Agilent 8903E Operator Manual

Errata

8903E Operation & Calibration Manual

08903-90053

July 1985

Title & Document Type:

Manual Part Number:

Revision Date:

HP References in this Manual

This manual may contain references to HP or Hewlett-Packard. Please note that HewlettPackard's former test and measurement, semiconductor products and chemical analysis businesses are now part of Agilent Technologies. We have made no changes to this manual copy. The HP XXXX referred to in this document is now the Agilent XXXX. For example, model number HP8648A is now model number Agilent 8648A.

About this Manual

We’ve added this manual to the Agilent website in an effort to help you support your product. This manual provides the best information we could find. It may be incomplete or contain dated information, and the scan quality may not be ideal. If we find a better copy in the future, we will add it to the Agilent website.

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Search for the model number of this product, and the resulting product page will guide you to any available information. Our service centers may be able to perform calibration if no repair parts are needed, but no other support from Agilent is available.

a

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HP

8903E

Distortion Analyzer

Operation and

Calibration Manual

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.....

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.....

. . ..

00..

Ag

i

I

en

t

Techno

Io

g i es

HP

8903E

DISTORTION

(Including

SERIAL

This manual applies directly to instruments with serial numbers prefixed

For additional important information about serial numbers, see Section

Instruments Covered

1.

First Edition

ANALYZER

Option

NUMBERS

2507A

and

001)

2516A.

by

Manual

in

@HEWLET-PACKARD COMPANY

EAST 24001 MISSION AVENUE, TAF C-34, SPOKANE, WASHINGTON,

Operation and Calibration Manual Part Operation and Calibration Manual Microfiche Part

No.

08903-90053

No.

90069

1985

USA.,

99220

Printed:

JULY 1985

1

Regulatory

Information

(Updated

March

1999)

1

Regulatory Information

Safety Considerations

GENERAL This product and related documentation must be reviewed for familiarization with safety

markings and instructions before operation.

(Updated

March

1999)

This product has been designed and tested in accordance with "Safety Requirements for Electronic Measuring Apparatus," and has been supplied in a safe condition. This instruction documentation contains information and warnings which must be followed by the user to ensure safe operation and condition.

SAFETY

A

uninterruptible safety earth ground must be provided from the main power source

product input wiring terminals, power cord, or supplied power cord set.

SAFETY

A

Indicates instrument Indicates hazardous voltages. Indicates earth (ground) terminal

WARNING

EARTH GROUND

SYMBOLS

damage

A

WARNING

practice, or the like, which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in personal sign until the indicated conditions are

can occur if indicated operating limits are exceeded.

note denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure,

injury.

Do

not proceed beyond a

fulls

IEC

Pubhation

to

maintain the product in a safe

WARNING

understood and met.

101

0,

to

the

CAUTION

A CAUTION note denotes a hazard.

procedure, practice, or the like, which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage not proceed beyond an CAUTION note until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

to

or

It

calls attention to an operation

destruction

of

part

or

all of the product.

Do

2

Chapter

1

Safety Considerations for this Instrument

Regulatory Information (Updated

March

1999)

WARNING

This product is a Safety Class I instrument (provided with a protective earthing ground incorporated in the

power

cord). The mains plug shall only be inserted in a socket outlet provided with a protective earth contact. Any interruption of the protective

or

conductor inside

outside of the product

product dangerous. Intentional interruption Whenever

it

is

likely that the protection has been impaired, the

is

likely to make the

is

prohibited.

instrument must be made inoperative and be secured against any unintended operation.

If

this instrument is to be energized voltage reduction), make sure the common terminal is connected the earth terminal

If

this product

of

is

not used

the power source.

as

specified, the protection provided by

via

an auto transformer (for

to

the equipment could be impaired. This product must be used in a normal condition (in which all means for protection are intact) only.

No

operator serviceable parts in this product. Refer servicing to qualified personnel. To prevent electrical shock, do not remove covers.

Servicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel only.

To avoid electrical shock, do not perform any servicing unless you are qualified to do

so.

The opening of covers dangerous voltages. Disconnect the product from while

it

is

being opened.

The power cord is connected to internal capacitors that

live

for 5 seconds after disconnecting the plug from its power supply.

or

removal of parts

is

likely to expose

all

voltage sources

my

remain

For Continued protection against fire hazard, replace the line fuse(s) only with example, normal blow

250

V

fuse(s)

or

the same current rating and type

or

time delay). Do not use repaired fuses or

(for

short circuited fuseholders.

Always use the three-prong ac power cord supplied with this product. Failure to ensure adequate earth grounding by not using this cord may cause product damage.

This product Pollution Degree

INDOOR

is

USE

designed

2

per

ONLY.

for

IEC

use in Installation Category

1010

and

IEC

664

respectively.

I1

and

FOR

This product has autoranging line voltage input, be sure the supply

voltage

is

within the specified range.

Chapter

1

3

Regulatory Information

(Updated

To

prevent electrical shock, disconnect instrument before cleaning, Use a dry cloth or to clean the external case

Ventilation Requirements: When installing the product in a cabinet, the convection into and out The ambient temperature (outside the cabinet) must be less than the maximum operating temperature of the product by watts dissipated in the cabinet. If the total power dissipated in the cabinet used.

Product Markings

March

1999)

is

greater than

from

one

slightly dampened with water

parts.

800

Do

not attempt

of

the product must not be restricted.

to

clean internally.

4"

C

for every

watts, then forced convection must be

mains (line)

100

CE - the CE mark accompanied

CSA - the

by a year indicated the year the design was proven.

CSA

mark

is a

registered trademark

is

a

registered trademark

of

the European Community. A CE mark

of

the

Canadian Standards Association.

Chapter

1

Model

89033

Safety Considerations

SAFETY

GENERAL

This product and related documentation must be reviewed for familiarization with safety markings and instructions before operation.

This product is a Safety Class I instrument (provided with a protective earth terminal).

BEFORE APPLYING POWER

Verify that the product is set to match the available

is

line voltage and the correct fuse

SAFETY EARTH GROUND

An uninterruptible safety earth ground must be provided from the main power source to the product input wiring terminals, power cord, set.

SAFETY SYMBOLS

Instruction manual symbol: the product will

be marked with this symbol when it is necessary for the user to refer to the instruction manual (refer to Table of Contents).

Indicates hazardous voltages.

f

Indicates earth (ground) terminal.

The WARNING sign denotes a

hazard. procedure, practice, or the like, which, performed

jury.

the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

or

adhered to, could result in personal in-

Do

not proceed beyond a WARNING sign until

It

installed.

or

supplied power cord

calls attention to a

if

CONSIDERATIONS

not correctly

Any interruption of the protective (ground-

or

ing) conductor (inside

or

ment) terminal will cause a potential shock hazard that could result in personal injury. (Grounding one conductor of a two conductor outlet is not sufficient protection).

Whenever it is likely that the protection has been impaired, the instrument must be made inoperative and be secured against any unintended operation.

If this instrument is to be energized via autotransformer (for voltage reduction) make sure the common terminal is connected to the

earth terminal of the power source.

Servicing instructions are for use by service-

trained personnel only. electric shock, do not perform any servicing unless qualified to

Adjustments described formed with power supplied to the instrument

while protective covers are removed. Energy

available at many points may, sult in personal injury.

Capacitors inside the instrument may still be charged even if the instrument has been disconnected from its source of supply.

disconnecting the protective earth

do

outside the instru-

To

avoid dangerous

so.

in

the manual are per-

if

contacted, re-

an

The CAUTION sign denotes a hazard.

It

calls attention to an operating procedure, practice, or the like, which, correctly performed

or

age to not proceed beyond a CAUTION sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

destruction of part or all

or

adhered to, could result in dam-

of

the product.

if

not

Do

For

continued protection against fire hazard,

replace the line fuse(s) only with of the same current rating and type (for example, normal blow, time delay, etc.).

or

repaired fuses fuseholders.

short circuited

250V

Do

fuse(s)

not use

...

111

Safety Considerations Model

ATTENTION

Static Sensitive

Devices

89033

This instrument was constructed

charge) protected environment. This is because most of the semi-

in

conductor devices used by static discharge.

Depending on the magnitude of the charge, device substrates can

or

be punctured charge. The results can cause degradation of device performance, early failure,

These charges are generated tact, separation of materials, and normal motions of persons working with static sensitive devices.

When handling

devices, adequate precautions must be taken to prevent device dam-

age

or

destruction.

Only those who are thoroughly familiar with industry accepted techniques for handling static sensitive devices should attempt to

service circuitry with these devices. In all instances, measures must be taken to prevent static charge

build-up on work surfaces and persons handling the devices. For further information on ESD precautions, refer to “SPECIAL

HANDLING CONSIDERATIONS FOR STATIC SENSITIVE

DE VICES”

destroyed by contact

or

immediate destruction.

or

in

Section VIII Service Section.

this instrument are susceptible to damage

in

servicing equipment containing static sensitive

in

an ESD (electro-static dis-

or

mere proximity of a static

numerous ways such

as

simple con-

iv

Model

8903E

CONTENTS

Table

of

Contents

VOLUME

Section

GENERAL INFORMATION

Introduction Specifications Safety Considerations Instruments Covered by Manual

Serial Numbers Options

Manual Changes Supplement

Audio Testing

Balanced Input

Transceiver Testing

Systems

Options

Electrical Options

Electrical Option Internal Plug-in Filter Options

Mechanical Options

Front Handle Kit (Option Rack Flange Kit (Option Rack Flange and Front Handle

Combination Kit (Option

Hewlett-Packard Interface

BUS (HP-IB)

Compatibility

Selecting the HP-IB Address Accessories Supplied Electrical Equipment Available

HP-IB Controllers

Front-to-Rear-Panel Connectors

Retrofit Kit

Rear-to-Front-Panel Connectors

Retrofit Kit

Mechanical Equip

Available Chassis Slide Mount Kit

Chassis Tilt Slide Mount Kit Recommended Test Equipment Principles of Operation for

Simplified Block Diagram

Voltmeter and Notch Filter

Counter

Voltage Measurement Input Frequency Measurement

Controller

Basics of Audio

AC Level

Frequency

DC Level

Signal Impurities

Distortion

SINAD

.....................

............

.............................

..............................

.............................

................................

..........................

......................................

........................................

.............................

001

........................

...........................

908)

.................................

.............................

................................

.....................................

.......................

.

......................................

........................

.

.......................

....................................

..............

........

1

..........

.....................

..................

......

.................

................

907)

...............

................

909)

...................

...............

.

...................

.........

................

..................

.........

..............

............

........

.

...

Page

.

1-1 1-1 1-1 1-1

.

1-2 1-2 1-2 1-2 1-2

1-3 1-3 1-3 1-3 1-3 1-3 1-4 1-4

1-4

1-4 1-4 1-4 1-4 1-4

1-4

1-6

1-6 1-6 1-6 1-6

1-7

1-8

1-9 1-9

1-9

Section

INSTALLATION

2

................................

Preparation for Use

Power Requirements Line Voltage and Fuse Selection Power Cables HP-IB Address Selection Interconnections Mating Connectors

Interface Connector

Coaxial Connectors Operating Environment Bench Operation Rack Mounting

Storage and Shipment

Environment

Packaging

Original Packaging

Other Packaging

Introduction

General Operatingg Characteristics Turn-On Procedure Local Operation

Simplified Operation

Panel Features

Detailed Operating Instructions

Supplemental Information Remote Operation (HP-IB) Operator’s Checks

Basic Functional Checks

HP-IB Functional Checks Operator’s Maintenance

Operator’s Checks

Basic Functional Checks

Preliminary Check

Filter Check Distortion

SINAD Check

DC Level Check

HP-IB Functional Checks

Address Recognition

Remote and Local Messages and the LCL Key

Sending the Data Message

Receiving the Data Message

Local Lockout and Clear

Lockout/Set Local M Clear Message Abort Message Status Byte Message Require Service Message Trigger Message and Clear

Key Triggering

....................................

.......................

......................................

.............................

...........................

................

.................................

.......................

..............................

............................

.........................

..........................

........................

..............................

...............................

...........................

.................................

.............

...............

Section

OPERATION

3

......... .........

............................

...............................

.........................

.......................

........

....................

.........

.............................

.....................

....................

........................

...............................

........

...........

................................

.................................

.............................

...........................

.....................

........................

..................

.................

...............

.......

.............................

.......................

....................

...........................

Page

.

2-1

2.1 2-1 2-1 2-1 2-1 2-2 2-4 2-4 2-4 2-4

2-4 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5

2-5

3-1 3-1 3-1A 3-1 3-2

3-2

3-2 3-2 3-2 3-2 3-8

3-9

3-10

3-10 3-10 3-11

3-11

3-12 3-13 3-13

3-13

3-14

3-15

3-16

3-17

V

Table

of

Contents

Model

89033

Remote Operation, Hewlett-Packard

Interface Bus HP-IB Compatibility

...........................

.

............

.......................

....................

Local Mode

Local Capability Remote-to-Local Mode Changes

Addressing

Local Lockout Data Messages Receiving the Data Message

Listen Only

Data Input Format Program Codes

Turning Off Functions Programming Numeric Data General Numeric Data Input Format Triggering Measurements with the

Data Message

Special Considerations for

Triggered Operation

Reading Data from the Right

or Left Display

Program Order Considerations

Sending the Data Message

Talk Only Mode Talk Status Only Mode

Data Output Format Data Output Format

Error Output Format Receiving the Clear Message Receiving the Trigger Message Receiving the Remote Message Receiving the Local Message Receiving the Local

Lockout Message Receiving the Clear Lockout/Set

................

......................

.........

...............

........................

......................

..............

..........................

....................

.......................

............

...

.......................

..............

.....................

...............

......................

....

..................

..............

.............

............

.

..........

.....................

Receiving the Pass Control Message Sending the Require Service Message Selecting the Service Request

Condition Sending the Status Byte Message Sending the Status Bit

Receiving the Abort Message HP-IB Syntax and Characteristics

Summary

...................

.......................

.............

....

....................

CONTENTS

Page

-

3-19 3-19 3-19 3-19

........

.

...........

........

....

......

.....

3-19 3-19 3-19 3-19 3-21

3-21 3-21 3-22 3-22

3-23

3-24

3-24 3-25

3-25 3-25

3-25 3-26 3-26

3-26

3-26 3-26 3-26

3-27

3-29

(cont’d)

DETAILED OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

..........................

ion

......................

Common Mode DC Level Default Conditions and Power-up

Sequence Detector Selection Display Level in Watts Distortion

Error Disable Error Message Summary

Filters

Hold Settings HP-IB Address Input Level Range (DC Level) Input Level Range (Except DC Level) Monitor Notch Tune Post-Notch Detector Filtering

Post-Notch Gain Rapid Frequency Count RATIO and LOG/LIN Read Display to HP-IB Service Request Condition SINAD Special Functions Time Between Measurements

Introduction Equipment Required Test Record Calibration Cycle Abbreviated Performance Testing PERFORMANCE AC Level Accuracy DC Level Accuracy Residual Distortion and Noise Distortion and SINAD Accuracy Frequency Accuracy and Sensitivity Audio Filters Input Impedance

Common-Mode Rejection Ratio Performance Test Record

.........................

(Except SINAD)

..................................

.......... .............

...............

.............

....................

..............

...............

.....

...................

..............

...................

..........................

nt

.......................

.............................

...........................

.............

.................

..............

........................

...........

....................

..............

.................

......

...............

Section

PERFORMANCE TESTS

4

....................

............

...............................

..........................

TESTS

..................

.........................

............

.....

.............................

................

. ......

...... ......

......

.......

...........

.........

............

.........

......

Page

-

3-33 3-33 3-35 3-36 3-39

3-43 3-45 3-47 3-48

3-51 3-55

3-57 3-58 3-59 3-61 3-62 3-64

3-67

3-68 3-69

3-70 3-73 3-75 3-76 3-78 3-80 3-86

4-1 4-1 4-1 4-2 4-2

4-14 4-15

4-22

4-24 4-26

vi

Model

89033

Table

of

Contents

Section 5

ADJUSTMENTS

Introduction Safety Considerations Equipment Required

. . .

.

. .

. . . . . . .

. . .

.

. . . .

.

Factory-Selected Components Post-Repair Tests,

Adjustments, and Checks Related Adjustments ADJUSTMENTS

. .

. . .

. . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . .

Internal Reference Frequency

CONTENTS

. . . .

.

. .

. . . .

. . . . . .

.

. . . . . .

.

. . . . . . . . .

.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . .

. . .

. . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . .

. .

. . . . .

. .

.

. . . .

. .

.

. .

. . . . .

. . . . . .

.

. .

.

. .

Page

-

5-1 5-1 5-1 5-1

5-1

5-2

5-3 5-3

(cont’d)

Input Flatness Common-Mode Rejection Input DC Offset

400

Hz High-Pass and Weighting

Bandpass Filters Notch Filter Tune and Balance Voltmeter (Using

Controller)

Voltmeter (Not Requiring an HP-IB

Controller)

. . . . . . . . . . . .

. .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . .

.

. . .

an

HP-IB

. . . .

.

. . .

.

. . .

. . . . . . . . . . .

.

. . .

.

. .

.

. . . . . . . .

. .

.

. . . .

. .

. . .

. . . . .

. .

. . . . . . .

. .

. . . .

. . . . . . . .

. . . .

. . .

. . . .

.

. . . . . .

. . .

. .

. . . . . .

.

. .

. . .

. .

5-4 5-8

.

5-9

5-10 5-12

5-13

5-16

vii

Model 89033

General Information

Section

GENERAL

1-1.

INTRODUCTION

This manual contains information required to install, operate, test, adjust, and service the Hewlett-Packard Model 89033 Distortion Analyzer. This manual documents options installed in the Distortion Analyzer such as rear-panel connections and internal plug-in filters.

This section of the manual describes the instruments documented by the manual and covers instrument description, options, accessories, specifications, and

other basic information. This section also contains

principles of operation on a simplified block diagram

level and basic information on audio measurements.

The other sections contain the following

information:

Section

initial inspection, preparation for use (including address selection for remote operation), and storage and shipment.

Section

panel features, and includes operating checks, operating instructions and maintenance information.

Section

tion required to check performance

against the critical specifications in Table

Section

required to properly adjust the instrument.

Section

formation for all replaceable parts and assemblies.

Section

modification, recommendations, and procedures.

Section

to repair the instrument.

Sections 1 through 5 are bound

Operation and Calibration Manual.

8

are bound in

ual.

Service Supplement,

Copies of the the instrument unless specifically requested

915) at time

Calibration Manual

order. When option

2,

Installation:

3,

Operation:

for

4,

Performance Tests:

5,

Adjustments:

6,

Replaceable Parts:

7,

Instrument Changes:

8,

Service:

two

The

Service Manual

of

instrument order. The

provides information about

both local

provides the information required

separate volumes, the

and

an

and

remote operation,

provides the informa-

of

the instrument

1

-

1.

provides the information

provides ordering in-

provides instrument

in

this volume, the

Sections 6 through

Service Man-

is comprised of

an

HP

8903E

HP 8903B Service Manual.

are not supplied with

(as

option

Operation and

is supplied with the instrument

915

is requested, the complete

1

INFORMATION

service manual (the the

HP8903B Service Manual)

instrument order. Copies of all volumes can be ordered through your

nearest Hewlett-Packard sales office. The part numbers are listed on the title page of this manual.

Also listed on the title page the manual part number, is

This number may be used to order 100

(4

X

6

inch) microfilm transparencies of this manual.

Each microfiche contains up to

of the manual’s pages. The microfiche package also includes the latest ments, as well as all pertinent Service Notes.

1-2.

SPECIFICATIONS

Instrument specifications are listed in Table These are the performance which the instrument may be tested. Characteristics listed under Supplemental Information, Table 1-2, are not warranted specifications but are typical characteristics included as additional information for the user.

1-3.

SAFETY

This product provided with a protective earth terminal). The Distortion Analyzer and all related documentation must be reviewed for familiarization with safety markings and instructions before operation. Refer to the

Safety Considerations

of this manual for a summary of the safety informa-

tion. Safety information pertinent

(installation, performance testing, adjustment,

service) is found throughout the manual.

1-4.

INSTRUMENTS COVERED

Serial Numbers.

ial number in the form on the serial number plate attached to the rear the instrument. The first four digits and the letter constitute the serial number prefix, and the last five digits form the suffix. The prefix

identical instruments. It changes only when a change is made to the instrument. The suffix, however, is assigned sequentially and is different for each instrument. The contents of this manual apply directly to instruments having the same serial prefix(es) as listed under SERIAL NUMBERS on the title page.

HP

89033 Service Supplement

is

supplied with the

of

this manual, below

a

microfiche part number.

96

photo-duplicates

MANUAL

CHANGES

standards,

or

limits against

CONSIDERATIONS

is

a Safety Class I instrument (that is,

page found at the beginning

to

the task at hand

BY

MANUAL

This instrument has a two-part ser-

OOOOAOOOOO

which is stamped

is

the same for all

X

150 mm

supple-

and

1-1.

or

of

1-1

General Information

Model 89033

Options.

Electrical Option

001,

internal plug-in filter options, and various mechanical options are documented in this manual. The differences are noted under the appropriate paragraph such as Section

1,

the Replaceable

Parts

List, and the sche-

Options

in

matic diagrams.

1-5.

MANUAL CHANGES SUPPLEMENT

An instrument manufactured after the printing of this manual may have a serial prefix that is not listed on the title page. An unlisted serial prefix indicates that the instrument differs in some way from those documented in this manual.

A

“Manual Changes Supplement”

manual

to

provide you with the most current change

is

shipped with this

information available at the time of shipment. In

to

addition

change information the supplement may contain information for correcting errors in the manual.

To keep this manual up

to

date and as accurate as possible, Hewlett-Packard recommends that you periodically request the latest Manual Changes Supplement. The supplement is identified with the print date and part number that appears on the title page. Complimentary copies of the supplement are available from Hewlett-Packard.

1-6.

DESCRIPTION

1-7.

General

The HP Model 89033 Distortion Analyzer

measurement system covering the frequency range

20Hz

to

100

kHz. The analyzer can perform

is

an audio

of

distortion analysis, frequency count, ac level, dc level, and SINAD measurements. The Distortion Analyzer reduces the number of instruments required in many applications involving audio signal characterization.

The Distortion Analyzer is easy to use. All measure-

or

ments are selected by one

two keystrokes. For

distortion measurements, the Distortion Analyzer

automatically ranges to, and tunes to the input signal. Measurement and output ranges are automatically selected for optimum resolution and accuracy.

The combined capabilities of the instrument are enhanced by microprocessor control, resulting in more capability than would be available from separate instruments. For example, using the ratio key allows

100%

you to set a

OdB

or

reference for making frequency response measurements. Microprocessor control allows flexible and versatile display formats.

For example, ac level can be displayed in V, mV,

600Q2,

dBm into

watts,

referenced to an entered

or

as a ratio (in % ordB)

or

measured value.

Virtually all functions are remotely programmable through the Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus (HP-IB)‘. Programming

is

easy and straightforward. All meas-

urements are made through a single input. This elimi-

to

nates the need

switch between multiple inputs under remote control and reduces software development time and hardware costs. The Distortion Analyzer measures the true rms level on all ac measurements. True rms measurements assure greater accuracy when measuring complex waveforms and noise. For those applications where average detection is required, the analyzer can be switched to average responding (rms calibrated) detection via a frontpanel key. Accurate distortion measurements typically

to

can be made

20

Hz

and

1-8.

Audio Testing

less than 0.003% (-9OdB) between

20

kHz.

The Distortion Analyzer has numerous features which make audio testing simple and convenient. For example, distortion results can be displayed in ora. volts, dBm into can be displayed in

or

AC level measurements can be displayed in

600Q,

or

watts. Measurement results

%

or

dB

relative to a measured

entered value. Finding the 3dB points of filters

%

and amplifiers is simplified by using the relative display feature. The Distortion Analyzer also features

is

20

bet-

Hz to

high accuracy. The internal Voltmeter flatness

0.5%

(0.05

dB)

ter than

20

kHz. Residual Distortion is typically 0.003% (-90

dB)

over the same range. See Figure

Balanced Input.

The Distortion Analyzer has a selec-

over the range of

1-1.

table balanced input configuration for testing bal-

anced devices. For example, in the quest for higher output power, many audio amplifiers use bridged out-

put stages. Such amplifiers can be difficult

to

characterize because their outputs cannot be grounded. To test these devices, the usual approach has been to

use a balanced, calibrated isolation transformer con-

an

nected to

analyzer with an unbalanced input. The balanced input on the Distortion Analyzer make transformers unnecessary. With the analyzer input in the float position, connect the bridged device directly to the Distortion Analyzer

to

make

measurements.

HP-IB:

I

Not just and support that delivers the shortest path to a measurement system.

IEEE-488.

but the hardware, documentation

1-2

Model 89033

General Information

-70

E

w

-75

??

g

-80

U

6

-80

5

-a5

-

I-

a:

-90

--

..

.

Figure

FREQUENCY

1-1.

Typical Analyzer Residual

Distortion

1-9.

Transceiver Testing

The Distortion Analyzer has several measurements

and features specifically designed for transceiver test-

It

ing.

has SINAD measurements for receiver testing, optional internal plug-in weighting filters for testing to international standards, a reciprocal counter for measuring squelch tones, and an optional internal

400

Hz

plug-in

high-pass filter for eliminating squelch

tones when measuring transmitter audio distortion. SINAD is one of the most basic receiver measure-

ments. sensitivity the Distortion Analyzer, the SINAD measurement

It

must be made repeatedly when performing

or

adjacent-channel sensitivity tests. In

is

more heavily filtered than the distortion measurement

to

in order receiver testing. The filtering lent repeatability and speed

smooth the noisy signals encountered in

is

optimized for excel-

(2

readingslsecond

typ-

ical). Some automatic distortion analyzers have a tendency to become untuned when measuring SINAD on noisy signals. The Distortion Analyzer overcomes this problem by providing a front panel key which

locks the notch filter at the input frequency. SINAD ratios less than 25 can be used to round the digital display

cU3,

a Special Function

to

the nearest

For

0.5dl3 to reduce digit flicker.

For

accurate noise ratio measurements, the Distortion

rms

Analyzer uses true

detection for SINAD. Most older instruments employ average detection which reads low for noise. The discrepancy can be 1.5dT3 or greater and varies with the ratio being measured.

For

correlating results with past test data, the Distortion Analyzer’s detector can be switched via a front-panel key to an average responding configuration.

For

transceivers, the Distortion Analyzer has an op-

tional, internal plug-in seven-pole

400

Hz

high-pass

filter for rejecting squelch tones. Rejection of squelch

tones up to audio distortion measurements to

250

Hz

is

greater than

40

dl3.

Therefore,

1

%

residual distortion can be made without disabling the transmitter squelch tones.

Under remote control, the Distortion Analyzer can count burst tone sequences. Typically the maximum count rate is 8 ms/reading.

1-10.

Systems

The Distortion Analyzer features capabilities for general systems applications. The distortion measurements are fully automatic, programmable, and fast. The typical time to tune and return the first distortion

1.5

measurement is

2

readingslsecond thereafter. The residual

of distortion of the analyzer is typically

seconds with a measurement rate

0.003%

(-90

dB)

between 20Hz and 20kHz. Often, systems applications involve measuring low

level ac signals. The Distortion Analyzer features a full range ac level display of 0.3000mV with an accuracy of >50 mV and from

4%

of reading

20

Hz to 20

(2%

of reading for levels

kHz).

The ac detector

is switchable between true rms and average respond-

3

dl3

ing detection. The both detectors is greater than

measurement bandwidth for

500

kHz.

Since many systems have noise problems, the

80

Distortion Analyzer has both 30 and filters

to

reject high frequency noise. In addition, the

optional internal plug-in

400

Hz

high-pass filter atten-

uates line-related hum and noise by more than 68

A

special binary programming mode is available in

kHz low-pass

dB.

remote operation. The rapid frequency count mode provides a packed, four-byte output for fast counting over HP-IB.

1-1 1.

OPTIONS

1-1

2.

Electrical Options

Electrical Option

001.

This option provides a rear-

panel (instead of front-panel) connection for the

INPUT and MONITOR connectors.

Internal Plug-in Filter Options.

The Distortion

Analyzer has two internal plug-in filter positions;

each position can be loaded with any one of six

its

optional filters. Each filter is referenced to

corre-

sponding filter position by one of two option numbers.

For

example, the be ordered as Option left-most filter position,

400

Hz High-Pass Filter Option can

010

which corresponds to the

or

as Option

050

which corresponds to the right-most filter position. These optional plug-in filters can be configured in any combination desired.

If

there

is

no filter ordered

for

a position, a jumper wire is loaded and a label marked

1-3

General Information Model 89033

“No Filter” is placed above the filter key on the front

panel. The following list includes the name and option

numbers for each available filter.

400 Hz High-Pass Filter (Option 010, 050). CCITT Weighting Filter (Option 011, 051). CCIR Weighting Filter (Option C-MESSAGE Weighting Filter (Option 013, 053). CCIR/ARM Weighting Filter (Option 014, 054). “A”

Weighting Filter (Option 015, 055).

Specific information on each plug-in filter option can

be found in the Detailed Operating Instructions in

3

Section

1-13.

The following options may have been ordered and

received with the Distortion Analyzer.

not ordered with the original shipment and are now

desired, they can be ordered from the nearest Hewlett-

Packard office using the part number included in each options are shown in Figure 1-2.

under “Filters”.

Mechanical Options

of

the following paragraphs. The mechanical

Front Handle Kit (Option

increased with the front-panel handles. Order HP part number 5061-9689.

012,

907).

Ease of handling

052).

If

they were

is

the Distortion Analyzer, refer to Remote Operation, Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus in Section 3 of this manual.

1-16.

The Distortion Analyzer. The switches represent a five-bit binary number. This number represents the talk and listen address characters which an HP-IB controller is capable of generating. In addition, two more switches allow the Distortion Analyzer to be set to talk only all HP-IB talk and listen addresses. Refer

Address

1-1

The accessories supplied with the Distortion Analyzer are shown in Figure

Time delay fuses with a 1.5A rating for 100/120 Vac operation 220/240 Vac operation One fuse is installed in the instrument at the time of shipment. The rating of the installed fuse is selected according to the line voltage specified by the customer.

If

stalled fuse will be selected according to the country of destination.

Selecting the HP-IB Address

HP-IB

7.

the voltage

address switches are located within the

or

listen only. A table in Section 2 shows

Selection in Section 2 of this manual.

ACCESSORIES SUPPLIED

1-2.

(HP

2110-0059) and a 0.75A rating for

(HP

2110-0018) are supplied.

is

not specified, the rating of the in-

to

HP-IB

Rack Flange Kit (Option

Analyzer can be solidly mounted to the instrument

rack using the flange kit. Order HP part number

506 1-9677.

908).

The Distortion

Rack Flange and Front Handle Combination Kit

(Option

rack flange kit packaged together; it

a unique part which combines both functions. Order

HP part number 5061-9683.

1-14.

909).

This

is

not a front handle kit and a

is

composed of

HEWLETT-PACKARD INTERFACE BUS (HP-16)

1-15.

The Distortion Analyzer is compatible with HP-IB

to the extent indicated by the following code: SH1,

AH1, T5,

DT1, CO, El. The Distortion Analyzer interfaces

with the bus via open collector TTL circuitry. An

explanation of the compatibility code can be found

in IEEE Standard 488, “IEEE Standard Digital

Interface for Programmable Instrumentation”

identical ANSI Standard MC1.l. For more detailed

information relating to programmable control of

Compatibility

TEO,

L3, LEO, SR1, RL1,

PPO,

DC1,

or

the

For Option adapters (HP 5021-0844) are also supplied for use when double-ended inputs conductor of the banana jack is connected to the center conductor These adapters are used when the front-panel INPUT or

OUTPUT FLOAT switches are set to FLOAT.

1-18.

(Also refer to Service Accessories, Table 1-4.)

1-1

9.

The Distortion Analyzer has an HP-IB interface and can be used with any HP-IB compatible computing controller applications.

1-20.

001

only,

two

type BNC-to-banana-plug

or

outputs are desired. The

of

the BNC adapter connector.

ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AVAILABLE

HP-I6 Controllers

or

computer for automatic systems

Front-to-Rear-Panel Connectors Retrofit Kit

This kit contains all the necessary components and

full instructions for converting instruments with front-panel connections for INPUT and MONITOR

to

rear-panel connections. Order 08903-60177. After installation and calibration, performance will be identical

to

the HP 89033 Option 001.

HP

part number

1-4

Model

89033

General

Information

SPARE INTERNAL FUSES

OPTION

909

RACK FLANGE AND FRONT HANDLE COMBINATION KIT

BNC TO BANANA PLUG ADAPTER

OPTION

907

FRONT HANDLE KIT

NOTE:

Refer

Figure

to

ACCESSORIES

1-2.

HP

SUPPLIED,

Model

for

8903E

OPTION

RACK

more

details.

908

FLANGE KIT

Accessories Supplied, and Options

907, 908,

and

909

1-5

General Information

Model 89033

1-21. Rear-to-Front-Panel Connectors

Retrofit Kit

This kit contains all the necessary components and full instructions for converting instruments with rearpanel connections for INPUT and MONITOR to front-panel connections. Order HP part number 08903-

60178. After installation and calibration, performance will be identical to the standard HP89033.

1-22. MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT

AVAILABLE

1-23. Chassis Slide Mount Kit

This kit is extremely useful when the Distortion Analyzer is rack mounted. Access and components

or

the rear-panel

to

internal circuits

is

possible without removing the instrument from the rack. Order HP part number 1494-0060 for 431.8mm (17in.) fixed slides, and part number 1494-0061 for the correct adapters for non-HP rack enclosures.

1-24. Chassis Tilt Slide Mount Kit

1-25. RECOMMENDED TEST EQUIPMENT

Table 1-3 lists the test equipment recommended for use in testing, adjusting, and servicing the Distortion Analyzer. If any of the recommended equipment is unavailable, instruments with equivalent minimum specifications may be substituted. Table 1-3 also includes some alternate equipment listings.

1-26. PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION

FOR

SIMPLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRAM

The HP Model 89033 Distortion Analyzer combines two instruments into one: a general purpose voltmeter with a tunable notch filter at the input, and a frequency counter. Measurements are managed by a microprocessor-based Controller. This combination forms an instrument that can make most common measurements on audio circuits automatically.

To

add to its versatility, the Distortion Analyzer also has selectable input filters, and HP-IB

programmability. The operation of the instrument is described in the

following order: Voltmeter and Notch Filter, Counter, and Controller. Refer

to

Figure 1-3.

This kit is the same as the Chassis Slide Mount Kit above except it also allows the tilting of the instru-

or

ment up 0062 for 431.8mm

down 90". Order HP part number 1494-

(17

in.) tilting slides, and part number 1494-0061 for the correct adapters for nonHP rack enclosures.

1-27.

Voltmeter and Notch Filter

The amplitude measurement path flows from the INPUT connector to the MONITOR output (on the front panel) and includes the Input and Output RMS/ Average Detectors, dc voltmeter (the Voltage-to-Time

Converter and Counter). Measurements are made on

If

-

41

1-6

-1

KEYBOARD AND DISPLAY

0

oonm

D.

Figure

1-3.

Simplified

HP

8903E

Distortion Analyzer

Block

Diagram

Model 89033

General Information

the difference between the signals on the inner

conductor and shield of the INPUT connector

for option bined differential and common-mode levels can be as high as 300V. However, for safety purposes only 42V

maximum is allowed on the outer conductor of the

single BNC input connector when in the FLOAT position.

The input signal is ac coupled for all measurement modes except dc level. The signal Input Attenuator to a level of 3V the active circuits that follow, the Over-Voltage Protection circuit opens whenever its input exceeds 15V. The differential signal signal (that is, a signal referenced to ground) and amplified. In the dc level mode, the dc voltage measured at this point by the dc voltmeter. The signal is further amplified by a Programmable Gain Amplifier which fier and the Differential-to-Single-Ended Amplifier are programmed to keep the signal level going into the Input Detector and Notch Filter between 1.7 and 3 Vrms. This optimizes the effectiveness and accuracy of the amplifiers, particularly in the distortion and SINAD modes.

The output from the first Programmable Gain Amplifier is converted to dc by the Ranging RMS Detector, and measured by the dc voltmeter. The output of this detector circuits. The signal then passes through the internal plug-in HP/BP filters to the input RMS/Average detector and becomes the numerator of the SINAD measurement, and the denominator of the distortion measurement (refer The Input RMS/Average Detector make the ac level measurement; the Output RMS/ Average Detector dc level measurements, the Ranging RMS Detector also monitors the ac component lowers the gain of the input path overload the input amplifiers; otherwise, the gain of the input path is determined by measuring the dc level.

filters can be inserted into the signal path. The 400

High-Pass Filter is usually used to suppress line hum,

or

the low frequency squelch tone used on some mobile

transceivers. The Weighting Filters have bandpass

frequency responses that simulate the “average” re-

sponse of human hearing. In the SINAD, distortion,

and distortion level modes, the frequency of the input

signal is counted at the output of the internal plug-in

HP/BP Filters.

001,

the HIGH and LOW connectors. Com-

is

scaled by the

or

less. To protect

is

converted to a single-ended

is

ac coupled. The gain of this ampli-

is

used

to

set the gain of the input

to

Basics of Audio Measurements).

is

not used to

is

used for this measurement. For

(if

there

is

if

the signal will

At

this point, one of the two internal plug-in

or,

is

one) and

Hz

When measuring SINAD, distortion, level, the fundamental of the signal is removed by the Notch Filter. The output from the filter is the distortion and noise of the signal. In the ac level

is

mode, the Notch Filter and low-pass filtering, the output from the Notch Filter is converted to dc by the Output RMS/Average Detector, and measured by the dc voltmeter.

When measuring distortion, distortion level,

SINAD, the Notch Filter the frequency counted at the input to the filter. Coarse tuning is via the Controller. Fine tuning and balance are via circuitry internal to the Notch Filter. In SINAD mode, a front-panel key allows you to lock

the notch at a given input frequency,

notch will not become untuned in the presence noise. The two Programmable Gain Amplifiers, following the Notch Filter, amplify the low-level noise and distortion signals from the Notch Filter. The overall gain of the two amplifiers is normally set to maintain a signal level of 0.3 to 3V output.

The 30 kHz and

the Keyboard. With no low-pass filtering, the 3dB bandwidth of the measurement system is approxi-

mately 750 remove the high-frequency noise components in lowfrequency SINAD and distortion measurements. The output from the second Programmable Gain Amplifier drives the front-panel MONITOR output connector. The frequency of this signal Counter in the ac level mode because of the increased sensitivity at this point.

The Output Detector the ac level, SINAD (the denominator), distortion (the numerator), and distortion level modes. used to set the gain of the two Programmable Gain Amplifiers. Both the input and output detectors can be configured via front-panel keys to respond to the absolute average of the signal instead of the true rms value. The Voltage-to-Time Converter converts the dc inputs into a time interval which is measured by the Counter.

1-28.

The Counter frequency, of the signal at its input, then the Controller divides the number of periods by the accumulated count. The reference for the Counter Base which also

Counter has three inputs and two modes of operation:

Counter

80

kHz LP Filters are selected from

kHz.

The filters are most often used to

is

a reciprocal counter. To measure

it

counts the period

is

the clock for the Controller. The

bypassed. After amplifying

is

automatically tuned to

is

also measured by the

is

read by the dc voltmeter in

of

is

or

distortion

so

that the

at

the MONTIOR

It

is also

one

or

more cycles

the 2MHz Time

or

of

1-7

General Information Model 89033

Voltage Measurement.

Voltage-to-Time Converter is counted. The accumulated count is proportional to the dc voltage. For direct measurements (ac level, dc level, and distortion

level), the count is processed directly by the Controller and displayed on the right display. ments (SINAD and distortion), the counts of two successive measurements are processed and displayed.

For

SINAD and distortion, the ratio of the outputs of the Input and Output RMS/Average Detectors is computed.

Input Frequency Measurement.

last Programmable Gain Amplifier plug-in HP/BP Filters Input Schmitt Trigger the Counter’s input. The period of the signal is then

counted, the count

and the frequency

The time interval from the

For

ratio measure-

The signal from the

or

the internal

is

conditioned by the Counter

to

make it compatible with

is

processed by the Controller,

is

displayed on the left display.

1-29. Controller

The entire operation of the instrument is under control of a microprocessor-based Controller. The Controller sets up the instrument at turn-on, interprets

Keyboard entries, executes changes in mode of opera-

tion, continually monitors instrument operation,

sends measurement results and error messages to the front-panel displays, and interfaces with HP-IB. In addition, circuit operation. For example,

of the Counter, converts measurement results into

ratios (in

useful for servicing the instrument.

1-30. BASICS

The “audio” frequency range is usually taken to be

from

good, but the term is a convenient one to describe

sub-RF frequencies encountered in electronics. The

frequency range of the Distortion Analyzer extends

beyond the audio range

to 100 kHz.

Electronic instrumentation provides most of the tools

for quantitative analysis of audio signals. Thus, if

the signal

or

signal by a transducer of some kind (for example,

strain gauge

Apart from attentive listening to a hi-fi system, the most intuitive way of analyzing an electrical signal in the audio range is visually with an oscilloscope. Here you get a feeling for the signal’s size (loudness), frequency (pitch), and shape (timbre). You can also determine

its

%

20

Hz to

is

acoustic),

if

computing capability is used to simplify

it

forms the last stage

ora),

20

non-electrical (for example, mechanical

it

or

microphone) before it can be analyzed.

these parameters change with time

etc.

It

also contains routines

OF

AUDIO MEASUREMENTS

kHz. Few people have hearing that

to

include fundamentals up

must be converted to

an

electrical

or

are stable, and you can even make some quantitative measurements on it (for example, peak level, dc offset, period, risetime, etc.) Many times, however, the parameter sought does not lend itself to easy visual analysis. Thus, the Distortion Analyzer was designed.

It

combines into one instrument a series of general and specialized instruments, under microprocessor control, that make quantitative measurements on audio signals of any general waveshape.

it

easy for you to obtain accurate,

1-31. AC Level

Consider the very common measurement of a signal’s ac rms level. To make this measurement with an oscilloscope, you must first decide the nature of the

signal, because from it, the relationship of the peak level to the rms level can be mathematically determined. If the signal is sinusoidal, for example, the rms value is the peak amplitude divided by

This measurement voltmeter which electronically measures the rms level and displays the result. However, no other information about the signal is provided. The Distortion

Analyzer contains both an rms and an average re-

sponding voltmeter. The rms level of the signal is

displayed whenever the AC Level mode is selected.

The average level can be displayed by pressing the

AVG/RMS key. (When the LED is lit, the analyzer

is

in Average mode.) A special function is also pro-

vided which converts the measurement result into

watts

for a specified (external) load resistance (access-

able only through HP-IB). Another important ac signal characteristic is the vari-

ation in level vs. frequency (flatness).

can easily set a reference level (such as

particular frequency (such as

change in level as the input frequency is changed.

(The external source’s level otherwise, Analyzer makes this measurement easier in two ways. First, the reference can be set to the press of a button (the RATIO key). Second, the results can be logged into a controller over HP-IB to be plotted on a printer

An additional parameter related to ac level is gain, and more often, gain vs. frequency. To make a gain

measurement, measure the input to the device, then the output, and take the ratio. You first

source as desired, then either measure

a reference (press RATIO). Then measure the output.

The result can be expressed in either desired, an external source can be swept and the gain plotted as a function of frequency.

it

is

greatly simplified with

Of

1

kHz) and monitor the

is

assumed to be flat;

too must be checked.) The Distortion

100%

or

plotter.

set

5.

an

course you

1V)

or

OdB

an

external

it

or

set it

%

or&.

rms

at a

by

as

If

1-8

Model

89033

1-32. Frequency

Another common and basic measurement is

frequency. With an oscilloscope, you simply determine

the time interval between like points on the repetitive

waveform and take the reciprocal. With a frequency counter, frequency

is

measured electronically and displayed. The measurement is easier and usually much more accurate than could be made visually with

an

oscilloscope.

The Distortion Analyzer contains a counter which

displays the frequency of the input signal for all ac

It

measurements. is a reciprocal type;

should be noted that the counter

it

measures the period of the

signal (as you do with an oscilloscope) and computes

the reciprocal of this technique

to

obtain the frequency. The advantage

is

that for low (audio) frequencies, higher resolution is obtained in a shorter measurement time.

1-33.

Although not part of an audio signal, dc level

DC

Level

is

a quantity often encountered in audio equipment (for example, bias voltages and outputs from ac-to-dc con-

vs.

verters). Sometimes plots of dc level

frequency are desired (as in the case of an ac-to-dc converter). The Distortion Analyzer has dc level as one of its measurement modes.

1-34. Signal Impurities

Distortion and SINAD are used to describe the impur-

ity content of a signal. These terms are somewhat related and can often be confused. A pure signal

is

defined as a perfect sinusoid, that is, one whose

frequency spectrum contains only a single spectral component. Impurities are not always undesirable. Impurities, for example, are what add character to

the sound of musical instruments. Pure signals in

music sound monotonous. However, when testing a linear audio system,

if

a pure signal is applied to the input, anything but a pure signal at the output indicates that the system

is

degrading the signal. There are several common

classifications

of

impurities: harmonic distortion (har-

monics of the fundamental), intermodulation

distortion (beat signals

of

two

or

more non-related signals), noise (random signals), and spurious signals (for example, line hum and interference). All but intermodulation distortion are easily measured by the Distortion Analyzer.

1-35. Distortion

Harmonic distortion on a spectrally pure signal is

created by non-linearities in the circuit through which

General Information

it

passes. The non-linearities can arise in the transfer

or

characteristics of the active devices

the active device into saturation

by running

or

cutoff. Often, distortion can be reduced by reducing the signal level, filtering,

or

adding negative feedback.

According to Fourier mathematics, the non-linear terms in the circuit’s transfer function give rise to

harmonics of the signal. Total harmonic distortion

(THD) is usually defined as the ratio of the rms sum of the harmonics to the rms level of the fundamental. The ratio is usually converted to

%

ora.

An oscilloscope gives only a rough indication of the

A

amount of distortion present on a signal.

rule of thumb

is

that

if

the non-linearity causing the

general

distortion is “gentle” (for example, not clipped), a

trained eye can discern distortion as low a

an oscilloscope display. Figure amples of waveforms with nents that combined to produce them

1-4

shows several ex-

5%

THD and the compo-

(5%

5%

on

distortion would be considered quite high in a quality hi-fi amplifier).

An audio spectrum analyzer, which allows the user to see the magnitude of all harmonics, is perhaps the best instrument to measure harmonic distortion. The audio spectrum analyzer method, however, requires a fairly expensive instrument and some mathematical manipulation.

The traditional method of measuring distortion (accepted by the Institute of High Fidelity2 and others)

is

is with a distortion analyzer. The method

simple and adequate for most situations. With a distortion analyzer, you simply measure the signal level and set

it

up as a reference, then you insert a notch filter, tuned to the frequency of the fundamental, and measure the output of the filter relative to the input. This is the method used by the Distortion Analyzer

in the DISTN mode where the tuning and measuring

are done automatically. When using the distortion

it

is

analyzer method, the measurement result

as

distortion”

defined above except under the condi-

important to understand that

is

not “total harmonic

tion that the distortion is not too excessive but that

it

does predominate over any other signal impurities.

Some examples will illustrate these restrictions. Consider the case of excessive harmonic distortion.

10%

Let us use the example of a signal with

actual

total harmonic distortion in which all the distortion

comes from the second harmonic. The second har-

monic is then

*The Institute

Measurement ity, Inc.,

New

20

m

below the fundamental as viewed

of

High Fidelity, Inc., Standard Methods

For

Audio

York

Amplifiers,

(1978),

p.

9.

The Institute

of

High Fidel-

Of

1-9

General Information Model

89033

on a spectrum analyzer. When this signal is measured by a distortion analyzer, an error results from the

first

part of the measurement (measuring the input level) because the input level is not quite the same as the level of the fundamental. If the fundamental level were

0.1

be

1

Vrms, the second harmonic level would

Vrms (one-tenth

of

the fundamental). The

total input level (measured with a true rms voltmeter)

is the rms sum of the two components, namely,

Input

=

v/(1)2

+

or

0.5%

high. Thus, the measurement result would

be

9.95%

distortion instead of the true

you can see

(0.1)2

that

the distortion must really be excessive

=

1.005V

10%.

Actually,

to affect the measurement significantly.

Now consider the case where other types of impurities are significant. Suppose the actual total harmonic distortion is component that has a level that is

1%

but that there is an additional hum

1%

of the fundamental level. The distortion measured by a distortion analyzer will be

1.4%

(that is,

40%

or

3

dB

high). How, then, can you be sure that the result is a valid measurement of distortion? One way the MONITOR output with an oscilloscope.

is

to observe

If

the

waveform is clean and harmonically related to the

is

fundamental, the measurement

it

monic distortion. If

is not, selectable filters are

actual total har-

provided to remove unwanted signals. Use the optional Use the

400

30

Hz

High-Pass Filter to remove line hum.

kHz

or

80

kHz Low Pass Filter to remove out-of-band noise. However, select only filters that do not affect the fundamental and the harmonics

interest. Sometimes it is desired

to

include hum and

of

noise as part of the “distortion” measurement. For

this reason, the measurement is often referred to

as

a THD+N (total harmonic distortion plus noise) measurement

1-36.

.

SINAD

For most practical purposes the SINAD measurement, as made by the Distortion Analyzer, is equal to the reciprocal

of

the distortion measurement.

It

is

usually

expressed indB. The notch filter is coarsely pro-

grammed to the input frequency by the microproces-

sor

(but fine tuned to the signal at

its

input). When measuring SINAD in the presence of large amounts of impurities, a front-panel key locks the coarse tuning of the notch filter at the correct input frequency.

SINAD Distortion. The ratio (normally expressed in

is

an acronym for SIgnal, Noise, And

dF3)

com-

puted in the SINAD measurement is

rms

value

of

signal,

SINAD

=

20

log

rms

value

noise and distortion

of

noise and distortion

The equation eliminates the two restrictions discussed in connection with the distortion measurement.

SINAD ity of

is

used most often in determining the sensitiv-

a

receiver. Receiver sensitivity

is

defined

as

the RF level that, when modulated in a specified manner with a pure audio tone, creates a certain

SINAD (usually

12dB)

at the receiver’s audio

10

or

output. (The tone can just be discerned in the noise.)

Sometimes a noise weighting filter is required in the receiver sensitivity measurement. Optional plug-in Weighting Filters modify the frequency response of the Distortion Analyzer with a bandpass characteris-

that

tic

approximates the response of human hearing. Weighting Filters which meet most international standards are available.

1-10

Model

89033

General Information

I

SIN X AND

SIN X

+

0.05

SIN 2X

SIN X AND

SIN X

+

0.05

COS

2X

Figure

SIN X AND

SIN X

1-4.

Several Waveforms Each

+

0.05

SIN 3X

With

5%

SIN X AND

SIN

THD

and the Signal Components Which Produced Them

X

+

0.05

COS

3X

1-11

General Information Model

Table

1-1.

Specifications

All parameters describe performance in automatic operation or with properly set manual controls with a 1/2-hour warrnup period.

MEASUREMENT

Characteristic

SINAD

Fundamental

Frequency Range

Display Range

Accuracy

Input Voltage Range

Performance Limits

20

Hz

to

100 kHz

0

to

99.99

dB

21 dB

e2

dB

50 rnV to 300V

20 Hz to 20 kHz to 100 kHz

(1

of

4)

Conditions

20

kHz (unfiltered or with low-pass filters)

89033

Residual Noise and

Distortion (the higher

of)

DISTORTION

Fundamental

Frequency Range

Display Range

Accuracy

Input Voltage Range

Residual Noise and

Distortion (the higher of)

AC

LEVEL

Full Range Display

Overrange Accuracy

-80 dB or 15 pV

-70 dB or 45 pV

-65 dB or 45

20 Hz to 100 kHz

0.001% to 100%

(-99.99

21 dB

e2

dB

50

rnV

to 300V

-80

dB or 15 pV

-70 dB or 45

-65 dB or 45

300.0V, 30.00V,

3.000V, .3000V,

30.00 rnV,

3.000 rnV, .3000 mV

33%

2

2%

2

4%

e

4%

pV

to 0 dB)

pV

UV

20 Hz to

20

50 kHz to 100 kHz;

20 Hz to

20

kHz; 80 kHz BW

Hz to 50 kHz;

20

kHz (unfiltered or with low-pass filters)

500

kHz BW

20 kHz to 100 kHz

20

Hz to

20

kHz; 80 kHz BW

20

kHz to 50 kHz;

50 kHz to 100 kHz; 500 kHz BW

Except on the 300.0V range

50 rnV to 300V; 50 rnV to 300V;

0.3

rnV

to 50rnV;

500

kHz BW

20

Hz to 20 kHz

20

kHz to 100 kHz

20

Hz

to 100 kHz

DC

LEVEL

Full Range Display

Overrange Accuracy

1-12

300.0V, 48.00V,

16.00V,

33%

e 1

.O%

e6 rnV

4.00V

of reading

Except on the 300.0V range 600 mV Vin <600 rnV

to

300V

Model

89033

Table

1-1.

Specifications

(2

of

4)

General

Information

Characteristic

FREQUENCY

Measurement Range

Resolution

Accuracy Sensitivity

STANDARD AUDIO FILTERS

30 kHz Low-pass Filter

3 dB Cutoff Frequency

Rolloff

80 kHz Low-pass Filter

3 dB Cutoff Frequency

Rolloff

MEASUREMENT

Performance Limits

20 Hz to 20 Hz to

5

digits

0.01

~(0.004%

50

5.0

30

3rd order response,

18 dB/octave or

60 dB/decade

80 24 kHz 3rd order response,

18 dB/octave or

60 dB/decade

Hz

mV

t2

kHz

150

100

+1

kHz

digit)

(Cont'd)

Conditions

In ac level mode

In

distortion and SINAD modes

Frequencies

Distortion and SINAD modes only In ac level mode only

>lo0

Hz

400 Hz

PLUG-IN AUDIO FILTERS

400 Hz Highpass Filter

3 dB Cutoff Frequency Rolloff

CCllT Weighting Filter

Deviation from Ideal Response:

CClR Weighting Filter

Deviation from Ideal Response:

400 240 Hz 7th order response:

42 dB/octave

140 dB/decade

20.2 dB

21

dB

+2 dB

23

dB

+0.1 dB

+0.2 dB

20.4 dB

20.5 dB

~1.0

dB

22.0

dB

or

CCllT Recommendation P53

20

to 55"C, 80% relative humidity At 800 Hz 300 Hz to 3 kHz

50

Hz to 3.5 kHz

3.5

kHz to 5 kHz

CCIR Recommendation 468-2, DIN 45405

20

to 55OC, 80% relative humidity

At 6.3 kHz

7.1

10

31.5

kHz

10

kHz to

20

kHz

6.3 kHz to

7.1

kHz to

200 Hz to 6.3 kHz

31.5

Hz to 200 Hz,

20

kHz to

1-13

General Information

Table

1-1.

Specifications

(3

of

4)

Model

89033

I

~~

Characteristic

PLUG-IN AUDIO FILTERS

(Cont'd)

C-MESSAGE Weighting Filter

Deviation from Ideal Response:

CCIR/ARM Weighting Filter

Deviation from

Ideal Response:

"A"-Weight Filter

Deviation from Ideal Response:

Performance

20.1

dB

21.0

dB

20.1

dB

20.2

dB

20.4

dB

20.5

dB

21.0

dB

22.0

dB

20.1

dB

20.5 dB

21.0

dB

MEASUREMENT

Limits

'er BSTM

!O

to

At 1 kHz

60

XIR Recommendation

3olby Labs bulletin No.

20

to

At

6.3

7.1

200

31.5 20

IEC Recomendation meter

20

to 55OC,

At 1 kHz 20

10

(Cont'd)

41004

55"C,

80%

Hz to 5 kHz

55OC,

80%

6.3

kHz kHz to kHz to

kHz to

Hz to kHz to

Ht

Hz to

to

7.1

10

6.3

200

31.5

80%

10

20

kHz

Conditions

relative humidity

486-2,

19/4.

relative humidity

kHz kHz kHz

Hz, 10 kHz to kHz

179

and ANSI

relative humidity

kHz

averaging responding meter,

20

kHz

3.4,

type 1 sound level

TEMPERATURE

Operating Storage

INPUT TYPE

MAXIMUM INPUT

INPUT IMPEDANCE

Resistance

Shunt Capacitance

COMMON MODE REJECTION RATIO

REMOTE OPERATION

0"

to

55OC

-550

to

75OC

Balanced

42V

Peak

42V

Peak

100

kSZ

21%

101

kSZ

21%

<300

pF

>60

dB

>45

dB

>30

dB

HP-IB STD Compatibility Code: SH1,

L3,

LEO

PPO,

AH1,

SRI,

DC1,

488-1978

T5, TEO,

RL1,

DT1 , CO,

Full differential

Differentially applied, or between high input and ground.

Between low input and ground.

Except in dc level mode In dc level mode only

Each terminal to ground

20

Hz to 1 kHz,

20

Hz to 1 kHz

20 Hz to

The Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus (HP-IB) is Hewlett-

Packard Company's implementation of "Digital Interface for Programmable Instrumentation". All functions except the line switch and ground switch are remotely controllable.

El

20

kHz

VIN

<

2V

the

IEEE

low

terminal float/

Std.

488-1 978,

1-14

Model

89033

General

Information

I

Characteristic

~ ~~

POWER REQUIREMENTS

Line Voltage

100, 120, 220,

240 Vac

100, 120 Vac

POWER DISSIPATION CONDUCTED AND

RADIATED INTERFERENCE (EMI)

CONDUCTED AND RADIATED SUSCEPTIBILITY

NET

DIMENSIONS Envelope)

Height

Width

Depth

(Full

Table

Performance Limits

+5%,

-10%

+5%,

-10%

100

V.A maximum

MIL STD 461B

MIL STD 461B-1980

11.8 kg (26 Ib)

15.9 kg

146 mm 425 mm (16.8 in.) 462 mm (18.2 in.)

(35

(5.75

Ib)

in.)

1-1.

Specifications

(4

of

4)

GENERAL

Conditions

48

to

66 Hz

48 to 440 Hz

Conducted and radiated interference

CS02,

CEO3

and

RS03

requirements of methods and FTZ 526/527.

Conducted and radiated susceptiblity meets the requirements

of

methods CSO1,

(1 volt/meter) of MIL STD 4618 dated 1980.

Net Shipping

Note: For ordering cabinet accessories, the module sizes are

51/4H

x

1MW

x

17D.

and

is

within the

RE02

of MIL STD 461B

Table

1-2

All parameters describe performance in automatic operation or with properly set manual controls.

SINAD

Detection Resolution:

cial Function 16.0 will round the display to the

nearest half dB to reduce .digit flickering with noisy signals.

Tuning:

frequency.

Time

Measurement Rate:

DISTORTION

3

Detection: Displayed Resolution:

0.0001%

0.001

0.01

0.1

Time Measurement Rate: 2 reading+ typical.

AC LEVEL

AC Converter:

crest factor of detection.

true rms or rms calibrated average.

0.01 dB. For ratios less than 25 dB, Spe-

notch filter is tuned to counted input

to

Return First Measurement:

2.0

readings/s typical.

dB Measurement Bandwidth:

true rms or rms calibrated average.

(<0.1%

YO

(0.1

YO

(3%

'10

(>30°/o

to

Return First Measurement:

distortion)

YO

to

3%

distortion)

to

30%

distortion)

true rms responding for signals with

13

or rms calibrated average

1.5s

typical.

10

Hz to 500 kHz.

1.5s

typical.

Supplemental Information

MEASUREMENT

AC

LEVEL (cont'd)

3

dB Measurement Bandwidth:

Time

to

Return First Measurement:

Measurement Rate:

DC LEVEL

Time

to

Return First Measurement:

Measurement Rate: 3 readingls.

FREQUENCY MEASUREMENT

Measurement Rate:

selected.

Counting Technique:

base.

AUDIO FILTERS

400

Ht High-Pass Filter Rejection:

>65dB at 60Hz.

Monitor

Output

Output Impedance: 600fl.

In

ac level mode, provides scaled output of

measured input signal.

In

SINAD, distortion, and distortion level modes, provides scaled output fundamental removed.

>500

kHz.

<1.5s typical.

2.5 readings/s.

4.5s typical.

same as measurement mode

reciprocal with 2 MHz time

>40 dB at 240 Hz;

of

input signal with the

1-

15

General Information

Model

89033

Instrument Type

AC Calibrator

Audio Synthesizer

Computing Controller

DC Standard

Digital Voltmeter

Critical Specifications

Accuracy: 0.5%, 7 mV Flatness: ~0.1%, 20 Hr to 100 kHz, <6V Output Current: 60 mA Frequency Accuracy:

Frequency Range:

Frequency Accuracy: 54ppm Output Range: 3V into 600Q Output Attenuation Accuracy: 20.075 dB, to 0.3 mV range

HP-16 compatibility as defined by IEEE Std. 488 and the

identical ANSI Std. MC1.l: SHl, AH1, T2, TEO L2, LEO, PPO, DCO, DTO, and C1, 2, 3, 4,

Output Range: 3 mV to 300V

Accuracy:

AC Accuracy: r0.2% at 6 Vrms and 1 kHz

DC Accuracy: +0.2% at 1V

?0.1%

to

25%

20

Ht to

20.3 mV

300V, 20

500

kHz

Hz

5.

to

100

kHz

SRO,

Suggested Model

HP 745A and

HP 746A, Datron 4200 or Fluke 5200A and Fluke 521 5A

HP 3336C

HP 9825A/ 98034Al98213A or HP85B Opt. 007

HP 7408 or

Datron 4000 or

Fluke 893AR

Frequency Standard

Oscilloscope

Power Supply

Resistor 100kQ

Signature Analyzer

Test Oscillator

True RMS Voltmeter

Frequency: 0.1,

Accuracy:

Bandwidth: <3 dB down 0 to 10 MHz Sensitivity: Input Impedance:

Triggering: Internal and External

output: to 215v HP 6215A

Accuracy:

Because the signatures documented are unique to a given

signature analyzer type, no substitution recommended.

Frequency: 1 kHz Output: 30 Vpp

Type: true rms responding Level Range: 100 mV to Frequency Range: 20 Hz to Accuracy: Coupling: ac

1,

2,

5,

or 10 MHz

rl

ppm

5

mV per division minimum

1

MQ

5

0.1 O/O

1OV

500

20.2%

of

range 50.2%

kHz

of

reading

types is

House Standard

HP 1740A

HP 0698-7497

HP 5005A

I

HP

3310A

I

HP 3403C

A

CAT

T

P

T

I

IT

I

P

I

1-16

Model

89033

Table

1-4.

Service Accessories

General Information

Accessory

Digital Test/ Extender Board

Extender Board Extender Board Foam Pad

The performance tests, adjustments, and troubleshooting procedures are based on the assumption that the recommended test equipment equipment may require modification of some procedures.

Specifications Suggested Model

No

substitution recommended

44

contacts

30

contacts

Conductive polyurethane foam,

(2 X 22), 3 (2

X

15),

2

required required

12 x 12 X 0.25

NOTE

is

HP

08903-6001 8

HP

08901 -60084

HP

08901 -60085

inches (nonmagnetic) HP

4208-0094

used. Substituting alternate test

1-17

Model

89033

Installation

Section

INSTALLATION

2-1.

INTRODUCTION

This section provides the information needed to install the Distortion Analyzer. Included is information pertinent to initial inspection, power requirements, line voltage and fuse selection, power cables, interconnection, mating connectors, operating environment, instrument mounting, storage, and shipment. In addition, this section also contains the procedure for setting the internal HP-IB talk and listen address switches.

2-2.

INITIAL INSPECTION

pZiiE-1

To avoid hazardous electrical shock, do not perform electrical tests when there are signs of shipping damage to any portion

of

the outer enclosure (covers, panels,

meters).

Inspect the shipping container for damage. shipping container

it

should be kept until the contents of the shipment have been checked for completeness and the instrument has been checked mechanically and electrically. Procedures for checking electrical performance are given in Section 4. If the contents are incomplete, if there is mechanical damage instrument does not pass the electrical performance test, notify the nearest Hewlett-Packard office. shipping container terial shows signs of stress, notify the carrier as well as the Hewlett-Packard office. Keep the shipping materials for the carrier’s inspection.

2-3.

PREPARATION

2-4.

Power Requirements

or

cushioning material is damaged,

or

defect,

is

damaged,

FOR

or

the cushioning ma-

USE

or

If

if

the

If

the

2

This

is

a Safety Class I product (that

provided with a protective earth terminal).

An

uninterruptible safety earth ground

must

be provided from the mains power

source to the product input wiring termi-

or

nals, power cord, set. Whenever

has

tion be made inoperative and be secured against any unintended operation.

If this instrument is to be energized via

an external autotransformer, make sure

the

connected to the earthed pole of the power source.

2-5.

Line Voltage

BEFORE PLUGGING THIS INSTRUMENT into the Mains (line) voltage, be

sure the correct voltage and fuse have been

selected.

Verify that the line voltage selection card and the fuse are matched to the power source. Refer to Figure

Line

2-1, Fuses may be ordered under

0059,

1.5A

tion and 2110-0018, 0.75A (250V, time delay)

220/240 Vac operation.

2-6.

Power Cables

been impaired, the product

autotransformer’s common terminal is

Voltage and Fuse Selection.

(250V time delay) for 100/120 Vac opera-

supplied power cord

it

is

likely that the protec-

and

Fuse Selection

HP

part numbers 2110-

is,

must

for

(WARNING

To avoid the possibility of hazardous electrical shock, do not operate this instrument

at line

with line frequencies greater than

Leakage currents at these line settings may

exceed

The Distortion Analyzer requires a power source of

100, 120, 220,

Hz single phase

to

440

VA

maximum.

voltages greater than

3.5

mA.

or

240 Vac, +5% to -lo%, 48 to

or

100, 120 Vac, +5%

Hz

single phase. Power consumption is

1

126.5 66

to

Vac

Hz.

-lo%,

66

48

100

I

WARNING

BEFORE CONNECTING THIS INSTRUMENT, the protective earth terminals of this instrument

the

protective conductor of the (Mains)

to

power cord. The Mains plug shall only be

inserted a protective earth contact. The protective action must not be negated by the use an extension cord (power cable) without a

protective conductor (grounding).

in

a socket outlet provided with

1

must

be connected

of

2-

1

Installation

Model 89033

This instrument is equipped with a three-wire power cable. When connected to an appropriate ac power receptacle, this cable grounds the instrument cabinet. The type of power cable plug shipped with each instrument depends on the country of destination.

2-2

Refer to Figure

for the part numbers of the power

cables available.

2-7.

HP-IB

Address

Selection

a

This task should be performed only by service trained persons who are aware of the

potential shock hazard of working on an

instrument with protective covers removed.

To

avoid hazardous electrical shock, the line (Mains) power cable should be disconnected before attempting to change the

HP-IB

address.

In the Distortion Analyzer, the HP-IB talk and listen addresses are selectable by an internal switch. The

following procedure explains how the switches are to

2-1

be set. Refer to Table

and listen addresses. The address

"\"

a Talk address of

binary, this

is

11100;

and a listen address of

in decimal

for a listing of the talk

is

factory set for

"<".

(In

it

is 28.)

To

change the HP-IB address, the top cover of the Distortion Analyzer must be removed.

a.

Disconnect the line (Mains) power cable. Remove any HP-IB cables or connectors from

b.

the HP-IB connector.

c. Remove the Distortion Analyzer top cover.

1.

Remove the two plastic feet from the rear of the top cover by removing the panhead Pozidriv screw within each foot.

Unscrew the Pozidriv screw at the center

2.

of

the rear edge of the top cover. This is a captive screw and will cause the top cover to pull away from the front frame.

3. Lift off the top cover.

Operating voltage

1.

2.

3.

2-2

IS

shown in module window.

Open cover door,

Remove

Push

the

the card

Line Voltage Selection Card. Position the card

firmly

Rotate the Fuse

the cover door.

pull

Pull

the

FUSE

into

the

lever to

Figure

To

avoid the possibility shock, do not operate this instrument at line voltages greater than 126.5 Vac with line frequencies greater than 66 at these line settings may exceed 3.5

PULL

lever and rotate

to

left. Remove the

so

the line voltage appears at top-left cover.

slot.

its

normal position. Insert a fuse of the correct value

2-1.

Line Voltage and Fuse Selection

fuse.

of

hazardous electrical

Hz

(leakage currents

in

the holder. Close

mA).

Model

89033

Installation

I

1

250v

8120-1351 8120-1703

8120-1369 8120-0696

8120-1689 8120-1692

@

I

125V

fi

250V

8120-1378 8120-1398 8120-1754 8120-1378 8120-1521 8120-1676

8120-2104 3

Cable

HP Part

Number

0

Straight'BS1363A

6

90"

0

4

7

Straight'CEE7-Y11

2

90"

5

Straight*NEMA&15P

5

90"

7

Straight'NEMA5-15P

1

Straight'NEMA5-15P

6

90" Straight'NEMA5-15P

2

Straight'SEVl 1959-24507 Type 12

Plug

Description

01

1

Cable

Length

(inches)

I

90 90

79 79

80 80 36 80 80 36

79

Cable

Color

Mint Gray Mint Gray

Gray Gray

Mint Gray Mint Gray

Black Black

Black Jade Gray Jade Gray Jade Gray

Gray

For Use

In Country

United Kingdom, Cyprus, Nigeria, Rhodesia, Singapore

Australia,

New Zealand

East and West Europe, Saudi Arabia, Egypt,

So.

Africa, India (unpolarized in many nations)

United States,

Canada, Japan (1OOV or 200V), Mexico,

Phillipines, Taiwan

Switzerland

250v

a

no

I

220v

~

250v

'Part number shown for plug is industry identifier for plug only. Number shown for cable is HP Part Number for com-

plete cable including plug. E

=

Earth Ground:

8120-0698 6

8120-1957 8120-2956

8120-1860 6

L

=

Line;

N

Figure

Straight'NEMA6-15P

2

3

Straight'CEE22-VI (Systems Cabinet use)

=

Neutral

2-2.

Power Cable and Mains Plug Part Numbers

Gray Gray

United States, Canada

Denmark

2-3

Installation

Model

89033

d. Locate the HP-IB address switch accessable

through a hole near the center rear of the internal shield cover.

Use a pencil to set the switches to the desired

e.

HP-IB address and Talk Only Only (LON) condition. The switch

in Figure switch (marked with a address bit

2-3.

Facing the board, the left hand

“5”)

(A5

in Table

(TON)

or

is

illustrated

Listen

is the most significant

2-1).

Setting a switch

toward the printed circuit board places it in its

“1”

position. If the TON and LON switches are

“l”,

both set to If the address switches and the all set to

the Talk Only setting will override.

TON

switch are

“l”,

the Distortion Analyzer will output

one byte (the status byte) each measurement

cycle. (Setting all switches to

“1”

defeats HP-IB

operation.)

-Table

00010 00011

01100

01101 01110 01111

10000 10001 10010 10011 10100 10101 10110

2-1.

Allowable HP-IB Address Codes

B

C

L

M

N

0

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

-

#

I

0

1

2

3 4

5

6

2

3

12

13 14

15 16 17

18

19

20

21

22

Figure

f.

g.

2-3.

The HP-IB Address Switch Shown Set

by

the Factory. The Address Shown

is

11100

and Listen Only

in Binary with Both Talk

Off.

as

Only

Reinstall the top cover by reversing the procedure

c

in step

above.

Connect the line (Mains) power cable to the Line Power Module and reconnect the HP-IB cable

to the HP-IB connector.

h.

To confirm the setting, refer to HP-IB Address in the

Detailed Operating Instructions

in

Section3 of this manual.

2-8.

Interconnections

Interconnection data for the Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus

is

provided in Figure

2-4.

2-4

0

11100 11101 1111111101

Y

Z

\

1

n

9

<

- -

>

1

25

26

27

28 29

30

Model

89033

Installation

Temperature Humidity

Altitude

.....................

........................

.............

<4570

meters

0°C

to

<95%

(15

+55”C

relative

000

feet)

2-1 1. Bench Operation

The instrument cabinet has plastic feet and foldaway tilt stands for convenience in bench operation. (The plastic feet are shaped to ensure self-aligning of the instruments when stacked.) The tilt stands raise the front of the instrument for easier viewing of the front panel.

2-12. Rack Mounting

1-1

The Distortion Analyzer is heavy for its

size

(11.8

kg,

26

lb). Care must be exercised when lifting to avoid personal injury. Use equipment slides when rack mounting.

DO NOT

the bottom panel. Since this instrument

does not

that good ventilation be provided.

for 1 to 2 inches clearance around the

bottom panel.

Rack mounting information is provided with the rack mounting kits. instrument as options, they may be ordered through the nearest Hewlett-Packard office. Refer graph

1-13,

2-13. STORAGE

BLOCK

use

If

Mechanical Options,

the ventilation holes in

a cooling fan, it is important

the kits were not ordered with the

in Section

AND

SHIPMENT

Allow

to

1.

para-

Temperature Humidity Altitude

2-1

5.

Packaging

Original Packaging.

cal to those used in factory packaging are available through Hewlett-Packard offices. is

being returned to Hewlett-Packard for servicing, please fill out one of the blue tags located at the end of this manual. Include on the tag the type of service required, return address, model number, and full serial number and attach container “FRAGILE” to assure careful handling. In any correspondence refer to the instrument by model number and full serial number.

Other Packaging.

should be used for re-packaging with commercially available materials:

a.

Wrap the instrument in heavy paper (If shipping to a Hewlett-Packard office center, complete one of the blue tags mentioned above

Use a strong shipping container. A doublewall

b.

carton made of

is

adequate.

Use enough shock-absorbing material

C.

mm layer; 3 to 4 inches) around instrument movement in the container. Protect the front panel with cardboard.

..................

........................

.............

and

attach

to

provide a firm cushion and prevent

15

300

Containers and materials identi-

it

to

the instrument.

The following general instructions

it

to the instrument.)

2.4

MPa

(350

-55°C

<95%

meters

(50

If

the instrument

psi)

test

all

to

+75”C

relative

000

Mark

or

plastic.

or

service

material

(75

to

sides

feet)

the

100

of

2-14. Environment

The instrument should be stored in a clean, dry

environment. The following environmental limitations apply to both storage and shipment:

Seal the shipping container securely.

d.

Mark the shipping container “FRAGILE

e.

sure careful handling.

to

as-

2-5

Model

89033

SIGNAL GROUND SHIELD -CONNECT TO

P/O TWISTED PAIR WITH

P/O

TWISTED PAIR WITH SHOULD BE GROUNDED P/O TWISTED PAIR WITH NEAR TERMINATION

OF

OTHER WIRE

TWISTED PAIR

OF

P/O TWISTED PAIR WITH P/O TWISTED PAIR WITH

P/O TWISTED PAIR WITH

ISOMETRIC THREAD M3.5 24-PIN MICRO-RIBBON

11

10

8

Installation

ATN EARTH

SRQ

9

7

6

IFC NDAC NRFD DAV EO1 Dl0 DIO 3

Dl0

DIO

(SERIES

4

2

1

GROUND

57)

CONNECTOR

logic levels

The Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus logic levels are

0.0

Vdc to

+0.4

Vdc and the false (0) state is 2.5 Vdc to +5 Vdc.

TTL

compatible, that is, the true

(1)

state is

Programming and Output Data Format

Refer to Section 3, “Operation”.

Mating Connector

HP 1251 -0293; Amphenol 57-30240.

Mating Cables Available

HP 10631A, 1 meter (3.3

HP 10631C, 4 meters (13.2

ft),

HP 10631B, 2 meters (6.6

ft),

HP 10631D,

0.5

ft)

meters (1.6

ft)

Cabling Restrictions

1.

A

Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus system may contain no more than 2 meters (6.6

connecting cable per instrument.

2. The maximum accumulative length of connecting cable for any Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus

is

system

20 meters (65.6

ft).

ft)

of

Figure

2-4.

Hewlett-Packard Interface

Bus

Connection

2-6

Model

89033

Operation

Section

OPERATION

3-1.

INTRODUCTION

3-2.

General

This section provides complete operating information for the Distortion Analyzer. Included in this section

are descriptions of all front and rear-panel controls, connectors, and indicators, remote and local opera-

tor’s checks, operating instructions, and operator’s

maintenance.

3-3.

Operating Characteristics

Table characteristics of the Distortion Analvzer. The table is not intended to be an in-depth listing of all operations and ranges but gives

capabilities. Analyzer capabilities, refer to the description in Section

plemental Information.

capabilities, refer to the summary contained in Table

3-3,

3-

1

briefly summarizes the major operating

an

idea of the instrument’s

For

more information on the Distortion

1;

Table

1-1,

Specifications;

For

information on

Message Reference Table.

and Table 1-2,

HP-IB

Sup-

3

In single-ended (FLOAT switch grounded position)

switch in FLOAT position) operation, the input signal voltage is not to exceed

when referenced to ground, on the high INPUT connector (inside conductor of the BNC).

In differential (FLOAT switch position) operation, the peak voltage on

low

the

of

Before the Distortion Analyzer is switched on,

power source, or damage to the instrument

may result.

If the Distortion Analyzer

LINE

the plugged in, follow these instructions.

INPUT connector (outer conductor

the BNC) is not to exceed

it

must

switch

or

differential (FLOAT

in

42V.

be set to the voltage of the

is

already plugged in, set

to

ON.

If the power cable

in

300V

FLOAT

is

not

A

3-4.

Turn-On Procedure

pziz-1

Before the Distortion Analyzer on, all protective earth terminals, extension cords, auto-transformers, and devices connected to it should be connected to a pro-

tective earth socket. Any interruption the protective earth grounding will cause

a potential shock hazard that could result

in personal a common ground exists between the unit under test and the Distortion Analyzer

prior to energizing either For continued protection against fire haz-

ard, replace the line fuse with a delay fuse of the same rating. Do not use

repaired fuses

fuseholders.

To avoid the possibility of hazardous electrical shock, the input signal voltage on the outer connector (referenced to ground), is not to exceed mode.

injury.

In addition, verify that

or

short-circuited

42V

peak

is

switched

unit.

250V

in

the FLOAT

of

time

1.

Check that the line voltage setting matches the power source

2.

Check that the fuse rating is appropriate for the line voltage used (see Figure are given under paragraph

Maintenance.

3.

Plug in the power cable.

4.

Set the

When

front-panel indicators

imately ment is ready to be operated.

3-5.

Local Operation

Information covering front-panel operation of the Distortion Analyzer below. ment, begin with the Simplified Operation and Operator’s Checks. Once familiar with the general operation of the instrument, use the Detailed Operating Instructions for in-depth and complete information on opera-

ting the Distortion Analyzer.

To

(see

Figure

LINE

rapidly learn the operation of the instru-

switch to

the LINE switch

4

seconds after which the instru-

is

2-1).

Fuse Ratings

Operator’s

3-8,

ON.

NOTE

is

set to ON, all

will

light for approx-

given in the sections described

3-

1

Operation

Model 89033

Simplified Operation.

pages under

introduction to front-panel operation of the Distortion Analyzer. It is designed to rapidly orient the novice user with basic procedures and, therefore,

is not an exhaustive listing of all Distortion Analyzer

functions. However, an index to the Detailed Operating Instructions appears in Table 3-2 to guide the

operator to the more complete discussion of the topic

of interest.

Panel Features.

connectors are illustrated and described in Figure 3-1.

This figure describes the functions of the various key groups and summarize briefly how to use them. Rearpanel features are shown in Figure 3-2.

Simplified Operation

Front-panel controls, indicators, and

Detailed Operating Instructions.

ating Instructions provide the complete operating

reference for the Distortion Analyzer user. The in-

structions are organized alphabetically by subtitle. Not only do the instructions contain information on the various measurements that can be made (listed under titles such as AC Level, Distortion, etc.) but there are also individual discussions of nearly all

controls, inputs, and outputs, (for example,

RMS Detector, Monitor, etc.). Also included are in-

structions for using the many User Special Functions

(for example, Hold Settings, Functions, etc.). The Detailed Operating Instructions are indexed by function in Table 3-2.

Each section contains a general description which

covers signal levels, ranges, and other general informa-

tion. Following the description are related procedures,

an operating example, the relevant HP-IB codes, front panel indications, and, where pertinent, a description

of the technique the Distortion Analyzer uses to make

the measurement.

comments intended to guide the user away from

measurement pitfalls and to help get the most out

of

the Distortion Analyzer. Also included are references to other sections which contain related information. The Detailed Operating Instructions are de-

so

signed can rapidly find at one location all the information needed to apply the instrument to the task at hand.

that both casual and sophisticated users

Information on subsequent

provides a quick

The Detailed Oper-

Error

At

the end of each discussion are

Disable, Special

AVG/

basis for applying the Distortion Analyzer to various measurement situations. Basics of Audio Measurements is a general discussion of audio measurements.

It

is

intended to provide an intuitive understanding of audio measurements, rather than an in-depth mathematical analysis.

3-6.

Remote Operation

The Distortion Analyzer is capable of remote operation via the Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus (HP-IB).

Instructions pertinent to HP-IB operation cover all

considerations and instructions specific to remote op-

eration including capabilities, addressing, input and

output formats, the status byte, and service requests.

At

the end of the discussion is a complete summary

of all codes and formats. In addition to the section described above, informa-

tion concerning remote operation appears in several other locations. under paragraph 2-7 in Section of program strings appear throughout the Detailed

Operating Instructions described under Local Opera-

tion above.

3-7.

Operator’s Checks

Operator’s checks are procedures designed to verify the proper operation of the Distortion Analyzer’s main functions. scribed below.

HP-IB

Two

Basic Functional Checks.

an

audio oscillator, oscilloscope, and inter-connecting

It

cables. functions are being properly executed by the Distortion Analyzer.

assumes that most front-panel controlled

HP-IB Functional Checks.

requires an HP-IB compatible computing controller

and an HP-IB interface and connecting cable. The

HP-IB Functional Checks assume that front-panel

operation has been verified (for example, by perform-

ing the Basic Functional Checks). The procedures

check all of the applicable bus messages summarized

in Table 3-3.

Address selection is discussed

2.

Numerous examples

procedures are provided

This procedure requires

This series of procedures

as

de-

Supplemental Information.

mation described above, several other discussions pertinent to the operating of the Distortion Analyzer to its fullest capabilities are contained in Section this manual. Principles of Operation Block Diagram is the Distortion Analyzer is, and how it information supplements the block diagrams given in the Detailed Operating Instructions and provides a

3-2

a

fundamental description

In addition to the infor-

1

of

for

a Simplified

of

what

works.

This

3-8.

Operator’s Maintenance

pG-1

For continued protection against fire haz-

ard, replace the line fuse with a

of

delay fuse use repaired fuses

fuseholders.

the same rating

or

only.

short-circuited

250V

Do

time

not

Model

89033

Operation

The only maintenance the operator should normally

of

perform is the replacement located within the Line Power Module instructions on 2-1 steps

how

to change the fuse, refer to Figure

1

and 3 in Section 2,

the primary power fuse

(A14).

For

Installation.

Fuses may be ordered by looking up the reference

designator ordering the correct part number for 100/120 Vac

F1

in Section

6,

Replaceable Parts,

and

or

for 2201240 Vac operation (both fuses are 250V time delay).

Table

3-1.

Operating Characteristics Summary

Operating Parameter

Input

Limits

~ ~ ~~

Measurements

(including counter frequency measurements except in DC Level)

Frequency: Level:

Impedance:

be selected.

AC LEVEL:

.3000 mV to 300.0V in seven ranges. DC LEVEL 0 to 300 Vdc. Full range display from 4.000V to 300.0V in four ranges. SINAD:

20

Hz

to

=O

to 300V ac or dc.

100

kQ (except DC Level);

=O

to 300 Vac;

50

mV to 300V;

100

NOTE

If

the instrument does not operate properly

and is being returned to Hewlett-Packard

for

service, please complete one

repair tags located at the end of this man-

ual

and

attach it to

to paragraph

2-15

the

instrument. Refer

in Section

2

ing instructions.

CaDa

bilities

kHz

(150

kHz, AC Level)

101

kQ (DC Level); floating input can

20

Hz to

150

kHz. Full range display from

20

Hz to

100

kHz. Display range 0 to 99.99 dB.

of

the blue

for

packag-

Detection

r

Audio

Filters

Manual Operation

DISTN: True rms or average detection.

HP/BP FILTER-Up to

LP FILTER

Average and rrns detection, notch tune, ratio, log/linear, filter selection and measurement selections can be manually controlled.

All

be controlled via the Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus.

50 mV to 300V; 20 Hz to 100 kHt. Display range -99.99 to

two

of

the following HP/BP filters may be installed: HIGH PASS 400 Hz: 400 240 CCllT Weighting: Recommendation P53. CClR Weighting: CClR 468-2, C-MESSAGE: BSTM #41009 FIG A-Weighting: ANSI S1.4, IEC rec 179, DIN 45633 CCIR/ARM Weighting: Dolby Labs

LOW PASS

30 kHz: 30 80 kHz: 80 24 kHz (3 dB cutoff).

Distortion Analyzer operations except the LINE and FLOAT switches can

22

kHz (3 dB cutoff).

Hz

(3 dB cutoff)

DIN

45405

1

0

dB.

3-3

Operation

Model

8903E

2 3

1

17

1.

HP-IB

Annunciators indicate remote operation

status.

2.

LCL

(local) key returns the Distortion Analyzer to

keyboard control from remote (HP-IB) control.

16

4

15

FLOAT

1

required.

LOW

12. frequency noise.

5

67

14

13

switch provides floating input when

PASS

30 kHz and

12

8

80

kHz filters reject high

9

10

11

3.

Frequency Display

frequency units.

4.

MEASUREMENT CYCLE

measurement cycle.

5.

The

two

Numeric Displays

measurement results, error codes, or instrument Special Function status.

6.

Measurement Display

measurement result units.

7.

RATIO

in % or dB relative to a reference.

8.

LOG/LIN

9.

Analyzer to make and display the selected

10.

key causes measurements to be displayed

key causes results to be displayed in loga-

rithmic or linear units.

MEASUREMENT

measurement.

INPUT

couples measurement signal into the instru-

ment.

Annunciators indicate the

Indicator blinks after each

show

the frequency,

Annunciators indicate the

keys command the Distortion

or

13.

RIGHT-MOST OPTIONAL PLUG-IN FILTER

lects the filter that is installed in the right-most filter slot. The C-Message Weighting (bandpass) Filter

053)

(Option

ing to BSTM

14.

LEFT-MOST OPTIONAL PLUG-IN FILTER

the filter that is installed in the left-most filter slot. The CClR Weighting (bandpass) Filter (Option 012)

shown weights receiver testing according Recommendation

15.

NOTCH TUNE

control between Auto Tuned and Hold mode (locking the Notch Filter at its current frequency setting).

16.

MONITOR OUTPUT

scaled voltage output representing the input signal. In SINAD, distortion, and distortion level modes, provides

with fundamental removed. Output impedance is

shown weights receiver testing accord-

41004.

key selects

468-2,

key switches the Notch Filter tune

a

scaled voltage output of the input signal

DIN

45405.

in ac level mode, provides a

6009.

17.

LINE

switch applies power

to

when set

ON.

to

the Distortion Analyzer

key se-

to

CCIR

3-4

Figure

3-1.

Front-Panel Features

Model

SI

Measurement

Filters

89033

M

PLI

F

I

ED OPE RATION

For ac level or distortion measurements, press:

AC

fi

Operation

or

LOW

30

I.1

LOG

PASS

kH2

Corresponding

Fllter

[.I

V

0

LIN

or mV

wno

RATIO

.

I

HP/BP

LP

RATIO and LOG/LIN

RATIO

LOG/LIN

Filter

To

activate any

Filter

To

activate the

To

set the displayed measurement as the ratio reference, press:

To convert from linear to logarithmic (or from logarithmic to linear) measurement units, press:

I

of

the optional plug-in filters, press:

LOW

PASS

Measurement

Mode

AC

LEVEL

30

kHz

filter, press:

1-

I

RATIO

I

on

ofl

LOG

dBm into 600Q dBm into

600Q

o(@>

.

Duringpower

up,

the Distortion Analyzer

I

--

NOTE

I

is

initialized and set to automatic operation.

I

3-5

Operation

Table

3.2 . Detailed Operating Instructions Table

of

Contents (Functional Listing)

Model

89033

Section

Measurements

AC Level Common Mode

DC Level Detector Selection

Distortion Distortion Level (HP-IB

controlled only)

SINAD

Filters

Filters (Low.Pass.

High.Pass. Bandpass) Notch Tune Post-Notch Detector Filtering

Data Manipulation

Display Level in Watts (HP-IB

controlled only)

Hold Decimal Point (HP-I6

controlled only)

Ratio and Log/Linear

Errors

Error Disable Error Message Summary

...........................

......................

...........................

....................

...........................

.....................

..............................

.........................

.....................

........................

...............

...........

.................

..............

Page

3-33 3-36

3-39 3-41

3-43

3-45 3-78

3-51 3-67 3-68

3-42

3-57 3-73

3-47 3-48

Section

Special Functions

Detector Selection Display Level in Watts (HP-IB

controlled only) Error Disable Hold Decimal Point (HP-IB

controlled only) Hold Settings (HP-IB controlled only)

HP-IB Address Input Level Range (DC Level) (HP-IB

controlled only) Input Level Range (Except DC Level)

(HP-IB controlled only) Notch Tune

Post-Notch Detector Filtering

(HP-IB controlled only) Post-Notch Gain (HP-IB controlled only) Read Display to HP-IB (HP-IB

controlled only) Service Request Condition (HP-IB

controlled only) Special Functions (HP-IB

controlled only) Time Between Measurements (HP-IB

controlled only)

HP-IB

HP-IB Address Rapid Frequency Count

Read Display to HP-I6 Service Request Condition

....................

.....................

........................

.....................

.......................

.....................

..............

.........................

..............

.....................

.......................

...............

................

.............

....

.

Page

3-41

3-42 3-47

3-57

3-58

3-59

3-61

3-62 3-67

3-68 3-69

3-75

3-76

3-80

3-86

3-59 3-70

3-75 3-76

Inputs and Outputs

Float

...............................

Monitor

3-6

.............................

3-55 3-64

Miscellaneous

Automatic Operation .................. 3-35

Default Conditions and

Power-Up Sequence

Float

...............................

................

3-40 3-55

Mode1

89033

HP-IB Connector

lyzer

to

the Hewlett-Packard Interface

remote operations. When in remote mode, the

front-panel

connects the Distortion Ana-

REMOTE

annunciator lights.

Bus

for

Fuse.

1.50A (250V, time delay) for 100/120 Vac.

0.75A

(250V, time delay) for 220/240

Operation

Vac.

\

Serial Number Plate.

letter comprise the prefix that denotes the instrument configuration. The last five digits form the suffix that is unique

First

four

numbers and

to

each instrument.

/

Line Power Module

100,

120, 220, in window indicates nominal tine voltage which instrument must be connected (see Fig-

ure 2-1). Center conductor is safety earth ground.

permits operation

or

240

Vac. The number visible

from

to

Figure

3-2.

Rear Panel Features

1

3-7

Operation

3-9

OPERATOR’S CHECKS

Model 89033

OPERATOR’S CHECKS

3-10.

DESCRIPTION

Basic Functional

Using only an oscilloscope and an audio oscillator, the overall operation

Checks

Analyzer is verified.

OSClLLOSCOPE

In

II

I I

U

00

I

VERTICAL

0

INPUT

Figure

EQUIPMENT Audio Oscillator

.......................................

Check

OFF,

and then back

PROCEDURE:

Oscilloscope

Preliminary

1.

Remove any cables

to

display segments and decimal points, and key lights turn on. All LEDs should light

for approximately three seconds.

8903E

STORT

ION

ANAL

onno

0

€%?on

Functional Checks Setup

3-3.

D

I

Basic

........................

from

the Distortion Analyzer’s INPUT. Set the LINE switch

to

ON and note

.YZER

~

~~

INPUT

I

0

IO

-

HP339A or HP 8903B

that

the front-panel LED annunciators,

OUTPUT

HP1740A

AUDIO

OSC

of

the Distortion

I

LLATOR

2.

After the turn-on sequence, the left display should show

0.000

kHz

and the right display should show a low flickering value in mV. In addition, the measurement cycle annunciator in the upper left-hand corner of the right display should be blinking and the AC

3.

Connect the audio oscillator output

LEVEL

a BNC-to-BNC cable. Set the FLOAT switch

4.

Connect the oscilloscope

5.

Set the audio oscillator frequency of the audio oscillator, show the amplitude should show a

6.

Press the RATIO key. The RATIO light should light. The right display should show

1

kHz

and LOW

to

of

the audio oscillator, at approximately

(1

ms period) sine wave

PASS

80

kHz keys should light.

to

the INPUT of the Distortion Analyzer with

to

the ground position. See Figure

the MONITOR output. See Figure

1

Vrms

at 1 kHz. The left display should show the

at

approximately 1 kHz. The right display should

of

approximately 7 Vpp.

3-3.

1V.

The oscilloscope

100%.

NOTE

In this and the following

steps,

the displays

may

vary

a few least-significant

digits.

Press the AVG/RMS key. The AVG/RMS key should light. The right display should

7.

remain at approximately 100%.

3-3.

Model

89033

Operation

OPERATOR’S

8.

Press the AVG/RMS key. The AVG/RMS key should light. Set the FLOAT switch

CHECKS

to FLOAT. The right display should remain at approximately 100%.

9.

Set the FLOAT switch back to ground. Press the LOG/LIN key. The right display should show

Filter

Check

10.

Adjust the frequency (but not the level) of the audio oscillator kHz) until the right display reads and

88

11.

Press the LOW

kHz.

0.00

dB.

PASS

-3

dB.

The left display should show between

30 kHz key. The LOW

PASS

(to

approximately

30 kHz key light should light. Adjust the frequency (but not the level) of the audio oscillator (to approximately 30 kHz) until the right display reads -3

dB.

The left display should show between

and 34 kHz.

12.

Press the LOW 100 kHz. The right display should show between

13.

If the instrument has option 010 400

Hz

HIGH PASS key light should light. Adjust the frequency of the audio

oscillator (to approximately 400

PASS

30 kHz key again to turn it off. Set the audio oscillator to

-1

and

1

dB.

or

050

installed, press 400

Hz)

until the right display reads -3

Hz

HIGH

dB.

display should show between 360 and 440Hz.

PASS.

The left

80

72

26

The

14.

Press the filter key listed in the following table for the filter option installed in the instrument. The respective key light should light.

For

each filter, set the audio oscillator frequency as shown in the following tables. Verify that the level ratio in the right display is within the limits shown for each frequency.

Oscillator Frequency

300

800

3

000

3

500

5

000

Oscillator Frequency

(Hz)

Ratio limits (dB)

-12.1

to

-9.1

-0.4

to

+0.4

-7.1

to

-4.1

-11.5

to

-5.5

-40.0

to

-32.0

Ratio Limits (dB)

1

200

6

300

7 100

10

000

20

000

31.5

-31.4

-14.5

+12.0

+11.7

+7.5

-23.7

to

-28.4

-13.1 +12.4

+12.3

+8.7

-20.7

3-9

Operation

Model 89033

OPERATOR’S

CHECKS

Table for C-Message Weighting Filter (Option

Oscillator Frequency

100 500

1

000

3

000

5

000

Table for

CCIRIARM

Oscillator Frequency

31.5

200

6 300

7

100

10

000

20

000

Oscillator Frequency

(Hz)

Ratio limits

-44.0

to

-9.0

to

-0.2

to

-4.0

to

-30.0

to

Weighting Filter (Option

(Hz)

Ratio Limits

-37.0

to

-20.1

to

+6.4

to

+6.1

to

11.9

to

-29.3

to

Ratio Limits

013

(dB)

-41.0

-6.0 +0.2

-1.0

-27.0

014

(dB)

-34.0

-18.7 1-6.8

+6.7

+3.1

-26.3

(dB)

or

053)

054)

-30.9

to

to to

to

-29.5

-10.3 +0.2 +1.9

-1.8

-7.8

1

2

10

20

50

200

000 000

000

-11.7

-0.2 +0.5

-3.2

-10.8

Distortion Check

Set all filters

15.

on

the Distortion Analyzer off. Press the

LOW

PASS 80 kHz key.

Press the DISTN key. The DISTN key light should light.

1

Set the audio oscillator frequency to

16. or

less.

SINAD

17.

18.

19.

Check

Press the S (Shift) SINAD keys. The SINAD key light should light. The right display should show 80

dB

or

more. Press the Notch Tune key. The NOTCH TUNE Set the audio oscillator frequency to 890 Hz. The right display should show between

12

and 19

dB.

kHz. The right display should show 0.01%

KEY

light should light.

3-10

DC Level

20.

Check

Press the S (Shift) and DC LEVEL keys. The DC Level light should light. The right display should show between -10 and 10mV. (With an ac voltage applied to

the input, the reading will not be steady.)

Model 89033

3-1

1.

HP-I6

Operation

OPERATOR’S CHECKS

Functional Checks

DESCRIPTION:

The following ten procedures check the Distortion Analyzer’s ability to process all

of

the applicable HP-IB messages described in Table Analyzer’s ability to recognize its HP-IB address is checked and all of the bus handshake, and control lines except D108 (the most significant

are

used by the Distortion Analyzer) procedures do not check whether properly interpreted and executed by the instrument, however, if the front-panel operation is good, the program codes, in all likelihood will be correctly implemented.

The validity

The Distortion Analyzer performs properly when operated via the front-panel keys (that is, in local mode). This can be verified with the Basic Functional Checks.

The bus controller properly executes HP-IB operations.

The bus controller’s HP-IB interface properly executes the HP-IB operations.

If the Distortion Analyzer appears to fail any above assumptions should be confirmed before attempting to service the instrument.

The select code of the controller’s HP-IB interface the Distortion Analyzer is assumed code-address combination (that is, 728) is not necessary for these checks to be However, the program lines presented here would have to be modified combination.

of

these checks

is

based on the following assumptions:

set to both their true and false

or

not

all

Distortion Analyzer program codes are being

of

these HP-IB checks, the validity of the

to

be

28

(its

address

3-3.

In addition, the Distortion

is

assumed to be

as

set

at

data

line which

7.

The address

the factory). This select

for

states.

any other

or

send

data,

is These

valid.

not

of

These checks are intended to be as independent of each other as possible. Nevertheless, the first four checks should be performed in order before other checks are selected. Any special initialization

INITIAL SETUP:

EQUIPMENT:

The test setup bus controller via the HP-IB interface. Do not connect any equipment Analyzer’s INPUT.

HP-IB Controller

Address Recognition

NOTE

This check determines whether addressed and when it is not. This check assumes only that the Distortion Analyzer can properly handshake on the bus. Before beginning this check, set the Distortion Analyzer’s

LINE switch to OFF, then

-or-

is

the same

. . . . . .

or

requirements for a check are described at its beginning.

for

all

of

the checks. Connect the Distortion Analyzer to the

to

HP 9825A/98213A (General and Extended HP 85B option HP 9000 Model 226

or

not the Distortion Analyzer recognizes when it is being

to

ON.

007

or

any HP 9000 series 200 Computer

1/0

the Distortion

ROM)

3-11

Operation

Model 89033

OPERATOR’S CHECKS

Description

Set the Remote Enable

(REN)

line false. Send the Distortion Analyzer’s listen address.

OPERATORS

Check that the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE annunciator is off and that

RESPONSE DRESSED annunciator is on.

Unaddress the Distortion Analyzer ing a different address.

OPERATOR’S

Check that both the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE and ADDRESSED annunciators

RESPONSE are off.

Remote and Local Messages and the LCL

NOTE

This check determines whether the Distortion Analyzer properly switches from local to remote control, instrument

from

remote to local control, and whether the LCL key returns the

to

local control. This check assumes that the Distortion Analyzer both handshake and recognize Distortion Analyzer’s LINE switch to

bus

Key

its

control

HPL

IC1

wrt

7

728

BASIC

LOCAL

OUTPUT

7

728

its

by

send-

wrt

729

OUTPUT

729

is

able

own address. Before beginning this check, set the

OFF,

then

to

ON.

AD-

to

Send the Remote message mote Enable,

REN,

Distortion Analyzer to listen).

OPERATOR’S

Check that both the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE and ADDRESSED annunciators

RESPONSE are on.

Send the Local message to

Analyzer.

OPERATORS

Check that the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE annunciator is off but its ADDRESSED

RESPONSE annunciator is on.

Send the Remote message

Analyzer.

OPERATOR’S RESPONSE

Check that both the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE and ADDRESSED annunciators are on. Press the LCL key on the Distortion Analyzer. Check that the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE annunciator is now off, but that its ADDRESSED annunciator remains on.

~ ~~

(by

setting Re-

true and addressing the

the

Distortion

to

the Distortion

rem

Id

rem

728

REMOTE

LOCAL

REMOTE

728

3-12

Model 89033

Operation

Sending the Data Message

NOTE

This check determines whether messages when addressed to talk. This check assumes that the Distortion Analyzer able to handshake and recognize its own address. Before beginning this check, set the Distortion Analyzer’s LINE switch is complete, press the DISTN key.

Address the Distortion Analyzer to store its output data in variable

E96

since there is no signal at its INPUT.)

OPERATOR’S RESPONSE

put is

Display the value

Check that the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE annunciator DRESSED annunciator is on. The controller’s display should read 9009600000.00 (HPL) or

9009600000 (BASIC).

Receiving the Data Message

OPERATOR’S

Description

of

V.

CHECKS

or

not the Distortion Analyzer properly issues Data

to

OFF,

then to ON, then after the power-up sequence

talk

V.

(The out-

and

HPL

red 728,V ENTER 728;V

dsp

V

is

BASIC

PRINT

off but that

V

its

is

AD-

NOTE

This check determines whether

or

not the Distortion Analyzer properly receives Data messages. The Data messages sent also cause the be placed in both their true and false states. This check assumes the Distortion Analyzer is

able to handshake, recognize

its

own

transitions. Before beginning this check, set the Distortion Analyzer’s LINE switch

OFF,

then to

ON.

Description

OPERATOR’S

RESPONSE

Send the first part (enabling the Distortion Analyzer to remote).

Address the Distortion Analyzer to listen (completing the Remote message), then

a

send Distortion measurement).

Data message (selecting the

Check that both the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE and ADDRESSED annunciators are on. Check also that

of

the Remote message

its

Distortion key light

Local Lockout and Clear Lockout/Set Local Messages

NOTE

This check determines whether

or

not the Distortion Analyzer properly receives the Local Lockout message, disabling all front-panel keys. The check also determines whether not the Clear Lockout/Set Local message is properly received and executed by the Distortion Analyzer. This check assumes that the Distortion Analyzer is able to handshake, recognize its own address, and properly make the remote/local transitions. Before beginning this check, set the Distortion Analyzer’s LINE switch to

7

least significant HP-IB

data

lines to

address and properly make the remote/local

to

HPL

rem 7 REMOTE 7

wrt

728,“M3 OUTPUT 728;“M3”

is

on.

BASIC

or

OFF,

then to ON.

3-

13

Operation

Model

89033

OPERATOR’S RESPONSE

Clear

Message

Send the

first

OPERATOR’S

Description

part

of

the Remote message

CHECKS

HPL

rem

BASIC

7

REMOTE

7

(enabling the Distortion Analyzer to remote).

Send the Local Lockout message.

Address the Distortion Analyzer to listen

I10

wrt

7

728

LOCAL

OUTPUT

LOCKOUT

728

7

(completing the Remote message).

Check that both the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE and ADDRESSED annunciators

its

are on. Press the Distortion Analyzer’s LCL key. Both

REMOTE and ADDRESSED

annunciators should remain on.

Send the Clear Lockout/Set Local message.

Check that the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE annunciator

IC1

7

LOCAL

is

off

but its ADDRESSED

7

annunciator is on.

7

NOTE

OPERATOR’S RESPONSE

This check determines whether Clear message. This check assumes that the Distortion Analyzer is able

its

recognize

own address, make the remote/local changes and receive Data messages.

Before beginning this check set the Distortion Analyzer’s LINE switch to

or

not the Distortion Analyzer properly responds

to

handshake,

OFF,

then to

to

the

ON.

Description

Send the first part (enabling the Distortion Analyzer

of

the Remote message

to

remote).

Address the Distortion Analyzer to listen

rem

wrt

728,”M3

HPL

7

BASIC

REMOTE

7

OUTPUT 728;”M3” (completing the Remote message), then send a Data message that selects the Distortion measurement.

Check that both the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE and ADDRESSED annunciators are on and that the Distortion key light is also on.

Send

the

Clear message (setting the

Distortion Analyzer’s measurement to

AC

clr 728 RESET 728

LEVEL).

OPERATORS RESPONSE

3-14

Check that both the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE and ADDRESSED annunciators are on and that the AC LEVEL key light is on.

~

Model 89033

Operation

~~~~ ~

Abort

NOTE

Message

This check determines whether or not the Distortion Analyzer becomes unaddressed when

it

receives the Abort message. This check assumes that the Distortion Analyzer to handshake, recognize its own address, make the remote/local changes, and enter serial poll mode. Before beginning this check, set the Distortion Analyzer’s LINE switch to

OFF,

Send

Analyzer.

OPERATORS RESPONSE are on.

Check that both the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE and ADDRESSED annunciators

Send

Distortion Analyzer to listen.

OPERATOR’S CHECKS

then to ON.

Description

the Remote message to

the

Abort message, unaddressing

the

Distortion

the

HPL

rem

cli

728

7

BASIC

REMOTE

ABORT10

728

7

is

able

OPERATORS RESPONSE

Check that the Distortion Analyzer’s ADDRESSED annunciator BASIC “ABORTIO” statement sends both the Abort message and the Local message.

if

HPL

is

Thus remain on.

being used, the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE annunciator should

If

BASIC

is

being used, the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE annunciator

should turn off.

Send

the

OPERATOR’S

Local message

Address

store

the

its

output data

Distortion Analyzer

Check that the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE annunciator is off but that its AD-

in

variable

(HPL

RESPONSE DRESSED annunciator is on.

Send

the Abort message, unaddressing

Distortion Analyzer to talk.

OPERATOR’S

Check that both the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE

RESPONSE off.

only).

to

talk and

V.

the

red

IC1

728.V

cli

is

off. Note that the

7

(The Local message was

sent

with

already

ABORT10

7

the

statement

above.)

ENTER

7

an

ADDRESSED annunciators are

728:V.

ABORT10

7

3-15

Operation

a

OPERATOR’S CHECKS

Send

the

serial poll-enable bus command

(SPE) through the interface to place the

Distortion Analyzer in serial-poll mode.

wti 0,7; wti 6,24

Model 89033

SENDBUS 728; 1,24

OPERATOR’S RESPONSE

OPERATORS RESPONSE

Status

NOTE

Byte

Send Special Function 61.3

On the Distortion Analyzer, the right display should show Analyzer

Send the Abort message, removing the

Distortion Analyzer from serial-poll mode.

Check that the Distortion Analyzer’s right display shows Analyzer properly left serial-poll mode upon receiving the Abort message.

is

in serial-poll mode (indicated by the

wrt

728,”61.3SP” OUTPUT 728; “61.3SP

1.0.

This indicates the Distortion

“1”).

cli 7 ABORT10 7

0.0.

This indicates the Distortion

Message

This check determines whether or not the Distortion Analyzer sends the Status Byte message in both the local and remote modes. This check assumes that the Distortion Analyzer is able changes. Before beginning this check, set the Distortion Analyzer’s LINE switch to then to ON.

Place the Distortion Analyzer in serial-poll mode and address it to talk (causing it to send the Status Byte message).

to

handshake, recognize its own address, and make the remote/local

Description

HPL

rds (728)

-

V

BASIC

STATUS 728;V

OFF,

OPERATORS RESPONSE

Display the value of V.

Check that Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE annunciator

of

vintage

annunciator may be either on

0

(BASIC).

Send the Remote message.

Place the Distortion Analyzer in serial-poll mode and address it to talk (causing it to send the Status Byte message).

Display

the HP-IB interface (HPL) used, the Distortion Analyzer’s ADDRESSED

or

off. The controller’s display should read

the

value of V.

dsp V PRINT

rem 728 REMOTE 728

rds (728)

-

dsp V PRINT V

is

off. Depending upon the

0.00

V

STATUS 728;V

V

(HPL)

or

1

3-16

Model 89033

Operation

a

OPERATOR’S

Require Service Message

NOTE This check determines whether

Service message (set the SRQ bus control line true). This check assumes that the Distortion Analyzer

is

able to handshake, recognize

and receive Data messages. Before beginning this check, set the Distortion Analyzer’s

OFF,

LINE switch to

then to ON, then after the power-up sequence is complete, press

the DISTN key.

Description

Send

the

first

part of the Remote message

(enabling

Address

(completing

the

Distortion Analyzer to remote).

the Distortion Analyzer to listen

the

Remote message) then a Data message (enabling a Require Service message to

be

sent upon Instrument Error).

Make the controller wait 2 seconds to allow

time

for

the

Distortion Analyzer to send the

Require

necessary

Service message.

if

sufficient time

(This

is

allowed.)

CHECKS

or

not the Distortion Analyzer can issue the Require

its

own address, make the remote/local changes,

step

is

send

not

HPL

rem

wrt

728.”22.4SP

wait

7

OUTPUT

2000

BASIC

REMOTE

728;“22.4SP

WAIT

2000

7

Read the binary status of the controller’s HP-IB interface and store the data

ble V

(in

this

step,

7

is

the interface’s select

code).

OPERATORS

RESPONSE

Display

step,

Check that the SRQ value Service message.

7

the

is

value of the

the SRQ

SRQ

bit,

numbered from

Trigger Message and Clear Key Triggering

NOTE

This check determines whether message and whether the CLEAR key serves as a manual trigger in remote. This check assumes that the Distortion Analyzer is able to handshake, recognize its own address, make the remote/local changes, and send and receive Data messages. Before beginning this check, set the Distortion Analyzer’s LINE switch to the power-up sequence is complete, press the DISTN key.

rds

(7) - V

in

varia-

bit

(in

this

0).

is

1,

indicating the Distortion Analyzer issued the Require

or

not the Distortion Analyzer responds to the Trigger

dsp“SRQ=”,

(7 7V)

bit

OFF,

STATUS

PRINT “SRQ=”;BIT

then to ON, then, when

7; V

(V,7)

3-17

Operation

a

Model 89033

OPERATORS RESPONSE

OPERATOR’S

Description

Send the

(enabling the Distortion Analyzer to remote).

Address the Distortion Analyzer to listen (completing the Remote message), then send a Data message (placing the Distortion Analyzer

Send the Trigger message.

Address the Distortion Analyzer to talk and

store the data

Display the value

Check that both the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE and ADDRESSED annunciators

are on. The controller’s display should read 9009600000.00 (HPL)

first

part

in

Hold mode).

in

variable

of

the Remote message

V.

of

V.

CHECKS

wrt

red

HPL

rem

728,

trg

dsp

7

728

728,

V

“Tl”

V

~~~

REMOTE

OUTPUT

TRIGGER

ENTER

PRINT

or

9009600000 (BASIC).

728;

728

728;V

V

7

“Tl”

OPERATOR’S RESPONSE

Address the Distortion Analyzer to talk and

I

store the data

Check that the controller’s “run” indicator is still on indicating that it has not received data from the Distortion Analyzer. Press the Distortion Analyzer’s keys (instrument clear). The controller’s “run” indicator should turn off.

in

variable

V.

red

728,V

I

~ ENTER~~~:V-~

S

(Shift) AVG/RMS

3-18

Model 89033

Operation

3-12. REMOTE OPERATION, HEWLETT-

PACKARD INTERFACE

The Distortion Analyzer can be operated through the Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus (HP-IB). Bus compatibility, programming, and data formats are described in the following paragraphs.

Except for the LINE switch, the low terminal ground/ FLOAT switch, and the Controller Reset Service Special Function, all Distortion Analyzer operations (including service related functions)

programmable via HP-IB. In addition, rapid

frequency count capabilities (not available from the front-panel) are provided in remote operation. the Special Functions and the distortion level measurement mode are available only through HP-IB control.

A

quick test of the HP-IB

HP-IB Functional Checks. These checks verify that the Distortion Analyzer can respond of the applicable bus messages described in Table 3-3.

For more information about HP-IB, refer to IEEE

488,

Standard

Packard Electronic Systems and Instruments catalog,

and the booklet, “Improving Measurements in Engi-

neering and Manufacturing” (HP part number

5952-0058).

ANSI Standard MC1.1, the Hewlett-

BUS

1/0

is described under

to

or

are fully

All

send each

3-13. HP-IB Compatibility

The Distortion Analyzer’s complete bus compatibility

(as defined by IEEE Standard ANSI Standard MC1.l) is described at the end of Table 3-3. Table 3-3 also summarizes the Distortion Analyzer’s HP-IB capabilities in terms bus messages in the left-hand column.

488,

and the identical

of

the twelve

3-14. Remote Mode Remote Capability.

Analyzer’s front-panel controls are disabled (exceptions are the LCL key and the Clear Key Function,

S

(Shift) AVG/RMS). However, front-panel displays and the signal at various outputs remain active and valid. In remote, the Distortion Analyzer may be addressed to talk the Distortion Analyzer will respond to the Data, Trigger, Clear (SDC), and Local messages. When addressed to talk, the Distortion Analyzer can issue the Data and Status Byte messages. Whether addressed

or

not, the Distortion Analyzer will respond

Clear (DCL), Local Lockout, Clear Lockout/Set

In remote, most of the Distortion

or

listen. When addressed to listen,

to

the

Local, and Abort messages, and in addition, the Distortion Analyzer may issue the Require Service message. Local-to-Remote Mode Changes. The Distortion Analyzer switches to remote operation

of

upon receipt message has two parts. They are:

Remote enable bus control line (REN) set true Device listen address received once (while REN is

true)

When the Distortion Analyzer switches to remote,

both the REMOTE and ADDRESSED annunciators

its

on

3-15.

front panel will turn on.

Local

Local Capability.

front-panel controls are fully operational and the instrument will respond to the Whether addressed Clear, Local Lockout, Clear Lockout/Set Local, and the Abort messages. When addressed to talk, the instrument can issue Data messages and the Status

Byte

message, and whether addressed or not,

issue the Require Service message.

Remote-to-Local Mode Changes.

Analyzer always switches to local from remote when-

it

ever

Lockout/Set Local message. (The Clear Lockout/Set Local message sets the Remote Enable control line

[REN] false.) If Distortion Analyzer switches whenever its front panel LCL key

receives the Local message (GTL)

the Remote message. The Remote

Mode

In local, the Distortion Analyzer’s

Remote message.

or

not,

it

will also respond to the

The Distortion

or

the Clear

it

is

not in Local Lockout mode, the

to

local from remote

is

pressed.

it

can

3-16. Addressing

The Distortion Analyzer interprets the byte on the

data

bus’ eight

if the

bus line (ATN) true and interface clear control line (IFC) false. Whenever the Distortion Analyzer is being addressed (whether in local DRESSED annunciator on the front-panel will turn

on. The Distortion Analyzer talk and listen addresses are

switch selectable as described under paragraph

in Section listing of all valid HP-IB address codes. the present address setting, refer to the discussion titled HP-IB Address in the Detailed Operating In-

structions near the end of this section.

lines as an address

is

in

the command mode: attention control

2.

Refer to Table

or

a bus command

or

remote), the AD-

2-1

for a comprehensive

To

determine

2-7

3-19

Operation

ipplicable

Table

3-3.

Message Reference Table

Response

(1

of

2)

Model

and

Controls

89033

Interface

Functions'

Yes

All

Distortion Analyzer operations except the LINE and FLOAT switch functions are bus-programmable. All measurement results, special displays, and error outputs except the

If

in remote and addressed to listen, the Distortion Analyzer makes a settled measurement according to previously programmed setup. It responds equally to bus command GET and program code T3, Trigger with Settling (a Data message).

Sets MEASUREMENT to AC LEVEL with the FILTER on, and sets the trigger mode to free run. Resets many additional parameters as shown in Table Status Byte, and Local Lockout. Sets the Service Request Condition to

the

22.2

and Selected Device Clear (SDC) bus commands. Remote mode is enabled when the REN bus control line is

true. However, remote mode is not entered until the first time the Distortion Analyzer is addressed to listen. The front-panel REMOTE annunciator lights when the instrument

is actually in the remote mode. When entering remote mode, no instrument settings or functions are changed, but

all front-panel keys except LCL are disabled, and entries in

progress are cleared.

'I-

- -

-"

display are available to the bus.

80

kHz LP

3-5. Clears

RQS

bit, Require Service message (if issued)

state. Responds equally to Device Clear (DCL)

~~~ ~~

GET

DCL

SDC

REN

AH

1

SH

1

T5, TEO

L3, LEO

DT1

DC1

RL1

Yes The Distortion Analyzer returns to local mode (front-panel

control). Responds equally to the GTL bus command and the front-panel LCL key. When entering local mode, no in-

strument settings or functions are changed but entries in progress are cleared. In local, triggering is free run only.

Yes Disables all front-panel keys including LCL. Only the con-

troller can return the Distortion Analyzer to local (front-

panel control).

Clear Lockout/

Set Local

Pass Control/

Take Control

Require Service

*Commands, Control lines, and Interface Functions are defined in

necessary column.

Yes

No

Yes

if

your controller's manual describes programming in terms of

The Distortion Analyzer returns to local (front-panel control)

and local lockout is cleared when the REN bus control line

goes false. When entering local mode, no instrument settings or functions are changed, but entries in progress are cleared. In local, triggering is free run only.

The Distortion Analyzer has no control capability.

The Distortion Analyzer sets the

if an invalid program code is received. The Distortion

Analyzer will also set

so,

to do

strument error occurs.

when measurement data is ready or when an in-

SRQ

bus control line true

true, if enabled by the operator

IEEE

Std.

488.

Knowledge

the

twelve

HP-IB Messages shown in

GTL RL1

LLO RL1

REN RL1

SRQ

of

these

might not

the

co

SR1

be

left

3-20

Model

89033

Table

3-3.

Message Reference Table

Response

(2

Operation

of

2)

and

Controls

Interface

Functions*

Status Byte

c-c

I

Status

Abort

Bit

t

'Commands, Control lines, and Interface Functions are defined in IEEE Std.

necessary if your controller's manual describes programming in terms of the twelve column.

Complete

SR1,

Local Lockout.

rupted, which can happen by returning the Distortion Analyzer to local mode by pressing the LCL key, the data could be lost. This would leave the Distortion Analyzer in an unknown state. To prevent this, a local lockout is recommended. Local lockout disables the LCL key (and the Clear Key Function, AVG/RMS) and allows return-to-local only under program control.

3-17.

The Distortion Analyzer communicates on the inter-

bus

face consist of one bus lines, when the bus

HP-IB

RL1,

PPO,

Return-to-local can also be accomplished

by

turning the Distortion Analyzer's switch to this technique has several disadvantages:

It defeats the purpose and advantages of local lockout (that ler will lose control of a system element).

There are several reset to default states at turn-on.

Data Messages

primarily with data messages. Data messages

Yes

I

Yes

I I

capability

DC1, DT1,

When a data transmission is inter-

OFF,

then back to

or

more bytes sent over the 8 data

The Distortion Analyzer responds to a Serial

(SPE)

bus

command

dressed to talk.

line

true

trol

(RQS

bit)

condition causing the Require Service message to be

sued

will

latched

1)

removing the causing condition, and

2)

reading the Status Byte. The Distortion Analyzer does not respond The Distortion Analyzer stops talking and listening.

as

defined

CO,

El.

(issuing

in

the Status Byte and

both

but

can be cleared

~~~ ~

in

IEEE

NOTE

by

sending an 8-bit byte

If

the instrument

the Require Service message) bit

be

true. The

Std.

488

S

(Shift)

is

the

bits

in

the

by:

and ANSI

control line [ATN] false). Unless Only, the Distortion Analyzer receives data messages when addressed Only, the Distortion Analyzer sends data messages or

the Status Byte message (if enabled) when addressed available in local mode may be performed in remote mode via changing the LINE switch and the FLOAT switch. In addition, the Distortion Analyzer may be triggered via data messages lar time.

LINE

ON.

However,

is,

the system control-

HP-IB

is

in the data mode (attention

conditions that

3-18.

Depending on how the internal address switches are set, the Distortion Analyzer can either talk only, talk status only, listen only, operation). The instrument responds to Data messages when true) and

Only. mains addressed to listen until message command is sent by the controller.

Listen Only.

is set to

Poll

Enable

when

ad-

holding the

bit

representing the

Status

Std.

to

Receiving the

If

not set to Listen Only, the instrument re-

or

"l",

SRQ

con-

7

is-

Byte

are

to

a parallel poll.

488.

Knowledge of these might not be

HP-IB

Messages shown in the left

MC1.1

talk. Virtually all instrument operations

data

is:

SH1,

to

listen. Unless

messages. The only exceptions are

to

make measurements at a particu-

Data

or

talk and listen both (normal

it

is enabled to remote (REN control line

it

is addressed to listen

until

its

talk address

If

the internal LON (Listen Only) switch

the Distortion Analyzer is placed in the

SPE

SPD

~~

I

FC

AH1, T5,

it

Message

it

or

a universal unlisten

it

receives an Abort

T5,

L3,

TEO,

L3, LEO,

is

set

is

set to Listen

or

set to Listen

TEO

PPO

TEO

LEO

to

Talk

3-21

Operation

Model 89033

Listen Only mode when the remote enable bus control line (REN) is set true. The instrument then responds

to all Data messages, and the Trigger, Clear, and

it

Local Lockout messages. However, responding to the Local responding to a serial poll with the Status Byte

message.

Listen Only mode is provided to allow the Distortion Analyzer to accept programming from devices other than controllers (for example, card readers).

Data

Input

program string, consists of a series of ASCII codes. Each code is typically equivalent to a front-panel keystroke in local mode. Thus, for a given operation, the program string syntax in remote mode same as the keystroke sequence in local mode. Example 1 shows the general case programming order for selecting Distortion Analyzer functions. Specific program order considerations are discussed in following paragraphs under “Program Order Considerations”. All functions can be programmed together

as

a continuous string as typified in Example

string in Example

(with Automatic Operation), selects a distortion measurement with 30 kHz low-pass filtering and log

units, then triggers a settled measurement.

Program

controlling Distortion Analyzer functions are summarized in Table 3-6. All front-panel keys except the LCL key have corresponding program codes.

Table 3-4 shows the Distortion Analyzer’s response to various ASCII characters not used in The characters in the upper table will be ignored

Format.

Codes.

or

Abort messages and from

The Data message string,

2

clears most Special Functions

All

of

the valid HP-IB codes

is inhibited from

or

is

the

2.

The

for

its

code set.

unless they appear between two characters of a

program code. The characters in the lower table,

received by the Distortion Analyzer, will always cause

24

Error

a Require Service message to be generated. The controller recognizes the invalid code entry and clears the Require Service condition. Thereafter, the invalid

code entry is ignored, and subsequent valid entries are processed in normal fashion. As a convenience, all lower case alpha characters are treated as upper case.

In addition to the ignored codes given in Table 3-4, codes used in the HP 8903A and 8903B Audio Analyzers but not common to the Distortion Analyzer are ignored. (They do not generate an error message.)

For

the audio analyzer’s source

I

tExcept when inserted between two characters

(invalid HP-IB code)

example, the output code

Table

3-4.

Distortion Analyzer Response

to

@

B

E

G

program code.

Unused

Generate Error

I

J

Q

Y

ASCII

lgnoredt

Z

[.

\

1

to

”APlVL”,

to

lV,

Codes

24

be displayed and

which sets

will be ignored.

A

-

I

1

-

DEL

of

a

if

EXAMPLE

Controller Talk

Audio Analyzer Listen

1:

General Program Syntax and Protocol*

{

[Automatic Operation] [Measurement] [Filters] [Special Functions] [Log/Lin] [Ratio] [Trigger]

‘Excluding Rapid Frequency

EXAMPLE

Controller Talk Audio Analyzer Listen

3-22

2:

Typical Program String

Automatic Operation

1

Count

Distortion

Mode

AUMSLl

2

rTL_

30

kHz Low-Pass Filter

LGT3

-Trigger With Settling Log

Model 89033

Operation

Turning

the High-Pass/Bandpass (optional plug-in filters) and Low-Pass Filters and the Notch Tune, the AVG/ RMS, and Ratio functions toggle successive keystrokes. In remote mode, these func-

tions do not toggle on and off. Instead, each of the above groups has a specific code which turns off all the keys in the group. The HP-IB codes for turning off these functions are given in the table below.

I

Average

HP/BP

LP

NOTCH

RATIO

Programming Numeric Data.

references to the Distortion Analyzer, certain precautions should be observed. Numeric data may be entered in fixed, floating point, mats. Usually, numeric data consists of tissa of up to five digits (including leading zeros),

one decimal point, and onenent. The decimal point may fall between any two

digits of the mantissa but should not appear ahead of the fiist digit. automatically inserted by the Distortion Analyzer. Any digit beyond the five allowed for the mantissa will be received as zero. The general format for numeric data entry

examples illustrating various entries and the resulting data as received by the Distortion Analyzer.

off

Functions.

Function

off

(returns

FILTERS

FILTERS all

HOLD

off

When operating in local mode

on

and off with

I

HP-IB

to

RMS

mode)

all

off

When entering ratio

or

exponential for-

a

signed man-

or

two-digit signed expo-

If

it

does, a leading zero will be

is

given below, followed by several

Code

General Numeric Data Input Format:

+DDDDDE+NN

TTTT

5-Digit SignedA

Mantissa

Indicates Exponent

Example: + .12345E+01 issued Example: 0.123403+01 received by

Example: +1234563+01 issued

Example: +12345OE+Ol received by

Example: +00012345 issued

Example: 12000 received by

In general,

significant digits than can be displayed on the Distortion Analyzer’s five-digit left display.

Follows

Distortion Analyzer

do

not issue numeric

LExponent Magnitude

IIL

Distortion Analyzer

Exponent Sign

data

with more

Triggering Measurements with the Data Message.

A

feature that ming is the selection of free run, standby, operation of the Distortion Analyzer. During local operation the Distortion Analyzer run, outputting data to the display as each measurement tional operating modes are allowed: Hold, Trigger Immediate, and Trigger with Settling. In addition,

the Clear Key Function can act as a manual trigger

while the instrument is in remote. The trigger modes

I

and use of the Clear Key Function are described below.

Free

Run

operation and

no other trigger mode has been selected. The

measurement result data available to the bus are constantly being updated as rapidly as the Distortion Analyzer can make measurements. message Distortion Analyzer to the Free Run mode.

Hold

(Tl).

measurements (initiated by program codes T2 the Trigger message, plained below). In Hold mode, internal settings can be altered by the instrument itself the bus. Thus, the signal at the MONITOR output

can change. However, the instrument from outputting any data and display, instrument will issue the Require Service message if an HP-IB code error occurs. The instrument will issue the Status serial poll, however, will trigger a new measurement, update displays, and return the instrument to Hold.)

Upon leaving Hold, the front-panel indications are updated Status message issued) by the events that occur during the new measurement cycle. The Distortion Analyzer leaves Hold when Trigger Immediate, Trigger with Settling codes, the Trigger Message, when the S (Shift) AVG/RMS keys (the Clear Key Function) are pressed (if not in Local Lockout), operation.

Byte

Trigger Immediate (T2).

Analyzer receives the Trigger Immediate code,

akes one measurement in the shortest possible time.

!

he instrument then waits for the measurement

results to be read. While waiting, the instrument can

is

only available via remote program-

is

allowed

is

completed. In remote, three addi-

(TO).

or

entry into remote

as

the new measurement cycle begins. The

will

This mode

is

the mode of operation in effect when

This mode

is

or

the Clear Key Function ex-

to

or

to

the HP-IB except as follows. The

Byte

message

be affected (and the Require Service

it

receives either the Free Run,

or

when

is

identical to local

A

Device Clear

from local sets the

used to set up triggered

or

by the user via

the front-panel key lights

if

serial polled.

it

returns to local

When the Distortion

or

triggered

is

inhibited

to

or

free

T3,

or

(A

or

it

3-23

Operation

Model 89033

process most bus commands without losing the

if

measurement results. However, ceives GTL (Go To Local), GET (Group Execute

or

its

Trigger), the Clear Key Function, a new measurement cycle will be executed. Once the data (measurement results) are read onto the bus, the Distortion Analyzer reverts to the Hold mode. Measurement results obtained via Trigger Immediate are normally valid only when the instrument

Trigger with Settling

is

identical to Trigger Immediate except the Distortion Analyzer inserts a settling-time delay before taking the requested measurement. This settling time measurement results. Trigger with Settling ger type executed when a Trigger message is received via the bus.

listen address

is

in a steady, settled state.

(T3).

is

sufficient to produce valid, accurate

the instrument re-

or

if

it

is

triggered by

Trigger with Settling

is

the trig-

Triggering Measurements with the Clear Key Function.

Hold and not in Local Lockout, the front-panel Clear Key Function may be used to issue a Trigger with Settling instruction. First place the instrument in Hold mode (code pressing the time this key sequence is entered the Distortion Analyzer performs one Trigger with Settling Measurement cycle, then waits for the data to be read. Once the data is read out ment returns to Hold mode. between trigger cycles, acquired from subsequent measurements.

Special Considerations

When in free-run mode, the Distortion Analyzer must pay attention example, serial poll enable (SPE), local lockout (LLO), etc. In addition, pay attention example,

(GET), etc. As a consequence of this, the Distortion Analyzer must interrupt the current measurement cycle to these commands of the measurements are transitory, the measurement

must be re-initiated following each interruption.

Thus, if much bus activity occurs while the Distortion

Analyzer is trying to take a measurement, that

measurement may never be completed.

Trigger Immediate and Trigger with Settling provide

a way to avoid this problem. When the Trigger Imme-

diate

received, the Distortion Analyzer will not allow its

measurement to be interrupted. (Indeed, handshake

When the Distortion Analyzer

Tl).

Trigger the measurement by

S

(Shift) and AVG/RMS keys. Each

to

the bus, the instru-

If

it

will be replaced with data

for

Triggered Operation.

to

all universal bus commands, for

if

it

is addressed to listen,

to

all addressed bus commands, for

Go

To Local (GTL), Group Execute Trigger

to

determine whether any action in response

is

necessary. Since many elements

(T2)

and Trigger with Settling

data

(T3)

is

in remote

is

not read

it

codes are

must

of bus commands is inhibited until the measurement

is

complete.) Once the measurement commands will be processed, as discussed under Trigger Immediate above, with no loss of

an HP-IB environment where many bus commands are present, Trigger Immediate tling should be used for failsafe operation.

Reading Data from the Right or

Distortion Analyzer can only read once for each measurement made. Only the information on one display can be read each time. Use the codes RR (read right display) to control which information is read. The display will remain selected until the opposing display

specified

up occurs). Errors (which occupy two displays) are output as described above, and DC LEVEL measurement results (always occupying the right display only) are placed on the bus (when requested) regardless of which display is enabled.

(or

until a clear message

or

Program Order Considerations.

string some program order considerations need highlighting.

syntax

is

virtually identical to keystroke order,

Automatic Operation (AU).

is

eration Functions prefixed mode and also affects many other Special Functions. Thus when Automatic Operation is used, appear at the beginning of a program string.

executed in remote only,

1

through 8 to their zero-suffix

is

complete, bus

data.

Thus, in

or

Trigger with Set-

Left

Display.

data

to the HP-IB

RL (read left display)

is

received

Although program

When Automatic Op-

it

sets all Special

or

power-

it

should

The

is

Trigger Immediate and Trigger with Settling

(T2

and

T3).

When either of the trigger codes

or

T3

is

received by the Distortion Analyzer, a

measurement is immediately initiated. Once the

bus

measurement is complete, some

be processed without losing the measurement results.

However, any HP-IB program code sent to the Distortion Analyzer before the triggered measurement results have been output will initiate a new measurement Thus, trigger codes should always appear at the end of a program string, and the triggered measurement results must be read before tional program codes are sent.

3-19.

Depending on how the internal address switches are set, the Distortion Analyzer can either talk only, talk status only, listen only, operation). ment sends Data messages when addressed to talk. The instrument then remains configured to talk until it unaddress the Distortion Analyzer, the controller must send either an Abort message, a new talk address,

Sending the Data Message

or

talk and listen both (normal

If

set to both talk and listen, the instru-

is

unaddressed to talk by the controller. To

or

a universal untalk command.

commands can

any

T2

addi-

3-24

Model

Talk

89033

Only

Mode.

If

the internal address switches are

set to a valid Talk address and the TON (Talk Only)

is

set to

“l”,

switch

the Distortion Analyzer

in the Talk Only mode. In this mode instrument

is

placed

is

configured to send Data messages whenever the bus is in the data mode. Each time the measurement

is

completed, the measurement result will be output to

the bus unless the listening device is not ready for

data. If the listener Analyzer

is

not ready and the Distortion

not in a trigger mode, another

measurement cycle is executed.

Talk Status

Only

Mode.

If

all the internal address

switches and the TON (Talk Only) switch are set to

“l”,

but the LON (Listen Only) switch is set to

“0”,

the Distortion Analyzer is placed in the Talk Status

is

Only mode. In this mode the instrument

configured

to send a one-byte data message whenever the bus

is in the data mode. The byte sent is an exact copy

of

the Status Byte. Each time this byte

is

successfully sent on the bus, the internal Status Byte is cleared. The Data Valid (DAV) handshake line is pulsed each time the one-byte Data message is sent.

Data Output Format.

is

data

usually formatted as a real constant in expo-

As

shown below, the output

nential form: first the sign, then five digits (leading zeros not suppressed) followed by the letter E and a signed power-of-ten multiplier. (Refer to

Frequency Count

for the only exception to this format.) The

tions

in the

Detailed Operation Instruc-

Rapid

string is terminated by a carriage return (CR) and a line feed (LF), string positions

11

and 12. Data is

always output in hndamental units (for example, Hz,

dB,

%,

volts,

etc.), and the decimal point (not sent)

is assumed to be to the right of the fifth digit of the

mantissa. Data values never exceed

4

000

000.

Operation

Data Output Format:

+DDDDDE+NNCRLF

Signed Man

I

nd i cates Exponent

Exponent Sign Exponent Magnitude

tr

Fo

][-rLL

I

lows

Line Feed

Carriage Return

NOTE

For the only exception to the above format,

refer to Rapid Frequency Count in the

Detailed Operating Instructions.

When an error is output to the bus,

it

follows the same twelve-byte format described above except most of the numeric digits have predetermined values as shown below.

9

000

000.

Error

outputs always exceed

The two-digit error code

is

represented by the last two digits of the five-digit mantissa. The error code can be derived from the string by subtracting

9

X

lo9, then dividing the results by 100000.

Error Output Format:

+900DDE+05C

3

Error Code Carriage Return

3-20.

Receiving the Clear Message

The Distortion Analyzer responds

by assuming the settings detailed in Table

Distortion Analyzer responds equally

R

L

F

PLine Feed

to

the Clear message

3-5.

to

the Selected

The

Device Clear (SDC) bus command when addressed to listen, and the Device Clear (DCL) bus command

or

whether addressed

not. The Clear message clears any pending Require Service message and resets the Service Request Condition (Special Function

22)

such

that the Require Service message will be issued on

HP-IB

code errors only (Special Function

22.2).

Parameter

Measurement Detection Low-Pass

(LP)

Filter

High-Pass (HP)/ Bandpass

plug-in Filters)

Special Functions

Ratio Log/Lin

Right Display Read Service Request Condition Status Byte

Trigger

Mode

Local Lockout

(BP)

Table

(optional

3-5.

Response to a Clear Message

AC

Level

RMS 80

kHz Low-Pass

All

off

All

Special Functions off or set to

except Service Request Condition set to code error).

Off

Linear

(Refer

to

Instructions.) Enabled HP-IB Code Error Cleared

Free

Run

(Code

Cleared

On

RATIO

Only

TO)

Settina

their

zero-suffix mode

22.2

(HP-I8

and LOG/LIN Detailed Operating

3-25

Operation

Model 89033

3-21. Receiving the Trigger Message

When in remote and addressed to listen, the Distortion Analyzer responds to a Trigger message by executing one settled-measurement cycle. The Distortion Analyzer responds equally to a Trigger message (the Group Execute Trigger bus command

[GET]) and a Data message, program code T3 (Trigger

to

with Settling). Refer with the Data Message” under paragraph 3-18,

ing

the Data Message.

“Triggering Measurements

Receiu-

3-22. Receiving the Remote Message

The Remote message has two parts. First, the remote enable bus control line (REN) device listen address two actions combine to place the Distortion Analyzer in remote mode. Thus, the Distortion Analyzer enabled to go into remote when the controller begins the Remote message, but it does not actually switch to remote until addressed to listen the first time. No instrument settings are changed by the transition from local to remote, but the Trigger mode is set to Free Run (code Distortion Analyzer lights annunciator. When the Distortion Analyzer addressed (whether in remote ADDRESSED annunciator turns on.

is

sent by the controller. These

TO).

When actually in remote, the

is

held true, then the

its

front-panel REMOTE

or

local),

its

front-panel

is

being

3-23. Receiving the Local Message

The Local message ler sends the

addressed to listen, the Distortion Analyzer returns

to front-panel control when it receives the Local

If

message. the Local message was received, front-panel control is returned, but lockout is not cleared. Unless ceives the Clear Lockout/Set Local message, the Distortion Analyzer will return to local lockout the next time are changed by the transition from remote to local, but all measurements are made in a free run mode.

When the Distortion Analyzer goes to local mode, the front-panel REMOTE annunciator turns off.

However, when the Distortion Analyzer

dressed (whether in remote

ADDRESSED annunciator lights. If

the Distortion Analyzer is not in local lockout mode, pressing the front-panel LCL (local) key might interrupt a Data message being sent to the instrument, leaving the instrument in a state unknown to the controller. This can be prevented by disabling the Distortion Analyzer’s front-panel keys entirely using the Local Lockout message.

the instrument

it

is

the means by which the control-

Go

To Local (GTL) bus command. If

was

in local lockout when

goes to remote.

No

instrument settings

is

or

local),

its

it

re-

being ad-

front-panel

3-24. Receiving the Local Lockout Message

The Local Lockout message

the controller sends the Local Lockout (LLO) bus

command.

sponds to the Local Lockout Message by disabling the front-panel LCL (local) key and the Clear Key Function. (In remote, the Clear Key Function initiates a Trigger with Settling cycle.) The local lockout mode prevents

accidentally pressing front-panel keys. If, while in local, the Distortion Analyzer

(that

Lockout message, local lockout the first time When in local lockout, the Distortion Analyzer can be returned Local setting the LINE switch or

by removing the bus cable.

If

in remote, the Distortion Analyzer re-

loss

of data

is,

REN

to

or

Clear Lockout/Set Local messages),

or

is

set true) and

it

will switch to remote mode with

local only by the controller (using the

is

the means by which

system control due to someone

is

enabled to remote

it

receives the Local

it

is

addressed to listen.

or

by

to

OFF

and back to ON,

3-25. Receiving the Clear LockoutlSet Local

Mess

age

The Clear Lockout/Set Local message by which the controller sets the Remote Enable

(REN) bus control line false. The Distortion Analyzer returns to local mode (full front-panel control) when

it

receives the Clear Lockout/Set Local message. instrument settings are changed by the transition from remote with local lockout to local. When the Distortion Analyzer goes to local mode, the front-

panel REMOTE annunciator turns off.

is

the means

No

3-26. Receiving the Pass Control Message

The Distortion Analyzer does not respond to the

Pass

Control message because

controller.

it

cannot act as a

3-27. Sending the Require Service Message

The Distortion Analyzer sends the Require Service message by setting the Service Request (SRQ) bus

The

control line true.

Service message in either local Require Service message

is

executed by the controller

is

received by the Distortion Analyzer. (During serial poll, the Require Service message ately before the Distortion Analyzer places the Status Byte message on the bus.) An HP-IB code error will always cause a Require Service message to be issued. In addition, there are two other conditions which can be enabled to cause the Require Service message to be sent when they occur. All three conditions are described as follows.

instrument can send the Require

or

remote mode. The

is

cleared when a serial poll

or

if

a Clear message

is

cleared immedi-

3-26

Model 89033

Data Ready: When the Distortion Analyzer to send any information except error codes Status Byte.

HP-IB Code Error: When the Distortion Analyzer receives an invalid Data message. (This condition always causes a Require Service message to be sent.)

is

or

ready

NOTE

The

“----”

display indicates a transient condition. After nine attempts to make a measurement, it is replaced by which causes the Require Service message to be sent.

Instrument Error: When any displayed by the Distortion Analyzer including

IB Code error, Error

24.

Error

31

is

being

HP-

the

Operation

a

Service Message. If one tions described above are both enabled and present, all the bits corresponding to the conditions and also

7,

the

RQS

bit Service message tions occurs but has not been enabled by Special Function condition nor the

Service message will not be sent). The bit pattern the Status Byte is shown in the table labeled “Status Byte:”, on the following pages.

Once the Distortion Analyzer receives the serial poll

enable bus command (SPE),

to

alter the Status Byte. When addressed to talk (following SPE), the Distortion Analyzer sends the Status Byte message.

bit, will be set true (and the Require

is

22,

neither the bit corresponding to the

RQS

or

more of the three condi-

sent). If one of the above condi-

bit will be set (and the Require

of

it

is

no longer allowed

3-28. Selecting the Service Request

Condition

Use Special Function to enable the Distortion Analyzer to issue the Require Service message on any of the conditions above (except HP-IB code errors which always cause the Require Service message to be sent). The Service Request Condition Special Function is entered from HP-IB. The conditions enabled by Special Function

22

are always disabled by the Clear message. A description of the Service Request Condition Special Function and the procedure for enabling the various conditions are given under in the device subroutines for the Distortion Analyzer can be implemented simply by triggering measurements

then reading the output the controller must perform other tasks while controlling the Distortion Analyzer. Figure flow chart for developing device subroutines using the instrument’s ability to issue the Require Service message when data is ready. This sub-routine structure frees the controller to process other routines until the Distortion Analyzer is ready with data.

Detailed Operation Instructions.

22,

Service Request Condition,

Service Request Condition

Normally,

data.

In certain applications,

3-7

illustrates a

NOTE

Since the Distortion Analyzer cannot alter

in

serial

poll

the Status Byte while

it

is

not possible to continually request the

Status Byte while waiting

to

to cause a bit

After

the Status be cleared if the Serial Poll Disable (SPD) bus command

or Regardless of whether has been sent, the Status Byte and any Require Service message pending will be cleared if a Clear message Only, the Status Byte is cleared each time the onebyte Data message

is

received, if the Abort message

if the Distortion Analyzer is unaddressed to talk.

is

received. If the instrument

be set.

Byte

message has been sent

or

not the Status Byte message

is

issued to the bus.

3-30. Sending the Status Bit

The Distortion Analyzer does not respond to a Parallel Poll Enable (PPE) bus command, and thus cannot send the Status Bit Message.

3-31. Receiving the

Abort

for

Message

mode,

a condition

it

is

received,

is

set

to

will

Talk

3-29. Sending the Status Byte Message

The Status Byte message consists of one %bit byte in which conditions described above under Sending

3

of the bits are set according to the enabled

the

Require

The Abort Message

ler sets the Interface Clear (IFC) bus control line true. When the Abort message Distortion Analyzer becomes unaddressed and talking

or

listening.

is

the means by which the control-

is

received, the

stops

3-27

0

per

at

i o n

Model

89033

(

START 8903E

SET TRIGGER

MODE TO HOLD

(HP-18 CODE T1)

I

ENABLE

I

(HPIIB

SRQ

DATA READY

CODE 22.3SP)

)

ON

I

c

CONF 1 GURE

MEASUREMENT

TRIGGER MEASUREMENT

(HP-IB CODE T2

I

1

OR

T3).

I

TO OTHER INSTRUMENT

SERVICE ROUTINES

I

TEST OTHER 8903E

SRQ

CONDITIONS

INTERRUPT

T

READ STATUS BYTE

FROM 8903E

SRQ

FROM

8903E

1

le

NO <9::tntp DUE TO DATA

YES

I

READ DATA

FROM

8903E

ON

SRO

I

Figure

PROCESS OTHER

ROUTINES UNTIL

SRQ

CAUSES INTERRUPT

3-4.

Example

Flow

Chart

4

(-)

for

Driving the Distortion Analyzer Using the Require Service Message (SRQ)

3-28

Model 89033

Operation

HP-IB

Address:

General Operating Syntax:

Numeric Data Input Format:

Output

SYNTAX AND CHARACTERISTICS SUMMARY

Set in binary by internal switches - may be displayed on front panel using S (Shift) LCL. Factory

to

28

decimal.

(Excluding Rapid Frequency Count modes.)*

[Automatic Operation]

(leading decimal not allowed)

Formats:

Data (valid data output value always

(Except in Rapid Frequency Count mode.)*

Indicates Exponent Follows Carriage Return

[Measurement]

(Except in Rapid Source mode.)*

5-Digit Signed Mantissa

Signed Mantissar

Exponent Sign Exponent Magnitude

[Filters] [Special Functions]

f

DDDDDEkNN

Exponent Magnitude

Indicates Exponent Follows

<4

X

109

and

in fundamental units):

+DDDDDE+NNCRLF

TIT

T

[Log/Lin]

Exponent Sign

Line Feed

[Ratio]

set

Bit

Weight Service

Request

8

128 64

0

(always)

Condition

~~~~ ~

*

For information on Rapid Frequency

7

RQS

Bit

Require

Service Error Error

Count

mode refer

6

32

0

(always)

5

16 8

0

(always)

to

it

by name in the Detailed Operating

4

0

(always)

3

4

Instrument Code

Instructions.

HP4B

2

1

Data

Ready

3-29

Operation

Table

3-6.

Distortion Analyzer Parameter to HP-IB Code Summary

Model

89033

Parameter

Automatic Operation

SPCL SPCL SPCL

Measurements

AC Level SINAD Distortion DC Level Distortion Level

RMS Detector AVG Detector Automatic Notch Tuning

Notch Hold

Internal Plug-in HP/BP Filters

Left Plug-in Filter on

Right Plug-in Filter on

All

Plug-in HP/BP Filters

LP Filters

30

kHz LP Filter on

80

kHz LP Filter on

All LP Filters

off

Program Code

AU SP

ss

M1 M2 M3 s1

s3

A0 A1 NO N1

H1 H2 HO

L1 L2 LO

Parameter

Ratio

On

Off

Log/Lin

Log Lin

Trigger Modes

Free Run

Hold Trigger Immediate Trigger with Settling

Miscellaneous

Read Left Display

Read Right Display Rapid Frequency Count Clear Key Function*

Program Code

R1

RO

LG LN

TO

T1 T2 T3

RL RR RF

CL

'Not

to

be confused with Clear message which

Program Code

A0 A1 AU

CL

HO

H1 H2

LG

LN

LO L1 L2

M1 M2 M3 NO

N1

Table

3-7.

Audio

Analyzer HP-IB Code

Parameter

RMS Detector AVG Detector Automatic Operation

Clear Key Function*

All

Internal Plug-in HP/BP Filters Left Plug-in Filter on Right Plug-in Filter on

Log Linear

All LP Filters

30

kHz LP Filter

80 kHz LP Filter on

AC Level SINAD Distortion

Automatic Notch Tuning

Notch Hold

off

on

is

defined

in

off

Table

3.

11

Program

RF RL

RR RO R1

SP

ss

s1

s3

TO

T1 T2

T3

-

0-9

to

Parameter Summary

COG

Rapid Frequency Count Read Left Display

Read Right Display

Ratio on

off

Ratio

SPCL SPCL SPCL DC Level Distortion Level

Free Run Hold Trigger Immediate Trigger with Settling

-

(minus)

0-9

.

(decimal point)

Parameter

*Not

3-30

to

be confused with Clear messaae which

is

defined in Table

3-3.

Model

89033

Table

3-8.

Distortion Analyzer Special Function

Special Function

Input Level Range (except DC Level)

Automatic Selection 300V range

189V range 11 9V range

75.4V range

47.6V range

30.0V range

18.9V range

11.9V range

7.54V range

4.76V range

3.00V range

1.89V range

1.19V range

0.754V range

0.476V range

0.300V range

0.189V range

0.1 19VV range

0.0754V range

Input Level Range (DC Level only)

Automatic Selection 300V range 64V range 16V range 4V range

Post Notch Gain

Automatic Selection

0

dB gain 20 dB gain 40 dB gain 60 dB gain

Hold Decimal Point

Automatic Selection

DDDD. range DDD.D range DD.DD range D.DDD range

O.DDDD range

rnV

RMS

range

Detector

DD.DD D.DDD mV range

0.DDDD rnV range

Post Notch Detector Response (except in SINAD)

Fast RMS Detector Slow Fast AVG Detector Slow AVG Detector

Notch Tune

Automatic notch tuning Hold notch tuning

Program Code

1 .OSP

1.lSP

1.2SP

1.3SP

1.4SP

1.5SP

1.6SP

1.7SP

1.8SP

1.9SP

1.1OSP

1.1lSP

1.12SP

1.13SP

1.14SP

1.15SP

1.1 6SP

1.17SP

1.18SP

1.1 9SP

2.0SP

2.1 SP

2.2SP

2.3SP

2.4SP

3.0SP

3.1 SP

3.2SP

3.3SP

3.4SP

4.0SP

4.1 SP

4.2SP

4.3SP

4.4SP

4.5SP

4.6SP

4.7SP

4.8SP

5.0SP

5.1

SP

5.2SP

5.3SP

6.0SP

6.1SP

to

HP-IB

~~ ~ ~ ~~

Code

Summary

Special Function

Error Disable

All

errors enabled

Disabled Analyzer errors

(Errors 12-17,31, and 96)

Disable External Source errors

(Error 19)

Hold Settings

Hold input level ranges,

post-notch gain, decimal point and notch tuning at present settings.

Re-enter Ratio Mode

Restore last RATIO reference

and enter RATIO mode if allowed.

Display RATIO reference.

Time Between Measurements

Minimum time between

measurements

s

Add 1

SINAD Display Resolution

0.01

Display Level in Watts

Display level as watts into 852. Display level as watts into NNNR.

Read Display

Read right display. Read left display.

HP-IB Address

Displays HP-IB address (in binary)

Displays HP-IB address

HP-I6 Service Request Condition

Enable a Condition to cause a

between measurements

dB above 25 dB;

0.5 dB below 25 dB

dB

all ranges

to

HP-IB.

in left display; right display in form means talk only; listen only; S=l means

service request, N is the sum

of

any combination of the

weighted conditions below:

1-Data Ready 2-HP-IB error

4-Instrument error The instrument powers the 22.2 state (HP-IB error).

TLS

where T=l

L=l

means

in

decimal.

up

SRQ.

in

Operation

Program

*(This code is

ignored)

19.NNNSP

Code

~~

8.0SP

8.1 SPor

8.3SP

8.2SP'

9.OSP

11 .OSP

11.1SP

14.0SP

14.1SP

16.0SP

16.1 SP

19.OSP

20.0SP

20.1SP 21 .OSP

21.1 SP

22.NSP

3-31

Operation

ASCII

-

NUL

SOH

STX

EOT EN0 ACK BEL

DLE DC1 DC2 DC3

DC4

NAK

SY

ETB

CAN

SUB

ESC

ETX

BS HT LF VT

FF

CR

so

SI

N

EM

FS

GS

RS

us

SP

I

#

$

010

8

(

)

-

/

0

1 2 3

4

5

6

7

8

9

7

Binary

00

000

00

000

001

00

000

01

0

00 000

01 1

00

000

100

00 000

101

00

000

110

00

000

111

00

001

000

00

001 001

00

001 010

00001 011

00

001 100

00

001 101

00

001 110

00001 111

00

010

000

00

010 001

00

010 010

00

010 011

00

010 100

00

010 101

00

010 110

00

010 111

00011

OOO

00

011 001

00

011 010

00

011 011

00

011 100

00

011 101

00

011 110

00011 111

00

100

OOO

00

100 001

00

100 010

00100011

00

100

loo

00

100 101

00

100 110

00

100 111

00

101

000

00

101 001

00

101 010

00

101 011

00

101 100

00

101 101

00

101 110

00

101 111

00

110

000

00

110 001

00

110 010

00110011

00

110 100

00

110 101

00

110 110

00

110 111

00

111

000

00

111 001

00

111 010

00

111 011

00

111 100

00

111 101

00

111 110

00

111 111

-

Octal

000

00

002 003

004

005

006

007 010

01 1 012 013

014 015 016 017

020 021 022 023

024 025 026 027

030

031 032

033

034

035 036 037

040 041 042 043

044 045 046 047

050

051 052 053

054

055 056 057

060 061 062 063

064

065 066 067

070 071 072 073

074 075 076 077

1

Table

-

Decima

-

0

1 2 3

4 5 6 7

8

9

10 11

12 13 14 15

16 17 18 19

20 21 22 23

24 25 26 27

28 29 30 31

32 33 34 35

36 37 38 39

40 41 42 43

44 45 46 47

48 49

50

51 52

53 54

55

56

57 58

59

60 61 62 63

3-9.

Commonly- Used Code Conversions

-

Hexa-

decimal

00

01 02 03

04

05

06

07 08

09

OA

OB

oc

OD

OE OF

10 11 12 13

14 15 16 17

18 19 1A 1B

1c 1D 1E 1F

20 21 22 23

24 25 26 27

28

29 2A 28

2c 2D 2E 2F

3G

31 32

33

34

35 36 37

38 39 3A 38

3c 3D 3E 3F

ASCII

0

A

B C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K L

M

N

0

P

a

R

S

T

U

v

W

X Y

Z

I

\

I

A

-

a

b

C

d

e f

9

h

I

k

I

m

n

0

P

q

r

S

t

U

v

W

X

Y

z

i

I

DEL

-

01

000

01

000

001

000

010

01 01

000

011

01

000

100

01

000

101

000

110

01

000

111

01 01 001

000

01 001 001 01 001 010 01 001 011

01 001 100 01 001 101 01 001 110 01 001 111

01 010

000

01 010 001 01 010 010 01 010 011

01 010 100 01 010 101 01 010 110 01 010 111

01 011

000

01 011 001 01 011 010 01 011 011

01 011 100 01 011 101 01 011 110 01 011 111

01 100

000

01 100 001 01 100010 01 100011

01 100 100 01 100 101 01 100 110 01 100 111

01 101

000

01 101 001 01 101

010

01 101 011 01 101 100

01 101 101 01 101 110 01 101 111

01 110

000

01 110 001 01 110010 01 110011

01 110 100 01 110 101 01 110 110 01 110 111

01 111

000

01 111 001 01 111 010 01 111 011

01 111 100

100 101 102 103

104 105 106

107 110

111 112 113

114 115 116 117

120 121 122 123

124 125 126 127

130 131 132 133

134 135 136 137

140 141 142 143

144 145 146 147

150 151 152 153

154 155 156 157

160 161 162 163

164 165 166 167

170 171 172

173 174

Model

40 41 42 43

44 45 46 47

48 49

4A

48 4c

40 4E 4F

50

51 52 53

54

55

56 57

58 59

5A

58 5c

5D

5E

5F

60 61 62 63

64 65 66

67

68

69 6A 6B

6C

60

6E 6F

70

71

72

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

7A

78

7c

7D

7E

7F

89033

3-32

~

Model

8903B

Description

Operation

AC

The Distortion Analyzer contains a wideband, true rms with high accuracy and sensitivity. Pressing the AC LEVEL key causes the Distortion Analyzer to measure the differential ac voltage between the center and outer conductor of the INPUT connector INPUT connectors. Signals common to both high and low inputs are rejected. See the following Warning and Caution.

To avoid the possibility without Option

of

the

BNC

Do

not apply

combination) to the INPUT connector(s).

or,

for Option 001 only, the center conductors of the (rear-panel)

OOl),

INPUT connector when the FLOAT switch

more

than

Level

of

hazardous shock on standard instruments (those

do

not apply more

300

Vrms (either differential, common-mode,

or

average-responding voltmeter

than

42Vpeak to the outer conductor

is

in the FLOATposition.

or

a

Procedure

Example

Program Code

Indications

To make an ac level measurement, press the AC LEVEL key. AC level results can be

V,

displayed in

Distortion Analyzer powers up displaying ac level

display in dBm (that is,

0.775V), press the LOG/LIN key. To return to linear, simply press the LOG/LIN key again.

If

the ac level

To measure the ac level of a signal

LOCAL

mV, Bm, watts,

dI3

relative

is

to be displayed relative

(keystrokes)

or

as the ratio

to

1

milliwatt into a 600-ohm load, equivalent to dBre

to

a reference, refer

at

the INPUT connector:

to

an entered

in

linear units (mV

Measurement

AC

or

measured value. The

or

V). To obtain

to

Ratio

and

LOG/LIN.-

7

iY

M1

T

(program

M1 is the program code

When ac level shows the ac level with the appropriate units. The Distortion Analyzer automatically ranges for maximum resolution and accuracy. The left display shows the input signal frequency. the input level to the frequency counter is too small, the left display will show

(This will often occur when the signal is in the stop band of the optional plug-in HP/BP

filters, but not the low-pass filters.)

codes)

is

for

AC LEVEL.

selected, the LED within the AC LEVEL key will light. The right display

Measurement

0.000

kHz.

a

If

Measurement

Technique

In ac level the Distortion Analyzer acts as an ac voltmeter. The Distortion Analyzer automatically sets the input attenuation and the gain settings of the various amplifiers that the input signal amplitude lies within the range of the output detector. The output

so

3-33

Operation Model

8903B

Measurement Technique (cont’d)

Com men ts

AC

detector converts the ac level to a dc voltage which and after correction

Level

for

input gain and attenuation, displayed in appropriate units. The

(cont’d)

is

then measured by the dc voltmeter

frequency of the input signal is also measured and displayed.

COUNTER/

LEFT DISPLAY

(FREQUENCY)

INTERNAL

PLUG-IN

INPUT

HP/BP OUTPUT

FILTERS

LOW-PASS

RWAVG

DETECTOR

-

bU

VOLTMETER/

RIGHT DISPLAY

(AMPLITUDE)

.qC/,r/

-ucu

-

INPUT PROGRAMABLE

AMPLIFIER GAIN AMPLIFIER GAIN AMPLIFIER

AC

Level Measurement Block Diagram

The Distortion Analyzer powers up in the ac level measurement mode with the

low-pass filter activated. The

750

kHz

to

80

from

kHz.

80

kHz

PR~GRAHAELE

low-pass filter reduces the measurement bandwidth

80

kHz

Related Sect ions

Two ac level detectors are available: true rms and average-responding (but

See the section

Detector Selection

for

details.

Common Mode Detector Selection Display Level in Watts Filters Monitor RATIO and

LOG/LIN

Special Functions

rms

calibrated).

3-34

Model

89033

Operation

Description

Procedure

Example

Program Code

indications

Comments

Automatic

The Automatic Operation code sets the instrument functions to automatic (that is, each function is allowed to automatically range the special functions.

To set the Distortion Analyzer to automatic operation, you must use HP-IB.

To set the Distortion Analyzer to automatic operation:

Operation

to

the appropriate setting).

AU

It

also cancels all of

7-

(program

AU is the HP-IB code for Automatic Operation.

When the HP-IB program code is entered, the left and right displays shows four dashes, then both displays show the current measurement mode and input.

The converse Refer to

codes)

of

Hold

Settings.

the automatic operation mode

Function

is

blank,

the Hold Settings Special (prefixed9).

the right display

Related Sections

For

information on which specific Special Functions are turned off by the Automatic

Operation mode, refer Functions, when programming the instrument.

Hold Settings

Special Functions

it

is

a good practice to place the AU code at the beginning of a program string

to

Special Functions. Since Automatic Operation affects Special

3-35

Operation Model

89033

Description

Common

Common-mode rejection ratio, of the ability of an amplifier to reject while allowing the differential signals (which may

.

amplified and passed on Since the analyzer input is fully balanced,

High and Low Inputs (with the INPUT FLOAT switch in the FLOAT position). standard instruments, the High Input the Low Input is its outer conductor. For instruments with Option Inputs are the center conductors of the respective HIGH and However, for valid measurement results, there are limitations common-mode signals.

To

avoid the possibility of hazardous shock on standard instruments (those without

OOl),

Option

do not apply more than 42V peak to the outer conductor of the

BNC INPUT connector when the FLOAT switch

Do

not apply more than

or

“common-mode” as

to

the measurement circuitry.

300

Mode

it

is

usually referred

signals

is

the center conductor of the INPUT BNC connector;

Vrms (either differential,

that are common

or

may not be the weaker signal)

it

can reject signals which are common to the

is

in

to

both amplifier inputs

001,

the High and Low

LOW

INPUT connectors.

to

the maximum level of

the FLOAT position.

common-mode,

combination) to the INPUT connector(s).

to,

is

a measure

or

a

to

be

For

Common-mode signal limitations exist because the instrument’s ranging detector (which determines the input voltage range), the High and common-mode signal is present. Erroneous measurements may be obtained

The Analyzer Input Block Diagram illustrates that the ranging detector senses the voltage difference between the High and Low Input lines. Common-mode signals are “ignored” the ranging detector, while the differential signals are measured. The block diagram also illustrates that the High and Low Input lines have over-voltage protection circuits

Low

Inputs). Thus, the instrument can set an incorrect input range

when the input voltage (single

is

designed

to

read only the

differential

signal (between

if

as

a

result.

that open

or

combined common-mode and differential) exceeds the

a large

by

maximum safe limit.

OVER-VOLTAGE

PROTECTION

‘

HIGH

fl

Low

HIGH INPUT ATTENUATOR

LOW

INPUT

ATTENUATOR

DIFFERENTIAL-TO-

SINGLE-ENDEO CONVERTER

TO PROGRAMMABLE GAIN AMPLIFIER

h

3-36

L

Analyzer Input Block Diagram

Model 89033 Operation

Example

Comments

Common

If

a common-mode signal of 1OV is on the analyzer’s input with a 1V differential signal, the ranging detector selects the 1.19V range. The signal that actually 11V

(1OV

common-mode signal + the 1V differential signal). A voltage signal this

Mode

(cont’d)

is

present at the input

is

large can exceed the input amplifiers’ operating range and cause erroneous measurements.

However, the instrument will not be damaged because the Over-voltage Protection circuitry will open whenever the combined common-mode and differential signals exceed the instrument’s safe operating range. (Setting Special Function

1.8

will set the input range to

11.9V.)

For

error-free measurements, the Operating Region

For

Valid

Measurements graphs, shown

below, indicate the maximum allowable common-mode input voltages for a given differential

1

is

input voltage. Case both input lines. Case

for a single-ended source with a common-mode signal present on

2

is

for a balanced source with common-mode signals on both input

lines.

To

obtain the maximum common-mode input voltage level

from

the graphs, select the desired

value for the differential input voltage. Then read the common-mode input voltage level.

For example, on the Case 1 graph, for a differential input voltage level of lV, the maximum

common-mode input voltage level

maximum common-mode input level

is

2.8V.

20V.

For

a differential input voltage of 20V, the

Y

0

c

-8

c

a

a.

z

-

Y

8

7

0

3

0

CASE

OIFFERENTIAL

1.

Single-Ended Source

INPUT

with

VOLTAGE

Common

Mode

on

Both

3dOV

Lines

3-37

Operation

Model

89033

Comments (cont’d)

Common

Y

a

<

i-

_I

0

>

I-

=

L

z

-

w

n

0

7

z

0

3

0

Mode

DIFFERENTIAL INPUT VOLTAGE

(cont’d)

5.6V

300V

VDIFF

(rms)

-D

IOV

Related Sections

AC

DC

Level

CASE

2.

Balanced Source with

Common

Mode

on

Both

Sides

3-38

~

Model 89033

Description

Procedure

Operation

DC

Pressing the DC LEVEL key causes the Distortion Analyzer voltage between the center and outer conductor of the INPUT connector or, for Option only, the center conductors of the (rear-panel) INPUT connectors. Voltage common

high and low inputs are rejected. See the following Warning and Caution.

To avoid the possibility without Option

of

the BNC INPUT connector when the FLOAT switch is

Do

not apply more than

OOl),

Level

to

measure the differential dc

to

of

hazardous shock on standard instruments (those

do not apply more than 42Vpeak to the outer conductor

in

the FLOATposition.

300

Vrms

(either differential, common-mode,

or

a

001

both

combination) to the INPUT connector(s).

To make a dc level measurement, press the S (Shift) key, then the DC LEVEL key. The voltage can be expressed in either volts, relative

To

relative

to

1

milliwatt into

return to linear, simply press the LOG/LIN again.

to

a reference level, refer

600Q).

to

or,

if the voltage is positive, in dBm (that

To obtain a display in am, press the LOG/LIN key.

If

the dc level

RATIO and LOG/LIN.

is

to be displayed

is,

dB

Example

Program Code

Indications

Measurement

Technique

Comments

To measure the dc level at the INPUT connector:

LOCAL

(keystrokes)

LJW

2

DC

LEVEL

s1

T

(program

When dc level is selected, the LEDs within the DC LEVEL key and the

light. The right display shows the dc level with the appropriate units. The Distortion Analyzer automatically ranges for maximum resolution and accuracy. measurement mode, the left display

In the dc level measurement mode the Distortion Analyzer automatically sets the input attenuation and the gain of the input amplifier proper range of the dc voltmeter. The correction for input gain and attenuation, displayed in appropriate units.

In the dc level measurement mode only the ac component of the input signal the MONITOR output. The ac component also affects the input gain.

codes)

is

blanked even though

signal

Measurement

S

(Shift)

In the dc level

an

ac signal may be present.

so

that the signal amplitude lies within the

is then measured by the dc voltmeter and after

key will

is

coupled to

Related Sections

Common Mode

RATIO and LOG/LIN

Special Functions

3-39

Operation Model 89033

Default Conditions

Description

and Power-up

When which the instrument front-panel indicators light approximately four seconds, this sequence is completed and the Distortion Analyzer is preset as follows:

first

turned on, the Distortion Analyzer performs a sequence of internal checks after

is

ready to make measurements. During the power-up sequence, all

to

allow the operator to determine if any are defective. After

MEASUREMENT DETECTOR LP FILTER HPPeighting BP Filter RATIO Ratio Reference LOG/LIN

Left Display Right Display Service Request Condition Status Byte Trigger Mode Special Functions

....................

........................

......................

....................

.....................

..............

.........

.................

...................

........

...................

...............

AC LEVEL RMS LOW PASS 80 kHz Off Off

0

LIN (see

Operating Instruction) Input Frequency Input AC Level HP-IB Code Error Only Cleared Free Run (Code All Special Functions off

except Service Request Condition which

to

RATIO

22.2

(HP-IB Code Error).

Sequence

and

LOGILIN

TO)

or

Detailed

in their zero suffix,

is

set

Related Sections

Ratio and LOG/LIN Service Request Condition

NOTE

The FLOAT switch is set

manually.

3-40

Model 89033 Operation

Detector Selection

(Special Function

5)

Description

Procedure

Example

Program Code

Indications

The Distortion Analyzer contains a wideband, true rms with high accuracy and sensitivity. The Distortion Analyzer can be switched to have either

or

a true rms

To select the AVG Detector, press the AVG/RMS key. The key light will light to indicate average detection. To select the RMS Detector, press the AVG/RMS key again. The light will extinguish, indicating true rms detection.

Code A0

For fast

5.0SP for fast rms detection,

the following HP-IB codes: 5.2SP for

detection.

When 5.0SP When 5.2SP detection has been selected.

averaging detector response.

I

Detector

is

the HP-IB code

or

slow detection selection (either rms

or

5.1SP is entered, the light in the AVG/RMS key will go out

or

5.3SP is entered, the light in the AVG/RMS key will light indicating average

Program

1

A0

for

or

Code

or

5.0SP

RMS

Detector.

5.1SP for slow rms detection.

A1

or

average), enter the following HP-IB codes:

fast

average detection,

or

average-responding voltmeter

key

is the HP-IB code for AVG Detector.

For

average detection, enter

or

5.3SP for slow average

if

it

is

on.

Measurement

Technique

Comments

Related Sections

When measuring complex waveforms accurate rms measurement than an average-responding detector which has been calibrated to indicate the rms value of a sine wave. For a sine wave, both the true rms and the average-responding detectors give correct rms readings. However, when the signal is a complex waveform, be in error. The amount of error depends upon the particular signal being measured.

noise, an average-responding detector reads low.

Many ac voltmeters employ an average-responding detector. the use of an average-responding detector, press the AVG/RMS key

AC Level Distortion Distortion Level

SINAD

or

when significant noise

or

noise, a true

is

present, the average-responding detector reading can

rms

detector will provide a more

For

those applications requiring

for

average detection.

For

3-41

Operation Model

89033

Description

Procedure

Example

Display

The measurement mode can be set external load resistance by using Special Function 19 through HP-IB. The range selectable load resistance (in ohms) is an integer value from

To set the measurement to display the ac level in watts into a specified resistance, enter the corresponding

Resistance

8

1-999

To

set the right display

(program

codes)

HP-IB

(0)

to

Level

(Special Function

to

code.

19.OSP

19.NNNSP

read INPUT signal level in watts into an external 16R speaker:

in

Watts

19)

read the ac input power level in watts into a specified

1

to

999.

Program Code

(where

NNN

corresponds

Code

19.16SP

LFunction

to

the

load

resistance

of

in

ohms.)

the

Program Code

indications

Comments

For

HP-IB codes, refer

The right display indicated. All measurement LEDs

The load resistance in ohms must be an integer (for example, a resistance be entered). The decimal point An attempt to enter a second decimal point

Remember that the instrument assumes that the input voltage the specified external load resistance. watts is shown for the resistance entered.

Zeros immediately following the decimal point are optional. For example,when setting the load resistance to equivalent to 19.10 both specify an

The displayed power level is accurate regardless audio detector is set to average responding.

Neither the RATIO nor the

8R

to

Procedure

shows

a four-digit readout of the ac power in watts but no units are

1

ohm, 19.1

or

19.100. Note that 19., 19.0, and 19.8 are equivalent (that

load resistance).

LOG

above.

go

off.

has

already been used when entering the Special Function.

is

ignored.

is

being developed across

If

an incorrect resistance

is

equivalent to 19.01 and 19.001. However, 19.1 is not

of

distortion unless the Distortion Analyzer’s

function can be used with this Special Function.

is

entered, the readout in

of

5.80 cannot

is,

they

Related Sections

3-42

AC level Detector Selection

Model

89033

Operation

Distortion

Description

Procedure

Example

The Distortion Analyzer measures distortion by first determining the following value:

D=

It

then converts D into the appropriate measurement units as follows:

%

dB

The RATIO key can be used to compare the measured results to a predetermined ratio reference value (refer to

A

distortion measurement can be made on signals from

300V

to To make a distortion measurement, press the DISTN key. Use the filters

hum, spurious signals, etc. The Distortion Analyzer powers up with the LOW

filter activated. To measure the distortion of an external source in a

in the single-ended mode (FLOAT switch in the grounded position).

RATIO

a

(program

codes)

noise + distortion

+

signal

units = D

units = 2010g

and

noise + distortion

X

LOGILIN).

Measurement

100%

D

M3L

T-

20

Hz to

30

kHz bandwidth:

1

Filter

100

kHz

and from

to

limit noise,

PASS

50

80

mV

kHz

Program Code

Indications

Measurement Technique

M3

is the HP-IB code for the distortion measurement.

When distortion distortion

(see

In the distortion measurement mode, the controller automatically sets the input attenuation and the gain settings of various amplifiers. This signal with the ranging rms detector. This control ensures that the signal amplitude is within the proper range the ac level of the combined signal the fundamental signal. The notch filter automatically tunes to the component whose frequency

is

measured by the counter (usually the fundamental of the input signal). The output detector converts the residual noise The controller then corrects for the programmed gain and attenuation, computes the ratio of the two signals signal is also measured and displayed.

of

Description

is

selected, the LED within the DISTN key will light. The frequency and

the input signal are displayed, and the appropriate annunciators are lighted

above).

is

accomplished by measuring the input

for

the input and output detectors. The Input RMS/AVG Detector converts

+

noise + distortion to dc. The notch filter removes

+

distortion to dc. The dc voltmeter measures both dc signals.

,

and displays the results in appropriate units. The frequency of the input

(Distortion Measurement

Block

Diagram on next page)

3-43

Operation Model

Distortion (cont’d)

COUNTER/

LEFT OISPLAY

(F

FREQUENCY

REOUENCY)

89033

IINpuTI++

Comments

Related Sections

INPUT FILTERS NOTCH

ATTENUATOR

/

INPUT

AMPLIFIER

RANGING

RMS

DETECTOR

HP/BP

FILTER

INPUT RMS/AVG

DETECTOR

u1

I

u

L

-

.

(StNtO)

Distortion Measurement

Distortion can be measured with either the true

rms

applications specify true

detection.

Detector Selection Distortion Level Filters Notch Tune

RATIO

and LOG/LIN

Block

OUTPUT

DETECTOR

RMS/AVG VOLTMETER/ RIGHT OISPLAY

CONTROLLER (AMPLITUDE)

Diagram

rms

or

average-responding detector. Most

3-44

Model

89033

Operation

Description

Procedure

Example

Program Code

Indications

Distortion

This measurement mode can be accessed only via HP-IB. The Distortion Analyzer measures the distortion level by removing the fundamental of the input signal and then measuring the ac level of the remaining noise and distortion. The mV and the linear mode a

6000

load). The RATIO key can be used to compare the measured results to a predetermined

ratio reference (refer to To make a distortion level measurement, you must use the HP-IB Distortion Level program

S3.

code

with the LOW-PASS

To measure distortion level on an external source signal in a

(program

S3

When distortion level displayed, and the appropriate annunciators and DISTN key light will light (see above).

The filters are used to limit the bandwidth. The Distortion Analyzer powers up

codes)

is

the HP-IB code for distortion level.

or

the values are converted to dJ3m (that is,

RATIO and LOGILIN).

80

kHz filter activated.

is

selected, the frequency and amplitude

Level

Measurement

-J7--Filter

S3L1

V

units are displayed

dB

relative to 1 milliwatt into

30

kHz bandwidth

of

the input signal are

Description

in

Measurement

Technique

In the distortion level measurement mode, the controller automatically sets the input attenua-

tion and the gain settings of various amplifiers. This control ensures that the signal amplitude

is

within the proper range for the output detector. The notch filter removes the fundamental from the input is

measured by the counter (usually the fundamental converts the residual noise

the controller corrects for the programmed gain and attenuation. The results are then

displayed in the appropriate units. The frequency

signal.

The notch filter automatically tunes to the component whose frequency

of

the input signal). The output detector

+

distortion to dc. The dc voltmeter measures the

of

the input

is

also measured and displayed.

signal,

and

(Distortion Level Measurement

Block

Diagram on next page)

3-45

Operation

Model

89033

Measurement Technique (con t’d)

Distortion

U

-

RANGIN6

RWS

DETECTOR

Level

(cont’d)

FREQUENCY

COUNTER/

LEFT OISPLAY

(FREQUENCY)

1

Related Sections

Distortion Level Measurement

Detector Selection Distortion Filters Monitor

Notch

RATIO

tune

and

LOG/LIN

Block

Diagram

3-46

Model

89033

Operation

Description

Procedure

Example

Error

(Special Function

The

Error

Disable Function is used

the

8.N

Special Function allows the user to enable all operator

analyzer errors (measurement related errors).

To selectively disable

All

error messages enabled.

Disable analyzer error messages.

To disable the analyzer error messages:

(program

codes)

(or

enable) operator error messages, enter the corresponding

Error

Message

Disable

to

selectively disable operating error messages. Using

Status

Code

8)

8.1

SP

TT-Function

error

messages,

8.0SP

8.1SP

or

HP-IB

8.3SP

disable

code.

Program Code

Indications

Comments

For

HP-IB

As

the program code is entered, both displays will blank, and the entered code will flash in the left display. selected measurement mode.

HP-IB

over the bus, but is ignored.

The error messages can the

HP-IB

Error

When these safeguards are disabled, erroneous measurements can result under certain conditions. This should be kept in mind when operating the instrument with error messages disabled.

Automatic Operation

Error

Special Functions

codes refer to

Both

codes

8.1SP

and

bus controller.

messages are one means by which the instrument safeguards accurate measurements.

Message Summary

Procedure

displays return

8.3SP

perform the same function.

also

be

above.

to

selectively disabled

the display that

HP-IB

to

prevent unwanted error interrupts to

is

appropriate for the currently

code

8.2SP

can be entered

3-47

Operation Model 89033

Description

HP-IB

Output

Format

Error

The instrument generates error messages

or

entries, condition code as follows:

Error

and Entry Errors that indicate that not all conditions have been met to assure a calibrated measurement, Disable Special Function messages. Entry Errors require that a new program code entry be made.

Error

related information. Service Errors must be enabled failures within the instrument. Service Errors are discussed in the Service Section this manual.

The HP-IB output format for errors is shown below:

service related problems. The error message

is

removed. (Error 31

10

through Error

or

65

through Error

Message

39

that an invalid

(8.N)

89.

Fixed Data

Error Code Carriage Return

Summary

to

indicate operating problems, incorrect HP-IB

is

generally cleared when the error

is

an exception.) The Error Messages are grouped by error

and

Error

HP-IB

can be used to selectively disable certain operating error

These are Service Errors that provide additional service

+900DDE+05CR

IJ-

Fixed Exponent

90

through Error

code sequence entry has been made. The Error

to

appear and

LF

T

-LL

Line

Feed

99.

These are Operating

do

not necessarily represent

(8)

of

Error

Displays

For

example, Error 10 is output

from normal error has been input subtracting 9

Shown below and on the next page are three types of error displays. The first is typical of most error displays and is shown as meaning and occur often.

This display shows the general error display format. These errors are output to the HP-IB

as

shown under the HP-IB format above.

data

outputs since normal

to

the computing controller, the error code is simply derived by

X

lo9

from the input number, then dividing the result by 100 000.

to

the HP-IB as +90010E+05CRLF. This format differs

data

outputs will never exceed

a

general case. The second and third have specific

4

X

109. Once an

3-48

This display means that no signal has been sensed at the input. This display

the HP-IB as Error 96 using the HP-II3 format shown above.

is

output to

Model

89033

Operation

Error Displays

(cont’d)

Error Messages

Error

This display means that a signal has been detected,

is

table

typically

Code

Error

10

not

result a transitory state changes to

The

action pertaining to particular errors is also

Message

yet

available. This display is

in

instrument operation. After

Error

31.

Error

31

below describes all Operating and

required to remove

I

Message

Summary

is

output

to

the

error-causing condition is

given.

never

the

Operating

Reading too large for display.

This error code indicates that although the required calculation is within the capability of the instrument, the result of the calculation exceeds the display capabilities.

output

HP-IB

Entry

Errors

(cont’d)

but

for

various reasons a measurement

to

the

HP-IB

nine

successive occurrences,

using

the

HP-IB

errors.

The

Action Required/Comments

and

typically indicates

format shown above.

error code, message, and the

given.

Additional information

the

display

11

13

14

17

19

Calculated value out of range.

Notch cannot tune to input.

Input level exceeds instrument specifications.

Although error codes

Errors, they should be considered rather

Internal voltmeter cannot make measurement.

Cannot confirm external source frequency.

Enter new RATIO reference. Refer to

Adjust input frequency to within specified limits. Refer to Table 1-1.

This error code indicates that the input overload detector has tripped (not in range hold). This could be caused by too large an ac signal, or too much ac on a dc signal.

17

and

19

This error code indicates that the counter has failed to return a value. This can only be caused by a

malfunction in the counter. Refer to Service Sheet 14.

This error indicates that in notch routine, the frequency could not be measured, and thus the notch could not

be adjusted. This usually indicates a counter problem. Refer to Service Sheet 14.

RATIO and LOG/LIN.

NOTE

are officially listed here under Operating

as

diagnostic indications.

26

RATIO not allowed in present mode.

This error code indicates that use of the RATIO key does not make sense in the current mode. Refer to

RATIO and LOG/LIN.

3-49

Operation Model

89033

Error

Messages (cont’d)

Error

Code

30

31

96

Message Summary

I

Message

I

rating Errors (Cont’d)

Input overload detector

tripped in range hold.

Cannot make

measurement.

(HP-IB only) sensed at input.

No

signal

This error code indicates that the input signal is too

high for the selected range. Use Special Function enter a more realistic range setting, or enter AU over

the HP-IB to allow the Distortion Analyzer to seek the

correct input range. Refer to

This error code indication occurs when the input signal

is changing too quickly for the Distortion Analyzer to make consistent measurements or when the common mode signal is too large for the Distortion Analyzer.

The

trying to make a measurement. After nine unsuccessful tries, Error

This error is sent on the HP-IB when the is shown.

‘I-

-

- -

”

display indicates that the instrument is

31

Entry Errors

(cont’d)

Action Required/Comments

Automatic Operation.

is displayed.

‘I-

-”

1

to

display

Related Sections

20

21

22

23

24

65-89

Automatic Operation

RATIO

Entered value out of range.

Invalid HP-IB code sequence.

Invalid Special Function prefix.

Invalid Special Function

suffix.

Invalid HP-IB code.

~~

Service-related errors.

and

LOG/LIN

Re-enter new value.

Check for compatibility

Check, then re-enter correct Special Function code. Refer to

Check, then re-enter correct HP-IB code. This error causes a Require Service message to be sent on the

HP-IB. Refer to Table

Special Functions.

of

functions selected.

3-4

and accompanying text.

Service Errors

Refer to paragraph

8-1

2,

Service Errors.

3-50

Model

89033

Operation

Filters

(High-Pass, Bandpass, Low-Pass)

Description

Procedure

Example

The optional plug-in high-pass and weighting bandpass, and the LP (low-pass) FILTER keys cause the respective filters to be inserted into the audio signal path. The filters limit the measurement bandwith. The high-pass and bandpass filters are inserted before the notch filter (control of the notch filter is covered in the filters are inserted after the notch filter. When in use, the high-pass, bandpass and low-pass filters always affect the signal at the MONITOR output.

Select the desired signal filters by pressing the appropriate keys. Only one high-pass bandpass and one low-pass filter can be in use at a time. To turn a filter off, press the key

or

again (shown below) turn on the selected filter (defeating others in the group if on). To turn a high-pass/bandpass select the alternate filter in the pair.

To select the left high-pass

LOCAL

(keystrokes)

select another filter in the same group. HP-IB codes for the different filter keys

or

low-pass filter off via HP-IB, use code

or

bandpass filter and the

r

High-Pass Filter

HIGH

PASS

B

(program

codes)

High-Pass Filter

Notch

7

Tune

discussion). The low-pass

HO

30

kHz low-pass filter:

7

Low-Pass

LOW

Filter7

PASS

B

!f-

Low

-Pass

or

LO respectively,

F

i

I

ter

or

Indications

Comments

Program Program

High-Pass/Bandpass Filter Code Low-Pass Filter

Both

off

(750

kHz low-pass)

Left High-Pass Right High-Pass or Bandpass Filter H2 Low Pass

When a filter is activated (by either automatic filter key will light.

Two plug-in positions within the instrument permit the Distortion Analyzer to be configured with various high-pass blies include a and CCITT, CCIR, CCIR/ARM, These weighting bandpass filters are all psophometric in nature; each filter characteristic approximates the response of human hearing according to separately established standards.

These optional plug-in filter assemblies may be inserted in either the left-most key position, according to the filter option number.

or

Bandpass Filter

and

band-pass filter combinations. The optional plug-in filter assem-

400

Hz High-Pass (used

to

filter out

“A”

Weighting, and C-Message Weighting Bandpass Filters.

Low Pass

or

manual selection), the

50/60

30

kHz

80

kHz

LED

Hz

hum, and squelch signals),

Code

@@

L2

within that

or

right-most

3-51

Operation

Model

89033

Comments (cont’d)

Filters

(cont’d)

(High-Pass, Bandpass, Low-Pass)

Filter

400

Hz

high pass

CClTT

CClR

weighting bandpass filter

weighting

bandpass filter

C-Message weighting bandpass filter

CCIR/ARM

“A

weighting bandpass filter

Left-Most Key Position

Filter Option Number

01

0

01

1

01

2

01

3

01

4

01

5

Right-Most Key Position

Filter Option Number

050

051

052 053

054

055

The selected filters are always in the path of the audio signal.

3

dB

With all filters off, the

The high-pass

or

bandpass filters affect the signal being counted however, the low-pass

measurement bandwidth

filters do not. Repeating the HP-IB command

is

approximately

to

turn on a specific fdter has no effect (that

10

Hz

to

750

is, the filters cannot be toggled on and off using the same HP-IB command).

The individual filter characteristics are given in Table

1-1,

Specifications

and in Table

Supplemental Information.

kHz.

1-2,

The optional, weighting bandpass plug-in filter assemblies weights the frequency response of the Distortion Analyzer as shown in their respective curve plots.

t15

t10

t5

0

-5

-10

I

m

0

-15

-

Y

Y)

-20

z

0

a.

Y)

W

-25

a

-30

-35

-40

-45

-50

-55 10

FREQUENCY

(Hz)

3-52

CCITT

and

400

Hz High-Pass Filter Plot

Model

89033

Operation

t15

+lo

t5

0

-5

-10

-15

-20

-25

-30

-35

-40

-45

-50

-55

10

Filters

(cont’d)

(High-Pass, Bandpass, Low-Pass)

FREOUENCY

(Hz)

m

0

-

W

u)

z

0

n

In

W

a

CCIR and CCIRIARM Weighting Filter Plot

FREQUENCY

“A”

Weighting and “C”-Message Weighting Filter Plot

(HZ)

3-53

Operation

Model

89033

Related Sections

AC

Level Distortion Distortion Level

SINAD

Filters

(High-Pass, Bandpass, Low-Pass)

(cont’d)

3-54

Model

89033

Operation

Float

Description

Procedure

Comments

To minimize measurement errors caused by ground loops, the analyzer input can be floated. Floating the input improves rejection of low frequency and common mode signals (for example, line-related hum and noise). The front-panel FLOAT switch determines whether the input is floating balanced.

To avoid the possibility without Option

of

the BNC INPUT connector when the FLOAT switch

Do

not apply more than

or

single-ended. When in the float mode, the analyzer input

of

hazardous shock on standard instruments (those

001))

do not apply more than

300

Vrms (either differential, common-mode,

42V

peak to the outer conductor

is

in

the FLOATposition.

or

is

fully

a

combination) to the INPUT connector(s).

To float the analyzer input, set the FLOAT switch to the FLOAT position. In the float mode the center conductor is the High Input, and the

is

that grounded position) the outer conductor is connected directly to chassis ground.

The INPUT BNC connector allows the attachment mode, which minimizes electromagnetic interference (EMI). This is important if the Distortion Analyzer

isolated from chassis ground. In the single-ended mode (the FLOAT switch in the

is

operated near a transmitter,

or

in

the presence

outer

conductor is the Low Input

of

a shielded cable in the single-ended

of

large RF signals.

When the FLOAT switch

is

connected

If

EM1 shielding BNC-to-banana adapters are supplied with the instrument output of the banana connector to the center conductor of the BNC connector. These adapters are normally used when the FLOAT switches are set in the FLOAT position.

to

chassis ground.

is

to

dual banana with standard 3h-inch spacing. The adapters connect the conductor

DEVICE

FNDER

is

in the grounded position, the outer conductor of the connector

not critical, banana-type connectors can be used. For Option

to

convert the BNC input and

8903E

TEST,

001)

two

Effect

of

Multipoint Ground System (FLOAT Switch Closed)

3-55

Operation Model

89033

Comments

(cont’d)

Float

One major source of

or

when making low distortion measurements

above illustrates a typical measurement setup using the Distortion Analyzer. In the figure

the system common line

chassis two physically separate ground points are seldom flow in the system common line. Due line, the current causes a voltage drop. This voltage drop (a common mode voltage) sums with the signal under measurement and can cause erroneous readings. Grounding the system common line ground loops. Floating the Distortion Analyzer input circuitry isolates the outer conductor

of

are grounded only through the device under test. Note that the system common line is now grounded at a single point.

of

the Distortion Analyzer and the common point

at

the Distortion Analyzer from chassis ground. Thus, the Distortion Analyzer input circuits

error

which must be considered when measuring low level ac signals

is

connected

a

single point minimizes the effect of common mode voltages caused by

(cont’d)

is

error introduced by ground loops. The figure

to

chassis

to

conductor resistance

or

at

earth ground at two separate points: the

of

the device under test. Since

the same ground potential, current will

(RC)

in the system common

3-56

Model

89033

Operation

Description

Procedure

Hold

The position of the decimal point in the right display can be held in a specific location by using Special Function

To hold the decimal point in the right display to a specific position, enter the corresponding

HP-IB program code.

Decimal

Hold Position

Automatic Selection

DDDD. DDD.D

DD.DD

D.DDD

0.DDDD DD.DD

D.DDD

0.DDDD

'The decimal point does not appear on the display. It is

shown to establish the position it would appear in the numeric value

"The zero does not appear on the display. It is shown

to clarify the position of the decimal point.

V

Range*

V

Range

V

Range

V

Range

V

Range"

rnV

mV

rnV

of

Range Range

Range"

the readout.

Decimal

(Special Function

4.

I

Program

Code

1-

4.0SP

4.1 SP

4.2SP

4.3SP

4.4SP

4.5SP

4.6SP

4.7SP

4.8SP

I

Point

4)

Example

Program

Codes

Indications

Comments

Related Sections

To hold the decimal point after the first digit of a mV Range (D.DDD mV):

4.7SP

Code

1

-L

(program

For HP-IB codes refer to

As the program code

in the left display. The right display will show the amplitude with the decimal held in the

position requested. The left display provides the normal information associated with the

selected measurement mode.

It

is possible

that exceeds the resolution of the instrument. For example, in the dc level measurement

.mode,

decimal point will always be zeros, and are not significant digits in the amplitude readout.

Automatic Operation Special Functions

codes)

4.7SP

Procedure

is

entered, both displays will blank, and the entered code will flash

to

use the Hold Decimal Point Special Function to set the display for a readout

will set the display

above.

to

a mV range. In this case, the three digits following the

Function

3-57

Operation Model 89033

Description

Procedure

Example

Program Code

Indications

Hold

(Special Function

The Hold Settings Special Function is used settings for the input level ranges, the post-notch gain, the decimal point position, and the notch tuning.

To hold the presently selected settings for the functions above, enter the HP-IB program code 9.OSP.

To

hold the present settings

(program

For

As the program code is entered, both displays will blank, and the entered code will appear in the left display. The displays will then show the normal readings for the currently selected measurement mode.

codes)

HP-IB code, refer to

Example

Settings

9)

to

freeze the instrument in the presently selected

of

the specified functions:

TT

CodeJ

above.

9.OSP

LFunction

Comments

Using Special Function 9 is the HP-IB bus:

l.N Input Level Range (Except

2.N

Input Level Range

3.N Post-Notch Gain

4.N

Hold Decimal Point (Right Display Only)

6.1

Hold Notch Tuning

For

Special Functions 1 through

to

Special

for

6.0

SP

instrument is using Display (refer

Note that using the Hold Settings Special Function can cause inaccurate measurements under some circumstances.

Once settings have been held by the Hold Settings Special Function, one can be reset to their automatic modes by issuing the Special Function code. tuning mode. Use

Automatic Operation Special Functions

equivalent to entering the following special functions through

DC

Level)

(DC

Level Only)

4,

N is set equal to the currently selected value that the

that function. These values can be read by using the Special Special

Functions).

or

more of them

0

suffix code

As

an example, Hold Settings places the instrument in hold notch

to re-enter the automatic notch tuning mode.

of

the corresponding

3-58

Model

89033

Operation

Description

Procedure

Indications

HP-lB

(Special Function

Address

21)

The Distortion Analyzer’s present HP-IB address can be displayed by using the front-panel

S

(Shift) LCL keys (for the decimal display). This display

left display)

“NN”

address set at the factory using Special Function

(in the right display), where

is

28 (11100

21.

Information on Special Function

in binary). The HP-IB address can also be displayed

“NN”

is

of the form “Addr=” (in the

is

the HP-IB decimal address. The

21

is

found in

Comments,

below.

To display the HP-IB address in decimal, key in the S (Shift) LCL keys.

To display the HP-IB address in decimal:

LOCAL

(keystrokes)

Assuming the same address, the following will be displayed

-

A5

-

0

0 0

0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

-

A

Address Switches

-

A4

A3

-

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0 1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

1 1

1

1 1

1

-

list of the allowable addresses for the Distortion Analyzer

-

A2

-

A1

Talk Address

Char-

acter

-

Listen Address Character

-

Decimal Equiva

lent

-

Address Switches

A5

-

0 0

1 0 0

0

0 1

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

0

1

@

A

B

C

D

E

F G H

I

J

K

L

M

N

0

0 1 2 3

4

5 6

7

8 9

10 11 12 13 14 15

1

1 1

1

1 1 1 1 1

1

...

......

.

::5qp$

. .

...

(...

.

...

,

..Ip

.+:.:.:

.:.:.:.:,

,:..../

.........

:x

.....

1 1

-

is

given below:

I

Talk Address Character

I

Listen Decimal Address Equiva Char- lent

acter

Program

Codes

For HP-IB codes refer to the Program Code table under

Comments

following.

3-59

Operation Model

89033

Comments

HP-IB

The HP-IB address display since the result of changing a switch setting information on setting the this

manual.

L

bits

To

clear the display (from the instrument front panel), press the LCL key, then any function

key. The instrument reverts to the new measurement mode.

The HP-IB address can can only be executed via HP-IB, the instrument’s HP-IB address must be known prior its use. The primary value of using

be

can

To display the HP-IB address via HP-IB, key in the appropriate follows:

Display

Format

The factory-set address

are

set

to

0.

displayed.

Address

(Special

HP-IB

The S bit powers up at

also

Function

is

continuously updated. This makes setting the address easy

address of the Distortion Analyzer, refer to Section 2 of

is,

as

be displayed via Special Function

HP-IB

is

(cont’d)

21)

is

immediately visible on the display. For

shown in the examples, decimal 28. The T and

0.

21.

Since Special Functions

that

the

status

of the Require Service message

HP-IB

program code as

to

21.0

Binary Decimal

As

the program code is entered, is entered, the top row measurement key lights and annunciators Special Function where

AAAAA

of the form TLS where the T, L, and following page.

was

entered, the left display will show a binary number of the form

is

the HP-IB address in binary. The right display will show a binary number

T

NOT NOT NOT

0

’

If T and L are both 1, the instrument is set

A

digits are set to 1 and T is the status byte only). is not installed.) If the statement “Addr=” and the right display will show the decimal value HP-IB address

TALK LISTEN REQUESTING

ONLY ONLY SERVICE

TALK LISTEN REQU ESTlNG

ONLY ONLY SERVICE

(If

all digits

21.1

(28

if it has not been changed).

SP

21.1

SP

it

will appear on the left display. When the HP-IB code

will

S

have the meaning indicated in the table on the

L

1,

the instrument will be in

W.TL

Special Function was entered, the left display will show the

S

to

talk only (talk overrides listen). If all the

talk

status only (that is, output

are 1 but

S

is

0,

the Remote Interface board

turn off.

of

If

the

AAAAA

the instrument’s

21.0

3-60

Remote Operation, Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus Special Functions

Model 89033 Operation

Description

Procedure

Example

Input

In all measurement modes the input level range can be set to a desired range by using Special Function formode only. Refer

operation mode, the input level range is determined by both the dc and ac level (if there

is one)

To

the corresponding HP-IB program code.

To

of

the input signal.

set the input level range to a selected range,

Input

Level

(Full

Automatic Selection

300V

64V 16V

4V

set the input level range to the 16V range:

Level

2.N

Range

Scale)

range range

range

Range

(Special Function

through HP-IB. The following discussion describes this function

to

Input Level Range (Except

Input

Attenuation

40 24

12

0

dB dB dB dB

(DC

Level)

2)

DC

Level)

or

to re-enter the automatic selection mode,

Program

HP-IB

2.0SP

2.1 SP

2.2SP

2.3SP

2.4SP

for additionthe automatic

Code

Program

Codes

a

Indications

Comments

Code

(program

For HP-IB codes, refer to

As

blanks out. to show the input signal frequency after the HP-IB code

When the Distortion Analyzer powers up, input level range is placed in the automatic selection mode.

If the input level range

detector to trip,

Manually selecting the gain Measurement accuracy is not specified whenever the gain manually selected because the selected gain setting may be less than optimum. It to note that error messages indicating invalid measurements due to incorrect gain settings are not generated unless overload conditions occur. Automatic operation ensures accurate measurements for all combinations

Automatic Operation

DC

Input Level Range (Except Monitor Special Functions

codes)

the program code

Note

that for all measurement modes except dc level, the left display will return

Error

Level

Procedure

is

entered,

is

set such that the input signal level causes the input overload

30 will be displayed.

of

DC

above.

it

will flash on the left display, which then temporarily

the input level circuitry can cause measurement error.

of

input signals and measurement modes.

Level)

YL

or

when Automatic Operation is selected, the

F

unction

is

entered.

of

the input level circuitry is

is

important

3-61

Operation Model

89033

Description

Procedure

Input Level Range (Except

(Special Function

In all measurement modes the input level range can be set

1

.NN

Special Function

through HP-IB. The following discussion describes this function for

function for all measurement modes except

(DC

Leuel)

for additional information. The input circuitry consists

1)

DC

Level)

to

a desired range by using

Level mode. Refer to

Input

of

Leuel

a programmable

Range

attenuator and two programmable amplifiers. In automatic operation mode, the gain of the attenuator-amplifier section of the input is automatically set according to the level of the input signal.

To

set the input level range to a selected range

or

to re-enter the automatic selection mode,

enter the corresponding HP-IB program code.

Input Level Range

(Full

Scale)

Automatic Selection

300V

189V 119v

75.4v

47.6V

30.0V

18.9V 1 1.9v

7.54v

4.76V

3.00V

1.89V

1.19v

0.754V

0.476V

0.300V

0.1 89V

0.119v

0.0754V

Program

Code

1 .OSP

1.15p

1.25p

1.35p

1.45p

1.55p

1.65p

1.75p

1.85p

1.95p

1.1OSP

1.11SP

1.1 2SP

1.13SP

1.14SP

1.1 5SP

1.1 6SP

1.17SP

1.1 8SP

1.1 9SP

Example

Program Code

e

Indications

3

-62

To

set the input level range to the

(program

For

As

codes)

HB-IB codes, refer to

the program code

is

Procedure

entered, it will appear on the left display. The display returns to

show the input signal frequency.

30.0V

above.

range:

1.6SP

Code

-7-Z-Function

Model

89033

Operation

Input Level Range (Except

Comments

DC

(Special

When the Distortion Analyzer the input level range

set such that the input signal level creates an overrange condition, an error message will

be displayed. The error message generated depends on instrument settings

signal level. causes the input overload detector to trip,

of

the error messages, refer to

Manually selecting the gain Measurement accuracy manually selected because the selected gain setting may be less than optimum. to note that error messages indicating invalid measurements due to incorrect gain settings

are not generated unless overload conditions occur. Automatic operation ensures accurate

measurements

AC Level Automatic Operation

Input Level Range (DC Level) Monitor

Special Functions

For

for

is

placed in the automatic selection mode.

example,

all combination

if

is

not specified whenever the gain

Function

is

first powered up

the input level range is set such that the input signal level

Error

Message

of

the input level circuitry can cause measurement error.

of

input signals and measurement modes.

1)

Error

Summary.

Level)

or

when Automatic Operation is selected,

30

will be displayed. For a complete listing

of

(Cont’d)

If

the input level range is

and

the input

the input level circuitry is

It

is

important

3-63

Operation Model

Monitor

89033

Description

Block Diagram

/-INPUT STAGE GAIN- /-POST NOTCH GAIN

(INPUrl)

::

The MONITOR output provides a means of monitoring the ac signal into the output detector. The auto-ranging MONITOR output level is normally a

is

proportional

a

scaled representation of the ac component of the input signal. In SINAD, distortion, and

to

the input signal. In ac level and dc level the MONITOR output provides

0.3

to

3

Vrms

signal which

rms

distortion level the MONITOR output provides a scaled representation of the input signal with the fundamental removed. The output is dc coupled with a

600R

output impedance, and a BNC female connector. The MONITOR output can be used to drive other instruments, such

A

simplified block diagram

relationships between the MONITOR output and the other circuit blocks

as

an oscilloscope, wave analyzer,

of

the Distortion Analyzer measurement circuits illustrating the

or

spectrum analyzer for further analysis.

is

shown below.

The MONITOR output block diagram illustrates the signal path from the INPUT to the

is

that

of

MONITOR output. The diagram

a programmable gain amplifier with a tunable notch filter. In ac level and dc level, the notch filter is bypassed. In SINAD, distortion, and distortion level the notch filter

is

switched into the signal path, removing the fundamental

frequency.

-\

INTERNAL

PLUG-IN

INPUT

ATTENUATOR

w

HP/EP PROGRAUABLE

FILTERS

NOTCH GAIN AUPLIFIER

PROGRAUABLE

GAIN AUPLIFIER

test

Comments

INPUT

AWPLIF IER

Monitor Output

Block

Diagram

FILTERS

)I

-

OUTPUT RUWAVG DETECTOR

The MONITOR output gain and sensitivity (that is, the net signal gain from the INPUT to the MONITOR output) are dependent on the input stage gain and the post-notch gain.

can

Both the input stage gain and the post-notch gain

Special Display (refer

to

Special

Functions).

be determined by viewing the Special

The input stage gain, and post-notch gain for various instrument settings are listed in the tables below.

3-64

Model

89033

Operation

Comments (Cont’d)

Special Special

Display

1.”

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.8

1.9

1.10

1.11

1.12

1.13

1.14

1.15

1.16

1.17

1.18

1.19

Monitor

(Cont’d)

INPUT STAGE GAIN (Except dc)

Input level

Gain

Range

300V 189V 119v

75.4v

47.6V

30.0V

18.9V

11.9v

7.54v

4.76V

3.00V

1.89V

1.19v

0.754V

0.476V

0.300V

0.1 89V

0.119v

0.0754V

-40

-36

-32

-28

-24

-20

-1

6

-1

2

-8

-4

0

+4 +8

+12

$1

6

+20

+24

+28 +32

0.01

0.01 58

0.0251

0.0398

0.0631

0.1

000

0.1 585

0.251 2

0.3981

0.631 1-00

1.58

2.51

3.98

6.31

10.00

15.85

25.1 2

39.81

00

0

I

POST-NOTCH GAIN

I

Special Special

Display

3.N

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

Log

(dB)

0

+20 +40 +60

Linear

1

10 100 1000

The measurement system net gain equals the combined gain of the two stages. To calculate the net gain use the following formulas:

Net Gain (LOG) = Input Stage Gain (LOG) + Post-Notch Gain (LOG)

or

Net Gain (LIN) = Input Stage Gain (LIN) X Post-Notch Gain (LIN)

In ac level the MONITOR output is a scaled replica output level

VOut

=

Vi,,

is

calculated

X

as:

Net Gain

of

the input signal. The MONITOR

where

Vi”

is

the input signal level and the linear net gain is used.

3-65

Agilent 8903E Operator Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

INTRODUCTION

Power Requirements

General

Local Operation

Simplified Operation

Address Recognition

Sending the Data Message

Require Service Message

Detector Selection

Float