Introduction
Specifications describe warranted performance over the
temperature range of 0° to 45°C (except where noted)
and include a 30-minute warm-up from ambient conditions, automatic calibrations enabled, auto-zero on, time
domain calibration off, and anti-alias filter in, unless
noted otherwise. Supplemental characteristics identified
as “typical” or “characteristic,” provide useful information by giving non-warranted performance parameters.
Typical performance is applicable from 20° to 30°C.
When enabled, automatic calibrations are periodically
performed to compensate for the effects of temperature
and time sensitivities. During the calibration, no signals
> 0 dBm should be connected to the front panel inputs.
Definitions
Analog demodulation mode = Measurements with AM,
PM, and FM demodulation capabilities.
Baseband time = Time-domain measurements
selected by setting start frequency to exactly 0 Hz or
choosing full span in 0 to 10 MHz measurements.
dBc = dB relative to input signal level.
dBfs = dB relative to full scale amplitude range
setting. Full scale is approximately 5 dB below ADC
overload.
FS or fs = Full scale; synonymous with amplitude range
or input range.
RBW = Resolution bandwidth.
Scalar mode = Measurements with only frequency-
domain analysis available. Frequency spans up
to 10 MHz.
SNR = Signal to noise ratio.
Vector mode = Measurements with frequency- and time-
domain capabilities. Frequency spans up
to 10 MHz.
Zoom time = Time-domain measurements selected by
setting frequency parameters using center
frequency and span values.
Agilent 89410A
Vector Signal Analyzer
dc to 10 MHz
Data Sheet
2
Frequency
dc to 10 MHz
51 to 3,201 points
Center frequency signal-tracking
Instrument modes
Scalar (frequency domain only)
Vector (amplitude and phase information in
frequency and time domain and also time gating)
Analog demodulation (AM/FM/PM)
Sweep types
Continuous Manual
Single
Triggering
Free run External
Input channel External arm
IF channel Programmable polarity
Internal source and level
GPIB Pre and post delay
Averaging
Video Peak hold
Video exponential Simultaneous display of
Time instantaneous and average
Time exponential spectrum
Source types
CW Periodic chirp
Random noise Arbitrary (up to 8,192 points)
Input
One channel
Second 10 MHz input channel (optional)
Auto-ranging
Overload indicators 50/75/1M Ω BNC
Resolution/window shapes
1-3-10 bandwidth steps
Arbitrary RBW
Windows: Flat-top (high amplitude accuracy),
Gaussian-top (high dynamic range), Hanning
(high frequency resolution), uniform
Detectors: normal, positive peak, sample
Measurement data
Spectrum Time capture
PSD Frequency response,
Main time coherence, cross spectrum,
Gate time and cross correlation
Math function (with second 10 MHz
Data register input channel)
Auto correlation Instantaneous spectrum
Data format
Log magnitude Imaginary part
Linear magnitude Group delay
Phase (wrap or unwrap) Log/linear x-axis
Real part
Online help
Trace math
Display
1, 2, or 4 grids
1 to 4 traces displayed (single or overlay)
Auto-scaling
Color (user definable)
User trace title and information
Graticule on/off
Data label blanking
X-axis scaling
Instrument/measurement state displays
External monitor
Markers
Marker search: Peak, next peak, next peak right,
next peak left, minimum
Marker to: Center frequency, reference level, start
frequency, stop frequency
Offset markers
Couple markers between traces
Marker functions: Peak track, frequency counter, band
power (frequency, time, or demodulation results),
peak/average statistics
Memory and data storage
Disk devices
Nonvolatile RAM disk (100 Kbyte)
Volatile RAM disk (up to 20 Mbyte)
90 mm (3.5-inch) 1.44 Mbyte flexible disk (LIF or
MS-DOS® formats)
External GPIB disk
Disk format and file delete, rename, and copy
Nonvolatile clock with time/date
Save/recall of: Trace data, instrument states, trace math
functions, Instrument BASIC programs, time-capture
buffers
Hard copy output
GPIB/HPGL plotters
GPIB/RS-232/parallel printers
Plot to file
Time stamp
Single-plot spooling
Interfaces
GPIB (IEEE 488.1 and 488.2)
External reference in/out
External PC-style keyboard
Active probe power
RS-232 (one port)
Centronics
LAN and second GPIB
Standard data format utilities
Optional features
Second 10 MHz input channel (Option 89410A-AY7)
Extend time capture to 1 MSample (Option 89410A-AY9)
Precision frequency reference (Option 89410A-AY5)
Instrument BASIC (Option 89410A-1C2)
Vector modulation analysis (Option 89410A-AYA)
Digital video modulation analysis (Option 89410A-AYH)
Waterfall and spectrogram (Option 89410A-AYB)
Advanced LAN support (Option 89410A-UG7)
Instrument BASIC (Option 89410A-1C2)
Vector modulation analysis (Option 89410A-AYA)
Digital video modulation analysis (Option 89410A-AYH)
Waterfall and spectrogram (Option 89410A-AYB)
Advanced LAN support (Option 89410A-UG7)
3GPP W-CDMA analysis, includes Code Domain Power
(Option 89410A-080)
W-CDMA code domain power for exper. sys.
(Option 89410A-B73)
ARIB 1.0-1.2 W-CDMA analysis (Option 89410A-B79)
Enhanced data rates for GSM evol. (EDGE) (Option
89410A-B7A)
Feature summary
3
Frequency
Frequency tuning (characteristic only)
Frequency range dc to 10 MHz
Frequency span 1 Hz to 10 MHz
Center frequency tuning 0.001 Hz
resolution
Number of frequency 51 to 3,201
points/span
Signal track (when enabled) keeps the largest measured
signal at the center frequency.
Frequency accuracy (with standard high-precision
frequency reference)
Frequency accuracy is the sum of initial accuracy, aging,
and temperature drift.
Initial accuracy ±10 ppm
With precision ±0.2 ppm
frequency reference,
Option 89410A-AY5
Aging ±0.5 ppm/month
With precision ±0.25 ppm/month
frequency reference,
Option 89410A-AY5
Frequency counter
The frequency counter operates in scalar or vector
mode.
Frequency counter accuracy
Total accuracy is the sum of the frequency counter’s
basic accuracy and the instrument’s frequency accuracy.
Conditions/Exceptions:
Signal-to-noise ratio within resolution bandwidth,
20 dB minimum
Marker within
1
/2 resolution bandwidth of peak
Unspecified for uniform window and resolution
bandwidth < 5 Hz
Frequency counter basic accuracy
Stability (spectral purity)
Absolute and residual phase noise, F
in
= 10 MHz
(with optional precision frequency reference or equivalent)
100 Hz offset < –106 dBc/Hz
1 kHz offset < –110 dBc/Hz
≥ 10 kHz offset < –120 dBc/Hz
Phase noise decreases with decreasing input
frequency by 20 log
10 (Fin
/10 MHz) dB.
Resolution bandwidth
Range 312.5 mHz to 3 MHz in
1, 3, 10 sequence or arbitrary
user-definable bandwidth
Note: In scalar mode, the minimum resolution bandwidth
is 312.5 mHz and the maximum resolution bandwidth is
a function of span. In vector mode, the minimum resolution bandwidth is a function of span and the number of
frequency points, and the maximum resolution bandwidth is a function of span only.
Window Selectivity
1
Passband Sideband
flatness level
Flat-top 2.45:1 +0, –0.01 dB – 95 dBc
Gaussian-top 4.0:1 +0, –0.68 dB –125 dBc
Hanning 9.1:1 +0, –1.5 dB –32 dBc
Uniform 716:1 +0, –4 dB –13 dBc
1. Shape factor or ratio of –60 dB to –3 dB bandwidths.
Standard features
4
Amplitude
Input range (characteristic only) (2 dB steps)
50 Ω input –30 dBm to +24 dBm
75 Ω input –31.761 dBm to +22.239
dBm
1 MΩ input –30 dBm to +28 dBm
(referenced to 50 Ω)
Maximum safe input power
50 Ω/75 Ω input +27 dBm
1 MΩ input 20 V peak
A/D overload level > 5.0 dB above range
(typical)
Auto-ranging (characteristic only)
Up-only, up-down, single, off
Input port
Input channels 1 (second 10 MHz input
channel optional)
Return loss
50 Ω input > 25 dB
75 Ω input > 20 dB
Coupling dc/ac (ac coupling attenuation
< 3 dB at 3 Hz)
Input Impedance 50/75 Ω, 1 MΩ ±2%
(< 80 pF shunt capacitance)
Connector BNC
Amplitude accuracy
Accuracy specifications apply with flat-top window
selected. Amplitude accuracy is the sum of absolute
full-scale accuracy and amplitude linearity.
Absolute full-scale accuracy (signal level equal to range)
±0.5 dB
Amplitude linearity
0 to –30 dBfs < 0.10 dB
–30 to –50 dBfs < 0.15 dB
–50 to –70 dBfs < 0.20 dB
Residual dc (50 Ω) < –25 dBfs
Dynamic range
Dynamic range indicates the amplitude range that is free
of erroneous signals within the measurement bandwidth.
Harmonic distortion (with a single full scale signal at the
input)
2nd < –75 dBc (–80 dBc typical)
3rd, 4th, 5th < –75 dBc (–85 dBc typical)
Intermodulation distortion (with two input tones at 6 dB
below full scale)
Second order < –75 dBc (–80 dBc typical)
Third order < –75 dBc (–85 dBc typical)
Typical harmonic and intermodulation distortion
Residual (spurious) responses (50 Ω input)
Frequencies < 1 MHz < –75 dBfs or < –100 dBm
whichever is greater
Frequencies ≥ 1 MHz < –80 dBfs
Alias responses < –80 dBfs
(for a single out-of-band
tone at full scale)
Input noise density (50 Ω input, vector mode or scalar
mode with sample detector)
1 kHz to 40 kHz < –101 dBfs/Hz
40 kHz to 10 MHz < –114 dBfs/Hz
(–118 dBfs/Hz typical)
Sensitivity (–30 dBm range, 50 Ω input, vector mode or
scalar mode with sample detector)
1 kHz to 40 kHz < –131 dBm/Hz
40 kHz to 10 MHz < –144 dBm/Hz
(–148 dBm/Hz typical)
Crosstalk < –85 dBfs
(source-to-input or
channel-to-channel,
50 Ω terminations)
Standard features
5
Time (vector mode)
Time-sample resolution = 1/(k*span(Hz)) [second];
where k = 1.28 for zoom time, 2.56 for baseband time
measurements.
Main time length = (number of frequency points – 1)
÷ span (Hz) [second]; for resolution bandwidth in
arbitrary and auto-coupled mode.
Amplitude accuracy ±5% full scale
(for a sine wave in the
measurement passband,
time-domain calibrations on)
Sample error rate for zoom time (typical)
Error threshold: 10
–8
times/sample
5% full scale
Sample error rate reflects the probability of an error
greater than the error threshold occurring in one
time sample.
Analog < 1 ns
channel-to-channel time
skew (time-domain
calibrations on, both
channels on the same range)
Phase (vector mode)
Phase specifications apply with flat-top window
selected.
Deviation from linear ±5 deg
phase (relative to best fit
line with peak signal level
within 6 dB of full scale)
Analog demodulation
Demodulation specifications apply with demodulation
mode selected and time-domain calibration on.
AM, PM, or FM demodulation. Auto carrier locking is
available with PM or FM demodulators and the carrier
value determined is a displayable marker function.
Demodulator bandwidth (determined by selected measurement span)
Maximum bandwidth 10 MHz (typical)
AM demodulation (typical performance)
Accuracy ±1%
Dynamic range 60 dB (100%) for a pure
AM signal
Cross demodulation < 0.3% AM on an FM signal
with 10 kHz modulation,
200 kHz deviation
PM demodulation (typical performance)
Accuracy ±3% degrees
Dynamic range 60 dB (rad) for a pure
PM signal
Cross demodulation < 1 degree PM on an AM
signal with 80% modulation
FM demodulation (typical performance)
Accuracy ±1% of span
Dynamic range 60 dB (Hz) for a pure
FM signal
Cross demodulation < 0.5% of span FM on an AM
signal with 80% modulation
Two-channel
The second 10 MHz input channel (Option 89410A-AY7)
provides additional measurements, including frequency
response, coherence, cross spectrum, and cross correlation. These measurements are made by comparing a signal on channel two to a signal on channel one.
Channel match ±0.25 dB, ±2.0 deg
(At the center of the frequency bins, dc coupled, 16 rms
averages, frequency response, full scale inputs, both
inputs on the same range. Exclude the first 5 bins of
the dc response.)
Standard features
6
Trigger
Trigger types
Scalar mode Free run, input channel,
internal source, GPIB,
external (each measurement
step requires a separate
trigger)
Vector mode Free run, input channel, IF
channel, internal source,
GPIB, external
Pre-trigger delay range (see time specifications for
sample resolution)
One channel 64 Ksamples (1 Msample
with extended time capture,
Option 89410A-AY9)
Two channels 32 Ksamples (0.5 Msample
(requires second with extended time capture,
10 MHz input, Option 89410A-AY9)
Option 89410A-AY7)
Post-trigger delay range 2 Gsample
(see time specifications
for sample resolution)
IF trigger (characteristics only)
Used to trigger only on in-band energy, where the trigger
bandwidth is determined by the measurement span
(rounded to the next higher 10
7/2n
[Hz]).
External trigger (positive and negative slope)
Level accuracy ±0.5 V
Range ±5 V
Input impedance 10 kΩ (typical)
External Arm
Level accuracy ±0.5 V
Range ±5 V
Input impedance 10 kΩ (typical)
Input channel trigger (positive and negative slope)
Level accuracy ±10% full scale
Range ±110% full scale
Resolution Full scale/116 (typical)
Source (with output filter on)
Source types
Scalar mode CW (fixed sine), arbitrary
Vector mode CW, random noise, periodic
chirp, arbitrary
Random noise > 70%
source % of energy
in-band (Span = 10
MHz/2
N
, N = 1 to 24)
Periodic chirp source % > 85%
of energy in-band
Frequency
Frequency range dc to 10 MHz
Frequency resolution 25 mHz
Amplitude
Source level
CW and random noise –110 dBm to +23.979 dBm
(50 Ω), 5.0 Vpk maximum
Periodic chirp and –110 dBm
arbitrary +19.542 dBm (50 Ω),
3.0 Vpk maximum
DC offset ±3.42 V maximum
(resolution and range of
programmable dc offset
is dependent on source
amplitude)
Amplitude accuracy (50 Ω, fixed sine)
–46 dBm to +24 dBm ±1.0 dB
–56 dBm to –46 dBm ±2.0 dB
Harmonic and other spurious products (fixed sine,
0 V dc offset)
dc to 10 kHz < –55 dBc
10 kHz to 5 MHz < –40 dBc
5 MHz to 10 MHz < –33 dBc
Source port
Return loss > 20 dB
Source impedance 50/75 Ω
Arbitrary source characteristics
The arbitrary source repetitively outputs data stored in
a data register. The data register may contain a single
time record or, with Option 89410A-AYB, a trace buffer.
The time length of the register depends on the time-sample resolution for the span entered when the data register was saved or created. See time specifications for
time-sample resolution details.
Arbitrary source length
Single time record Up to 4,096 complex or
8,192 real points.
Trace buffer Up to 16,384 real or complex
(requires Option points. Some configurations
89410A-AYB) allow up to 32,768 real or
complex points (see the
Operator's Guide for details)
Standard features
7
Safety and environmental
Safety standards CSA Certified for Electronic
Test and Measurement
Equipment per CSA C22.2,
No. 231
This product is designed for compliance to UL1244 and
IEC348, 1978.
Acoustics LpA < 55 dB typical at
25°C ambient (Temperature
controlled fan to reduce
noise output)
Temperature
Operating 0° to 45°C
Internal disk operations 4° to 40°C
Storage –20° to 60°C
(no disk in drive)
Humidity, non-condensing
Operating 10% to 85% at 40°C
Internal disk operations 20% to 80% at 30°C
Storage 10% to 85% at 40°C
(no disk in drive)
Altitude
Operating 4,600 m (15,000 ft)
(above 2,285 in (7,500 ft),
derate operating
temperature by
–3.6°C/1,000 m
(–1.1°C/1,000 ft))
Storage 4,600 m (15,000 ft)
Calibration interval 1 year
Warm-up time 30 minutes
Power requirements
115 VAC operation 90 to 140 Vrms, 47 to 440 Hz
230 VAC operation 198 to 264 Vrms, 47 to 63 Hz
Maximum power dissipation 750 VA
IEC 801-3 (Radiated Immunity) Performance degradation
may occur at Severity Level 2.
Physical
Weight 21 kg (46 lb)
Dimensions
Height 230 mm (9.1 in)
Width 426 mm (16.7 in)
Depth 530 mm (20.9 in)
Real time bandwidth (characteristics only)
Real-time bandwidth is the maximum frequency span
that can be continually analyzed without missing any
time segment of the input signal.
Frequency spans of 10
7/2n
Hz, arbitrary auto-coupled
resolution bandwidth, markers off, and one display trace
with calculations off on other traces, and maximum frequency points equal to number of frequency points.
Averaging off
Single-channel vector mode 78.125 kHz,
(log magnitude spectrum 60 updates/second
measurement data, 1,601
frequency points, channel
2 off, averaging off)
Two-channel vector mode 39.0625 kHz,
(requires second 10 MHz 60 updates/second
input channel, Option
89410A-AY7)
(Log magnitude frequency
response measurement data,
801 frequency points,
averaging off)
Averaging
Single-channel vector mode averaging (log magnitude
spectrum measurement data, 1,601 frequency points,
channel 2 off)
Fast average 78.125 kHz
Displayed 78.125 kHz,
48 updates/second
Two-channel vector mode averaging (requires second
10 MHz input channel, Option 89410A-AY7)
(Log magnitude
frequency response measurement data, 801
frequency points)
Fast average 39.0625 kHz
Displayed 39.0625 kHz,
48 updates/second
Demodulation
Single-channel analog demodulation mode (log magnitude
spectrum measurement data, 1,601 frequency points,
time cal off, channel 2 off, averaging off)
AM demodulation 39.0625 kHz
FM demodulation 19.53125 kHz
PM demodulation 9.765625 kHz
General
8
Measurement speed
Display update speed (vector mode with full span, one
or two channels, 401 frequency points, no averaging,
markers off, single trace with calculations off on other
traces, log magnitude spectrum, frequency spans of
10
7/2n
Hz): 57/second
Averaging (characteristics only)
Number of averages 1 to 99,999
Overlap averaging 0% to 99.99%
Average types
Scalar mode rms (video), rms (video)
exponential, peak hold
Vector mode rms (video), rms (video)
exponential, time, time
exponential, peak hold
Fast averaging allows averaging a user-defined number
of measurements without updating the displayed result.
This provides faster averaging results for most
measurements.
Gating (characteristics only)
Time-selective, frequency-domain analysis can be performed on any input or analog demodulated time-domain
data. When gating is enabled, markers appear on the
time data; gate length and delay can be set directly.
Independent gate delays can be set for each input channel. See time specifications for main time length and
time resolution details.
Gate length
Maximum: Main time length
Minimum: Approximately window shape ÷ (0.3 x span
(Hz)) [seconds]; where window shape (ws) and minimum
gate length for a 10 MHz zoom time span are (for 10 MHz
baseband time spans subtract 39.0625 ns):
Window ws Minimum gate length
Flat-top 3.819 1.328125 µs
Gaussian-top 2.215 781.25 ns
Hanning 1.5 546.875 ns
Uniform 1.0 390.625 ns
Time-capture (characteristics only)
Direct capture of input waveforms can be accomplished
with spans of 10 MHz/2
n
Hz. See time specifications for
time-sample resolution details.
Time capture memory: 64 Ksample; 1 Msample (Option
89410A-AY9)
Benchmarks: For a one-channel, zoom time measurement (for baseband time, halve the time), 64 Ksample
captures from 5.12 ms in a 10 MHz span to over 11.9
hours in a 1.19 Hz span. The optional 1 Msample captures from 81.92 ms in a 10 MHz span to over 190 hours
in a 1.19 Hz span. Memory is shared if two channels are
enabled, therefore length of capture is half as long.
General
9
Band power marker (characteristics only)
Markers can be placed on any time, frequency, or demodulated trace for direct computation of band power, rms
square root (of power), C/N, and C/N
o
within the select-
ed portion of the data.
Peak/average statistics
Peak and peak-to-average statistics can be enabled on
main time, gate time, IQ measured time (Option 89410AAYA), IQ reference time (Option 89410A-AYA), and math
functions involving these trace types. Average power and
peak statistics are computed using all samples in the
active trace. Each successive trace adds additional samples to the calculations.
Displayed results average power
peak power
peak/average ratio
number of samples
Peak percent 90% – 99.99%.
Setting can be changed
at any time during or after
the measurement.
Signal characteristics
Peak power range +13 dB relative to average
power of the first-time record
Average power range ±3 dB relative to average
power of the first time record.
Display (characteristic only)
Trace formats One to four traces on one,
two, or four grids or a quad
display
Other displays On-line help text, view state
Number of colors User-definable palette
Display points/trace 401
User-definable trace titles and information
X-axis scaling Allows expanded views
of portions of the trace
information
Display blanking Data or full display
Graticule on/off
Center ±5 mm referenced to bezel
opening
Dimensions
Height 107 ±5 mm
Width 154 ±5 mm
Diagonal 187.2 mm (7.4 in)
Status indicators
Overload, half range, external trigger, source on/off,
trigger, pause, active trace, remote, talk, listen, SRQ.
External PC-style keyboard interface
Compatible with PC-style 101-key keyboard: male DIN5
to PSC type mini-DIN6 pin female adapter required for
some keyboards.
Interfaces (characteristics only)
Active probe power +15 Vdc, –13 Vdc; 150 mA
maximum, compatible with
Agilent active probes
Sync out Active low TTL level signal
synchronous with source
output of periodic chirps and
arbitrary blocks up to 8,192
samples.
External reference in/out
External reference input Locks to a 1, 2, 5, or 10 MHz
(±10 ppm) with a level
> 0 dBm
External reference output Output the same frequency
as the external reference
input at a level of > 0 dBm
into a 50 Ω load.
GPIB
Implementation of IEEE Std 488.1 and 488.2 SH1, AH1,
T6, TE0, L4, LE0, SR1, RL1, PP0, DC1, DT1, C1, C2, C3,
C12, E2
Benchmark characteristics (typical transfer rate of
401 frequency-point traces)
Scalar 25 traces/second
Vector 20 traces/second
RS-232 Serial port (9-pin) for
connection to printer
Centronics Parallel port for connection
to a printer
External monitor output
Format Analog plug-compatible
with 30.15 kHz multi-sync
monitors
Impedance 75 Ω
Level 0 to 0.7 V
Display rate 57.43 Hz
Horizontal refresh rate 30.15 kHz
Horizontal lines 400
General
10
LAN I/O
LAN support: Ethernet (IEEE 802.3) TCP/IP
LAN interface: ThinLAN (BNC connector) or AUI
Program interface: Send and receive GPIB
programming codes, status bytes, and measurement
results in ASCII and/or binary format.
Second GPIB I/O
Secondary GPIB port: Per IEEE 488.1 and 488.2
Functions: Controller-only; accessible from IBASIC
program or front panel commands.
Peripherals
Plot/print
Direct plotting and black-and-white printing to parallel
(Centronics), serial (RS-232), and GPIB graphics printers
and plotters. Printers supported include the HP
LaserJet, HP Paint.Jet, HP ThinkJet, HP DeskJet, and HP
QuietJet. Single-plot spooling allows instrument operation while printing or plotting a single display.
Memory and data storage
Disk devices
Nonvolatile RAM disk 100 Kbyte
Volatile RAM disk 21 Mbyte that can be
partitioned between
measurement,
Instrument BASIC program
space and RAM.
Volatile RAM also supports
memory of waterfalls and
spectrograms with Option
89410A-AYB.
Internal 90 mm 1.44 Mbyte
(3.5-inch) flexible disk
(LIF or MS-DOS
®
formats)
External disk GPIB interface
Disk format and file delete, rename, and copy
Nonvolatile clock with time/date
Save/recall can be used to store trace data, instrument
states, trace math functions, Instrument BASIC
programs, and time-capture buffers.
Benchmarks (typical disk space requirements for
different file types)
Trace data (401 points) 6.2 Kbyte
Instrument state 12.3 Kbyte
Trace math 2 Kbyte
Time-capture buffers 271 Kbyte
(32 Ksamples)
Trace math
Operands measurement data, data
register, constant, other
trace math functions, jw
Operations +, –, *, /, cross correlation,
conjugate, magnitude, phase,
real, imaginary, square root,
FFT, inverse FFT, natural
logarithm, exponential
Trace math can be used to manipulate data on each
measurement. Uses include user-units correction and
normalization.
Marker functions
Peak signal track, frequency counter, band power,
peak/average statistics.
Standard data format utilities
Included on three 90 mm (3.5-inch) 1.44 Mbyte flexible
disks. The utilities run in MS-DOS
®
2.1 or greater on an
IBM PC (AT or higher) or compatible. The utilities
include conversions to standard data format (SDF), PC
displays of data and instrument state information, and
utilities for conversion to PC-MATLAB, MATRIX
x
, data
set 58, and ACSII formats.
General
11
Vector modulation analysis – Option 89410A-AYA
Supported modulation formats
The vector modulation analysis option supports both
single modulated carriers and separate baseband I-Q
signals. The optional second 10 MHz input channel is
required for baseband I and Q analysis.
Carrier types Continuous and
pulsed/burst
(such as TDMA)
Modulation formats 2 level FSK (including
GFSK)
4 level FSK
MSK (including GMSK)
QAM implementations of:
BPSK, QPSK, OQPSK,
DQPSK, p/4DQPSY, 8PSK,
16QAM, 32QAM
Default parameter settings NADC, PDC (JDC), GSM,
PHS, DECT, CDPD, TETRA
CDMA Base, CDMA Mobile
Filtering
All filters are computed to 20 symbols in length
Filter types Raised cosine
Square-root raised cosine
IS-95 compatible
Gaussian
None
Rectangular
Low pass
User-selectable filter Alpha/BT continuously
parameters adjustable from 0.05 to 100
User-defined filters User-defined impulse
response, fixed
20 points/symbol
Maximum 20 symbols in
length or 401 points
Frequency and symbol rate:
Receiver mode Information bandwidth
ch1 + j*ch2 ≤ 20 MHz
1
0 to 10 MHz ≤ 10 MHz
Symbol rate
Symbol rate is limited only by the information bandwidth
Symbol rate =
Bits
/Second
Bits
/Symbol
Where bits/symbol is determined by the modulation
type. Example: For the raised-cosine filter
Max Symbol rate ≤
Information bandwidth
1 + a
Measurement results (formats other than FSK)
Display update rate
Conditions: NADC preset, 50 kHz span, result length
150 symbols, 1 point/symbol. IQ envelope triggering
and data synchronization off.
Update rate > 2 per second
(characteristic only)
I-Q measured Time, spectrum (Filtered,
carrier locked, symbol locked)
I-Q reference Time, spectrum (Ideal,
computed from detected
symbols)
I-Q error vs. time Magnitude, phase (I-Q
measured vs. reference)
Error vector Time, spectrum (Vector error
of computed vs. reference)
Symbol table + error Error vector magnitude is
summary computed at symbol times
only
Measurement results (FSK)
FSK measured Time, spectrum
FSK reference Time, spectrum
Carrier error Magnitude
FSK error Time, spectrum
Options
1. Two-channel measurements such as ch1 + j*ch2 require Option 89410A-AY7
second 10 MHz input channel.
12
Display formats
The following trace formats are available for measured
data and computed ideal reference data, with complete
marker and scaling capabilities and automatic grid line
adjustment to ideal symbol or constellation states.
Polar diagrams
Constellation: Samples displayed only at symbol times
Vector: Display of trajectory between symbol times with
1 to 20 points/symbol
I or Q vs time
Eye diagrams: Adjustable from 0.1 to 10 symbols
Trellis diagrams: Adjustable from 0.1 to 10 symbols
Continuous error vector magnitude vs. time
Continuous I or Q vs. time
Error summary (formats other than FSK)
Measured rms and peak values of the following:
Error vector magnitude
Magnitude error
Phase error
Frequency error (carrier offset frequency)
I-Q offset
Amplitude droop (formats other than QAM)
SNR (QAM formats)
Error summary (FSK)
Measured rms and peak values of the following:
FSK error
Magnitude error
Carrier offset frequency
Deviation
Detected bits (symbol table)
Binary bits are displayed and grouped by symbols.
Multiple pages can be scrolled for viewing large
data blocks.
Symbol marker (current symbol shown as inverse
video) is coupled to measurement trace displays to
identify states with corresponding bits. For formats
other than FSK and MSK, bits are user-definable for
absolute states or differential transitions.
Note: Synchronization words are required to resolve
carrier phase ambiguity on non-differential modulation formats.
Accuracy (formats other than FSK and IS-95 CDMA)
Conditions: Specifications apply from 20° to 30°C, for a
full-scale signal fully contained in the selected measurement span, random data sequence, instrument receiver
mode of 0 to 10 MHz, start frequency ≥ 15% of span,
alpha/BT ≥ 0.3,
1
and symbol rate ≥ 1 kHz. For symbol
rates less than 1 kHz, accuracy may be limited by phase
noise.
Residual errors (result length = 150 symbols, averages = 10)
Error vector magnitude
Freq span ≤ 100 kHz 0.3% rms
Freq span ≤ 1 MHz 0.5% rms
Freq span > 1 MHz 1.0% rms
Magnitude error
Freq span ≤ 100 kHz 0.3% rms
Freq span ≤ 1 MHz 0.5% rms
Freq span > 1 MHz 1.0% rms
Phase error (For modulation formats with equal symbol
amplitudes.)
Freq span ≤ 100 kHz 0.17° rms
Freq span ≤ 1 MHz 0.34° rms
Freq span > 1 MHz 0.57° rms
Frequency error Symbol rate/500,000
(Added to frequency accuracy if applicable.)
Origin/I-Q Offset –60 dB
Accuracy (2 FSK and 4 FSK)
Residual errors, typical
4 FSK or 2 FSK, symbol rate = 3.2 kHz, deviation = 4.8 kHz,
instrument receiver mode of 0 to 10 MHz, 50 kHz span,
full scale signal, result length = 150, averages = 10,
tenth-order Bessel filtering with 3 dB bandwidth = 3.9 kHz.
2
FSK error 0.5 % rms
Magnitude error 0.3 % rms
Deviation ±0.3 % rms (14 Hz)
Carrier frequency offset ± 0.3 % of deviation
(Added to frequency
accuracy if applicable)
DECT preset (2 FSK, symbol rate = 1.152 MHz, BT = 0.5)
288 kHz deviation, instrument receiver mode of 0 to 10 MHz,
4 MHz span, full-scale signal, result length = 150,
averages = 10.
FSK error 1.5% rms
Magnitude error 1.0% rms
Deviation ±1.0% rms (2.88 kHz)
Carrier frequency offset ±0.5% of deviation
(Added to frequency
accuracy if applicable)
Options
1. 0.3 ≤ alpha ≤ 0.7 for Offset QPSK.
2. For error analysis, a Gaussian reference filter with BT = 1.22
is used to approximate the tenth-order Bessel filter.
13
Accuracy (IS-95 CDMA)
CDMA Base or CDMA Mobile preset, instrument mode
of Input (0 to 10 MHz), 2.6 MHz span, full scale signal,
result length = 200, averages = 10.
Residual Errors
Error vector magnitude 1% rms
Magnitude error 1% rms
Phase error 0.57° rms
Frequency error 10 Hz
(Added to frequency
accuracy if applicable)
Origin I/Q offset –60 dB
Signal acquisition
Note: Signal acquisition does not require an external carrier or symbol clock
Data block length
Adjustable up to 4,096 samples
4,096 symbols at 1 point/symbol
409 samples at 10 points/symbol
Symbol clock Internally generated
Carrier lock Internally locked
Triggering
Single/continuous
External
Internal source
Pulse search (searches data block for beginning of
TDMA burst, and performs analysis over selected
burst length)
Data synchronization
User-selected synchronization words
Arbitrary bit patterns up to 30 symbols long, at any
position in a continuous or TDMA burst and measurement result. Up to 6 words can be defined.
Arbitrary waveform source
RAM-based arbitrary waveforms
Waveform registers Maximum 6
Waveform length 4096 complex points each
(16,384 with Option
89410A-AYB)
Residual accuracy, typical
Examples
π/4DQPSK, 24.3 EVM ≤ 0.7% rms
ksymbols/second,
a = 0.35
GMSK, 270.833 EVM ≤ 1.0 rms
ksymbols/second,
BT = 0.30
Adaptive equalization
This option equalizes the digitally-modulated signal to
remove effects of linear distortion (such as unflatness
and group delay) in a modulation quality measurement.
Equalizer performance is a function of the filter design
(e.g., length, convergence, taps/symbol) and the quality
of the signal being equalized.
Equalizer
Decision-directed, LMS, feed-forward equalization with
adjustable convergence rate.
Filter length 3 to 99 symbols, adjustable
Filter taps 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, or 20 taps/symbol
Measurement results
Equalizer impulse response
Channel frequency response
Supported modulation formats
MSK, BPSK, QPSK, OQPSK, DQPSK, π/4DQPSK,
8 PSK, 16 QAM, 32 QAM, 64 QAM, 256 QAM, 8 VSB,
16 VSB
Digital video modulation analysis—
Option 89410A-AYH (requires Option 89410A-AYA)
This option extends the capabilities of the vector
modulation analysis Option 89410A-AYA by adding
modulation formats used for digital video transmission.
Except where noted, all of the standard capabilities of
Option 89410A-AYA are provided for the new modulation formats.
Supported modulation formats
Additional modulation 8 and 16VSB
Formats 16, 32, 64, and 256QAM 16,
32, and 64QAM
(differentially encoded per
DVB standard)
Options
14
Maximum symbol rate
Option 89410A-AYH analyzes vector modulated signals
up to a maximum symbol rate determined by the information bandwidth of the receiver mode and the excess
bandwidth factor (a) of the input signal, according to:
Max symbol rate ≤
Information bandwidth
1 + a
(Note: the maximum symbol rate is doubled for VSB signals.)
Receiver mode Information bandwidth
ch1 + j*ch2 ≤ 20 MHz
1
0 to 10 MHz ≤ 10 MHz
External ≤ 10 MHz
1
Example: For a 64QAM signal (a = 0.2),
the maximum symbol rate in 0-10 MHz mode is
10 MHz/(1.2) = 8.33 Msymbols/second.
Measurement results and display formats
Identical to Option 89410A-AYA measurement results
and display formats except for the following changes to
the error summary display:
VSB pilot level is shown, in dB relative to nominal.
For VSB formats, SNR is calculated only from the real
part of the error vector.
For DVB formats, EVM is calculated without removing
IQ offset.
Accuracy
Residual errors (typical)
8VSB or 16VSB, symbol rate = 10.762 MHz, a = 0.115,
instrument receiver mode of 0 to 10 MHz, 7 MHz span,
full-scale signal, result length = 800, averages = 10.
Residual EVM ≤ 1.5% (SNR ≥ 36 dB)
16, 32, 64, or 256 QAM, symbol rate = 6.9 MHz, a = 0.15,
instrument receiver mode of 0 to 10 MHz, 8 MHz span,
full-scale signal, result length = 800, averages = 10.
Residual EVM ≤ 1.0% (SNR ≥ 40 dB)
Filtering
All Option 89410A-AYA filter types are supported except
user-defined filters for VSB analysis. Filters are calculated to 40 symbols in length.
Triggering and synchronization
All Option 89410A-AYA signal acquisition features are
supported except pulse and sync word search for VSB
analysis.
Options
1. Downconverter dependent
15
Waterfall and spectrogram—Option 89410A-AYB
Waterfall
Types Vertical and skewed—
Azimuth adjustable 0 to ±45
Normal and hidden line
With or without baseline
Adjustable Trace height
parameters Buffer depth
Elevation
Threshold
Spectrogram
Types Color, normal and reversed
Monochrome, normal and
reversed
User color maps (2 total)
Adjustable Number of colors
parameters Enhancement
(color-amplitude weighting)
Threshold
Trace select
When a waterfall or spectrogram measurement is
paused or completed, any trace in the trace buffer
can be selected by trace number or by z-axis value.
The marker values and marker functions apply to
the selected trace.
Z-axis value
The z-axis value is the time the trace data was
acquired relative to the start of the measurement. The
z-axis value of the selected trace is displayed as part
of the marker readout.
Display update rate 30 to 60/second, typical
Memory required (characteristic only)
Displays occupy memory at the rate of 175 traces/
Mbyte (for traces of 401 frequency points).
A full screen of 307 traces will require 2.25 Mbytes
of free memory.
Advanced LAN support—Option 89410A-UG7
Remote X11 display (characteristic only)
Update rate: > 20 per second, depending on workstation
performance and LAN activity.
X11 R4 compatible
X-terminals, UNIX workstations, PC with X-server software
Display: 640 x 480 pixel minimum resolution required;
1024 x 768 recommended.
FTP data (characteristic only)
Traces A, B, C, D
Data registers D1-D6
Time capture buffer
Disk files (RAM, NVRAM, floppy disk)
Analyzer display plot/print
Options
By internet, phone, or fax, get assistance with all your
test and measurement needs.
Online assistance:
www.agilent.com/find/assist
Phone or Fax
United States:
(tel) 800 452 4844
Canada:
(tel) 877 894 4414
(fax) 905 282 6495
China:
(tel) 800 810 0189
(fax) 800 820 2816
Europe:
(tel) (31 20) 547 2323
(fax) (31 20) 547 2390
Japan:
(tel) (81) 426 56 7832
(fax) (81) 426 56 7840
Korea:
(tel) (82 2) 2004 5004
(fax) (82 2) 2004 5115
Latin America:
(tel) (305) 269 7500
(fax) (305) 269 7599
Taiwan:
(tel) 0800 047 866
(fax) 0800 286 331
Other Asia Pacific Countries:
(tel) (65) 6375 8100
(fax) (65) 6836 0252
Email: tm_asia@agilent.com
Product specifications and descriptions in this document
subject to change without notice.
MS-DOS is a U.S. registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
Matlab is a product of The Math Works.
Matrix
x
is a product of Integrated Systems Inc.
© Agilent Technologies, Inc. 2002
Printed in U.S.A. May 30, 2002
5965-5427E
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