Bandwidth control on the AirMax DUO Lite will easy the loading on the AP for bandwidth management. To begin, please enable the Bandwidth Management first. Then enter the downlink and uplink speed; click on Apply to finish.

 Total Downlink Speed: Enter speed you wish to limit the download traffic

in Kbps units.

 Total Uplink Speed: Enter the speed you wish to limit the upload traffic in

Kbps units.

Per User Bandwidth Control: Per user Bandwidth Control can limit speed of individual PC and network device. The AirMax DUO Lite allows multiple Per-User bandwidth rules and can limit the bandwidth by IP address, MAC address, or IP segment. Please first enable the Bandwidth Control, then select “Per User Bandwidth Control” to begin. It is recommended to use this type of bandwidth control for Access Point and AP Router mode.

 Per User Control Options

 Description: Enter a description for the bandwidth policy. For example,

“VIP” subscriber

 Type: AirMax DUO Lite offers 3 types of Per-User Control

IP Address: To limit the bandwidth of one single IP address.

IP Segment: To limit the bandwidth the entire IP segment.

For example; if you enter the address of 192.168.1.20 with subnet mask of

255.255.255.248, the AirMax DUO Lite will limit bandwidth of IP addresses from

192.168.1.17 to 192.168.1.22. Please use an online IP calculate if you are not familiar with IP segment calculation. Below is an example link:

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http://www.subnet-calculator.com/

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4. Wireless and WAN Settings

is available only in WISP router and AP Router

Enter the speed you wish to limit the download traffic in kbps

Because the Ethernet interface is also controlled by the Bandwidth Manager, it is recommended that devices on the Ethernet side to use a wider IP subnet mask that will cover the IP range of the controlled IP segment. Therefore, the devices on Ethernet interface will not be limited by bandwidth control and still can communicate with the IP segment. For example, if your IP segment is set to 192.168.1.20 / 255.255.255.248, then the devices on the Ethernet side should be 192.168.1.X / 255.255.255.0.

 MAC address: To limit the bandwidth of one single MAC address

 Port Range: This

mode. It can limit the bandwidth by application ports.

 Application: This option is available only in WISP router and AP Router

mode. It can limit the bandwidth of HTTP, FTP, BitTorrent, and eDonkey traffic.

 Downlink Max:

 Uplink Max: Enter the speed you wish to limit the upload traffic in kbps

Example 1: Total Bandwidth Control

In this example, the AirMax DUO Lite is in Client Infrastructure mode connecting to a remote AP. We want to limit the Bandwidth of the link to 2048Kbps download and 512kbps Upload.

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4. Wireless and WAN Settings

Step 1

From Operation Mode menu, select “Setup” -> “Bandwidth Control”

Step 2 ~ 5

Enable the Bandwidth Control and select the “Total Bandwidth Control”. Then enter the “2048” for Total Downlink Speed and “512”kbps for Total Uplink Speed. Click “Apply” to finish

Example 2: Per User Bandwidth Control

In this example, the AirMax DUO Lite is Access Point mode. There is a wireless client connecting to AirMax DUO Lite with MAC address of 00:04:6F:11:11:11. We want to limit the bandwidth of the wireless client to 1024 downstream and 512K upstream using AirMax DUO Lite’s Per-User Bandwidth Control.

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4. Wireless and WAN Settings

Step 1

Enable Bandwidth Control and select “Per User Bandwidth Control”

Step 2

Enter Description for this policy (Wireless Client)

Step 3

Select “MAC Address”, and then enter the MAC address of the wireless client.

Step 4

Enter the downlink speed as “1024” and uplink speed as “512”.

Step 5

Click on “Add” button to add the bandwidth policy

Step 6

This new policy should appear on the button. You can enable/disable it.

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4. Wireless and WAN Settings

4 5

4.2.16 RSSI LED Threshold

Operation Mode (Client/Bridge Mode) -> Setup -> RSSI LED Threshold

The AirMax DUO Lite is equipped with 2 LEDs to indicate the signal strength of current connection or data traffic indicator. It is very useful in helping you to align the antenna or monitor the data flow status. There are two types of RSSI LED Thresholds which are “Traffic Mode” and “Installation Mode”. Please note that this setting only appears in Client and Bridge modes.

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4. Wireless and WAN Settings

 Traffic Mode: Indicates the data traffic transmission of current connection.

 LED steady on when Radio is enabled  Blink once per second when connection established

 Installation Mode: Indicates the signal strength of current connection and

helps installer to align the antenna for the best reception.

 Weak Signal: -80dBm, flash every 2 seconds  Medium Signal: -60dBm, flash every second  Strong Signal: -40dBm, flash twice per second  Full Signal: -20dBm, steady On

The RSSI LEDs are working only when the connection is established. Therefore, please make sure all wireless settings are correct and the connection is established.

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4.3 AP Specific Settings

The Access Point mode is the most basic mode of multi-function Access Point. In this mode, the AP will act as a central hub for different Wireless LAN clients. Some hotspot Access Points requires 802.1x authenticator function to authenticate a user before providing internet service.

Access Point mode included in these operation modes: Dual AP, AP + Client, Client + AP, AP + WDS Bridge, WDS Bridge + AP, AP + Gateway, Gateway + AP, AP + WISP and WISP + AP modes.

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4. Wireless and WAN Settings

Enable Radio: Use this check box to turn on or turn off the radio.

 Network ID (SSID): This is to change your SSID.

 Disable SSID Broadcasting: Enable the check box if you want to hide your

SSID in the network. This prevent an un-welcomed client survey your radio.

 Radio Mode: Connection modes on AirMax DUO Lite and its wireless client.

Note that the client must support the same mode as AirMax DUO Lite to connect.

 Channel: 11a supports channel 100 to 140. 11g depends on the country,

USA/Canada supports channel 1 to 11, Europe supports channel 1 to 13, Japan supports channel 1 to 14, France supports channel 10 to 13, and Span supports channel 10 to 11.

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 Enable Radio eXtended Range: Check this box to extend the wireless

coverage range, this is provided by Atheros’s eXtended Range (XR) technology.

 Enable Client Isolation (Privacy Separator): This is to prohibit data

transmission between each wireless client stations.

 Enable 802.11d: This is to prevent network loop applying to the spanning tree

standard. This option can be found under the “Advanced Wireless Settings”

4.4 WDS Specific Settings

In this mode, 2 access points in two remote locations connect to each other to provide a wireless bridge between 2 remote LANs. It is mostly used by enterprise to connect 2 remote office’s network together. The bridge modes are connected by using the WDS (Wireless Distribution System) technology.

Local Area Network

In this section, we will talk about the WDS Settings which is available only in WDS Bridge (Pure MAC) mode. WDS Bridges are using BSSID (AP’s Wireless MAC address) to authenticate each other. Therefore, it is necessary to know the remote Bridge’s wireless MAC addresses. You can always do a “Site Survey” to find out the MAC Addresses.

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4. Wireless and WAN Settings

This is where you

s information.

Here are the

After you add

When you click on WDS settings, the following screen will appear:

encryption key settings for WEP. Please make sure all bridges in the WDS network enter the same keys.

enter the remote Bridge’ The SSID must be different between each Bridge.

a remote Bridge, it will be display here. Up to 4 entries are possible

WEP Key: You can set up to 4 keys; each key can have different Key Length and Key type.

When you add an entry to the WDS setting and select WEP encryption, the system will ask you which key to use. All devices on the network must have the same sets of keys, but each link can have use different key. We recommend using WEP-152 whenever possible for better security.

Adding a new WDS link

The WDS links are created by entering the remote Bridge’s information. This process must be repeated on both side of the bridge.

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4. Wireless and WAN Settings

 Name: This is the name for the WDS Link. You can enter any name for your

own reference (i.e. WarehouseLink).

 SSID: SSID is the network ID for the wireless link. If you have more than one

WDS link or if you want to make WDS connection with Mikrotik devices, this field is required. Each WDS Link must have a different SSID name. If you only have one WDS link, you can leave this field empty.

 MAC Address: Please enter the remote bridge’s wireless MAC address in

this field. This wireless SSID can be found on the device label. You can also use Site Survey function to assist you.

 Select Security Settings: You can choose to use WEP encryption for better

security. It is necessary to enter the same set of keys in the same WDS network. When you select WEP, the AirMax DUO Lite will ask you to select from one of the 4 keys. Please be sure to select the same key on both side of the link.

 Press Add to finish

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4. Wireless and WAN Settings

4.5 Client Mode Specific Settings

Client mode is also known as Ethernet Client. In this mode, the AP will act as a WLAN card to connect with the remote AP. Users can connect PC or local LAN to the Ethernet port of local LAN to the Ethernet port of the client mode AP. This mode is mostly used as a CPE device for WISP subscriber.

Client mode included in these operation modes: AP + Client, Client + AP, AP + WISP, and WISP + AP.

1. To connect to an access point, use the “Site Survey” button to find the Access Point.

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4. Wireless and WAN Settings

2. The Site Survey pop up window then shows up and lists available access point with relative information.

Click here to show the signal strength of the selected access point.

Select the access point you want to connect and then click the “ASSOCIATE” button.

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3. The Signal Survey pop up windows shows as following:

4. After the access point is selected, its SSID shows automatically in the Network ID

(SSID) field.

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4. Wireless and WAN Settings

4.6 Gateway (AP Router) Specific Settings

In Gateway mode, router functions are added between one Ethernet port and other network interfaces. Therefore, the ISP subscriber can share the ISP connection without need for extra router.

Internet

Gateway mode acts both in AP and Router which included in these operation modes: AP + Gateway and Gateway + AP.

AirLive AirMax DUO Lite User’s Manual

AirLive AirMax DUO Lite User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

1. Introduction

1.1 Overview

1.2 How to Use This Guide

1.3 Firmware Upgrade and Tech Support

1.4 Feature

1.5 Wireless Operation Modes

1.5.1 Dual AP Mode

1.5.2 Duplex Mode

1.5.3 Dual WDS Bridge Mode

1.5.4 Separate Bridge Mode

1.5.5 AP + Client / Client + AP Mode

1.5.6 AP + WDS Bridge / WDS Bridge + AP Mode

1.5.7 WDS + Gateway / Gateway + WDS Mode

1.5.8 AP + Gateway / Gateway + AP Mode

1.5.9 AP + WISP / WISP + AP Mode

2. Installing the AirMax DUO Lite

2.1 Before You Start

2.2 Installing AirMax DUO Lite

2.3 Knowing Your AirMax DUO Lite

2.4 Hardware Installation

2.4.1. Pull out the PCBA of AirMax DUO Lite and connect the Ethernet cable to the PoE Port

2.4.2 Connect the Ethernet cable to the PoE Injector

2.5 Pole Mount/Wall Mount Installation

3. Configuring the AirMax DUO Lite

3.1 Important Information

3.2 Prepare Your PC

3.3 Management Interface

3.3.1 Web Management (HTTP):

3.3.2 Secured Web Management (HTTPS):

3.3.3 Command Line Interface (Telnet):

3.3.4 Secure Shell (SSH, SSH2):

3.3.5 SNMP Management:

3.4 Introduction to Web Management

3.4.1 Getting into Web Management

3.4.2 Welcome Screen and Login

3.5 Initial Configuration

3.5.1 Choose the wireless Operation Modes

3.5.2 Change the Device’s IP Address

3.5.3 Change the Country Code

3.5.4 Set the Time and Date

4. Wireless and WAN Settings

4.1 About AirMax DUO Lite Menu Structure

4.2 General Wireless Settings

4.2.1 Regulatory Domain

4.2.2 Network SSID

4.2.3 Site Survey

4.2.4 Signal Survey

4.2.5 Radio Mode

4.2.6 Channel

4.2.8 Security Settings

4.2.9 Distance

4.2.10 Advance Settings

4.2.11 Access Control (ACL)

4.2.12 Multiple SSID

4.2.13 WMM QoS Setting

4.2.14 RADIUS Settings

4.2.15 Bandwidth Control

4.2.16 RSSI LED Threshold

4.3 AP Specific Settings

4.4 WDS Specific Settings

4.5 Client Mode Specific Settings

4.6 Gateway (AP Router) Specific Settings