USER’S GUIDE
Agilent Technologies
DC Electronic Loads
Models N3300A, N3301A, N3302A, N3303A
N3304A, N3305A, N3306A and N3307A
Part No. 5964-8196 Printed in Malaysia
Microfiche No. 5964-8197 July, 2004
Warranty Information
CERTIFICATION
Agilent Technologies certifies that this product met its published specifications at time of shipment from the factory. Agilent
Technologies further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of
Standards and Technology, to the extent allowed by the Institute's calibration facility, and to the calibration facilities of other
International Standards Organization members.
WARRANTY
This Agilent Technologies hardware product is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of one
year from date of delivery. Agilent Technologies software and firmware products, which are designated by Agilent
Technologies for use with a hardware product and when properly installed on that hardware product, are warranted not to fail
to execute their programming instructions due to defects in material and workmanship for a period of 90 days from date of
delivery. During the warranty period Agilent Technologies will, at its option, either repair or replace products which prove to
be defective. Agilent Technologies does not warrant that the operation for the software firmware, or hardware shall be
uninterrupted or error free.
For warranty service, with the exception of warranty options, this product must be returned to a service facility designated by
Agilent Technologies. Customer shall prepay shipping charges by (and shall pay all duty and taxes) for products returned to
Agilent Technologies for warranty service. Except for products returned to Customer from another country, Agilent
Technologies shall pay for return of products to Customer.
Warranty services outside the country of initial purchase are included in Agilent Technologies product price, only if Customer
pays Agilent Technologies international prices (defined as destination local currency price, or U.S. or Geneva Export price).
If Agilent Technologies is unable, within a reasonable time to repair or replace any product to condition as warranted, the
Customer shall be entitled to a refund of the purchase price upon return of the product to Agilent Technologies.
LIMITATION OF WARRANTY
The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by the Customer,
Customer-supplied software or interfacing, unauthorized modification or misuse, operation outside of the environmental
specifications for the product, or improper site preparation and maintenance. NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR
IMPLIED. AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES
THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE THE CUSTOMER'S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES. AGILENT
TECHNOLOGIES SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY.
ASSISTANCE
The above statements apply only to the standard product warranty. Warranty options, extended support contacts, product
maintenance agreements and customer assistance agreements are also available. Contact your nearest Agilent
Technologies Sales and Service office for further information on Agilent Technologies' full line of Support Programs.
2
Safety Summary
The following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases of operation of this instrument. Failure to
comply with these precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in this manual violates safety standards of design,
manufacture, and intended use of the instrument. Agilent Technologies assumes no liability for the customer's failure to
comply with these requirements.
GENERAL
This product is a Safety Class 1 instrument (provided with a protective earth terminal). The protective features of this
product may be impaired if it is used in a manner not specified in the operation instructions.
Any LEDs used in this product are Class 1 LEDs as per IEC 825-1.
This ISM device complies with Canadian ICES-001.
Cet appareil ISM est conforme à la norme NMB-001 du Canada.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
This instrument is intended for indoor use in an installation category II, pollution degree 2 environment. It is designed to
operate at a maximum relative humidity of 95% and at altitudes of up to 2000 meters. Refer to the specifications tables for
the ac mains voltage requirements and ambient operating temperature range.
BEFORE APPLYING POWER
Verify that all safety precautions are taken. Note the instrument's external markings described under "Safety Symbols".
GROUND THE INSTRUMENT
This product is a Safety Class 1 instrument (provided with a protective earth terminal). To minimize shock hazard, the
instrument chassis and cover must be connected to an electrical ground. The instrument must be connected to the ac power
mains through a grounded power cable, with the ground wire firmly connected to an electrical ground (safety ground) at
the power outlet. Any interruption of the protective (grounding) conductor or disconnection of the protective earth
terminal will cause a potential shock hazard that could result in personal injury.
ATTENTION: Un circuit de terre continu est essentiel en vue du fonctionnement sécuritaire de l'appareil. Ne
jamais mettre l'appareil en marche lorsque le conducteur de mise … la terre est d‚branch‚.
DO NOT OPERATE IN AN EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERE
Do not operate the instrument in the presence of flammable gases or fumes.
KEEP AWAY FROM LIVE CIRCUITS
Operating personnel must not remove instrument covers except as instructed in this Guide for installing or removing
electronic load modules. Component replacement and internal adjustments must be made only by qualified service
personnel. Do not replace components with power cable connected. Under certain conditions dangerous voltages may exist
even with the power cable removed. To avoid injuries always disconnect power, discharge circuits, and remove external
voltage sources before touching components.
DO NOT SERVICE OR ADJUST ALONE
Do not attempt internal service or adjustment unless another person capable of rendering first aid resuscitation is present.
DO NOT EXCEED INPUT RATINGS
This instrument may be equipped with a line filter to reduce electromagnetic interference and must be connected to a
properly grounded receptacle to minimize shock hazard. Operation at line voltages or frequencies in excess of those stated
on the data plate may cause leakages in excess of 5.0mA peak.
Instruments that appear damaged or defective should be made inoperative and secured against unintended operation until
they can be repaired by qualified service personnel.
3
SAFETY SYMBOLS
Direct current
Alternating current
Both direct and alternating current
Three-phase alternating current
Earth (ground) terminal
Protective earth (ground) terminal
Frame or chassis terminal
Terminal is at earth potential. Used for measurement and control circuits designed to
be operated with one terminal at earth potential.
Terminal for Neutral conductor on permanently installed equipment
Terminal for Line conductor on permanently installed equipment
On (supply)
Off (supply)
Standby (supply). Units with this symbol are not completely disconnected from ac
mains when this switch is off. To completely disconnect the unit from ac mains, either
disconnect the power cord or have a qualified electrician install an external switch.
WARNING
Caution
4
In position of a bi-stable push control
Out position of a bi-stable push control
Caution, risk of electric shock
Caution, hot surface
Caution (refer to accompanying documents)
The WARNING sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure, practice, or
the like, which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in personal
injury. Do not proceed beyond a WARNING sign until the indicated conditions are
fully understood and met.
The CAUTION sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to an operating procedure, or
the like, which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to or
destruction of part or all of the product. Do not proceed beyond a CAUTION sign
until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.
DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY
According to ISO/IEC Guide 22 and CEN/CENELEC EN 45014
Manufacturer’s Name and Address
Responsible Party
Agilent Technologies, Inc. Agilent Technologies (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd
550 Clark Drive, Suite 101
Budd Lake, New Jersey 07828
USA
Declares under sole responsibility that the product as originally delivered
EMC Information ISM Group 1 Class A Emissions
Safety Information and Conforms to the following safety standards.
Alternate Manufacturing Site
Product Names
Model Numbers
Product Options
Complies with the essential requirements of the Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC and the EMC
Directive 89/336/EEC (including 93/68/EEC) and carries the CE Marking accordingly.
As detailed in Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC), Certificate of Conformance Number
Assessed by: Celestica Ltd, Appointed Competent Body
This DoC applies to above-listed products placed on the EU market after:
January 1, 2004
Date Bill Darcy/ Regulations Manager
For further information, please contact your local Agilent Technologies sales office, agent or distributor, or
Agilent Technologies Deutschland GmbH, Herrenberger Stra
Malaysia Manufacturing
Bayan Lepas Free Industrial Zone, PH III
11900 Penang,
Malaysia
a) dc Electronic Load Mainframes
b) dc Electronic Load Modules for Mainframes
a) N3300A, N3301A
b) N3302A, N3303A, N3304A, N3305A, N3306A and N3307A,
This declaration covers all options and customized products based on the above
products.
CC/TCF/02/019 based on Technical Construction File (TCF) ANJ10, dated
June 14, 2002
Westfields House, West Avenue
Kidsgrove, Stoke-on-Trent
Straffordshire, ST7 1TL
United Kingdom
IEC 61010-1:2001 / EN 61010-1:2001
Canada: CSA C22.2 No. 1010.1:1992
UL 61010B-1: 2003
β
e 130, D71034 Böblingen, Germany
Revision: B.00.00 Issue Date: Created on 11/24/2003 2:57
PM
Document No. N3300.11.24.doc
5
Acoustic Noise Information
Herstellerbescheinigung
Diese Information steht im Zusammenhang mit den Anforderungen der Maschinenlä
minformationsverordnung vom 18 Januar 1991.
* Schalldruckpegel Lp <70 dB(A)
* Am Arbeitsplatz
* Normaler Betrieb
* Nach EN 27779 (Typprüfung).
Manufacturer's Declaration
This statement is provided to comply with the requirements of the German Sound Emission Directive,
from 18 January 1991.
* Sound Pressure Lp <70 dB(A)
* At Operator Position
* Normal Operation
* According to EN 27779 (Type Test).
Printing History
The edition and current revision of this manual are indicated below. Reprints of this manual containing minor
corrections and updates may have the same printing date. Revised editions are identified by a new printing date.
A revised edition incorporates all new or corrected material since the previous printing date.
Changes to the manual occurring between revisions are covered by change sheets shipped with the manual. In
some cases, the manual change applies only to specific instruments. Instructions provided on the change sheet
will indicate if a particular change applies only to certain instruments.
This document contains proprietary information protected by copyright. All rights are reserved. No part of this
document may be photocopied, reproduced, or translated into another language without the prior consent of
Agilent Technologies. The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.
Copyright 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Edition 1 ________ August, 2000
Update 1 ________ November 2000
Update 2 ________ June 2001
Edition 2 ________ March 2002
Update 1 ________ July 2004
Update 2 ________ April 2006
6
Table of Contents
Warranty Information 2
Safety Summary 3
Declaration Page 5
Acoustic Noise Information 6
Printing History 6
Table of Contents 7
QUICK REFERENCE 11
The Front Panel -At a Glance 11
The Rear Panel At a Glance 12
Instrument Configuration 12
Front Panel Number Entry 13
Front Panel Annunciators 14
Immediate Action Keys 14
Front Panel Menus - At a Glance 15
SCPI Programming Commands - At a Glance 17
GENERAL INFORMATION 19
Document Orientation 19
Safety Considerations 20
Options and Accessories 20
Description 20
Features and Capabilities 21
Front Panel Controls 21
Remote Programming 21
Operating Modes 22
Constant Current CC (Mode) 22
Constant Resistance (CR) Mode 23
Constant Voltage (CV) Mode 24
Transient Operation 26
List Operation 27
Triggered Operation 27
Input Control 30
Protection Features 30
Saving and Recalling Settings 33
External Control Signals 33
Remote Sensing 33
Monitor Outputs 33
External Programming Input 33
Fault 34
Port On/Off 34
Input Measurements 34
DC Measurements 35
RMS Measurements 35
Minimum and Maximum Measurements 35
Power Measurements 35
Measurement Ranges 35
INSTALLATION 37
Inspection 37
Damage 37
Packaging Material 37
Items Supplied 37
7
Cleaning 37
Installing the Modules 38
Procedure 38
Channel Number 39
Location 39
Bench Operation 41
Rack Mounting 41
Input Connections 42
Power Cord 42
Manually-Tightened Connectors 43
8mm Screw Terminal Connector (option UJ1) 43
Wire Considerations 44
Control Connector 46
Sense Switch 47
Trigger and Digital Connections 47
Computer Connections 48
GPIB Interface 48
RS-232 Interface 48
Application Connections 49
Local Sense Connections 49
Remote Sense Connections 49
Parallel Connections 49
Low Voltage Operation 51
TURN-ON CHECKOUT 53
Introduction 53
Checkout Procedure 53
In Case of Trouble 54
Error Messages 54
Selftest Errors 54
FRONT PANEL OPERATION 55
Introduction 55
Front Panel Description 55
System Keys 57
Function keys 58
Immediate Action Keys 58
Scrolling Keys 59
Metering Keys 59
Input Control Keys 60
Transient Control Keys 61
Trigger Control Keys 61
List Control Keys 61
Entry Keys 62
Examples of Front Panel Programming 63
1 - Using the Front Panel Display 63
2 - Programming Constant Current, Voltage and Resistance Modes 63
3 - Programming Transient Operation 65
4 - Programming Lists 67
5 - Querying and Clearing Output Protection and Errors 69
6 - Making Basic Front Panel Measurements 69
7 - Setting the GPIB Address 70
8 - Storing and Recalling Instrument States 70
SPECIFICATIONS 71
8
PERFORMANCE TEST AND CALIBRATION PROCEDURES 77
Introduction 77
Equipment Required 77
Performance Tests 78
IMON Zero Verification 78
CC Mode Tests 78
CV Mode Tests 79
CR Mode Tests 81
Agilent N3302A Verification Test Record 84
Agilent N3303A Verification Test Record 85
Agilent N3304A Verification Test Record 86
Agilent N3305A Verification Test Record 87
Agilent N3306A Verification Test Record 88
Agilent N3307A Verification Test Record 89
Calibration 92
Parameters Calibrated 92
IMON, IPROG and CURRENT Calibration Program 93
VOLTAGE Calibration Program 97
RESISTANCE Calibration Program 99
INDEX 103
9
Quick Reference
The Front Panel -At a Glance
1
115-character display shows
channel, voltage and current
measurements.
1
N3300A
SYSTEM DC ELECTRONIC LOAD
CHANNEL VOLTS AMPS
CV CC CR Unr Dis Tran Prot Cal Shift Rmt Addr Err SQR
LINE
ON
2 Annunciators indicate
operating modes and status
conditions.
32
SYSTEM FUNCTION ENTRY
Sense
Ident
Meter
Local
Error
Channel
Address
Channel
Save
Prot Clear
Protect
Recall
Input
on/off
Func
Current
Res
Voltage
3 System keys:
♦ Return to Local mode.
♦ Set the GPIB address.
♦ Set the RS-232 interface.
♦ Display SCPI error codes.
♦ Save and recall instrument
states.
4
Step
Step
List
Tran
Trigger
Trigger
Control
7
8
4
5
1
2
E -
0
.
5
9
6
3
Clear Entry
Input
Input
Enter
OFF
6
4 Function keys:
♦ Select metering functions.
♦ Enable/disable input.
♦ Program current, resistance and
voltage modes.
♦ Set and clear protection
functions.
♦ Scroll through front panel
menu commands.
5 Entry keys:
♦ Enter values.
♦ Increment or decrement values.
6 Turns the electronic load on
and off.
11
1 - Quick Reference
The Rear Panel At a Glance
Refer to chapter 3 for detailed information about the rear panel connections.
114-pin control
connector
2Input binding post 3Standard 24-pin
GPIB connector
1 2 3
49-pin RS-232
interface connector
4
5
53-pin IEC 320 ac
input connector.
(power cord requires
ground conductor)
66-pin trigger/digital
connector
7Sense switch
Instrument Configuration
Use the front panel Address menu to
♦ Select GPIB or RS-232 interface (see Chapter 5 in User's Guide).
♦ Select the GPIB bus address (see Chapter 5 in User's Guide).
♦ Configure the RS-232 interface (see Chapter 5 in User's Guide).
67
12
Front Panel Number Entry
Enter numbers from the front panel as follows:
Use the Entry Scroll keys to adjust the input setting in Meter mode.
Quick Reference - 1
Meter
AND
c
Input
d
Input
If CC is lit, the input current changes.
If CV is lit, the input voltage changes.
If CR is lit, the input resistance changes.
NOTE The input must be on for input values to change.
Use the Function keys and Entry keys to enter a new value
NOTE If you make a mistake use the Backspace key to delete the number, or press the Meter key to
return to the Meter mode.
Current
Res
AND AND
Voltage
789
4
1
E -
0.
5
2
6
3
Clear Entry
Input
Input
Enter
Enter
13
1 - Quick Reference
Front Panel Annunciators
φφφφ1
A list is initiated or running.
Prot
Indicates that a channel protection feature is active
on any channel. Press the Prot Clear key to clear
the protection condition.
CV
CC
The selected input channel is in the
constant voltage (CV) mode.
The selected input channel is in the
Cal
Shift
Calibration mode is ON. Calibration can only be
done through the computer interface.
Indicates that the shift key has been pressed.
constant current (CC) mode.
CR
The selected input channel is in the
constant resistance (CR) mode.
Rmt
Indicates that the electronic load is in remote state
(either GPIB or RS-232). In the remote state, only
the active key is the Local key.
Unr
Dis
The selected input channel is unregulated.
The input is OFF. Press the Input on/off
Addr
Err
The electronic load is addressed to talk or listen.
A remote programming error(s) have occurred.
key to turn the input on.
Tran
The selected input channel is enabled for
SQR
The electronic load is requesting a service.
transient operation.
Immediate Action Keys
Input
On/Off
Local
cccc
Input
d
Input
cccc
Channel
+
Shift
Displays any protection functions that are tripped.
Protect
+
Shift
Shift
+
Shift
Meter
Trigger
Prot
Prot
Clear
Clear
Ident
Ident Shift
A toggle switch that turns the input of the electronic load on or off.
Activates front panel control when the unit is in remote mode
(unless a Lockout command is in effect).
Increases the input current (CC), voltage (CV), or resistance (CR) in Meter mode.
Decreases the input current (CC), voltage (CV), or resistance (CR) in Meter mode.
Selects another channel.
Causes an initiate and trigger to occur. Used with transient subsystem or list.
Resets the protection circuit and allows the unit to return to its last programmed state.
Identifies the module installed in the selected channel location. (not available)
Returns the front panel to metering mode from any other mode.
14
Quick Reference - 1
r
Front Panel Menus - At a Glance
Address
ADDRESS 5 Sets the GPIB Address
INTF GPIB Selects an interface (GPIB or RS232)
BAUDRATE 300 Selects baud rate (300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600) *
PARITY NONE Selects message parity (NONE, EVEN, ODD, MARK, SPACE) *
FLOW NONE Selects flow control (XON-XOFF, RTS-CTS, DTR-DSR, NONE) *
Recall
*RCL 0 Recalls the instrument state
*SAV 0 Saves the present instrument state
ERROR 0 Displays the number of errors in the SCPI error queue
Shift
CHANNEL 1 Allows selection of channel to be controlled by the front panel
S:PNT Defines the number of data points in the measurement
S:TIN Sets the digitizer sample spacing
S:WIN Sets the measurement window function (RECT, HANN)
S:OFF Defines the data offset in the measurement
S:C:RNG Selects the current measurement range
S:V:RNG Selects the voltage measurement range
FUNC Sets the regulation mode (CURR, RES, VOLT)
Func
Protect
OC -- -- -- General protection status (overcurrent fault shown)
Meter
XXXX XXXX Displays the input voltage and current
XXXX V MAX Displays the maximum voltage
XXXX V MIN Displays the minimum voltage
XXXX V RMS Displays the rms voltage
XXXX A MAX Displays the maximum current
XXXX A MIN Displays the minimum current
XXXX A RMS Displays the rms current
XXXX WATTS Displays the wattage
XXXX W MAX Displays the maximum wattage
XXXX W MIN Displays the minimum wattage
Current
CURR Sets the input current
C:MODE Sets the current mode (FIXED, LIST)
C:RANG Sets the input current range
C:SLEW Sets current slew rate
C:SLW:N Sets current slew rate for negative transitions
C:SLW:P Sets current slew rate for positive transitions
C:TLEV Sets the transient input current
C:TRIG Sets the triggered input current
RES Sets the input resistance
Res
R:MODE Sets the resistance mode (FIXED, LIST)
R:RANG Sets the input resistance range
R:SLEW Sets resistance slew rate
R:SLW:N Sets resistance slew rate for negative transitions
R:SLW:P Sets resistance slew rate for positive transitions
R:TLEV Sets the transient input resistance
R:TRIG Sets the triggered input resistance
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Save Shift
Erro
Shift
Channel
Sense Shift
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*RST Resets the instrument to its power-on state
FNC:MODE Selects what controls regulating mode (FIX, LIST)
INP:SHOR Enable/disables the input short (OFF/ON)
RRV --- -- Voltage protection status (remote reverse voltage fault shown)
*Only applicable for use with RS-232
15
1 - Quick Reference
r
Front Panel Menus - continued
VOLT Sets the input voltage
Voltage
V:MODE Sets the voltage mode (FIXED, LIST)
V:RANG Sets the input voltage range
V:SLEW Sets voltage slew rate
V:SLW:N Sets voltage slew rate for negative transitions
V:SLW:P Sets voltage slew rate for positive transitions
V:TLEV Sets the transient input voltage
V:TRIG Sets the triggered input voltage
Tran
TRAN Enables/disables the transient generator (OFF/ON)
T:DCYC Sets the transient duty cycle in continuous mode
T:FREQ Sets the transient frequency in continuous mode
T:MODE Sets the transient mode (CONT, PULSE, TOGGLE)
Trigge
List
LST:STEP Sets the method of incrementing steps (ONCE, AUTO)
LST:CNT Specifies the number of times the list is cycled
DWEL:0 EOL Specifies the time period of each step
CURR:0 EOL Specifies the current setting for each step
C:RANG:0 EOL Specifies the current range for each step
C:SLEW:0 EOL Sets the current slew rate for each step
C:SLW:N:0 EOL Sets the negative current slew rate for each step
C:SLW:P:0 EOL Sets the positive current slew rate for each step
C:TLEV:0 EOL Sets the transient input current for each step
FUNC:0 EOL Sets the list regulation mode (CURR, RES, VOLT)
RES:0 EOL Specifies the resistance setting for each step
R:RANG:0 EOL Specifies the resistance range for each step
R:SLEW:0 EOL Sets the resistance slew rate for each step
R:SLW:N:0 EOL Sets the negative resistance slew rate for each step
R:SLW:P:0 EOL Sets the positive resistance slew rate for each step
R:TLEV:0 EOL Sets the transient input resistance for each step
TRAN:0 EOL Enables/disables the transient level for each step
T:DCYC:0 EOL Sets the transient duty cycle for each step
T:FREQ:0 EOL Sets the transient frequency for each step
T:MODE:0 EOL Sets the mode of the transient generator (CONT, PULSE)
T:TWID:0 EOL Sets the transient pulse width for each step
VOLT:0 EOL Specifies the voltage setting for each step
V:RANG:0 EOL Specifies the voltage range for each step
V:SLEW:0 EOL Sets the voltage slew rate for each step
V:SLW:N:0 EOL Sets the negative voltage slew rate for each step
V:SLW:P:0 EOL Sets the positive voltage slew rate for each step
V:TLEV:0 EOL Sets the transient input voltage for each step
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T:TWID Sets the transient pulse width in pulse mode
INIT:IMMED Initiates the trigger system
ABORT Aborts the initiated trigger
16
Quick Reference - 1
SCPI Programming Commands - At a Glance
NOTE Most [optional] commands have been omitted for clarity. Refer to the Programming Guide for a
complete description of all programming commands.
ABORt
CALibrate
:DATA <n> [,<n>]
:IMON:LEVel <points>
:IPRog:LEVel <points>
:LEVel <points>
:PASSword <n>
:SAVE
:STATE <bool> [,<n>]
CHANnel | INSTrument
[:LOAD] <n>
INITiate
[:IMMediate]
:SEQuence[1] | :SEQuence2
:NAMe LIST | ACQuire
CONTinuous
:SEQuence1 <bool>
:NAMe LIST <bool>
INPut | OUTput
[:STATe] <bool>
:PROTection
:CLEar
:SHORt
[:STATe] <bool>
MEASure | FETCh
:ARRay
:CURRent?
:POWer?
:VOLTage?
[:SCALar]
:CURRent?
:ACDC?
:MAX?
:MIN?
:POWer?
:MAX?
:MIN?
:VOLTage?
:ACDC?
:MAX?
:MIN?
PORT0[:STATe] <bool>
PORT1[:LEVel] <n>
SENSe
:CURRent
:RANGe <n>
:SWEep
:OFFSet
:POINts <n>
:TINTerval <n>
:WINDow <type>
:VOLTage
:RANGe <n>
[SOURce:] CURRent
[:LEVel] <n>
:TRIG <n>
:MODE <mode>
:PROTection
[:LEVel] <n>
:DELay <n>
:STATe <bool>
:RANGe <n>
:SLEW
[:BOTH] <n>
:NEGative <n>
:POSitive <n>
:TLEVel <n>
FUNCtion | MODE
:MODE <mode>
LIST
:COUNt <n>
:CURRent
[:LEVel] <n> {,<n>}
:POINts?
:RANGe <n> {,<n>}
:POINts?
:SLEW
[:BOTH] <n> {,<n>}
:POINts?
:NEGative <n> {,<n>}
: POSitive <n> {,<n>}
:TLEVel <n> {,<n>}
:POINts?
:DWELI <n> {,<n>}
:POINts?
:FUNCtion | MODE <mode>
:RESistance
[:LEVel] <n> {,<n>}
:POINts?
:RANGe <n> {,<n>}
:POINts?
:SLEW
[:BOTH] <n> {,<n>}
:POINts?
:NEGative <n> {,<n>}
: POSitive <n> {,<n>}
:TLEVel <n> {,<n>}
:POINts?
:STEP <step>
:TRANsient
[:STATe] <bool> {,<bool>}
:POINts?
:DCYCle <n> {,<n>}
:POINts?
:FREQuency <n> {,<n>}
:POINts?
:MODE <mode> {<mode>}
:POINts?
:TWIDth <n> {,<n>}
:POINts?
17
1 - Quick Reference
SCPI Commands - continued
[SOURce:]LIST (continued)
:VOLTage
[:LEVel] <n> {,<n>}
:POINts?
:RANGe <n> {,<n>}
:POINts?
:SLEW
[:BOTH] <n> {,<n>}
:POINts?
:NEGative <n> {,<n>}
: POSitive <n> {,<n>}
:TLEVel <n> {,<n>}
:POINts?
RESistance
[:LEVel] <n>
:TRIG <n>
:MODE <mode>
:RANGe <n>
:SLEW
[:BOTH] <n>
:NEGative <n>
:POSitive <n>
:TLEVel <n>
TRANsient
[:STATe] <bool>
:DCYCle <n>
:FREQuency <n>
:MODE <mode>
:TWIDth <n>
VOLTage
[:LEVel] <n>
:TRIG <n>
:MODE <mode>
:RANGe <n>
:SLEW
[:BOTH] <n>
:NEGative <n>
: POSitive <n>
:TLEVel <n>
STATus
:CHANnel
[:EVENt]?
:CONDition?
:ENABle <n>
:CSUMmary
[:EVENt]?
:ENABle <n>
:OPERation
[:EVENt]?
:CONDition?
:ENABle <n>
:NTRansition <n>
:PTRansition <n>
:QUEStionable
[:EVENt]?
:CONDition?
:ENABle <n>
SYSTem
:ERRor?
:VERSion?
:LOCal
:REMote
:RWLock
TRIGger
[:IMMediate]
:DELay
:SOURce <source>
:TIMer
:SEQuence2 | ACQuire
:COUNt
18
General Information
Document Orientation
This manual describes the operation of the Agilent Model N3300A, N3301A, N3302A, N3303A N3304A,
N3305A, N3306A and N3307A DC Electronic Loads. Unless otherwise noted, all units will be referred to by
the description "electronic load" throughout this manual. The following documents and software are shipped
with your electronic load:
♦ A User's Guide (this document), contains installation, checkout and front panel information.
♦ A Programming Guide, contains detailed GPIB programming information.
The following Getting Started Map will help you find the information you need to complete the specific task
that you want to accomplish. Refer to the table of contents or index of each guide for a complete list of the
information contained within.
2
Getting Started Map
Task Where to find information
Installing the unit
Line voltage connections
Installing modules
Load connections
Checking out the unit
Verifying proper operation
Using the front panel
Calibrating the unit
Using the front panel
Front panel keys
Front panel examples
Using the programming interface
GPIB interface
RS-232 interface
Programming the unit using SCPI commands
SCPI commands
SCPI programming examples
Programming the unit using VXIplug&play
instrument driver
Installing the instrument driver
Instrument driver functions
C/C++ example programs
Visual BASIC example programs
Lab VIEW example programs
Agilent VEE example programs
User's Guide
User's Guide
User's Guide
User's Guide
Programming Guide
Programming Guide
VXIplug&play on-line help
NOTE:
The driver must be installed on your computer to
access the on-line information.
Drivers for Agilent instruments are available on the
web at www.agilent.com/find/drivers
19
2 - General Information
Safety Considerations
This electronic load is a Safety Class 1 instrument, which means it has a protective earth terminal. That terminal
must be connected to earth ground through power source equipped with a ground receptacle. Refer to the Safety
Summary page at the beginning of this guide for general safety information. Before installation or operation,
check the electronic load and review this guide for safety warnings and instructions. Safety warnings for
specific procedures are located at appropriate places in the Guide.
Options and Accessories
Table 2-1 Options
Option Description
800 One rack mount kit for two N3301A half-rack units side by side*.
Consists of: Lock-link kit (p/n 5061-9694) and Flange kit (p/n 5062-3978)
908 One rack mount kit*.
Consists of: Flange kit for N3300A (order 2 p/n 5062-3974)
Flange kit for one N3301A with blank filler panel (p/n 5062-3960)
909 One rack mount kit with handles for N3300A* (order 2 p/n 5062-3975).
UJ1 8mm input screw terminal connectors (see chapter 3)
*Support rails (p/n E3663AC) are required.
Table 2-2 Accessories
GPIB cables
1.0 meter (3.3 ft)
2.0 meters (6.6 ft)
4.0 meters (13.2 ft)
0.5 meters (1.6 ft)
RS-232 cable
(9-pin F to 9-pin F, 2.5 meter, null modem/printer cable with one
9-pin M to 25 pin F adapter)
RS-232 adapter kit (contains 4 adapters)
9-pin M to 25-pin M for pc or printer
9-pin M to 25-pin M for pc or printer
9-pin M to 25-pin M for modem
9-pin M to 9-pin M for modem
Agilent Part Number
10833A
10833B
10833C
10833D
34398A
34399A
Description
The N3300A is a DC Electronic Load Mainframe used for design, manufacturing, and evaluation of dc power
supplies, batteries, and power components. Other applications include use as a power circuit breaker or crowbar,
high current function or pulse generator, fuel-cell and photovoltaic cell test, and de-energizing superconducting
magnets.
The mainframe contains six slots for load modules. Load modules occupy either 1 or 2 slots depending on the
power rating of the module. The mainframe can dissipate up to 300 watts per slot, to a total of 1800 watts for a
fully loaded mainframe. Each individual module has its own channel number and contains its own input
connector. The mainframe contains a processor, GPIB connector, RS-232 connector and interface circuits,
trigger circuits, front-panel keypad and display, and other circuits common to all the load modules.
20
General Information - 2
The N3301A is a DC Electronic Load Mainframe that is functionally identical to the N3300A, but is a half-rack
width with only two slots for load modules. The mainframe can dissipate up to 300 watts per slot, to a total of
600 watts for a fully loaded mainframe.
The N3302A, N3303A N3304A, N3305A, N3306A and N3307A are electronic load modules that can be
installed in the N3300A and N3301A mainframes. The module specific pages in Appendix A include
specifications and other information pertinent to a particular model. Each module can operate independently in
constant current (CC) mode, constant voltage (CV) mode, or constant resistance (CR) mode. In addition, each
input can be turned on or off (open-circuited), or short-circuited.
Features and Capabilities
♦ Constant current (CC), constant voltage (CV), or constant resistance (CR) mode operation.
♦ Built-in GPIB and RS-232 interface programming with SCPI command language.
♦ Triggered input and measurement functions.
♦ Front panel control with keypad.
♦ Independent channel operation.
♦ Built-in pulse generator for continuous, pulsed, and toggled transient operation.
♦ Overvoltage, overcurrent, overpower, and overtemperature protection.
♦ Extensive selftest, status reporting and software calibration.
♦ Fan speed control for reduced acoustic noise under light load conditions.
Front Panel Controls
The front panel has keyboard controls for setting the input voltage, current and resistance. The panel display
provides digital readouts of a number of functions including the inputs. Annunciators display the operating
status of the electronic load. System keys let you perform system functions such as setting the GPIB address
and recalling operating states. Front panel function keys access the electronic load function menus. Front panel
Entry keys let you select and enter parameter values. Refer to chapter 5 for a complete description of the front
panel controls.
Remote Programming
The electronic load may be remotely programmed via the GPIB bus and/or an RS-232 serial port. GPIB
programming is done with SCPI (Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments) commands, which make
the electronic load programs compatible with those of other GPIB instruments that are also SCPI compatible.
Local (front panel) control is in effect immediately after power is applied. The front panel keypad and display
allow manual control of each individual module when the electronic load is used in bench test applications.
Remote (computer) control goes into effect (front panel Rmt annunciator is on) as soon as the mainframe
receives a command via the GPIB. A built-in GPIB interface and SCPI commands allow control and readback
of all functions when the electronic load is used in computer controlled applications.
With remote control in effect, only the computer can control the electronic load; the front panel keypad has no
effect. You can still use the front panel display to view the input voltage and current readings. To return the
electronic load to local control, press the Local key. This will return the electronic load to local control, unless
the local-lockout command has been received from the GPIB controller.
Most functions that can be performed remotely over the GPIB or RS-232 can also be performed from the front
panel. Whenever possible the function menu commands reflect their corresponding SCPI commands. Thus,
learning to operate the electronic load from the front panel will aid you when writing computer programs.
21
2 - General Information
Operating Modes
The three modes of operation are:
♦ Constant current (CC).
♦ Constant voltage (CV).
♦ Constant resistance (CR).
When programmed to a mode, a module remains in that mode until the mode is changed or until a fault
condition, such as an overpower or overtemperature, occurs.
The current, resistance, and voltage mode parameters described in subsequent paragraphs can be programmed
whether or not the mode is presently selected. When a mode is selected via the front panel or via the GPIB or
RS-232, most of the associated parameters will take effect at the input (exceptions are noted in the mode
descriptions).
Constant Current CC (Mode)
In this mode, the module will sink a current in accordance with the programmed value regardless of the input
voltage (see Figure 2-1). The CC mode can be set with front panel keys or via the GPIB or RS-232. The CC
mode parameters are discussed in the following paragraphs.
Figure 2-1. Constant Current Mode
Ranges
Current may be programmed in either of two overlapping ranges, a Low range and a High range. The low range
provides better resolution at low current settings. The range can be set at the front panel or via the GPIB
(CURR:RANG command). The electronic load automatically selects the range that corresponds to the value
that you program. If the value falls in a region where ranges overlap, the electronic load selects the Low range.
If the present input setting is outside the Low range, the electronic load will automatically adjust the input
setting to the highest value available in the Low range. If you subsequently program an input value that is
outside the Low range, an OUT OF RANGE message will appear on the front panel display.
Immediate Current Level
The current level can be set at the front panel or via the GPIB (CURR command). If the CC mode is the active
mode, the new setting immediately changes the input at a rate determined by the slew setting (described below).
If the module is not in the CC mode, the new setting is saved for use when the mode is changed to CC.
22
General Information - 2
Triggered Current Level
A current level can be preset (stored in the electronic load) allowing the input to be updated when a trigger is
received instead of immediately as described above.
If the CC mode is the active mode, the preset current level will become the actual value and the input will be
updated when a trigger occurs. If the CC mode is not the active mode, the preset current level will become the
actual value when a trigger occurs but there will be no effect on the input until the CC mode becomes active.
Once a level is triggered, subsequent triggers will have no effect on the input unless another CURR:TRIG
command is sent. The trigger sources available to the electronic load are described later in this chapter. The
electronic load has a status reporting capability to keep track of pending triggers and other operating conditions.
The status reporting capability is described in detail in the Programming Guide.
Transient Current Level
The transient current level can be set at the front panel or via the GPIB. The transient current level can be
higher or lower than the main current level. The module input will switch between the main level and the
transient level when transient operation is turned on.
Software Current Limit
The electronic load allows the user to set a current limit (0 to 102% of full scale) for each module via the GPIB
(CURR:PROT command) which will shut down the input if the current limit is exceeded beyond a
programmable time delay. Note that the software current limit is in effect for any mode of operation (not just
the CC mode). The software current limit feature is described later in this chapter under Protection Features.
Slew Rate
The current slew rate determines the rate at which the input current to a module changes to a new programmed
value. Current slew rates are programmed in amperes per second. Slew rates can be set at the front panel or via
the GPIB (CURR:SLEW command). The programmed slew rate remains in effect for the immediate, triggered,
and transient level changes previously described.
Any slew rate can be programmed provided that it falls between the fastest and the slowest slew rates shown in
Figure 2-8A. If a value is programmed that is outside these limits, the module will automatically adjust the
programmed value to either the fastest or the slowest slew rates shown in the figure.
Constant Resistance (CR) Mode
In this mode, the module will sink a current linearly proportional to the input voltage in accordance with the
programmed resistance (see Figure 2-2). The CR mode can be set at the front panel or via the GPIB
(MODE:RES command). The CR mode parameters are described in the following paragraphs.
Ranges
Resistance may be programmed in any of four overlapping ranges. The range can be set at the front panel or via
the GPIB (RES:RANG command). The electronic load automatically selects the range that corresponds to the
value that you program. If the value falls in a region where ranges overlap, the electronic load selects the range
with the highest resolution. If the present input setting is outside the range that you select, the electronic load
will automatically adjust the input setting to the closest available value within the newly selected range. If you
subsequently program an input value that is outside the newly selected range, an OUT OF RANGE message will
appear on the front panel display.
23
2 - General Information
Figure 2-2. Constant Resistance Mode
Immediate Resistance Level
The resistance level can be set at the front panel or via the GPIB (RES command). If the CR mode is active, the
new setting immediately changes the input at a rate determined by the voltage or current slew setting (see
description below). If the module is not in the CR mode, the new setting is saved for use when the mode is
changed to CR.
Triggered Resistance Level
A resistance level can be preset (stored in the electronic load) allowing the input to be updated when a trigger is
received instead of immediately as described above.
If the CR mode is active, the preset resistance level will become the actual value and the input will be updated
when a trigger occurs. If the CR mode is not the active mode, the preset resistance level will become the actual
value when a trigger occurs but there will be no effect on the input until the CR mode becomes active. Once a
level is triggered, subsequent triggers will have no effect on the input unless another RES:TRIG command is
sent.
Transient Resistance Level
The transient resistance level can be set at the front panel or via the GPIB (RES:TLEV command). The
transient level and the main level are used in transient operation, which is described later in this chapter.
Slew Rate
The resistance slew rate determines the rate at which the input resistance to a module changes to a new
programmed value. Resistance slew rates are programmed in ohms per second. Slew rates can be set at the front
panel or via the GPIB (RES:SLEW command). The programmed slew rate remains in effect for the immediate,
triggered, and transient level changes previously described.
Constant Voltage (CV) Mode
In this mode, the module will attempt to sink enough current to control the source voltage to the programmed
value (see Figure 2-3). The module acts as a shunt voltage regulator when operating in the CV mode. The CV
mode can be set at the front panel or via the GPIB (MODE:VOLT command). The CV mode parameters are
described in the following paragraphs.
Ranges
Voltage may be programmed in either of two overlapping ranges, a low range and a high range. The low range
provides better resolution at low voltage settings. The range can be set at the front panel or via the GPIB
24
General Information - 2
(VOLT:RANG command). The electronic load automatically selects the range that corresponds to the value
that you program. If the value falls in a region where ranges overlap, the electronic load selects the Low range.
If the present input setting is outside the Low range, the electronic load will automatically adjust the input
setting to the highest value available in the Low range. If you subsequently program an input value that is
outside the Low range, an OUT OF RANGE message will appear on the front panel display.
Figure 2-3. Constant Voltage Mode
Immediate Voltage Level
The voltage level can be set at the front panel or via the GPIB (VOLT command). If the CV mode is active, the
new setting immediately changes the input at a rate determined by the voltage slew setting. If the module is not
in the CV mode, the new setting is saved for use when the mode is changed to CV.
Triggered Voltage Level
The voltage level can be preset (stored in the electronic load) allowing the input to be updated when a trigger is
received instead of immediately as described above.
If the CV mode is the active mode, the preset current level will become the actual value and the input will be
updated when a trigger occurs. If the CV mode is not the active mode, the preset current level will become the
actual value when a trigger occurs, but there will be no effect on the input until the CV mode becomes active.
Once a level is triggered, subsequent triggers will have no effect on the input unless another VOLT:TRIG
command is sent.
Transient Voltage Level
The transient voltage level can be set at the front panel or via the GPIB (VOLT:TLEV command). The module
input will switch between the main level and the transient level when transient operation is turned on. The
transient voltage level determines the higher voltage level.
Slew Rate
The voltage slew rate determines the rate at which the input voltage to a module changes to a new programmed
value. Voltage slew rates are programmed in volts per second. Slew rates can be set at the front panel or via the
GPIB (VOLT:SLEW command). The programmed slew rate remains in effect for the immediate, triggered, and
transient level changes previously described.
Any slew rate can be programmed provided that it falls between the fastest and the slowest slew rates shown in
Figure 2-8B. If a value is programmed that is outside these limits, the module will automatically adjust the
programmed value to either the fastest or the slowest slew rates shown in the figure.
25
2 - General Information
Transient Operation
Transient operation enables the module to periodically switch between two load levels, as might be required for
testing power supplies. A power supply's regulation and transient characteristics can be evaluated by monitoring
the supply's output voltage under varying combinations of load levels, frequency, duty cycle, and slew rate.
Transient operation can be turned on and off at the front panel or via the GPIB (TRAN ON and TRAN OFF
commands). Before you turn on transient operation, you should set the desired mode of operation as well as all
of the parameters associated with transient operation. Transient operation may be used in the CC, CR, or CV
modes and can be continuous, pulsed, or toggled.
Continuous
Pulse
Toggled
Continuous Transient Operation
In continuous operation, a repetitive pulse train switches between two load levels. In the front panel, the
transient commands are located under the TRAN key. Continuous transient operation is selected via the GPIB
using the TRAN:MODE CONT command.
The two load levels in the transient operation are the previously described main level (immediate or triggered)
and transient level for current, resistance, or voltage. The rate at which the level changes is determined by the
slew rate (see slew rate descriptions for CV, CR, or CV mode as applicable). In addition, the frequency and
duty cycle of the continuous pulse train are programmable. The frequency can be set from 0.25 to 10000 Hz at
the front panel or via the GPIB (TRAN:FREQ command). The duty cycle can be set from 3% to 97% (0.25 Hz
to 1 kHz) or from 6% to 94% (above 1 kHz) at the front panel or via the GPIB (TRAN:DCYC command).
Pulsed Transient Operation
Pulsed transient operation is similar to continuous operation with the following exceptions:
Generates a repetitive pulse stream the toggles between two load levels.
Generates a load change that returns to its original state after some time period.
Generates a repetitive pulse stream that toggles between two load levels. Similar to
Continuous mode except that the transient points are controlled by explicit triggers instead of
an internal transient generator.
a. In order to get a pulse, an explicit trigger is required. The trigger can be an external trigger signal
received via the TRIGGER input on the rear panel, the TRIG:SOUR function, the *TRG or TRIG
commands, the ac line, the internal timer signal, or the front panel Trigger key.
b. One pulse results from each trigger. Therefore, frequency cannot be programmed. The main level,
transient level, and slew rate are programmed as described for continuous operation. The pulse width is
programmable from 0.00005 to 4 seconds via the GPIB (TRAN:TWID command).
Toggled Transient Operation
Toggled transient operation causes the module input to alternate between two pre-defined levels as in
continuous operation except that the transient points are controlled by explicit triggers instead of the internal
transient generator. As in pulsed transient operation, the trigger signal can be an external trigger signal, the
GPIB GET function, the *TRG command, the TRIG command, or the ac line or internal timer signals.
26
General Information - 2
List Operation
List mode lets you generate complex sequences of input changes with rapid, precise timing, which may be
synchronized with internal or external signals. This is useful when running test sequences with a minimum
amount of programming overhead.
You can program up to 50 settings (or steps) in the list, the time interval (dwell) that each setting is maintained,
the number of times that the list will be executed, and how the settings change in response to triggers. All listed
data is stored in a non-volatile memory when the *SAV command is executed. This means that the programmed
data for any list will be retained when the electronic load is turned off. Note that lists data can only be saved in
nonvolatile memory locations 0, 7, 8, or 9. List data will not be saved in other memory locations. Use the *RCL
command to recall the saved state.
List steps can be either individually triggered, or paced by a separate list of dwell times which define the
duration of each step. Therefore, each of the up to 50 steps has an associated dwell time, which specifies the
time (in seconds) that the input remains at that step before moving on to the next step. See chapter 5 for detailed
information about programming lists from the front panel.
Triggered Operation
The electronic load has various triggering modes to allow synchronization with other test equipment or events.
The triggering circuits are located in the mainframe, and all modules receive the trigger simultaneously
(although each module is programmed individually as to what operation, if any, will be triggered. As described
previously, triggering can be used for the following applications:
Triggering a preset level
Triggering a transient pulse
Toggling
Triggers can be sent from the front panel by pressing the Trigger key. However you must first initiate the
trigger function by executing the TRIG:IMMED command located in the Trigger Control menu.
Three triggering methods are available over the GPIB: the GET function, the *TRG common SCPI command,
and the TRIG subsystem SCPI command (refer to Programming Guide). The SCPI TRIG subsystem allows
you to select either the ac line frequency, internal timer, or TRIG command as the trigger source. There is also
a TRIGGER connector on the rear panel for external trigger inputs.
Transfers all pending preset levels to the actual level. For the presently active
mode, the new level appears at the input. For the modes which are not presently
active, the preset levels will not take effect at the input until the applicable
mode becomes active.
Generates a transient pulse of programmable width when pulsed transient
operation is in effect.
Changes the input between the main level and the transient level when toggled
transient operation is in effect.
*TRG and the TRIG command are both synchronous with other commands; that is, the modules are not
triggered until pending operations are completed. GET, external triggers, ac-line triggers, and internal-timer
triggers are all asynchronous; that is, the modules are triggered as soon as the trigger signal is received.
27
2 - General Information
If the ac line is selected via the GPIB as the trigger source, triggers will be generated once for each cycle of ac
input power. An ac line frequency of 60 Hz produces a trigger period of 16.67 ms; 50 Hz line frequency
produces a trigger period of 20 ms.
The rear-panel TRIGGER connector also provides a trigger output signal. This signal is generated
synchronously with the trigger signal sent by the mainframe to the modules. The trigger output signal can be
used to trigger an external device such as an oscilloscope, DVM, or another electronic load mainframe.
The electronic load has a status reporting capability to keep track of trigger operations. Refer to 'Status
Reporting' in the Programming Guide.
Slew Rate and Minimum Transition Time
Slew rate is defined as the change in current, resistance, or voltage over time. A programmable slew rate allows
a controlled transition from one load setting to another to minimize induced voltage drops on inductive power
wiring, or to control induced transients on a test device (such as would occur during power supply transient
response testing).
In cases where the transition from one setting to another is large, the actual transition time can be calculated by
dividing the voltage or current transition by the slew rate. The actual transition time is defined as the time
required for the input to change from 10% to 90% or from 90% to 10% of the programmed excursion. In cases
where the transition from one setting to another is small, the small signal bandwidth of the load limits the
minimum transition time for all programmable slew rates. Because of this limitation, the actual transition time is
longer than the expected time based on the slew rate, as shown in Figure 2-7.
Voltage,
Current, or
Resistance
Change
100%
90%
10%
0%
Slew Rate
Expected Time
Actual Time
Time
28
Figure 2-7. Risetime Transition Limitation
General Information - 2
Therefore, both minimum transition time and slew rate must be considered when determining the actual
transition time. This is shown in Figure 2-8, which shows the minimum transition time for a given slew rate as a
horizontal line, and at about a 13.3% or greater load change, the slew rate increases from the minimum
transition time to the Maximum transition time at a 100% load change. The actual transition time will be either
the minimum transition time, or the total slew time (transition divided by slew rate), whichever is longer.
Use the following formula to calculate the minimum transition time (MinTT) for a given slew rate:
MinTT (in seconds) =
__________8__________
slew rate (in amps/second)
Use the following formula to calculate the maximum transition time (MaxTT) for a given slew rate:
MaxTT (in seconds) =
__________60__________
slew rate (in amps/second)
NOTE: In voltage mode, all minimum transition times are based on a low-capacitance current source.
These transition times are affected by capacitive loading of the inputs. For example, a
capacitance of 2.2 microfarads increases the 85 microsecond minimum transition time (shown
in the table) to 110 microseconds.
Minimum
Transition
Time
8000µs
Maximum
60000
µ
s
lew Rate
S
est
w
lo
S
µ
s
6000
e A
Rat
lew
S
Minimum
Transition
Time
8000µs
lew Rate
S
est
w
lo
S
e A
Rat
lew
S
Maximum
60000
µ
s
µ
s
6000
∆
∆
∆ ∆
Time
800µs
80
12
Time
800µs
85
µ
s
600
Slew Rate B
120µs
astest
µ
s
5%
13.3% 16.7%
∆
∆
Voltage (% of full scale)
∆ ∆
F
50% 100%
B.
∆
∆
µ
s
600
Slew Rate B
µ
s
e C
Rat
lew
S
µ
s
5%
13.3% 16.7%
∆
∆
Current (% of full scale)
∆ ∆
e
t
s
a
F
50% 100%
µ
s
60
t
s
µ
s
16
∆ ∆
A.
Figure 2-8. Transition Time Slew Rate Examples
29
2 - General Information
Input Control
Short On/Off
A module can simulate a short circuit at its input by turning the load on with full-scale current. The short circuit
can be toggled on/off at the front panel using the SHORT command in the Func menu, or via the GPIB
(INPUT:SHORT ON|OFF command). The short on/off change uses the slew rate setting of the active mode
and range.
The actual value of the electronic short is dependent on the mode and range that are active when the short is
turned on. In CV mode it is equivalent to programming zero volts. In CC mode it is equivalent to programming
full-scale current for the present current range. In CR mode it is equivalent to programming the minimum
resistance for the present resistance range.
Note that turning the short on in CV mode may cause the load to draw so much current that the software current
limit operates, which may turn the input off.
Turning the short circuit on does not affect the programmed settings, and the load input will return to the
previously programmed values when the short is turned off.
Input On/Off
A module's input can be toggled on/off at the front panel, or via the GPIB (INPUT ON|OFF command). The
input on/off change does not use the slew rate setting so the input will change at the maximum slew rate.
Turning the input off (zero current) does not affect the programmed settings. The input will return to the
previously programmed values when the input is turned on again. Note that the Input On/Off command
supersedes the mode commands and Short On/Off command.
Protection Features
Each load module includes the following protection features:
• Overvoltage.
• Overcurrent (hardware and software).
• Overpower.
• Overtemperature.
• Reverse Voltage.
The appropriate bit(s) in the mainframe's status registers are set when any of the above protection features are
active. Also, the Prot annunciator comes on and the front-panel alphanumeric display indicates which
condition(s) have been detected. For example, if an overtemperature (OT) condition has been detected causing a
module's input to be turned off (protection shutdown, PS), the display will indicate "PS OT".
Resetting Latched Protection
All of the protection features latch (remain set) when they are tripped, except for the hardware overcurrent and
reverse voltage. The latched protection features can be reset via the GPIB (*RST or INP:PROT:CLE
commands) or at the front panel. Of course, the condition that caused the protection feature to trip must be
removed or it will trip again as soon as it is reset.
30
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