Agilent E8241A/44A/51A/54A
PSG Family
Performance Signal Generator
Data Sheet
All specifications and characteristics apply over a 0 to 55°C range
(unless otherwise stated) and
apply after a 45 minute warm-up
time. Supplemental characteristics,
denoted as typical or nominal,
provide additional (non-warranted)
information.
Definitions
Specifications (spec): represent
warranted performance.
Typical (typ): performance is not
warranted. It applies at 25°C.
80% of all products meet typical
performance.
Nominal (nom): values are not
warranted. They represent the
value of a parameter that is most
likely to occur; the expected or
mean value. They are included to
facilitate the application of the
product.
Standard (std): No options are
included when referring to the
signal generator unless noted
otherwise.
CW only Analog
PSG-L Series PSG-A Series
250 kHz to 20 GHz E8241A E8251A
250 kHz to 40 GHz E8244A E8254A
2
Frequency
Range
1
Frequency Range PSG-L Series PSG-A Series
250 kHz to 20 GHz E8241A E8251A
250 kHz to 40 GHz E8244A E8254A
Resolution 0.01 Hz
Accuracy Calibration = aging rate ± temperature effects
± line voltage effects
Switching speed (typical)
2
Analog modulation < 15 ms
Modulation off < 15 ms
Phase offset Adjustable in nominal 0.1° increments.
Frequency bands
Band Frequency range N #
1 250 kHz to 250 MHz 1/8
2 > 250 to 500 MHz 1/16
3 > 500 MHz to 1 GHz 1/8
4 > 1 to 2 GHz 1/4
5 > 2 to 3.2 GHz 1/2
6 > 3.2 to 10 GHz 1
7 > 10 to 20 GHz 2
8 > 20 to 40 GHz 4
Internal timebase reference oscillator
Standard Option UNJ
Aging rate < ±1 x 10–7/year or < ±3 x10–8/year or
< ±4.5 x 10
–9
/day < ±2.5 x 10
–10
/day
after 45 days after 24 hours
Temperature effects (typical) < ±5 x 10–80 to 55°C < ±4.5 x 10–90 to 55°C
Line voltage effects (typical) < ±2 x 10–9for < ±2 x 10
–10
for
+5% –10% change ±10% change
External reference frequency 1, 2, 2.5, 5, 10 MHz 10 MHz only
(within 1 ppm) (within 1 ppm)
Reference output
Frequency 10 MHz
Amplitude > +4 dBm typical into 50Ω load
External reference input
Amplitude > –3 dBm
Opt UNJ 5 dBm ±5 dB
3
Input impedance 50Ω, nominal
Digital sweep
Operating modes Step sweep of frequency or amplitude or both
(Start to stop)
List sweep of frequency or amplitude or both
(Arbitrary list)
Specifications
1
Useable to 100 kHz
2
To within 0.1 ppm of final frequency above 250 MHz or
within 100 Hz below 250 MHz
3
To optimize phase noise 5 dBm ± 2 dB
L and A Series
3
Sweep range
Frequency sweep Within instrument frequency range
Amplitude sweep Within attenuator hold range
Dwell time 1 ms to 60 s
Frequency settling time 28 ms typical
Amplitude settling time 10 ms typical
Number of points 2 to 1601
Triggering Auto, external, single, or GPIB
Output
Power4(dBm)
Frequency range Standard Option 1EA
20 GHz Models
250 kHz to 3.2 GHz –20 to +13 –20 to +16
> 3.2 to 20 GHz –20 to +13 –20 to +20
40 GHz Models
250 kHz to 3.2 GHz –20 to +9 –20 to +15
> 3.2 to 20 GHz –20 to +9 –20 to +18
> 20 to 40 GHz –20 to +9 –20 to +14
20 GHz Models with option 1E1
250 kHz to 3.2 GHz –135 to +11 –135 to +15
> 3.2 to 20 GHz –135 to +11 –135 to +18
40GHz Models with option 1E1
250 kHz to 3.2 GHz –135 to +7 –135 to +14
> 3.2 to 20 GHz –135 to +7 –135 to +16
> 20 to 40 GHz –135 to +7 –135 to +12
Option 1E1 step attenuator 0 dB and 5 to 115 dB in 10 dB steps
Attenuator hold range
(Same as max power sweep range)
Minimum From –20 dBm to maximum specified output power.
Can be offset using Option 1E1 attenuator.
Amplitude switching speed
5
CW or analog modulation < 25 ms, typical
When using power search < 25 ms, typical
CW level accuracy6(dB)
Frequency > +10 dBm +10 to –10 dBm –10 to –20 dBm
250 kHz to 2 GHz ±0.6 ±0.6 ±1.4
2 GHz to 20 GHz ±0.8 ±0.8 ±1.2
> 20 to 40 GHz ±1.0 ±0.9 ±1.3
4
Maximum power specification is warranted from
15 to 35ºC, and is typical from 0 to 15ºC. Maximum
power over the 35 to 55ºC range typically degrades
less than 2 dB.
5
To within 0.1 dB of final amplitude within one
attenuator range
6
Specifications apply over the 15 to 35ºC temperature
range. Degradation outside this range, for power levels
> -10 dBm, is typically < 0.3 dB.
For instruments with type-N connectors (Option 1ED),
specifications are degraded typically 0.2 dB above
18 GHz.
L and A Series
4
CW level accuracy with option 1E17(dB)
Frequency > +10 dBm +10 to –10 dBm –10 to –70 dBm –70 to –90 dBm –90 to –110 dBm
250 kHz to 2 GHz ±0.6 ±0.6 ±0.7 ±0.8 ±1.4
> 2 to 20 GHz ±0.8 ±0.8 ±0.9 ±1.0 ±1.7
> 20 to 40 GHz ±1.0 ±0.9 ±1.0 ±2.0
20 GHz level accuracy 40 GHz level accuracy
Resolution 0.01 dB
Temperature stability 0.01 dB/°C, typical
User flatness correction
Number of points 2 to 1601 points/table
Number of tables Up to 10,000, memory limited
Path loss Arbitrary, within attenuator range
Entry modes Remote power meter
8
, remote bus, manual
(user edit/view)
Output impedance 50 Ω, nominal
SWR (internally leveled, typical)
250 kHz to 2 GHz < 1.4:1
> 2 GHz to 20 GHz < 1.6:1
> 20 GHz to 40 GHz < 1.8:1
Leveling modes Internal leveling, external detector leveling,
millimeter source module, ALC Off
External detector leveling
Range –0.2 mV to –0.5 V, nominal (–36 dBm to +4 dBm
using Agilent 33330D/E detector)
Bandwidth Typically 10 kHz
(Note: not intended for pulsed operation)
Maximum reverse power 1/2 Watt nominal
Spectral purity
Harmonics9(dBc at +10 dBm or maximum
specified output power, whichever is lower)
< 1 MHz –30 dBc typical
1 MHz to 2 GHz –30 dBc
> 2 GHz to 20 GHz –55 dBc
> 20 GHz to 40 GHz –50 dBc typical
7
Specifications apply over the 15 to 35ºC temperature
range, with attenuator lock off (normal operating
mode). Degradation outside this range, for ALC power
levels > -10 dBm, is typically < 0.3 dB.
For instruments with type-N connectors (Option 1ED),
specifications are degraded typically 0.2 dB above
18 GHz. Level accuracy is not specified below -110 dBm.
8
Compatible with Agilent Technologies EPM Series
(E4418B and E4419B) power meters.
9
Specifications for harmonics beyond maximum
instrument frequencies are typical.
L and A Series
Measured level accuracy +5 dBm option 1E1
1.0
0.5
0.0
Level error (dB)
-0.5
-1.0
0 5000 10000 15000 20000
Frequency (MHz)
Measured level accuracy +5 dBm option 1E1
1.0
0.5
0.0
Level error (dB)
-0.5
-1.0
0 10000 20000 30000 40000
Frequency (MHz)
5
20 GHz Measured harmonics 40 GHz Measured harmonics
Sub-harmonics: 10(dBc at +10 dBm or maximum
specified output power, whichever is lower)
250 kHz to 10 GHz None
> 10 GHz to 20 GHz < –60 dBc
> 20 GHz to 40 GHz < –50 dBc
Non-harmonics: (dBc at +10 dBm or
maximum specified output power, whichever
is lower, for offsets > 3 KHz (>300 Hz with Option UNJ))
11
Frequency Spec Typical
250 kHz to 250 MHz < –65 –72 for > 10 kHz offsets
> 250 MHz to 1 GHz < –80 < –88
> 1 to 2 GHz < –74 < –82
> 2 to 3.2 GHz < –68 –76
> 3.2 to 10 GHz < –62 –70
> 10 to 20 GHz < –56 –64
> 20 to 40 GHz < –50 –58
SSB phase noise (CW)
Offset from Carrier (dBc/Hz)
Frequency 20 kHz 20 kHz typical
250 kHz to 250 MHz –130 –134
> 250 to 500 MHz –136 –140
> 500 MHz to 1 GHz –130 –134
> 1 to 2 GHz –124 –128
> 2 to 3.2 GHz –120 –124
> 3.2 to 10 GHz –110 –113
> 10 to 20 GHz –104 –108
> 20 to 40 GHz –98 –102
10
Specifications for harmonics beyond maximum
instrument frequencies are typical.
11
Performance is typical for spurs at frequencies above
the maximum operating frequency of the instrument.
Specifications apply for CW mode only. Performance
typically is –60 dBc between 200 and 250 MHz.
L and A Series
Measured harmonics +10 dBm
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
Harmonics (dBc)
-80
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000
Frequency (MHz)
Harmonics (dBc)
Measured harmonics +10 dBm
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
0 5000 10000 15000 20000
Frequency (MHz)
6
Option UNJ: Improved SSB phase noise
Offset from carrier (dBc/Hz)
Frequency 100 Hz 1 kHz 10 kHz 100 kHz
spec (typ) spec (typ) spec (typ) spec (typ)
250 kHz to 250 MHz –94 (–115) –110 (–123) –128 (–132) –130 (–133)
> 250 to 500 MHz –100 (–110) –124 (–130) –132 (–136) –136 (–141)
> 500 MHz to 1 GHz –94 (–104) –118 (–126) –130 (–135) –130 (–135)
> 1 to 2 GHz –88 (–98) –112 (–120) –124 (–129) –124 (–129)
> 2 to 3.2 GHz –84 (–94) –108 (–116) –120 (–125) –120 (–125)
> 3.2 to 10 GHz –74 (–84) –98 (–106) –110 (–115) –110 (–115)
> 10 to 20 GHz –68 (–78) –92 (–100) –104 (–107) –104 (–109)
> 20 to 40 GHz –62 (–72) –86 (–94) –98 (–101) –98 (–103)
Residual FM < N x 6 Hz, typical
Option UNJ < N x 4 Hz, typical
(rms, 50 Hz to 15 kHz bandwidth)
Broadband noise (CW mode at +10 dBm output,
for offsets > 10 MHz)
> 0.25 to 20 GHz < –148 dBc/Hz typical
> 20 to 40 GHz < –141 dBc/Hz typical
10 100 1K 10K 100K 1M 10M 100M
L(f) [dBc/Hz] versus f [Hz]
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
-90
-100
-110
-120
-130
-140
-150
-160
-170
40 GHz
10 GHz
1 GHz
10 100 1K 10K 100K 1M 10M 100M
M(f) [dBc/Hz] versus f [Hz]
-60
-70
-80
-90
-100
-110
-120
-130
-140
-150
-160
L and A Series
Measured phase noise
Standard Product Option UNJ
Measured AM noise at 10 GHz
Measured Standard vs. Option UNJ at 10 GHz
40 GHz
1 GHz
10 GHz
Standard
Option UNJ
7
Frequency modulation
Maximum deviation N x 8 MHz
Resolution 0.1% of deviation or 1 Hz, whichever is greater
Deviation accuracy < ± 3.5% of FM deviation + 20 Hz
(1 kHz rate, deviations < N x 800 kHz)
Modulation frequency response
Path Rates (at 100 kHz deviation)
1 dB Bandwidth 3 dB Bandwidth, typical
FM 1 dc/20 Hz to 100 kHz dc/5 Hz to 10 MHz
FM 2 dc/20 Hz to 100 kHz dc/5 Hz to 1 MHz
dc FM12carrier offset ±0.1% of set deviation + (N x 8 Hz)
Distortion < 1% (1 kHz rate, deviations < N x 800 kHz)
Sensitivity ±1 Vpeak for indicated deviation
Paths FM1 and FM2 are summed internally for composite
modulation. Either path may be switched to any
one of the modulation sources: Ext1, Ext2,
internal1, internal2. The FM2 path is limited to a
maximum rate of 1 MHz. The FM2 path must be set
to a deviation less than FM1.
Phase modulation
Maximum deviation N x 80 radians
(N x 8 radians in high-bandwidth mode)
Resolution 0.1% of set deviation
Deviation accuracy < ±5% of deviation + 0.01 radians
(1 kHz rate, normal BW mode)
Modulation frequency response
Mode Maximum Deviation Rates (3 dB BW)
Normal BW N x 80 rad dc – 100 kHz
High BW N x 8 rad dc – 1 MHz (typ)
Distortion < 1 % (1 kHz rate, THD, dev < N x 80 rad,
normal BW mode)
Sensitivity ±1 Vpeak for indicated deviation
Path FM1 and FM2 are summed internally for
composite modulation. Either path may be switched
to any one of the modulation sources: Ext1, Ext2,
internal1, internal2. The FM2 path must be
set to a deviation less than FM1.
12
At the calibrated deviation and carrier frequency,
within 5°C of ambient temperature at time of user
calibration.
A Series only
8
Amplitude modulation (fc > 2 MHz)
13
(typical)
Exponential (log) mode
Depth Linear mode (Downward modulation only)
Maximum > 90% > 20 dB
Settable
14
0 - 100 % 0 to 40 dB
Resolution 0.1% 0.01 dB
Accuracy < ±(6 % of setting + 1 %) < ±(2% of setting + 0.2 dB)
(1 kHz rate)
Ext sensitivity ±1 Vpeak for –1 V for indicated depth
indicated depth
Rates (3 dB bandwidth, 30% depth) dc/10 Hz to 100 kHz typical (useable to 1 MHz)
Distortion (1 kHz rate, linear mode, THD)
30% AM < 1.5%
90% AM < 4 %
Path AM1 and AM2 are summed internally for
composite modulation. Either path may be switched
to any one of the modulation sources: Ext1, Ext2,
internal1, internal2.
External modulation inputs (Ext1 & Ext2)
Modulation types AM, FM, and FM
Input impedance 50 or 600 Ω, nominal, switched
High/low indicator
(100 Hz to 10 MHz BW, ac coupled inputs only) Activated when input level error exceeds
3%, nominal
Simultaneous modulation All modulation types may be simultaneously
enabled except: FM with FM, and linear AM with
exponential AM. AM, FM, and FM can sum
simultaneous inputs from any two sources (Ext1,
Ext2, internal1, or internal2) Any given source
(Ext1, Ext2, internal1, or internal2) may be routed
to only one activated modulation type.
Internal modulation source Dual function generators provides two independent
signals (internal1 and internal2) for use with
AM, FM, FM, or LF Out.
Waveforms Sine, square, positive ramp, negative ramp, triangle,
Gaussian noise, uniform noise, swept sine,
dual sine
15
Rate range
Sine 0.5 Hz to 1 MHz
Square, ramp, triangle 0.5 Hz to 100 kHz
Resolution 0.5 Hz
Accuracy Same as timebase
13
For f c < 2 MHz AM is usable but not specified.
AM specifications apply with ALC on, and envelope
peaks < maximum specified power. For instruments
without Option 1E1 attenuator, specs apply for
carrier amplitude > –2 dBm.
14
For AM depth settings > 90% or > 20 dB, deep AM
mode or 1 kHz ALC BW is recommended.
15
Internal2 is not available when using swept sine or
dual sine modes.
A Series only
9
LF out
Output Internal1 or internal2. Also provides monitoring of
internal1 or internal2 when used for AM, FM,
or FM.
Amplitude 0 to 3 Vpeak, nominal into 50 Ω
Output impedance 50 W, nominal
Swept sine mode:
(frequency, phase continuous)
Operating modes Triggered or continuous sweeps
Frequency range 1 Hz to 1 MHz
Sweep rate 0.5 Hz to 100 k sweeps/s, equivalent to
sweep times 10 us to 2 s
Resolution 0.5 Hz (0.5 sweep/s)
Pulse modulation
≥ 500 MHz to ≤ 3.2 GHz16> 3.2 GHz
Power range
Internally leveled 0 to +10 dBm 0 to +10 dBm
With option 1E1 –110 to +10 dBm –110 to +10 dBm
On/off ratio 80 dB typical 80 dB
Rise/fall times (Tr, Tf) 100 ns typical 10 ns (6 ns typical)
Pulse width
Internally leveled ≥ 2 µs typical ≥ 1µs
ALC Off ≥ 0.5 µs typical ≥ 20 ns typical
Repetition freq
Internally leveled 10 Hz to 250 kHz typical 10 Hz to 500 kHz typical
ALC Off dc to 1 MHz typical dc to 10 MHz typical
Level accuracy (relative to CW)
Internally leveled ±0.5 dB ±0.4 dB (±0.15 typical)
ALC Off with power search
17
±0.5 dB typical ≤ 20 GHz ±0.8 dB typical
≤ 40 GHz ±1.2 dB typical
Width compression ±50 ns typical ±5 ns typical
Video feedthrough
18
< 200 mV typical < 2 mV typical
Pulse delay
(ext input to RF output) 300 ns nominal 70 ns nominal
Pulse overshoot (Vor) < 10% typical
Input level +1 Vpeak = RF On
Input impedance 50 Ω, nominal
16
For improved performance ≤ 3.2 GHz, special Option
HE6 is available. Contact your local Agilent Online
representative.
17
Power search is a calibration routine that improves
level accuracy in ALC-off mode. Unpulsed RF power
will be present typically up to 5 ms when executing
power search.
18
With attenuator in 0 dB position. Video feed-through
decreases with attenuator setting.
A Series only
10
Measured pulse modulation envelope
Internal pulse generator
Modes Free-run, triggered, triggered with delay, doublet,
and gated. Triggered with delay, doublet, and
gated require external trigger source.
Period (PRI) (Tp) 70 ns to 42 s
(Repetition frequency: 0.024 Hz to 14.28 MHz)
Pulse width (Tw) 10 ns to 42 s
Delay (Td)
Free-run mode 0 to ±42 s
Triggered with delay and doublet modes 75 ns to 42s with ±10 ns jitter
Resolution 10 ns (width, delay, and PRI)
RF delay (Tm) < 20 ns typical
T
d
Video delay (variable)
T
w
Video pulse width (variable)
T
p
Pulse period (variable)
T
m
RF delay
T
rf
RF pulse width
T
f
RF pulse fall time
T
r
RF pulse rise time
V
or
Pulse overshoot
V
f
Video feedthrough
Remote programming
Interfaces GPIB (IEEE-488.2,1987) with listen and talk, RS-232,
and 10-base T-LAN interface.
Control languages SCPI version 1992.0. Also will emulate most
applicable Agilent 836xxB, Agilent 8373xB, and
Agilent 8340/41B commands, providing general
compatibility with ATE systems which include these
signal generators.
IEEE-488 functions SH1, AH1, T6, TE0, L4, LE0, SR1, RL1, PP0, DC1,
DT0, C0, E2.
VXIplug&play drivers Are available.
0 10203040506070 8090100
Timebase (nsec)
300
240
180
120
60
0
-60
-120
-180
-240
-300
Voltage (mV)
Sync
Output
Video
Output
RF Pulse
Output
90%
10%
50%
50% 50%
T
p
T
w
T
d
T
m
V
or
T
rf
T
f
T
r
V
f
A Series only
L and A Series
11
ISO compliant This family of signal generators is manufactured in
an ISO-9001 registered facility in concurrence with
Agilent Technologies commitment to quality.
General
Power requirements 90 to 132 Vac 50 to 60 Hz, or 195 to 267
Vac 50 to 60 or 400 Hz, (automatically selected),
300 W maximum.
Operating temperature range 0 to 55°C
Storage temperature range –40 to 71°C
Shock and vibration Meets MIL-STD-28800E Type III, Class 3.
EMC Conducted and radiated interference and immunity
meets IEC/EN 61326-1 and MIL-STD-461C Part 2,
RE02. Meets radiated emission requirements
of CISPR Pub 11/1997 Group 1 class A.
Storage registers Memory is shared by instrument states, user data
files, sweep list files, and waveform sequences.
Depending on the number and size of these files,
up to 800 storage registers and 10 register
sequences are available.
Security Display blanking.
Compatibility Agilent 83550 Series millimeter heads
Self-test Internal diagnostic routine tests most modules
(including microcircuits) in a preset condition. For
each module, if its node voltages are within
acceptable limits, then module “passes” the test.
Weight < 22 kg (48 lb.) net, < 30 kg (68 lb.) shipping.
Dimensions 178 mm H x 426 mm W x 498 mm D
(7” H x 16.8” W x 19.6” D in.).
Front panel connectors
(All connectors are BNC female unless otherwise noted.)
RF output Nominal output impedance 50 Ω.
For 20 GHz models Precision APC-3.5 male, or Type-N with Option 1ED.
For 40 GHz models Precision 2.4 mm male; plus 2.4-2.4 mm and
2.4-2.9 mm female adaptors also included.
ALC input Used for negative external detector leveling.
Nominal input impedance 120 kΩ,
damage level ±15 V.
LF output (PSG–A Series only) Outputs the internally generated LF source.
Nominal output impedance 50 Ω.
External input 1 (PSG–A Series only) Drives either AM, FM, or FM. Nominal input
impedance 50 or 600 Ω, damage levels are
5 Vrms and 10 Vpeak.
External input 2 (PSG–A Series only) Drives either AM, FM, or FM. Nominal input
impedance 50 or 600 Ω, damage levels are
5 Vrms and 10 Vpeak.
Pulse/trigger gate input (PSG–A Series only) Accepts input signal for external fast pulse
modulation. Also accepts external trigger pulse
input for internal pulse modulation. Nominal
impedance 50 Ω. Damage levels are 5 Vrms and
10 Vpeak.
Pulse video out (A series only) Outputs a signal that follows the RF output in all
pulse modes. TTL-level compatible, nominal
source impedance 50 Ω.
L and A Series
Product specifications and descriptions in this docu-
ment subject to change without notice.
©
Agilent Technologies, Inc. 2002
Printed in USA, March 13, 2002
5988-2412EN
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Pulse sync out (A series only) Outputs a synchronizing pulse, nominally 50 ns
width, during internal and triggered pulse
modulation. TTL-level compatible, nominal
source impedance 50 Ω.
Rear panel connectors
(All connectors are BNC female
unless otherwise noted.)
Serial interface Used for serial communication
(9-pin RS-232 connector female).
GPIB Allows communication with compatible devices.
LAN Allows LAN communication
10 MHz input Accepts an external reference (timebase) input (at
1, 2, 2.5, 5, 10 MHz for standard and 10 MHz only
for option UNJ) Nominal input impedance 50 Ω.
Damage levels > +10 dBm
10 MHz output Outputs internal or external reference signal.
Nominal output impedance 50 Ω.
Nominal output power +4 dBm
Sweep output Generates output voltage, 0 to +10 V when signal
generator is sweeping. Output impedance < 1 Ω,
can drive 2000 Ω.
Trigger output Outputs a TTL signal: high at start of dwell, or
when waiting for point trigger in manual sweep
mode; low when dwell is over or point trigger is
received, high or low 4 us pulse at start of LF sweep.
Trigger input Accepts TTL signal for triggering point-to-point in
manual sweep mode, or to trigger start of LF
sweep. Damage levels ≥ +10 V or ≤ –4 V.
Source module interface Provides bias, flatness correction, and leveling
connections to the model 83550 Series mm-wave
source modules.
Source settled output Provides an output trigger that indicates when the
signal generator has settled to a new frequency or
power level (open-collector output).
EFC > 0.25 ppm for -5 to +5 V
Recommended calibration cycle 24 months
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