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a
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HP
8903E
Distortion Analyzer
Operation and
Calibration Manual
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Techno
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HP
8903E
DISTORTION
(Including
SERIAL
This manual applies directly to instruments with
serial numbers prefixed
For additional important information about serial
numbers, see
Section
Instruments Covered
1.
First Edition
ANALYZER
Option
NUMBERS
2507A
and
001)
2516A.
by
Manual
in
@HEWLET-PACKARD COMPANY
EAST 24001 MISSION AVENUE, TAF C-34, SPOKANE, WASHINGTON,
Operation and Calibration Manual Part
Operation and Calibration Manual Microfiche Part
No.
08903-90053
No.
90069
1985
USA.,
99220
Printed:
JULY 1985
1
Regulatory
Information
(Updated
March
1999)
1
Regulatory Information
Safety Considerations
GENERAL
This product and related documentation must be reviewed for familiarization with safety
markings and instructions before operation.
(Updated
March
1999)
This product has been designed and tested in accordance with
"Safety Requirements for Electronic Measuring Apparatus," and has been supplied in a
safe condition. This instruction documentation contains information and warnings which
must be followed by the user to ensure safe operation and
condition.
SAFETY
A
uninterruptible safety earth ground must be provided from the main power source
product input wiring terminals, power cord, or supplied power cord set.
practice, or the like, which, if not correctly performed or adhered to,
could result in personal
sign until the indicated conditions are
can occur if indicated operating limits are exceeded.
note denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure,
injury.
Do
not proceed beyond a
fulls
IEC
Pubhation
to
maintain the product in a safe
WARNING
understood and met.
101
0,
to
the
CAUTION
A CAUTION note denotes a hazard.
procedure, practice, or the like, which, if not correctly performed or adhered
to, could result in damage
not proceed beyond an CAUTION note until the indicated conditions are fully
understood and met.
to
or
It
calls attention to an operation
destruction
of
part
or
all of the product.
Do
2
Chapter
1
Safety Considerations for this Instrument
Regulatory Information (Updated
March
1999)
WARNING
This product is a Safety Class I instrument (provided with a
protective earthing ground incorporated in the
power
cord). The
mains plug shall only be inserted in a socket outlet provided with a
protective earth contact. Any interruption of the protective
instrument must be made inoperative and be secured against any
unintended operation.
If
this instrument is to be energized
voltage reduction), make sure the common terminal is connected
the earth terminal
If
this product
of
is
not used
the power source.
as
specified, the protection provided by
via
an auto transformer (for
to
the equipment could be impaired. This product must be used in a
normal condition (in which all means for protection are intact) only.
No
operator serviceable parts in this product. Refer servicing to
qualified personnel. To prevent electrical shock, do not remove
covers.
Servicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel only.
To
avoid electrical shock, do not perform any servicing unless you are
qualified to do
so.
The opening of covers
dangerous voltages. Disconnect the product from
while
it
is
being opened.
The power cord is connected to internal capacitors that
live
for 5 seconds after disconnecting the plug from its power supply.
or
removal of parts
is
likely to expose
all
voltage sources
my
remain
For Continued protection against fire hazard, replace the line fuse(s)
only with
example, normal blow
250
V
fuse(s)
or
the same current rating and type
or
time delay). Do not use repaired fuses or
(for
short circuited fuseholders.
Always use the three-prong ac power cord supplied with this
product. Failure to ensure adequate earth grounding by not using
this cord may cause product damage.
This product
Pollution Degree
INDOOR
is
USE
designed
2
per
ONLY.
for
IEC
use in Installation Category
1010
and
IEC
664
respectively.
I1
and
FOR
This product has autoranging line voltage input, be sure the supply
voltage
is
within the specified range.
Chapter
1
3
Regulatory Information
(Updated
To
prevent electrical shock, disconnect instrument
before cleaning, Use a dry cloth or
to clean the external case
Ventilation Requirements: When installing the product in a cabinet,
the convection into and out
The ambient temperature (outside the cabinet) must be less than the
maximum operating temperature of the product by
watts dissipated in the cabinet. If the total power dissipated in the
cabinet
used.
Product Markings
March
1999)
is
greater than
from
one
slightly dampened with water
parts.
800
Do
not attempt
of
the product must not be restricted.
to
clean internally.
4"
C
for every
watts, then forced convection must be
mains (line)
100
CE - the CE mark
accompanied
CSA - the
by a year indicated the year the design was proven.
CSA
mark
is a
registered trademark
is
a
registered trademark
of
the European Community. A CE mark
of
the
Canadian Standards Association.
Chapter
1
Model
89033
Safety Considerations
SAFETY
GENERAL
This product and related documentation must be reviewed for familiarization with safety markings and
instructions before operation.
This product is a Safety Class I instrument (provided
with a protective earth terminal).
BEFORE APPLYING POWER
Verify that the product is set to match the available
is
line voltage and the correct fuse
SAFETY EARTH GROUND
An uninterruptible safety earth ground must be provided from the main power source to the product input
wiring terminals, power cord,
set.
SAFETY SYMBOLS
Instruction manual symbol: the product will
be marked with this symbol when it
is necessary for the user to refer to the instruction
manual (refer to Table of Contents).
Indicates hazardous voltages.
f
Indicates earth (ground) terminal.
The WARNING sign denotes a
hazard.
procedure, practice, or the like, which,
performed
jury.
the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.
or
adhered to, could result in personal in-
Do
not proceed beyond a WARNING sign until
It
installed.
or
supplied power cord
calls attention to a
if
CONSIDERATIONS
not correctly
Any interruption of the protective (ground-
or
ing) conductor (inside
or
ment)
terminal will cause a potential shock hazard
that could result in personal injury. (Grounding one conductor of a two conductor outlet
is not sufficient protection).
Whenever it is likely that the protection has
been impaired, the instrument must be made
inoperative and be secured against any unintended operation.
If this instrument is to be energized via
autotransformer (for voltage reduction) make
sure the common terminal is connected to the
earth terminal of the power source.
Servicing instructions are for use by service-
trained personnel only.
electric shock, do not perform any servicing
unless qualified to
Adjustments described
formed with power supplied to the instrument
while protective covers are removed. Energy
available at many points may,
sult in personal injury.
Capacitors inside the instrument may still be
charged even if the instrument has been disconnected from its source of supply.
disconnecting the protective earth
do
outside the instru-
To
avoid dangerous
so.
in
the manual are per-
if
contacted, re-
an
The CAUTION sign denotes a hazard.
It
calls attention to an
operating procedure, practice, or the like, which,
correctly performed
or
age to
not proceed beyond a CAUTION sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.
destruction of part or all
or
adhered to, could result in dam-
of
the product.
if
not
Do
For
continued protection against fire hazard,
replace the line fuse(s) only with
of the same current rating and type (for example, normal blow, time delay, etc.).
or
repaired fuses
fuseholders.
short circuited
250V
Do
fuse(s)
not use
...
111
Safety Considerations Model
ATTENTION
Static Sensitive
Devices
89033
This instrument was constructed
charge) protected environment. This is because most of the semi-
in
conductor devices used
by static discharge.
Depending on the magnitude of the charge, device substrates can
or
be punctured
charge. The results can cause degradation of device performance,
early failure,
These charges are generated
tact, separation of materials, and normal motions of persons
working with static sensitive devices.
When handling
devices, adequate precautions must be taken to prevent device dam-
age
or
destruction.
Only those who are thoroughly familiar with industry accepted
techniques for handling static sensitive devices should attempt to
service circuitry with these devices.
In all instances, measures must be taken to prevent static charge
build-up on work surfaces and persons handling the devices.
For further information on ESD precautions, refer to “SPECIAL
HANDLING CONSIDERATIONS FOR STATIC SENSITIVE
DE VICES”
destroyed by contact
or
immediate destruction.
or
in
Section VIII Service Section.
this instrument are susceptible to damage
in
servicing equipment containing static sensitive
in
an ESD (electro-static dis-
or
mere proximity of a static
numerous ways such
as
simple con-
iv
Model
8903E
CONTENTS
Table
of
Contents
VOLUME
Section
GENERAL INFORMATION
Introduction
Specifications
Safety Considerations
Instruments Covered by Manual
Serial Numbers
Options
Manual Changes Supplement
Audio Testing
Balanced Input
Transceiver Testing
Systems
Options
Electrical Options
Electrical Option
Internal Plug-in Filter Options
Mechanical Options
Front Handle Kit (Option
Rack Flange Kit (Option
Rack Flange and Front Handle
Combination Kit (Option
Hewlett-Packard Interface
BUS (HP-IB)
Compatibility
Selecting the HP-IB Address
Accessories Supplied
Electrical Equipment Available
HP-IB Controllers
Front-to-Rear-Panel Connectors
Retrofit Kit
Rear-to-Front-Panel Connectors
Retrofit Kit
Mechanical Equip
Available
Chassis Slide Mount Kit
Chassis Tilt Slide Mount Kit
Recommended Test Equipment
Principles of Operation for
Simplified Block Diagram
Voltmeter and Notch Filter
Counter
Voltage Measurement
Input Frequency Measurement
Controller
Basics of Audio
AC Level
Frequency
DC Level
Signal Impurities
Distortion
SINAD
.....................
............
.............................
..............................
.............................
................................
..........................
......................................
........................................
.............................
001
........................
...........................
908)
.................................
.............................
.............................
................................
.....................................
.......................
.
......................................
........................
.
.
.......................
....................................
....................................
..............
........
1
1
..........
.....................
..................
......
.................
.................
................
907)
...............
................
909)
...................
...................
...............
.
...................
.........
................
..................
.........
..............
............
........
.
...
Page
.
1-1
1-1
1-1
1-1
.
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-3
1-3
1-3
1-3
1-3
1-3
1-4
1-4
1-4
1-4
1-4
1-4
1-4
1-4
1-4
1-4
1-4
1-6
1-6
1-6
1-6
1-6
1-7
1-8
1-8
1-9
1-9
1-9
Section
INSTALLATION
2
................................
................................
Preparation for Use
Power Requirements
Line Voltage and Fuse Selection
Power Cables
HP-IB Address Selection
Interconnections
Mating Connectors
General
Operatingg Characteristics
Turn-On Procedure
Local Operation
Simplified Operation
Panel Features
Detailed Operating Instructions
Supplemental Information
Remote Operation (HP-IB)
Operator’s Checks
Basic Functional Checks
HP-IB Functional Checks
Operator’s Maintenance
Operator’s Checks
Basic Functional Checks
Preliminary Check
Filter Check
Distortion
SINAD Check
DC Level Check
HP-IB Functional Checks
Address Recognition
Remote and Local Messages and the LCL Key
Sending the Data Message
Receiving the Data Message
Local Lockout and Clear
Lockout/Set Local M
Clear Message
Abort Message
Status Byte Message
Require Service Message
Trigger Message and Clear
Key Triggering
....................................
.......................
......................................
.............................
...........................
................
.................................
.......................
..............................
............................
.........................
..........................
........................
..............................
...............................
...........................
.................................
.............
...............
Section
OPERATION
3
......... .........
............................
...............................
.........................
.......................
........
....................
.........
.............................
.....................
....................
........................
...............................
........
...........
................................
.................................
.............................
...........................
.....................
........................
..................
.................
...............
.......
.............................
.......................
....................
...........................
Page
.
2-1
2.1
2-1
2-1
2-1
2-1
2-2
2-4
2-4
2-4
2-4
2-4
2-5
2-5
2-5
2-5
2-5
3-1
3-1
3-1A
3-1
3-2
3-2
3-2
3-2
3-2
3-2
3-8
3-9
3-10
3-10
3-10
3-11
3-11
3-12
3-13
3-13
3-13
3-14
3-15
3-16
3-17
3-17
V
Table
of
Contents
Model
89033
Remote Operation, Hewlett-Packard
Interface Bus
HP-IB Compatibility
...........................
.
.
............
.......................
....................
Local Mode
Local Capability
Remote-to-Local Mode Changes
Addressing
Local Lockout
Data Messages
Receiving the Data Message
Listen Only
Data Input Format
Program Codes
Turning Off Functions
Programming Numeric Data
General Numeric Data Input Format
Triggering Measurements with the
Data Message
Special Considerations for
Triggered Operation
Reading Data from the Right
or Left Display
Program Order Considerations
Sending the Data Message
Talk Only Mode
Talk Status Only Mode
Data Output Format
Data Output Format
Error Output Format
Receiving the Clear Message
Receiving the Trigger Message
Receiving the Remote Message
Receiving the Local Message
Receiving the Local
Lockout Message
Receiving the Clear Lockout/Set
................
......................
.........
...............
........................
......................
..............
..........................
....................
.......................
............
...
.......................
..............
.....................
...............
......................
....
..................
..................
..............
.............
............
.
..........
.....................
Receiving the Pass Control Message
Sending the Require Service Message
Selecting the Service Request
Condition
Sending the Status Byte Message
Sending the Status Bit
Receiving the Abort Message
HP-IB Syntax and Characteristics
Summary
...................
.......................
.............
....
....................
CONTENTS
Page
-
3-19
3-19
3-19
3-19
........
........
.
...........
........
....
......
.....
3-19
3-19
3-19
3-19
3-21
3-21
3-21
3-22
3-22
3-23
3-23
3-24
3-24
3-25
3-25
3-25
3-25
3-26
3-26
3-26
3-26
3-26
3-26
3-27
3-29
(cont’d)
DETAILED OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
..........................
ion
......................
Common Mode
DC Level
Default Conditions and Power-up
Sequence
Detector Selection
Display Level in Watts
Distortion
Error Disable
Error Message Summary
Filters
Hold Settings
HP-IB Address
Input Level Range (DC Level)
Input Level Range (Except DC Level)
Monitor
Notch Tune
Post-Notch Detector Filtering
Post-Notch Gain
Rapid Frequency Count
RATIO and LOG/LIN
Read Display to HP-IB
Service Request Condition
SINAD
Special Functions
Time Between Measurements
Introduction
Equipment Required
Test Record
Calibration Cycle
Abbreviated Performance Testing
PERFORMANCE
AC Level Accuracy
DC Level Accuracy
Residual Distortion and Noise
Distortion and SINAD Accuracy
Frequency Accuracy and Sensitivity
Audio Filters
Input Impedance
Common-Mode Rejection Ratio
Performance Test Record
Adjustments, and Checks
Related Adjustments
ADJUSTMENTS
. .
. . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . .
Internal Reference Frequency
CONTENTS
. . . .
.
.
.
. .
. . . .
. . . . . .
.
.
. . . . . .
.
. . . . . . . . .
.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . .
. . .
. . .
. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . .
. .
. . . . .
. .
.
. . . .
. .
. .
.
. .
. . . . .
. . . . . .
.
. .
.
. .
Page
-
5-1
5-1
5-1
5-1
5-1
5-2
5-3
5-3
(cont’d)
Input Flatness
Common-Mode Rejection
Input DC Offset
400
Hz High-Pass and Weighting
Bandpass Filters
Notch Filter Tune and Balance
Voltmeter (Using
Controller)
Voltmeter (Not Requiring an HP-IB
Controller)
. . . . . . . . . . . .
. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . .
.
. . .
an
HP-IB
. . . .
.
. . .
.
. . .
. . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
. . .
.
.
. .
.
.
.
. . . . . . . .
. .
.
. . .
.
. .
. . .
. . . . .
. .
. .
. .
. . . . . . .
. .
. .
. . . .
. . . . . . . .
. . . .
. . . .
. . .
. . . .
.
. . . . . .
. . .
. .
. . . . . .
.
. .
. . .
. .
.
. .
5-4
5-8
.
5-9
5-10
5-12
5-13
5-16
vii
Model 89033
General Information
Section
GENERAL
1-1.
INTRODUCTION
This manual contains information required to install,
operate, test, adjust, and service the Hewlett-Packard
Model 89033 Distortion Analyzer. This manual documents options installed in the Distortion Analyzer
such as rear-panel connections and internal plug-in
filters.
This section of the manual describes the instruments
documented by the manual and covers instrument
description, options, accessories, specifications, and
other basic information. This section also contains
principles of operation on a simplified block diagram
level and basic information on audio measurements.
The other sections contain the following
information:
Section
initial inspection, preparation for use (including address selection for remote operation), and storage and
shipment.
Section
panel features, and includes operating checks, operating instructions
and maintenance information.
Section
tion required to check performance
against the critical specifications in Table
Section
required to properly adjust the instrument.
Section
formation for all replaceable parts and assemblies.
Section
modification, recommendations, and procedures.
Section
to repair the instrument.
Sections 1 through 5 are bound
Operation and Calibration Manual.
8
are bound in
ual.
Service Supplement,
Copies of the
the instrument unless specifically requested
915) at time
Calibration Manual
order. When option
2,
Installation:
3,
Operation:
for
4,
Performance Tests:
5,
Adjustments:
6,
Replaceable Parts:
7,
Instrument Changes:
8,
Service:
two
The
Service Manual
Service Manual
of
instrument order. The
provides information about
provides information about
both local
provides the information required
separate volumes, the
and
an
and
remote operation,
provides the informa-
of
the instrument
1
-
1.
provides the information
provides ordering in-
provides instrument
in
this volume, the
Sections 6 through
Service Man-
is comprised of
an
HP
8903E
HP 8903B Service Manual.
are not supplied with
(as
option
Operation and
is supplied with the instrument
915
is requested, the complete
1
INFORMATION
service manual (the
the
HP8903B Service Manual)
instrument order.
Copies of all volumes can be ordered through your
nearest Hewlett-Packard sales office. The part numbers are listed on the title page of this manual.
Also listed on the title page
the manual part number, is
This number may be used to order 100
(4
X
6
inch) microfilm transparencies of this manual.
Each microfiche contains up to
of the manual’s pages. The microfiche package also
includes the latest
ments, as well as all pertinent Service Notes.
1-2.
SPECIFICATIONS
Instrument specifications are listed in Table
These are the performance
which the instrument may be tested. Characteristics
listed under Supplemental Information, Table 1-2,
are not warranted specifications but are typical characteristics included as additional information for the
user.
1-3.
SAFETY
This product
provided with a protective earth terminal). The
Distortion Analyzer and all related documentation
must be reviewed for familiarization with safety markings and instructions before operation. Refer to the
Safety Considerations
of this manual for a summary of the safety informa-
tion. Safety information pertinent
(installation, performance testing, adjustment,
service) is found throughout the manual.
1-4.
INSTRUMENTS COVERED
Serial Numbers.
ial number in the form
on the serial number plate attached to the rear
the instrument. The first four digits and the letter
constitute the serial number prefix, and the last five
digits form the suffix. The prefix
identical instruments. It changes only when a change
is made to the instrument. The suffix, however, is
assigned sequentially and is different for each instrument. The contents of this manual apply directly to
instruments having the same serial prefix(es) as listed
under SERIAL NUMBERS on the title page.
HP
89033 Service Supplement
is
supplied with the
of
this manual, below
a
microfiche part number.
96
photo-duplicates
MANUAL
CHANGES
standards,
or
limits against
CONSIDERATIONS
is
a Safety Class I instrument (that is,
page found at the beginning
to
the task at hand
BY
MANUAL
This instrument has a two-part ser-
OOOOAOOOOO
which is stamped
is
the same for all
X
150 mm
supple-
and
1-1.
or
of
1-1
General Information
Model 89033
Options.
Electrical Option
001,
internal plug-in filter
options, and various mechanical options are documented in this manual. The differences are noted
under the appropriate paragraph such as
Section
1,
the Replaceable
Parts
List, and the sche-
Options
in
matic diagrams.
1-5.
MANUAL CHANGES SUPPLEMENT
An instrument manufactured after the printing of
this manual may have a serial prefix that is not listed
on the title page. An unlisted serial prefix indicates
that the instrument differs in some way from those
documented in this manual.
A
“Manual Changes Supplement”
manual
to
provide you with the most current change
is
shipped with this
information available at the time of shipment. In
to
addition
change information the supplement may
contain information for correcting errors in the
manual.
To keep this manual up
to
date and as accurate as
possible, Hewlett-Packard recommends that you periodically request the latest Manual Changes Supplement. The supplement is identified with the print
date and part number that appears on the title page.
Complimentary copies of the supplement are available
from Hewlett-Packard.
1-6.
DESCRIPTION
1-7.
General
The HP Model 89033 Distortion Analyzer
measurement system covering the frequency range
20Hz
to
100
kHz. The analyzer can perform
is
an audio
of
distortion analysis, frequency count, ac level, dc level,
and SINAD measurements. The Distortion Analyzer
reduces the number of instruments required in many
applications involving audio signal characterization.
The Distortion Analyzer is easy to use. All measure-
or
ments are selected by one
two keystrokes. For
distortion measurements, the Distortion Analyzer
automatically ranges to, and tunes to the input signal.
Measurement and output ranges are automatically
selected for optimum resolution and accuracy.
The combined capabilities of the instrument are enhanced by microprocessor control, resulting in more
capability than would be available from separate
instruments. For example, using the ratio key allows
100%
you to set a
OdB
or
reference for making
frequency response measurements. Microprocessor
control allows flexible and versatile display formats.
For example, ac level can be displayed in V, mV,
600Q2,
dBm into
watts,
referenced to an entered
or
as a ratio (in % ordB)
or
measured value.
Virtually all functions are remotely programmable
through the Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus (HP-IB)‘.
Programming
is
easy and straightforward. All meas-
urements are made through a single input. This elimi-
to
nates the need
switch between multiple inputs
under remote control and reduces software
development time and hardware costs. The Distortion
Analyzer measures the true rms level on all ac measurements. True rms measurements assure greater
accuracy when measuring complex waveforms and
noise. For those applications where average detection
is required, the analyzer can be switched to average
responding (rms calibrated) detection via a frontpanel key. Accurate distortion measurements typically
to
can be made
20
Hz
and
1-8.
Audio Testing
less than 0.003% (-9OdB) between
20
kHz.
The Distortion Analyzer has numerous features which
make audio testing simple and convenient. For
example, distortion results can be displayed in
ora.
volts, dBm into
can be displayed in
or
AC level measurements can be displayed in
600Q,
or
watts. Measurement results
%
or
dB
relative to a measured
entered value. Finding the 3dB points of filters
%
and amplifiers is simplified by using the relative
display feature. The Distortion Analyzer also features
is
20
bet-
Hz to
high accuracy. The internal Voltmeter flatness
0.5%
(0.05
dB)
ter than
20
kHz. Residual Distortion is typically 0.003% (-90
dB)
over the same range. See Figure
Balanced Input.
The Distortion Analyzer has a selec-
over the range of
1-1.
table balanced input configuration for testing bal-
anced devices. For example, in the quest for higher
output power, many audio amplifiers use bridged out-
put stages. Such amplifiers can be difficult
to
characterize because their outputs cannot be grounded. To
test these devices, the usual approach has been to
use a balanced, calibrated isolation transformer con-
an
nected to
analyzer with an unbalanced input. The
balanced input on the Distortion Analyzer make
transformers unnecessary. With the analyzer input
in the float position, connect the bridged device directly to the Distortion Analyzer
to
make
measurements.
HP-IB:
I
Not just
and support that delivers the shortest path to a measurement
system.
IEEE-488.
but the hardware, documentation
1-2
Model 89033
General Information
-70
E
w
-75
??
g
-80
U
6
-80
5
-a5
-
I-
a:
-90
--
..
.
Figure
FREQUENCY
1-1.
Typical Analyzer Residual
Distortion
1-9.
Transceiver Testing
The Distortion Analyzer has several measurements
and features specifically designed for transceiver test-
It
ing.
has SINAD measurements for receiver testing,
optional internal plug-in weighting filters for testing
to international standards, a reciprocal counter for
measuring squelch tones, and an optional internal
400
Hz
plug-in
high-pass filter for eliminating squelch
tones when measuring transmitter audio distortion.
SINAD is one of the most basic receiver measure-
ments.
sensitivity
the Distortion Analyzer, the SINAD measurement
It
must be made repeatedly when performing
or
adjacent-channel sensitivity tests. In
is
more heavily filtered than the distortion measurement
to
in order
receiver testing. The filtering
lent repeatability and speed
smooth the noisy signals encountered in
is
optimized for excel-
(2
readingslsecond
typ-
ical). Some automatic distortion analyzers have a
tendency to become untuned when measuring SINAD
on noisy signals. The Distortion Analyzer overcomes
this problem by providing a front panel key which
locks the notch filter at the input frequency.
SINAD ratios less than 25
can be used to round the digital display
cU3,
a Special Function
to
the nearest
For
0.5dl3 to reduce digit flicker.
For
accurate noise ratio measurements, the Distortion
rms
Analyzer uses true
detection for SINAD. Most
older instruments employ average detection which
reads low for noise. The discrepancy can be 1.5dT3
or greater and varies with the ratio being measured.
For
correlating results with past test data, the
Distortion Analyzer’s detector can be switched via a
front-panel key to an average responding
configuration.
For
transceivers, the Distortion Analyzer has an op-
tional, internal plug-in seven-pole
400
Hz
high-pass
filter for rejecting squelch tones. Rejection of squelch
tones up to
audio distortion measurements to
250
Hz
is
greater than
40
dl3.
Therefore,
1
%
residual
distortion can be made without disabling the transmitter squelch tones.
Under remote control, the Distortion Analyzer can
count burst tone sequences. Typically the maximum
count rate is 8 ms/reading.
1-10.
Systems
The Distortion Analyzer features capabilities for general systems applications. The distortion measurements are fully automatic, programmable, and fast.
The typical time to tune and return the first distortion
1.5
measurement is
2
readingslsecond thereafter. The residual
of
distortion of the analyzer is typically
seconds with a measurement rate
0.003%
(-90
dB)
between 20Hz and 20kHz.
Often, systems applications involve measuring low
level ac signals. The Distortion Analyzer features a
full range ac level display of 0.3000mV with an
accuracy of
>50 mV and from
4%
of reading
20
Hz to 20
(2%
of reading for levels
kHz).
The ac detector
is switchable between true rms and average respond-
3
dl3
ing detection. The
both detectors is greater than
measurement bandwidth for
500
kHz.
Since many systems have noise problems, the
80
Distortion Analyzer has both 30 and
filters
to
reject high frequency noise. In addition, the
optional internal plug-in
400
Hz
high-pass filter atten-
uates line-related hum and noise by more than 68
A
special binary programming mode is available in
kHz low-pass
dB.
remote operation. The rapid frequency count mode
provides a packed, four-byte output for fast counting
over HP-IB.
1-1 1.
OPTIONS
1-1
2.
Electrical Options
Electrical Option
001.
This option provides a rear-
panel (instead of front-panel) connection for the
INPUT and MONITOR connectors.
Internal Plug-in Filter Options.
The Distortion
Analyzer has two internal plug-in filter positions;
each position can be loaded with any one of six
its
optional filters. Each filter is referenced to
corre-
sponding filter position by one of two option numbers.
For
example, the
be ordered as Option
left-most filter position,
400
Hz High-Pass Filter Option can
010
which corresponds to the
or
as Option
050
which corresponds to the right-most filter position. These optional plug-in filters can be configured in any
combination desired.
If
there
is
no filter ordered
for
a position, a jumper wire is loaded and a label marked
1-3
General Information Model 89033
“No Filter” is placed above the filter key on the front
panel. The following list includes the name and option
Specific information on each plug-in filter option can
be found in the Detailed Operating Instructions in
3
Section
1-13.
The following options may have been ordered and
received with the Distortion Analyzer.
not ordered with the original shipment and are now
desired, they can be ordered from the nearest Hewlett-
Packard office using the part number included in
each
options are shown in Figure 1-2.
under “Filters”.
Mechanical Options
of
the following paragraphs. The mechanical
Front Handle Kit (Option
increased with the front-panel handles. Order HP
part number 5061-9689.
012,
907).
Ease of handling
052).
If
they were
is
the Distortion Analyzer, refer to Remote Operation,
Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus in Section 3 of this
manual.
1-16.
The
Distortion Analyzer. The switches represent a five-bit
binary number. This number represents the talk and
listen address characters which an HP-IB controller
is capable of generating. In addition, two more
switches allow the Distortion Analyzer to be set to
talk only
all HP-IB talk and listen addresses. Refer
Address
1-1
The accessories supplied with the Distortion Analyzer
are shown in Figure
Time delay fuses with a 1.5A rating for 100/120 Vac
operation
220/240 Vac operation
One fuse is installed in the instrument at the time
of shipment. The rating of the installed fuse is selected
according to the line voltage specified by the customer.
If
stalled fuse will be selected according to the country
of destination.
Selecting the HP-IB Address
HP-IB
7.
the voltage
address switches are located within the
or
listen only. A table in Section 2 shows
Selection in Section 2 of this manual.
ACCESSORIES SUPPLIED
1-2.
(HP
2110-0059) and a 0.75A rating for
(HP
2110-0018) are supplied.
is
not specified, the rating of the in-
to
HP-IB
Rack Flange Kit (Option
Analyzer can be solidly mounted to the instrument
rack using the flange kit. Order HP part number
506 1-9677.
908).
The Distortion
Rack Flange and Front Handle Combination Kit
(Option
rack flange kit packaged together; it
a unique part which combines both functions. Order
HP part number 5061-9683.
1-14.
909).
This
is
not a front handle kit and a
is
composed of
HEWLETT-PACKARD INTERFACE BUS
(HP-16)
1-15.
The Distortion Analyzer is compatible with HP-IB
to the extent indicated by the following code: SH1,
AH1, T5,
DT1, CO, El. The Distortion Analyzer interfaces
with the bus via open collector TTL circuitry. An
explanation of the compatibility code can be found
in IEEE Standard 488, “IEEE Standard Digital
Interface for Programmable Instrumentation”
identical ANSI Standard MC1.l. For more detailed
information relating to programmable control of
Compatibility
TEO,
L3, LEO, SR1, RL1,
PPO,
DC1,
or
the
For Option
adapters (HP 5021-0844) are also supplied for use
when double-ended inputs
conductor of the banana jack is connected to the
center conductor
These adapters are used when the front-panel INPUT
or
OUTPUT FLOAT switches are set to FLOAT.
1-18.
(Also refer to Service Accessories, Table 1-4.)
1-1
9.
The Distortion Analyzer has an HP-IB interface and
can be used with any HP-IB compatible computing
controller
applications.
1-20.
001
only,
two
type BNC-to-banana-plug
or
outputs are desired. The
of
the BNC adapter connector.
ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AVAILABLE
HP-I6 Controllers
or
computer for automatic systems
Front-to-Rear-Panel Connectors
Retrofit Kit
This kit contains all the necessary components and
full instructions for converting instruments with
front-panel connections for INPUT and MONITOR
to
rear-panel connections. Order
08903-60177. After installation and calibration, performance will be identical
to
the HP 89033 Option 001.
HP
part number
1-4
Model
89033
General
Information
SPARE INTERNAL FUSES
OPTION
909
RACK FLANGE AND FRONT
HANDLE COMBINATION KIT
BNC TO BANANA PLUG ADAPTER
OPTION
907
FRONT HANDLE KIT
NOTE:
Refer
Figure
to
ACCESSORIES
1-2.
HP
SUPPLIED,
Model
for
8903E
OPTION
RACK
more
details.
908
FLANGE KIT
Accessories Supplied, and Options
907, 908,
and
909
1-5
General Information
Model 89033
1-21. Rear-to-Front-Panel Connectors
Retrofit Kit
This kit contains all the necessary components and
full instructions for converting instruments with rearpanel connections for INPUT and MONITOR to
front-panel connections. Order HP part number 08903-
60178. After installation and calibration, performance
will be identical to the standard HP89033.
1-22. MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT
AVAILABLE
1-23. Chassis Slide Mount Kit
This kit is extremely useful when the Distortion
Analyzer is rack mounted. Access
and components
or
the rear-panel
to
internal circuits
is
possible without
removing the instrument from the rack. Order HP
part number 1494-0060 for 431.8mm (17in.) fixed
slides, and part number 1494-0061 for the correct
adapters for non-HP rack enclosures.
1-24. Chassis Tilt Slide Mount Kit
1-25. RECOMMENDED TEST EQUIPMENT
Table 1-3 lists the test equipment recommended for
use in testing, adjusting, and servicing the Distortion
Analyzer. If any of the recommended equipment is
unavailable, instruments with equivalent minimum
specifications may be substituted. Table 1-3 also includes some alternate equipment listings.
1-26. PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
FOR
SIMPLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRAM
The HP Model 89033 Distortion Analyzer combines
two instruments into one: a general purpose voltmeter
with a tunable notch filter at the input, and a
frequency counter. Measurements are managed by a
microprocessor-based Controller. This combination
forms an instrument that can make most common
measurements on audio circuits automatically.
To
add to its versatility, the Distortion Analyzer also
has selectable input filters, and HP-IB
programmability.
The operation of the instrument is described in the
following order: Voltmeter and Notch Filter, Counter,
and Controller. Refer
to
Figure 1-3.
This kit is the same as the Chassis Slide Mount Kit
above except it also allows the tilting of the instru-
or
ment up
0062 for 431.8mm
down 90". Order HP part number 1494-
(17
in.) tilting slides, and part
number 1494-0061 for the correct adapters for nonHP rack enclosures.
1-27.
Voltmeter and Notch Filter
The amplitude measurement path flows from the
INPUT connector to the MONITOR output (on the
front panel) and includes the Input and Output RMS/
Average Detectors, dc voltmeter (the Voltage-to-Time
Converter and Counter). Measurements are made on
If
-
-
41
1-6
-1
KEYBOARD AND DISPLAY
0
oonm
D.
Figure
1-3.
Simplified
HP
8903E
Distortion Analyzer
Block
Diagram
Model 89033
General Information
the difference between the signals on the inner
conductor and shield of the INPUT connector
for option
bined differential and common-mode levels can be as
high as 300V. However, for safety purposes only 42V
maximum is allowed on the outer conductor of the
single BNC input connector when in the FLOAT
position.
The input signal is ac coupled for all measurement
modes except dc level. The signal
Input Attenuator to a level of 3V
the active circuits that follow, the Over-Voltage Protection circuit opens whenever its input exceeds 15V.
The differential signal
signal (that is, a signal referenced to ground) and
amplified. In the dc level mode, the dc voltage
measured at this point by the dc voltmeter. The
signal is further amplified by a Programmable Gain
Amplifier which
fier and the Differential-to-Single-Ended Amplifier
are programmed to keep the signal level going into
the Input Detector and Notch Filter between 1.7 and
3 Vrms. This optimizes the effectiveness and accuracy
of the amplifiers, particularly in the distortion and
SINAD modes.
The output from the first Programmable Gain Amplifier is converted to dc by the Ranging RMS Detector,
and measured by the dc voltmeter. The output of
this detector
circuits. The signal then passes through the internal
plug-in HP/BP filters to the input RMS/Average
detector and becomes the numerator of the SINAD
measurement, and the denominator of the distortion
measurement (refer
The Input RMS/Average Detector
make the ac level measurement; the Output RMS/
Average Detector
dc level measurements, the Ranging RMS Detector
also monitors the ac component
lowers the gain of the input path
overload the input amplifiers; otherwise, the gain of
the input path is determined by measuring the dc
level.
filters can be inserted into the signal path. The 400
High-Pass Filter is usually used to suppress line hum,
or
the low frequency squelch tone used on some mobile
transceivers. The Weighting Filters have bandpass
frequency responses that simulate the “average” re-
sponse of human hearing. In the SINAD, distortion,
and distortion level modes, the frequency of the input
signal is counted at the output of the internal plug-in
HP/BP Filters.
001,
the HIGH and LOW connectors. Com-
is
scaled by the
or
less. To protect
is
converted to a single-ended
is
ac coupled. The gain of this ampli-
is
used
to
set the gain of the input
to
Basics of Audio Measurements).
is
not used to
is
used for this measurement. For
(if
there
is
if
the signal will
At
this point, one of the two internal plug-in
or,
is
one) and
Hz
When measuring SINAD, distortion,
level, the fundamental of the signal is removed by
the Notch Filter. The output from the filter is the
distortion and noise of the signal. In the ac level
is
mode, the Notch Filter
and low-pass filtering, the output from the Notch
Filter is converted to dc by the Output RMS/Average
Detector, and measured by the dc voltmeter.
When measuring distortion, distortion level,
SINAD, the Notch Filter
the frequency counted at the input to the filter. Coarse
tuning is via the Controller. Fine tuning and balance
are via circuitry internal to the Notch Filter. In
SINAD mode, a front-panel key allows you to lock
the notch at a given input frequency,
notch will not become untuned in the presence
noise. The two Programmable Gain Amplifiers,
following the Notch Filter, amplify the low-level noise
and distortion signals from the Notch Filter. The
overall gain of the two amplifiers is normally set to
maintain a signal level of 0.3 to 3V
output.
The 30 kHz and
the Keyboard. With no low-pass filtering, the 3dB
bandwidth of the measurement system is approxi-
mately 750
remove the high-frequency noise components in lowfrequency SINAD and distortion measurements. The
output from the second Programmable Gain Amplifier
drives the front-panel MONITOR output connector.
The frequency of this signal
Counter in the ac level mode because of the increased
sensitivity at this point.
The Output Detector
the ac level, SINAD (the denominator), distortion
(the numerator), and distortion level modes.
used to set the gain of the two Programmable Gain
Amplifiers. Both the input and output detectors can
be configured via front-panel keys to respond to the
absolute average of the signal instead of the true rms
value. The Voltage-to-Time Converter converts the
dc inputs into a time interval which is measured by
the Counter.
1-28.
The Counter
frequency,
of the signal at its input, then the Controller divides
the number of periods by the accumulated count.
The reference for the Counter
Base which also
Counter has three inputs and two modes of operation:
Counter
80
kHz LP Filters are selected from
kHz.
The filters are most often used to
is
a reciprocal counter. To measure
it
counts the period
is
the clock for the Controller. The
bypassed. After amplifying
is
automatically tuned to
is
also measured by the
is
read by the dc voltmeter in
of
is
or
distortion
so
that the
at
the MONTIOR
It
is also
one
or
more cycles
the 2MHz Time
or
of
1-7
General Information Model 89033
Voltage Measurement.
Voltage-to-Time Converter is counted. The accumulated count is proportional to the dc voltage. For
direct measurements (ac level, dc level, and distortion
level), the count is processed directly by the Controller
and displayed on the right display.
ments (SINAD and distortion), the counts of two
successive measurements are processed and displayed.
For
SINAD and distortion, the ratio of the outputs
of the Input and Output RMS/Average Detectors is
computed.
Input Frequency Measurement.
last Programmable Gain Amplifier
plug-in HP/BP Filters
Input Schmitt Trigger
the Counter’s input. The period of the signal is then
counted, the count
and the frequency
The time interval from the
For
ratio measure-
The signal from the
or
the internal
is
conditioned by the Counter
to
make it compatible with
is
processed by the Controller,
is
displayed on the left display.
1-29. Controller
The entire operation of the instrument is under control of a microprocessor-based Controller. The Controller sets up the instrument at turn-on, interprets
Keyboard entries, executes changes in mode of opera-
tion, continually monitors instrument operation,
sends measurement results and error messages to the
front-panel displays, and interfaces with HP-IB. In
addition,
circuit operation. For example,
of the Counter, converts measurement results into
ratios (in
useful for servicing the instrument.
1-30. BASICS
The “audio” frequency range is usually taken to be
from
good, but the term is a convenient one to describe
sub-RF frequencies encountered in electronics. The
frequency range of the Distortion Analyzer extends
beyond the audio range
to 100 kHz.
Electronic instrumentation provides most of the tools
for quantitative analysis of audio signals. Thus, if
the signal
or
signal by a transducer of some kind (for example,
strain gauge
Apart from attentive listening to a hi-fi system, the
most intuitive way of analyzing an electrical signal
in the audio range is visually with an oscilloscope.
Here you get a feeling for the signal’s size (loudness),
frequency (pitch), and shape (timbre). You can also
determine
its
%
20
Hz to
is
acoustic),
if
computing capability is used to simplify
it
forms the last stage
ora),
20
non-electrical (for example, mechanical
it
or
microphone) before it can be analyzed.
these parameters change with time
etc.
It
also contains routines
OF
AUDIO MEASUREMENTS
kHz. Few people have hearing that
to
include fundamentals up
must be converted to
an
electrical
or
are stable, and you can even make some quantitative
measurements on it (for example, peak level, dc offset,
period, risetime, etc.) Many times, however, the parameter sought does not lend itself to easy visual
analysis. Thus, the Distortion Analyzer was designed.
It
combines into one instrument a series of general
and specialized instruments, under microprocessor
control, that make
quantitative measurements on audio signals of any
general waveshape.
it
easy for you to obtain accurate,
1-31. AC Level
Consider the very common measurement of a signal’s
ac rms level. To make this measurement with an
oscilloscope, you must first decide the nature of the
signal, because from it, the relationship of the peak
level to the rms level can be mathematically
determined. If the signal is sinusoidal, for example,
the rms value is the peak amplitude divided by
This measurement
voltmeter which electronically measures the rms level
and displays the result. However, no other information about the signal is provided. The Distortion
Analyzer contains both an rms and an average re-
sponding voltmeter. The rms level of the signal is
displayed whenever the AC Level mode is selected.
The average level can be displayed by pressing the
AVG/RMS key. (When the LED is lit, the analyzer
is
in Average mode.) A special function is also pro-
vided which converts the measurement result into
watts
for a specified (external) load resistance (access-
able only through HP-IB).
Another important ac signal characteristic is the vari-
ation in level vs. frequency (flatness).
can easily set a reference level (such as
particular frequency (such as
change in level as the input frequency is changed.
(The external source’s level
otherwise,
Analyzer makes this measurement easier in two ways.
First, the reference can be set to
the press of a button (the RATIO key). Second, the
results can be logged into a controller over HP-IB
to be plotted on a printer
An additional parameter related to ac level is gain,
and more often, gain vs. frequency. To make a gain
measurement, measure the input to the device, then
the output, and take the ratio. You first
source as desired, then either measure
a reference (press RATIO). Then measure the output.
The result can be expressed in either
desired, an external source can be swept and the gain
plotted as a function of frequency.
it
is
greatly simplified with
Of
1
kHz) and monitor the
is
assumed to be flat;
too must be checked.) The Distortion
100%
or
plotter.
set
5.
an
course you
1V)
or
OdB
an
external
it
or
set it
%
or&.
rms
at a
by
as
If
1-8
Model
89033
1-32. Frequency
Another common and basic measurement is
frequency. With an oscilloscope, you simply determine
the time interval between like points on the repetitive
waveform and take the reciprocal. With a frequency
counter, frequency
is
measured electronically and
displayed. The measurement is easier and usually
much more accurate than could be made visually with
an
oscilloscope.
The Distortion Analyzer contains a counter which
displays the frequency of the input signal for all ac
It
measurements.
is a reciprocal type;
should be noted that the counter
it
measures the period of the
signal (as you do with an oscilloscope) and computes
the reciprocal
of this technique
to
obtain the frequency. The advantage
is
that for low (audio) frequencies,
higher resolution is obtained in a shorter
measurement time.
1-33.
Although not part of an audio signal, dc level
DC
Level
is
a
quantity often encountered in audio equipment (for
example, bias voltages and outputs from ac-to-dc con-
vs.
verters). Sometimes plots of dc level
frequency
are desired (as in the case of an ac-to-dc converter).
The Distortion Analyzer has dc level as one of its
measurement modes.
1-34. Signal Impurities
Distortion and SINAD are used to describe the impur-
ity content of a signal. These terms are somewhat
related and can often be confused. A pure signal
is
defined as a perfect sinusoid, that is, one whose
frequency spectrum contains only a single spectral
component. Impurities are not always undesirable.
Impurities, for example, are what add character to
the sound of musical instruments. Pure signals in
music sound monotonous.
However, when testing a linear audio system,
if
a
pure signal is applied to the input, anything but a
pure signal at the output indicates that the system
is
degrading the signal. There are several common
classifications
of
impurities: harmonic distortion (har-
monics of the fundamental), intermodulation
distortion (beat signals
of
two
or
more non-related
signals), noise (random signals), and spurious signals
(for example, line hum and interference). All but
intermodulation distortion are easily measured by the
Distortion Analyzer.
1-35. Distortion
Harmonic distortion on a spectrally pure signal is
created by non-linearities in the circuit through which
General Information
it
passes. The non-linearities can arise in the transfer
or
characteristics of the active devices
the active device into saturation
by running
or
cutoff. Often,
distortion can be reduced by reducing the signal level,
filtering,
or
adding negative feedback.
According to Fourier mathematics, the non-linear
terms in the circuit’s transfer function give rise to
harmonics of the signal. Total harmonic distortion
(THD) is usually defined as the ratio of the rms sum
of the harmonics to the rms level of the fundamental.
The ratio is usually converted to
%
ora.
An oscilloscope gives only a rough indication of the
A
amount of distortion present on a signal.
rule of thumb
is
that
if
the non-linearity causing the
general
distortion is “gentle” (for example, not clipped), a
trained eye can discern distortion as low a
an oscilloscope display. Figure
amples of waveforms with
nents that combined to produce them
1-4
shows several ex-
5%
THD and the compo-
(5%
5%
on
distortion
would be considered quite high in a quality hi-fi
amplifier).
An audio spectrum analyzer, which allows the user
to see the magnitude of all harmonics, is perhaps
the best instrument to measure harmonic
distortion. The audio spectrum analyzer method,
however, requires a fairly expensive instrument
and some mathematical manipulation.
The traditional method of measuring distortion (accepted by the Institute of High Fidelity2 and others)
is
is with a distortion analyzer. The method
simple
and adequate for most situations. With a distortion
analyzer, you simply measure the signal level and set
it
up as a reference, then you insert a notch filter,
tuned to the frequency of the fundamental, and
measure the output of the filter relative to the input.
This is the method used by the Distortion Analyzer
in the DISTN mode where the tuning and measuring
are done automatically. When using the distortion
it
is
analyzer method,
the measurement result
as
distortion”
defined above except under the condi-
important to understand that
is
not “total harmonic
tion that the distortion is not too excessive but that
it
does predominate over any other signal impurities.
Some examples will illustrate these restrictions.
Consider the case of excessive harmonic distortion.
10%
Let us use the example of a signal with
actual
total harmonic distortion in which all the distortion
comes from the second harmonic. The second har-
monic is then
*The Institute
Measurement
ity, Inc.,
New
20
m
below the fundamental as viewed
of
High Fidelity, Inc., Standard Methods
For
Audio
York
Amplifiers,
(1978),
p.
9.
The Institute
of
High Fidel-
Of
1-9
General Information Model
89033
on a spectrum analyzer. When this signal is measured
by a distortion analyzer, an error results from the
first
part of the measurement (measuring the input
level) because the input level is not quite the same
as the level of the fundamental. If the fundamental
level were
0.1
be
1
Vrms, the second harmonic level would
Vrms (one-tenth
of
the fundamental). The
total input level (measured with a true rms voltmeter)
is the rms sum of the two components, namely,
Input
=
v/(1)2
+
or
0.5%
high. Thus, the measurement result would
be
9.95%
distortion instead of the true
you can see
(0.1)2
that
the distortion must really be excessive
=
1.005V
10%.
Actually,
to affect the measurement significantly.
Now consider the case where other types of impurities
are significant. Suppose the actual total harmonic
distortion is
component that has a level that is
1%
but that there is an additional hum
1%
of the fundamental level. The distortion measured by a distortion
analyzer will be
1.4%
(that is,
40%
or
3
dB
high).
How, then, can you be sure that the result is a valid
measurement of distortion? One way
the MONITOR output with an oscilloscope.
is
to observe
If
the
waveform is clean and harmonically related to the
is
fundamental, the measurement
it
monic distortion. If
is not, selectable filters are
actual total har-
provided to remove unwanted signals. Use the optional
Use the
400
30
Hz
High-Pass Filter to remove line hum.
kHz
or
80
kHz Low Pass Filter to remove
out-of-band noise. However, select only filters that
do not affect the fundamental and the harmonics
interest. Sometimes it is desired
to
include hum and
of
noise as part of the “distortion” measurement. For
this reason, the measurement is often referred to
as
a THD+N (total harmonic distortion plus noise)
measurement
1-36.
.
SINAD
For most practical purposes the SINAD measurement,
as made by the Distortion Analyzer, is equal to the
reciprocal
of
the distortion measurement.
It
is
usually
expressed indB. The notch filter is coarsely pro-
grammed to the input frequency by the microproces-
sor
(but fine tuned to the signal at
its
input). When
measuring SINAD in the presence of large amounts
of impurities, a front-panel key locks the coarse tuning
of the notch filter at the correct input frequency.
SINAD
Distortion. The ratio (normally expressed in
is
an acronym for SIgnal, Noise, And
dF3)
com-
puted in the SINAD measurement is
rms
value
of
signal,
SINAD
=
20
log
rms
value
noise and distortion
of
noise and distortion
The equation eliminates the two restrictions discussed
in connection with the distortion measurement.
SINAD
ity of
is
used most often in determining the sensitiv-
a
receiver. Receiver sensitivity
is
defined
as
the RF level that, when modulated in a specified
manner with a pure audio tone, creates a certain
SINAD (usually
12dB)
at the receiver’s audio
10
or
output. (The tone can just be discerned in the noise.)
Sometimes a noise weighting filter is required in the
receiver sensitivity measurement. Optional plug-in
Weighting Filters modify the frequency response of
the Distortion Analyzer with a bandpass characteris-
that
tic
approximates the response of human hearing.
Weighting Filters which meet most international
standards are available.
1-10
Model
89033
General Information
I
SIN X AND
SIN X
+
0.05
0.05
SIN 2X
SIN 2X
SIN X AND
SIN X
+
0.05
0.05
COS
COS
2X
2X
Figure
SIN X AND
SIN X
1-4.
Several Waveforms Each
+
0.05
0.05
SIN 3X
SIN 3X
With
5%
SIN X AND
SIN
THD
and the Signal Components Which Produced Them
X
+
0.05
0.05
COS
COS
3X
3X
1-11
General Information Model
Table
1-1.
Specifications
All parameters describe performance in automatic operation or with properly set manual controls with a 1/2-hour
warrnup period.
MEASUREMENT
Characteristic
SINAD
Fundamental
Frequency Range
Display Range
Accuracy
Input Voltage Range
Performance Limits
20
Hz
to
100 kHz
0
to
99.99
dB
21 dB
e2
dB
50 rnV to 300V
20 Hz to
20 kHz to 100 kHz
(1
of
4)
Conditions
20
kHz (unfiltered or with low-pass filters)
89033
Residual Noise and
Distortion (the
higher
of)
DISTORTION
Fundamental
Frequency Range
Display Range
Accuracy
Input Voltage Range
Residual Noise and
Distortion (the
higher of)
AC
LEVEL
Full Range Display
Overrange
Accuracy
-80 dB or 15 pV
-70 dB or 45 pV
-65 dB or 45
20 Hz to 100 kHz
0.001% to 100%
(-99.99
21 dB
e2
dB
50
rnV
to 300V
-80
dB or 15 pV
-70 dB or 45
-65 dB or 45
300.0V, 30.00V,
3.000V, .3000V,
30.00 rnV,
3.000 rnV,
.3000 mV
33%
2
2%
2
4%
e
4%
pV
to 0 dB)
pV
UV
20 Hz to
20
50 kHz to 100 kHz;
20 Hz to
20
kHz; 80 kHz BW
Hz to 50 kHz;
20
kHz (unfiltered or with low-pass filters)
500
500
kHz BW
kHz BW
20 kHz to 100 kHz
20
Hz to
20
kHz; 80 kHz BW
20
kHz to 50 kHz;
50 kHz to 100 kHz; 500 kHz BW
Except on the 300.0V range
50 rnV to 300V;
50 rnV to 300V;
0.3
rnV
to 50rnV;
500
kHz BW
20
Hz to 20 kHz
20
kHz to 100 kHz
20
Hz
to 100 kHz
DC
LEVEL
Full Range Display
Overrange
Accuracy
1-12
300.0V, 48.00V,
16.00V,
33%
e 1
.O%
e6 rnV
4.00V
of reading
Except on the 300.0V range
600 mV
Vin <600 rnV
to
300V
Model
89033
Table
1-1.
Specifications
(2
of
4)
General
Information
Characteristic
FREQUENCY
Measurement Range
Resolution
Accuracy
Sensitivity
STANDARD AUDIO
FILTERS
30 kHz Low-pass Filter
3 dB Cutoff
Frequency
Rolloff
80 kHz Low-pass Filter
3 dB Cutoff
Frequency
Rolloff
MEASUREMENT
Performance Limits
20 Hz to
20 Hz to
5
digits
0.01
~(0.004%
50
5.0
30
3rd order response,
18 dB/octave or
60 dB/decade
80 24 kHz
3rd order response,
18 dB/octave or
60 dB/decade
Hz
mV
mV
t2
kHz
150
100
+1
kHz
kHz
digit)
(Cont'd)
Conditions
In ac level mode
In
distortion and SINAD modes
Frequencies
Frequencies
Distortion and SINAD modes only
In ac level mode only
>lo0
Hz
400 Hz
PLUG-IN AUDIO FILTERS
400 Hz Highpass Filter
3 dB Cutoff Frequency
Rolloff
CCllT Weighting Filter
Deviation from Ideal
Response:
CClR Weighting Filter
Deviation from Ideal
Response:
400 240 Hz
7th order response:
42 dB/octave
140 dB/decade
20.2 dB
21
dB
+2 dB
23
dB
+0.1 dB
+0.2 dB
20.4 dB
20.5 dB
~1.0
dB
22.0
dB
or
CCllT Recommendation P53
20
to 55"C, 80% relative humidity
At 800 Hz
300 Hz to 3 kHz
50
Hz to 3.5 kHz
3.5
kHz to 5 kHz
CCIR Recommendation 468-2, DIN 45405
20
to 55OC, 80% relative humidity
At 6.3 kHz
7.1
10
31.5
kHz
kHz
kHz
10
kHz to
20
kHz
6.3 kHz to
7.1
kHz to
200 Hz to 6.3 kHz
31.5
Hz to 200 Hz,
20
kHz to
1-13
General Information
Table
1-1.
Specifications
(3
of
4)
Model
89033
I
I
~~
Characteristic
PLUG-IN AUDIO
FILTERS
(Cont'd)
C-MESSAGE Weighting
Filter
Deviation from
Ideal Response:
CCIR/ARM Weighting
Filter
Deviation from
Ideal Response:
"A"-Weight Filter
Deviation from
Ideal Response:
Performance
20.1
dB
21.0
dB
20.1
dB
20.2
dB
20.4
dB
20.5
dB
21.0
dB
22.0
dB
20.1
dB
20.5 dB
21.0
dB
MEASUREMENT
Limits
'er BSTM
!O
to
At 1 kHz
60
XIR Recommendation
3olby Labs bulletin No.
20
to
At
6.3
7.1
200
31.5
20
IEC Recomendation
meter
20
to 55OC,
At 1 kHz
20
10
(Cont'd)
41004
55"C,
80%
Hz to 5 kHz
55OC,
80%
6.3
kHz
kHz to
kHz to
kHz to
Hz to
kHz to
Ht
Hz to
to
7.1
10
6.3
200
31.5
80%
10
20
kHz
Conditions
relative humidity
486-2,
19/4.
relative humidity
kHz
kHz
kHz
Hz, 10 kHz to
kHz
179
and ANSI
relative humidity
kHz
averaging responding meter,
20
kHz
3.4,
type 1 sound level
TEMPERATURE
Operating
Storage
INPUT TYPE
MAXIMUM INPUT
INPUT IMPEDANCE
Resistance
Shunt Capacitance
COMMON MODE
REJECTION RATIO
REMOTE OPERATION
0"
to
55OC
-550
to
75OC
Balanced
42V
Peak
42V
Peak
100
kSZ
21%
101
kSZ
21%
<300
pF
>60
dB
>45
dB
>30
dB
HP-IB STD
Compatibility Code:
SH1,
L3,
LEO
PPO,
AH1,
SRI,
DC1,
488-1978
T5, TEO,
RL1,
DT1 , CO,
Full differential
Differentially applied, or between high input and ground.
Between low input and ground.
Except in dc level mode
In dc level mode only
Each terminal to ground
20
Hz to 1 kHz,
20
Hz to 1 kHz
20 Hz to
The Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus (HP-IB) is Hewlett-
Packard Company's implementation of
"Digital Interface for Programmable Instrumentation". All functions except the line switch and
ground switch are remotely controllable.
El
20
kHz
VIN
<
2V
the
IEEE
low
terminal float/
Std.
488-1 978,
1-14
Model
89033
General
Information
I
I
I
I
Characteristic
~ ~~
POWER
REQUIREMENTS
Line Voltage
100, 120, 220,
240 Vac
100, 120 Vac
POWER DISSIPATION
CONDUCTED AND
RADIATED
INTERFERENCE (EMI)
CONDUCTED AND
RADIATED
SUSCEPTIBILITY
NET
DIMENSIONS
Envelope)
Height
Width
Depth
(Full
Table
Performance Limits
+5%,
-10%
+5%,
-10%
100
V.A maximum
MIL STD 461B
MIL STD 461B-1980
11.8 kg (26 Ib)
15.9 kg
146 mm
425 mm (16.8 in.)
462 mm (18.2 in.)
(35
(5.75
Ib)
in.)
1-1.
Specifications
(4
of
4)
GENERAL
Conditions
48
to
66 Hz
48 to 440 Hz
Conducted and radiated interference
CS02,
CEO3
and
RS03
requirements of methods
and FTZ 526/527.
Conducted and radiated susceptiblity meets the requirements
of
methods CSO1,
(1 volt/meter) of MIL STD 4618 dated 1980.
Net
Shipping
Note: For ordering cabinet accessories, the module sizes are
51/4H
x
1MW
x
17D.
and
is
within the
RE02
of MIL STD 461B
Table
1-2
All parameters describe performance in automatic operation or with properly set manual controls.
SINAD
Detection
Resolution:
cial Function 16.0 will round the display to the
nearest half dB to reduce .digit flickering with noisy
signals.
Tuning:
frequency.
Time
Measurement Rate:
DISTORTION
3
Detection:
Displayed Resolution:
0.0001%
0.001
0.01
0.1
Time
Measurement Rate: 2 reading+ typical.
AC LEVEL
AC Converter:
crest factor of
detection.
true rms or rms calibrated average.
0.01 dB. For ratios less than 25 dB, Spe-
notch filter is tuned to counted input
to
Return First Measurement:
2.0
readings/s typical.
dB Measurement Bandwidth:
true rms or rms calibrated average.
(<0.1%
YO
(0.1
YO
(3%
'10
(>30°/o
to
Return First Measurement:
distortion)
YO
to
3%
distortion)
to
30%
distortion)
distortion)
true rms responding for signals with
13
or rms calibrated average
1.5s
typical.
10
Hz to 500 kHz.
1.5s
typical.
Supplemental Information
MEASUREMENT
AC
LEVEL (cont'd)
3
dB Measurement Bandwidth:
Time
to
Return First Measurement:
Measurement Rate:
DC LEVEL
Time
to
Return First Measurement:
Measurement Rate: 3 readingls.
FREQUENCY MEASUREMENT
Measurement Rate:
selected.
Counting Technique:
base.
AUDIO FILTERS
400
Ht High-Pass Filter Rejection:
>65dB at 60Hz.
Monitor
Output
Output Impedance: 600fl.
In
ac level mode, provides scaled output of
measured input signal.
In
SINAD, distortion, and distortion level modes,
provides scaled output
fundamental removed.
>500
kHz.
<1.5s typical.
2.5 readings/s.
4.5s typical.
same as measurement mode
reciprocal with 2 MHz time
>40 dB at 240 Hz;
of
input signal with the
1-
15
General Information
Model
89033
Instrument Type
AC Calibrator
Audio Synthesizer
Computing
Controller
DC Standard
Digital Voltmeter
Critical Specifications
Accuracy: 0.5%, 7 mV
Flatness: ~0.1%, 20 Hr to 100 kHz, <6V
Output Current: 60 mA
Frequency Accuracy:
Frequency Range:
Frequency Accuracy: 54ppm
Output Range: 3V into 600Q
Output Attenuation Accuracy: 20.075 dB, to 0.3 mV range
HP-16 compatibility as defined by IEEE Std. 488 and the
HP 746A,
Datron 4200 or
Fluke 5200A
and Fluke
521 5A
HP 3336C
HP 9825A/
98034Al98213A
or HP85B Opt.
007
HP 7408 or
Datron 4000 or
Fluke 893AR
Frequency
Standard
Oscilloscope
Power Supply
Resistor 100kQ
Signature
Analyzer
Test Oscillator
True RMS
Voltmeter
Frequency: 0.1,
Accuracy:
Bandwidth: <3 dB down 0 to 10 MHz
Sensitivity:
Input Impedance:
Triggering: Internal and External
output: to 215v HP 6215A
Accuracy:
Because the signatures documented are unique to a given
signature analyzer type, no substitution
recommended.
Frequency: 1 kHz
Output: 30 Vpp
Type: true rms responding
Level Range: 100 mV to
Frequency Range: 20 Hz to
Accuracy:
Coupling: ac
1,
2,
5,
or 10 MHz
rl
ppm
5
mV per division minimum
1
MQ
5
0.1 O/O
1OV
500
20.2%
of
range 50.2%
kHz
of
of
reading
types is
House Standard
HP 1740A
HP 0698-7497
HP 5005A
I
I
HP
3310A
I
HP 3403C
A
CAT
T
P
T
I
I
IT
I
P
I
1-16
Model
89033
Table
1-4.
Service Accessories
General Information
Accessory
Digital Test/
Extender Board
Extender Board
Extender Board
Foam Pad
The performance tests, adjustments, and troubleshooting procedures are based on the
assumption that the recommended test equipment
equipment may require modification of some procedures.
Specifications Suggested Model
No
substitution recommended
44
contacts
30
contacts
Conductive polyurethane foam,
(2 X 22), 3
(2
X
15),
2
required
required
12 x 12 X 0.25
NOTE
is
HP
08903-6001 8
HP
08901 -60084
HP
08901 -60085
inches (nonmagnetic) HP
4208-0094
used. Substituting alternate test
1-17
Model
89033
Installation
Section
INSTALLATION
2-1.
INTRODUCTION
This section provides the information needed to install the Distortion Analyzer. Included is information
pertinent to initial inspection, power requirements,
line voltage and fuse selection, power cables, interconnection, mating connectors, operating environment,
instrument mounting, storage, and shipment. In addition, this section also contains the procedure for setting the internal HP-IB talk and listen address
switches.
2-2.
INITIAL INSPECTION
pZiiE-1
To avoid hazardous electrical shock, do
not perform electrical tests when there are
signs of shipping damage to any portion
of
the outer enclosure (covers, panels,
meters).
Inspect the shipping container for damage.
shipping container
it
should be kept until the contents of the shipment
have been checked for completeness and the instrument has been checked mechanically and electrically.
Procedures for checking electrical performance are
given in Section 4. If the contents are incomplete,
if there is mechanical damage
instrument does not pass the electrical performance
test, notify the nearest Hewlett-Packard office.
shipping container
terial shows signs of stress, notify the carrier as well
as the Hewlett-Packard office. Keep the shipping
materials for the carrier’s inspection.
2-3.
PREPARATION
2-4.
Power Requirements
or
cushioning material is damaged,
or
defect,
is
damaged,
FOR
or
the cushioning ma-
USE
or
If
if
the
the
If
the
2
This
is
a Safety Class I product (that
provided with a protective earth terminal).
An
uninterruptible safety earth ground
must
be provided from the mains power
source to the product input wiring termi-
or
nals, power cord,
set. Whenever
has
tion
be made inoperative and be secured against
any unintended operation.
If this instrument is to be energized via
an external autotransformer, make sure
the
connected to the earthed pole of the power
source.
2-5.
Line Voltage
BEFORE PLUGGING THIS INSTRUMENT into the Mains (line) voltage, be
sure the correct voltage and fuse have been
selected.
Verify that the line voltage selection card and the
fuse are matched to the power source. Refer to Figure
Line
2-1,
Fuses may be ordered under
0059,
1.5A
tion and 2110-0018, 0.75A (250V, time delay)
220/240 Vac operation.
2-6.
Power Cables
been impaired, the product
autotransformer’s common terminal is
Voltage and Fuse Selection.
(250V time delay) for 100/120 Vac opera-
supplied power cord
it
is
likely that the protec-
and
Fuse Selection
HP
part numbers 2110-
is,
must
for
(WARNING
To avoid the possibility of hazardous electrical shock, do not operate this instrument
at line
with line frequencies greater than
Leakage currents at these line settings may
exceed
The Distortion Analyzer requires a power source of
100, 120, 220,
Hz single phase
to
440
VA
maximum.
voltages greater than
3.5
mA.
or
240 Vac, +5% to -lo%, 48 to
or
100, 120 Vac, +5%
Hz
single phase. Power consumption is
1
126.5
66
to
Vac
Hz.
-lo%,
66
48
100
I
WARNING
BEFORE CONNECTING THIS INSTRUMENT, the protective earth terminals of this instrument
the
protective conductor of the (Mains)
to
power cord. The Mains plug shall only be
inserted
a protective earth contact. The protective
action must not be negated by the use
an extension cord (power cable) without a
protective conductor (grounding).
in
a socket outlet provided with
1
must
be connected
of
2-
1
Installation
Model 89033
This instrument is equipped with a three-wire power
cable. When connected to an appropriate ac power
receptacle, this cable grounds the instrument cabinet.
The type of power cable plug shipped with each
instrument depends on the country of destination.
2-2
Refer to Figure
for the part numbers of the power
cables available.
2-7.
HP-IB
Address
Selection
a
This task should be performed only by service trained persons who are aware of the
potential shock hazard of working on an
instrument with protective covers
removed.
To
avoid hazardous electrical shock, the
line (Mains) power cable should be disconnected before attempting to change the
HP-IB
address.
In the Distortion Analyzer, the HP-IB talk and listen
addresses are selectable by an internal switch. The
following procedure explains how the switches are to
2-1
be set. Refer to Table
and listen addresses. The address
"\"
a Talk address of
binary, this
is
11100;
and a listen address of
in decimal
for a listing of the talk
is
factory set for
"<".
(In
it
is 28.)
To
change
the HP-IB address, the top cover of the Distortion
Analyzer must be removed.
a.
Disconnect the line (Mains) power cable.
Remove any HP-IB cables or connectors from
b.
the HP-IB connector.
c. Remove the Distortion Analyzer top cover.
1.
Remove the two plastic feet from the rear of
the top cover by removing the panhead Pozidriv screw within each foot.
Unscrew the Pozidriv screw at the center
2.
of
the rear edge of the top cover. This is a
captive screw and will cause the top cover to
pull away from the front frame.
3. Lift off the top cover.
Operating voltage
1.
2.
3.
2-2
IS
shown in module window.
Open cover door,
Remove
Push
the
the card
Line Voltage Selection Card. Position the card
firmly
Rotate the Fuse
the cover door.
pull
Pull
the
FUSE
into
the
lever to
Figure
To
avoid the possibility
shock, do not operate this instrument at line
voltages greater than 126.5 Vac with line frequencies greater than 66
at these line settings may exceed 3.5
PULL
lever and rotate
to
left. Remove the
so
the line voltage appears at top-left cover.
slot.
its
normal position. Insert a fuse of the correct value
United Kingdom,
Cyprus, Nigeria,
Rhodesia,
Singapore
Australia,
New Zealand
East and West
Europe, Saudi
Arabia, Egypt,
So.
Africa, India
(unpolarized in
many nations)
United States,
Canada,
Japan (1OOV or
200V), Mexico,
Phillipines,
Taiwan
Switzerland
250v
a
no
I
I
220v
~
250v
'Part number shown for plug is industry identifier for plug only. Number shown for cable is HP Part Number for com-
plete cable including plug.
E
=
Earth Ground:
8120-0698 6
8120-1957
8120-2956
8120-1860 6
L
=
Line;
N
Figure
Straight'NEMA6-15P
2
3
Straight'CEE22-VI
(Systems Cabinet use)
=
Neutral
2-2.
Power Cable and Mains Plug Part Numbers
Gray
Gray
United States,
Canada
Denmark
2-3
Installation
Model
89033
d. Locate the HP-IB address switch accessable
through a hole near the center rear of the internal
shield cover.
Use a pencil to set the switches to the desired
e.
HP-IB address and Talk Only
Only (LON) condition. The switch
in Figure
switch (marked with a
address bit
2-3.
Facing the board, the left hand
“5”)
(A5
in Table
(TON)
or
is
illustrated
Listen
is the most significant
2-1).
Setting a switch
toward the printed circuit board places it in its
“1”
position. If the TON and LON switches are
“l”,
both set to
If the address switches and the
all set to
the Talk Only setting will override.
TON
switch are
“l”,
the Distortion Analyzer will output
one byte (the status byte) each measurement
cycle. (Setting all switches to
“1”
defeats HP-IB
operation.)
-Table
00010
00011
01100
01101
01110
01111
10000
10001
10010
10011
10100
10101
10110
2-1.
Allowable HP-IB Address Codes
B
C
L
M
N
0
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
-
#
I
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
2
3
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Figure
f.
g.
2-3.
The HP-IB Address Switch Shown
Set
by
the Factory. The Address Shown
is
11100
and Listen Only
in Binary with Both Talk
Off.
as
Only
Reinstall the top cover by reversing the procedure
c
in step
above.
Connect the line (Mains) power cable to the Line
Power Module and reconnect the HP-IB cable
to the HP-IB connector.
h.
To confirm the setting, refer to HP-IB Address
in the
Detailed Operating Instructions
in
Section3 of this manual.
2-8.
Interconnections
Interconnection data for the Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus
is
provided in Figure
2-4.
2-4
0
11100
11101
1111111101
Y
Z
\
1
n
9
<
- -
>
1
25
26
27
28
29
30
Model
89033
Installation
Temperature
Humidity
Altitude
.....................
........................
.............
<4570
meters
0°C
to
<95%
(15
+55”C
relative
000
feet)
2-1 1. Bench Operation
The instrument cabinet has plastic feet and foldaway
tilt stands for convenience in bench operation. (The
plastic feet are shaped to ensure self-aligning of the
instruments when stacked.) The tilt stands raise the
front of the instrument for easier viewing of the front
panel.
2-12. Rack Mounting
1-1
The Distortion Analyzer is heavy for its
size
(11.8
kg,
26
lb). Care must be exercised
when lifting to avoid personal injury. Use
equipment slides when rack mounting.
DO NOT
the bottom panel. Since this instrument
does not
that good ventilation be provided.
for 1 to 2 inches clearance around the
bottom panel.
Rack mounting information is provided with the rack
mounting kits.
instrument as options, they may be ordered through
the nearest Hewlett-Packard office. Refer
graph
1-13,
2-13. STORAGE
BLOCK
use
If
Mechanical Options,
the ventilation holes in
a cooling fan, it is important
the kits were not ordered with the
in Section
AND
SHIPMENT
Allow
to
1.
para-
Temperature
Humidity
Altitude
2-1
5.
Packaging
Original Packaging.
cal to those used in factory packaging are available
through Hewlett-Packard offices.
is
being returned to Hewlett-Packard for servicing,
please fill out one of the blue tags located at the end
of this manual. Include on the tag the type of service
required, return address, model number, and full serial
number and attach
container “FRAGILE” to assure careful handling. In
any correspondence refer to the instrument by model
number and full serial number.
Other Packaging.
should be used for re-packaging with commercially
available materials:
a.
Wrap the instrument in heavy paper
(If shipping to a Hewlett-Packard office
center, complete one of the blue tags mentioned
above
Use a strong shipping container. A doublewall
b.
carton made of
is
adequate.
Use enough shock-absorbing material
C.
mm layer; 3 to 4 inches) around
instrument
movement in the container. Protect the front
panel with cardboard.
..................
........................
.............
and
attach
to
provide a firm cushion and prevent
15
300
Containers and materials identi-
it
to
the instrument.
The following general instructions
it
to the instrument.)
2.4
MPa
(350
-55°C
<95%
meters
(50
If
the instrument
psi)
test
all
to
+75”C
relative
000
Mark
or
plastic.
or
service
material
(75
to
sides
feet)
the
100
of
2-14. Environment
The instrument should be stored in a clean, dry
environment. The following environmental limitations apply to both storage and shipment:
Seal the shipping container securely.
d.
Mark the shipping container “FRAGILE
e.
sure careful handling.
to
as-
2-5
Model
89033
SIGNAL GROUND SHIELD -CONNECT TO
P/O TWISTED PAIR WITH
P/O
TWISTED PAIR WITH
SHOULD BE GROUNDED P/O TWISTED PAIR WITH
NEAR TERMINATION
OF
OTHER WIRE
TWISTED PAIR
OF
P/O TWISTED PAIR WITH
P/O TWISTED PAIR WITH
P/O TWISTED PAIR WITH
ISOMETRIC
THREAD M3.5 24-PIN MICRO-RIBBON
11
10
8
Installation
ATN EARTH
SRQ
9
7
6
IFC
NDAC
NRFD
DAV
EO1
Dl0
DIO 3
Dl0
DIO
(SERIES
4
2
1
GROUND
57)
CONNECTOR
logic levels
The Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus logic levels are
0.0
Vdc to
+0.4
Vdc and the false (0) state is 2.5 Vdc to +5 Vdc.
TTL
compatible, that is, the true
(1)
state is
Programming and Output Data Format
Refer to Section 3, “Operation”.
Mating Connector
HP 1251 -0293; Amphenol 57-30240.
Mating Cables Available
HP 10631A, 1 meter (3.3
HP 10631C, 4 meters (13.2
ft),
HP 10631B, 2 meters (6.6
ft),
HP 10631D,
0.5
ft)
meters (1.6
ft)
Cabling Restrictions
1.
A
Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus system may contain no more than 2 meters (6.6
connecting cable per instrument.
2. The maximum accumulative length of connecting cable for any Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus
is
system
20 meters (65.6
ft).
ft)
of
Figure
2-4.
Hewlett-Packard Interface
Bus
Connection
2-6
Model
89033
Operation
Section
OPERATION
3-1.
INTRODUCTION
3-2.
General
This section provides complete operating information
for the Distortion Analyzer. Included in this section
are descriptions of all front and rear-panel controls,
connectors, and indicators, remote and local opera-
tor’s checks, operating instructions, and operator’s
maintenance.
3-3.
Operating Characteristics
Table
characteristics of the Distortion Analvzer. The table
is not intended to be an in-depth listing of all operations and ranges but gives
capabilities.
Analyzer capabilities, refer to the description in Section
plemental Information.
capabilities, refer to the summary contained in Table
3-3,
3-
1
briefly summarizes the major operating
an
idea of the instrument’s
For
more information on the Distortion
1;
Table
1-1,
Specifications;
For
information on
Message Reference Table.
and Table 1-2,
HP-IB
Sup-
3
In single-ended (FLOAT switch
grounded position)
switch in FLOAT position) operation, the
input signal voltage is not to exceed
when referenced to ground, on the high
INPUT connector (inside conductor of the
BNC).
In differential (FLOAT switch
position) operation, the peak voltage on
low
the
of
Before the Distortion Analyzer is switched
on,
power source, or damage to the instrument
may result.
If the Distortion Analyzer
LINE
the
plugged in, follow these instructions.
INPUT connector (outer conductor
the BNC) is not to exceed
it
must
switch
or
differential (FLOAT
in
42V.
be set to the voltage of the
is
already plugged in, set
to
ON.
If the power cable
in
300V
FLOAT
is
not
A
3-4.
Turn-On Procedure
pziz-1
Before the Distortion Analyzer
on, all protective earth terminals, extension
cords, auto-transformers, and devices connected to it should be connected to a pro-
tective earth socket. Any interruption
the protective earth grounding will cause
a potential shock hazard that could result
in personal
a common ground exists between the unit
under test and the Distortion Analyzer
prior to energizing either
For continued protection against fire haz-
ard, replace the line fuse with a
delay fuse of the same rating. Do not use
repaired fuses
fuseholders.
To avoid the possibility of hazardous electrical shock, the input signal voltage on
the outer connector (referenced to ground),
is not to exceed
mode.
injury.
In addition, verify that
or
short-circuited
42V
peak
is
switched
unit.
250V
in
the FLOAT
of
time
1.
Check that the line voltage setting matches the
power source
2.
Check that the fuse rating is appropriate for the
line voltage used (see Figure
are given under paragraph
Maintenance.
3.
Plug in the power cable.
4.
Set the
When
front-panel indicators
imately
ment is ready to be operated.
3-5.
Local Operation
Information covering front-panel operation of the
Distortion Analyzer
below.
ment, begin with the Simplified Operation and Operator’s Checks. Once familiar with the general operation
of the instrument, use the Detailed Operating Instructions for in-depth and complete information on opera-
ting the Distortion Analyzer.
To
(see
Figure
LINE
rapidly learn the operation of the instru-
switch to
the LINE switch
4
seconds after which the instru-
is
2-1).
2-1).
Fuse Ratings
Operator’s
3-8,
ON.
NOTE
is
set to ON, all
will
light for approx-
given in the sections described
3-
1
Operation
Model 89033
Simplified Operation.
pages under
introduction to front-panel operation of the
Distortion Analyzer. It is designed to rapidly orient
the novice user with basic procedures and, therefore,
is not an exhaustive listing of all Distortion Analyzer
functions. However, an index to the Detailed Operating Instructions appears in Table 3-2 to guide the
operator to the more complete discussion of the topic
of interest.
Panel Features.
connectors are illustrated and described in Figure 3-1.
This figure describes the functions of the various key
groups and summarize briefly how to use them. Rearpanel features are shown in Figure 3-2.
Simplified Operation
Front-panel controls, indicators, and
Detailed Operating Instructions.
ating Instructions provide the complete operating
reference for the Distortion Analyzer user. The in-
structions are organized alphabetically by subtitle.
Not only do the instructions contain information on
the various measurements that can be made (listed
under titles such as AC Level, Distortion, etc.) but
there are also individual discussions of nearly all
controls, inputs, and outputs, (for example,
RMS Detector, Monitor, etc.). Also included are in-
structions for using the many User Special Functions
(for example, Hold Settings,
Functions, etc.). The Detailed Operating Instructions
are indexed by function in Table 3-2.
Each section contains a general description which
covers signal levels, ranges, and other general informa-
tion. Following the description are related procedures,
an operating example, the relevant HP-IB codes, front
panel indications, and, where pertinent, a description
of the technique the Distortion Analyzer uses to make
the measurement.
comments intended to guide the user away from
measurement pitfalls and to help get the most out
of
the Distortion Analyzer. Also included are references to other sections which contain related information. The Detailed Operating Instructions are de-
so
signed
can rapidly find at one location all the information
needed to apply the instrument to the task at hand.
that both casual and sophisticated users
Information on subsequent
provides a quick
The Detailed Oper-
Error
At
the end of each discussion are
Disable, Special
AVG/
basis for applying the Distortion Analyzer to various
measurement situations. Basics of Audio Measurements is a general discussion of audio measurements.
It
is
intended to provide an intuitive understanding
of audio measurements, rather than an in-depth mathematical analysis.
3-6.
Remote Operation
The Distortion Analyzer is capable of remote operation via the Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus (HP-IB).
Instructions pertinent to HP-IB operation cover all
considerations and instructions specific to remote op-
eration including capabilities, addressing, input and
output formats, the status byte, and service requests.
At
the end of the discussion is a complete summary
of all codes and formats.
In addition to the section described above, informa-
tion concerning remote operation appears in several
other locations.
under paragraph 2-7 in Section
of program strings appear throughout the Detailed
Operating Instructions described under Local Opera-
tion above.
3-7.
Operator’s Checks
Operator’s checks are procedures designed to verify
the proper operation of the Distortion Analyzer’s
main functions.
scribed below.
HP-IB
Two
Basic Functional Checks.
an
audio oscillator, oscilloscope, and inter-connecting
It
cables.
functions are being properly executed by the
Distortion Analyzer.
assumes that most front-panel controlled
HP-IB Functional Checks.
requires an HP-IB compatible computing controller
and an HP-IB interface and connecting cable. The
HP-IB Functional Checks assume that front-panel
operation has been verified (for example, by perform-
ing the Basic Functional Checks). The procedures
check all of the applicable bus messages summarized
in Table 3-3.
Address selection is discussed
2.
Numerous examples
procedures are provided
This procedure requires
This series of procedures
as
de-
Supplemental Information.
mation described above, several other discussions pertinent to the operating of the Distortion Analyzer to
its fullest capabilities are contained in Section
this manual. Principles of Operation
Block Diagram is
the Distortion Analyzer is, and how it
information supplements the block diagrams given in
the Detailed Operating Instructions and provides a
3-2
a
fundamental description
In addition to the infor-
1
of
for
a Simplified
of
what
works.
This
3-8.
Operator’s Maintenance
pG-1
For continued protection against fire haz-
ard, replace the line fuse with a
of
delay fuse
use repaired fuses
fuseholders.
the same rating
or
only.
short-circuited
250V
Do
time
not
Model
89033
Operation
The only maintenance the operator should normally
of
perform is the replacement
located within the Line Power Module
instructions on
2-1 steps
how
to change the fuse, refer to Figure
1
and 3 in Section 2,
the primary power fuse
(A14).
For
Installation.
Fuses may be ordered by looking up the reference
designator
ordering the correct part number for 100/120 Vac
F1
in Section
6,
Replaceable Parts,
and
or
for 2201240 Vac operation (both fuses are 250V time
delay).
Table
3-1.
Operating Characteristics Summary
Operating Parameter
Input
Limits
~ ~ ~~
Measurements
(including counter frequency
measurements except in
DC Level)
Frequency:
Level:
Impedance:
be selected.
AC LEVEL:
.3000 mV to 300.0V in seven ranges.
DC LEVEL 0 to 300 Vdc. Full range display from 4.000V to 300.0V in four ranges.
SINAD:
20
Hz
to
=O
to 300V ac or dc.
100
kQ (except DC Level);
=O
to 300 Vac;
50
mV to 300V;
100
NOTE
If
the instrument does not operate properly
and is being returned to Hewlett-Packard
for
service, please complete one
repair tags located at the end of this man-
ual
and
attach it to
to paragraph
2-15
the
instrument. Refer
in Section
2
ing instructions.
CaDa
bilities
kHz
(150
kHz, AC Level)
101
kQ (DC Level); floating input can
20
Hz to
150
kHz. Full range display from
20
Hz to
100
kHz. Display range 0 to 99.99 dB.
of
the blue
for
packag-
Detection
r
Audio
Filters
Manual Operation
DISTN:
True rms or average detection.
HP/BP FILTER-Up to
LP FILTER
Average and rrns detection, notch tune, ratio, log/linear, filter selection and
measurement selections can be manually controlled.
All
be controlled via the Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus.
50 mV to 300V; 20 Hz to 100 kHt. Display range -99.99 to
two
of
the following HP/BP filters may be installed:
HIGH PASS 400 Hz: 400 240
CCllT Weighting: Recommendation P53.
CClR Weighting: CClR 468-2,
C-MESSAGE: BSTM #41009 FIG
A-Weighting: ANSI S1.4, IEC rec 179, DIN 45633
CCIR/ARM Weighting: Dolby Labs
LOW PASS
30 kHz: 30
80 kHz: 80 24 kHz (3 dB cutoff).
Distortion Analyzer operations except the LINE and FLOAT switches can
22
kHz (3 dB cutoff).
Hz
(3 dB cutoff)
DIN
45405
1
0
dB.
3-3
Operation
Model
8903E
2 3
1
17
1.
HP-IB
Annunciators indicate remote operation
status.
2.
LCL
(local) key returns the Distortion Analyzer to
keyboard control from remote (HP-IB) control.
16
4
15
FLOAT
1
required.
LOW
12.
frequency noise.
5
67
14
13
switch provides floating input when
PASS
30 kHz and
12
8
80
kHz filters reject high
9
10
11
3.
Frequency Display
frequency units.
4.
MEASUREMENT CYCLE
measurement cycle.
5.
The
two
Numeric Displays
measurement results, error codes, or instrument
Special Function status.
6.
Measurement Display
measurement result units.
7.
RATIO
in % or dB relative to a reference.
8.
LOG/LIN
9.
Analyzer to make and display the selected
10.
key causes measurements to be displayed
key causes results to be displayed in loga-
rithmic or linear units.
MEASUREMENT
measurement.
INPUT
couples measurement signal into the instru-
ment.
Annunciators indicate the
Indicator blinks after each
show
the frequency,
Annunciators indicate the
keys command the Distortion
or
13.
RIGHT-MOST OPTIONAL PLUG-IN FILTER
lects the filter that is installed in the right-most filter
slot. The C-Message Weighting (bandpass) Filter
053)
(Option
ing to BSTM
14.
LEFT-MOST OPTIONAL PLUG-IN FILTER
the filter that is installed in the left-most filter slot.
The CClR Weighting (bandpass) Filter (Option 012)
shown weights receiver testing according
Recommendation
15.
NOTCH TUNE
control between Auto Tuned and Hold mode (locking
the Notch Filter at its current frequency setting).
16.
MONITOR OUTPUT
scaled voltage output representing the input signal.
In SINAD, distortion, and distortion level modes,
provides
with fundamental removed. Output impedance is
shown weights receiver testing accord-
41004.
key selects
468-2,
key switches the Notch Filter tune
a
scaled voltage output of the input signal
DIN
45405.
in ac level mode, provides a
6009.
17.
LINE
switch applies power
to
when set
ON.
to
the Distortion Analyzer
key se-
to
CCIR
3-4
Figure
3-1.
Front-Panel Features
Model
SI
Measurement
Filters
89033
M
PLI
F
I
ED OPE RATION
For ac level or distortion measurements, press:
AC
fi
Operation
or
LOW
30
I.1
LOG
PASS
kH2
Corresponding
Fllter
[.I
V
0
LIN
or mV
wno
RATIO
.
I
HP/BP
LP
RATIO and LOG/LIN
RATIO
LOG/LIN
Filter
To
activate any
Filter
To
activate the
To
set the displayed measurement as the ratio reference, press:
To convert from linear to logarithmic (or from logarithmic to linear) measurement units, press:
controlled only)
Error Disable
Hold Decimal Point (HP-IB
controlled only)
Hold Settings (HP-IB controlled only)
HP-IB Address
Input Level Range (DC Level) (HP-IB
controlled only)
Input Level Range (Except DC Level)
(HP-IB controlled only)
Notch Tune
Post-Notch Detector Filtering
(HP-IB controlled only)
Post-Notch Gain (HP-IB controlled only)
Read Display to HP-IB (HP-IB
controlled only)
Service Request Condition (HP-IB
controlled only)
Special Functions (HP-IB
controlled only)
Time Between Measurements (HP-IB
controlled only)
HP-IB
HP-IB Address
Rapid Frequency Count
Read Display to HP-I6
Service Request Condition
....................
.....................
........................
.....................
.......................
.....................
..............
.........................
..............
.....................
.....................
.....................
.....................
.......................
...............
................
.............
....
.
Page
3-41
3-42
3-47
3-57
3-58
3-59
3-61
3-62
3-67
3-68
3-69
3-75
3-76
3-80
3-86
3-59
3-70
3-75
3-76
Inputs and Outputs
Float
...............................
Monitor
3-6
.............................
3-55
3-64
Miscellaneous
Automatic Operation .................. 3-35
Default Conditions and
Power-Up Sequence
Float
...............................
................
3-40
3-55
Mode1
89033
HP-IB Connector
lyzer
to
the Hewlett-Packard Interface
remote operations. When in remote mode, the
front-panel
connects the Distortion Ana-
REMOTE
annunciator lights.
Bus
for
Fuse.
1.50A (250V, time delay) for 100/120 Vac.
0.75A
(250V, time delay) for 220/240
Operation
Vac.
\
Serial Number Plate.
letter comprise the prefix that denotes the instrument configuration. The last five digits form
the suffix that is unique
First
four
numbers and
to
each instrument.
/
Line Power Module
100,
120, 220,
in window indicates nominal tine voltage
which instrument must be connected (see Fig-
ure 2-1). Center conductor is safety earth ground.
permits operation
or
240
Vac. The number visible
from
to
Figure
3-2.
Rear Panel Features
1
3-7
Operation
3-9
OPERATOR’S CHECKS
Model 89033
OPERATOR’S CHECKS
3-10.
DESCRIPTION
Basic Functional
Using only an oscilloscope and an audio oscillator, the overall operation
Checks
Analyzer is verified.
OSClLLOSCOPE
In
II
I I
U
00
I
VERTICAL
0
INPUT
Figure
EQUIPMENT Audio Oscillator
.......................................
Check
OFF,
and then back
PROCEDURE:
Oscilloscope
Preliminary
1.
Remove any cables
to
display segments and decimal points, and key lights turn on. All LEDs should light
for approximately three seconds.
8903E
STORT
ION
ANAL
onno
0
€%?on
Functional Checks Setup
3-3.
D
I
I
Basic
........................
from
the Distortion Analyzer’s INPUT. Set the LINE switch
to
ON and note
.YZER
~
~~
INPUT
I
0
IO
-
HP339A or HP 8903B
that
the front-panel LED annunciators,
OUTPUT
HP1740A
AUDIO
OSC
of
the Distortion
I
LLATOR
2.
After the turn-on sequence, the left display should show
0.000
kHz
and the right
display should show a low flickering value in mV. In addition, the measurement
cycle annunciator in the upper left-hand corner of the right display should be blinking
and the AC
3.
Connect the audio oscillator output
LEVEL
a BNC-to-BNC cable. Set the FLOAT switch
4.
Connect the oscilloscope
5.
Set the audio oscillator
frequency of the audio oscillator,
show the amplitude
should show a
6.
Press the RATIO key. The RATIO light should light. The right display should show
1
kHz
and LOW
to
to
of
the audio oscillator, at approximately
(1
ms period) sine wave
PASS
80
kHz keys should light.
to
the INPUT of the Distortion Analyzer with
to
the ground position. See Figure
the MONITOR output. See Figure
1
Vrms
at 1 kHz. The left display should show the
at
approximately 1 kHz. The right display should
of
approximately 7 Vpp.
3-3.
1V.
The oscilloscope
100%.
NOTE
In this and the following
steps,
the displays
may
vary
a few least-significant
digits.
Press the AVG/RMS key. The AVG/RMS key should light. The right display should
7.
remain at approximately 100%.
3-3.
Model
89033
Operation
OPERATOR’S
8.
Press the AVG/RMS key. The AVG/RMS key should light. Set the FLOAT switch
CHECKS
to FLOAT. The right display should remain at approximately 100%.
9.
Set the FLOAT switch back to ground. Press the LOG/LIN key. The right display
should show
Filter
Check
10.
Adjust the frequency (but not the level) of the audio oscillator
kHz) until the right display reads
and
88
11.
Press the LOW
kHz.
0.00
dB.
PASS
-3
dB.
The left display should show between
30 kHz key. The LOW
PASS
(to
approximately
30 kHz key light should light.
Adjust the frequency (but not the level) of the audio oscillator (to approximately 30
kHz) until the right display reads -3
dB.
The left display should show between
and 34 kHz.
12.
Press the LOW
100 kHz. The right display should show between
13.
If the instrument has option 010
400
Hz
HIGH PASS key light should light. Adjust the frequency of the audio
oscillator (to approximately 400
PASS
30 kHz key again to turn it off. Set the audio oscillator to
-1
and
1
dB.
or
050
installed, press 400
Hz)
until the right display reads -3
Hz
HIGH
dB.
display should show between 360 and 440Hz.
PASS.
The left
80
72
26
The
14.
Press the filter key listed in the following table for the filter option installed in the
instrument. The respective key light should light.
For
each filter, set the audio
oscillator frequency as shown in the following tables. Verify that the level ratio in
the right display is within the limits shown for each frequency.
Oscillator Frequency
300
800
3
000
3
500
5
000
Oscillator Frequency
(Hz)
(Hz)
Ratio limits (dB)
-12.1
to
-9.1
-0.4
to
+0.4
-7.1
to
-4.1
-11.5
to
-5.5
-40.0
to
-32.0
Ratio Limits (dB)
1
200
6
300
7 100
10
000
20
000
31.5
-31.4
-14.5
+12.0
+11.7
+7.5
-23.7
to
to
to
to
to
to
-28.4
-13.1
+12.4
+12.3
+8.7
-20.7
3-9
Operation
Model 89033
OPERATOR’S
CHECKS
Table for C-Message Weighting Filter (Option
Oscillator Frequency
100
500
1
000
3
000
5
000
Table for
CCIRIARM
Oscillator Frequency
31.5
200
6 300
7
100
10
000
20
000
Oscillator Frequency
(Hz)
Ratio limits
-44.0
to
-9.0
to
-0.2
to
-4.0
to
-30.0
to
Weighting Filter (Option
(Hz)
(Hz)
Ratio Limits
-37.0
to
-20.1
to
+6.4
to
+6.1
to
11.9
to
-29.3
to
Ratio Limits
013
(dB)
-41.0
-6.0
+0.2
-1.0
-27.0
014
(dB)
-34.0
-18.7
1-6.8
+6.7
+3.1
-26.3
(dB)
or
or
053)
054)
-30.9
to
to
to
to
to
to
-29.5
-10.3
+0.2
+1.9
-1.8
-7.8
1
2
10
20
50
200
000
000
000
000
-11.7
-0.2
+0.5
-3.2
-10.8
Distortion Check
Set all filters
15.
on
the Distortion Analyzer off. Press the
LOW
PASS 80 kHz key.
Press the DISTN key. The DISTN key light should light.
1
Set the audio oscillator frequency to
16.
or
less.
SINAD
17.
18.
19.
Check
Press the S (Shift) SINAD keys. The SINAD key light should light. The right
display should show 80
dB
or
more.
Press the Notch Tune key. The NOTCH TUNE
Set the audio oscillator frequency to 890 Hz. The right display should show between
12
and 19
dB.
kHz. The right display should show 0.01%
KEY
light should light.
3-10
DC Level
20.
Check
Press the S (Shift) and DC LEVEL keys. The DC Level light should light. The
right display should show between -10 and 10mV. (With an ac voltage applied to
the input, the reading will not be steady.)
Model 89033
3-1
1.
HP-I6
Operation
OPERATOR’S CHECKS
Functional Checks
DESCRIPTION:
The following ten procedures check the Distortion Analyzer’s ability to process
all
of
the applicable HP-IB messages described in Table
Analyzer’s ability to recognize its HP-IB address is checked and all of the bus
handshake, and control lines except D108 (the most significant
are
used by the Distortion Analyzer)
procedures do not check whether
properly interpreted and executed by the instrument, however, if the front-panel operation
is good, the program codes, in all likelihood will be correctly implemented.
The validity
The Distortion Analyzer performs properly when operated via the front-panel keys
(that is, in local mode). This can be verified with the Basic Functional Checks.
The bus controller properly executes HP-IB operations.
The bus controller’s HP-IB interface properly executes the HP-IB operations.
If the Distortion Analyzer appears to fail any
above assumptions should be confirmed before attempting to service the instrument.
The select code of the controller’s HP-IB interface
the Distortion Analyzer is assumed
code-address combination (that is, 728) is not necessary for these checks to be
However, the program lines presented here would have to be modified
combination.
of
these checks
is
based on the following assumptions:
set to both their true and false
or
not
all
Distortion Analyzer program codes are being
of
these HP-IB checks, the validity of the
to
be
28
(its
address
3-3.
In addition, the Distortion
is
assumed to be
as
set
at
data
line which
7.
The address
the factory). This select
for
states.
any other
or
send
data,
is
These
valid.
not
of
These checks are intended to be as independent of each other as possible. Nevertheless,
the first four checks should be performed in order before other checks are selected. Any
special initialization
INITIAL
SETUP:
EQUIPMENT:
The test setup
bus controller via the HP-IB interface. Do not connect any equipment
Analyzer’s INPUT.
HP-IB Controller
Address Recognition
NOTE
This check determines whether
addressed and when it is not. This check assumes only that the Distortion Analyzer can
properly handshake on the bus. Before beginning this check, set the Distortion Analyzer’s
LINE switch to OFF, then
-or-
-or-
is
the same
. . . . . .
or
requirements for a check are described at its beginning.
for
all
of
the checks. Connect the Distortion Analyzer to the
to
HP 9825A/98213A (General and Extended
HP 85B option
HP 9000 Model 226
or
not the Distortion Analyzer recognizes when it is being
to
ON.
007
or
any HP 9000 series 200 Computer
1/0
the Distortion
ROM)
3-11
Operation
Model 89033
OPERATOR’S CHECKS
Description
Set the Remote Enable
(REN)
line false.
Send the Distortion Analyzer’s listen address.
OPERATORS
Check that the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE annunciator is off and that
RESPONSE DRESSED annunciator is on.
Unaddress the Distortion Analyzer
ing a different address.
OPERATOR’S
Check that both the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE and ADDRESSED annunciators
RESPONSE are off.
Remote and Local Messages and the LCL
NOTE
This check determines whether the Distortion Analyzer properly switches from local to
remote control,
instrument
from
remote to local control, and whether the LCL key returns the
to
local control. This check assumes that the Distortion Analyzer
both handshake and recognize
Distortion Analyzer’s LINE switch to
bus
Key
its
control
HPL
IC1
wrt
7
728
BASIC
LOCAL
OUTPUT
7
728
its
by
send-
wrt
729
OUTPUT
729
is
able
own address. Before beginning this check, set the
OFF,
then
to
ON.
AD-
to
Send the Remote message
mote Enable,
REN,
Distortion Analyzer to listen).
OPERATOR’S
Check that both the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE and ADDRESSED annunciators
RESPONSE are on.
Send the Local message to
Analyzer.
OPERATORS
Check that the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE annunciator is off but its ADDRESSED
RESPONSE annunciator is on.
Send the Remote message
Analyzer.
OPERATOR’S
RESPONSE
Check that both the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE and ADDRESSED annunciators
are on. Press the LCL key on the Distortion Analyzer. Check that the Distortion Analyzer’s
REMOTE annunciator is now off, but that its ADDRESSED annunciator remains on.
~ ~~
(by
setting Re-
true and addressing the
the
Distortion
to
the Distortion
rem
Id
rem
728
728
728
REMOTE
LOCAL
REMOTE
728
728
728
3-12
Model 89033
Operation
Sending the Data Message
NOTE
This check determines whether
messages when addressed to talk. This check assumes that the Distortion Analyzer
able to handshake and recognize its own address. Before beginning this check, set the
Distortion Analyzer’s LINE switch
is complete, press the DISTN key.
Address the Distortion Analyzer to
store its output data in variable
E96
since there is no signal at its INPUT.)
OPERATOR’S
RESPONSE
put is
Display the value
Check that the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE annunciator
DRESSED annunciator is on. The controller’s display should read 9009600000.00 (HPL)
or
9009600000 (BASIC).
Receiving the Data Message
OPERATOR’S
Description
of
V.
CHECKS
or
not the Distortion Analyzer properly issues Data
to
OFF,
then to ON, then after the power-up sequence
talk
V.
(The out-
and
HPL
red 728,V ENTER 728;V
dsp
V
is
BASIC
PRINT
off but that
V
its
is
AD-
NOTE
This check determines whether
or
not the Distortion Analyzer properly receives Data
messages. The Data messages sent also cause the
be placed in both their true and false states. This check assumes the Distortion Analyzer
is
able to handshake, recognize
its
own
transitions. Before beginning this check, set the Distortion Analyzer’s LINE switch
OFF,
then to
ON.
Description
OPERATOR’S
RESPONSE
Send the first part
(enabling the Distortion Analyzer to remote).
Address the Distortion Analyzer to listen
(completing the Remote message), then
a
send
Distortion measurement).
Data message (selecting the
Check that both the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE and ADDRESSED annunciators
are on. Check also that
of
the Remote message
its
Distortion key light
Local Lockout and Clear Lockout/Set Local Messages
NOTE
This check determines whether
or
not the Distortion Analyzer properly receives the Local
Lockout message, disabling all front-panel keys. The check also determines whether
not the Clear Lockout/Set Local message is properly received and executed by the Distortion
Analyzer. This check assumes that the Distortion Analyzer is able to handshake, recognize
its own address, and properly make the remote/local transitions. Before beginning this
check, set the Distortion Analyzer’s LINE switch to
7
least significant HP-IB
data
lines to
address and properly make the remote/local
to
HPL
rem 7 REMOTE 7
wrt
728,“M3 OUTPUT 728;“M3”
is
on.
BASIC
or
OFF,
then to ON.
3-
13
Operation
Model
89033
OPERATOR’S
RESPONSE
OPERATOR’S
RESPONSE
Clear
Message
Send the
first
OPERATOR’S
Description
part
of
the Remote message
CHECKS
HPL
rem
BASIC
7
REMOTE
7
(enabling the Distortion Analyzer to remote).
Send the Local Lockout message.
Address the Distortion Analyzer to listen
I10
wrt
7
728
LOCAL
OUTPUT
LOCKOUT
728
7
(completing the Remote message).
Check that both the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE and ADDRESSED annunciators
its
are on. Press the Distortion Analyzer’s LCL key. Both
REMOTE and ADDRESSED
annunciators should remain on.
Send the Clear Lockout/Set Local message.
Check that the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE annunciator
IC1
7
LOCAL
is
off
but its ADDRESSED
7
annunciator is on.
7
NOTE
OPERATOR’S
RESPONSE
This check determines whether
Clear message. This check assumes that the Distortion Analyzer is able
its
recognize
own address, make the remote/local changes and receive Data messages.
Before beginning this check set the Distortion Analyzer’s LINE switch to
or
not the Distortion Analyzer properly responds
to
handshake,
OFF,
then to
to
the
ON.
Description
Send the first part
(enabling the Distortion Analyzer
of
the Remote message
to
remote).
Address the Distortion Analyzer to listen
rem
wrt
728,”M3
HPL
7
BASIC
REMOTE
7
OUTPUT 728;”M3”
(completing the Remote message), then
send a Data message that selects the
Distortion measurement.
Check that both the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE and ADDRESSED annunciators
are on and that the Distortion key light is also on.
Send
the
Clear message (setting the
Distortion Analyzer’s measurement to
AC
clr 728 RESET 728
LEVEL).
OPERATORS
RESPONSE
3-14
Check that both the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE and ADDRESSED annunciators
are on and that the AC LEVEL key light is on.
~
Model 89033
Operation
~~~~ ~
Abort
NOTE
Message
This check determines whether or not the Distortion Analyzer becomes unaddressed when
it
receives the Abort message. This check assumes that the Distortion Analyzer
to handshake, recognize its own address, make the remote/local changes, and enter serial
poll mode. Before beginning this check, set the Distortion Analyzer’s LINE switch to
OFF,
Send
Analyzer.
OPERATORS
RESPONSE are on.
Check that both the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE and ADDRESSED annunciators
Send
Distortion Analyzer to listen.
OPERATOR’S CHECKS
then to ON.
Description
the Remote message to
the
Abort message, unaddressing
the
Distortion
the
HPL
rem
cli
728
7
BASIC
REMOTE
ABORT10
728
7
is
able
OPERATORS
RESPONSE
Check that the Distortion Analyzer’s ADDRESSED annunciator
BASIC “ABORTIO” statement sends both the Abort message and the Local message.
if
HPL
is
Thus
remain on.
being used, the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE annunciator should
If
BASIC
is
being used, the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE annunciator
should turn off.
Send
the
OPERATOR’S
Local message
Address
store
the
its
output data
Distortion Analyzer
Check that the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE annunciator is off but that its AD-
in
variable
(HPL
RESPONSE DRESSED annunciator is on.
Send
the Abort message, unaddressing
Distortion Analyzer to talk.
OPERATOR’S
Check that both the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE
RESPONSE off.
only).
to
talk and
V.
the
red
IC1
728.V
cli
is
off. Note that the
7
(The Local message was
sent
with
already
ABORT10
7
the
statement
above.)
ENTER
7
an
ADDRESSED annunciators are
728:V.
ABORT10
7
3-15
Operation
a
OPERATOR’S CHECKS
Send
the
serial poll-enable bus command
(SPE) through the interface to place the
Distortion Analyzer in serial-poll mode.
wti 0,7; wti 6,24
Model 89033
SENDBUS 728; 1,24
OPERATOR’S
RESPONSE
OPERATORS
RESPONSE
Status
NOTE
Byte
Send Special Function 61.3
On the Distortion Analyzer, the right display should show
Analyzer
Send the Abort message, removing the
Distortion Analyzer from serial-poll mode.
Check that the Distortion Analyzer’s right display shows
Analyzer properly left serial-poll mode upon receiving the Abort message.
is
in serial-poll mode (indicated by the
wrt
728,”61.3SP” OUTPUT 728; “61.3SP
1.0.
This indicates the Distortion
“1”).
cli 7 ABORT10 7
0.0.
This indicates the Distortion
Message
This check determines whether or not the Distortion Analyzer sends the Status Byte
message in both the local and remote modes. This check assumes that the Distortion
Analyzer is able
changes. Before beginning this check, set the Distortion Analyzer’s LINE switch to
then to ON.
Place the Distortion Analyzer in serial-poll
mode and address it to talk (causing it to
send the Status Byte message).
to
handshake, recognize its own address, and make the remote/local
Description
HPL
rds (728)
-
V
BASIC
STATUS 728;V
OFF,
OPERATORS
RESPONSE
Display the value of V.
Check that Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE annunciator
of
vintage
annunciator may be either on
0
(BASIC).
Send the Remote message.
Place the Distortion Analyzer in serial-poll
mode and address it to talk (causing it to
send the Status Byte message).
Display
the HP-IB interface (HPL) used, the Distortion Analyzer’s ADDRESSED
or
off. The controller’s display should read
the
value of V.
dsp V PRINT
rem 728 REMOTE 728
rds (728)
-
dsp V PRINT V
is
off. Depending upon the
0.00
V
STATUS 728;V
V
(HPL)
or
1
3-16
Model 89033
Operation
a
OPERATOR’S
Require Service Message
NOTE This check determines whether
Service message (set the SRQ bus control line true). This check assumes that the Distortion
Analyzer
is
able to handshake, recognize
and receive Data messages. Before beginning this check, set the Distortion Analyzer’s
OFF,
LINE switch to
then to ON, then after the power-up sequence is complete, press
the DISTN key.
Description
Send
the
first
part of the Remote message
(enabling
Address
(completing
the
Distortion Analyzer to remote).
the Distortion Analyzer to listen
the
Remote message) then
a Data message (enabling a Require Service
message to
be
sent upon Instrument Error).
Make the controller wait 2 seconds to allow
time
for
the
Distortion Analyzer to send the
Require
necessary
Service message.
if
sufficient time
(This
is
allowed.)
CHECKS
or
not the Distortion Analyzer can issue the Require
its
own address, make the remote/local changes,
step
is
send
not
HPL
rem
wrt
728.”22.4SP
wait
7
OUTPUT
2000
BASIC
REMOTE
728;“22.4SP
WAIT
2000
7
Read the binary status of the controller’s
HP-IB interface and store the data
ble V
(in
this
step,
7
is
the interface’s select
code).
OPERATORS
RESPONSE
Display
step,
Check that the SRQ value
Service message.
7
the
is
value of the
the SRQ
SRQ
bit,
numbered from
Trigger Message and Clear Key Triggering
NOTE
This check determines whether
message and whether the CLEAR key serves as a manual trigger in remote. This check
assumes that the Distortion Analyzer is able to handshake, recognize its own address,
make the remote/local changes, and send and receive Data messages. Before beginning
this check, set the Distortion Analyzer’s LINE switch to
the power-up sequence is complete, press the DISTN key.
rds
(7) - V
in
varia-
bit
(in
(in
this
0).
is
1,
indicating the Distortion Analyzer issued the Require
or
not the Distortion Analyzer responds to the Trigger
dsp“SRQ=”,
(7 7V)
bit
OFF,
STATUS
PRINT “SRQ=”;BIT
then to ON, then, when
7; V
(V,7)
3-17
Operation
a
Model 89033
OPERATORS
RESPONSE
OPERATOR’S
Description
Send the
(enabling the Distortion Analyzer to remote).
Address the Distortion Analyzer to listen
(completing the Remote message), then
send a Data message (placing the Distortion
Analyzer
Send the Trigger message.
Address the Distortion Analyzer to talk and
store the data
Display the value
Check that both the Distortion Analyzer’s REMOTE and ADDRESSED annunciators
are on. The controller’s display should read 9009600000.00 (HPL)
first
part
in
Hold mode).
in
variable
of
the Remote message
V.
of
V.
CHECKS
wrt
red
HPL
rem
728,
trg
dsp
7
728
728,
V
“Tl”
V
~~~
REMOTE
OUTPUT
TRIGGER
ENTER
PRINT
or
9009600000 (BASIC).
728;
728
728;V
V
7
“Tl”
OPERATOR’S
RESPONSE
Address the Distortion Analyzer to talk and
I
store the data
Check that the controller’s “run” indicator is still on indicating that it has not received
data from the Distortion Analyzer. Press the Distortion Analyzer’s
keys (instrument clear). The controller’s “run” indicator should turn off.
in
variable
V.
red
728,V
I
~ ENTER~~~:V-~
S
(Shift) AVG/RMS
3-18
Model 89033
Operation
3-12. REMOTE OPERATION, HEWLETT-
PACKARD INTERFACE
The Distortion Analyzer can be operated through the
Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus (HP-IB). Bus compatibility, programming, and data formats are described
in the following paragraphs.
Except for the LINE switch, the low terminal ground/
FLOAT switch, and the Controller Reset Service Special Function, all Distortion Analyzer operations (including service related functions)
programmable via HP-IB. In addition, rapid
frequency count capabilities (not available from the
front-panel) are provided in remote operation.
the Special Functions and the distortion level
measurement mode are available only through HP-IB
control.
A
quick test of the HP-IB
HP-IB Functional Checks. These checks verify that
the Distortion Analyzer can respond
of the applicable bus messages described in Table 3-3.
For more information about HP-IB, refer to IEEE
488,
Standard
Packard Electronic Systems and Instruments catalog,
and the booklet, “Improving Measurements in Engi-
neering and Manufacturing” (HP part number
5952-0058).
ANSI Standard MC1.1, the Hewlett-
BUS
1/0
is described under
to
or
are fully
All
send each
3-13. HP-IB Compatibility
The Distortion Analyzer’s complete bus compatibility
(as defined by IEEE Standard
ANSI Standard MC1.l) is described at the end of
Table 3-3. Table 3-3 also summarizes the Distortion
Analyzer’s HP-IB capabilities in terms
bus messages in the left-hand column.
488,
and the identical
of
the twelve
3-14. Remote Mode
Remote Capability.
Analyzer’s front-panel controls are disabled (exceptions are the LCL key and the Clear Key Function,
S
(Shift) AVG/RMS). However, front-panel displays
and the signal at various outputs remain active and
valid. In remote, the Distortion Analyzer may be
addressed to talk
the Distortion Analyzer will respond to the Data,
Trigger, Clear (SDC), and Local messages. When addressed to talk, the Distortion Analyzer can issue the
Data and Status Byte messages. Whether addressed
or
not, the Distortion Analyzer will respond
Clear (DCL), Local Lockout, Clear Lockout/Set
In remote, most of the Distortion
or
listen. When addressed to listen,
to
the
Local, and Abort messages, and in addition, the
Distortion Analyzer may issue the Require Service
message. Local-to-Remote Mode Changes. The
Distortion Analyzer switches to remote operation
of
upon receipt
message has two parts. They are:
Remote enable bus control line (REN) set true
Device listen address received once (while REN is
true)
When the Distortion Analyzer switches to remote,
both the REMOTE and ADDRESSED annunciators
its
on
3-15.
front panel will turn on.
Local
Local Capability.
front-panel controls are fully operational and the instrument will respond to the
Whether addressed
Clear, Local Lockout, Clear Lockout/Set Local, and
the Abort messages. When addressed to talk, the
instrument can issue Data messages and the Status
Byte
message, and whether addressed or not,
issue the Require Service message.
Remote-to-Local Mode Changes.
Analyzer always switches to local from remote when-
it
ever
Lockout/Set Local message. (The Clear Lockout/Set
Local message sets the Remote Enable control line
[REN] false.) If
Distortion Analyzer switches
whenever its front panel LCL key
receives the Local message (GTL)
the Remote message. The Remote
Mode
In local, the Distortion Analyzer’s
Remote message.
or
not,
it
will also respond to the
The Distortion
or
the Clear
it
is
not in Local Lockout mode, the
to
local from remote
is
pressed.
it
can
3-16. Addressing
The Distortion Analyzer interprets the byte on the
data
bus’ eight
if the
bus
line (ATN) true and interface clear control line (IFC)
false. Whenever the Distortion Analyzer is being addressed (whether in local
DRESSED annunciator on the front-panel will turn
on.
The Distortion Analyzer talk and listen addresses are
switch selectable as described under paragraph
in Section
listing of all valid HP-IB address codes.
the present address setting, refer to the discussion
titled HP-IB Address in the Detailed Operating In-
structions near the end of this section.
lines as an address
is
in
the command mode: attention control
2.
Refer to Table
or
a bus command
or
remote), the AD-
2-1
for a comprehensive
To
determine
2-7
3-19
Operation
ipplicable
Table
3-3.
Message Reference Table
Response
(1
of
2)
Model
Related
Commands
and
Controls
89033
Interface
Functions'
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
All
Distortion Analyzer operations except the LINE and
FLOAT switch functions are bus-programmable. All
measurement results, special displays, and error outputs
except the
If
in remote and addressed to listen, the Distortion
Analyzer makes a settled measurement according to previously programmed setup. It responds equally to bus command GET and program code T3, Trigger with Settling (a
Data message).
Sets MEASUREMENT to AC LEVEL with the
FILTER on, and sets the trigger mode to free run. Resets
many additional parameters as shown in Table
Status Byte,
and Local Lockout. Sets the Service Request Condition to
the
22.2
and Selected Device Clear (SDC) bus commands.
Remote mode is enabled when the REN bus control line is
true. However, remote mode is not entered until the first
time the Distortion Analyzer is addressed to listen. The
front-panel REMOTE annunciator lights when the instrument
is actually in the remote mode. When entering remote
mode, no instrument settings or functions are changed, but
all front-panel keys except LCL are disabled, and entries in
progress are cleared.
'I-
- -
-"
display are available to the bus.
80
kHz LP
3-5. Clears
RQS
bit, Require Service message (if issued)
state. Responds equally to Device Clear (DCL)
~~~ ~~
GET
DCL
SDC
REN
AH
1
SH
1
T5, TEO
L3, LEO
DT1
DC1
RL1
Yes The Distortion Analyzer returns to local mode (front-panel
control). Responds equally to the GTL bus command and
the front-panel LCL key. When entering local mode, no in-
strument settings or functions are changed but entries in
progress are cleared. In local, triggering is free run only.
Yes Disables all front-panel keys including LCL. Only the con-
troller can return the Distortion Analyzer to local (front-
panel control).
Clear
Lockout/
Set Local
Pass Control/
Take Control
Require
Service
*Commands, Control lines, and Interface Functions are defined in
necessary
column.
Yes
No
Yes
if
your controller's manual describes programming in terms of
The Distortion Analyzer returns to local (front-panel control)
and local lockout is cleared when the REN bus control line
goes false. When entering local mode, no instrument settings or functions are changed, but entries in progress are
cleared. In local, triggering is free run only.
The Distortion Analyzer has no control capability.
The Distortion Analyzer sets the
if an invalid program code is received. The Distortion
Analyzer will also set
so,
to do
strument error occurs.
when measurement data is ready or when an in-
SRQ
SRQ
bus control line true
true, if enabled by the operator
IEEE
Std.
488.
Knowledge
the
twelve
HP-IB Messages shown in
GTL RL1
LLO RL1
REN RL1
SRQ
of
these
might not
the
co
SR1
be
left
3-20
Model
89033
Table
3-3.
Message Reference Table
Response
(2
Operation
of
2)
Related
Commands
and
Controls
Interface
Functions*
Status Byte
c-c
I
Status
Abort
Bit
t
'Commands, Control lines, and Interface Functions are defined in IEEE Std.
necessary if your controller's manual describes programming in terms of the twelve
column.
Complete
SR1,
Local Lockout.
rupted, which can happen by returning the Distortion
Analyzer to local mode by pressing the LCL key, the
data could be lost. This would leave the Distortion
Analyzer in an unknown state. To prevent this, a
local lockout is recommended. Local lockout disables
the LCL key (and the Clear Key Function,
AVG/RMS) and allows return-to-local only under
program control.
3-17.
The Distortion Analyzer communicates on the inter-
bus
face
consist of one
bus lines, when the bus
HP-IB
RL1,
PPO,
Return-to-local can also be accomplished
by
turning the Distortion Analyzer's
switch to
this technique has several disadvantages:
It defeats the purpose and advantages of
local lockout (that
ler will lose control of a system
element).
There are several
reset to default states at turn-on.
Data Messages
primarily with data messages. Data messages
Yes
I
Yes
I I
capability
DC1, DT1,
When a data transmission is inter-
OFF,
then back to
or
more bytes sent over the 8 data
The Distortion Analyzer responds to a Serial
(SPE)
bus
command
dressed to talk.
line
true
trol
(RQS
bit)
condition causing the Require Service message to be
sued
will
latched
1)
removing the causing condition, and
2)
reading the Status Byte.
The Distortion Analyzer does not respond
The Distortion Analyzer stops talking and listening.
as
defined
CO,
El.
(issuing
in
the Status Byte and
both
but
can be cleared
~~~ ~
in
IEEE
NOTE
by
sending an 8-bit byte
If
the instrument
the Require Service message) bit
be
true. The
Std.
488
S
(Shift)
is
the
bits
in
the
by:
and ANSI
control line [ATN] false). Unless
Only, the Distortion Analyzer receives data messages
when addressed
Only, the Distortion Analyzer sends data messages
or
the Status Byte message (if enabled) when addressed
available in local mode may be performed in remote
mode via
changing the LINE switch and the FLOAT switch.
In addition, the Distortion Analyzer may be triggered
via data messages
lar time.
LINE
ON.
However,
is,
the system control-
HP-IB
is
in the data mode (attention
conditions that
3-18.
Depending on how the internal address switches are
set, the Distortion Analyzer can either talk only, talk
status only, listen only,
operation). The instrument responds to Data messages when
true) and
Only.
mains addressed to listen until
message
command is sent by the controller.
Listen Only.
is set to
Poll
Enable
when
ad-
holding the
bit
representing the
Status
Std.
to
Receiving the
If
not set to Listen Only, the instrument re-
or
"l",
SRQ
con-
7
is-
Byte
are
to
a parallel poll.
488.
Knowledge of these might not be
HP-IB
Messages shown in the left
MC1.1
talk. Virtually all instrument operations
data
is:
SH1,
to
listen. Unless
messages. The only exceptions are
to
make measurements at a particu-
Data
or
talk and listen both (normal
it
is enabled to remote (REN control line
it
is addressed to listen
until
its
talk address
If
the internal LON (Listen Only) switch
the Distortion Analyzer is placed in the
SPE
SPD
~~
I
FC
AH1, T5,
it
Message
it
or
a universal unlisten
it
receives an Abort
T5,
T5,
L3,
TEO,
L3, LEO,
is
set
is
set to Listen
or
set to Listen
TEO
PPO
TEO
LEO
to
Talk
3-21
Operation
Model 89033
Listen Only mode when the remote enable bus control
line (REN) is set true. The instrument then responds
to all Data messages, and the Trigger, Clear, and
it
Local Lockout messages. However,
responding to the Local
responding to a serial poll with the Status Byte
message.
Listen Only mode is provided to allow the Distortion
Analyzer to accept programming from devices other
than controllers (for example, card readers).
Data
Input
program string, consists of a series of ASCII codes.
Each code is typically equivalent to a front-panel
keystroke in local mode. Thus, for a given operation,
the program string syntax in remote mode
same as the keystroke sequence in local mode.
Example 1 shows the general case programming order
for selecting Distortion Analyzer functions. Specific
program order considerations are discussed in
following paragraphs under “Program Order Considerations”. All functions can be programmed together
as
a continuous string as typified in Example
string in Example
(with Automatic Operation), selects a distortion
measurement with 30 kHz low-pass filtering and log
units, then triggers a settled measurement.
Program
controlling Distortion Analyzer functions are summarized in Table 3-6. All front-panel keys except the
LCL key have corresponding program codes.
Table 3-4 shows the Distortion Analyzer’s response
to various ASCII characters not used in
The characters in the upper table will be ignored
Format.
Codes.
or
Abort messages and from
The Data message string,
2
clears most Special Functions
All
of
the valid HP-IB codes
is inhibited from
or
is
the
2.
The
for
its
code set.
unless they appear between two characters of a
program code. The characters in the lower table,
received by the Distortion Analyzer, will always cause
24
Error
a Require Service message to be generated. The controller recognizes the invalid code entry and clears
the Require Service condition. Thereafter, the invalid
code entry is ignored, and subsequent valid entries
are processed in normal fashion. As a convenience,
all lower case alpha characters are treated as upper
case.
In addition to the ignored codes given in Table 3-4,
codes used in the HP 8903A and 8903B Audio Analyzers but not common to the Distortion Analyzer are
ignored. (They do not generate an error message.)
the High-Pass/Bandpass (optional plug-in filters) and
Low-Pass Filters and the Notch Tune, the AVG/
RMS, and Ratio functions toggle
successive keystrokes. In remote mode, these func-
tions do not toggle on and off. Instead, each of the
above groups has a specific code which turns off all
the keys in the group. The HP-IB codes for turning
off these functions are given in the table below.
I
Average
HP/BP
LP
NOTCH
RATIO
Programming Numeric Data.
references to the Distortion Analyzer, certain precautions should be observed. Numeric data may be
entered in fixed, floating point,
mats. Usually, numeric data consists of
tissa of up to five digits (including leading zeros),
one decimal point, and onenent. The decimal point may fall between any two
digits of the mantissa but should not appear ahead
of the fiist digit.
automatically inserted by the Distortion Analyzer.
Any digit beyond the five allowed for the mantissa
will be received as zero. The general format for numeric data entry
examples illustrating various entries and the resulting
data as received by the Distortion Analyzer.
off
Functions.
Function
off
(returns
FILTERS
FILTERS all
HOLD
off
When operating in local mode
on
and off with
I
HP-IB
to
RMS
mode)
all
off
off
off
When entering ratio
or
exponential for-
a
signed man-
or
two-digit signed expo-
If
it
does, a leading zero will be
is
given below, followed by several
Code
General Numeric Data Input Format:
+DDDDDE+NN
TTTT
5-Digit SignedA
Mantissa
Indicates Exponent
Example: + .12345E+01 issued
Example: 0.123403+01 received by
Example: +1234563+01 issued
Example: +12345OE+Ol received by
Example: +00012345 issued
Example: 12000 received by
In general,
significant digits than can be displayed on the
Distortion Analyzer’s five-digit left display.
Follows
Distortion Analyzer
do
not issue numeric
LExponent Magnitude
IIL
Distortion Analyzer
Distortion Analyzer
Exponent Sign
data
with more
Triggering Measurements with the Data Message.
A
feature that
ming is the selection of free run, standby,
operation of the Distortion Analyzer. During local
operation the Distortion Analyzer
run, outputting data to the display as each
measurement
tional operating modes are allowed: Hold, Trigger
Immediate, and Trigger with Settling. In addition,
the Clear Key Function can act as a manual trigger
while the instrument is in remote. The trigger modes
I
and use of the Clear Key Function are described
below.
Free
Run
operation and
no other trigger mode has been selected. The
measurement result data available to the bus are
constantly being updated as rapidly as the Distortion
Analyzer can make measurements.
message
Distortion Analyzer to the Free Run mode.
Hold
(Tl).
measurements (initiated by program codes T2
the Trigger message,
plained below). In Hold mode, internal settings can
be altered by the instrument itself
the bus. Thus, the signal at the MONITOR output
can change. However, the instrument
from outputting any data
and display,
instrument will issue the Require Service message
if an HP-IB code error occurs. The instrument will
issue the Status
serial poll, however, will trigger a new measurement,
update displays, and return the instrument to Hold.)
Upon leaving Hold, the front-panel indications are
updated
Status
message issued) by the events that occur during the
new measurement cycle. The Distortion Analyzer
leaves Hold when
Trigger Immediate, Trigger with Settling codes,
the Trigger Message, when the S (Shift) AVG/RMS
keys (the Clear Key Function) are pressed (if not in
Local Lockout),
operation.
Byte
Trigger Immediate (T2).
Analyzer receives the Trigger Immediate code,
akes one measurement in the shortest possible time.
!
he instrument then waits for the measurement
results to be read. While waiting, the instrument can
is
only available via remote program-
is
allowed
is
completed. In remote, three addi-
(TO).
or
entry into remote
as
the new measurement cycle begins. The
will
This mode
is
the mode of operation in effect when
This mode
is
or
the Clear Key Function ex-
to
or
to
the HP-IB except as follows. The
Byte
message
be affected (and the Require Service
it
receives either the Free Run,
or
when
is
identical to local
A
Device Clear
from local sets the
used to set up triggered
or
by the user via
the front-panel key lights
if
serial polled.
it
returns to local
When the Distortion
or
triggered
is
inhibited
to
or
free
T3,
or
(A
or
it
3-23
Operation
Model 89033
process most bus commands without losing the
if
measurement results. However,
ceives GTL (Go To Local), GET (Group Execute
or
its
Trigger),
the Clear Key Function, a new measurement cycle
will be executed. Once the data (measurement results)
are read onto the bus, the Distortion Analyzer reverts
to the Hold mode. Measurement results obtained via
Trigger Immediate are normally valid only when the
instrument
Trigger with Settling
is
identical to Trigger Immediate except the
Distortion Analyzer inserts a settling-time delay
before taking the requested measurement. This settling time
measurement results. Trigger with Settling
ger type executed when a Trigger message is received
via the bus.
listen address
is
in a steady, settled state.
(T3).
is
sufficient to produce valid, accurate
the instrument re-
or
if
it
is
triggered by
Trigger with Settling
is
the trig-
Triggering Measurements with the Clear Key
Function.
Hold and not in Local Lockout, the front-panel Clear
Key Function may be used to issue a Trigger with
Settling instruction. First place the instrument in
Hold mode (code
pressing the
time this key sequence is entered the Distortion
Analyzer performs one Trigger with Settling
Measurement cycle, then waits for the data to be
read. Once the data is read out
ment returns to Hold mode.
between trigger cycles,
acquired from subsequent measurements.
Special Considerations
When in free-run mode, the Distortion Analyzer must
pay attention
example, serial poll enable (SPE), local lockout (LLO),
etc. In addition,
pay attention
example,
(GET), etc. As a consequence of this, the Distortion
Analyzer must interrupt the current measurement
cycle
to these commands
of the measurements are transitory, the measurement
must be re-initiated following each interruption.
Thus, if much bus activity occurs while the Distortion
Analyzer is trying to take a measurement, that
measurement may never be completed.
Trigger Immediate and Trigger with Settling provide
a way to avoid this problem. When the Trigger Imme-
diate
received, the Distortion Analyzer will not allow its
measurement to be interrupted. (Indeed, handshake
When the Distortion Analyzer
Tl).
Trigger the measurement by
S
(Shift) and AVG/RMS keys. Each
to
the bus, the instru-
If
it
will be replaced with data
for
Triggered Operation.
to
all universal bus commands, for
if
it
is addressed to listen,
to
all addressed bus commands, for
Go
To Local (GTL), Group Execute Trigger
to
determine whether any action in response
is
necessary. Since many elements
(T2)
and Trigger with Settling
data
(T3)
is
in remote
is
not read
it
codes are
must
of bus commands is inhibited until the measurement
is
complete.) Once the measurement
commands will be processed, as discussed under Trigger Immediate above, with no loss of
an HP-IB environment where many bus commands
are present, Trigger Immediate
tling should be used for failsafe operation.
Reading Data from the Right or
Distortion Analyzer can only read
once for each measurement made. Only the information on one display can be read each time. Use the
codes RR (read right display)
to control which information is read. The display
will remain selected until the opposing display
specified
up occurs). Errors (which occupy two displays) are
output as described above, and DC LEVEL
measurement results (always occupying the right
display only) are placed on the bus (when requested)
regardless of which display is enabled.
(or
until a clear message
or
Program Order Considerations.
string
some program order considerations need
highlighting.
syntax
is
virtually identical to keystroke order,
Automatic Operation (AU).
is
eration
Functions prefixed
mode and also affects many other Special Functions.
Thus when Automatic Operation is used,
appear at the beginning of a program string.
executed in remote only,
1
through 8 to their zero-suffix
is
complete, bus
data.
Thus, in
or
Trigger with Set-
Left
Display.
data
to the HP-IB
RL (read left display)
is
received
Although program
When Automatic Op-
it
sets all Special
or
power-
it
should
The
is
Trigger Immediate and Trigger with Settling
(T2
and
T3).
When either of the trigger codes
or
T3
is
received by the Distortion Analyzer, a
measurement is immediately initiated. Once the
bus
measurement is complete, some
be processed without losing the measurement results.
However, any HP-IB program code sent to the
Distortion Analyzer before the triggered measurement
results have been output will initiate a new
measurement Thus, trigger codes should always appear at the end of a program string, and the triggered
measurement results must be read before
tional program codes are sent.
3-19.
Depending on how the internal address switches are
set, the Distortion Analyzer can either talk only, talk
status only, listen only,
operation).
ment sends Data messages when addressed to talk.
The instrument then remains configured to talk until
it
unaddress the Distortion Analyzer, the controller
must send either an Abort message, a new talk address,
Sending the Data Message
or
talk and listen both (normal
If
set to both talk and listen, the instru-
is
unaddressed to talk by the controller. To
or
a universal untalk command.
commands can
any
T2
addi-
3-24
Model
Talk
89033
Only
Mode.
If
the internal address switches are
set to a valid Talk address and the TON (Talk Only)
is
set to
“l”,
switch
the Distortion Analyzer
in the Talk Only mode. In this mode instrument
is
placed
is
configured to send Data messages whenever the bus
is in the data mode. Each time the measurement
is
completed, the measurement result will be output to
the bus unless the listening device is not ready for
data. If the listener
Analyzer
is
is
not ready and the Distortion
not in a trigger mode, another
measurement cycle is executed.
Talk Status
Only
Mode.
If
all the internal address
switches and the TON (Talk Only) switch are set to
“l”,
but the LON (Listen Only) switch is set to
“0”,
the Distortion Analyzer is placed in the Talk Status
is
Only mode. In this mode the instrument
configured
to send a one-byte data message whenever the bus
is in the data mode. The byte sent is an exact copy
of
the Status Byte. Each time this byte
is
successfully
sent on the bus, the internal Status Byte is cleared.
The Data Valid (DAV) handshake line is pulsed each
time the one-byte Data message is sent.
Data Output Format.
is
data
usually formatted as a real constant in expo-
As
shown below, the output
nential form: first the sign, then five digits (leading
zeros not suppressed) followed by the letter E and a
signed power-of-ten multiplier. (Refer to
Frequency Count
for the only exception to this format.) The
tions
in the
Detailed Operation Instruc-
Rapid
string is terminated by a carriage return (CR) and a
line feed (LF), string positions
11
and 12. Data is
always output in hndamental units (for example, Hz,
dB,
%,
volts,
etc.), and the decimal point (not sent)
is assumed to be to the right of the fifth digit of the
mantissa. Data values never exceed
4
000
000
000.
Operation
Data Output Format:
+DDDDDE+NNCRLF
Signed Man
I
nd i cates Exponent
Exponent Sign Exponent Magnitude
tr
Fo
][-rLL
I
lows
Line Feed
Carriage Return
NOTE
For the only exception to the above format,
refer to Rapid Frequency Count in the
Detailed Operating Instructions.
When an error is output to the bus,
it
follows the
same twelve-byte format described above except most
of the numeric digits have predetermined values as
shown below.
9
000
000
000.
Error
outputs always exceed
The two-digit error code
is
represented
by the last two digits of the five-digit mantissa. The
error code can be derived from the string by subtracting
9
X
lo9, then dividing the results by 100000.
Error Output Format:
+900DDE+05C
3
Error Code Carriage Return
3-20.
Receiving the Clear Message
The Distortion Analyzer responds
by assuming the settings detailed in Table
Distortion Analyzer responds equally
R
L
F
PLine Feed
to
the Clear message
3-5.
to
the Selected
The
Device Clear (SDC) bus command when addressed to
listen, and the Device Clear (DCL) bus command
or
whether addressed
not. The Clear message clears
any pending Require Service message and resets the
Service Request Condition (Special Function
22)
such
that the Require Service message will be issued on
HP-IB
code errors only (Special Function
22.2).
Parameter
Measurement
Detection
Low-Pass
(LP)
Filter
High-Pass (HP)/ Bandpass
plug-in Filters)
Special Functions
Ratio
Log/Lin
Right Display Read
Service Request Condition
Status Byte
Trigger
Mode
Local Lockout
(BP)
Table
(optional
3-5.
Response to a Clear Message
AC
Level
RMS
80
kHz Low-Pass
All
off
All
Special Functions off or set to
except Service Request Condition set to
code error).
Off
Linear
(Refer
to
Instructions.)
Enabled
HP-IB Code Error
Cleared
Free
Run
(Code
Cleared
On
RATIO
Only
TO)
Settina
their
zero-suffix mode
22.2
(HP-I8
and LOG/LIN Detailed Operating
3-25
Operation
Model 89033
3-21. Receiving the Trigger Message
When in remote and addressed to listen, the
Distortion Analyzer responds to a Trigger message
by executing one settled-measurement cycle. The
Distortion Analyzer responds equally to a Trigger
message (the Group Execute Trigger bus command
[GET]) and a Data message, program code T3 (Trigger
to
with Settling). Refer
with the Data Message” under paragraph 3-18,
ing
the Data Message.
“Triggering Measurements
Receiu-
3-22. Receiving the Remote Message
The Remote message has two parts. First, the remote
enable bus control line (REN)
device listen address
two actions combine to place the Distortion Analyzer
in remote mode. Thus, the Distortion Analyzer
enabled to go into remote when the controller begins
the Remote message, but it does not actually switch
to remote until addressed to listen the first time. No
instrument settings are changed by the transition
from local to remote, but the Trigger mode is set to
Free Run (code
Distortion Analyzer lights
annunciator. When the Distortion Analyzer
addressed (whether in remote
ADDRESSED annunciator turns on.
is
sent by the controller. These
TO).
When actually in remote, the
is
held true, then the
its
front-panel REMOTE
or
local),
its
front-panel
is
is
being
3-23. Receiving the Local Message
The Local message
ler sends the
addressed to listen, the Distortion Analyzer returns
to front-panel control when it receives the Local
If
message.
the Local message was received, front-panel control
is returned, but lockout is not cleared. Unless
ceives the Clear Lockout/Set Local message, the
Distortion Analyzer will return to local lockout the
next time
are changed by the transition from remote to local,
but all measurements are made in a free run mode.
When the Distortion Analyzer goes to local mode,
the front-panel REMOTE annunciator turns off.
However, when the Distortion Analyzer
dressed (whether in remote
ADDRESSED annunciator lights.
If
the Distortion Analyzer is not in local lockout
mode, pressing the front-panel LCL (local) key might
interrupt a Data message being sent to the instrument,
leaving the instrument in a state unknown to the
controller. This can be prevented by disabling the
Distortion Analyzer’s front-panel keys entirely using
the Local Lockout message.
the instrument
it
is
the means by which the control-
Go
To Local (GTL) bus command. If
was
in local lockout when
goes to remote.
No
instrument settings
is
or
local),
its
it
re-
being ad-
front-panel
3-24. Receiving the Local Lockout Message
The Local Lockout message
the controller sends the Local Lockout (LLO) bus
command.
sponds to the Local Lockout Message by disabling
the front-panel LCL (local) key and the Clear Key
Function. (In remote, the Clear Key Function initiates
a Trigger with Settling cycle.) The local lockout mode
prevents
accidentally pressing front-panel keys. If, while in
local, the Distortion Analyzer
(that
Lockout message,
local lockout the first time
When in local lockout, the Distortion Analyzer can
be returned
Local
setting the LINE switch
or
by removing the bus cable.
If
in remote, the Distortion Analyzer re-
loss
of data
is,
REN
to
or
Clear Lockout/Set Local messages),
or
is
set true) and
it
will switch to remote mode with
local only by the controller (using the
is
the means by which
system control due to someone
is
enabled to remote
it
receives the Local
it
is
addressed to listen.
or
by
to
OFF
and back to ON,
3-25. Receiving the Clear LockoutlSet Local
Mess
age
The Clear Lockout/Set Local message
by which the controller sets the Remote Enable
(REN) bus control line false. The Distortion Analyzer
returns to local mode (full front-panel control) when
it
receives the Clear Lockout/Set Local message.
instrument settings are changed by the transition
from remote with local lockout to local. When the
Distortion Analyzer goes to local mode, the front-
panel REMOTE annunciator turns off.
is
the means
No
3-26. Receiving the Pass Control Message
The Distortion Analyzer does not respond to the
Pass
Control message because
controller.
it
cannot act as a
3-27. Sending the Require Service Message
The Distortion Analyzer sends the Require Service
message by setting the Service Request (SRQ) bus
The
control line true.
Service message in either local
Require Service message
is
executed by the controller
is
received by the Distortion Analyzer. (During serial
poll, the Require Service message
ately before the Distortion Analyzer places the Status
Byte message on the bus.) An HP-IB code error will
always cause a Require Service message to be issued.
In addition, there are two other conditions which
can be enabled to cause the Require Service message
to be sent when they occur. All three conditions are
described as follows.
instrument can send the Require
or
remote mode. The
is
cleared when a serial poll
or
if
a Clear message
is
cleared immedi-
3-26
Model 89033
Data Ready: When the Distortion Analyzer
to send any information except error codes
Status Byte.
HP-IB Code Error: When the Distortion Analyzer
receives an invalid Data message. (This condition
always causes a Require Service message to be sent.)
is
or
ready
NOTE
The
“----”
display indicates a transient
condition. After nine attempts to make a
measurement, it is replaced by
which causes the Require Service message
to be sent.
Instrument Error: When any
displayed by the Distortion Analyzer including
IB Code error, Error
24.
Error
Error
31
is
being
HP-
the
Operation
a
Service Message. If one
tions described above are both enabled and present,
all the bits corresponding to the conditions and also
7,
the
RQS
bit
Service message
tions occurs but has not been enabled by Special
Function
condition nor the
Service message will not be sent). The bit pattern
the Status Byte is shown in the table labeled “Status
Byte:”, on the following pages.
Once the Distortion Analyzer receives the serial poll
enable bus command (SPE),
to
alter the Status Byte. When addressed to talk
(following SPE), the Distortion Analyzer sends the
Status Byte message.
bit, will be set true (and the Require
is
22,
neither the bit corresponding to the
RQS
or
more of the three condi-
sent). If one of the above condi-
bit will be set (and the Require
of
it
is
no longer allowed
3-28. Selecting the Service Request
Condition
Use Special Function
to enable the Distortion Analyzer to issue the Require
Service message on any of the conditions above (except HP-IB code errors which always cause the Require Service message to be sent). The Service
Request Condition Special Function is entered from
HP-IB. The conditions enabled by Special Function
22
are always disabled by the Clear message. A
description of the Service Request Condition Special
Function and the procedure for enabling the various
conditions are given under
in the
device subroutines for the Distortion Analyzer can
be implemented simply by triggering measurements
then reading the output
the controller must perform other tasks while controlling the Distortion Analyzer. Figure
flow chart for developing device subroutines using
the instrument’s ability to issue the Require Service
message when data is ready. This sub-routine structure frees the controller to process other routines
until the Distortion Analyzer is ready with data.
Detailed Operation Instructions.
22,
Service Request Condition,
Service Request Condition
Normally,
data.
In certain applications,
3-7
illustrates a
NOTE
Since the Distortion Analyzer cannot alter
in
serial
poll
the Status Byte while
it
is
not possible to continually request the
Status Byte while waiting
to
to cause a bit
After
the Status
be cleared if the Serial Poll Disable (SPD) bus command
or
Regardless of whether
has been sent, the Status Byte and any Require
Service message pending will be cleared if a Clear
message
Only, the Status Byte is cleared each time the onebyte Data message
is
received, if the Abort message
if the Distortion Analyzer is unaddressed to talk.
is
received. If the instrument
be set.
Byte
message has been sent
or
not the Status Byte message
is
issued to the bus.
3-30. Sending the Status Bit
The Distortion Analyzer does not respond to a Parallel Poll Enable (PPE) bus command, and thus cannot
send the Status Bit Message.
3-31. Receiving the
Abort
for
Message
Message
mode,
a condition
it
is
received,
is
set
to
will
Talk
3-29. Sending the Status Byte Message
The Status Byte message consists of one %bit byte
in which
conditions described above under Sending
3
of the bits are set according to the enabled
the
Require
The Abort Message
ler sets the Interface Clear (IFC) bus control line
true. When the Abort message
Distortion Analyzer becomes unaddressed and
talking
or
listening.
is
the means by which the control-
is
received, the
stops
3-27
0
per
at
i o n
Model
89033
(
START 8903E
SET TRIGGER
MODE TO HOLD
(HP-18 CODE T1)
I
ENABLE
I
(HPIIB
SRQ
DATA READY
CODE 22.3SP)
)
ON
I
c
CONF 1 GURE
MEASUREMENT
TRIGGER MEASUREMENT
(HP-IB CODE T2
I
1
OR
T3).
I
I
I
I
TO OTHER INSTRUMENT
SERVICE ROUTINES
I
I
TEST OTHER 8903E
SRQ
CONDITIONS
INTERRUPT
T
READ STATUS BYTE
FROM 8903E
SRQ
FROM
8903E
1
le
NO <9::tntp DUE TO DATA
YES
I
READ DATA
FROM
8903E
ON
SRO
I
Figure
PROCESS OTHER
ROUTINES UNTIL
SRQ
CAUSES INTERRUPT
3-4.
Example
Flow
Chart
4
(-)
for
Driving the Distortion Analyzer Using the Require Service Message (SRQ)
3-28
Model 89033
Operation
HP-IB
Address:
General Operating Syntax:
Numeric Data Input Format:
Output
SYNTAX AND CHARACTERISTICS SUMMARY
Set in binary by internal switches - may be displayed on front panel using S (Shift) LCL. Factory
to
28
decimal.
(Excluding Rapid Frequency Count modes.)*
[Automatic Operation]
(leading decimal not allowed)
Formats:
Data (valid data output value always
(Except in Rapid Frequency Count mode.)*
Indicates Exponent Follows Carriage Return
[Measurement]
(Except in Rapid Source mode.)*
5-Digit Signed Mantissa
Signed Mantissar
Exponent Sign Exponent Magnitude
[Filters] [Special Functions]
f
DDDDDEkNN
Exponent Magnitude
Indicates Exponent Follows
<4
X
109
and
in fundamental units):
+DDDDDE+NNCRLF
TIT
T
T
[Log/Lin]
Exponent Sign
Line Feed
[Ratio]
set
Bit
Weight
Service
Request
8
128 64
0
(always)
Condition
~~~~ ~
*
For information on Rapid Frequency
7
RQS
Bit
Require
Service Error Error
Count
mode refer
6
32
0
(always)
5
16 8
0
(always)
to
it
by name in the Detailed Operating
4
0
(always)
3
4
Instrument Code
Instructions.
HP4B
2
2
1
1
Data
Ready
3-29
Operation
Table
3-6.
Distortion Analyzer Parameter to HP-IB Code Summary
Model
89033
Parameter
Automatic Operation
SPCL
SPCL SPCL
Measurements
AC Level
SINAD
Distortion
DC Level
Distortion Level
RMS Detector
AVG Detector
Automatic Notch Tuning
Notch Hold
Internal Plug-in HP/BP Filters
Left Plug-in Filter on
Right Plug-in Filter on
All
Plug-in HP/BP Filters
LP Filters
30
kHz LP Filter on
80
kHz LP Filter on
All LP Filters
off
off
Program Code
AU
SP
ss
M1
M2
M3
s1
s3
A0
A1
NO
N1
H1
H2
HO
L1
L2
LO
Parameter
Ratio
On
Off
Log/Lin
Log
Lin
Trigger Modes
Free Run
Hold
Trigger Immediate
Trigger with Settling
Miscellaneous
Read Left Display
Read Right Display
Rapid Frequency Count
Clear Key Function*
Program Code
R1
RO
LG
LN
TO
T1
T2
T3
RL
RR
RF
CL
'Not
to
be confused with Clear message which
Program Code
A0
A1
AU
CL
HO
H1
H2
LG
LN
LO
L1
L2
M1
M2
M3
NO
N1
Table
3-7.
Audio
Analyzer HP-IB Code
Parameter
RMS Detector
AVG Detector
Automatic Operation
Clear Key Function*
All
Internal Plug-in HP/BP Filters
Left Plug-in Filter on
Right Plug-in Filter on
Log
Linear
All LP Filters
30
kHz LP Filter
80 kHz LP Filter on
AC Level
SINAD
Distortion
Automatic Notch Tuning
Notch Hold
off
on
is
defined
in
off
Table
3.
11
Program
RF
RL
RR
RO
R1
SP
ss
s1
s3
TO
T1
T2
T3
-
0-9
to
Parameter Summary
COG
Rapid Frequency Count
Read Left Display
Read Right Display
Ratio on
off
Ratio
SPCL
SPCL SPCL
DC Level
Distortion Level
Free Run
Hold
Trigger Immediate
Trigger with Settling
-
(minus)
0-9
.
(decimal point)
Parameter
*Not
3-30
to
be confused with Clear messaae which
is
defined in Table
3-3.
Model
89033
Table
3-8.
Distortion Analyzer Special Function
Special Function
Input Level Range (except DC Level)
Automatic Selection
300V range
189V range
11 9V range
75.4V range
47.6V range
30.0V range
18.9V range
11.9V range
7.54V range
4.76V range
3.00V range
1.89V range
1.19V range
0.754V range
0.476V range
0.300V range
0.189V range
0.1 19VV range
0.0754V range
Input Level Range (DC Level only)
Automatic Selection
300V range
64V range
16V range
4V range
Post Notch Gain
Automatic Selection
0
dB gain
20 dB gain
40 dB gain
60 dB gain
Hold Decimal Point
Automatic Selection
DDDD. range
DDD.D range
DD.DD range
D.DDD range
O.DDDD range
rnV
RMS
range
Detector
DD.DD
D.DDD mV range
0.DDDD rnV range
Post Notch Detector Response
(except in SINAD)
Fast RMS Detector
Slow
Fast AVG Detector
Slow AVG Detector
Notch Tune
Automatic notch tuning
Hold notch tuning
Program Code
1 .OSP
1.lSP
1.2SP
1.3SP
1.4SP
1.5SP
1.6SP
1.7SP
1.8SP
1.9SP
1.1OSP
1.1lSP
1.12SP
1.13SP
1.14SP
1.15SP
1.1 6SP
1.17SP
1.18SP
1.1 9SP
2.0SP
2.1 SP
2.2SP
2.3SP
2.4SP
3.0SP
3.1 SP
3.2SP
3.3SP
3.4SP
4.0SP
4.1 SP
4.2SP
4.3SP
4.4SP
4.5SP
4.6SP
4.7SP
4.8SP
5.0SP
5.1
SP
5.2SP
5.3SP
6.0SP
6.1SP
to
HP-IB
~~ ~ ~ ~~
Code
Summary
Special Function
Error Disable
All
errors enabled
Disabled Analyzer errors
(Errors 12-17,31, and 96)
Disable External Source errors
(Error 19)
Hold Settings
Hold input level ranges,
post-notch gain, decimal
point and notch tuning
at present settings.
Re-enter Ratio Mode
Restore last RATIO reference
and enter RATIO mode if allowed.
Display RATIO reference.
Time Between Measurements
Minimum time between
measurements
s
Add 1
SINAD Display Resolution
0.01
0.01
Display Level in Watts
Display level as watts into 852.
Display level as watts into NNNR.
Read Display
Read right display.
Read left display.
HP-IB Address
Displays HP-IB address (in binary)
Displays HP-IB address
HP-I6 Service Request Condition
Enable a Condition to cause a
between measurements
dB above 25 dB;
0.5 dB below 25 dB
dB
all ranges
to
HP-IB.
in left display; right display
in form
means talk only;
listen only; S=l means
service request, N is the sum
of
any combination of the
weighted conditions below:
1-Data Ready
2-HP-IB error
4-Instrument error
The instrument powers
the 22.2 state (HP-IB error).
TLS
where T=l
L=l
means
in
decimal.
up
SRQ.
in
Operation
Program
*(This code is
ignored)
19.NNNSP
Code
~~
8.0SP
8.1 SPor
8.3SP
8.2SP'
9.OSP
11 .OSP
11.1SP
14.0SP
14.1SP
16.0SP
16.1 SP
19.OSP
20.0SP
20.1SP
21 .OSP
21.1 SP
22.NSP
3-31
Operation
ASCII
-
NUL
SOH
STX
EOT
EN0
ACK
BEL
DLE
DC1
DC2
DC3
DC4
NAK
SY
ETB
CAN
SUB
ESC
ETX
BS
HT
LF
VT
FF
CR
so
SI
N
EM
FS
GS
RS
us
SP
I
#
$
010
8
(
)
-
/
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
7
Binary
00
000
000
00
000
001
00
000
01
0
00 000
01 1
00
000
100
00 000
101
00
000
110
00
000
111
00
001
000
00
001 001
00
001 010
00001 011
00
001 100
00
001 101
00
001 110
00001 111
00
010
000
00
010 001
00
010 010
00
010 011
00
010 100
00
010 101
00
010 110
00
010 111
00011
OOO
00
011 001
00
011 010
00
011 011
00
011 100
00
011 101
00
011 110
00011 111
00
100
OOO
00
100 001
00
100 010
00100011
00
100
loo
00
100 101
00
100 110
00
100 111
00
101
000
00
101 001
00
101 010
00
101 011
00
101 100
00
101 101
00
101 110
00
101 111
00
110
000
00
110 001
00
110 010
00110011
00
110 100
00
110 101
00
110 110
00
110 111
00
111
000
00
111 001
00
111 010
00
111 011
00
111 100
00
111 101
00
111 110
00
111 111
-
Octal
000
00
002
003
004
005
006
007
010
01 1
012
013
014
015
016
017
020
021
022
023
024
025
026
027
030
031
032
033
034
035
036
037
040
041
042
043
044
045
046
047
050
051
052
053
054
055
056
057
060
061
062
063
064
065
066
067
070
071
072
073
074
075
076
077
1
Table
-
Decima
-
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
3-9.
Commonly- Used Code Conversions
-
Hexa-
decimal
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
OA
OB
oc
OD
OE
OF
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
1A
1B
1c
1D
1E
1F
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
2A
28
2c
2D
2E
2F
3G
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
3A
38
3c
3D
3E
3F
ASCII
0
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
0
P
a
R
S
T
U
v
W
X
Y
Z
I
\
I
A
-
a
b
C
d
e
f
9
h
I
I
k
I
m
n
0
P
q
r
S
t
U
v
W
X
Y
z
i
I
DEL
-
01
000
000
01
000
001
000
010
01
01
000
011
01
000
100
01
000
101
000
110
01
000
111
01
01 001
000
01 001 001
01 001 010
01 001 011
01 001 100
01 001 101
01 001 110
01 001 111
01 010
000
01 010 001
01 010 010
01 010 011
01 010 100
01 010 101
01 010 110
01 010 111
01 011
000
01 011 001
01 011 010
01 011 011
01 011 100
01 011 101
01 011 110
01 011 111
01 100
000
01 100 001
01 100010
01 100011
01 100 100
01 100 101
01 100 110
01 100 111
01 101
000
01 101 001
01 101
010
01 101 011
01 101 100
01 101 101
01 101 110
01 101 111
01 110
000
01 110 001
01 110010
01 110011
01 110 100
01 110 101
01 110 110
01 110 111
01 111
000
01 111 001
01 111 010
01 111 011
01 111 100
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
170
171
172
173
174
Model
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
4A
48
4c
40
4E
4F
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
5A
58
5c
5D
5E
5F
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
6A
6B
6C
60
6E
6F
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
7A
78
7c
7D
7E
7F
89033
3-32
~
Model
8903B
Description
Operation
AC
The Distortion Analyzer contains a wideband, true rms
with high accuracy and sensitivity. Pressing the AC LEVEL key causes the Distortion
Analyzer to measure the differential ac voltage between the center and outer conductor of
the INPUT connector
INPUT connectors. Signals common to both high and low inputs are rejected. See the
following Warning and Caution.
To avoid the possibility
without Option
of
the
BNC
Do
not apply
combination) to the INPUT connector(s).
or,
for Option 001 only, the center conductors of the (rear-panel)
OOl),
INPUT connector when the FLOAT switch
more
than
Level
of
hazardous shock on standard instruments (those
do
not apply more
300
Vrms (either differential, common-mode,
or
average-responding voltmeter
than
42Vpeak to the outer conductor
is
in the FLOATposition.
or
a
Procedure
Example
Program Code
Indications
To make an ac level measurement, press the AC LEVEL key. AC level results can be
V,
displayed in
Distortion Analyzer powers up displaying ac level
display in dBm (that is,
0.775V), press the LOG/LIN key. To return to linear, simply press the LOG/LIN key again.
If
the ac level
To measure the ac level of a signal
LOCAL
mV, Bm, watts,
dI3
relative
is
to be displayed relative
(keystrokes)
or
as the ratio
to
1
milliwatt into a 600-ohm load, equivalent to dBre
to
a reference, refer
at
the INPUT connector:
to
an entered
in
linear units (mV
Measurement
AC
or
measured value. The
or
V). To obtain
to
Ratio
and
LOG/LIN.-
7
iY
M1
T
(program
M1 is the program code
When ac level
shows the ac level with the appropriate units. The Distortion Analyzer automatically ranges
for maximum resolution and accuracy. The left display shows the input signal frequency.
the input level to the frequency counter is too small, the left display will show
(This will often occur when the signal is in the stop band of the optional plug-in HP/BP
filters, but not the low-pass filters.)
codes)
is
for
AC LEVEL.
selected, the LED within the AC LEVEL key will light. The right display
Measurement
0.000
kHz.
a
If
Measurement
Technique
In ac level the Distortion Analyzer acts as an ac voltmeter. The Distortion Analyzer
automatically sets the input attenuation and the gain settings of the various amplifiers
that the input signal amplitude lies within the range of the output detector. The output
so
3-33
Operation Model
8903B
Measurement
Technique
(cont’d)
Com men ts
AC
detector converts the ac level to a dc voltage which
and after correction
Level
for
input gain and attenuation, displayed in appropriate units. The
(cont’d)
is
then measured by the dc voltmeter
frequency of the input signal is also measured and displayed.
COUNTER/
LEFT DISPLAY
(FREQUENCY)
INTERNAL
PLUG-IN
INPUT
HP/BP OUTPUT
FILTERS
LOW-PASS
RWAVG
DETECTOR
-
bU
VOLTMETER/
RIGHT DISPLAY
(AMPLITUDE)
.qC/,r/
-ucu
-
INPUT PROGRAMABLE
AMPLIFIER GAIN AMPLIFIER GAIN AMPLIFIER
AC
Level Measurement Block Diagram
The Distortion Analyzer powers up in the ac level measurement mode with the
low-pass filter activated. The
750
kHz
to
80
from
kHz.
80
kHz
PR~GRAHAELE
low-pass filter reduces the measurement bandwidth
80
kHz
Related
Sect ions
Two ac level detectors are available: true rms and average-responding (but
See the section
Detector Selection
for
details.
Common Mode
Detector Selection
Display Level in Watts
Filters
Monitor
RATIO and
LOG/LIN
Special Functions
rms
calibrated).
3-34
Model
89033
Operation
Description
Procedure
Example
Program Code
indications
Comments
Automatic
The Automatic Operation code sets the instrument functions to automatic (that is, each
function is allowed to automatically range
the special functions.
To set the Distortion Analyzer to automatic operation, you must use HP-IB.
To set the Distortion Analyzer to automatic operation:
Operation
to
the appropriate setting).
AU
It
also cancels all of
7-
(program
AU is the HP-IB code for Automatic Operation.
When the HP-IB program code is entered, the left and right displays
shows four dashes, then both displays show the current measurement mode and input.
The converse
Refer to
codes)
of
Hold
Settings.
the automatic operation mode
Function
is
blank,
the Hold Settings Special (prefixed9).
the right display
Related
Sections
For
information on which specific Special Functions are turned off by the Automatic
Operation mode, refer
Functions,
when programming the instrument.
Hold Settings
Special Functions
it
is
a good practice to place the AU code at the beginning of a program string
to
Special Functions. Since Automatic Operation affects Special
3-35
Operation Model
89033
Description
Common
Common-mode rejection ratio,
of the ability of an amplifier to reject
while allowing the differential signals (which may
.
amplified and passed on
Since the analyzer input is fully balanced,
High and Low Inputs (with the INPUT FLOAT switch in the FLOAT position).
standard instruments, the High Input
the Low Input is its outer conductor. For instruments with Option
Inputs are the center conductors of the respective HIGH and
However, for valid measurement results, there are limitations
common-mode signals.
To
avoid the possibility of hazardous shock on standard instruments (those without
OOl),
Option
do not apply more than 42V peak to the outer conductor of the
BNC INPUT connector when the FLOAT switch
Do
not apply more than
or
“common-mode” as
to
the measurement circuitry.
300
Mode
it
is
usually referred
signals
is
the center conductor of the INPUT BNC connector;
Vrms (either differential,
that are common
or
may not be the weaker signal)
it
can reject signals which are common to the
is
in
to
both amplifier inputs
001,
the High and Low
LOW
INPUT connectors.
to
the maximum level of
the FLOAT position.
common-mode,
combination) to the INPUT connector(s).
to,
is
a measure
or
a
to
be
For
Common-mode signal limitations exist because the instrument’s ranging detector (which
determines the input voltage range),
the High and
common-mode signal is present. Erroneous measurements may be obtained
The Analyzer Input Block Diagram illustrates that the ranging detector senses the voltage
difference between the High and Low Input lines. Common-mode signals are “ignored”
the ranging detector, while the differential signals are measured. The block diagram also
illustrates that the High and Low Input lines have over-voltage protection circuits
Low
Inputs). Thus, the instrument can set an incorrect input range
when the input voltage (single
is
designed
to
read only the
differential
signal (between
if
as
a
result.
that open
or
combined common-mode and differential) exceeds the
a large
by
maximum safe limit.
OVER-VOLTAGE
PROTECTION
‘
HIGH
fl
Low
HIGH INPUT
ATTENUATOR
LOW
INPUT
ATTENUATOR
DIFFERENTIAL-TO-
SINGLE-ENDEO CONVERTER
TO PROGRAMMABLE
GAIN AMPLIFIER
h
3-36
L
Analyzer Input Block Diagram
Model 89033 Operation
Example
Comments
Common
If
a common-mode signal of 1OV is on the analyzer’s input with a 1V differential signal,
the ranging detector selects the 1.19V range. The signal that
actually 11V
(1OV
common-mode signal + the 1V differential signal). A voltage signal this
Mode
(cont’d)
is
present at the input
is
large can exceed the input amplifiers’ operating range and cause erroneous measurements.
However, the instrument will not be damaged because the Over-voltage Protection circuitry
will open whenever the combined common-mode and differential signals exceed the
instrument’s safe operating range. (Setting Special Function
1.8
will set the input range to
11.9V.)
For
error-free measurements, the Operating Region
For
Valid
Measurements graphs, shown
below, indicate the maximum allowable common-mode input voltages for a given differential
1
is
input voltage. Case
both input lines. Case
for a single-ended source with a common-mode signal present on
2
is
for a balanced source with common-mode signals on both input
lines.
To
obtain the maximum common-mode input voltage level
from
the graphs, select the desired
value for the differential input voltage. Then read the common-mode input voltage level.
For example, on the Case 1 graph, for a differential input voltage level of lV, the maximum
common-mode input voltage level
maximum common-mode input level
is
is
2.8V.
20V.
For
a differential input voltage of 20V, the
Y
0
c
-8
c
a
a.
z
-
Y
8
7
0
3
0
CASE
OIFFERENTIAL
1.
Single-Ended Source
INPUT
with
VOLTAGE
Common
Mode
on
Both
3dOV
Lines
3-37
Operation
Model
89033
Comments
(cont’d)
Common
Y
a
<
i-
_I
0
>
I-
=
L
z
-
w
n
0
7
z
0
3
0
0
Mode
DIFFERENTIAL INPUT VOLTAGE
(cont’d)
5.6V
300V
VDIFF
(rms)
-D
IOV
Related
Sections
AC
DC
Level
Level
CASE
2.
Balanced Source with
Common
Mode
on
Both
Sides
3-38
~
Model 89033
Description
Procedure
Operation
DC
Pressing the DC LEVEL key causes the Distortion Analyzer
voltage between the center and outer conductor of the INPUT connector or, for Option
only, the center conductors of the (rear-panel) INPUT connectors. Voltage common
high and low inputs are rejected. See the following Warning and Caution.
To avoid the possibility
without Option
of
the BNC INPUT connector when the FLOAT switch is
Do
not apply more than
OOl),
Level
to
measure the differential dc
to
of
hazardous shock on standard instruments (those
do not apply more than 42Vpeak to the outer conductor
in
the FLOATposition.
300
Vrms
(either differential, common-mode,
or
a
001
both
combination) to the INPUT connector(s).
To make a dc level measurement, press the S (Shift) key, then the DC LEVEL key. The
voltage can be expressed in either volts,
relative
To
relative
to
1
milliwatt into
return to linear, simply press the LOG/LIN again.
to
a reference level, refer
600Q).
to
or,
if the voltage is positive, in dBm (that
To obtain a display in am, press the LOG/LIN key.
If
the dc level
RATIO and LOG/LIN.
is
to be displayed
is,
dB
Example
Program Code
Indications
Measurement
Technique
Comments
To measure the dc level at the INPUT connector:
LOCAL
(keystrokes)
LJW
2
DC
LEVEL
s1
T
(program
When dc level is selected, the LEDs within the DC LEVEL key and the
light. The right display shows the dc level with the appropriate units. The Distortion
Analyzer automatically ranges for maximum resolution and accuracy.
measurement mode, the left display
In the dc level measurement mode the Distortion Analyzer automatically sets the input
attenuation and the gain of the input amplifier
proper range of the dc voltmeter. The
correction for input gain and attenuation, displayed in appropriate units.
In the dc level measurement mode only the ac component of the input signal
the MONITOR output. The ac component also affects the input gain.
codes)
is
blanked even though
signal
Measurement
S
(Shift)
In the dc level
an
ac signal may be present.
so
that the signal amplitude lies within the
is then measured by the dc voltmeter and after
key will
is
coupled to
Related
Sections
Common Mode
RATIO and LOG/LIN
Special Functions
3-39
Operation Model 89033
Default Conditions
Description
and Power-up
When
which the instrument
front-panel indicators light
approximately four seconds, this sequence is completed and the Distortion Analyzer is preset
as follows:
first
turned on, the Distortion Analyzer performs a sequence of internal checks after
is
ready to make measurements. During the power-up sequence, all
to
allow the operator to determine if any are defective. After
MEASUREMENT
DETECTOR
LP FILTER
HPPeighting BP Filter
RATIO
Ratio Reference
LOG/LIN
Left Display
Right Display
Service Request Condition
Status Byte
Trigger Mode
Special Functions
....................
....................
........................
......................
....................
.....................
..............
.........
.................
...................
........
...................
...............
AC LEVEL
RMS
LOW PASS 80 kHz
Off
Off
0
LIN (see
Operating Instruction)
Input Frequency
Input AC Level
HP-IB Code Error Only
Cleared
Free Run (Code
All Special Functions off
except Service Request Condition which
to
RATIO
22.2
(HP-IB Code Error).
Sequence
and
LOGILIN
TO)
or
Detailed
in their zero suffix,
is
set
Related
Sections
Ratio and LOG/LIN
Service Request Condition
NOTE
The FLOAT switch is set
manually.
3-40
Model 89033 Operation
Detector Selection
(Special Function
5)
Description
Procedure
Example
Program Code
Indications
The Distortion Analyzer contains a wideband, true rms
with high accuracy and sensitivity. The Distortion Analyzer can be switched to have either
or
a true rms
To select the AVG Detector, press the AVG/RMS key. The key light will light to indicate
average detection. To select the RMS Detector, press the AVG/RMS key again. The
light will extinguish, indicating true rms detection.
Code A0
For fast
5.0SP for fast rms detection,
the following HP-IB codes: 5.2SP for
detection.
When 5.0SP
When 5.2SP
detection has been selected.
averaging detector response.
I
Detector
is
the HP-IB code
or
slow detection selection (either rms
or
5.1SP is entered, the light in the AVG/RMS key will go out
or
5.3SP is entered, the light in the AVG/RMS key will light indicating average
Program
1
A0
for
or
Code
or
5.0SP
RMS
Detector.
5.1SP for slow rms detection.
A1
or
average), enter the following HP-IB codes:
fast
average detection,
or
average-responding voltmeter
key
is the HP-IB code for AVG Detector.
For
average detection, enter
or
5.3SP for slow average
if
it
is
on.
Measurement
Technique
Comments
Related
Sections
When measuring complex waveforms
accurate rms measurement than an average-responding detector which has been calibrated
to indicate the rms value of a sine wave. For a sine wave, both the true rms and the
average-responding detectors give correct rms readings. However, when the signal is a complex
waveform,
be in error. The amount of error depends upon the particular signal being measured.
noise, an average-responding detector reads low.
Many ac voltmeters employ an average-responding detector.
the use of an average-responding detector, press the AVG/RMS key
AC Level
Distortion
Distortion Level
SINAD
or
when significant noise
or
noise, a true
is
present, the average-responding detector reading can
rms
detector will provide a more
For
those applications requiring
for
average detection.
For
3-41
Operation Model
89033
Description
Procedure
Example
Display
The measurement mode can be set
external load resistance by using Special Function 19 through HP-IB. The range
selectable load resistance (in ohms) is an integer value from
To set the measurement to display the ac level in watts into a specified resistance, enter
the corresponding
Resistance
8
1-999
To
set the right display
(program
codes)
HP-IB
(0)
to
Level
(Special Function
to
code.
19.OSP
19.NNNSP
read INPUT signal level in watts into an external 16R speaker:
in
Watts
19)
read the ac input power level in watts into a specified
1
to
999.
Program Code
(where
NNN
corresponds
Code
19.16SP
LFunction
to
the
load
resistance
of
in
ohms.)
the
Program Code
indications
Comments
For
HP-IB codes, refer
The right display
indicated. All measurement LEDs
The load resistance in ohms must be an integer (for example, a resistance
be entered). The decimal point
An attempt to enter a second decimal point
Remember that the instrument assumes that the input voltage
the specified external load resistance.
watts is shown for the resistance entered.
Zeros immediately following the decimal point are optional. For example,when setting the
load resistance to
equivalent to 19.10
both specify an
The displayed power level is accurate regardless
audio detector is set to average responding.
Neither the RATIO nor the
8R
to
Procedure
shows
a four-digit readout of the ac power in watts but no units are
1
ohm, 19.1
or
19.100. Note that 19., 19.0, and 19.8 are equivalent (that
load resistance).
LOG
above.
go
off.
has
already been used when entering the Special Function.
is
ignored.
is
being developed across
If
an incorrect resistance
is
equivalent to 19.01 and 19.001. However, 19.1 is not
of
distortion unless the Distortion Analyzer’s
function can be used with this Special Function.
is
entered, the readout in
of
5.80 cannot
is,
they
Related
Sections
3-42
AC level
Detector Selection
Model
89033
Operation
Distortion
Description
Procedure
Example
The Distortion Analyzer measures distortion by first determining the following value:
D=
It
then converts D into the appropriate measurement units as follows:
%
dB
The RATIO key can be used to compare the measured results to a predetermined ratio
reference value (refer to
A
distortion measurement can be made on signals from
300V
to
To make a distortion measurement, press the DISTN key. Use the filters
hum, spurious signals, etc. The Distortion Analyzer powers up with the LOW
filter activated.
To measure the distortion of an external source in a
in the single-ended mode (FLOAT switch in the grounded position).
RATIO
a
(program
codes)
noise + distortion
+
signal
units = D
units = 2010g
and
noise + distortion
X
LOGILIN).
Measurement
100%
D
M3L
T-
20
Hz to
30
kHz bandwidth:
1
Filter
100
kHz
and from
to
limit noise,
PASS
50
80
mV
kHz
Program Code
Indications
Measurement
Technique
M3
is the HP-IB code for the distortion measurement.
When distortion
distortion
(see
In the distortion measurement mode, the controller automatically sets the input attenuation
and the gain settings of various amplifiers. This
signal with the ranging rms detector. This control ensures that the signal amplitude is within
the proper range
the ac level of the combined signal
the fundamental signal. The notch filter automatically tunes to the component whose frequency
is
measured by the counter (usually the fundamental of the input signal). The output detector
converts the residual noise
The controller then corrects for the programmed gain and attenuation, computes the ratio
of the two signals
signal is also measured and displayed.
of
Description
is
selected, the LED within the DISTN key will light. The frequency and
the input signal are displayed, and the appropriate annunciators are lighted
above).
is
accomplished by measuring the input
for
the input and output detectors. The Input RMS/AVG Detector converts
+
noise + distortion to dc. The notch filter removes
+
distortion to dc. The dc voltmeter measures both dc signals.
,
and displays the results in appropriate units. The frequency of the input
This measurement mode can be accessed only via HP-IB. The Distortion Analyzer measures
the distortion level by removing the fundamental of the input signal and then measuring
the ac level of the remaining noise and distortion. The mV and
the linear mode
a
6000
load). The RATIO key can be used to compare the measured results to a predetermined
ratio reference (refer to
To make a distortion level measurement, you must use the HP-IB Distortion Level program
S3.
code
with the LOW-PASS
To measure distortion level on an external source signal in a
(program
S3
When distortion level
displayed, and the appropriate annunciators and DISTN key light will light (see
above).
The filters are used to limit the bandwidth. The Distortion Analyzer powers up
codes)
is
the HP-IB code for distortion level.
or
the values are converted to dJ3m (that is,
RATIO and LOGILIN).
80
kHz filter activated.
is
selected, the frequency and amplitude
Level
Measurement
-J7--Filter
S3L1
V
units are displayed
dB
relative to 1 milliwatt into
30
kHz bandwidth
of
the input signal are
Description
in
Measurement
Technique
In the distortion level measurement mode, the controller automatically sets the input attenua-
tion and the gain settings of various amplifiers. This control ensures that the signal amplitude
is
within the proper range for the output detector. The notch filter removes the fundamental
from the input
is
measured by the counter (usually the fundamental
converts the residual noise
the controller corrects for the programmed gain and attenuation. The results are then
displayed in the appropriate units. The frequency
signal.
The notch filter automatically tunes to the component whose frequency
of
the input signal). The output detector
+
distortion to dc. The dc voltmeter measures the
of
the input
is
also measured and displayed.
signal,
and
(Distortion Level Measurement
Block
Diagram on next page)
3-45
Operation
Model
89033
Measurement
Technique
(con t’d)
Distortion
U
-
RANGIN6
RWS
DETECTOR
Level
(cont’d)
FREQUENCY
COUNTER/
LEFT OISPLAY
(FREQUENCY)
1
Related
Sections
Distortion Level Measurement
Detector Selection
Distortion
Filters
Monitor
Notch
RATIO
tune
and
LOG/LIN
Block
Diagram
3-46
Model
89033
Operation
Description
Procedure
Example
Error
(Special Function
The
Error
Disable Function is used
the
8.N
Special Function allows the user to enable all operator
analyzer errors (measurement related errors).
To selectively disable
All
error messages enabled.
Disable analyzer error messages.
To disable the analyzer error messages:
(program
codes)
(or
enable) operator error messages, enter the corresponding
Error
Message
Disable
to
selectively disable operating error messages. Using
Status
Code
8)
8.1
SP
TT-Function
error
messages,
8.0SP
8.1SP
or
or
HP-IB
8.3SP
disable
code.
Program Code
Indications
Comments
Related
Sections
For
HP-IB
As
the program code is entered, both displays will blank, and the entered code will flash
in the left display.
selected measurement mode.
HP-IB
over the bus, but is ignored.
The error messages can
the
HP-IB
Error
When these safeguards are disabled, erroneous measurements can result under certain conditions. This should be kept in mind when operating the instrument with error messages
disabled.
Automatic Operation
Error
Special Functions
codes refer to
Both
codes
8.1SP
and
bus controller.
messages are one means by which the instrument safeguards accurate measurements.
Message Summary
Procedure
displays return
8.3SP
perform the same function.
also
be
above.
to
selectively disabled
the display that
HP-IB
to
prevent unwanted error interrupts to
is
appropriate for the currently
code
8.2SP
can be entered
3-47
Operation Model 89033
Description
HP-IB
Output
Format
Error
The instrument generates error messages
or
entries,
condition
code as follows:
Error
and Entry Errors that indicate that not all conditions have been met to assure a calibrated
measurement,
Disable Special Function
messages. Entry Errors require that a new program code entry be made.
Error
related information. Service Errors must be enabled
failures within the instrument. Service Errors are discussed in the Service Section
this manual.
The HP-IB output format for errors is shown below:
service related problems. The error message
is
removed. (Error 31
10
through Error
or
65
through Error
Message
39
that an invalid
(8.N)
89.
Fixed Data
Error Code Carriage Return
Summary
to
indicate operating problems, incorrect HP-IB
is
generally cleared when the error
is
an exception.) The Error Messages are grouped by error
and
Error
HP-IB
can be used to selectively disable certain operating error
These are Service Errors that provide additional service
+900DDE+05CR
IJ-
Fixed Exponent
90
through Error
code sequence entry has been made. The Error
to
appear and
LF
T
-LL
Line
Feed
99.
These are Operating
do
not necessarily represent
(8)
of
Error
Displays
For
example, Error 10 is output
from normal
error has been input
subtracting 9
Shown below and on the next page are three types of error displays. The first is typical of
most error displays and is shown as
meaning and occur often.
This display shows the general error display format. These errors are output to the HP-IB
as
shown under the HP-IB format above.
data
outputs since normal
to
the computing controller, the error code is simply derived by
X
lo9
from the input number, then dividing the result by 100 000.
to
the HP-IB as +90010E+05CRLF. This format differs
data
outputs will never exceed
a
general case. The second and third have specific
4
X
109. Once an
3-48
This display means that no signal has been sensed at the input. This display
the HP-IB as Error 96 using the HP-II3 format shown above.
is
output to
Model
89033
Operation
Error
Displays
(cont’d)
Error
Messages
Error
This display means that a signal has been detected,
is
table
typically
Code
Error
10
not
result
a transitory state
changes to
The
action
pertaining to particular errors is also
Message
yet
available. This display is
in
instrument operation. After
Error
31.
Error
31
below describes all Operating and
required to remove
I
Message
Summary
is
output
to
the
error-causing condition is
given.
never
the
Operating
Reading too large for
display.
This error code indicates that although the required
calculation is within the capability of the instrument, the
result of the calculation exceeds the display
capabilities.
output
HP-IB
Entry
Errors
(cont’d)
but
for
various reasons a measurement
to
the
HP-IB
nine
successive occurrences,
using
the
HP-IB
errors.
The
Action Required/Comments
and
typically indicates
format shown above.
error code, message, and the
given.
Additional information
the
display
11
13
14
17
19
Calculated value out of
range.
Notch cannot tune to
input.
Input level exceeds
instrument specifications.
Although error codes
Errors, they should be considered rather
Internal voltmeter cannot
make measurement.
Cannot confirm external
source frequency.
Enter new RATIO reference. Refer to
Adjust input frequency to within specified limits. Refer
to Table 1-1.
This error code indicates that the input overload
detector has tripped (not in range hold). This could be
caused by too large an ac signal, or too much ac on a
dc signal.
17
and
19
This error code indicates that the counter has failed to
return a value. This can only be caused by a
malfunction in the counter. Refer to Service Sheet 14.
This error indicates that in notch routine, the frequency
could not be measured, and thus the notch could not
be adjusted. This usually indicates a counter problem.
Refer to Service Sheet 14.
RATIO and LOG/LIN.
NOTE
are officially listed here under Operating
as
diagnostic indications.
26
RATIO not allowed in
present mode.
This error code indicates that use of the RATIO key
does not make sense in the current mode. Refer to
RATIO and LOG/LIN.
3-49
Operation Model
89033
Error
Messages
(cont’d)
Error
Error
Code
30
31
96
Message Summary
I
Message
I
rating Errors (Cont’d)
Input overload detector
tripped in range hold.
Cannot make
measurement.
(HP-IB only)
sensed at input.
No
signal
This error code indicates that the input signal is too
high for the selected range. Use Special Function
enter a more realistic range setting, or enter AU over
the HP-IB to allow the Distortion Analyzer to seek the
correct input range. Refer to
This error code indication occurs when the input signal
is changing too quickly for the Distortion Analyzer to
make consistent measurements or when the common
mode signal is too large for the Distortion Analyzer.
The
trying to make a measurement. After nine unsuccessful
tries, Error
This error is sent on the HP-IB when the
is shown.
‘I-
-
- -
”
display indicates that the instrument is
31
Entry Errors
(cont’d)
Action Required/Comments
Automatic Operation.
is displayed.
‘I-
-”
1
to
display
Related
Sections
20
21
22
23
24
65-89
Automatic Operation
RATIO
Entered value out of
range.
Invalid HP-IB code
sequence.
Invalid Special Function
prefix.
Invalid Special Function
suffix.
Invalid HP-IB code.
~~
Service-related errors.
and
LOG/LIN
Re-enter new value.
Check for compatibility
Check, then re-enter correct Special Function code.
Refer to
Check, then re-enter correct Special Function code.
Refer to
Check, then re-enter correct HP-IB code. This error
causes a Require Service message to be sent on the
HP-IB. Refer to Table
Special Functions.
Special Functions.
of
functions selected.
3-4
and accompanying text.
Service Errors
Refer to paragraph
8-1
2,
Service Errors.
3-50
Model
89033
Operation
Filters
(High-Pass, Bandpass, Low-Pass)
Description
Procedure
Example
The optional plug-in high-pass and weighting bandpass, and the LP (low-pass) FILTER
keys cause the respective filters to be inserted into the audio signal path. The filters limit
the measurement bandwith. The high-pass and bandpass filters are inserted before the notch
filter (control of the notch filter is covered in the
filters are inserted after the notch filter. When in use, the high-pass, bandpass and low-pass
filters always affect the signal at the MONITOR output.
Select the desired signal filters by pressing the appropriate keys. Only one high-pass
bandpass and one low-pass filter can be in use at a time. To turn a filter off, press the key
or
again
(shown below) turn on the selected filter (defeating others in the group if on). To turn a
high-pass/bandpass
select the alternate filter in the pair.
To select the left high-pass
LOCAL
(keystrokes)
select another filter in the same group. HP-IB codes for the different filter keys
or
low-pass filter off via HP-IB, use code
or
bandpass filter and the
r
High-Pass Filter
HIGH
PASS
B
(program
codes)
High-Pass Filter
Notch
7
Tune
discussion). The low-pass
HO
30
kHz low-pass filter:
7
Low-Pass
LOW
Filter7
PASS
B
!f-
Low
-Pass
or
LO respectively,
F
i
I
ter
or
or
Indications
Comments
Program Program
High-Pass/Bandpass Filter Code Low-Pass Filter
Both
off
(750
kHz low-pass)
Left High-Pass
Right High-Pass or Bandpass Filter H2 Low Pass
When a filter is activated (by either automatic
filter key will light.
Two plug-in positions within the instrument permit the Distortion Analyzer to be configured
with various high-pass
blies include a
and CCITT, CCIR, CCIR/ARM,
These weighting bandpass filters are all psophometric in nature; each filter characteristic
approximates the response of human hearing according to separately established standards.
These optional plug-in filter assemblies may be inserted in either the left-most
key position, according to the filter option number.
or
Bandpass Filter
and
band-pass filter combinations. The optional plug-in filter assem-
400
Hz High-Pass (used
to
filter out
“A”
Weighting, and C-Message Weighting Bandpass Filters.
Low Pass
or
manual selection), the
50/60
30
kHz
80
kHz
LED
Hz
hum, and squelch signals),
Code
@@
L2
within that
or
right-most
3-51
Operation
Model
89033
Comments
(cont’d)
Filters
(cont’d)
(High-Pass, Bandpass, Low-Pass)
Filter
400
Hz
high pass
CClTT
CClR
weighting bandpass filter
weighting
bandpass filter
C-Message weighting bandpass filter
CCIR/ARM
“A
weighting bandpass filter
weighting bandpass filter
Left-Most Key Position
Filter Option Number
01
0
01
1
01
2
01
3
01
4
01
5
Right-Most Key Position
Filter Option Number
050
051
052
053
054
055
The selected filters are always in the path of the audio signal.
3
dB
With all filters off, the
The high-pass
or
bandpass filters affect the signal being counted however, the low-pass
measurement bandwidth
filters do not. Repeating the HP-IB command
is
approximately
to
turn on a specific fdter has no effect (that
10
Hz
to
750
is, the filters cannot be toggled on and off using the same HP-IB command).
The individual filter characteristics are given in Table
1-1,
Specifications
and in Table
Supplemental Information.
kHz.
1-2,
The optional, weighting bandpass plug-in filter assemblies weights the frequency response
of the Distortion Analyzer as shown in their respective curve plots.
t15
t10
t5
0
-5
-10
I
m
0
-15
-
Y
Y)
-20
z
0
a.
Y)
W
-25
a
-30
-35
-40
-45
-50
-55
10
FREQUENCY
(Hz)
3-52
CCITT
and
400
Hz High-Pass Filter Plot
Model
89033
Operation
t15
+lo
t5
0
-5
-10
-15
-20
-25
-30
-35
-40
-45
-50
-55
10
Filters
(cont’d)
(High-Pass, Bandpass, Low-Pass)
FREOUENCY
(Hz)
m
0
-
W
u)
z
0
n
In
W
a
CCIR and CCIRIARM Weighting Filter Plot
FREQUENCY
“A”
Weighting and “C”-Message Weighting Filter Plot
(HZ)
3-53
Operation
Model
89033
Related
Sections
AC
Level
Distortion
Distortion Level
SINAD
Filters
(High-Pass, Bandpass, Low-Pass)
(cont’d)
3-54
Model
89033
Operation
Float
Description
Procedure
Comments
To minimize measurement errors caused by ground loops, the analyzer input can be floated.
Floating the input improves rejection of low frequency and common mode signals (for
example, line-related hum and noise). The front-panel FLOAT switch determines whether
the input is floating
balanced.
To avoid the possibility
without Option
of
the BNC INPUT connector when the FLOAT switch
Do
not apply more than
or
single-ended. When in the float mode, the analyzer input
of
hazardous shock on standard instruments (those
001))
do not apply more than
300
Vrms (either differential, common-mode,
42V
peak to the outer conductor
is
in
the FLOATposition.
or
is
fully
a
combination) to the INPUT connector(s).
To float the analyzer input, set the FLOAT switch to the FLOAT position. In the float
mode the center conductor is the High Input, and the
is
that
grounded position) the outer conductor is connected directly to chassis ground.
The INPUT BNC connector allows the attachment
mode, which minimizes electromagnetic interference (EMI). This is important if the Distortion
Analyzer
isolated from chassis ground. In the single-ended mode (the FLOAT switch in the
is
operated near a transmitter,
or
in
the presence
outer
conductor is the Low Input
of
a shielded cable in the single-ended
of
large RF signals.
When the FLOAT switch
is
connected
If
EM1 shielding
BNC-to-banana adapters are supplied with the instrument
output
of the banana connector to the center conductor of the BNC connector. These adapters are
normally used when the FLOAT switches are set in the FLOAT position.
to
chassis ground.
is
to
dual banana with standard 3h-inch spacing. The adapters connect the conductor
DEVICE
FNDER
is
in the grounded position, the outer conductor of the connector
not critical, banana-type connectors can be used. For Option
to
convert the BNC input and
8903E
TEST,
001)
two
Effect
of
Multipoint Ground System (FLOAT Switch Closed)
3-55
Operation Model
89033
Comments
(cont’d)
Float
One major source of
or
when making low distortion measurements
above illustrates a typical measurement setup using the Distortion Analyzer. In the figure
the system common line
chassis
two physically separate ground points are seldom
flow in the system common line. Due
line, the current causes a voltage drop. This voltage drop (a common mode voltage) sums
with the signal under measurement and can cause erroneous readings. Grounding the system
common line
ground loops. Floating the Distortion Analyzer input circuitry isolates the outer conductor
of
are grounded only through the device under test. Note that the system common line is now
grounded at a single point.
of
the Distortion Analyzer and the common point
at
the Distortion Analyzer from chassis ground. Thus, the Distortion Analyzer input circuits
error
which must be considered when measuring low level ac signals
is
connected
a
single point minimizes the effect of common mode voltages caused by
(cont’d)
is
error introduced by ground loops. The figure
to
chassis
to
conductor resistance
or
at
earth ground at two separate points: the
of
the device under test. Since
the same ground potential, current will
(RC)
in the system common
3-56
Model
89033
Operation
Description
Procedure
Hold
The position of the decimal point in the right display can be held in a specific location by
using Special Function
To hold the decimal point in the right display to a specific position, enter the corresponding
HP-IB program code.
Decimal
Hold Position
Automatic Selection
DDDD.
DDD.D
DD.DD
D.DDD
0.DDDD
DD.DD
D.DDD
0.DDDD
'The decimal point does not appear on the display. It is
shown to establish the position it would appear in the
numeric value
"The zero does not appear on the display. It is shown
to clarify the position of the decimal point.
V
Range*
V
Range
V
Range
V
Range
V
Range"
rnV
mV
rnV
of
Range
Range
Range"
the readout.
Decimal
(Special Function
4.
I
Program
Code
1-
4.0SP
4.1 SP
4.2SP
4.3SP
4.4SP
4.5SP
4.6SP
4.7SP
4.8SP
I
Point
4)
Example
Program
Codes
Indications
Comments
Related
Sections
To hold the decimal point after the first digit of a mV Range (D.DDD mV):
4.7SP
Code
1
-L
(program
For HP-IB codes refer to
As the program code
in the left display. The right display will show the amplitude with the decimal held in the
position requested. The left display provides the normal information associated with the
selected measurement mode.
It
is possible
that exceeds the resolution of the instrument. For example, in the dc level measurement
.mode,
decimal point will always be zeros, and are not significant digits in the amplitude readout.
Automatic Operation
Special Functions
codes)
4.7SP
Procedure
is
entered, both displays will blank, and the entered code will flash
to
use the Hold Decimal Point Special Function to set the display for a readout
will set the display
above.
to
a mV range. In this case, the three digits following the
Function
3-57
Operation Model 89033
Description
Procedure
Example
Program Code
Indications
Hold
(Special Function
The Hold Settings Special Function is used
settings for the input level ranges, the post-notch gain, the decimal point position, and the
notch tuning.
To hold the presently selected settings for the functions above, enter the HP-IB program
code 9.OSP.
To
hold the present settings
(program
For
As the program code is entered, both displays will blank, and the entered code will appear
in the left display. The displays will then show the normal readings for the currently selected
measurement mode.
codes)
HP-IB code, refer to
Example
Settings
9)
to
freeze the instrument in the presently selected
of
the specified functions:
TT
CodeJ
above.
9.OSP
LFunction
Comments
Related
Sections
Using Special Function 9 is
the HP-IB bus:
l.N Input Level Range (Except
2.N
Input Level Range
3.N Post-Notch Gain
4.N
Hold Decimal Point (Right Display Only)
6.1
Hold Notch Tuning
For
Special Functions 1 through
to
Special
for
6.0
SP
instrument is using
Display (refer
Note that using the Hold Settings Special Function can cause inaccurate measurements
under some circumstances.
Once settings have been held by the Hold Settings Special Function, one
can be reset to their automatic modes by issuing the
Special Function code.
tuning mode. Use
Automatic Operation
Special Functions
equivalent to entering the following special functions through
DC
Level)
(DC
Level Only)
4,
N is set equal to the currently selected value that the
that function. These values can be read by using the Special Special
Functions).
or
more of them
0
suffix code
As
an example, Hold Settings places the instrument in hold notch
to re-enter the automatic notch tuning mode.
of
the corresponding
3-58
Model
89033
Operation
Description
Procedure
Indications
HP-lB
(Special Function
Address
21)
The Distortion Analyzer’s present HP-IB address can be displayed by using the front-panel
S
(Shift) LCL keys (for the decimal display). This display
left display)
“NN”
address set at the factory
using Special Function
(in the right display), where
is
28 (11100
21.
Information on Special Function
in binary). The HP-IB address can also be displayed
“NN”
is
of the form “Addr=” (in the
is
the HP-IB decimal address. The
21
is
found in
Comments,
below.
To display the HP-IB address in decimal, key in the S (Shift) LCL keys.
To display the HP-IB address in decimal:
LOCAL
(keystrokes)
Assuming the same address, the following will be displayed
-
A5
-
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-
A
Address Switches
-
-
A4
A3
-
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
-
list of the allowable addresses for the Distortion Analyzer
-
A2
-
A1
Talk
Address
Char-
acter
-
Listen
Address
Character
-
Decimal
Equiva
lent
-
Address Switches
A5
-
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
@
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
...
......
.
::5qp$
. .
...
(...
.
...
,
..Ip
.+:.:.:
.:.:.:.:,
,:..../
.........
:x
.....
1
1
-
is
given below:
I
Talk
Address
Character
I
I
Listen Decimal
Address Equiva
Char- lent
acter
Program
Codes
For HP-IB codes refer to the Program Code table under
Comments
following.
3-59
Operation Model
89033
Comments
HP-IB
The HP-IB address display
since the result of changing a switch setting
information on setting the
this
manual.
L
bits
To
clear the display (from the instrument front panel), press the LCL key, then any function
key. The instrument reverts to the new measurement mode.
The HP-IB address can
can only be executed via HP-IB, the instrument’s HP-IB address must be known prior
its use. The primary value of using
be
can
To display the HP-IB address via HP-IB, key in the appropriate
follows:
Display
Format
The factory-set address
are
set
to
0.
displayed.
Address
(Special
HP-IB
The S bit powers up at
also
Function
is
continuously updated. This makes setting the address easy
address of the Distortion Analyzer, refer to Section 2 of
is,
as
be displayed via Special Function
HP-IB
is
(cont’d)
21)
is
immediately visible on the display. For
shown in the examples, decimal 28. The T and
0.
21.
Since Special Functions
that
the
status
of the Require Service message
HP-IB
program code as
to
21.0
Binary
Decimal
As
the program code is entered,
is entered, the top row measurement key lights and annunciators
Special Function
where
AAAAA
of the form TLS where the T, L, and
following page.
was
entered, the left display will show a binary number of the form
is
the HP-IB address in binary. The right display will show a binary number
T
NOT NOT NOT
0
’
If T and L are both 1, the instrument is set
A
digits are set to 1 and T is
the status byte only).
is not installed.) If the
statement “Addr=” and the right display will show the decimal value
HP-IB address
TALK LISTEN REQUESTING
ONLY ONLY SERVICE
TALK LISTEN REQU ESTlNG
ONLY ONLY SERVICE
(If
all digits
21.1
(28
if it has not been changed).
SP
21.1
SP
it
will appear on the left display. When the HP-IB code
will
S
have the meaning indicated in the table on the
L
1,
the instrument will be in
W.TL
Special Function was entered, the left display will show the
S
to
talk only (talk overrides listen). If all the
talk
status only (that is, output
are 1 but
S
is
0,
the Remote Interface board
turn off.
of
If
the
AAAAA
the instrument’s
21.0
Related
Sections
3-60
Remote Operation, Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus
Special Functions
Model 89033 Operation
Description
Procedure
Example
Input
In all measurement modes the input level range can be set to a desired range by using
Special Function
formode only. Refer
operation mode, the input level range is determined by both the dc and ac level (if there
is one)
To
the corresponding HP-IB program code.
To
of
the input signal.
set the input level range to a selected range,
Input
Level
(Full
Automatic Selection
300V
64V
16V
4V
set the input level range to the 16V range:
Level
2.N
Range
Scale)
range
range
range
range
Range
(Special Function
through HP-IB. The following discussion describes this function
to
Input Level Range (Except
Input
Attenuation
40
24
12
0
dB
dB
dB
dB
(DC
Level)
2)
DC
Level)
or
to re-enter the automatic selection mode,
Program
HP-IB
2.0SP
2.1 SP
2.2SP
2.3SP
2.4SP
for additionthe automatic
Code
Program
Codes
a
Indications
Comments
Related
Sections
Code
(program
For HP-IB codes, refer to
As
blanks out.
to show the input signal frequency after the HP-IB code
When the Distortion Analyzer powers up,
input level range is placed in the automatic selection mode.
If the input level range
detector to trip,
Manually selecting the gain
Measurement accuracy is not specified whenever the gain
manually selected because the selected gain setting may be less than optimum. It
to note that error messages indicating invalid measurements due to incorrect gain settings
are not generated unless overload conditions occur. Automatic operation ensures accurate
measurements for all combinations
Automatic Operation
DC
Input Level Range (Except
Monitor
Special Functions
codes)
the program code
Note
that for all measurement modes except dc level, the left display will return
Error
Level
Procedure
is
entered,
is
set such that the input signal level causes the input overload
30 will be displayed.
of
DC
above.
it
will flash on the left display, which then temporarily
the input level circuitry can cause measurement error.
of
input signals and measurement modes.
Level)
YL
or
when Automatic Operation is selected, the
F
unction
is
entered.
of
the input level circuitry is
is
important
3-61
Operation Model
89033
Description
Procedure
Input Level Range (Except
(Special Function
In all measurement modes the input level range can be set
1
.NN
Special Function
through HP-IB. The following discussion describes this function for
function for all measurement modes except
(DC
Leuel)
for additional information. The input circuitry consists
1)
DC
DC
Level)
to
a desired range by using
Level mode. Refer to
Input
of
Leuel
a programmable
Range
attenuator and two programmable amplifiers. In automatic operation mode, the gain of the
attenuator-amplifier section of the input is automatically set according to the level of the
input signal.
To
set the input level range to a selected range
or
to re-enter the automatic selection mode,
enter the corresponding HP-IB program code.
Input Level Range
(Full
Scale)
Automatic Selection
300V
189V
119v
75.4v
47.6V
30.0V
18.9V
1 1.9v
7.54v
4.76V
3.00V
1.89V
1.19v
0.754V
0.476V
0.300V
0.1 89V
0.119v
0.0754V
Program
Code
1 .OSP
1.15p
1.25p
1.35p
1.45p
1.55p
1.65p
1.75p
1.85p
1.95p
1.1OSP
1.11SP
1.1 2SP
1.13SP
1.14SP
1.1 5SP
1.1 6SP
1.17SP
1.1 8SP
1.1 9SP
Example
Program Code
e
Indications
3
-62
To
set the input level range to the
(program
For
As
codes)
HB-IB codes, refer to
the program code
is
Procedure
entered, it will appear on the left display. The display returns to
show the input signal frequency.
30.0V
above.
range:
1.6SP
Code
-7-Z-Function
Model
89033
Operation
Input Level Range (Except
Comments
Related
Sections
DC
(Special
When the Distortion Analyzer
the input level range
set such that the input signal level creates an overrange condition, an error message will
be displayed. The error message generated depends on instrument settings
signal level.
causes the input overload detector to trip,
of
the error messages, refer to
Manually selecting the gain
Measurement accuracy
manually selected because the selected gain setting may be less than optimum.
to note that error messages indicating invalid measurements due to incorrect gain settings
are not generated unless overload conditions occur. Automatic operation ensures accurate
measurements
AC Level
Automatic Operation
Input Level Range (DC Level)
Monitor
Special Functions
For
for
is
placed in the automatic selection mode.
example,
all combination
if
is
not specified whenever the gain
Function
is
first powered up
the input level range is set such that the input signal level
Error
Message
of
the input level circuitry can cause measurement error.
of
input signals and measurement modes.
1)
Error
Summary.
Level)
or
when Automatic Operation is selected,
30
will be displayed. For a complete listing
of
(Cont’d)
If
the input level range is
and
the input
the input level circuitry is
It
is
important
3-63
Operation Model
Monitor
89033
Description
Block Diagram
/-INPUT STAGE GAIN- /-POST NOTCH GAIN
(INPUrl)
::
The MONITOR output provides a means of monitoring the ac signal into the output
detector. The auto-ranging MONITOR output level is normally a
is
proportional
a
scaled representation of the ac component of the input signal. In SINAD, distortion, and
to
the input signal. In ac level and dc level the MONITOR output provides
0.3
to
3
Vrms
signal which
rms
distortion level the MONITOR output provides a scaled representation of the input signal
with the fundamental removed. The output is dc coupled with a
600R
output impedance,
and a BNC female connector. The MONITOR output can be used to drive other
instruments, such
A
simplified block diagram
relationships between the MONITOR output and the other circuit blocks
as
an oscilloscope, wave analyzer,
of
the Distortion Analyzer measurement circuits illustrating the
or
spectrum analyzer for further analysis.
is
shown below.
The MONITOR output block diagram illustrates the signal path from the INPUT to the
is
that
of
MONITOR output. The diagram
a programmable gain amplifier with a tunable
notch filter. In ac level and dc level, the notch filter is bypassed. In SINAD, distortion,
and distortion level the notch filter
is
switched into the signal path, removing the fundamental
frequency.
-\
INTERNAL
PLUG-IN
INPUT
ATTENUATOR
w
HP/EP PROGRAUABLE
FILTERS
NOTCH GAIN AUPLIFIER
PROGRAUABLE
GAIN AUPLIFIER
test
Comments
INPUT
AWPLIF IER
Monitor Output
Block
Diagram
FILTERS
)I
-
OUTPUT
RUWAVG
DETECTOR
The MONITOR output gain and sensitivity (that is, the net signal gain from the INPUT
to the MONITOR output) are dependent on the input stage gain and the post-notch gain.
can
Both the input stage gain and the post-notch gain
Special Display (refer
to
Special
Functions).
be determined by viewing the Special
The input stage gain, and post-notch gain for various instrument settings are listed in the
tables below.
3-64
Model
89033
Operation
Comments
(Cont’d)
Special Special
Display
1.”
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
1.10
1.11
1.12
1.13
1.14
1.15
1.16
1.17
1.18
1.19
Monitor
(Cont’d)
INPUT STAGE GAIN (Except dc)
Input level
Gain
Range
300V
189V
119v
75.4v
47.6V
30.0V
18.9V
11.9v
7.54v
4.76V
3.00V
1.89V
1.19v
0.754V
0.476V
0.300V
0.1 89V
0.119v
0.0754V
-40
-36
-32
-28
-24
-20
-1
6
-1
2
-8
-4
0
+4
+8
+12
$1
6
+20
+24
+28
+32
0.01
0.01 58
0.0251
0.0398
0.0631
0.1
000
0.1 585
0.251 2
0.3981
0.631
1-00
1.58
2.51
3.98
6.31
10.00
15.85
25.1 2
39.81
00
0
I
POST-NOTCH GAIN
I
Special Special
Display
3.N
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
Log
(dB)
0
+20
+40
+60
Linear
1
10
100
1000
The measurement system net gain equals the combined gain of the two stages. To calculate
the net gain use the following formulas:
Net Gain (LOG) = Input Stage Gain (LOG) + Post-Notch Gain (LOG)
or
Net Gain (LIN) = Input Stage Gain (LIN) X Post-Notch Gain (LIN)
In ac level the MONITOR output is a scaled replica
output level
VOut
=
Vi,,
is
calculated
X
as:
Net Gain
of
the input signal. The MONITOR
where
Vi”
is
the input signal level and the linear net gain is used.
3-65
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