Agilent 8720D User’s Guide

User’s Guide

Agilent Technologies

8719D/20D/22D

Network Analyzers

Manufacturing Part Number: 08720-90288

Printed in USA

Print Date: February 1999

Supersedes: October 1998

© Agilent Technologies, Inc. 1996 - 1999

Hewlett-Packard to Agilent Technologies Transition

This manual may contain references to HP or Hewlett-Packard. Please note that
Hewlett-Packard's former test and measurement, semiconductor products and chemical analysis
businesses are now part of Agilent Technologies. To reduce potential confusion, the only
change to product numbers and names has been in the company name prefix: where a product
number/name was HP XXXX the current name/number is now Agilent XXXX. For example,
model number HP478A is now model number Agilent 478A.

Documentation Warranty

THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED "AS IS," AND IS
SUBJECT TO BEING CHANGED, WITHOUT NOTICE, IN FUTURE EDITIONS. FUR­THER, TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, AGILENT
DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WITH REGARD TO
THIS MANUAL AND ANY INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN, INCLUDING BUT
NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FIT­NESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. AGILENT SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR
ERRORS OR FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IN CONNECTION
WITH THE FURNISHING, USE, OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS DOCUMENT OR ANY
INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN. SHOULD AGILENT AND THE USER HAVE A
SEPARATE WRITTEN AGREEMENT WITH WARRANTY TERMS COVERING THE
MATERIAL IN THIS DOCUMENT THAT CONFLICT WITH THESE TERMS, THE WAR­RANTY TERMS IN THE SEPARATE AGREEMENT WILL CONTROL.

DFARS/Restricted Rights Notice

If software is for use in the per formance of a U.S. Government prime contract or
subcontract, Software is delivered and licensed as “Commercial computer software” as
defined in DFAR 252.227-7014 (June 1995), or as a “commercial item” as defined in FAR

2.101(a) or as “Restricted computer sof tware” as defined in FAR 52.227-19 (June 1987) or
any equivalent agency regulation or contract clause. Use, duplication or disclosure of
Software is subject to Agilent Technologies’ standard commercial l icense terms, and
non-DOD Departments and Agencies of the U.S. Government will receive no greater than
Restricted Rights as defined in FAR 52.227-19(c)(1-2) (June 1987) . U.S. Government users
will receive no greater than Limited Rights as defined in FAR 52.227-14 (June 1987) or
DFAR 252.227-7015 (b)(2) (November 1995), as applicable in any technical data.

Printing Copies of Documentation from the Web

To print copies of documentation from the Web, download the PDF file from the Agilent
web site:

•Go to http://www.agilent.com.

• Enter the document’s pa rt number (located on the title page) in the Quick Search box.

• Click GO.

• Click on the hyperlink for the document.

• Click the printer icon located in the tool bar.

Contacting Agilent

This information supersedes all prior HP contact information.

Online assistance: www.agilent.com/find/assist

Americas

Brazil

(tel) ([phone]
(fax) ([phone]

Canada

(tel) [phone]
(fax) [phone]

Mexico

(tel) 1 800 254 2440
(fax) 1 800 254 4222

Asia Pacific and Japan

Australia

(tel) 1 800 225 574
(fax) 1 800 681 776
(fax) 1 800 225 539

Japan (Bench)

(tel) 0120 32 0119
(alt) ([phone]
(fax) 0120 01 2144

Taiwan

(tel) 0800 047 669
(fax) 0800 047 667
(fax) 886 3492 0779

China

(tel) 800 810 0508
(alt) 800 810 0510
(fax) 800 810 0507
(fax) 800 810 0362

Japan (On-Site)

(tel) 0120 802 363
(alt) ([phone]
(fax) ([phone]

Thailand

(tel) 1 800 2758 5822
(alt) ([phone]
(fax) 1 800 656 336

Hong Kong
(tel) 800 933 229
(fax) 800 900 701

Singapore

(tel) 1 800 275 0880
(fax) ([phone]
(fax) ([phone]

Malaysia

(tel) 1800 880 399
(fax) 1800 801 054

Europe

Austria

(tel) 0820 87 44 11*
(fax) 0820 87 44 22

France

(tel) 0825 010 700*
(alt) (+33) (0)1 6453 5623
(fax) 0825 010 701*

Italy

(tel) (+39) (0)2 9260 8484
(fax) (+39) (0)2 9544 1175

Spain

(tel) ([phone]
(alt) ([phone]
(fax) ([phone]

Switzerland (Italian)

(tel) 0800 80 5353 opt. 3*
(alt) (+39) (0)2 9260 8484
(fax) (+41) (0)22 567 5314

(tel) = primary telephone number; (alt) = alternate telephone number; (fax) = FAX number; * = in country number

11/16/04

Belgium

(tel) (+32) (0)2 404 9340
(alt) (+32) (0)2 404 9000
(fax) (+32) (0)2 404 9395

Germany

(tel) 01805 24 6333*
(alt) 01805 24 6330*
(fax) 01805 24 6336*

Luxemburg

(tel) (+32) (0)2 404 9340
(alt) (+32) (0)2 404 9000
(fax) (+32) (0)2 404 9395

Sweden

(tel) 0200 88 22 55*
(alt) (+46) (0)8 5064 8686
(fax) 020 120 2266*

United King dom

(tel) (+44) (0)7004 666666
(alt) (+44) (0)7004 123123
(fax) (+44) (0)7004 444555

Denmark

(tel) ([phone]
(alt) ([phone]
(fax) ([phone]

Ireland

(tel) (+353) (0)1 890 924 204
(alt) (+353) (0)1 890 924 206
(fax)(+353) (0)1 890 924 024

Netherlands

(tel) (+31) (0)20 547 2111
(alt) (+31) (0)20 547 2000
(fax) (+31) (0)20 547 2190

Switzerland (French)

(tel) 0800 80 5353 opt. 2*
(alt) (+33) (0)1 6453 5623
(fax) (+41) (0)22 567 5313

United States

(tel) 800 829 4444
(alt) ([phone]
(fax) 800 829 4433

India

(tel) 1600 112 626
(fax) 1600 112 727
(fax) 1600 113 040

South Korea

(tel) 080 778 0011
(fax) 080 778 0013

Finland

(tel) ([phone]
(fax) (+358) (0) 10 855 2923

Israel

(tel) ([phone]
(fax) ([phone]

Russia

(tel) ([phone]
(alt) ([phone]
(fax) ([phone]

Switzerland (German )

(tel) 0800 80 5353 opt. 1*
(alt) (+49) (0)7031 464 63 33
(fax) (+41) (0)1 272 7373

User’s Guide

HP 8719D/2OD/22D

Network Analyzer

HP Part No. 08720-90288 Supersedes: October 1998

Printed in USA February 1999

Notice.

The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.
Hewlett-Packard makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, including

but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular
purpose. Hewlett-Packard shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or
consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material.

@

Copyright 1996-1999 Hewlett-Packard Company

Certification

Hewlett-Packard Company certifies that this product met its published specifications at the
time of shipment from the factory. Hewlett-Packard further certifies that its calibration
measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and
Technology, to the extent allowed by the Institute’s calibration facility, and to the calibration
facilities of other International Standards Organization members.

Warranty

Note

The actual warranty on your instrument depends on the date it was ordered
as well as whether or not any warranty options were purchased at that time.

lb

determine the exact warranty on your instrument, contact the nearest
Hewlett-Packard sales or service office with the model and serial number of
your instrument. See the table titled “Hewlett-Packard

Sales

and Service

Offices,” later in this section, for a list of sales and service offices.

This Hewlett-Packard instrument product is warranted against defects in material and
workmanship for the warranty period. During the warranty period, Hewlett-Packard Company
will, at its option, either repair or replace products which prove to be defective.

If the warranty covers repair or service to be performed at Buyer’s facility, then the service or

repair will be performed at the Buyer’s facility at no charge within HP service travel areas.
Outside HP service travel areas, warranty service will be performed at Buyer’s facility only
upon HP’s prior agreement, and Buyer

shaIl

pay HP’s round-trip travel expenses. In all other

areas, products must be returned to a service facility designated by HP
If the product is to be returned to Hewlett-Packard for service or repair, it must be returned

to a service facility designated by Hewlett-Packard. Buyer

shaIl

prepay shipping charges to
Hewlett-Packard and Hewlett-Packard shall pay shipping charges to return the product to
Buyer. However, Buyer

shaIl

pay

all

shipping charges, duties, and taxes for products returned

to Hewlett-Packard from another country.
Hewlett-Packard warrants that its software and

use with an instrument will execute its progr

ilrmware designated by Hewlett-Packard for

amming

instructions when properly installed on
that instrument. Hewlett-Packard does not warrant that the operation of the instrument, or
software, or

Iirmware will

be uninterrupted or error-free.

LIMITATION OF WARRANTY

The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate
maintenance by Buyer, Buyer-supplied software or interfacing, unauthorized modification or
misuse, operation outside of the environmental specifications for the product, or improper
site preparation or maintenance.

NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. HEWLETT-PACKARD SPECIFICALLY
DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED

WmRANTIES

OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A

PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

E

XCLUSIVE REMEDIES

THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES.
HEWLETT-PACKARD SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL,
INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT,
OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY

. . .

III

Maintenance

Clean the cabinet using a damp cloth only.

Assistance

Product

Hewlett-Rzckurd products.
I;br

maintenance

any

assistum

agreements

contact

gour

and other customer

nearest

Hewlett-&.&m-d

assisturn agrm

Sales and

semrice Om

are available for

iv

Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service

US

FIELD OPERA!I’IONS

OfEces

Instrnment

Hewlett-Packard Company
[phone]

IledqIlarters

Hewlett-Packard S.A.
160, Route du Nant-d’Avril
1217 Meyrin a/Geneva
Switzerland
(4122) 780.8111

Great Britain

~

Hewlett-Packard Ltd.

Eskdale Road, Winnersh Triangle

Wokingham,
England

(44 734) 696622

HeadqMrters

Hewlett-Packard Company
3495 Deer Creek Road
Palo Alto,
94304-1316
(416)

Support Center

Berkshire RG415DZ

California,

857-6027

USA

EUROPEAN FIELD OPERATIONS

Prance

Hewlett-Packard Prance Hewlett-Packard

1 Avenue Du Canada

Zone

D’Activite
F-91947 Lea

France (49 6172)
(33 1) 69 82 60 60

INTERCON FIELD OPERATIONS

AnstralIa

Hewlett-Packard Australia Ltd. Hewlett-Packard (Canada) Ltd.

31-41

Joseph Street
Blackbum, Victoria 3130
(61 3) 895-2896

De Courtaboeuf

Ulis Cedex

h-Y

Hewlett-Packard
61352 Bad Homburg v.d.H

Germany

17500 South Service Road

TrausCanada Highway

Kirkland, Quebec

Canada

[phone]

GmbH
Strasse

16-O

HQJ 2X&?

1

China Hewlett-Packard Company Hewlett-Packard Japan, Ltd.

38BeiSanHuanXlRoad

shuaug Yu shu

Hai Dian District
Beijiq$

china

(86

1)

253-6888

l]iiWLWl

Hewlett-Packard

8th Flooq

337 Fu

Ihipei, T&wan

(886

H-P Building

I-king

2) 712-0404

‘Ihiwan

North Road

9-l

%kakura-Cho, Hachioji

lbkyo

192, Japan

(81426) 60-2111

Japan

Singapore

Hewlett-Packard Singapore

150 Beach Road

#29-00

Gateway West
Singapore 0718
(66) 291-9088

(Pte.)

Ltd.

Safety Symbols

The following safety symbols are used throughout this manual.
of the symbols and its meaning before operating this instrument.

Caution

Warning

Caution denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure that, if not
correctly performed or adhered to, would result in damage to or destruction
of the instrument. Do not proceed beyond a caution note until the indicated
conditions are fully understood and met.

Wkning

correctly performed or adhered to, could result in injury or loss of life.
Do not proceed beyond a warning note until the indicated conditions are
fully understood and met.

denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure which, if not

FamiIiarize

yourself with each

Instrument Markings

!

A

is necessary for the user to refer to the instructions in the documentation.

YE”

a year, it is when the design was proven.)

The instruction documentation symbol. The product is marked with this symbol when it

The CE mark is a registered trademark of the European Community. (If accompanied by

“ISMl-A”

“CSA” The CSA mark is a registered trademark of the Canadian Standards Association.

This is a symbol of an Industrial Scientific and Medical Group 1 Class A product.

vi

General Safety Considerations

Warning

Warning

Caution

Warning

Warning

This is a
ground incorporated in the power cord). The mains plug shall only be
inserted in a socket outlet provided with a protective earth contact. Any
interruption of the protective conductor, inside or outside the instrument,
is likely to make the instrument dangerous. Intentional interruption is
prohibited.

No operator serviceable parts inside. Refer servicing to
personnel. To prevent electrical shock, do not remove covers.

Before switching on this instrument, make sure that the line voltage selector
switch is set to the voltage of the power supply and the correct fuse is
installed.

The opening of covers or removal of parts is likely to expose dangerous
voltages. Disconnect the instrument from
being opened.

The power cord is connected to internal capacitors that may remain live
for 10 seconds after disconnecting the plug from its power supply.

safety

Class I product (provided with a protective earthing

qualilled

all voltage sources while it is

Warning

Warning

Note

For continued protection against fire hazard, replace line fuse only with
same type and rating (F
prohibited.

If this instrument is used in a manner not specilled by
Co., the protection provided by the instrument may be impaired.

This instrument has been designed and tested in accordance with IEC
Publication 348, Safety Requirements for Electronics Measuring Apparatus, and
has been supplied in a safe condition. This instruction documentation contains
information and warnings which must be
operation and to maintain the instrument in a safe condition.

3A/250V).

The use of other fuses or material is

Hewlett-I%&a.rd

followed

by the user to ensure safe

vii

User’s Guide Overview

n Chapter 1, “HP

8719D/20D/22D

Description and Options,” describes features, functions, and

available options

n Chapter 2, “Making Measurements,” contains step-by-step procedures for making

measurements or using particular functions.

n

Chapter 3, “Making Mixer Measurements,”

contains step-by-step procedures for making

calibrated and error-corrected mixer measurements.

n

Chapter 4, “Printing, Plotting, and Saving Measurement Results, n contains instructions
for saving to disk or the analyzer internal memory, and printing and plotting displayed
measurements.

n

Chapter 5, “Optimizing Measurement Results,” describes techniques and functions for

achieving the best measurement results.

n

Chapter 6, “Application and Operation Concepts, n contains explanatory-style information

about many applications and analyzer operation.

n Chapter 7, “Specifications and Measurement Uncertainties,” defines the performance

capabilities of the analyzer.

n Chapter 8, “Menu
n Chapter 9, “Key Definitions,” describes all the front panel keys, softkeys, and their

Maps,m

shows softkey menu relationships.

corresponding HP-IB commands.

n Chapter 10, “Error Messages,” provides information for interpreting error messages.

n Chapter 11, “Compatible Peripherals,

n

lists measurement and system accessories, and
other applicable equipment compatible with the analyzer. Procedures for configuring the
peripherals, and an HP-IB progr

n

Chapter 12, “Preset State and Memory Allocation, n contains a discussion of memory

amming

overview are also included.

allocation, memory storage, instrument state definitions, and preset conditions.

n

Appendix A, “The

the

CITItile

data format as well as a list of

CITIiile

Data Format and Key Word Reference, n contains information on

CITIille

keywords.

VIII

. .

.

Network Analyzer Documentation Set

The Installation and Quick Start Guide

familiarizes you with the network analyzer’s
front and rear panels, electrical and
environmental operating requirements, as well
as procedures for installing, configuring, and
verifying the operation of the analyzer.

The User’s Guide

measurements, explains commonly-used
features, and tells you how to get the most
performance from your analyzer.

The Quick Reference Guide

summary of selected user features.

The

Progmmm

programming information including an HP-IB
programming and command reference as well
as programming examples.

shows how to make

provides a

er’s

Guide

provides

The Service Guide

needed to adjust, troubleshoot, repair, and
verify conformance to published
specifications. Available with Option OBW.

provides the information

lx

hanufacturer’s

DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY

Name:

accordq to ISWIEC Guide

Hewlett-Packard Co.

22

and

EN 45014

Manufacturer’s Address:

Microwave Instruments Division

1400 Fountaingrove Parkway
Santa Rosa, CA
USA

declares that the product

Product Name:
Model Number:
Product Options:

Network Analyzer

HP 87190, HP 87200, HP 87220

This declaration covers all options of the

above products.

conforms to the following Product specifications:

Safety: IEC

EMC:

lOlO-1:199O+Al

CANKSA-C22.2

/EN

No. 10

61010-1:1993

10.1-92

CISPR 11:199O/EN 55011:1991

IECEOl-2:1984/EN

50082-1:1992

Group 1, Class A

4 kVCD, 8

/EC EOl-3:1984/EN 50082-1:1992 3 V/m, 27-500 MHz
/EC 801-4:1988IEN 50082-1:1992 0.5 kV Sig. Lines, 1 kV Power Lines

/EC 555-2: 1982 +A 1: 1985 / EN 60555-2: 1987

IEC

555-3:1982 +

A1:1990/

EN 60555-3:1987 +

95403-

kVAD

Al:1991

1799

Supplementary Information:

These products herewith comply with the requirements of the Low Voltage Directive

7U2ZYEEC

Santa Rosa, California, USA

Eumpean

and the EMC Directive 89/336/EEC

and

4 June 1996

Dixon Browder/Quality Manager

Contact: Your knxl Hewlett-Packard Sates and Service

HO-TRE, Hermnberger Stmse 130, D-71034 B6b@ten,

carry the CE-marking accordingly.

office or

Hewfett-Packard GmL#l,

Gennany

(FAX AS-7031-14-3143)

Department

Contents

1.

EP 8719D/20D/22D

Where to Look for More Information
Analyzer Description
Front Panel Features
Analyzer Display
Rear Panel Features and Connectors
Analyzer Options Available

Option

lD5,

Option 007, Mechanical Transfer Switch
Option 085, High Power System
Option 089, Frequency Offset Mode
Option 012, Direct Access Receiver Configuration
Option 400, Four-Sampler
Option 010, Time Domain
Option
Option

lCM,
lCP,

Rack Mount Flange Kit With Handles

Service and Support Options

2.

BMcing

Measurements

Where to Look for More Information
Principles of Microwave Connector Care
Basic Measurement Sequence and Example

Basic Measurement Sequence
Basic Measurement Example

Step 1. Connect the device under test and any required test equipment.
Step 2. Choose the measurement parameters.

Setting the Frequency Range

Setting the Source

Setting the Measurement
Step 3. Perform and apply the appropriate error-correction.
Step 4. Measure the device under test.
Step 5. Output the measurement results.

Using the Display Functions

To View Both Primary Measurement Channels
To Save a Data Trace to the Display Memory

‘Ib

View the Measurement Data and Memory Trace
To Divide Measurement Data by the Memory Trace
To Subtract the Memory Trace from the Measurement Data Trace

‘IbRatioMeasurementsinChannel1and2
To Title

the Active Channel Display

Using the Four-Parameter Display

Four-Parameter Display and Calibration

‘lb

View AII Four S-Parameters of a Two-Port Device

TbActivateandConfiguretheAuxiIiaryChannels

Quick Four-Parameter Display

Characterizing a Duplexer

Description and Options

.............................

.............................

..............................

..........................

High Stability Frequency Reference

Test

.........................

Rack Mount Flange Kit Without Handles

.........................

Power.

.........................

..........................

.....................

.....................

...............

...................

.......................

.....................

..............

Set

.....................

............

..............

.....................

...................

..................

........................

........................

..

...............

......................

.......................

........................

........

..................

.................

................

................

.............

.............

.......

.................

.....................

.......................

...................

.............

.............

........................

l-l

l-2
l-4

l-6
l-10

1-12
1-12
1-12
1-12
1-12
1-12
1-12
1-13
1-13
1-13
1-13

2-l

2-2
2-3
2-3
2-3
2-3
2-3
2-3
2-4
2-4

2-4

2-4
2-4
2-5

2-5

2-6

2-6

2-7
2-7
2-7
2-8

2-9
2-9
2-9

2-11

2-12
2-12

Contents-l

Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Procedure for Characterizing a Duplexer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Using Analyzer Display Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lb

Use Continuous and Discrete Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To

Activate Display Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

‘lb

Move Marker Information off of the Grids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lb

Use Delta (A) Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To Activate a Fixed Marker ,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Using

the

.:~~~~~~~~~~.~.. Key to Acmte

‘I’

:,

Using the

lb

Couple and Uncouple Display Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lb

Use Polar Format Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To Use Smith Chart Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

‘Ib

Set Measurement Parameters Using Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Start Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Stop Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Center Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Frequency Span . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the Display Reference

Setting the Electrical Delay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Setting the CW Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

To Search for a Specific Amplitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Searching for the Maximum Amplitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Searching for the Minimum Amplitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Searching for a

Searching for a Bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Tracking the Amplitude that You Are Searching . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

‘lb

Calculate the Statistics of the Measurement Data . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Measuring Magnitude and Insertion Phase Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Measuring the Magnitude Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Measuring Insertion Phase Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Measuring Electrical Length and Phase Distortion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Measuring Electrical Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Measuring Phase Distortion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Deviation From Linear Phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Group Delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TestingaDevicewithLimitLines..

Setting Up the Measurement Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Creating Flat Limit Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Creating a Sloping Limit Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Creating Single Point Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Editing Limit Segments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Deleting Limit Segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

RunningaLimitTest

Reviewing the Limit Line Segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ActivatingtheLimitTbt

Offsetting Limit Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Measuring Gain Compression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Measuring Gain and Reverse Isolation Simultaneously . . . . . . . . . . . . .

High Power Measurements (Option 085 Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Initial Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Determining Power Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Additional Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Selecting Power Ranges and Attenuator Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

:~$Il@J ,:,,,

XJXJ Key to Activate a Fixed Reference Marker

Value

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

‘Ihrget

Amplitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

a

fied Reference M=ker

. . . . . .

. .

:

2-13
2-13
2-16
2-16

2-17
2-18
2-20
2-20

2-21

2-22
2-23
2-23

2-24
2-25

2-25
2-26
2-26
2-27
2-28
2-29
2-29
2-30
2-30
2-30
2-30
2-31
2-32

2-33

2-34
2-34
2-35

2-37
2-37
2-39
2-40

2-40

2-43
2-43
2-44
2-46
2-48
2-49
2-49
2-50
2-50
2-50
2-51
2-52

2-56

2-58
2-58
2-59
2-60
2-61

FinalSetup

Measurements Using the Tuned Receiver Mode

Typical test setup
Tuned receiver mode in-depth description

Frequency Range

Compatible Sweep Types

External Source Requirements
Test Sequencing
Creating a Sequence

Running a Sequence

Stopping a Sequence
Editing a Sequence

Deleting Commands

Inserting a Command

Modifying a Command
Clearing a Sequence from Memory
Changing the Sequence Title

Naming Files Generated by a Sequence

Storing a Sequence on a Disk
Loading a Sequence from Disk
Purging a Sequence from Disk

Printing a Sequence
Cascading Multiple Example Sequences

Loop Counter Example Sequence

Generating Files in a Loop Counter Example Sequence

Limit Test Example Sequence

................................

................

.............................

..................

............................

.........................

......................

...............................

.............................

............................

............................

............................

...........................

..........................

..........................

.....................

........................

....................

........................

.......................

.......................

............................

...................

......................

............

........................

Measuring a Device in the Time Domain (Option 010 Only)

Transmission Response in Time Domain
Reflection Response in Time Domain

Non-coaxial Measurements

..........................

...................

....................

...........

2-62

2-64
2-64
2-64
2-64
2-64

2-65

2-65
2-66
2-67
2-67

2-68

2-68
2-68

2-69
2-69
2-70
2-70

2-71

2-72

2-72

2-72

2-73

2-74
2-75
2-77

2-79

2-79
2-83

2-86

3. Making Mixer Measurements (Option 089 Only)

Where to Look for More Information
Measurement Considerations

....

Mmumzmg

Source and Load Mismatches

.........................

Reducing the Effect of Spurious Responses
Eliminating Unwanted Mixing and Leakage

HowRFandIFAreDeflned

Frequency Offset Mode Operation

.....................

..................

.................

Signals.

........................

......................

Differences Between Internal and External R-Channel Inputs
Power Meter Calibration

Conversion Loss Using the Frequency Offset Mode
High Dynamic Range Swept RF/IF Conversion Loss
Fixed IF Mixer Measurements

Tuned Receiver Mode
Sequence 1 Setup

Sequence 2 Setup
Phase or Group Delay Measurements
Amplitude and Phase Tracking

..........................

...............

..............

........................

...........................

.............................

.............................

.....................

........................

Conversion Compression Using the Frequency Offset Mode
Isolation Example Measurements

LO to RF Isolation
RF Feedthrough

.............................

..............................

.......................

.............

.........

...........

3-1

3-2
3-2

3-2

3-2

3-2
3-4

3-4

3-6
3-7

3-12
3-17
3-17
3-17
3-21
3-24

3-27

3-28
3-33

3-33

3-35

Contents-3

4.

Printing, Plotting, and Saving Measurement Results

Where to Look for More Information
Printing or Plotting Your Measurement Results
Configuring a Print Function

DellningaPrintFunction

.........................

..........................

If You Are Using a Color Printer

To Reset the Printing Parameters to Default Values
Printing One Measurement Per Page
Printing Multiple Measurements Per Page

Configuring

If You Are Plotting to an

a Plot Function

.........................

HPGL/2

If You Are Plotting to a Pen Plotter

IfYouArePlottingtoaDiskDrive

Detlning

a Plot Function

...........................

To Reset the Plotting Parameters to Default Values
Plotting One Measurement Per Page Using a Pen Plotter
Plotting Multiple Measurements Per Page Using a Pen Plotter

If You Are Plotting to an HPGL Compatible Printer
Plotting a Measurement to Disk

‘IbOutputthePlotFiles

TlbViewPlotFilesonaPC

usingAmiPro

Using Freelance

...............................

..............................

........................

..........................

..........................

Outputting Plot Files from a PC to a Plotter

.....................

.................

............

:.:

...

.....................

...................

Compatible Printer

.............

.....................

.....................

..............

............

..........

.............

..................

Outputting Plot Files from a PC to an HPGL Compatible Printer

Step 1. Store the HPGL initialization sequence.

...............

Step 2. Store the exit HPGL mode and form feed sequence.
Step 3. Send the HPGL initialization sequence to the printer.
Step 4. Send the plot

6Ie

to the printer.

...................

Step 5. Send the exit HPGL mode and form feed sequence to the printer.

OutputtingSiiePagePlotsUsingaPrinter.

Outputting Multiple Plots to a Siie Page Using a Printer

Plotting Multiple Measurements Per Page from Disk

lbPlotMultipleMeasurementsonaFuIIPage

lb

Plot Measurements in Page Quadrants

Titling the Displayed Measurement

......................

Con6guringtheAnalyzertoProduceaThneStamp
AbortingaPrintorPlotProcess

.......................

Printing or Plotting the List Values or Operating Parameters

IfYouWantaSiiePageofValues

IfYouWanttheEntireListofValues

.....................

....................

Solving Problems with Printing or Plotting
Saving and Recalling Instrument States

Places Where You Can Save

........................

....................

What You Can Save to the Analyzer’s Internal Memory

WhatYouCanSavetoaFloppyDisk

What You Can

Saving an Instrument State

Save

to a Computer

..........................

Saving Measurement Results

ASCII Data Formats

CITIfile
S2P

.................................

Data Format.

............................

............................

Re-Saving an Instrument State
Deleting a File

‘Ib

Delete an Instrument State

................................

.........................

........................

File

....................

.....................

.....................

.................

...........

..............

................

..................

..............

..........

..................

............

....:..:....

:

........

........

........

...

:

4-2
4-3
4-3
4-5
4-5

4-6
4-6
4-6
4-8

4-8
4-10
4-11
4-12

4-16

4-16

4-17

4-18
4-19

4-19
4-20

4-21
4-22

4-22
4-23
4-23
4-24

4-24

4-24
4-24
4-24

4-25

4-26
4-26
4-28
4-29
4-30

4-30
4-30
4-30
4-31
4-32
4-33
4-33
4-33
4-33

4-34
4-35
4-36

4-39
4-39
4-39
4-41
4-41
4-41

Contents4

‘IbDeleteallFiles
RenamingaFile
RecaIlingaFile

Formatting a Disk
Solving Problems with Saving or Recalling Files

IfYouAreUsinganExtemalDiskDrive.

.............................

...............................

...............................

..............................

................

..................

5. Optimizing Measurement Results

Where to Look for More Information
Increasing Measurement Accuracy

Connector Repeatability
Interconnecting Cables
Temperature Drift
Frequency Drift

.............................

..............................

Performance Verification

..........................

...........................

..........................

Reference Plane and Port Extensions

Measurement Error-Correction

Conditions Where Error-Correction Is Suggested
Types of Error-Correction

.........................

Error-Correction Stimulus State
Calibration Standards

...........................

Choosing Calibration Load Standards

.....................

......................

....................

........................

...............

.......................

...................

Compensating for the Electrical Delay of Calibration Standards

Chi.rifying Type-N

Connector Sex

When to Use Interpolated Error-Correction
Procedures for Error-Correcting Your Measurements
Frequency Response Error-Corrections

Response Error-Correction for Reflection Measurements

Response Error-Correction for Transmission Measurements

Receiver Calibration

............................

Frequency Response and Isolation Error-Corrections

.....................

.................

..............

....................

...........

..........

..............

Response and Isolation Error-Correction for Reflection Measurements

Response and Isolation Error-Correction for Transmission Measurements
One-Port Reflection Error-Correction
Full Two-Port Error-Correction
TRL and TRM Error-Correction

TRL Error-Correction
TRM Error-Correction

...........................

...........................

Modifying Calibration Kit Standards.

Definitions

................................

Outline of Standard Modification
Modifying Standards
Modifying TRL Standards.
Modifying TRM Standards

............................

.........................

.........................

Power Meter Measurement Calibration

Entering the Power Sensor Calibration Data

Editing Frequency Segments

Deleting Frequency Segments
Compensating for Directional Coupler Response
Using Sample-and-Sweep Correction Mode
Using Continuous Correction Mode

‘RI

Calibrate the Analyzer Receiver to Measure Absolute Power

Calibrating for Noninsertable Devices

Adapter Removal

Perform the

.............................

2-port

Error Corrections

.....................

........................

........................

.....................

......................

....................

.................

.......................

......................

...............

..................

.....................

.....................

...................

.......

.....

...

.......

4-41

4-42

4-42

4-43

4-43

4-43

5-2
5-2
5-2
5-2
5-2

5-3
5-3
5-3

5-4

5-4

5-4
5-5

5-6

5-6
5-6

5-7

5-7

5-8

5-9

5-9

5-11
5-12
5-14
5-14
5-16
5-18
5-21

5-24
5-24

5-26
5-28
5-28
5-28

5-29

5-30

5-32
5-35
5-36

5-36
5-37

5-37

5-38

5-39
5-40

5-41

5-42

5-43

Contents-5

Remove the Adapter
Verify the Results

Example Program
Matched Adapters
Modify the Cal Kit Thru Definition

Maintaining Test Port Output Power During Sweep Retrace

...........................

............................

............................

.............................

.....................

...........

Making Accurate Measurements of Electrically Long Devices

The Cause of Measurement Problems

To Improve Measurement Results

Decreasing the Sweep Rate
Decreasing the Time Delay
Using Stepped Sweep Mode

Increasing Sweep Speed

lb

Decrease the Frequency Span

...........................

........................

........................

.......................

‘IbSettheAutoSweepTimeMode
‘Lb

Widen the System Bandwidth

‘Lb

Reduce the Averaging Factor

‘lb

Reduce the Number of Measurement Points

TbSettheSweepType

....

..........................

....................

......................

......................

.....................

......................

......................

................

To View a Single Measurement Channel

lb

Activate Chop Sweep Mode
To Use External Calibration

‘lb

Use Fast Z-Port Calibration

Increasing Dynamic Range

‘lb

Increase the Test Port Input Power

‘lb

Reduce the Receiver Noise Floor

..........................

Changing System Bandwidth

Changing Measurement Averaging

Reducing Trace Noise

To Activate Averaging

............................

...........................

To Change System Bandwidth
Reducing Receiver CrosstaIk
Reducing Recall Time

............................

.......................

........................

.......................

....................

.....................

.......................

....................

.......................

.........................

..........

: : : : : : :

:

5-44

5-46

5-47

5-48
5-49

5-50
5-51
5-51
5-51
5-51
5-52
5-52

5-53
5-53
5-53
5-54

5-54
5-54
5-55

5-55

5-56
5-56
5-57
5-58
5-58
5-58

5-58
5-58

5-59

5-59
5-59

5-59

5-60

6.

Application and Operation Concepts

Where to Look for More Information
System Operation

The Built-In Synthesized Source

TheBuilt-InTestSet

The Receiver Block
The Microprocessor
Required Peripheral Equipment

Data Processing

Processing Details

Contents-6

.....................

..............................

......................

The Source Step Attenuator

.......................

............................

............................

............................

.......................

...............................

.............................

TheADC

IF Detection
Ratio Calculations
Sampler/IF Correction
Sweep-lb-Sweep Averaging
Pre-Raw Data Arrays
Raw Arrays

................................

...............................

............................

..........................

........................

..........................

...............................

Vector Error-correction (Accuracy Enhancement)
Trace Math Operation
Gating (Option 010 Only)

..........................

.........................

.............

6-l

6-2
6-2
6-3
6-3
6-3
6-3
6-3
6-4
6-5
6-5
6-5

6-5

6-5
6-5
6-6
6-6

6-6
6-6
6-6

The Electrical Delay Block
Conversion

...............................

Transform (Option 010 Only)
Format
Smoothing
Format Arrays
Offset & Scale
Display Memory

Active Channel Keys

.................................

................................

..............................

..............................

.............................

.............................

........................

.......................

Auxiliary Channels and Two-Port Calibration

Enabling Auxiliary Channels

Multiple Channel Displays

........................

.........................

Uncoupling Stimulus Values Between Channels

Coupled Markers

Entry Block Keys

Units Terminator

Knob

Steo Kevs

CL-j

p-J

..............

............

. . . . . . . . . . . .

...............

.........

.........

.........

Modifying or Deleting Entries . .
Turning off the

................

0

...............

I-]

Stimulus Functions

Softkey

Menu

........

Defining Ranges with Stimulus Keys
Stimulus Menu
The Power Menu

..........

.........

Understanding the Power Ranges .

Automatic mode
Manual mode

Power Coupling Options

Channel coupling

Test

port coupling

Sweep Time

...........

Manual Sweep Time Mode
Auto Sweep Time Mode
Minimum Sweep Time
Trigger Menu

........

.........

.....

.......

.......

....

.....

......

..........

Source Attenuator Switch Protection

.....................

.....................

.....................

.....................

.....................

.....................

.....................

.....................

.

.....................

.....................

.....................

.....................

....................

.....................

.....................

.....................

.....................

.....................

.....................

.....................

.....................

.....................

.....................

.....................

.....................

.....................

.....................

Allowing Repetitive Switching of the Attenuator
Channel Stimulus Coupling
Sweep Type Menu

..............................

Linear Frequency Sweep (Hz)
Logarithmic Frequency Sweep (Hz)

List Frequency Sweep (Hz)

Segment Menu.

Power Sweep

(dBm)

CW Time Sweep (Seconds)
Selecting Sweep Modes
Swept or Stepped Frequency
Modifying List Frequencies

Edit list menu
Edit

subsweep

..............................

menu

Response Functions

..........................

........................

.....................

.........................

.............................

............................

.........................

...........................

........................

.........................

...........................

.............................

................

...............

..............

6-6

6-6
6-7
6-7

6-7

6-7
6-7
6-7

6-8

6-8

6-9
6-9

6-9

6-9

6-10
6-10
6-11
6-11
6-11
6-11
6-11

6-11

6-11
6-11

6-12

6-12
6-13
6-14

6-14

6-14

6-14

6-17

6-17

6-17

6-18
6-18

6-18

6-18

6-20

6-21
6-21

6-22

6-23

6-23
6-24
6-24
6-24
6-25
6-25
6-25
6-25
6-26
6-26
6-26
6-27

contents-7

S-Parameters ................................

Understanding S-Parameters

The S-Parameter Menu

Analog In Menu
Conversion Menu
Input Ports Menu

...........................

.............................

............................

............................

The Display Format Menu

Log Magnitude Format

PhaseFormat

...............................

Group Delay Format
Smith Chart Format
Polar Format

...............................

...........................

............................

............................

Linear Magnitude Format.

........................

..........................

.........................

SWRFormat................................

RealFormat

................................

ImaginaryFormat .............................

Group Delay Principles

Scale Reference Menu

Electrical Delay

Display Menu

..............................

................................

Dual Channel Mode

Dual

Channel Mode with Decoupled Channel Power

Four-Parameter Display Functions

Customizing the Display
Channel Position

4 Param Displays Softkey
Memory Math Functions
Adjusting the Colors of the Display

Setting Display Intensity

Setting Default Colors

Blanking the Display

Saving Modified Colors

Recalling Modified Colors

The Modify Colors Menu

Averaging Menu

Averaging
Smoothing

...............................

.................................

.................................

IF Bandwidth Reduction

Markers

Marker Menu

...................................

...............................

Delta Mode Menu

Fixed Marker Menu

Marker Function Menu

Marker Search Menu

‘IhrgetMenu

Marker Mode Menu

Polar Marker Menu
Smith Marker Menu

Measurement Calibration

What Is Accuracy Enhancement?
What Causes Measurement Errors?

Directivity

...............................

Source Match

Load Match

...............................

Isolation (Crosstalk)

...........................

............................

............................

............

.....................

.........................

Softkey

.........................

.........................

..........................

.....................

.........................

..........................

...........................

..........................

.........................

.........................

..........................

............................

..........................

...........................

...........................

..............................

...........................

..........................

..........................

...........................

......................

.....................

..............................

...........................

6-28
6-28
6-29

6-29

6-29
6-30
6-31
6-31
6-32
6-32
6-33
6-34
6-35
6-35
6-36
6-36
6-37
6-40
6-40
6-41
6-42

6-43

6-44
6-44
6-44
6-45
6-47
6-47
6-47
6-48
6-48
6-48
6-48
6-48
6-50

6-50
6-51
6-51

6-53
6-54
6-54

6-54
6-55

6-55

6-55

6-55

6-55

6-55
6-56

6-56

6-57

6-57

6-58

6-58

6-59

Contents-6

Frequency Response (Tracking)

Characterizing Microwave Systematic Errors

One-Port Error Model

Device Measurement

Two-Port Error Model

Calibration Considerations

Measurement Parameters
Device Measurements

..........................

...........................

..........................

..........................

..........................

...........................

Omitting Isolation Calibration
Saving Calibration Data

..........................

The Calibration Standards

......................

.................

........................

.........................

Frequency Response of Calibration Standards

Electrical Offset

Fringe Capacitance
How Effective Is Accuracy Enhancement?
Correcting for Measurement Errors

Ensuring a Valid Calibration

Interpolated Error-correction

The Calibrate Menu

Response Calibration

Response and Isolation

S11

and $2 One-Port Calibration

FuII Two-Port
TRL/LRM

Two-Port Calibration
Restarting a Calibration

CaIKitMenu

................................

TheSelectCaIKitMenu

Modifying Calibration Kits

DeBnitions

Procedure

.................................

Modify Calibration Kit Menu

Define

Standard Menus.
Specify offset menu
Label standard menu
Specify Class Menu
Label Class Menu
Label Kit Menu

Verify performance

TRL/LRM

Calibration
Why Use TRL Calibration?
TRL

%lTlinology

How

TRL*/LRM*

TRL Error Model.

Isolation
Source match and load match

.............................

...........................

...................

......................

........................

........................

.............................

............................

Caiibration

.....................

......................

Calibration.

.........................

.......................

...........................

..........................

..........................

................................

........................

.........................

...........................

...........................

...........................

............................

.............................

............................

.............................

.........................

..............................

Calibration Works

.....................

............................

................................

......................

HowTrueTRL/LRMWorks(Option4OOOniy)

Improving Raw Source Match and Load Match For
The TRL Calibration Procedure

Requirements for TRL Standards
Fabricating and
TRL Options

Power Meter Calibration

Primary Applications

dehning cahbration

...............................

...........................

............................

Calibrated Power Level

Compatible Sweep Types

.......................

.....................

standards for

..........................

..........................

................

................

TRL*/LRM*

TRL/LRM

Calibration

........

. .

6-59
6-59
6-59
6-65
6-65
6-71
6-71
6-71
6-71
6-71
6-72
6-72
6-73
6-73
6-75

6-77

6-77

6-78

6-79

6-79

6-79

6-79
6-79
6-80
6-81
6-81
6-81

6-82
6-82
6-82

6-83

6-84
6-86
6-87
6-87
6-89
6-89
6-90
6-91
6-91
6-92

6-92
6-92
6-93
6-94
6-94
6-95
6-96
6-96
6-97

6-99
6-101
6-101
6-101
6-101

Loss of Power Meter Calibration Data

....................

Interpolation in Power Meter Calibration

Power Meter Calibration Modes of Operation

Continuous Sample Mode (Each Sweep)
Sample-and-Sweep Mode (One Sweep)

Power Loss Correction List
Power Sensor Calibration Factor List
Speed and Accuracy

............................

Test Equipment Used

Stimulus Parameters

Notes on Accuracy

...........................

............................

Alternate and Chop Sweep Modes

Alternate
Chop

.................................

...................................

Calibrating for Non-Insertable Devices

Adapter Removal
Matched Adapters
Modify the

Cal

.............................

.............................

Kit Thru Definition

Using the Instrument State Functions

HP-IB Menu

HBK&uS

.................................

I..catb;s

........................

....................

..........................

......................

....................

.....................

.....................

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

System Controller Mode

Talker/Listener Mode

Pass Control Mode

Address Menu

Using the

Parallel

The Copy Mode
The GPIO Mode

The System Menu

TheLimitsMenu.

.............................

...............................

Port

.............................

.............................

..............................

.............................

Edit Limits Menu
Edit Segment Menu
Offset Limits Menu.

Knowing the Instrument Modes
Network Analyzer Mode
Tuned Receiver Mode
Frequency Offset Menu (Option 089)

Primary Applications.

Typical

Test Setup

..........................

............................

...........................

............................

...........................

...........................

.......................

..........................

...........................

....................

..........................

............................

Frequency Offset In-Depth Description

The Receiver Frequency
The Offset Frequency (LO)

Frequency

Frequency Ranges

Hierarchy

...........................

........................

.......................

..........................

Compatible Instrument Modes and Sweep Types
Receiver and Source Requirements
Display Annotations
Error Message

.............................

Spurious Signal

Time Domain Operation (Option 010)

The Transform Menu.
General Theory

..............................

Time Domain Bandpass

Adjusting

the Relative Velocity

..........................

Passband

kequencies

.....................

...........................

..........................

Factor

..................

................

..................

...................

..................

.............

...................

..................

...................

6-102
6-102
6-102
6-102
6-103
6-104
6-104

6-104
6-104
6-104
6-105
6-106
6-106
6-106
6-107

6-107
6-107
6-107
6-108

6-109
6-109

6-110
6-110
6-110

6-110

6-110
6-111
6-111

6-111
6-112
6-112
6-113
6-113
6-114

6-115

6-115

6-115

6-116

6-116

6-116

6-117

6-117

6-117

6-117

6-117

6-118

6-118

6-118

6-118
6-118
6-119
6-119

6-120

6-121

6-121

Contents-10

Reflection Measurements Using Bandpass Mode

..............

Interpreting the bandpass reflection response horizontal axis .......

Interpreting the bandpass reflection response vertical axis

Transmission Measurements Using Bandpass Mode

.............

Interpreting the bandpass transmission response horizontal axis

........

.....

Interpreting the bandpass transmission response vertical axis .......

TimeDomainLowPass.

Setting Frequency Range for Time Domain Low Pass

Minimum Allowable Stop Frequencies

Reflection Measurements In Time Domain Low Pass

Interpreting the low pass response horizontal axis

Interpreting the low pass response vertical axis

Fault Location Measurements Using Low Pass

Transmission Measurements In Time Domain Low Pass

Measuring

small

..........................

............

..................

............

............

.............

...............

...........

signal transient response using low pass step

......

Interpreting the low pass step transmission response horizontal axis
Interpreting the low pass step transmission response vertical axis

.....

Measuring separate transmission paths through the test device using low

pass impulse mode

Time Domain Concepts

Masking

Windowing
Range
Resolution

.................................

...............................

..................................

................................

Response resolution
Range resolution

Gating

.................................

Setting the gate

............................

............................

Selecting gate shape

Transforming CW Time Measurements into the Frequency Domain

Forward Transform Measurements

Interpreting the forward transform vertical axis
Interpreting the forward transform horizontal axis
Demodulating the results of the forward transform

Forward transform range

Test

Sequencing

...............................

In-Depth Sequencing Information

Features That Operate Differently When Executed In a Sequence

.........................

...........................

..........................

..........................

......

....................

.............

............

...........

........................

......................

......

Commands That Sequencing Completes Before the Next Sequence Command

Begins
Commands That Require a Clean Sweep
Forward Stepping In Edit Mode
Titles..
Sequence Size
Embedding the Value of the Loop Counter In a Title
Autostarting Sequences
The GPIO Mode

The Sequencing Menu

Gosub

Sequence Command

lTLI/OMenu

TI’L

Output for Controlling Peripherals

‘ITL

Input Decision Making

‘ITLOutMenu

Sequencing Special Functions Menu
Sequence Decision Making Menu

................................

..................

......................

................................

..............................

............

.........................

.............................

...........................

.........................

...............................

..................

........................

..............................

.....................

......................

...

6-121
6-122
6-122
6-123
6-123
6-123
6-124

6-124
6-124
6-125
6-125

6-125
6-125
6-127
6-127
6-128
6-128

6-128
6-129
6-129
6-130
6-132
6-133
6-133
6-134
6-135
6-135
6-136

6-136

6-137
6-137

6-137
6-137

6-138
6-140

6-140
6-140

6-140

6-141

6-141
6-141

6-141
6-141
6-141

6-141

6-142

6-142
6-142

6-142

6-142

6-144
6-144
6-144

Contents-11

--..

Decision Making Functions

.........................

Decision makmg functions jump to a softkey location, not to a specific

sequence title
Having a sequence jump to itself

‘ITL

input decision making
Limit test decision making
Loop counter/Ioop counter decision making

Naming Files Generated by a Sequence

HP-GL Considerations

Entering HP-GL Commands
Special Commands
Entering Sequences Using HP-IB

Reading Sequences Using HP-IB

Amplifier Testing

Amplifier Parameters.
Gain Compression
Metering the Power Level
High Power Amplifier Testing (Option 085 only)

MixerTesting..

Frequency Offset (Option 089
Tuned Receiver

Mixer

Parameters That You Can Measure

Accuracy Considerations

Attenuation at Mixer Ports

............................

.....................

........................

........................

................

....................

...........................

........................

............................

.....................

.....................

..............................

...........................

.............................

.........................

...............

..............................

only)

.....................

..............................

..................

..........................

........................

Filtering .................................

Frequency Selection
LO Frequency Accuracy and Stability

Up-Conversion and Down-Conversion Definition
Conversion Loss
Isolation

.................................

LOFeedthru/LOtoRFLeakage

RF

Feedthru

SWRlRetumLoss

...............................

Conversion Compression
Phase Measurements
Amplitude and Phase Tracking
Phase Linearity and Group Delay

Connection Considerations

...........................

...................

..............

..............................

.....................

.............................

..........................

............................

.......................

......................

..........................

Adapters .................................

Fixtures

IfYouWanttoDesignYourOwnFixture.

Reference Documents

General Measurement and Calibration Techniques
Fixtures and Non-Coaxial Measurements
On-Wafer Measurements

..................................

.................

............................

..............

..................

..........................

6-144
6-144

6-144
6-144
6-144
6-145
6-145
6-145
6-145
6-146
6-146
6-146
6-147
6-147
6-147
6-148

6-149

6-150
6-150
6-150

6-151

6-151

6-152

6-153
6-154
6-154
6-154
6-157
6-157
6-157
6-158

6-158

6-159
6-159
6-160
6-160
6-162

6-162

6-163
6-163

6-164
6-164

6-164
6-165

ConteRttbl2

Specifications and Measurement Uncertainties

System Specifications

Specifications for Instruments with Multiple Options

Uncorrected Performance

HP

8719D

and HP

HP

8719D/8720D

HP

8719D/8720D

HP

8719D/8720D

HP

8719D/8720D

HP

87191)/872OD

HP

8719D/8720D

HP

8719D/8720D

HP

8722D

HP

Measurement Port Specifications

8722D

with 2.4 mm Connectors

HP8722Dwith2.4mmConnectors

HP

8722D

with 3.5 mm Connectors

HP

87221)

with 3.5 mm Connectors

HP8722Dwith3.5mmConnectors

HP
HP

8722D
8722D

with Type-N Connectors
with Type-N Connectors

General Characteristics

Remote Programming

............................

............. 7-l

..........................

8720D

Measurement Port Specifications

with 3.5 mm Connectors

with 3.5 mm Connectors
with 3.5 mm Connectors

with 7 mm Connectors

with 7 mm Connectors

with Type-N Connectors

with Type-N Connectors

..................

..................

..................

..................

..................

..................

..................

...........

..................

.....................

.....................

.....................

.....................

.....................

.....................

.....................

............................

...........................

Interface ................................

Transfer Formats
Interface Function Codes

Front Panel Connectors
Rear Panel Connectors

External Reference Frequency Input (EXT REF INPUT)

High-Stability Frequency Reference Output (10 MHz)--Option lD5

External AuxiIiary Input (AUX INPUT)

ExtemalAMInput(EXTAM).

External Trigger (EXT TRIGGER)

Test

Sequence Output (TEST SEQ)

LimitlkstOutput(LIMITTEST).
Test

Port Bias Input (BIAS CONNECT)

DIN Keyboard

LinePower

................................

Environmental Characteristics

General Conditions
Operating Conditions
Non-Operating Storage Conditions

Weight

..................................

Cabinet Dimensions
Internal Memory

............................

.........................

..........................

...........................

..........

only

..................

......................

.....................

....................

.....................

....................

...............................

.......................

............................

...........................

....................

............................

..............................

...

7-l

7-3
7-9

7-9
7-10
7-11
7-12
7-13
7-14
7-15

7-16
7-16
7-17
7-18
7-19
7-20

7-21

7-22
7-23
7-23

7-23
7-23

7-23
7-23
7-24

7-24

7-24

7-24

7-24

7-24

7-24
7-25

7-25

7-25

7-25

7-26
7-26

7-26
7-26
7-26
7-27
7-27

8. Menu Maps

Contents-13

9.

Key Definitions

Where to Look for More Information
Guide Terms and Conventions

Analyzer Functions

.............................

........................

Cross Reference of Key Function to

Softkey Locations

10.

Error Messages

..............................

Where to Look for More Information
Error Messages in Alphabetical Order
Error Messages in Numerical Order

11.

Compatible Peripherals

Where to Look for More Information
Measurement Accessories Available

Calibration Kits
Verification Kits
Test Port Return Cables
Adapter Sets
Transistor Test Fixtures

HP

85041A

Bias Supplies and Networks

Bias supplies
Bias Networks

System Accessories Available

System Cabinet
System

Testmobile

Plotters and Printers

..............................

..............................

..........................

...............................

..........................

Transistor Test Fixture Kit

........................

..............................

..............................

.........................

..............................

.............................

............................

These plotters are compatible:

These printers are compatible:
Mass Storage

HP-II3

Cables
Interface Cables
Keyboards
Controller
Sample Software.
External Monitors

COMeCtingPeripheralS

...............................

...............................

..............................

.................................

.................................

.............................

.............................

............................

Connecting the Peripheral Device

Configuring the Analyzer for the Peripheral

IfthePeripheraIIsaPrinter

If the Peripheral Is a Plotter

........................

........................

If the Peripheral Is a Power Meter

IfthePeripheraIIsanExtemaIDiskDrive

If the Peripheral Is a Computer Controller

Configuring

the Interface Port

........................

If the Peripheral Interface Is HP-IB
If the Peripheral Interface Is

Serial

If the Peripheral Interface Is Parallel

Conligming

HP-IB Programming Overview
HP-IB Operation

Device Types

%Iker

Listener

the Analyzer to Produce a Time Stamp

........................

...............................

...............................

..................................

.................................

.....................

Progr

amming Command

..........

.....................

.....................

......................

.....................

......................

..................

......................

......................

......................

..................

.....................

.................

..................

.....................

.....................

....................

..............

9-l

9-2

9-2
9-53
9-74

10-l

10-2

lo-26

11-l
11-l
11-l

11-2
11-2
11-3
11-4

11-4

11-4
11-4
11-5
11-6
11-6
11-6
11-6
11-6
11-6
11-7
11-7
11-7
11-8
11-8

11-8

11-8
11-10
11-10
11-11
11-11
11-11
11-12
11-12
11-12
11-13
11-13
11-14
11-14

11-15

11-16
11-17
11-17
11-17
11-17

contmts-14

Controller

HP-IB Bus Structure

Data Bus
Handshake Lines
Control Lines

HP-IB Requirements

................................

............................

................................

............................

..............................

............................

HP-IB Operational Capabilities

HP-IB Status Indicators

Bus Device Modes

.............................

System-Controller Mode

‘IhIkerListener Mode

Pass-Control Mode

Setting HP-IB Addresses

Analyzer Command Syntax

...........................

............................

..........................

..........................

Code Naming Convention

Valid

Characters

units

...................................

HP-IB Debug Mode

12.

Preset State and Memory Allocation

..............................

..............................

Where to Look for More Information

Types of Memory and Data Storage

Volatile Memory
Non-Volatile Memory
Storing Data to Disk

Conserving Memory

..............................

............................

............................

.............................

Using Saved Calibration Sets
Preset State

.................................

.......................

.........................

.........................

.........................

.....................

......................

.........................

11-17
11-18
11-18
11-18
11-18
11-19

1

l-20

11-21
11-21

1

l-22

11-22

11-22
11-22

11-23
11-23

11-24
11-25
1

l-25

12-1

12-1

12-1

12-2

12-4

12-6

12-6

12-7

A. The

CITIiUe

Data Format and Keyword Reference

The CITIfiIe Data Format

Description and Overview

Data Formats

File

and

Cperating

..................

System Formats

Definition of CITIfiIe Terms

A CITIfiIe Package
The

CITIiiIe

Header

AnArrayofData
CITI6Ie

CITIfiIe Examples

Keyword

.................

Example 2, An 8510 Display Memory

Example3,8510DatafiIe

Example 4, 8510

Conclusion

....................

3-T&n

The CITIfiIe Keyword Reference

Index

...............

.............

........

.............

................

...............

................

................

.....

File

............

Frequency List

Cal

Set

File

...........

............

............

............

............

............

............

............

............

............

............

............

............

............

............

............

A-l
A-l
A-l
A-l

A-2

A-2
A-2

A-2

A-3

A-4
A-4
A-4
A-5

A-6

A-7

Contents-l 6

Figures

l-l. HP

1-2. Analyzer Display (Single Channel, Cartesian Format)

l-3. HP
2-l. Basic Measurement Setup

2-2. Example of Viewing Both Primary Channels with a Split Display .......

2-3. Example of Viewing Both Primary Channels on a Single Graticule
2-4. Example of a Display Title
2-5.
2-6.
2-7. Duplexer Measurement
2-8. Active Marker Control
2-9. Active and Inactive Markers

2-10. Marker Information Moved into the
2-11. Marker Information on the Graticules
2-12. Marker 1 as the Reference Marker
2-13. Example of a Fixed Reference Marker Using

2-14. Example of a Fixed Reference Marker Using m
2-15. Example of Coupled and Uncoupled Markers
2-16. Example of a Log Marker in Polar Format
2-17. Example of Impedance Smith Chart Markers

2-18. Example of Setting the Start Frequency Using a Marker ...........

2-19. Example of Setting the Stop Frequency Using a Marker ...........

2-20. Example of Setting the Center Frequency Using a Marker ..........

2-21. Example of Setting the Frequency Span Using Markers ............

2-22. Example of Setting the Reference

2-23. Example of Setting the Electrical Delay Using a Marker ...........

2-24. Example of Searching for the Maximum Amplitude Using a Marker ......

2-25. Example of Searching for the Minimum Amplitude Using a Marker
2-26. Example of Searching for a

2-27. Example of Searching for a Bandwidth Using Markers ............

2-28. Example Statistics of Measurement Data
2-29. Device Connections for Measuring a Magnitude Response
2-30. Example Magnitude Response Measurement Results
2-31. Example Insertion Phase Response Measurement
2-32. Phase Samples
2-33. Device Connections for Measuring Electrical Length
2-34. Linearly Changing Phase
2-35. Example Best Flat Line with Added Electrical Delay

2-36. Deviation from Linear Phase Example Measurement .............

2-37. Group Delay Example Measurement
2-38. Group Delay Example Measurement with Smoothing
2-39. Group Delay Example Measurement with Smoothing Aperture Increased
2-40. Connections for SAW Filter Example Measurement
2-41. Example Flat Limit Line
2-42. Example Flat Limit Lines

8719D/20D/22D

8719D/20D/22D

3-Channel
4-Channel

Display
Display

Front Panel
Rear Panel

.............................

.............................

...........................

...........................

...............................

..........................

..........................

..........................

.......................

.............

.......................

.........................

......

.........................

........................

Softkey

.....................

Value

‘Ihrget

Amplitude Using a Marker .........

Menu Area

....................

AKEF=AFIm l%KI%

ZERO

................

..................

................

Using a Marker ...........

..................

..............

....................

..............

...........

.......

...........

......

...........

.............

.............

.............

.............

...

l-4

l-6

l-10

2-3
2-5

2-6

2-8

2-10
2-11
2-15
2-17
2-17
2-18
2-19
2-20
2-21

2-22
2-23
2-24
2-25
2-26
2-26
2-27
2-28

2-28

2-29
2-30
2-30
2-31
2-32

2-33
2-34
2-35

2-35
2-36

2-37
2-38
2-39
2-40

2-41

2-41
2-42
2-43
2-45
2-46

Contents-16