Agilent N9000A Spec Specifications Guide

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Agilent X-Series Signal Analyzer

This manual provides documentation for the following X-Series Analyzer: CXA Signal Analyzer N9000A

N9000A CXA Specifications Guide

(Comprehensive Reference Data)

Notices

No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form or by any means (including electronic storage and retrieval or translation into a foreign language) without prior agreement and written consent from Agilent Technologies, Inc. as governed by United States and international copyright laws.

Trademark Acknowledgements

Microsoft® is a U.S. registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.

Windows U.S. registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.

Adobe Reader trademark of Adobe System Incorporated.

Java™ is a U.S. trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc.

MATLAB trademark of Math Works, Inc.

Norton Ghost™ is a U.S. trademark of Symantec Corporation.

and MS Windows® are

is a U.S. registered

Manual Part Number

N9000-90016

Edition

Oct 2009

Available in electronic format only

Agilent Technologies, Inc. No. 116 Tuo Xin West 1st Street Hi-Tech

Industrial Development Zone

(South) Chengdu, 610041, China

Warranty

The material contained in this document is provided “as is,” and is subject to being changed, without notice, in future editions. Further, to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, Agilent disclaims all warranties, either express or implied, with regard to this manual and any information contained herein, including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Agilent shall not be liable for errors or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, use, or performance of this document or of any information contained herein. Should Agilent and the user have a separate written agreement with warranty terms covering the material in this document that conflict with these terms, the warranty terms in the separate agreement shall control.

Technology Licenses

The hardware and/or software described in this document are furnished under a license and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such license.

Restricted Rights Legend

software” as defined in DFAR 252.2277014 (June 1995), or as a “commercial item” as defined in FAR 2.101(a) or as “Restricted computer software” as defined in FAR 52.227-19 (June 1987) or any equivalent agency regulation or contract clause. Use, duplication or disclosure of Software is subject to Agilent Technologies’ standard commercial license terms, and non-DOD Departments and Agencies of the U.S. Government will receive no greater than Restricted Rights as defined in FAR 52.227-19(c)(1-2) (June

1987). U.S. Government users will receive no greater than Limited Rights as defined in FAR 52.227-14 (June 1987) or DFAR

252.227-7015 (b)(2) (November 1995), as applicable in any technical data.

Safety Notices

CAUTION

A CAUTION notice denotes a hazard. It calls attention to an operating procedure, practice, or the like that, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to the product or loss of important data. Do not proceed beyond a CAUTION notice until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

WARNING

A WARNING notice denotes a hazard. It calls attention to an operating procedure, practice, or the like that, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in personal injury or death. Do not proceed beyond a WARNING notice until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

If software is for use in the performance of a U.S. Government prime contract or subcontract, Software is delivered and licensed as “Commercial computer

Warranty

This Agilent technologies instrument product is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of one year from the date of shipment. during the warranty period, Agilent Technologies will, at its option, either repair or replace products that prove to be defective.

For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to a service facility designated by Agilent Technologies. Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to Agilent Technologies shall pay shipping charges to return the product to Buyer. However, Buyer shall pay all shipping charges, duties, and taxes for products returned to Agilent Technologies from another country.

Where to Find the Latest Information

Documentation is updated periodically. For the latest information about this analyzer, including firmware upgrades, application information, and product information, see the following URL:

http://www.agilent.com/find/cxa

To receive the latest updates by email, subscribe to Agilent Email Updates:

http://www.agilent.com/find/emailupdates

Information on preventing analyzer damage can be found at:

http://www.agilent.com/find/tips

Contents

1. Agilent CXA Signal Analyzer

Definitions and Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Conditions Required to Meet Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Certification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Frequency and Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Frequency Range. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Standard Frequency Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Frequency Readout Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Frequency Counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Frequency Span . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Sweep Time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Triggers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Gated Sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Number of Frequency Display Trace Points (buckets) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Resolution Bandwidth (RBW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Analysis Bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Video Bandwidth (VBW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Amplitude Accuracy and Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Measurement Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Maximum Safe Input Level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Display Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Marker Readout. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Frequency Response. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

IF Frequency Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Input Attenuation Switching Uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Absolute Amplitude Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

RF Input VSWR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Resolution Bandwidth Switching Uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Reference Level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Display Scale Switching Uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Display Scale Fidelity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Available Detectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Preamplifier. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Dynamic Range. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Gain Compression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

1 dB Gain Compression Point

(Two-tone) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Displayed Average Noise Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Displayed Average Noise Level (DANL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Spurious Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Spurious Responses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Second Harmonic Distortion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Third Order intermodulation Distortion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Phase Noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Power Suite Measurements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Channel Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Contents

Occupied Bandwidth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Adjacent Channel Power (ACP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Power Statistics CCDF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Burst Power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Spurious Emissions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Spectrum Emission Mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Inputs/Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Rear Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Regulatory Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Declaration of Conformity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

2. Options P03 and P07 - Preamplifiers

Specifications Affected by Preamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

3. I/Q Analyzer

Specifications Affected by I/Q Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Frequency Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Clipping-to-Noise Dynamic Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Amplitude and Phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

IF Amplitude Flatness. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

IF Phase Linearity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Data Acquisition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

ADC Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

4. Analog Demodulation Measurement Application

Analog Demodulation Performance - Pre-Demodulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Analog Demodulation Performance - Post-Demodulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Frequency Modulation - Level and Carrier Metrics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Frequency Modulation - Distortion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Amplitude Modulation - Level and Carrier Metrics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Amplitude Modulation - Distortion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Phase Modulation - Level and Carrier Metrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Phase Modulation - Distortion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

5. Phase Noise Measurement Application

General Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Maximum Carrier Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Measurement Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Measurement Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Amplitude Repeatability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Offset Frequency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

6. Noise Figure Measurement Application

General Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Contents

Noise Figure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Noise Figure Uncertainty Calculator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

7. VXA Measurement Application

X-Series Signal Analyzer Performance (Option 205) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Range. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Resolution Bandwidth (RBW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Range. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Amplitude Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Dynamic Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Analog Modulation Analysis (Option 205) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

AM Demodulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

PM Demodulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

FM Demodulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Vector Modulation Analysis (Option AYA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Video Modulation Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

8. Option EMC Precompliance Measurements

Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

Amplitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

RMS Average Detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Contents

1 Agilent CXA Signal Analyzer

This chapter contains the specifications for the core signal analyzer. The specifications and characteristics for the measurement applications and options are covered in the chapters that follow.

Agilent CXA Signal Analyzer

Definitions and Requirements

This book contains signal analyzer specifications and supplemental information. The distinction among specifications, typical performance, and nominal values are described as follows.

Definitions

• Specifications describe the performance of parameters covered by the product warranty (temperature = 5 to 50°C, unless otherwise noted).

• 95th percentile values indicate the breadth of the population (> expected to be met in 95% of the cases with a 95% confidence, for any ambient temperature in the range of 20 to 30°C. In addition to the statistical observations of a sample of instruments, these values include the effects of the uncertainties of external calibration references. These values are not warranted. These values are updated occasionally if a significant change in the statistically observed behavior of production instruments is observed.

• Typical describes additional product performance information that is not covered by the product warranty. It is performance beyond specification that 80% of the units exhibit with a 95% confidence level over the temperature range 20 to 30°C. Typical performance does not include measurement uncertainty.

• Nominal values indicate expected performance, or describe product performance that is useful in the application of the product, but is not covered by the product warranty.

2σ) of performance tolerances

Conditions Required to Meet Specifications

The following conditions must be met for the analyzer to meet its specifications.

• The analyzer is within its calibration cycle. See the General section of this chapter.

• Under auto couple control, except that Auto Sweep Time Rules = Accy.

• Any analyzer that has been stored at a temperature range inside the allowed storage range but outside the allowed operating range must be stored at an ambient temperature within the allowed operating range for at least two hours before being turned on.

• The analyzer has been turned on at least 30 minutes with Auto Align set to Normal, or if Auto Align is set to Off or Partial, alignments must have been run recently enough to prevent an Alert message. If the Alert condition is changed from “Time and Temperature” to one of the disabled duration choices, the analyzer may fail to meet specifications without informing the user.

Certification

Agilent Technologies certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time of shipment from the factory. Agilent Technologies further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology, to the extent allowed by the Institute’s calibration facility, and to the calibration facilities of other International Standards Organization members.

10 Chapter 1

Agilent CXA Signal Analyzer

Frequency and Time

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

Frequency Range

Maximum Frequency

Option 503 3.0 GHz

Option 507 7.5 GHz

Preamp Option P03 3.0 GHz

Preamp Option P07 7.5 GHz

Minimum Frequency

Preamp

Off 9 kHz

On 100 kHz

Band

Band Overlaps

0 (9 kHz to 3.0 GHz) 1 Options 503

1 (2.95 GHz to 3.80 GHz) 1 Options 507

2 (3.70 GHz to 4.55 GHz) 1 Options 507

3 (4.45 GHz to 5.30 GHz) 1 Options 507

4 (5.20 GHz to 6.05 GHz) 1 Options 507

5 (5.95 GHz to 6.80 GHz) 1 Options 507

6 (6.70 GHz to 7.5 GHz) 1 Options 507

LO Multiple (Nb)

Chapter 1 11

Agilent CXA Signal Analyzer

Frequency and Time

a. In the band overlap regions, for example, 2.95 to 3.0 GHz, the analyzer may use either band for

measurements, in this example Band 0 or Band 1. The analyzer gives preference to the band with the better overall specifications, but will choose the other band if doing so is necessary to achieve a sweep having minimum band crossings. For example, with CF = 2.98 GHz, with a span of 40 MHz or less, the analyzer uses Band 0, because the stop frequency is 3.0 GHz or less, allowing a span without band crossings in the preferred band. If the span is between 40 and 60 MHz, the analyzer uses Band 1, because the start frequency is above 2.95 GHz, allowing the sweep to be done without a band crossing in Band 1, though the stop frequency is above 3.0 GHz, preventing a Band 0 sweep without band crossing. With a span greater than 60 MHz, a band crossing will be required: the analyzer sweeps up to

3.0 GHz in Band 0; then executes a band crossing and continues the sweep in Band 1. Specifications are given separately for each band in the band overlap regions. One of these specifications is for the preferred band, and one for the alternate band. Continuing with the example from the previous paragraph (2.98 GHz), the preferred band is band 0 (indicated as frequencies under

3.0 GHz) and the alternate band is band 1 (2.95 to 3.8 GHz). The specifications for the preferred band are warranted. The specifications for the alternate band are not warranted in the band overlap region, but performance is nominally the same as those warranted specifications in the rest of the band. Again, in this example, consider a signal at 2.98 GHz. If the sweep has been configured so that the signal at

2.98 GHz is measured in Band 1, the analysis behavior is nominally as stated in the Band 1 specification line (2.95 – 3.8 GHz) but is not warranted. If warranted performance is necessary for this signal, the sweep should be reconfigured so that analysis occurs in Band 0. Another way to express this situation in this example Band 0/Band 1 crossing is this: The specifications given in the “Specifications” column which are described as “2.95 to 3.8 GHz” represent nominal performance

from 2.95 to 3.0 GHz, and warranted performance from 3.0 to 3.8 GHz.

b. N is the LO multiplication factor.

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

Standard Frequency Reference

Accuracy ±[(time since last adjustment × aging

rate) + temperature stability +

calibration accuracy

]

Temperature Stability

20 to 30 °C

5 to 50 °C

Aging Rate

Achievable Initial Calibration

±2 × 10

±1 × 10

±1.4 × 10

−6

/year

−6

Accuracy

Settability

Residual FM

±2 × 10

−8

≤ (10 Hz) p-p in 20 ms (nominal)

Center Frequency = 1 GHz

10 Hz RBW, 10 Hz VBW

a. Calibration accuracy depends on how accurately the frequency standard was adjusted to 10 MHz. If the adjustment

procedure is followed, the calibration accuracy is given by the specification “Achievable Initial Calibration Accuracy”.

b. For periods of one year or more.

12 Chapter 1

Agilent CXA Signal Analyzer

Frequency and Time

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

Frequency Readout Accuracy

Example for EMC

±(marker freq. × freq. ref. accy. + 0.25% × span +

5% × RBW

+ 2 Hz + 0.5 × horizontal resolutionb)

Single detector only

±0.0032% (nominal)

a. The warranted performance is only the sum of all errors under autocoupled conditions. Under non-autocoupled

conditions, the frequency readout accuracy will nominally meet the specification equation, except for conditions in which the RBW term dominates, as explained in examples below. The nominal RBW contribution to frequency readout accuracy is 4% of RBW for RBWs from 1 Hz to 3 MHz (the widest autocoupled RBW), and 30% of RBW for the (manually selected) 4, 5, 6 and 8 MHz RBWs. Example: a 20 MHz span, with a 4 MHz RBW. The specification equation does not apply because the Span: RBW ratio is not autocoupled. If the equation did apply, it would allow 50 kHz of error (0.25%) due to the span and 200

kHz error (5%) due to the RBW. For this non-autocoupled RBW, the RBW error is nominally 30%, or 1200 kHz.

b. Horizontal resolution is due to the marker reading out one of the trace points. The points are spaced by span/(Npts -

1), where Npts is the number of sweep points. For example, with the factory preset value of 1001 sweep points, the horizontal resolution is span/1000. However, there is an exception: When both the detector mode is “normal” and the span > 0.25 × (Npts - 1) × RBW, peaks can occur only in even-numbered points, so the effective horizontal resolution becomes doubled, or span/500 for the factory preset case. When the RBW is autocoupled and there are 1001 sweep

points, that exception occurs only for spans > 750 MHz.

c. In most cases, the frequency readout accuracy of the analyzer can be exceptionally good. As an example, Agilent has

characterized the accuracy of a span commonly used for Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) testing using a source frequency locked to the analyzer. Ideally, this sweep would include EMC bands C and D and thus sweep from 30 to 1000 MHz. Ideally, the analysis bandwidth would be 120 kHz at −6 dB, and the spacing of the points would be half of this (60 kHz). With a start frequency of 30 MHz and a stop frequency of 1000.2 MHz and a total of 16168 points, the spacing of points is ideal. The detector used was the Peak detector. The accuracy of frequency readout of all the points tested in this span was with ±0.0032% of the span. A perfect analyzer with this many points would have an accuracy of ±0.0031% of span. Thus, even with this large number of display points, the errors in excess of the

bucket quantization limitation were negligible.

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

Frequency Counter

See note

Count Accuracy ±(marker freq. × freq. Ref. Accy. + 0.100 Hz)

Delta Count Accuracy ±(delta freq. × freq. Ref. Accy. + 0.141 Hz)

Resolution 0.001 Hz

a. Instrument conditions: RBW = 1 kHz, gate time = auto (100 ms), S/N ≥ 50 dB, frequency = 1 GHz. b. If the signal being measured is locked to the same frequency reference as the analyzer, the specified count accuracy is

±0.100 Hz under the test conditions of footnote

sources, wider RBWs, lower S/N ratios, and source frequencies >1 GHz.

Chapter 1 13

a. This error is a noisiness of the result. It will increase with noisy

Agilent CXA Signal Analyzer

Frequency and Time

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

Frequency Span

Range Swept and FFT

Option 503 0 Hz, 10 Hz to 3 GHz

Option 507 0 Hz, 10 Hz to 7.5 GHz

Resolution 2 Hz

Span Accuracy

Swept

FFT

±(0.25% × span + horizontal resolution

±(0.10% × span + horizontal resolution

)

a. Horizontal resolution is due to the marker reading out one of the trace points. The points are spaced by span/(Npts −

1), where Npts is the number of sweep points. For example, with the factory preset value of 1001 sweep points, the horizontal resolution is span/1000. However, there is an exception: When both the detector mode is “normal” and the span > 0.25 × (Npts − 1) × RBW, peaks can occur only in even-numbered points, so the effective horizontal resolution becomes doubled, or span/500 for the factory preset case. When the RBW is auto coupled and there are 1001 sweep

points, that exception occurs only for spans > 750 MHz.

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

Sweep Time

Range

Span = 0 Hz 1 μs to 6000 s

Span ≥ 10 Hz 1 ms to 4000 s

Accuracy

Span ≥ 10 Hz, swept ±0.01% (nominal)

Span ≥ 10 Hz, FFT ±40% (nominal)

Span = 0 Hz ±1% (nominal)

Sweep Trigger Free Run, Line, Video, External 1,

RF Burst, Periodic Timer

Delayed Trigger

Range

Span ≥ 10 Hz, swept 1 μs to 500 ms

Span = 0 Hz or FFT −150 ms to +500 ms

Resolution

0.1 μs

a. Delayed trigger is available with line, video, RF burst and external triggers.

14 Chapter 1

Agilent CXA Signal Analyzer

Frequency and Time

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

Triggers Additional information on some of the

triggers and gate sources

Video Independent of Display Scaling and

Reference Level

Minimum settable level −170 dBm Useful range limited by noise

Maximum usable level

Highest allowed mixer level

+ 2dB (nominal)

Detector and Sweep Type

relationships

Sweep Type = Swept

Detector = Normal, Peak, Sample or Negative Peak

Triggers on the signal before detection, which is similar to the displayed signal

Detector = Average Triggers on the signal before detection, but

with a single-pole filter added to give similar smoothing to that of the average detector

Sweep Type = FFT Triggers on the signal envelop in a bandwidth

wider than the FFT width

RF Burst

Level Range −50 to −10 dBm plus attenuation (nominal)

Bandwidth (−10 dB)

Most cases 18 MHz (nominal)

Frequency Limitations If the start or center frequency is too close to

zero, LO feedthrough can degrade or prevent triggering. How close is too close depends on the bandwidth.

External Triggers See “Inputs/Outputs” on page 47.

a. The highest allowed mixer level depends on the attenuation and IF Gain. It is nominally −10 dBm + input attenuation

for Preamp Off and IF Gain = Low.

Chapter 1 15

Agilent CXA Signal Analyzer

Frequency and Time

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

Gated Sweep

Gate Methods Gated LO

Gated Video Gated FFT

Span Range Any span

Gate Delay Range 0 to 100.0 s

Gate Delay Settability 4 digits, ≥ 100 ns

Gate Delay Jitter 33.3 ns p-p (nominal)

Gate Length Range Except Method = FFT

Gated Frequency and Amplitude Errors

Gate Sources External

100.0 ns to 5.0 s

Nominally no additional error for gated measurements when the Gate Delay is greater than the MIN FAST setting

Pos or neg edge triggered Line RF Burst Periodic

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

Number of Frequency Display Trace Points (buckets)

Factory preset 1,001

Range 1 to 40,001 Zero and non-zero spans

16 Chapter 1

Agilent CXA Signal Analyzer

Frequency and Time

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

Resolution Bandwidth (RBW)

Range (−3.01 dB bandwidth) 1 Hz to 8 MHz

Bandwidths above 3 MHz are 4, 5, 6, and 8MHz. Bandwidths 1 Hz to 3 MHz are spaced at 10 % spacing using the E24 series (24 per decade): 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.5, 1.6, 1.8, 2.0,

2.2, 2.4, 2.7, 3.0, 3.3, 3.6, 3.9, 4.3, 4.7, 5.1,

5.6, 6.2, 6.8, 7.5, 8.2, 9.1 in each decade.

Power bandwidth accuracy

RBW Range

1 Hz to 750 kHz ±1.0% (±0.044 dB) (nominal)

820 kHz to 1.2 MHz ±2.0% (±0.088 dB) (nominal)

1.3 to 2.0 MHz ±0.07 dB (nominal)

2.2 to 3 MHz ±0.15 dB (nominal)

4 to 8 MHz ±0.25 dB (nominal)

Accuracy (−3.01 dB bandwidth)

RBW Range

1 Hz to 1.3 MHz ±2% (nominal)

1.5 to 3.0 MHz ±7% (nominal)

4 to 8 MHz ±15% (nominal)

Selectivity

(−60 dB/−3 dB)

4.1:1 (nominal)

a. The noise marker, band power marker, channel power and ACP all compute their results using the power bandwidth of

the RBW used for the measurement. Power bandwidth accuracy is the power uncertainty in the results of these measurements due only to bandwidth-related errors. (The analyzer knows this power bandwidth for each RBW with greater accuracy than the RBW width itself, and can therefore achieve lower errors.) The warranted specifications shown apply to the Gaussian RBW filters used in swept and zero span analysis. There are four different kinds of filters used in the spectrum analyzer: Swept Gaussian, Swept Flattop, FFT Gaussian and FFT Flattop. While the warranted performance only applies to the swept Gaussian filters, because only they are kept under statistical process control, the

other filters nominally have the same performance.

b. Resolution Bandwidth Accuracy can be observed at slower sweep times than auto-coupled conditions. Normal sweep

rates cause the shape of the RBW filter displayed on the analyzer screen to widen by nominally 6%. This widening declines to 0.6% nominal when the Swp Time Rules key is set to Accuracy instead of Normal. The true bandwidth,

which determines the response to impulsive signals and noise-like signals, is not affected by the sweep rate.

c. The RBW filters are implemented digitally, and the Selectivity is defined to be 4.1:1. Verifying the selectivity with

RBW’s above 100 kHz becomes increasing problematic due to SNR affecting the −60 dB measurement.

Chapter 1 17

Agilent CXA Signal Analyzer

Frequency and Time

Description Specification Supplemental information

Analysis Bandwidth

Standard 10 MHz

a. Analysis bandwidth is the instantaneous bandwidth available around a center frequency over which the input signal can

be digitized for further analysis or processing in the time, frequency, or modulation domain.

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

Video Bandwidth (VBW)

Range Same as Resolution Bandwidth range plus

wide-open VBW (labeled 50 MHz)

Accuracy ±6% (nominal)

in swept mode and zero span

a. For FFT processing, the selected VBW is used to determine a number of averages for FFT results. That number is

chosen to give roughly equival lay smoothing to VBW filtering in a swept measurement. For example, if VBW=0.1 × RBW, four FFTs are averaged to generate one result.

18 Chapter 1

Agilent CXA Signal Analyzer

Amplitude Accuracy and Range

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

Measurement Range

Preamp off 100 kHz to 1 MHz 1 MHz to 7.5 GHz

Preamp on (Option P03/P07) 100 kHz to 7.5 GHz Displayed Average Noise Level to +15 dBm

Input Attenuation Range 100 kHz to 7.5 GHz

Displayed Average Noise Level to +20 dBm Displayed Average Noise Level to +23 dBm

0 to 50 dB, in 10 dB steps Standard

0 to 50 dB, in 2 dB steps With Option FSA

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

Maximum Safe Input Level

Average Total Power input attenuation ≥ 20 dB

Peak Pulse Power <10 μs pulse width, <1% duty cycle input attenuation ≥ 30 dB

AC Coupled ±50 Vdc

Average Total Power, preamp on

(Option P03/P07)

input attenuation ≥ 20 dB

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

Display Range

Log Scale Ten divisions displayed;

Linear Scale Ten divisions

Scale units dBm, dBmV, dBμV, dBmA, dBμA, V, W, A

+30 dBm (1 W)

+50 dBm (100 W)

+10 dBm (10 mW)

0.1 to 1.0 dB/division in 0.1 dB steps, and 1 to 20 dB/division in 1 dB steps

Chapter 1 19

Agilent CXA Signal Analyzer

Amplitude Accuracy and Range

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

Marker Readout

Log units resolution

Average Off, on-screen 0.01 dB

Average On or remote 0.001 dB

Linear units resolution ≤1% of signal level (nominal)

a. Reference level and off-screen performance: The reference level (RL) behavior differs from previous analyzers

(except PSA) in a way that makes the Agilent CXA Signal Analyzer more flexible. In previous analyzers, the RL controlled how the measurement was performed as well as how it was displayed. Because the logarithmic amplifier in previous analyzers had both range and resolution limitations, this behavior was necessary for optimum measurement accuracy. The logarithmic amplifier in the CXA signal analyzer, however, is implemented digitally such that the range and resolution greatly exceed other instrument limitations. Because of this, the CXA signal analyzer can make measurements largely independent of the setting of the RL without compromising accuracy. Because the RL becomes a display function, not a measurement function, a marker can read out results that are off-screen, either above or below, without any change in accuracy. The only exception to the independence of RL and the way in which the measurement is performed is in the input attenuation setting: When the input attenuation is set to auto, the rules for the determination of the input attenuation include dependence on the reference level. Because the input attenuation setting controls the tradeoff between large signal behaviors (third-order intermodulation and compression) and small signal effects (noise), the measurement results can change with RL changes when the

input attenuation is set to auto.

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

Frequency Response Refer to the footnote for “Band

Overlaps” on page 11

Maximum error relative to reference condition (50 MHz)

Swept operation

Preamp off,

20 to 30°C5 to 50°C95th Percentile (≈ 2σ)

Input attenuation 10 dB

9 kHz to 10 MHz ±0.60 dB ±0.65 dB ±0.45 dB

10 MHz to 3 GHz ±0.75 dB ±1.75 dB ±0.55 dB

3 to 5.25 GHz ±1.45 dB ±2.50 dB ±1.00 dB

5.25 to 7.5 GHz ±1.65 dB ±2.60 dB ±1.20 dB

Preamp on, (Option P03/P07) Input attenuation 0 dB

100 kHz to 3 GHz ±0.70 dB

3 to 5.25 GHz ±0.85 dB

5.25 to 7.5 GHz ±1.35 dB

a. For Sweep Type = FFT, add the RF flatness errors of this table to the IF Frequency Response errors. An additional

error source, the error in switching between swept and FFT sweep types, is nominally 0.01 dB and is included within the "Absolute Amplitude Error" specifications.

20 Chapter 1

Agilent CXA Signal Analyzer

Amplitude Accuracy and Range

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

IF Frequency Response

Demodulation and FFT response relative to the center frequency

95th Percentile

Freq (GHz)

Max Error

(Exceptionsc)

Midwidth Error

Slope (dB/MHz)

RMS (nominal)

≤ 3.0 0.45 dB 0.15 dB 0.10 0.03 dB

3.0 to 7.5 0.25 dB

a. The IF frequency response includes effects due to RF circuits such as input filters, that are a function of RF frequency,

in addition to the IF pass-band effects.

b. The maximum error at an offset (f) from the center of the FFT width is given by the expression ± [Midwidth Error +

(f × Slope)], but never exceeds ±Max Error. Usually, the span is no larger than the FFT width in which case the center of the FFT width is the center frequency of the analyzer. When the analyzer span is wider than the FFT width, the span is made up of multiple concatenated FFT results, and thus has multiple centers of FFT widths so the f in the equation is the offset from the nearest center. These specifications include the effect of RF frequency response as well as IF frequency response at the worst case center frequency. Performance is nominally three times better than the

maximum error at most center frequencies.

c. The specification does not apply for frequencies greater than 3.6 MHz from the center in FFT Widths of 7.2 to 8

MHz.

d. The "RMS" nominal performance is the standard deviation of the response relative to the center frequency, integrated

across a 10 MHz span. This performance measure was observed at a single center frequency in each harmonic mixing band, which is representative of all center frequencies; the observation center frequency is not the worst case center

frequency.

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

Input Attenuation Switching Uncertainty

Relative to 10 dB (reference setting)

Refer to the footnote for “Band

Overlaps” on page 11

Frequency Range

50 MHz (reference frequency) ±0.32 dB ±0.15 dB (typical)

Attenuation > 2 dB, preamp off

100 kHz to 3 GHz ±0.30 dB (nominal)

3 to 7.5 GHz ±0.50 dB (nominal)

Chapter 1 21

Agilent CXA Signal Analyzer

Amplitude Accuracy and Range

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

Absolute Amplitude Accuracy

Preamp off

At 50 MHz

20 to 30°C ±0.40 dB ±0.30 dB (95th Percentile ≈ 2σ)

5 to 50°C ±0.60 dB

At all frequencies

20 to 30°C ±(0.40 dB + frequency response)

5 to 50°C ±(0.60 dB + frequency response)

th Percentile Absolute

Amplitude Accuracy

Wide range of signal levels,

RBWs, RLs, etc.

Atten = 10 dB

100 kHz to 10 MHz ±0.40 dB

10 MHz to 2.0 GHz ±0.49 dB

2.0 to 3.0 GHz ±0.60 dB

Preamp on

(Option P03/P07)

±(0.39 dB + frequency response) (nominal)

a. Absolute amplitude accuracy is the total of all amplitude measurement errors, and applies over the following sub-

set of settings and conditions: 1 Hz ≤ RBW ≤ 1 MHz; Input signal −10 to −50 dBm; Input attenuation 10 dB; span < 5 MHz (nominal additional error for span ≥ 5 MHz is 0.02 dB); all settings auto-coupled except Swp Time Rules = Accuracy; combinations of low signal level and wide RBW use VBW ≤ 30 kHz to reduce noise.

This absolute amplitude accuracy specification includes the sum of the following individual specifications under

the conditions listed above: Scale Fidelity, Reference Level Accuracy, Display Scale Switching Uncertainty, Resolution Bandwidth Switching Uncertainty, 50 MHz Amplitude Reference Accuracy, and the accuracy with

which the instrument aligns its internal gains to the 50 MHz Amplitude Reference.

b.Absolute Amplitude Accuracy for a wide range of signal and measurement settings, covers the 95th percentile

proportion with 95% confidence. Here are the details of what is covered and how the computation is made: The wide range of conditions of RBW, signal level, VBW, reference level and display scale are discussed in footnote a. There are 108 quasirandom combinations used, tested at a 50 MHz signal frequency. We compute the 95th percentile proportion with 95% confidence for this set observed over a statistically significant number of instruments. Also, the frequency response relative to the 50 MHz response is characterized by varying the signal across a large number of quasi-random verification frequencies that are chosen to not correspond with the frequency response adjustment frequencies. We again compute the 95th percentile proportion with 95% confidence for this set observed over a statistically significant number of instruments. We also compute the 95th percentile accuracy of tracing the calibration of the 50 MHz absolute amplitude accuracy to a national standards organization. We also compute the 95th percentile accuracy of tracing the calibration of the relative frequency response to a national standards organization. We take the root-sum-square of these four independent Gaussian parameters. To that rss we add the environmental

effects of temperature variations across the 20 to 30°C range.

c. Same settings as footnote a, except that the signal level at the preamp input is −40 to −80 dBm. Total power at preamp

(dBm) = total power at input (dBm) minus input attenuation (dB). This specification applies for signal frequencies above 100 kHz.

22 Chapter 1

Agilent CXA Signal Analyzer

Amplitude Accuracy and Range

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

RF Input VSWR

Input attenuation 10 dB, 50 MHz

1.03:1 (nominal

)

Frequency

Input Attenuation (nominal)

Preamp off 10 dB ≥ 20 dB

300 kHz to 3 GHz See nominal VSWR plots < 1.4:1

3 to 7.5 GHz See nominal VSWR plots < 1.8:1

Preamp on 0 dB

10 MHz to 3 GHz < 2.2:1

3 to 7.5 GHz < 2.4:1

a. The nominal SWR stated is given for the worst case RF frequency in three representative instruments.

Chapter 1 23

Agilent CXA Signal Analyzer

Amplitude Accuracy and Range

Nominal Instrument Input VSWR

VSWR

1.50

1.40

1.30

1.20

1.10

1.00

0.00.51.01.52.02.53.0

VSWR

2.00

1.90

1.80

1.70

1.60

1.50

1.40

1.30

1.20

1.10

1.00

3.0 3. 5 4.0 4.5 5. 0 5.5 6. 0 6.5 7. 0 7.5

VSWR vs. Frequency, 3 Units, 10 dB Att enuation

GHz

VSWR vs. Fre quency, 3 Units, 10 dB Atte nuation

GHz

24 Chapter 1

Agilent CXA Signal Analyzer

Amplitude Accuracy and Range

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

Resolution Bandwidth Switching Uncertainty

relative to reference BW of 30 kHz

1.0 Hz to 3 MHz RBW ±0.15 dB ±0.05 dB (typical)

Manually selected wide RBWs: 4, 5, 6, 8 MHz ±1.00 dB

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

Reference Level

Range

Log Units −170 to +30 dBm in 0.01 dB steps

Linear Units 707 pV to 7.07 V with 0.01 dB resolution (0.11%)

Accuracy

0 dB

a. Reference level and off-screen performance: The reference level (RL) behavior differs from previous analyzers

the measurement results can change with RL changes when the input attenuation is set to auto.

b. Because reference level affects only the display, not the measurement, it causes no additional error in measurement

results from trace data or markers.

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

Display Scale Switching Uncertainty

Switching between Linear and Log

Log Scale Switching

0 dB

a. Because Log/Lin and Log Scale Switching affect only the display, not the measurement, they cause no additional

error in measurement results from trace data or markers.

Chapter 1 25

Agilent CXA Signal Analyzer

Amplitude Accuracy and Range

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

Display Scale Fidelity

abc

Log-Linear Fidelity (relative to the reference condition of −25 dBm input through the 10 dB attenuation, or −35 dBm at the input mixer)

Input mixer level

Linearity

−80 dBm ≤ ML < −15 dBm ±0.15 dB

−15 dBm ≤ ML ≤ −10 dBm ±0.30 dB ±0.15 dB (typical)

Relative Fidelity

Applies for mixer leveld range from

−10 to −80 dBm, preamp off, dither on

Sum of the following terms:

high level term

Up to ±0.045 dB

instability term Up to ±0.018 dB

slope term

a. Supplemental information: The amplitude detection linearity specification applies at all levels below −10 dBm at the

input mixer; however, noise will reduce the accuracy of low level measurements. The amplitude error due to noise is determined by the signal-to-noise ratio, S/N. If the S/N is large (20 dB or better), the amplitude error due to noise can be estimated from the equation below, given for the 3-sigma (three standard deviations) level.

320dB()110

The errors due to S/N ratio can be further reduced by averaging results. For large S/N (20 dB or better), the 3-sigma level can be reduced proportional to the square root of the number of averages taken.

b. The scale fidelity is warranted with ADC dither set to On. Dither increases the noise level by nominally only 0.24 dB

for the most sensitive case (preamp Off, best DANL frequencies). With dither Off, scale fidelity for low level signals, around −60 dBm or lower, will nominally degrade by 0.2 dB.

c. Reference level and off-screen performance: The reference level (RL) behavior differs from some earlier analyzers in

a way that makes this analyzer more flexible. In other analyzers, the RL controlled how the measurement was performed as well as how it was displayed. Because the logarithmic amplifier in these analyzers had both range and resolution limitations, this behavior was necessary for optimum measurement accuracy. The logarithmic amplifier in this signal analyzer, however, is implemented digitally such that the range and resolution greatly exceed other instrument limitations. Because of this, the analyzer can make measurements largely independent of the setting of the RL without compromising accuracy. Because the RL becomes a display function, not a measurement function, a marker can read out results that are off-screen, either above or below, without any change in accuracy. The only exception to the independence of RL and the way in which the measurement is performed is in the input attenuator setting: When the input attenuator is set to auto, the rules for the determination of the input attenuation include dependence on the reference level. Because the input attenuation setting controls the tradeoff between large signal behaviors (third-order intermodulation and compression) and small signal effects (noise), the measurement results can

change with RL changes when the input attenuation is set to auto. d. Mixer level = Input Level − Input Attenuator e. The relative fidelity is the error in the measured difference between two signal levels. It is so small in many cases that

it cannot be verified without being dominated by measurement uncertainty of the verification. Because of this

verification difficulty, this specification gives nominal performance, based on numbers that are as conservatively

determined as those used in warranted specifications. We will consider one example of the use of the error equation to

compute the nominal performance.

Example: the accuracy of the relative level of a sideband around −60 dBm, with a carrier at −5 dBm, using attenuator

= 10 dB, RBW = 3 kHz, evaluated with swept analysis. The high level term is evaluated with P1 = −15 dBm and P2 =

−70 dBm at the mixer. This gives a maximum error within ±0.039 dB. The instability term is ±0.018 dB. The slope

term evaluates to ±0.050 dB. The sum of all these terms is ±0.107 dB.

SN⁄ 3dB+()20dB⁄()–

+〈〉log=

From equation

26 Chapter 1

Agilent CXA Signal Analyzer

Amplitude Accuracy and Range

f. Errors at high mixer levels will nominally be well within the range of ±0.045 dB × {exp[(P1 − Pref)/(8.69 dB)] −

exp[(P2 − Pref)/(8.69 dB)]}. In this expression, P1 and P2 are the powers of the two signals, in decibel units, whose relative power is being measured. Prof is −10 dBm. All these levels are referred to the mixer level.

g. Slope error will nominally be well within the range of ±0.0009 × (P1 − P2). P1 and P2 are defined in footnote

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

Available Detectors Normal, Peak, Sample,

Negative Peak, Average

Average detector works on RMS, Voltage and Logarithmic scales

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

Preamplifier

Gain

100 kHz to 7.5 GHz +20 dB (nominal)

Chapter 1 27

Agilent CXA Signal Analyzer

Dynamic Range

Gain Compression

Description Specifications Supplemental Information

1 dB Gain Compression Point

(Two-tone)

Preamp off 50 MHz to 7.5 GHz

Preamp on (Option P03/P07) 50 MHz to 7.5 GHz

a. Large signals, even at frequencies not shown on the screen, can cause the analyzer to incorrectly measure on-screen

b. Specified at 1 kHz RBW with 1 MHz tone spacing. c. Reference level and off-screen performance: The reference level (RL) behavior differs from some earlier analyzers

d. Mixer power level (dBm) = input power (dBm) − input attenuation (dB).

abc

Maximum power at mixer

+2.00 dBm (nominal)

-19.00 dBm (nominal)

signals because of two-tone gain compression. This specification tells how large an interfering signal must be in

order to cause a 1 dB change in an on-screen signal.

in a way that makes this analyzer more flexible. In other analyzers, the RL controlled how the measurement was

performed as well as how it was displayed. Because the logarithmic amplifier in these analyzers had both range and

resolution limitations, this behavior was necessary for optimum measurement accuracy. The logarithmic amplifier

in this signal analyzer, however, is implemented digitally such that the range and resolution greatly exceed other

instrument limitations. Because of this, the analyzer can make measurements largely independent of the setting of

the RL without compromising accuracy. Because the RL becomes a display function, not a measurement function,

a marker can read out results that are off-screen, either above or below, without any change in accuracy. The only

exception to the independence of RL and the way in which the measurement is performed is in the input attenuation

setting: When the input attenuation is set to auto, the rules for the determination of the input attenuation include

dependence on the reference level. Because the input attenuation setting controls the tradeoff between large signal

behaviors (third-order intermodulation, compression, and display scale fidelity) and small signal effects (noise), the

measurement results can change with RL changes when the input attenuation is set to auto.

28 Chapter 1

+ 64 hidden pages

Agilent N9000A Spec Specifications Guide

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

1 Agilent CXA Signal Analyzer

Definitions and Requirements

Definitions

Conditions Required to Meet Specifications

Certification

Frequency and Time

Amplitude Accuracy and Range

Dynamic Range