Agilent 89441A Data Sheet

Definitions
Analog demodulation mode = Measurements with AM,
PM, and FM demodulation capabilities.
Baseband = dc to 10 MHz measurements.
Baseband time = Time-domain measurements selected
by setting start frequency to exactly 0 Hz or choos­ing full span in 0 to 10 MHz measurements.
dBc = dB relative to input signal level.
setting. Full scale is approximately 2 dB below ADC overload.
FS or fs = Full scale; synonymous with amplitude range or input range.
RBW = Resolution bandwidth.
RF = 2 MHz to 2.65 GHz measurements.
Scalar mode = Measurements with only frequency-
domain analysis available. Frequency spans up to 2648 MHz.
SNR = Signal to noise ratio.
Vector mode = Measurements with frequency- and
time-domain capabilities. Frequency spans up to 10 MHz in baseband, and 7 MHz for RF analysis (8 MHz with Option 89441A-AYH).
Zoom time = Time-domain measurements selected by setting frequency parameters using center fre­quency and span values.
Introduction
Specifications describe warranted performance over the temperature range of 0° to 45°C (except where noted) and include a 30-minute warm-up from ambient conditions, automatic calibrations enabled, auto-zero on, time domain calibration off, and anti-alias filter in, unless noted otherwise. Supplemental characteristics identified as “typical” or “characteristic” provide useful information by giving non-warranted performance parameters. Typical performance is applicable from 20° to 30°C. When enabled, automatic calibrations are periodi­cally performed to compensate for the effects of temperature and time sensitivities. During the cali­bration, no signals > 0 dBm should be connected to the front panel inputs.
Feature summary
Frequency
dc to 2.650 GHz 51 to 3201 points Center frequency signal-tracking
Instrument modes
Scalar (frequency-domain only) Vector (amplitude and phase information in
frequency and time domain and also time gating)
Analog demodulation (AM/FM/PM)
Sweep types
Continuous Manual Single
Agilent 89441A
Vector Signal Analyzer dc to 2.65 GHz
Data Sheet
2
Triggering
Free run External Input channel External arm IF channel Programmable polarity Internal source and level GPIB Pre and post delay Trigger holdoff
Averaging
Video Peak hold Video exponential Simultaneous display of Time instantaneous and Time exponential average spectrum
Source types
CW Periodic chirp Random noise Arbitrary (up to 8192 points)
Input
One channel Second 10 MHz input channel (optional) Auto-ranging (baseband only) Overload indicators
50/75/1M BNC (dc to 10 MHz) 50 Type-N, 75 with minimum-loss pad (2 MHz to
2650 MHz)
Resolution/window shapes
1-3-10 bandwidth steps Arbitrary RBW Windows: Flat-top (high amplitude accuracy),
Gaussian-top (high dynamic range), Hanning (high frequency resolution), Uniform
Detectors: normal, positive peak, sample
Measurement data
Spectrum Time capture PSD Frequency response, Main time coherence, cross Gate time spectrum, and cross Math function correlation (with second Data register 10 MHz input channel) Auto correlation Instantaneous spectrum
Data format
Log magnitude Imaginary part Linear magnitude Group delay Phase (wrap or unwrap) Log/linear x-axis Real part
Trace math
Display
1, 2, or 4 grids 1 to 4 traces displayed (single or overlay) Auto-scaling Color (user definable) User trace title and information Graticule on/off Data label blanking X-axis scaling Instrument/Measurement state displays External monitor
Markers
Marker search: Peak, next peak, next peak right,
next peak, left, minimum
Marker to: Center frequency, reference level, start
frequency, stop frequency Offset markers Couple markers between traces Marker functions: Peak track, frequency counter, band
power (frequency, time, or demodulation
results), peak/average statistics
Memory and data-storage
Disk devices Nonvolatile RAM disk (100 Kbyte) Volatile RAM disk (up to 20 Mbyte) 90 mm (3.5-inch) 1.44 Mbyte flexible disk (LIF or
MS-DOS® formats) External GPIB disk Disk format and file delete, rename, and copy Nonvolatile clock with time/date Save/recall of: Trace data, instrument states, trace
math functions, Instrument BASIC program,
time-capture buffers
Online help Hard copy output
GPIB/HPGL plotters GPIB/RS-232/parallel printers Plot to file Time stamp Single-plot spooling
Interfaces
GPIB (IEEE 488.1 and 488.2) External reference in/out External PC-style keyboard Active probe power RS-232 (one port) Centronics LAN and second GPIB
Standard data format utilities
Optional features
Second 10 MHz input channel (Option 89441A-AY7) Extend time capture to 1 MSample (Option
89441A-AY9) Internal RF source (Option 89441A-AY8) Instrument BASIC (Option 89441A-1C2) Vector modulation analysis (Option 89441A-AYA) Digital video modulation analysis (Option
89441A-AYH) Waterfall and spectrogram (Option 89441A-AYB) Advanced LAN support (Option 89441A-UG7) 3GPP W-CDMA analysis, includes code domain
power (Option 89441A-080) W-CDMA code domain power for exper. sys.
(Option 89441A-B73) ARIB 1.0-1.2 W-CDMA analysis (Option 89441A-B79) Enhanced data rates for GSM evol. (EDGE)
(Option 89441A-B7A)
Agilent 89441A technical data – feature summary
3
RF specifications apply with the receiver mode set to “RF section (2–2650 MHz).”
Frequency
Frequency tuning
Frequency range 2 MHz to 2650 MHz Frequency span
Scalar mode 1 Hz to 2648 MHz Vector mode 1 Hz to 7 MHz (8 MHz
with Option 89441A-AYH)
Center frequency tuning
resolution 0.001 Hz
Number of frequency
points/span 51 to 3201
Signal track (when enabled) keeps the largest measured signal at the center frequency. Frequency accuracy (with standard high-precision frequency reference)
Frequency accuracy is the sum of initial accuracy, aging, and temperature drift.
Initial accuracy ±0.1 ppm Aging ±0.015 ppm/month Temperature drift ±0.005 ppm (0° to 55°C)
Frequency counter
The frequency counter operates in scalar or vector mode.
Frequency counter accuracy: Total accuracy is the sum of the frequency counter’s basic accuracy and the instrument’s frequency accuracy.
Conditions/exceptions:
Signal-to-noise ratio within resolution bandwidth,
20 dB minimum Marker within 1⁄2 resolution bandwidth of peak Unspecified for uniform window and resolution
bandwidth < 5 Hz
Stability (spectral purity) (with standard high­precision frequency reference or equivalent with
5 dBm level)
Phase noise (absolute and residual): F
in
200 MHz
100 Hz offset < –103 dBc/Hz 1 kHz offset < –112 dBc/Hz
10 kHz offset < –116 dBc/Hz
200 MHz Fin≤ 1 GHz
100 Hz offset < –96 dBc/Hz 1 kHz offset < –104 dBc/Hz
10 kHz offset < –116 dBc/Hz
1 GHz Fin≤ 2650 MHz
100 Hz offset < –87 dBc/Hz 1 kHz offset < –97 dBc/Hz
10 kHz offset < –116 dBc/Hz
LO spurious sidebands
Offset > 1 kHz < –75 dBc
Offset 1 kHz
f
in
2 GHz < –70 dBc
fin> 2 GHz < –68 dBc
Agilent 89441A technical data – RF
Frequency counter basic accuracy
Spectral purity at 1 GHz
4
Agilent 89441A technical data – RF
Resolution bandwidth
Range 312.5 µHz to 3 MHz in 1, 3, 10
sequence or arbitrary user-definable bandwidth
Note: In scalar mode, the minimum resolution
bandwidth is 312.5 µHz and the maximum resolu-
tion bandwidth is a function of span. In vector mode, the minimum resolution bandwidth is a function of span and the number of frequency points, and the maximum resolution bandwidth is a function of span only.
Passband Sideband
Window Selectivity
1
flatness level
Flat-top 2.45:1 + 0, –0.01 dB –95 dBc
Gaussian-top 4.0:1 + 0, –0.68 dB –125 dBc
Hanning 9.1:1 + 0, –1.5 dB –32 dBc
Uniform 716:1 + 0, –4 dB –13 dBc
1. Shape factor or ratio of –60 dB to –3 dB bandwidths.
Amplitude
Input range –50 dBm to +25 dBm
(5 dB steps)
Maximum safe input power
Average continuous +25 dBm (300 mW)
power
DC voltage 25 V
A/D overload level > 1.5 dB above range (typical)
Input port
Input channels 1
VSWR
Range – 20 dBm 1.6:1 (12.7 dB return loss) Range –25 dBm 1.8:1 (11 dB return loss)
Impedance 50 (75 with minimum-
loss pad Option 89441A-1D7)
Connector Type-N
Amplitude accuracy
Accuracy specifications apply with flat-top window selected. Amplitude accuracy is the sum of absolute full-scale accuracy and amplitude linearity.
Absolute full-scale accuracy (with signal level equal to range)
20° – 30°C 0° – 55°C
–25 dBm range ±1 dB ±2 dB
(0.5 dB typical)
–30 dBm range ±1.5 dB ±3 dB
(0.5 dB typical)
Amplitude linearity
0 to –30 dBfs < 0.10 dB –30 to –50 dBfs < 0.15 dB –50 to –70 dBfs < 0.20 dB
In vector mode, relative level accuracy within a single span is the sum of vector mode frequency response and amplitude linearity.
Vector mode frequency response ±0.4 dB (relative to the center frequency)
5
Dynamic range
Dynamic range indicates the amplitude range that is free of erroneous signals within the measure­ment bandwidth.
Harmonic distortion (with a single full scale signal at the input)
–25 dBm range < –75 dBc–30 dBm range < –54 dBc
Third-order intermodulation < –75 dBc distortion (with two input tones at
6 dB below full scale and 10 MHz)
General spurious (with input signal level equal to
range and input frequency 2650 MHz)
For spans 1.5 MHz and for < –75 dBc
offset frequencies .5 MHz
from input signal
For all spans and offsets <–70 dBc
1
Residual responses (50 input) <–80 dBfs Input noise density (50 input, vector mode or
scalar mode with sample detector)
2
20°– 30°C 0° – 55°C
–25 dBm range < –115 dBfs/Hz < –112 dBfs/Hz–30 dBm range < –110 dBfs/Hz < –109 dBfs/Hz
Sensitivity
2
–50 dBm range < –160 dBm/Hz < –159 dBm/Hz
Phase (vector mode)
Phase specifications apply with flat-top window selected.
Deviation from linear phase (relative to best fit line with peak signal level within 6 dB of full scale): ±5 deg
Time (vector mode)
Time-sample resolution = 1/(k*span(Hz)) [second]; where k = 1.28 for zoom time.
Main time length = (number of frequency points –
1) ÷ span (Hz) [second]; for resolution bandwidth
in arbitrary and auto-coupled mode.
Amplitude accuracy (for a sine wave in the meas­urement passband, time-domain calibrations on,
range –25 dBm)
20° – 30°C ±12% full scale
(±6% typical)
0° – 55°C ±26% full scale
Sample error rate for zoom time (typical)
Error threshold: 10–8times/sample 5% full scale
Sample error rate reflects the probability of an error greater than the error threshold occurring in one time sample.
1. < -60 dBc for RF (2-2650 MHz)-wide (Option 89441A-AYH)
2. Add 4 dB for RF (2-2650 MHz)-wide (Option 89441A-AYH)
Agilent 89441A technical data – RF
6
Agilent 89441A technical data – RF
Analog demodulation
Demodulation specifications apply with demodula­tion mode selected and time-domain calibration on.
AM, PM, or FM demodulation. Auto carrier locking is available with PM or FM demodulators and the carrier value determined is a displayable marker function.
Demodulator bandwidth (determined by selected measurement span)
Maximum bandwidth 7 MHz (typical)
AM demodulation (typical performance)
Accuracy ±1% Dynamic range 60 dB (100%) for a pure AM
signal
Cross demodulation < 0.3% AM on an FM signal
with 10 kHz modulation, 200 kHz deviation
PM demodulation (typical performance)
Accuracy ±3 degrees Dynamic range 60 dB (rad) for a pure PM
signal
Cross demodulation < 1 degree PM on an AM
signal with 80% modulation
FM demodulation (typical performance)
Accuracy ±1% of span Dynamic range 60 dB (Hz) for a pure FM
signal
Cross demodulation < 0.5% of span FM on an AM
signal with 80% modulation
Trigger
Trigger types
Scalar mode Free run, internal source,
GPIB, external (each measurement step requires a separate trigger)
Vector mode Free run, IF channel,
internal source, GPIB, external
Pre-trigger delay range (see time specifications for sample resolution)
One channel 64 Ksamples (1 Msample
with extended time capture, Option
89441A-AY9) Two channels 32 Ksamples (0.5 Msample (requires second with extended time 10 MHz input, capture, Option 89441A-AY7) Option 89441A-AY9)
Post-trigger delay 2 Gsample range (see time specifications for sample resolution)
Trigger holdoff
When enabled, each measurement requires two trigger events. The first event starts a holdoff timer. After the specified holdoff time, a subse­quent trigger event will initiate a measurement.
Holdoff resolution 2.5 µs Holdoff range 2.5 µs to 41 s
IF trigger (characteristics only)
Used to trigger only on in-band energy, where the trigger bandwidth is determined by the measurement span (rounded to the next higher 107/2n[Hz]).
Amplitude resolution < 1 dB Amplitude ranges +1 to –70 dBfs. Usable
range will become limited
by the total integrated noise
in the measurement span.
IF trigger hysterysis < 4 dB
External trigger (positive and negative slope)
Level accuracy ±0.5 V Range ±5 V
Input impedance 10 k(typical)
External arm
Level accuracy ±0.5 V
7
Range ±5 V
Input impedance 10 k(typical)
Source (requires internal RF source Option 89441A-AY8)
Source types
1
CW (fixed sine),
(vector mode) random noise,
periodic chirp, arbitrary
Frequency
Range 2 MHz to 2650 MHz Maximum offset from center 3.5 MHz frequency
Amplitude (fixed sine source type)
Amplitude range –40 dBm to +13 dBm
Typical maximum +17 dBm amplitude (overdrive is available using direct numeric entry)
Amplitude resolution 0.1 dB
Amplitude accuracy (source level 13 dBm)
Source amplitude accuracy is the sum of absolute accuracy at the center frequency (zero offset frequency) and the IF flatness.
20° – 30°C 0°– 55°C
Absolute accuracy ±1.2 dB ±3.5 dB at the center frequency IF flatness (relative ±1dB ±1.5 dB to center frequency) IF Flatness with ±0.3 dB
|offset frequency| 500 kHz
Dynamic range (source level 0 dBm)
Harmonic distortion < –40 dBc Non-harmonic spurious < –40 dBc (within measurement bandwidth) Average noise level < –120 dBc/Hz (for offsets > 1 MHz from the carrier and carrier frequency > 100 MHz. For offsets < 1 MHz, add
the LO phase noise.) Crosstalk (source-to-receiver, –80 dBfs
source level 0 dBm)
Source port
VSWR
Level –10 dBm 1.8:1 (11 dB return loss)
Impedance 50 (75 with optional
minimum-loss pad)
Connector Type-N
Agilent 89441A technical data – RF
1. See baseband section for random noise, periodic chirp, and arbitrary source characteristics.
Baseband specifications apply with the receiver mode set to “IF section (0–10 MHz)” or “RF section (0–10 MHz)” unless noted otherwise. Specifications noted as “IF section only” apply with the receiver mode set to “IF section (0–10 MHz)” and the input signal connected directly to the IF section’s channel 1 or channel 2 input.
Frequency
Frequency tuning (characteristic only)
Frequency range dc to 10 MHz Frequency span 1.0 Hz to 10 MHz Center frequency tuning resolution 0.001 Hz Number of frequency points/span 51 to 3201 Signal track (when enabled) keeps the largest measured signal at the center frequency.
Frequency accuracy
Same as the RF specifications.
Frequency counter
Same as the RF specifications.
Stability (spectral purity)
Absolute and residual phase noise, Fin= 10 MHz (with standard high precision frequency reference or equivalent)
100 Hz offset < –106 dBc/Hz 1 kHz offset < –110 dBc/Hz
10 kHz offset < –120 dBc/Hz
Phase noise decreases with decreasing input frequency by 20 log10(Fin/10 MHz) dB
Resolution bandwidth
Same as the RF specifications.
Amplitude
Input range (characteristic only) (2 dB steps)
50 input –30 dBm to +24 dBm 75 input –31.761 dBm to +22.239 dB
1 MW input –30 dBm to +28 dBm
(referenced to 50 )
Maximum safe input power
50 /75 input +27 dBm 1 Minput 20 V peak
Auto-ranging (characteristic only)
Up-only, up-down, single, off
Input port
Input channels 1 (second 10 MHz input
channel optional)
Return loss (IF section only)
50 input > 25 dB 75 input > 20 dB
Coupling dc/ac (ac coupling
attenuation < 3 dB at 3 Hz)
Input impedance 50/75 , 1 M±2%
(IF section only) (< 80 pF shunt capacitance)
Connector BNC (RF section: type-N)
Amplitude accuracy
Accuracy specifications apply with flat-top window selected. Amplitude accuracy is the sum of absolute full-scale accuracy and amplitude linearity.
Absolute full-scale ±0.5 dB accuracy (IF section only, with signal level equal to range)
Amplitude linearity
0 to –30 dBfs < 0.10 dB –30 to –50 dBfs < 0.15 dB –50 to –70 dBfs < 0.20 dB
Residual dc (50 ) < –25 dBfs
8
Agilent 89441A technical data – baseband
9
Dynamic range
Dynamic range indicates the amplitude range that is free of erroneous signals within the measure­ment bandwidth.
Harmonic distortion (with a single full scale signal at the input)
2nd < –75 dBc (–80 dBc typical) 3rd, 4th, 5th < –75 dBc (–85 dBc typical)
Intermodulation distortion (with two input tones at 6 dB below full scale)
Second-order < –75 dBc (–80 dBc typical) Third-order < –75 dBc (–85 dBc typical)
Residual (spurious) responses (IF section only)
(50 input and front panel connections to RF
section disconnected)
Frequencies < 1 MHz < –75 dBfs or < –100 dBm
whichever is greater
Frequencies 1 MHz < –80 dBfs
Alias responses (for a < –80 dBfs single out-of-band tone at full scale)
Input noise density (50 input, vector mode or
scalar mode with sample detector)
1 kHz to 40 kHz < –101 dBfs/Hz 40 kHz to 10 MHz < –114 dBfs/Hz
(–118 dBfs/Hz typical)
Sensitivity (–30 dBm range, 50 W input, vector mode or scalar mode with sample detector)
1 kHz to 40 kHz < –13l dBm/Hz 40 kHz to 10 MHz < –144 dBm/Hz
(–148 dBm/Hz typical)
Crosstalk < –85 dBfs (source-to-input or channel-to-channel,
50 terminations)
Phase (vector mode)
Phase specifications apply with flat-top window selected.
Deviation from linear ±5 degrees phase (relative to best fit line with peak signal level within 6 dB of full scale)
Time (vector mode)
Time-sample resolution = 1/(k*span(Hz)) [second]; where k = 1.28 for zoom time, 2.56 for baseband time measurements.
Main time length = (number of frequency points – 1)
÷ span (Hz) [second]; for resolution bandwidth in
arbitrary and auto-coupled mode.
Amplitude accuracy ±5% full scale (IF section only) (for a sinewave in the measure­ment passband, time­domain calibrations on)
Sample error rate for zoom time (typical)
Error threshold: 10–8times/sample 5% full scale
Sample error rate reflects the probability of an
error greater than the error threshold occurring in one time sample.
Analog channel-to-channel < 1 ns time skew (IF section only) (time-domain calibrations on,both channels on the same range)
Analog demodulation
Same as RF analog demodulation specifications except as noted below.
Demodulator bandwidth (determined by selected measurement span)
Maximum bandwidth 10 MHz (typical)
Agilent 89441A technical data – baseband
Typical harmonic and intermodulation distortion
10
Agilent 89441A technical data – baseband
Two-channel
The second 10 MHz input channel (Option 89441A­AY7) provides additional measurements, including frequency response, coherence, cross spectrum, and cross correlation. These measurements are made by comparing a signal on channel two to a signal on channel one or to a demodulated signal on the RF input.
Channel match ±0.25 dB, ±2.0 degrees
(IF section only, at the center of the frequency bins, dc coupled, 16 rms averages, frequency response, full scale inputs, both inputs on the same range. Exclude the first 5 bins of the dc response.)
Trigger
Same as RF trigger specifications with the follow­ing additional specifications.
Input channel trigger (positive and negative slope)
Level accuracy ±10% full scale Range ±110% full scale Resolution Full scale/116 (typical)
Source (with output filter on)
Source types
Scalar mode CW (fixed sine), arbitrary Vector mode CW, random noise, periodic chirp,
arbitrary
Random noise source % of energy in-band > 70% (Span = 10 MHz/2N, N = 1 to 24) Periodic chirp source % of energy in-band > 85%
Frequency
Frequency range dc to 10 MHz
Frequency resolution 25 µHz
Amplitude
Source level
CW and –110 dBm to +23.979 dBm (50 ),
random noise 5.0 Vpk maximum
Periodic chirp –110 dBm to + 19.542 dBm (50 ),
and arbitrary 3.0 Vpk maximum
DC offset ±3.42 V maximum (resolution and
range of programmable dc offset is dependent on source amplitude)
Amplitude accuracy (50 , fixed sine)
(IF section only)
–46 dBm to +24 dBm ±1.0 dB
–56 dBm to –46 dBm ±2.0 dB Harmonic and other spurious products (fixed sine, 0 V dc offset)
dc to 10 kHz < –55 dBc
10 kHz to 5 MHz < –40 dBc
5 MHz to 10 MHz < –33 dBc
Source port
Return loss (IF section only) > 20 dB
Source impedance 50/75
Arbitrary source characteristics
The arbitrary source repetitively outputs data stored in a data register. The data register may contain a single time record or, with Option 89441A-AYB, a trace buffer. The time length of the register depends on the time-sample resolution for the span entered when the data register was saved or created. See time specifications for time-sample resolution details.
Arbitrary source length
Single time record Up to 4096 complex or
8192 real points.
Trace buffer Up to 16,384 real or
(Requires Option complex points. Some
89441A-AYB) configurations allow up
to 32,768 real or complex points (see the Operator’s Guide for details)
11
Agilent 89441A technical data – general
Safety and environmental
Safety standards CSA certified for
electronic test and measurement equipment per CSA C22.2, No. 231
This product is designed for compliance to UL1244 and IEC348, 1978
Acoustics LpA < 55 dB typical at
25°C ambient (temperature controlled fan to reduce noise output)
Temperature
Operating 0° to 45°C Internal disk operations 4° to 40°C Storage (no disk in drive) –20° to 60°C
Humidity, non-condensing
Operating 10% to 85% at 40°C Internal disk operations 20% to 80% at 30°C Storage (no disk in drive) 10% to 85% at 40°C
Altitude
Operating (above 4600 m (15,000 ft) 2285 m [7,500 ft], derate operating temperature by –3.6°C/1000 m [–1.1°C/1000 ft]) Storage 4600 m (15,000 ft)
Calibration interval 1 year
Warm-up time 30 minutes
Power requirements
115 VAC operation
IF section 90 – 140 Vrms, 47 – 440 Hz RF section 90 – 140 Vrms, 47 – 63 Hz
230 VAC operation 198 – 264 Vrms, 47 – 63 Hz
Maximum power dissipation
IF section 750 VA RF section 275 VA
IEC 801-3 (radiated immunity) performance degradation may occur at severity level 2.
Physical
Weight IF section 21 kg (46 lb)
RF section 25 kg (55 lb)
Dimensions
IF section Height 230 mm (9.1 in)
Width 426 mm (16.7 in) Depth 530 mm (20.9 in)
RF section Height 187 mm (7.4 in)
Width 426 mm (16.7 in) Depth 525 mm (20.7 in)
Real time bandwidth (characteristics only)
Real-time bandwidth is the maximum frequency span that can be continually analyzed without missing any time segment of the input signal.
Frequency spans of 107/2nHz, arbitrary auto­coupled resolution bandwidth, markers off, one display trace with calculations off on other traces, and maximum frequency points equal to number of frequency points.
Averaging off
Single-channel vector mode 78.125 kHz, (log magnitude spectrum 60 updates/second measurement data, 1601 frequency points, channel 2 off, averaging off)
Two-channel vector mode 39.0625 kHz, (requires second 10 MHz input 60 updates/second channel, Option 89441A-AY7) (Log magnitude frequency response measurement data, 801 frequency points, averaging off)
12
Averaging
Single-channel vector mode averaging (log magni­tude spectrum measurement data, 1601 frequency points, channel 2 off)
Fast average 78.125 kHz Displayed 78.125 kHz,
48 updates/second
Two-channel vector mode averaging (requires sec­ond 10 MHz input channel, Option 89441A-AY7) (Log magnitude frequency response measurement data, 801 frequency points)
Fast average 39.0625 kHz Displayed 39.0625 kHz,
48 updates/second
Demodulation
Single-channel analog demodulation mode (log magnitude spectrum measurement data, 1601 frequency points, time cal off, channel 2 off, averaging off)
AM demodulation 39.0625 KHz FM demodulation 19.53125 kHz PM demodulation 9.765625 kHz
Measurement speed
Display update speed (vector mode with full span, one or two channels, 401 frequency points, no averaging, markers off, single trace with calcula­tions off on other traces, log magnitude spectrum, frequency spans of 107/2nHz): 57/second
Averaging (characteristics only)
Number of averages 1 to 99,999
Overlap averaging 0% to 99.99%
Average types
Scalar mode rms (video), rms (video)
exponential, peak hold
Vector mode rms (video), rms (video)
exponential, time, time exponential, peak hold
Fast averaging allows averaging a user-defined number of measurements without updating the displayed result. This provides faster averaging results for most measurements.
Gating (characteristics only)
Time-selective, frequency-domain analysis can be performed on any input or analog demodulated time-domain data. When gating is enabled, markers appear on the time data; gate length and delay can be set directly. Independent gate delays can be set for each input channel. See time specifications for main time length and time resolution details.
Gate length
Maximum: Main time length
Minimum: Approximately window shape ÷ (0.3 x
span Hz)) [seconds]; where window shape (ws) and minimum gate length for a 10 MHz zoom time span are (for 10 MHz baseband time spans subtract
39.0625 ns):
Window ws Minimum gate length
Flat-top 3.819 1.328125 µs Gaussian-top 2.215 781.25 ns Hanning 1.5 546.875 ns Uniform 1.0 390.625 ns
Agilent 89441A technical data – general
13
Time-capture (characteristics only)
Direct capture of input waveforms can be accom­plished with spans of 10 MHz/2nHz. See time specifications for time-sample resolution details.
Time capture memory: 64 Ksample; 1 Msample (Option 89441A-AY9)
Benchmarks: For a one-channel, zoom time measurement (for baseband time, halve the time), 64 Ksample captures from 5.12 ms in a 10 MHz span to over 11.9 hours in a 1.19 Hz span. The optional 1 Msample captures from 81.92 ms in a 10 MHz span to over 190 hours in a 1.19 Hz span. Memory is shared if two channels are enabled, therefore length of capture is half as long.
Band power marker (characteristics only)
Markers can be placed on any time, frequency, or demodulated trace for direct computation of band power, rms square root (of power), C/N, and C/NO, within the selected portion of the data.
Peak/average statistics
Peak and peak-to-average statistics can be enabled on main time, gate time, IQ measured time (Option 89441A-AYA), IQ reference time (Option 89441A­AYA), and math functions involving these trace types. Average power and peak statistics are com­puted using all samples in the active trace. Each successive trace adds additional samples to the calculations.
Displayed results average power
peak power peak/average ratio number of samples
Peak percent 90% – 99.99%. Setting can
be changed at any time during or after the measurement
Signal characteristics
Peak power range +13 dB relative to average
power of the first time record
Average power ±3 dB relative to average range power of the first time
record
Display (characteristic only)
Trace formats One to four traces on one, two,
or four grids or a quad display Other displays On-line help text, view state Number of colors User-definable palette Display points/trace 401
User-definable trace titles and information: X-axis scaling Allows expanded views
of portions of the trace
information Display blanking Data or full display Graticule on/off Center ±5 mm referenced to bezel
opening
Dimensions
Height 107 ±5 mm Width 154 ±5 mm Diagonal 187.2 mm (7.4 in)
Status indicators
Overload, half range, external trigger, source on/off, trigger, pause, active trace, remote, talk, listen, SRQ.
External PC-style keyboard interface
Compatible with PC-style 101-key keyboard, male DIN5 to PS2 type mini-DIN6 pin female adapter required for some keyboards.
Agilent 89441A technical data – general
14
Agilent 89441A technical data – general
Interfaces (characteristics only)
Active probe power +15 Vdc, –13 Vdc; 150 mA
maximum, compatible with active probes
Sync out Active low TTL level signal
synchronous with source output of periodic chirps and arbitrary blocks up to 8192 samples.
External reference in/out IF section
External Locks to a 1, 2, 5, or 10 MHz reference input (±10 ppm) with a level
> 0 dBm External Output the same frequency reference output as the external reference
input at level of > 0 dBm into
a 50 load.
External reference in/out RF section
External Locks to a 1, 2, 5, or 10 MHz reference input (±10 ppm) with a level > 0 dBm
(use 5 dBm for optimum
phase noise performance). External Outputs 10 MHz at > 0 dBm
reference output (+6 dBm typical) into a 50
load.
GPIB
Implementation of IEEE Std 488.1 and 488.2 SH1, AH1, T6, TE0, 1A, LE0, SR1, RL1, PP0, DC1, DT1, Cl, C2, C3, C12, E2
Benchmark characteristics (typical transfer rate of 401 frequency-point traces)
Scalar 25 traces/second Vector 20 traces/second
RS-232 Serial port (9-pin) for
connection to printer
Centronics Parallel port for connection
to a printer
External monitor output
30.15 kHz multi-sync monitors
Impedance 75
Level 0 to 0.7 V Display rate 57.43 Hz Horizontal 30.15 kHz refresh rate Horizontal lines 400
LAN I/O LAN support: Ethernet (IEEE 802.3) TCP/IP
IAN interface: ThinLAN (BNC connector) or AUI Program interface: Send and receive GPIB pro­gramming codes, status bytes, and measurement results in ASCII and/or binary format.
GPIB I/O Secondary GPIB port: Per IEEE Std 488.1 and 488.2 Functions: Controller-only; accessible from IBASIC program or front panel commands.
Peripherals
Plot/print
Direct plotting and black-and-white printing to parallel (Centronics), serial (RS-232), and GPIB graphics printers and plotters. Printers supported include the HP LaserJet, HP PaintJet, HP ThinkJet, HP DeskJet, and HP QuietJet. Single-plot spooling allows instrument operation while printing or plot­ting a single display.
15
Agilent 89441A technical data – general
Memory and data storage
Disk devices
Nonvolatile RAM disk 100 Kbyte
Volatile RAM disk 21 Mbyte that can be
partitioned between measurement, Instrument BASIC program space and RAM. Volatile RAM also supports memory of waterfalls and spectrograms with Option 89441A-AYB.
Internal 90 mm (3.5-inch) 1.44 Mbyte flexible disk (LIF or MS-DOS® formats)
External disk GPIB interface
Disk format and file delete, rename and copy
Nonvolatile clock with time/date
Save/recall can be used to store trace data, instrument states, trace math functions, Instrument BASIC programs, and time-capture buffers.
Benchmarks (typical disk space requirements for different file types)
Trace data (401 points) 6.2 Kbyte Instrument state 12.3 Kbyte Trace math 2 Kbyte Time-capture buffers 271 Kbyte (32 Ksamples)
Trace math
Operands measurement data, data register,
constant, other trace math functions, jw
Operations +, –, *, /, cross correlation, conjugate,
magnitude, phase, real, imaginary, square root, FFT, inverse FFF, natural logarithm, exponential
Trace math can be used to manipulate data on each measurement. Uses include user-units correction and normalization.
Marker functions
Peak signal track, frequency counter, band power, peak/average statistics.
Standard data format utilities
Included on three 90 mm (3.5-inch) 1.44 Mbyte flexible disks. The utilities run in MS-DOS® 2.1 or greater on an IBM PC (AT or higher) or compatible. The utilities include conversions to standard data format (SDF), PC displays of data and instrument state information, and utilities for conversion to PC­MATLAB, MATRIX
x
, data set 58, and ACSII formats.
Vector modulation analysis — Option 89441A-AYA
Supported modulation formats
The vector modulation analysis option supports both single modulated carriers and separate base­band I-Q signals. The optional second 10 MHz input channel is required for baseband I and Q analysis.
Carrier types Continuous and pulsed/burst
(such as TDMA)
Modulation formats 2 level FSK (including GFSK)
4 level FSK
MSK (including GMSK)
QAM implementations of:
BPSK QPSK OQPSK, DQPSK,
π/4DQPSK 8PSK, 16QAM,
32QAM
Default parameter NADC, PDC (JDC), GSM, PHS, settings DECT, CDPD, TETRA,
CDMA Base, CDMA Mobile
Filtering
All filters are computed to 20 symbols in length.
Filter types Raised cosine
Square-root raised cosine
IS-95 compatible
Gaussian
None
Rectangular
Low pass
User-selectable Alpha/BT continuously filter parameters adjustable from 0.05 to 100 User-defined filters User-defined impulse
response, fixed
20 points/symbol
Maximum 20 symbols in
length or 401 points
Frequency and symbol rate
Receiver mode Information bandwidth
chl + j*ch2 20 MHz
1
0 – 10 MHz 10 MHz 2 – 2650 MHz 7 MHz 2 – 2650 MHz - wide 8 MHz
(Option 89441A-AYH only)
Symbol rate
Symbol Rate is limited only by the information bandwidth
Symbol rate = (Bits/Second) / (Bits/Second)
Where bits/symbol is determined by the modulation type. Example: For the raised-cosine filter:
Max symbol rate (Information bandwidth / (1 + a))
Measurement results (formats other than FSK)
Display update rate
Conditions: NADC preset, 50 kHz span, result length 150 symbols, 1 point /symbol. IQ enve­lope triggering and data synchronization off.
Update rate > 2 per second
(characteristic only)
I-Q measured Time, spectrum
(Filtered, carrier locked, symbol locked)
I-Q reference Time, spectrum
(Ideal, computed from detected symbols)
I-Q error vs. time Magnitude, phase
(I-Q measured vs. reference)
Error vector Time, spectrum
(Vector error of computed vs. reference)
Symbol table + Error vector magnitude is error summary computed at symbol times
only
Measurement results (FSK)
FSK measured Time, spectrum FSK reference Time, spectrum Carrier error Magnitude FSK error Time, spectrum
Display formats
The following trace formats are available for meas­ured data and computed ideal reference data, with complete marker and scaling capabilities and auto­matic grid line adjustment to ideal symbol or con­stellation states.
Polar diagrams
Constellation: Samples displayed only at symbol times Vector: Display of trajectory between symbol times with 1 to 20 points/symbol
16
Agilent 89441A technical data – options
1. Two-channel measurements such as chl + j*ch2 require Option 89441A-AY7 second 10 MHz input channel.
17
I or Q vs time
Eye diagrams: Adjustable from 0.1 to 10 symbols Trellis diagrams: Adjustable from 0.1 to 10 symbols
Continuous error vector magnitude vs. time
Continuous I or Q vs. time
Error summary (formats other than FSK)
Measured rms and peak values of the following:
Error vector magnitude Magnitude error
Phase error Frequency error (carrier offset frequency) I-Q offset Amplitude droop (formats other than QAM) SNR (QAM formats)
Error summary (FSK)
Measured rms and peak values of the following:
FSK error
Magnitude error Carrier offset frequency Deviation
Detected bits (symbol table)
Binary bits are displayed and grouped by sym­bols. Multiple pages can be scrolled for viewing large data blocks. Symbol marker (current symbol shown as inverse video) is coupled to measure­ment trace displays to identify states with corre­sponding bits. For formats other than FSK and MSK, bits are user-definable for absolute states or differential transitions. Note: Synchronization words are required to resolve carrier phase ambi­guity on non-differential modulation formats.
Accuracy (formats other than FSK and IS-95 CDMA)
Conditions: Specifications apply from 20° to 30°C, for a full-scale signal fully contained in the selected measurement span, random data sequence, instrument receiver mode of IF 0–10 MHz or RF 2–2650 MHz,
range –25 dBm, start frequency 15% of span, alpha/BT 0.31, and symbol rate 1 kHz. For
symbol rates less than 1 kHz, accuracy may be limited by phase noise.
Residual errors (result length = 150 symbols, averages = 10)
Error vector magnitude
Freq span < 100 kHz 0.3% rms
Freq span 1 MHz 0.5% rms
Freq span > 1 MHz 1.0% rms
Magnitude error
Freq span 100 kHz 0.3% rms Freq span 1 MHz 0.5% rms
Freq span > 1 MHz 1.0% rms
Phase error (for modulation formats with equal symbol amplitudes)
Freq span 100 kHz 0.17° rms Freq span 1 MHz 0.34° rms
Freq span > 1 MHz 0.57° rms
Frequency error Symbol rate/500,000
(Added to frequency accuracy if applicable)
Origin/I-Q Offset –60 dB
Accuracy (2 FSK and 4 FSK)
Residual errors, typical: 4 FSK or 2 FSK, symbol rate = 3.2 kHz, deviation = 4.8 kHz, instrument receiver mode of IF 0–10 MHz or RF 2–2650 MHz, 50 kHz span, full-
scale signal, range –25 dBm, result length = 150,
averages = 10, tenth-order Bessel filtering with 3 dB bandwidth = 3.9 kHz.
2
FSK error 0.5% rms Magnitude error 0.3% rms Deviation ±0.3% rms (14 Hz) Carrier frequency offset ±0.3% of deviation (Added to frequency accuracy if applicable)
DECT preset (2 FSK symbol rate = 1.152 MHz, BT = 0.5) 288 kHz deviation, instrument receiver mode of IF 0–10 MHz or RF 2–2650 MHz, 4 MHz span, full-scale signal, result length = 150, averages = 10.
FSK error 1.5% rms Magnitude error 1.0% rms Deviation ±1.0% rms (2.88 kHz) Carrier frequency offset ±0.5% of deviation (Added to frequency accuracy if applicable)
Agilent 89441A technical data – options
1. 0.3 alpha 0. 7 for Offset QPSK
2. Note: For error analysis, a Gaussian reference filter with BT = 1.22 is used to approximate the tenth-order Bessel filter.
18
Agilent 89441A technical data – options
Accuracy (IS-95 CDMA)
CDMA Base or CDMA Mobile preset, instrument mode of IF (0 – 10 MHz) or RF (2 – 2650 MHz),
2.6 MHz span, full scale signal, result length = 200, averages = 10.
Residual Errors
Error vector magnitude 1% rms Magnitude error 1% rms Phase error 0.57° rms Frequency error 10 Hz
(Added to frequency accuracy if applicable)
Origin I/Q offset –60 dB
Signal acquisition
Note: Signal acquisition does not require an external carrier or symbol clock
Data block length
Adjustable up to 4096 samples Examples: 4096 symbols at 1 point/symbol 409 samples at 10 points/symbol
Symbol clock Internally generated
Carrier lock Internally locked
Triggering
Single/continuous External Internal source Pulse search (searches data block for beginning of TDMA burst, and performs analysis over selected burst length)
Data synchronization
User-selected synchronization words Arbitrary bit patterns up to 30 symbols long, at any position in a continuous or TDMA burst and measurement result. Up to 6 words can be defined.
Arbitrary waveform source
RAM-based arbitrary waveforms
Waveform registers Maximum 6 Waveform length 4096 complex points each
(16,384 with Option 89441A-AYB)
Residual accuracy, typical
Examples
π/4DQPSK, 24.3 EVM 0.7% rms
ksymbols/second, a = 0.35
GMSK, 270.833 EVM 1.0% rms
ksymbols/second, BT= 0.30
Adaptive equalization
This option equalizes the digitally modulated
signal to remove effects of linear distortion (such
as unflatness and group delay) in a modulation
quality measurement.
Equalizer performance is a function of the filter design (e.g., length, convergence, taps/symbol) and the quality of the signal being equalized.
Equalizer
Decision-directed, LMS, feed-forward equalization with adjustable convergence rate.
Filter length 3–99 symbols, adjustable Filter taps 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, or 20 taps/symbol
Measurement results
Equalizer impulse response Channel frequency response
Supported modulation formats
MSK, BPSK, QPSK, OQPSK, DQPSK, π/4DQPSK,
8 PSK, 16 QAM, 32 QAM, 64 QAM, 256 QAM, 8 VSB, 16 VSB
Digital video modulation analysis—Option 89441A-AYH
(requires Option 89441A-AYA) This option extends the capabilities of the vector modulation analysis Option 89441A-AYA by adding modulation formats used for digital video trans­mission. Except where noted, all of the standard capabilities of Option 89441A-AYA are provided for the new modulation formats.
Supported modulation formats
Additional modulation 8 and 16VSB formats 16, 32, 64 and 256QAM
16, 32, and 64QAM (differentially encoded per DVB standard)
19
Agilent 89441A technical data – options
Frequency span
The (2–2650 MHz)-wide receiver mode increases the maximum allowable vector frequency span to 8 MHz. Specifications for this mode are in the RF specification section.
Maximum symbol rate
Option 89441A-AYH analyzes vector modulated sig­nals up to a maximum symbol rate determined by the information bandwidth of the receiver mode and the excess bandwidth factor (a) of the input signal, according to:
Max symbol rate Information bandwidth / (1 + a)
(Note: the maximum symbol rate is doubled for VSB signals.)
Receiver mode Information bandwidth
chl + j*ch2 20 MHz
1
0 – 10 MHz 10 MHz 2 – 2650 MHz normal 7 MHz 2 – 2650 MHz wide 8 MHz External 10 MHz
1
Example: For a 64QAM signal (a = 0.15), the maximum symbol rate for the (2–2650 MHz)-wide receiver is 8 MHz/(1.15) = 6.96 Msymbols/second.
Measurement results and display formats
Identical to Option 89441A-AYA measurement results and display formats except for the following changes to the error summary display:
VSB pilot level is shown, in dB relative to nominal. For VSB formats, SNR is calculated from the real part of the error vector only. For DVB formats, EVM is calculated without removing IQ offset.
Accuracy
Residual errors (typical) 8VSB or 16VSB, symbol rate = 10.762 MHz, a = 0.115, instrument receiver mode of IF 0–10 MHz or RF 2–2650 MHz, 7 MHz span, full-scale signal,
range –25 dBm, result length = 800, averages = 10.
Residual EVM 1.5% (SNR 36 dB)
16, 32, 64 or 256 QAM, symbol rate = 6.9 MHz, c = 0.15, instrument receiver mode of IF 0–10 MHz or RF 2–2650 MHz-wide, 8 MHz span, full-scale
signal, range –25 dBrn, result length = 800,
averages = 10.
Residual EVM 1.0% (SNR 40 dB)
Filtering
All Option 89441A-AYA filter types are supported except user-defined filters for VSB analysis. Filters are calculated to 40 symbols in length.
Triggering and synchronization
All Option 89441A-AYA signal acquisition features are supported except pulse and sync word search for VSB analysis.
Waterfall and spectrogram — Option 89441A-AYB
Waterfall
Types Vertical and skewed,
Azimuth adjustable 0 to ±45 Normal and hidden line
With or without baseline. Adjustable Trace height parameters Buffer depth
Elevation
Threshold
Spectrogram
Types Color, normal, and reversed
monochrome, normal, and
reversed
User color maps (2 total) Adjustable Number of colors parameters Enhancement
(color-amplitude weighting)
Threshold
Trace select
When a waterfall or spectrogram measurement is paused or completed, any trace in the trace buffer can be selected by trace number or by z-axis value. The marker values and marker functions apply to the selected trace.
Z-axis value
The z-axis value is the time the trace data was acquired relative to the start of the measure ment. The z-axis value of the selected trace is displayed as part of the marker readout.
Display update rate: 30 to 60/second, typical Memory required (characteristic only)
Displays occupy memory at the rate of 175 traces/Mbyte (for traces of 401 frequency points). A full screen of 307 traces will require 2.25 Mbytes of free memory.
1. Downconverter dependent
20
Advanced LAN support — Option 89441A-UG7
Remote X11 display (characteristic only)
Update rate: > 20 per second, depending on work-
station performance and LAN activity. X11 R4 compatible X-terminals, UNIX workstations, PC with X-server
software Display: 640 x 480 pixel minimum resolution required;
1024 x 768 recommended.
FTP data (characteristic only)
Traces A, B, C, D Data registers D1-D6 Time capture buffer Disk files (RAM, NVRAM, floppy disk) Analyzer display plot/print
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