Definitions
Analog demodulation mode = Measurements with AM,
PM, and FM demodulation capabilities.
Baseband = dc to 10 MHz measurements.
Baseband time = Time-domain measurements selected
by setting start frequency to exactly 0 Hz or choosing full span in 0 to 10 MHz measurements.
dBc = dB relative to input signal level.
dBfs = dB relative to full scale amplitude range
setting. Full scale is approximately 2 dB below
ADC overload.
FS or fs = Full scale; synonymous with amplitude
range or input range.
RBW = Resolution bandwidth.
RF = 2 MHz to 2.65 GHz measurements.
Scalar mode = Measurements with only frequency-
domain analysis available. Frequency spans up to
2648 MHz.
SNR = Signal to noise ratio.
Vector mode = Measurements with frequency- and
time-domain capabilities. Frequency spans up to
10 MHz in baseband, and 7 MHz for RF analysis
(8 MHz with Option 89441A-AYH).
Zoom time = Time-domain measurements selected
by setting frequency parameters using center frequency and span values.
Introduction
Specifications describe warranted performance
over the temperature range of 0° to 45°C (except
where noted) and include a 30-minute warm-up
from ambient conditions, automatic calibrations
enabled, auto-zero on, time domain calibration off,
and anti-alias filter in, unless noted otherwise.
Supplemental characteristics identified as “typical”
or “characteristic” provide useful information by
giving non-warranted performance parameters.
Typical performance is applicable from 20° to 30°C.
When enabled, automatic calibrations are periodically performed to compensate for the effects of
temperature and time sensitivities. During the calibration, no signals > 0 dBm should be connected to
the front panel inputs.
Feature summary
Frequency
dc to 2.650 GHz
51 to 3201 points
Center frequency signal-tracking
Instrument modes
Scalar (frequency-domain only)
Vector (amplitude and phase information in
frequency and time domain and also
time gating)
Analog demodulation (AM/FM/PM)
Sweep types
Continuous Manual
Single
Agilent 89441A
Vector Signal Analyzer
dc to 2.65 GHz
Data Sheet
2
Triggering
Free run External
Input channel External arm
IF channel Programmable polarity
Internal source and level
GPIB Pre and post delay
Trigger holdoff
Averaging
Video Peak hold
Video exponential Simultaneous display of
Time instantaneous and
Time exponential average spectrum
Source types
CW Periodic chirp
Random noise Arbitrary (up to 8192 points)
Input
One channel
Second 10 MHz input channel (optional)
Auto-ranging (baseband only)
Overload indicators
50/75/1M Ω BNC (dc to 10 MHz)
50 Ω Type-N, 75 Ω with minimum-loss pad (2 MHz to
2650 MHz)
Resolution/window shapes
1-3-10 bandwidth steps
Arbitrary RBW
Windows: Flat-top (high amplitude accuracy),
Gaussian-top (high dynamic range), Hanning
(high frequency resolution), Uniform
Detectors: normal, positive peak, sample
Measurement data
Spectrum Time capture
PSD Frequency response,
Main time coherence, cross
Gate time spectrum, and cross
Math function correlation (with second
Data register 10 MHz input channel)
Auto correlation Instantaneous spectrum
Data format
Log magnitude Imaginary part
Linear magnitude Group delay
Phase (wrap or unwrap) Log/linear x-axis
Real part
Trace math
Display
1, 2, or 4 grids
1 to 4 traces displayed (single or overlay)
Auto-scaling
Color (user definable)
User trace title and information
Graticule on/off
Data label blanking
X-axis scaling
Instrument/Measurement state displays
External monitor
Markers
Marker search: Peak, next peak, next peak right,
next peak, left, minimum
Marker to: Center frequency, reference level, start
frequency, stop frequency
Offset markers
Couple markers between traces
Marker functions: Peak track, frequency counter, band
power (frequency, time, or demodulation
results), peak/average statistics
Memory and data-storage
Disk devices
Nonvolatile RAM disk (100 Kbyte)
Volatile RAM disk (up to 20 Mbyte)
90 mm (3.5-inch) 1.44 Mbyte flexible disk (LIF or
MS-DOS® formats)
External GPIB disk
Disk format and file delete, rename, and copy
Nonvolatile clock with time/date
Save/recall of: Trace data, instrument states, trace
math functions, Instrument BASIC program,
time-capture buffers
Online help
Hard copy output
GPIB/HPGL plotters
GPIB/RS-232/parallel printers
Plot to file
Time stamp
Single-plot spooling
Interfaces
GPIB (IEEE 488.1 and 488.2)
External reference in/out
External PC-style keyboard
Active probe power
RS-232 (one port)
Centronics
LAN and second GPIB
Standard data format utilities
Optional features
Second 10 MHz input channel (Option 89441A-AY7)
Extend time capture to 1 MSample (Option
89441A-AY9)
Internal RF source (Option 89441A-AY8)
Instrument BASIC (Option 89441A-1C2)
Vector modulation analysis (Option 89441A-AYA)
Digital video modulation analysis (Option
89441A-AYH)
Waterfall and spectrogram (Option 89441A-AYB)
Advanced LAN support (Option 89441A-UG7)
3GPP W-CDMA analysis, includes code domain
power (Option 89441A-080)
W-CDMA code domain power for exper. sys.
(Option 89441A-B73)
ARIB 1.0-1.2 W-CDMA analysis (Option 89441A-B79)
Enhanced data rates for GSM evol. (EDGE)
(Option 89441A-B7A)
Agilent 89441A technical data – feature summary
3
RF specifications apply with the receiver mode set
to “RF section (2–2650 MHz).”
Frequency
Frequency tuning
Frequency range 2 MHz to 2650 MHz
Frequency span
Scalar mode 1 Hz to 2648 MHz
Vector mode 1 Hz to 7 MHz (8 MHz
with Option 89441A-AYH)
Center frequency tuning
resolution 0.001 Hz
Number of frequency
points/span 51 to 3201
Signal track (when enabled) keeps the largest
measured signal at the center frequency.
Frequency accuracy (with standard high-precision
frequency reference)
Frequency accuracy is the sum of initial accuracy,
aging, and temperature drift.
Initial accuracy ±0.1 ppm
Aging ±0.015 ppm/month
Temperature drift ±0.005 ppm (0° to 55°C)
Frequency counter
The frequency counter operates in scalar or vector
mode.
Frequency counter accuracy:
Total accuracy is the sum of the frequency
counter’s basic accuracy and the instrument’s
frequency accuracy.
Conditions/exceptions:
Signal-to-noise ratio within resolution bandwidth,
20 dB minimum
Marker within 1⁄2 resolution bandwidth of peak
Unspecified for uniform window and resolution
bandwidth < 5 Hz
Stability (spectral purity) (with standard highprecision frequency reference or equivalent with
≥ 5 dBm level)
Phase noise (absolute and residual):
F
in
≤ 200 MHz
100 Hz offset < –103 dBc/Hz
1 kHz offset < –112 dBc/Hz
≥ 10 kHz offset < –116 dBc/Hz
200 MHz ≤ Fin≤ 1 GHz
100 Hz offset < –96 dBc/Hz
1 kHz offset < –104 dBc/Hz
≥ 10 kHz offset < –116 dBc/Hz
1 GHz ≤ Fin≤ 2650 MHz
100 Hz offset < –87 dBc/Hz
1 kHz offset < –97 dBc/Hz
≥ 10 kHz offset < –116 dBc/Hz
LO spurious sidebands
Offset > 1 kHz < –75 dBc
Offset ≤ 1 kHz
f
in
≤ 2 GHz < –70 dBc
fin> 2 GHz < –68 dBc
Agilent 89441A technical data – RF
Frequency counter basic accuracy
Spectral purity at 1 GHz
4
Agilent 89441A technical data – RF
Resolution bandwidth
Range 312.5 µHz to 3 MHz in 1, 3, 10
sequence or arbitrary user-definable
bandwidth
Note: In scalar mode, the minimum resolution
bandwidth is 312.5 µHz and the maximum resolu-
tion bandwidth is a function of span. In vector
mode, the minimum resolution bandwidth is a
function of span and the number of frequency
points, and the maximum resolution bandwidth
is a function of span only.
Passband Sideband
Window Selectivity
1
flatness level
Flat-top 2.45:1 + 0, –0.01 dB –95 dBc
Gaussian-top 4.0:1 + 0, –0.68 dB –125 dBc
Hanning 9.1:1 + 0, –1.5 dB –32 dBc
Uniform 716:1 + 0, –4 dB –13 dBc
1. Shape factor or ratio of –60 dB to –3 dB bandwidths.
Amplitude
Input range –50 dBm to +25 dBm
(5 dB steps)
Maximum safe input power
Average continuous +25 dBm (300 mW)
power
DC voltage 25 V
A/D overload level > 1.5 dB above range
(typical)
Input port
Input channels 1
VSWR
Range ≥ – 20 dBm 1.6:1 (12.7 dB return loss)
Range ≤ –25 dBm 1.8:1 (11 dB return loss)
Impedance 50 Ω (75 Ω with minimum-
loss pad Option
89441A-1D7)
Connector Type-N
Amplitude accuracy
Accuracy specifications apply with flat-top window
selected. Amplitude accuracy is the sum of absolute
full-scale accuracy and amplitude linearity.
Absolute full-scale accuracy (with signal level
equal to range)
20° – 30°C 0° – 55°C
≥ –25 dBm range ±1 dB ±2 dB
(0.5 dB typical)
≤ –30 dBm range ±1.5 dB ±3 dB
(0.5 dB typical)
Amplitude linearity
0 to –30 dBfs < 0.10 dB
–30 to –50 dBfs < 0.15 dB
–50 to –70 dBfs < 0.20 dB
In vector mode, relative level accuracy within a
single span is the sum of vector mode frequency
response and amplitude linearity.
Vector mode frequency response ±0.4 dB
(relative to the center frequency)
5
Dynamic range
Dynamic range indicates the amplitude range that
is free of erroneous signals within the measurement bandwidth.
Harmonic distortion (with a single full scale signal
at the input)
≥ –25 dBm range < –75 dBc
≤ –30 dBm range < –54 dBc
Third-order intermodulation < –75 dBc
distortion (with two input tones at
6 dB below full scale and ≥ 10 MHz)
General spurious (with input signal level equal to
range and input frequency ≤ 2650 MHz)
For spans ≤ 1.5 MHz and for < –75 dBc
offset frequencies ≤ .5 MHz
from input signal
For all spans and offsets <–70 dBc
1
Residual responses (50 Ω input) <–80 dBfs
Input noise density (50 Ω input, vector mode or
scalar mode with sample detector)
2
20°– 30°C 0° – 55°C
≥ –25 dBm range < –115 dBfs/Hz < –112 dBfs/Hz
≤ –30 dBm range < –110 dBfs/Hz < –109 dBfs/Hz
Sensitivity
2
–50 dBm range < –160 dBm/Hz < –159 dBm/Hz
Phase (vector mode)
Phase specifications apply with flat-top window
selected.
Deviation from linear phase (relative to best
fit line with peak signal level within 6 dB of
full scale): ±5 deg
Time (vector mode)
Time-sample resolution = 1/(k*span(Hz)) [second];
where k = 1.28 for zoom time.
Main time length = (number of frequency points –
1) ÷ span (Hz) [second]; for resolution bandwidth
in arbitrary and auto-coupled mode.
Amplitude accuracy (for a sine wave in the measurement passband, time-domain calibrations on,
range ≥ –25 dBm)
20° – 30°C ±12% full scale
(±6% typical)
0° – 55°C ±26% full scale
Sample error rate for zoom time (typical)
Error threshold: 10–8times/sample
5% full scale
Sample error rate reflects the probability of an
error greater than the error threshold
occurring in one time sample.
1. < -60 dBc for RF (2-2650 MHz)-wide (Option 89441A-AYH)
2. Add 4 dB for RF (2-2650 MHz)-wide (Option 89441A-AYH)
Agilent 89441A technical data – RF
6
Agilent 89441A technical data – RF
Analog demodulation
Demodulation specifications apply with demodulation mode selected and time-domain calibration on.
AM, PM, or FM demodulation. Auto carrier locking
is available with PM or FM demodulators and the
carrier value determined is a displayable marker
function.
Demodulator bandwidth (determined by selected
measurement span)
Maximum bandwidth 7 MHz (typical)
AM demodulation (typical performance)
Accuracy ±1%
Dynamic range 60 dB (100%) for a pure AM
signal
Cross demodulation < 0.3% AM on an FM signal
with 10 kHz modulation,
200 kHz deviation
PM demodulation (typical performance)
Accuracy ±3 degrees
Dynamic range 60 dB (rad) for a pure PM
signal
Cross demodulation < 1 degree PM on an AM
signal with 80% modulation
FM demodulation (typical performance)
Accuracy ±1% of span
Dynamic range 60 dB (Hz) for a pure FM
signal
Cross demodulation < 0.5% of span FM on an AM
signal with 80% modulation
Trigger
Trigger types
Scalar mode Free run, internal source,
GPIB, external (each
measurement step requires
a separate trigger)
Vector mode Free run, IF channel,
internal source, GPIB,
external
Pre-trigger delay range (see time specifications for
sample resolution)
One channel 64 Ksamples (1 Msample
with extended time
capture, Option
89441A-AY9)
Two channels 32 Ksamples (0.5 Msample
(requires second with extended time
10 MHz input, capture,
Option 89441A-AY7) Option 89441A-AY9)
Post-trigger delay 2 Gsample
range (see time
specifications for
sample resolution)
Trigger holdoff
When enabled, each measurement requires two
trigger events. The first event starts a holdoff
timer. After the specified holdoff time, a subsequent trigger event will initiate a measurement.
Holdoff resolution 2.5 µs
Holdoff range 2.5 µs to 41 s
IF trigger (characteristics only)
Used to trigger only on in-band energy, where
the trigger bandwidth is determined by the
measurement span (rounded to the next higher
107/2n[Hz]).
Amplitude resolution < 1 dB
Amplitude ranges +1 to –70 dBfs. Usable
range will become limited
by the total integrated noise
in the measurement span.
IF trigger hysterysis < 4 dB
External trigger (positive and negative slope)
Level accuracy ±0.5 V
Range ±5 V
Input impedance 10 kΩ (typical)
External arm
Level accuracy ±0.5 V
7
Range ±5 V
Input impedance 10 kΩ (typical)
Source (requires internal RF source
Option 89441A-AY8)
Source types
1
CW (fixed sine),
(vector mode) random noise,
periodic chirp,
arbitrary
Frequency
Range 2 MHz to 2650 MHz
Maximum offset from center 3.5 MHz
frequency
Amplitude (fixed sine source type)
Amplitude range –40 dBm to +13 dBm
Typical maximum +17 dBm
amplitude (overdrive
is available using
direct numeric entry)
Amplitude resolution 0.1 dB
Amplitude accuracy (source level ≤ 13 dBm)
Source amplitude accuracy is the sum of
absolute accuracy at the center frequency (zero
offset frequency) and the IF flatness.
20° – 30°C 0°– 55°C
Absolute accuracy ±1.2 dB ±3.5 dB
at the center
frequency
IF flatness (relative ±1dB ±1.5 dB
to center frequency)
IF Flatness with ±0.3 dB
|offset frequency| ≤ 500 kHz
Dynamic range (source level ≤ 0 dBm)
Harmonic distortion < –40 dBc
Non-harmonic spurious < –40 dBc
(within measurement
bandwidth)
Average noise level < –120 dBc/Hz
(for offsets > 1 MHz from
the carrier and carrier
frequency > 100 MHz.
For offsets < 1 MHz, add
the LO phase noise.)
Crosstalk (source-to-receiver, –80 dBfs
source level ≤ 0 dBm)
Source port
VSWR
Level ≤ –10 dBm 1.8:1 (11 dB return loss)
Impedance 50 Ω (75 Ω with optional
minimum-loss pad)
Connector Type-N
Agilent 89441A technical data – RF
1. See baseband section for random noise, periodic chirp, and
arbitrary source characteristics.
Baseband specifications apply with the receiver
mode set to “IF section (0–10 MHz)” or “RF section
(0–10 MHz)” unless noted otherwise. Specifications
noted as “IF section only” apply with the receiver
mode set to “IF section (0–10 MHz)” and the input
signal connected directly to the IF section’s
channel 1 or channel 2 input.
Frequency
Frequency tuning (characteristic only)
Frequency range dc to 10 MHz
Frequency span 1.0 Hz to 10 MHz
Center frequency tuning resolution 0.001 Hz
Number of frequency points/span 51 to 3201
Signal track (when enabled) keeps the largest
measured signal at the center frequency.
Frequency accuracy
Same as the RF specifications.
Frequency counter
Same as the RF specifications.
Stability (spectral purity)
Absolute and residual phase noise, Fin= 10 MHz
(with standard high precision frequency reference
or equivalent)
100 Hz offset < –106 dBc/Hz
1 kHz offset < –110 dBc/Hz
≥ 10 kHz offset < –120 dBc/Hz
Phase noise decreases with decreasing input
frequency by 20 log10(Fin/10 MHz) dB
Resolution bandwidth
Same as the RF specifications.
Amplitude
Input range (characteristic only) (2 dB steps)
50 Ω input –30 dBm to +24 dBm
75 Ω input –31.761 dBm to +22.239 dB
1 MW input –30 dBm to +28 dBm
(referenced to 50 Ω)
Maximum safe input power
50 Ω/75 Ω input +27 dBm
1 MΩ input 20 V peak
Auto-ranging (characteristic only)
Up-only, up-down, single, off
Input port
Input channels 1 (second 10 MHz input
channel optional)
Return loss (IF section only)
50 Ω input > 25 dB
75 Ω input > 20 dB
Coupling dc/ac (ac coupling
attenuation < 3 dB at 3 Hz)
Input impedance 50/75 Ω, 1 MΩ ±2%
(IF section only) (< 80 pF shunt capacitance)
Connector BNC (RF section: type-N)
Amplitude accuracy
Accuracy specifications apply with flat-top window
selected. Amplitude accuracy is the sum of absolute
full-scale accuracy and amplitude linearity.
Absolute full-scale ±0.5 dB
accuracy (IF section
only, with signal
level equal to range)
Amplitude linearity
0 to –30 dBfs < 0.10 dB
–30 to –50 dBfs < 0.15 dB
–50 to –70 dBfs < 0.20 dB
Residual dc (50 Ω) < –25 dBfs
8
Agilent 89441A technical data – baseband
9
Dynamic range
Dynamic range indicates the amplitude range that
is free of erroneous signals within the measurement bandwidth.
Harmonic distortion (with a single full scale signal
at the input)
2nd < –75 dBc (–80 dBc typical)
3rd, 4th, 5th < –75 dBc (–85 dBc typical)
Intermodulation distortion (with two input tones
at 6 dB below full scale)
Second-order < –75 dBc (–80 dBc typical)
Third-order < –75 dBc (–85 dBc typical)
Residual (spurious) responses (IF section only)
(50 Ω input and front panel connections to RF
section disconnected)
Frequencies < 1 MHz < –75 dBfs or < –100 dBm
whichever is greater
Frequencies ≥ 1 MHz < –80 dBfs
Alias responses (for a < –80 dBfs
single out-of-band
tone at full scale)
Input noise density (50 Ω input, vector mode or
scalar mode with sample detector)
1 kHz to 40 kHz < –101 dBfs/Hz
40 kHz to 10 MHz < –114 dBfs/Hz
(–118 dBfs/Hz typical)
Sensitivity (–30 dBm range, 50 W input, vector
mode or scalar mode with sample detector)
1 kHz to 40 kHz < –13l dBm/Hz
40 kHz to 10 MHz < –144 dBm/Hz
(–148 dBm/Hz typical)
Crosstalk < –85 dBfs
(source-to-input or
channel-to-channel,
50 Ω terminations)
Phase (vector mode)
Phase specifications apply with flat-top window
selected.
Deviation from linear ±5 degrees
phase (relative to best
fit line with peak signal
level within 6 dB of
full scale)
Time (vector mode)
Time-sample resolution = 1/(k*span(Hz)) [second];
where k = 1.28 for zoom time, 2.56 for baseband
time measurements.
Main time length = (number of frequency points – 1)
÷ span (Hz) [second]; for resolution bandwidth in
arbitrary and auto-coupled mode.
Amplitude accuracy ±5% full scale
(IF section only) (for a
sinewave in the measurement passband, timedomain calibrations on)
Sample error rate for zoom time (typical)
Error threshold: 10–8times/sample
5% full scale
Sample error rate reflects the probability of an
error greater than the error threshold occurring
in one time sample.
Analog channel-to-channel < 1 ns
time skew (IF section only)
(time-domain calibrations
on,both channels on the
same range)
Analog demodulation
Same as RF analog demodulation specifications
except as noted below.
Demodulator bandwidth (determined by selected
measurement span)
Maximum bandwidth 10 MHz (typical)
Agilent 89441A technical data – baseband
Typical harmonic and intermodulation distortion
10
Agilent 89441A technical data – baseband
Two-channel
The second 10 MHz input channel (Option 89441AAY7) provides additional measurements, including
frequency response, coherence, cross spectrum,
and cross correlation. These measurements are
made by comparing a signal on channel two to a
signal on channel one or to a demodulated signal
on the RF input.
Channel match ±0.25 dB, ±2.0 degrees
(IF section only, at the center of the frequency
bins, dc coupled, 16 rms averages, frequency
response, full scale inputs, both inputs on the same
range. Exclude the first 5 bins of the dc response.)
Trigger
Same as RF trigger specifications with the following additional specifications.
Input channel trigger (positive and negative slope)
Level accuracy ±10% full scale
Range ±110% full scale
Resolution Full scale/116 (typical)
Source (with output filter on)
Source types
Scalar mode CW (fixed sine), arbitrary
Vector mode CW, random noise, periodic chirp,
arbitrary
Random noise source % of energy in-band > 70%
(Span = 10 MHz/2N, N = 1 to 24)
Periodic chirp source % of energy in-band > 85%
Frequency
Frequency range dc to 10 MHz
Frequency resolution 25 µHz
Amplitude
Source level
CW and –110 dBm to +23.979 dBm (50 Ω),
random noise 5.0 Vpk maximum
Periodic chirp –110 dBm to + 19.542 dBm (50 Ω),
and arbitrary 3.0 Vpk maximum
DC offset ±3.42 V maximum (resolution and
range of programmable dc offset
is dependent on source amplitude)
Amplitude accuracy (50 Ω, fixed sine)
(IF section only)
–46 dBm to +24 dBm ±1.0 dB
–56 dBm to –46 dBm ±2.0 dB
Harmonic and other spurious products (fixed sine,
0 V dc offset)
dc to 10 kHz < –55 dBc
10 kHz to 5 MHz < –40 dBc
5 MHz to 10 MHz < –33 dBc
Source port
Return loss (IF section only) > 20 dB
Source impedance 50/75 Ω
Arbitrary source characteristics
The arbitrary source repetitively outputs data
stored in a data register. The data register may
contain a single time record or, with Option
89441A-AYB, a trace buffer. The time length of the
register depends on the time-sample resolution for
the span entered when the data register was saved
or created. See time specifications for time-sample
resolution details.
Arbitrary source length
Single time record Up to 4096 complex or
8192 real points.
Trace buffer Up to 16,384 real or
(Requires Option complex points. Some
89441A-AYB) configurations allow up
to 32,768 real or complex
points (see the Operator’s
Guide for details)
11
Agilent 89441A technical data – general
Safety and environmental
Safety standards CSA certified for
electronic test and
measurement
equipment per CSA
C22.2, No. 231
This product is designed
for compliance to UL1244 and IEC348, 1978
Acoustics LpA < 55 dB typical at
25°C ambient
(temperature controlled
fan to reduce noise
output)
Temperature
Operating 0° to 45°C
Internal disk operations 4° to 40°C
Storage (no disk in drive) –20° to 60°C
Humidity, non-condensing
Operating 10% to 85% at 40°C
Internal disk operations 20% to 80% at 30°C
Storage (no disk in drive) 10% to 85% at 40°C
Altitude
Operating (above 4600 m (15,000 ft)
2285 m [7,500 ft], derate
operating temperature
by –3.6°C/1000 m
[–1.1°C/1000 ft])
Storage 4600 m (15,000 ft)
Calibration interval 1 year
Warm-up time 30 minutes
Power requirements
115 VAC operation
IF section 90 – 140 Vrms, 47 – 440 Hz
RF section 90 – 140 Vrms, 47 – 63 Hz
230 VAC operation 198 – 264 Vrms, 47 – 63 Hz
Maximum power dissipation
IF section 750 VA
RF section 275 VA
IEC 801-3 (radiated immunity) performance
degradation may occur at severity level 2.
Physical
Weight IF section 21 kg (46 lb)
RF section 25 kg (55 lb)
Dimensions
IF section Height 230 mm (9.1 in)
Width 426 mm (16.7 in)
Depth 530 mm (20.9 in)
RF section Height 187 mm (7.4 in)
Width 426 mm (16.7 in)
Depth 525 mm (20.7 in)
Real time bandwidth (characteristics only)
Real-time bandwidth is the maximum frequency
span that can be continually analyzed without
missing any time segment of the input signal.
Frequency spans of 107/2nHz, arbitrary autocoupled resolution bandwidth, markers off, one
display trace with calculations off on other traces,
and maximum frequency points equal to number
of frequency points.
Averaging off
Single-channel vector mode 78.125 kHz,
(log magnitude spectrum 60 updates/second
measurement data, 1601
frequency points, channel 2 off,
averaging off)
Two-channel vector mode 39.0625 kHz,
(requires second 10 MHz input 60 updates/second
channel, Option 89441A-AY7)
(Log magnitude frequency
response measurement data,
801 frequency points, averaging
off)
12
Averaging
Single-channel vector mode averaging (log magnitude spectrum measurement data, 1601 frequency
points, channel 2 off)
Fast average 78.125 kHz
Displayed 78.125 kHz,
48 updates/second
Two-channel vector mode averaging (requires second 10 MHz input channel, Option 89441A-AY7)
(Log magnitude frequency response measurement
data, 801 frequency points)
Fast average 39.0625 kHz
Displayed 39.0625 kHz,
48 updates/second
Demodulation
Single-channel analog demodulation mode
(log magnitude spectrum measurement data,
1601 frequency points, time cal off, channel 2 off,
averaging off)
AM demodulation 39.0625 KHz
FM demodulation 19.53125 kHz
PM demodulation 9.765625 kHz
Measurement speed
Display update speed (vector mode with full span,
one or two channels, 401 frequency points, no
averaging, markers off, single trace with calculations off on other traces, log magnitude spectrum,
frequency spans of 107/2nHz): 57/second
Averaging (characteristics only)
Number of averages 1 to 99,999
Overlap averaging 0% to 99.99%
Average types
Scalar mode rms (video), rms (video)
exponential, peak hold
Vector mode rms (video), rms (video)
exponential, time, time
exponential, peak hold
Fast averaging allows averaging a user-defined
number of measurements without updating the
displayed result. This provides faster averaging
results for most measurements.
Gating (characteristics only)
Time-selective, frequency-domain analysis can be
performed on any input or analog demodulated
time-domain data. When gating is enabled, markers
appear on the time data; gate length and delay can
be set directly. Independent gate delays can be set
for each input channel. See time specifications for
main time length and time resolution details.
Gate length
Maximum: Main time length
Minimum: Approximately window shape ÷ (0.3 x
span Hz)) [seconds]; where window shape (ws)
and minimum gate length for a 10 MHz zoom time
span are (for 10 MHz baseband time spans subtract
39.0625 ns):
Window ws Minimum gate length
Flat-top 3.819 1.328125 µs
Gaussian-top 2.215 781.25 ns
Hanning 1.5 546.875 ns
Uniform 1.0 390.625 ns
Agilent 89441A technical data – general
13
Time-capture (characteristics only)
Direct capture of input waveforms can be accomplished with spans of 10 MHz/2nHz. See time
specifications for time-sample resolution details.
Time capture memory: 64 Ksample; 1 Msample
(Option 89441A-AY9)
Benchmarks: For a one-channel, zoom time
measurement (for baseband time, halve the time),
64 Ksample captures from 5.12 ms in a 10 MHz
span to over 11.9 hours in a 1.19 Hz span. The
optional 1 Msample captures from 81.92 ms in a
10 MHz span to over 190 hours in a 1.19 Hz span.
Memory is shared if two channels are enabled,
therefore length of capture is half as long.
Band power marker (characteristics only)
Markers can be placed on any time, frequency, or
demodulated trace for direct computation of band
power, rms square root (of power), C/N, and C/NO,
within the selected portion of the data.
Peak/average statistics
Peak and peak-to-average statistics can be enabled
on main time, gate time, IQ measured time (Option
89441A-AYA), IQ reference time (Option 89441AAYA), and math functions involving these trace
types. Average power and peak statistics are computed using all samples in the active trace. Each
successive trace adds additional samples to the
calculations.
Displayed results average power
peak power
peak/average ratio
number of samples
Peak percent 90% – 99.99%. Setting can
be changed at any time
during or after the
measurement
Signal characteristics
Peak power range +13 dB relative to average
power of the first time
record
Average power ±3 dB relative to average
range power of the first time
record
Display (characteristic only)
Trace formats One to four traces on one, two,
or four grids or a quad display
Other displays On-line help text, view state
Number of colors User-definable palette
Display points/trace 401
User-definable trace titles and information:
X-axis scaling Allows expanded views
of portions of the trace
information
Display blanking Data or full display
Graticule on/off
Center ±5 mm referenced to bezel
opening
Dimensions
Height 107 ±5 mm
Width 154 ±5 mm
Diagonal 187.2 mm (7.4 in)
Status indicators
Overload, half range, external trigger, source
on/off, trigger, pause, active trace, remote, talk,
listen, SRQ.
External PC-style keyboard interface
Compatible with PC-style 101-key keyboard, male
DIN5 to PS2 type mini-DIN6 pin female adapter
required for some keyboards.
Agilent 89441A technical data – general
14
Agilent 89441A technical data – general
Interfaces (characteristics only)
Active probe power +15 Vdc, –13 Vdc; 150 mA
maximum, compatible with
active probes
Sync out Active low TTL level signal
synchronous with source
output of periodic chirps and
arbitrary blocks up to 8192
samples.
External reference in/out IF section
External Locks to a 1, 2, 5, or 10 MHz
reference input (±10 ppm) with a level
> 0 dBm
External Output the same frequency
reference output as the external reference
input at level of > 0 dBm into
a 50 Ω load.
External reference in/out RF section
External Locks to a 1, 2, 5, or 10 MHz
reference input (±10 ppm) with a level > 0 dBm
(use ≥ 5 dBm for optimum
phase noise performance).
External Outputs 10 MHz at > 0 dBm
reference output (+6 dBm typical) into a 50 Ω
load.
GPIB
Implementation of IEEE Std 488.1 and 488.2
SH1, AH1, T6, TE0, 1A, LE0, SR1, RL1, PP0,
DC1, DT1, Cl, C2, C3, C12, E2
Benchmark characteristics (typical transfer rate
of 401 frequency-point traces)
Scalar 25 traces/second
Vector 20 traces/second
RS-232 Serial port (9-pin) for
connection to printer
Centronics Parallel port for connection
to a printer
External monitor output
Format Analog plug-compatible with
30.15 kHz multi-sync monitors
Impedance 75 Ω
Level 0 to 0.7 V
Display rate 57.43 Hz
Horizontal 30.15 kHz
refresh rate
Horizontal lines 400
LAN I/O
LAN support: Ethernet (IEEE 802.3) TCP/IP
IAN interface: ThinLAN (BNC connector) or AUI
Program interface: Send and receive GPIB programming codes, status bytes, and measurement
results in ASCII and/or binary format.
GPIB I/O
Secondary GPIB port: Per IEEE Std 488.1 and 488.2
Functions: Controller-only; accessible from IBASIC
program or front panel commands.
Peripherals
Plot/print
Direct plotting and black-and-white printing to
parallel (Centronics), serial (RS-232), and GPIB
graphics printers and plotters. Printers supported
include the HP LaserJet, HP PaintJet, HP ThinkJet,
HP DeskJet, and HP QuietJet. Single-plot spooling
allows instrument operation while printing or plotting a single display.
15
Agilent 89441A technical data – general
Memory and data storage
Disk devices
Nonvolatile RAM disk 100 Kbyte
Volatile RAM disk 21 Mbyte that can be
partitioned between
measurement,
Instrument BASIC
program space and
RAM. Volatile RAM
also supports memory
of waterfalls and
spectrograms with
Option 89441A-AYB.
Internal 90 mm (3.5-inch) 1.44 Mbyte
flexible disk (LIF or
MS-DOS® formats)
External disk GPIB interface
Disk format and file delete, rename and copy
Nonvolatile clock with time/date
Save/recall can be used to store trace data,
instrument states, trace math functions,
Instrument BASIC programs, and time-capture
buffers.
Benchmarks (typical disk space requirements
for different file types)
Trace data (401 points) 6.2 Kbyte
Instrument state 12.3 Kbyte
Trace math 2 Kbyte
Time-capture buffers 271 Kbyte
(32 Ksamples)
Trace math
Operands measurement data, data register,
constant, other trace math functions, jw
Operations +, –, *, /, cross correlation, conjugate,
magnitude, phase, real, imaginary,
square root, FFT, inverse FFF, natural
logarithm, exponential
Trace math can be used to manipulate data on each
measurement. Uses include user-units correction
and normalization.
Marker functions
Peak signal track, frequency counter, band power,
peak/average statistics.
Standard data format utilities
Included on three 90 mm (3.5-inch) 1.44 Mbyte
flexible disks. The utilities run in MS-DOS® 2.1 or
greater on an IBM PC (AT or higher) or compatible.
The utilities include conversions to standard data
format (SDF), PC displays of data and instrument
state information, and utilities for conversion to PCMATLAB, MATRIX
x
, data set 58, and ACSII formats.
Vector modulation analysis —
Option 89441A-AYA
Supported modulation formats
The vector modulation analysis option supports
both single modulated carriers and separate baseband I-Q signals. The optional second 10 MHz
input channel is required for baseband I and Q
analysis.
Carrier types Continuous and pulsed/burst
(such as TDMA)
Modulation formats 2 level FSK (including GFSK)
4 level FSK
MSK (including GMSK)
QAM implementations of:
BPSK QPSK OQPSK, DQPSK,
π/4DQPSK 8PSK, 16QAM,
32QAM
Default parameter NADC, PDC (JDC), GSM, PHS,
settings DECT, CDPD, TETRA,
CDMA Base, CDMA Mobile
Filtering
All filters are computed to 20 symbols in length.
Filter types Raised cosine
Square-root raised cosine
IS-95 compatible
Gaussian
None
Rectangular
Low pass
User-selectable Alpha/BT continuously
filter parameters adjustable from 0.05 to 100
User-defined filters User-defined impulse
response, fixed
20 points/symbol
Maximum 20 symbols in
length or 401 points
Frequency and symbol rate
Receiver mode Information bandwidth
chl + j*ch2 ≤ 20 MHz
1
0 – 10 MHz ≤ 10 MHz
2 – 2650 MHz ≤ 7 MHz
2 – 2650 MHz - wide ≤ 8 MHz
(Option 89441A-AYH only)
Symbol rate
Symbol Rate is limited only by the information
bandwidth
Symbol rate = (Bits/Second) / (Bits/Second)
Where bits/symbol is determined by the
modulation type.
Example: For the raised-cosine filter:
Max symbol rate ≤ (Information bandwidth / (1 + a))
Measurement results (formats other than FSK)
Display update rate
Conditions: NADC preset, 50 kHz span, result
length 150 symbols, 1 point /symbol. IQ envelope triggering and data synchronization off.
Update rate > 2 per second
(characteristic only)
I-Q measured Time, spectrum
(Filtered, carrier
locked, symbol locked)
I-Q reference Time, spectrum
(Ideal, computed
from detected symbols)
I-Q error vs. time Magnitude, phase
(I-Q measured vs. reference)
Error vector Time, spectrum
(Vector error of computed
vs. reference)
Symbol table + Error vector magnitude is
error summary computed at symbol times
only
Measurement results (FSK)
FSK measured Time, spectrum
FSK reference Time, spectrum
Carrier error Magnitude
FSK error Time, spectrum
Display formats
The following trace formats are available for measured data and computed ideal reference data, with
complete marker and scaling capabilities and automatic grid line adjustment to ideal symbol or constellation states.
Polar diagrams
Constellation: Samples displayed only at
symbol times
Vector: Display of trajectory between symbol
times with 1 to 20 points/symbol
16
Agilent 89441A technical data – options
1. Two-channel measurements such as chl + j*ch2 require Option
89441A-AY7 second 10 MHz input channel.
17
I or Q vs time
Eye diagrams: Adjustable from 0.1 to 10 symbols
Trellis diagrams: Adjustable from 0.1 to 10 symbols
Continuous error vector magnitude vs. time
Continuous I or Q vs. time
Error summary (formats other than FSK)
Measured rms and peak values of the following:
Error vector magnitude
Magnitude error
Phase error
Frequency error (carrier offset frequency)
I-Q offset
Amplitude droop (formats other than QAM)
SNR (QAM formats)
Error summary (FSK)
Measured rms and peak values of the following:
FSK error
Magnitude error
Carrier offset frequency
Deviation
Detected bits (symbol table)
Binary bits are displayed and grouped by symbols. Multiple pages can be scrolled for viewing
large data blocks. Symbol marker (current symbol
shown as inverse video) is coupled to measurement trace displays to identify states with corresponding bits. For formats other than FSK and
MSK, bits are user-definable for absolute states or
differential transitions. Note: Synchronization
words are required to resolve carrier phase ambiguity on non-differential modulation formats.
Accuracy (formats other than FSK and IS-95 CDMA)
Conditions: Specifications apply from 20° to 30°C,
for a full-scale signal fully contained in the selected
measurement span, random data sequence, instrument
receiver mode of IF 0–10 MHz or RF 2–2650 MHz,
range ≥ –25 dBm, start frequency ≥ 15% of span,
alpha/BT ≥ 0.31, and symbol rate ≥ 1 kHz. For
symbol rates less than 1 kHz, accuracy may be
limited by phase noise.
Residual errors (result length = 150 symbols,
averages = 10)
Error vector magnitude
Freq span < 100 kHz 0.3% rms
Freq span ≤ 1 MHz 0.5% rms
Freq span > 1 MHz 1.0% rms
Magnitude error
Freq span ≤ 100 kHz 0.3% rms
Freq span ≤ 1 MHz 0.5% rms
Freq span > 1 MHz 1.0% rms
Phase error (for modulation formats with equal
symbol amplitudes)
Freq span ≤ 100 kHz 0.17° rms
Freq span ≤ 1 MHz 0.34° rms
Freq span > 1 MHz 0.57° rms
Frequency error Symbol rate/500,000
(Added to frequency accuracy if applicable)
Origin/I-Q Offset –60 dB
Accuracy (2 FSK and 4 FSK)
Residual errors, typical:
4 FSK or 2 FSK, symbol rate = 3.2 kHz,
deviation = 4.8 kHz, instrument receiver mode of
IF 0–10 MHz or RF 2–2650 MHz, 50 kHz span, full-
scale signal, range ≥ –25 dBm, result length = 150,
averages = 10, tenth-order Bessel filtering with
3 dB bandwidth = 3.9 kHz.
2
FSK error 0.5% rms
Magnitude error 0.3% rms
Deviation ±0.3% rms (14 Hz)
Carrier frequency offset ±0.3% of deviation
(Added to frequency
accuracy if applicable)
DECT preset (2 FSK symbol rate = 1.152 MHz,
BT = 0.5) 288 kHz deviation, instrument receiver
mode of IF 0–10 MHz or RF 2–2650 MHz, 4 MHz span,
full-scale signal, result length = 150, averages = 10.
FSK error 1.5% rms
Magnitude error 1.0% rms
Deviation ±1.0% rms (2.88 kHz)
Carrier frequency offset ±0.5% of deviation
(Added to frequency
accuracy if applicable)
Agilent 89441A technical data – options
1. 0.3 ≤ alpha ≤ 0. 7 for Offset QPSK
2. Note: For error analysis, a Gaussian reference filter with BT = 1.22 is used to
approximate the tenth-order Bessel filter.
18
Agilent 89441A technical data – options
Accuracy (IS-95 CDMA)
CDMA Base or CDMA Mobile preset, instrument
mode of IF (0 – 10 MHz) or RF (2 – 2650 MHz),
2.6 MHz span, full scale signal, result length = 200,
averages = 10.
Residual Errors
Error vector magnitude 1% rms
Magnitude error 1% rms
Phase error 0.57° rms
Frequency error 10 Hz
(Added to frequency accuracy if applicable)
Origin I/Q offset –60 dB
Signal acquisition
Note: Signal acquisition does not require an
external carrier or symbol clock
Data block length
Adjustable up to 4096 samples
Examples:
4096 symbols at 1 point/symbol
409 samples at 10 points/symbol
Symbol clock Internally generated
Carrier lock Internally locked
Triggering
Single/continuous
External
Internal source
Pulse search (searches data block for beginning
of TDMA burst, and performs analysis over
selected burst length)
Data synchronization
User-selected synchronization words
Arbitrary bit patterns up to 30 symbols long,
at any position in a continuous or TDMA burst
and measurement result. Up to 6 words can
be defined.
Arbitrary waveform source
RAM-based arbitrary waveforms
Waveform registers Maximum 6
Waveform length 4096 complex points each
(16,384 with Option
89441A-AYB)
Residual accuracy, typical
Examples
π/4DQPSK, 24.3 EVM ≤ 0.7% rms
ksymbols/second,
a = 0.35
GMSK, 270.833 EVM ≤ 1.0% rms
ksymbols/second,
BT= 0.30
Adaptive equalization
This option equalizes the digitally modulated
signal to remove effects of linear distortion (such
as unflatness and group delay) in a modulation
quality measurement.
Equalizer performance is a function of the filter
design (e.g., length, convergence, taps/symbol)
and the quality of the signal being equalized.
Equalizer
Decision-directed, LMS, feed-forward equalization
with adjustable convergence rate.
Filter length 3–99 symbols, adjustable
Filter taps 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, or 20 taps/symbol
Measurement results
Equalizer impulse response
Channel frequency response
Supported modulation formats
MSK, BPSK, QPSK, OQPSK, DQPSK, π/4DQPSK,
8 PSK, 16 QAM, 32 QAM, 64 QAM, 256 QAM,
8 VSB, 16 VSB
Digital video modulation analysis—Option
89441A-AYH
(requires Option 89441A-AYA)
This option extends the capabilities of the vector
modulation analysis Option 89441A-AYA by adding
modulation formats used for digital video transmission. Except where noted, all of the standard
capabilities of Option 89441A-AYA are provided for
the new modulation formats.
Supported modulation formats
Additional modulation 8 and 16VSB
formats 16, 32, 64 and 256QAM
16, 32, and 64QAM
(differentially encoded
per DVB standard)
19
Agilent 89441A technical data – options
Frequency span
The (2–2650 MHz)-wide receiver mode increases
the maximum allowable vector frequency span to
8 MHz. Specifications for this mode are in the RF
specification section.
Maximum symbol rate
Option 89441A-AYH analyzes vector modulated signals up to a maximum symbol rate determined by
the information bandwidth of the receiver mode
and the excess bandwidth factor (a) of the input
signal, according to:
Max symbol rate ≤ Information bandwidth / (1 + a)
(Note: the maximum symbol rate is doubled for
VSB signals.)
Receiver mode Information bandwidth
chl + j*ch2 ≤ 20 MHz
1
0 – 10 MHz ≤ 10 MHz
2 – 2650 MHz normal ≤ 7 MHz
2 – 2650 MHz wide ≤ 8 MHz
External ≤ 10 MHz
1
Example: For a 64QAM signal (a = 0.15), the
maximum symbol rate for the (2–2650 MHz)-wide
receiver is 8 MHz/(1.15) = 6.96 Msymbols/second.
Measurement results and display formats
Identical to Option 89441A-AYA measurement
results and display formats except for the following
changes to the error summary display:
VSB pilot level is shown, in dB relative to nominal.
For VSB formats, SNR is calculated from the
real part of the error vector only.
For DVB formats, EVM is calculated without
removing IQ offset.
Accuracy
Residual errors (typical)
8VSB or 16VSB, symbol rate = 10.762 MHz,
a = 0.115, instrument receiver mode of IF 0–10 MHz
or RF 2–2650 MHz, 7 MHz span, full-scale signal,
range ≥ –25 dBm, result length = 800, averages = 10.
Residual EVM ≤ 1.5% (SNR ≥ 36 dB)
16, 32, 64 or 256 QAM, symbol rate = 6.9 MHz,
c = 0.15, instrument receiver mode of IF 0–10 MHz
or RF 2–2650 MHz-wide, 8 MHz span, full-scale
signal, range ≥ –25 dBrn, result length = 800,
averages = 10.
Residual EVM ≤ 1.0% (SNR ≥ 40 dB)
Filtering
All Option 89441A-AYA filter types are supported
except user-defined filters for VSB analysis. Filters
are calculated to 40 symbols in length.
Triggering and synchronization
All Option 89441A-AYA signal acquisition features
are supported except pulse and sync word search
for VSB analysis.
Waterfall and spectrogram —
Option 89441A-AYB
Waterfall
Types Vertical and skewed,
Azimuth adjustable 0 to ±45
Normal and hidden line
With or without baseline.
Adjustable Trace height
parameters Buffer depth
Elevation
Threshold
Spectrogram
Types Color, normal, and reversed
monochrome, normal, and
reversed
User color maps (2 total)
Adjustable Number of colors
parameters Enhancement
(color-amplitude weighting)
Threshold
Trace select
When a waterfall or spectrogram measurement
is paused or completed, any trace in the trace
buffer can be selected by trace number or by
z-axis value. The marker values and marker
functions apply to the selected trace.
Z-axis value
The z-axis value is the time the trace data was
acquired relative to the start of the measure
ment. The z-axis value of the selected trace is
displayed as part of the marker readout.
Display update rate: 30 to 60/second, typical
Memory required (characteristic only)
Displays occupy memory at the rate of 175
traces/Mbyte (for traces of 401 frequency points).
A full screen of 307 traces will require 2.25 Mbytes
of free memory.
1. Downconverter dependent
20
Advanced LAN support — Option 89441A-UG7
Remote X11 display (characteristic only)
Update rate: > 20 per second, depending on work-
station performance and LAN activity.
X11 R4 compatible
X-terminals, UNIX workstations, PC with X-server
software
Display: 640 x 480 pixel minimum resolution required;
1024 x 768 recommended.
FTP data (characteristic only)
Traces A, B, C, D
Data registers D1-D6
Time capture buffer
Disk files (RAM, NVRAM, floppy disk)
Analyzer display plot/print
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© Agilent Technologies, Inc. 2002
Printed in USA, June 6, 2002
5965-5425E
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