Modern automated test systems
demand higher accuracy and performance than ever before. The
Agilent Technologies 87406B matrix
switch offers improvements in insertion loss repeatability and isolation
necessary to achieve higher test system performance. Long life, excellent
repeatability, and high reliability lowers the cost of ownership by reducing
calibration cycles and increasing test
system uptime that are vital to ATS
measurement system integrity.
Description
The 87406B matrix switch provides
the life and reliability required for
automated test and measurement, signal monitoring, and routing applications. Innovative design and careful
process control creates a switch that
meets the requirements for highly
repeatable switching elements in test
instruments and switching interfaces.
The switch is designed to operate for
more than 10 million cycles and will
meet all electrical specifications for at
least 5 million cycles.
High performance matrix switch
for RF and microwave test
systems
• 3 x 3, 2 x 4, and 1 x 5 blocking
matrix configurations
• Magnetic latching
• Make-before-break or
break-before-make operation
• Exceptional repeatability for
more than 5 million cycles
• Excellent isolation, typically
>100 dB at 20 GHz
• Opto-electronic indicators
and interrupts
• Terminated ports
• TTL/5V CMOS compatible (optional)
The switch exhibits exceptional insertion loss repeatability. This reduces
sources of random errors in the
measurement path and improves
measurement uncertainty. Switch life
is a critical consideration in production test systems, satellite and antenna
monitoring systems, and test instrumentation. The longevity of the switch
increases system uptime, and lowers
the cost of ownership by reducing calibration cycles and switch maintenance.
Agilent 87406B
Coaxial Matrix Switch
dc to 20 GHz
Product Overview
2
Operating to 20 GHz, this switch
exhibits the exceptional isolation performance required to maintain measurement integrity. Isolation between
ports is typically >100 dB to 20 GHz.
This reduces the influence of signals
from other channels, sustains the
integrity of the measured signal, and
reduces system measurement uncertainties. This switch also minimizes
measurement uncertainty with low
insertion loss and reflection, which
makes it an ideal element in large,
multi-tiered switching systems.
The 87406B is designed to fall within
most popular industry footprints.
The 2
1
/4 inch square flange provides
mounting holes, while the rest of the
2
1
/2 inch long by 21/4 inch diameter
body will easily fit into most systems.
Ribbon cable or optional solder terminal connections accommodate the
need for secure and efficient control
cable attachment. Option 100 provides solder terminal connections in
place of the 16-pin ribbon drive cable.
Option 100 does not incorporate the
“open all paths” feature.
Opto-electronic interrupts and indicators improve reliability and extend
the life of the switch by eliminating
DC circuit contact failures characteristic of conventional electromechanical
switches. This switch has an interrupt circuit that provides logic to
open all but the selected ports, then
closes the selected ports and the
current to all the solenoids is then
cut off. This switch also offers
independent indicators that are
controlled by optical interrupts in
the switch. The indicators provide a
connection between the indicator
common pin and the corresponding
sense pin of the selected port.
All unselected RF ports are terminated
with 50 ohm loads.
5
4
3
6
1
2
▲
▲
▲
▲
▲
▲
654321
Figure 1. Agilent 87406B connection diagram and simplified schematic
(RF path 4 to 1 shown)
3
Applications
Matrix signal routing
Figures 2 and 3 show the 87406B
configured for blocking 2 x 4 and
3 x 3 applications. With outstanding
repeatability and life greater than
5 million cycles, these switches
enhance measurement confidence
and reduce cost of ownership. In
addition, the matrix switch has the
versatility to provide single pole multiple throw signal routing up to 1 x 5
(SP5T). For applications requiring
only single pole multiple throw signal routing, the 87104 and 87106
series high performance switches
are recommended.
Information on switch drivers can be
found on page 9 of this document.
For additional information, request
publication number 5963-2038E,
Agilent 70611A, 87130A, and 11713A
Switch and Attenuator Driver
Configuration Guide.
General operation
The 87406B matrix switch consists of
6 ports which can be individually connected via internal microwave switches
to form an RF path (see Figure 4).
When control inputs are sent to the
switch, the internal diode logic and
position sensing circuitry routes current to the appropriate solenoids to
close or open the microwave switches
based on the input state. The position
sensing circuitry utilizes opto-electronic components to determine the
position of the individual internal
microwave switches. Each internal
microwave switch has two solenoids:
one to select or close the RF port, and
one to unselect or open the RF port.
Each solenoid requires 200 mA @ 24
VDC nominal. The position sensing
circuits serve three purposes: to
enable solenoids that need to be
switched, to interrupt the solenoid
current once the individual internal
microwave switch is closed or
opened, and to power the position
indicator circuits. The solenoid current is interrupted once the switching
solenoids are magnetically latched.
The drive current then returns to the
standby level that is required by the
opto-electronic components. When a
control input is applied, all RF ports
that have no enabling control input
are automatically opened by the
internal logic circuitry.
To configure a desired RF path, two
ports must be engaged which requires
a control input for each port to be
maintained. If the input is removed
from either port, that port will be
automatically opened by the internal
logic circuitry. All of the “open”
solenoids are internally connected to
pin 16 via diode logic circuitry
(Option 161 and T24 only). If no
input is present at any of the port
select pins (3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13), all of
the RF ports will be opened if pin 16
is selected.
6
1
2
3
4
5
5
4
3
6
1
2
6
1
2
4
5
5
4
3
6
1
2
3
Figure 2. Matrix switch configured for a
2 x 4 blocking application (RF Path 5 to 2
shown)
SOLENOID
DRIVE
MICROWAVE
SWITCHES
LOGIC
CIRCUIT
OPTICAL
POSITION
SENSING
POSITION
INDICATORS
DC
CONTROL
INPUT
RF PORTS
1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
16
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Figure 3. Matrix switch configured for a
3 x 3 blocking application (RF Path 5 to 1
shown)
Figure 4. Agilent 87406B block diagram
4
General operation (cont.)
Input applied to port select pins (3, 5,
7, 9, 11, 13) while pin 16 is selected
will override the signal on pin 16 and
close the respective ports. On standard switches, pin 16 can be permanently connected to ground to allow
the switch to open all RF ports at
power up (assuming no input is present at any of the port select pins). Not
available with Options 100 or T24.
If pin 15 is not grounded, the logic circuit
will not operate as expected, and damage
to the switch will occur.
Driving the switch
DC power connection
• Connect pin 1 to supply (+20 VDC
to +32 VDC)
• Connect pin 15 to chassis ground
to enable the electronic positionindicating circuitry and drive logic
circuitry.
WARNING: DAMAGE to switch will occur
if pin 15 is not grounded.
RF Path Selection
To connect any two RF ports, apply control
signal to the corresponding drive pins as
shown below.
Table 1. Agilent 87406B RF port drive
pin control data (see figure 8 for drive
connection diagrams.)
Using Table 1, select (close) the desired RF path by connecting ground
(Option 024 and Option 100) or
applying TTL “High” (Option T24)
to the corresponding “drive” pins.
Unselect (open) RF paths by disconnecting ground (Option 024 and
Option 100) or applying TTL “Low”
(Option T24) to the corresponding
“drive” pins.
Example: Configure the RF path from port 2
to port 5
Using the data in Table 1, select pins
5 and 11 while ensuring no other pins
are selected.
RF Port 65432
1 3, 13 3, 11 3, 9 3, 7 3, 5
2 5, 13 5, 11 5, 9 5, 7
3 7, 13 7, 11 7, 9
4 9, 13 9, 11
5 11, 13
RF Port 123456Open all*
Drive pin 3579111316
Option 024, Option 100 U G U U G U X**
Options T24, 100 L H L L H L X**
U = Ungrounded, G = Grounded, L = TTL “Low”, H = TTL “High”, X = Don’t care
* “Open All Ports” is not available with Option 100 or Option T24.
** “Open all RF Ports” feature is overridden by port selection.
5
Selected ports will be closed and unselected ports will be automatically
opened by the internal logic circuits
when new port selections are made.
After the RF port is switched and
magnetically latched, the solenoid
current is interrupted by the solidstate position sensing circuitry. The
drive voltage must be maintained to
avoid RF path disconnection by the
internal logic. For this reason, pulsed
drive is NOT recommended. Use the
87606B if pulse drive, such as used
on 70611A or 87130A, is desired.
Open all RF ports
Unselecting all RF ports and selecting
Pin 16 on standard and Option T24
opens all RF ports:
Selecting an RF port will override the
“open all RF ports” for each selected
port. If desired, pin 16 can be wired
directly to ground (Option 024) or
TTL “High” (Option T24) to open all
RF ports at power-up.
Break-before-make
Remove the control inputs from the
undesired port, then select the
desired port. The internal logic will
unselect the old port automatically
upon application of the new port
selection.
Make-before-break
Select the new RF port while maintaining the control input on the original
ports. Allow 15 ms for the switching
action to be completed, then unselect
the original port; the original port will
be automatically disconnected by the
internal logic.
Drive pin 3579111316
Option 024 UUUUUUG
Option T24 LLLLLLH
U = Ungrounded, G = Ground, L = TTL “Low”, H = TTL “High”
6
Electronic position indicators
The electronic position indicators
consist of optically isolated, solid
state relays that are driven by
photoelectric sensors coupled to the
mechanical position of the RF ports
moving elements (Figure 5). The circuitry consists of a common that can
be connected to an output corresponding to each RF port. When multiple
RF ports are engaged, the position
indicator corresponding to each
closed RF port will be connected to
common. The solid state relays are
configured for AC and/or DC operation. (See indicator specifications.)
The electronic position indicators
require that the supply (20–32 VDC)
be connected to pin 1 and ground
connected to pin 15.
Specifications
Specifications describe the instrument’s
warranted performance. Supplemental
and typical characteristics are intended
to provide information useful in applying the instrument by giving typical, but not warranted performance
parameters.
Maximum power rating: 1 W average into 50 ohm internal loads
Switching: 1 W average
Non-switching: 50 W Peak (10 µs max, not to exceed 1 watt
average)
Life: 5,000,000 cycles minimum
Switching time: 15 ms maximum
Indicator specifications (@25°C):
Maximum withstand voltage: 60 V
Maximum current capacity: 150mA
Maximum “ON” resistance: 2.5 Ω
Typical “OFF” resistance: 10 G Ω
▲
▲
▲
▲
▲
▲
PIN NUMBER FUNCTION
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
COMMON
PORT 1
PORT 2
PORT 3
PORT 4
PORT 5
PORT 6
Figure 5. Indicator function diagram
7
Supplemental characteristics
Insertion loss repeatability
(measured at 25°C) 0.03 dB
Characteristic impedance 50 ohms
RF connectors SMA (f)
Supplemental characteristic
0.1 1.0 10.0
0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Frequency (GHz)
10
100
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
CW power (Watts)
18
200
Power derating factor versus VSWR
Power derating factor
VSWR (:1)
1 1.5 2 2.5 3
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
Reference conditions:
• Cold switching only (NO Hot switching)
• Ambient temperature of 75°C or less
• Sea level (0.88 derating @ 15,000ft.)
• Load VSWR < 1.2 (see graph for derating
above 1.2 VSWR)
MAX incident CW power (cold switching) vs. frequency
8
Parameter Conditions Min Nom Max Units
Supply voltage, Vcc 20 24 32 V
Switching current Vcc=24 VDC 200
1
mA
Standby current (quiescent) 25 50 mA
Options T24 / 100
High level input 3 7 V
Low level input 0.8 V
Max high input current Vcc=Max ; Vinput=3.85 VDC 1 1.4 mA
1. 200 mA is required for each RF port closed or open. Using “open all ports” (pin 16) will require up to 1200 mA (6 ports
times 200 mA each). See General Operation Section, page 3.
7.0
3.0
0.8
Maximum
“on” state
Minimum
“on” state
Maximum
“off” state
TTL control voltage states
(Options T24/100)
“High”
“Low”
Frequency range dc to 20 GHz
Insertion loss 0.34 dB + 0.033 x frequency (GHz) maximum
Isolation 100 dB minimum to 12 GHz
80 dB minimum from 12 to 15 GHz
70 dB minimum from 15 to 20 GHz
SWR 1.21 maximum from dc to 4 GHz
1.35 maximum from 4 to 10 GHz
1.5 maximum from 10 to 15 GHz
1.7 maximum from 15 to 18 GHz
1.9 maximum from 18 to 20 GHz
Specifications (cont.)
Switch drive specifications
9
▲
▼
71.88
(2.83)
▲
▼
▲
▼
▲
▼
▲
▼
▲
▼
▲
▼
▲
▼
▲
▼
76.96
(3.03)
6.00
(0.236)
6.00
(0.236)
11.94
(0.470)
14.86
(0.585)
2.18
(0.086)
63.13
(2.486)
8.40
(0.331)
Solder terminals
Ribbon cable connector
Dimensions
in millimeters
and (inches)
▲
▼
▲
▼
32
45.72
(1.800)
57.15
(2.250)
Square
▲
▼
▼
4.37
(0.172)
ø
56
41
26.97
(1.062)
▼
▼
57.15
(2.250)
Figure 7. Product outline
15 16
Common Ground (Green—15)
Indicator Port 6 (Yellow—14)
Drive Port 5 (Brown—11)
Indicator Port 4 (Black—10)
Indicator Port 3 (Gray—8)
Drive Port 2 (Green—5)
Indicator Port 1 (Yellow—4)
* Open all ports (Blue—16)
Drive Port 3 (Violet—7)
Drive Port 6 (Orange—13)
Indicator Port 5 (Red—12)
Drive Port 4 (White—9)
Indicator Port 2 (Blue—6)
Drive Port 1 (Orange—3)
Indicator Common (Red—2)
Drive Common (Brown—1)
Mating cable connector
12
Standard/Option T24
Figure 8. Drive connection diagrams
* Open all ports pin is not available with Options
100/T24.
▲▲
Drive Sense
Common
ground
Ind. Comm.
Ind. 1
Ind. 2
Ind. 3
Ind. 4
Ind. 5
Ind. 6
+24 Vdc
Port 1
Port 2
Port 3
Port 4
Port 5
Port 6
10
12
14
2
4
6
8
15
1
3
5
7
9
11
13
Options 100/T00
▲▲
Drive Sense
Ind. comm.
Open all ports*
+24 Vdc
Port 1
Port 2
Port 3
Port 4
Port 5
Port 6
Common Ground
1 2
Ind. 1
3 4
Ind. 2
5 6
Ind. 3
7 8
Ind. 4
9 10
Ind. 5
11 12
Ind. 6
13 14
Switch connector
15 16
10
Troubleshooting
Symptom Probable cause
1. Will not switch • Not connected to supply
• Supply <20 V
• Supply current too low
• Not connected to ground
• Select line not at ground (std)
• TTL “Low” voltage too high (Options T24)
2. Position indicators don’t work • Supply not connected
• Supply <20 VDC
• Pin 15 not connected to ground
Environmental specifications
Operating temperature: –25 to 75°C
Storage temperature: –55 to 85°C
Temperature cycling: –55 to 85°C, 10 cycles per MIL-STD-202F, Method 107D,
Condition A (modified)
Vibration
Operating: 7 g: 5 to 2000 Hz at 0.25 in p-p
Survival: 20 g: 20 to 2000 Hz at 0.06 in p-p, 4 min/cycle, 4 cycles/axis
Random: .41 g (rms) 10 min/axis
Shock
Half-sine: 500 g at 0.5 ms, 3 drops/direction, 18 total
Operating: 50 g at 6 ms, 6 directions
Moisture resistance: 65 °C, 95% RH, 10 days per MIL-STD-202F, Method 106E
Altitude storage: 50,000 feet (15,240 meters per MIL-STD-202F, Method 105C, Condition B)
RFI: Per MIL-STD-461C, RE02, Part 4
Magnetic field: <5 gauss
1
/4 inch from surface
Physical specifications
Dimensions: Per figure 6
Weight: 229 gm (0.50 lb)
11
Ordering information
Coaxial Matrix Switch
87406B coaxial matrix switch dc to 20 GHz
Options
To add options to a product, use the following scheme:
Model: 87406b
Model options: 87406b-opt#1
87406b-opt#2
DC Connectors (must choose one)
87406B-161 16-pin DIP with quantity (one) ribbon cable, 24” with SMA female
connector
87406B-100 solder terminals
Control Logic (must choose one)
87406B-T24 TTL and 5 V CMOS compatibility
87406B-024 24 V dc without TTL Logic
Calibration Documentation (optional)
87406B-UK6 calibration data
Driver
11713A Attenuator switch driver
Drives up to 10 sections of switches or attenuators.
5061-0969 Accessory cable
Viking connector to bare tinned wires (60 inches long).
Use (2) 5061-0969 to connect the 11713A to the 87406B Option 100 switch.
Configuration guide
See publication 5963-2038E.
www.agilent.com
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Product specifications and descriptions in this document
subject to change without notice.
© Agilent Technologies, Inc. 2002, 2005
Printed in USA, August 24, 2005
5965-7841E
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