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8719D
Programming Guide
249 pgs4.47 Mb0
Service Manual
477 pgs8.72 Mb0
Users Guide
670 pgs18.34 Mb0
User’s Guide Supplement for FW 7.40 and above
26 pgs196.15 Kb0
User’s Guide Supplement for FW 7.60 and above
42 pgs767.95 Kb0
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Agilent 8719D Users Guide

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Notice

Hewlett-Packard to Agilent Technologies Transition
This documentation supports a product that previously shipped under the Hewlett­Packard company brand name. The brand name has now been changed to Agilent Technologies. The two products are functionally identical, only our name has changed. The document still includes references to Hewlett-Packard products, some of which have been transitioned to Agilent Technologies.
Printed in USA March 2000
Notice.
The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. Hewlett-Packard makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, including
but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Hewlett-Packard shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material.
@
Copyright 1996-1999 Hewlett-Packard Company
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Assistance
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Hewlett-Rzckurd products. I;br
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and other customer
nearest
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Sales and
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are available for
iv
Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service
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FIELD OPERA!I’IONS
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#29-00
Gateway West Singapore 0718 (66) 291-9088
(Pte.)
Ltd.

Safety Symbols

The following safety symbols are used throughout this manual. of the symbols and its meaning before operating this instrument.
Caution
Warning
Caution denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure that, if not correctly performed or adhered to, would result in damage to or destruction of the instrument. Do not proceed beyond a caution note until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.
Wkning
correctly performed or adhered to, could result in injury or loss of life. Do not proceed beyond a warning note until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.
denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure which, if not
FamiIiarize
yourself with each
Instrument Markings
!
A
is necessary for the user to refer to the instructions in the documentation.
YE”
a year, it is when the design was proven.)
The instruction documentation symbol. The product is marked with this symbol when it
The CE mark is a registered trademark of the European Community. (If accompanied by
“ISMl-A”
“CSA” The CSA mark is a registered trademark of the Canadian Standards Association.
This is a symbol of an Industrial Scientific and Medical Group 1 Class A product.
vi
User’s Guide Overview
n Chapter 1, “HP
8719D/20D/22D
Description and Options,” describes features, functions, and
available options
n Chapter 2, “Making Measurements,” contains step-by-step procedures for making
measurements or using particular functions.
n
Chapter 3, “Making Mixer Measurements,”
contains step-by-step procedures for making
calibrated and error-corrected mixer measurements.
n
Chapter 4, “Printing, Plotting, and Saving Measurement Results, n contains instructions for saving to disk or the analyzer internal memory, and printing and plotting displayed measurements.
n
Chapter 5, “Optimizing Measurement Results,” describes techniques and functions for
achieving the best measurement results.
n
Chapter 6, “Application and Operation Concepts, n contains explanatory-style information
about many applications and analyzer operation.
n Chapter 7, “Specifications and Measurement Uncertainties,” defines the performance
capabilities of the analyzer.
n Chapter 8, “Menu n Chapter 9, “Key Definitions,” describes all the front panel keys, softkeys, and their
Maps,m
shows softkey menu relationships.
corresponding HP-IB commands.
n Chapter 10, “Error Messages,” provides information for interpreting error messages. n Chapter 11, “Compatible Peripherals,
n
lists measurement and system accessories, and
other applicable equipment compatible with the analyzer. Procedures for configuring the
peripherals, and an HP-IB progr
n
Chapter 12, “Preset State and Memory Allocation, n contains a discussion of memory
amming
overview are also included.
allocation, memory storage, instrument state definitions, and preset conditions.
n
Appendix A, “The
the
CITItile
data format as well as a list of
CITIiile
Data Format and Key Word Reference, n contains information on
CITIille
keywords.
VIII
. .
.
hanufacturer’s

DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY

Name:
accordq to ISWIEC Guide
Hewlett-Packard Co.
22
and
EN 45014
Manufacturer’s Address:
Microwave Instruments Division
1400 Fountaingrove Parkway Santa Rosa, CA USA
declares that the product
Product Name: Model Number: Product Options:
Network Analyzer
HP 87190, HP 87200, HP 87220
This declaration covers all options of the
above products.
conforms to the following Product specifications:
Safety: IEC
EMC:
lOlO-1:199O+Al
CANKSA-C22.2
/EN
No. 10
61010-1:1993
10.1-92
CISPR 11:199O/EN 55011:1991
IECEOl-2:1984/EN
50082-1:1992
Group 1, Class A
4 kVCD, 8
/EC EOl-3:1984/EN 50082-1:1992 3 V/m, 27-500 MHz /EC 801-4:1988IEN 50082-1:1992 0.5 kV Sig. Lines, 1 kV Power Lines
/EC 555-2: 1982 +A 1: 1985 / EN 60555-2: 1987
IEC
555-3:1982 +
A1:1990/
EN 60555-3:1987 +
95403-
kVAD
Al:1991
1799
Supplementary Information:
These products herewith comply with the requirements of the Low Voltage Directive
7U2ZYEEC
Santa Rosa, California, USA
Eumpean
and the EMC Directive 89/336/EEC
and
4 June 1996
Dixon Browder/Quality Manager
Contact: Your knxl Hewlett-Packard Sates and Service
HO-TRE, Hermnberger Stmse 130, D-71034 B6b@ten,
carry the CE-marking accordingly.
office or
Hewfett-Packard GmL#l,
Gennany
(FAX AS-7031-14-3143)
Department
Contents
1.
EP 8719D/20D/22D
Where to Look for More Information Analyzer Description Front Panel Features Analyzer Display Rear Panel Features and Connectors Analyzer Options Available
Option
lD5,
Option 007, Mechanical Transfer Switch Option 085, High Power System Option 089, Frequency Offset Mode Option 012, Direct Access Receiver Configuration Option 400, Four-Sampler Option 010, Time Domain Option Option
lCM, lCP,
Rack Mount Flange Kit With Handles
Service and Support Options
2.
BMcing
Measurements
Where to Look for More Information Principles of Microwave Connector Care Basic Measurement Sequence and Example
Basic Measurement Sequence Basic Measurement Example
Step 1. Connect the device under test and any required test equipment. Step 2. Choose the measurement parameters.
Setting the Frequency Range
Setting the Source
Setting the Measurement Step 3. Perform and apply the appropriate error-correction. Step 4. Measure the device under test. Step 5. Output the measurement results.
Using the Display Functions
To View Both Primary Measurement Channels To Save a Data Trace to the Display Memory
‘Ib
View the Measurement Data and Memory Trace To Divide Measurement Data by the Memory Trace To Subtract the Memory Trace from the Measurement Data Trace
‘IbRatioMeasurementsinChannel1and2 To Title
the Active Channel Display
Using the Four-Parameter Display
Four-Parameter Display and Calibration
‘lb
View AII Four S-Parameters of a Two-Port Device
TbActivateandConfiguretheAuxiIiaryChannels
Quick Four-Parameter Display
Characterizing a Duplexer
Description and Options
.............................
.............................
..............................
..........................
High Stability Frequency Reference
Test
.........................
Rack Mount Flange Kit Without Handles
.........................
Power.
.........................
..........................
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...................
.......................
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Set
.....................
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..
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........................
l-l
l-2 l-4
l-6 l-10
1-12 1-12 1-12 1-12 1-12 1-12 1-12 1-13 1-13 1-13 1-13
2-l
2-2 2-3 2-3 2-3 2-3 2-3 2-3 2-4 2-4
2-4
2-4 2-4 2-5
2-5
2-6
2-6
2-7 2-7 2-7 2-8
2-9 2-9 2-9
2-11
2-12 2-12
Contents-l
Required Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Procedure for Characterizing a Duplexer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using Analyzer Display Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
lb
Use Continuous and Discrete Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
To
Activate Display Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
‘lb
Move Marker Information off of the Grids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
lb
Use Delta (A) Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
To Activate a Fixed Marker ,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using
the
.:~~~~~~~~~~.~.. Key to Acmte
‘I’
:,
Using the
lb
Couple and Uncouple Display Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
lb
Use Polar Format Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
To Use Smith Chart Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
‘Ib
Set Measurement Parameters Using Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Setting the Start Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Setting the Stop Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Setting the Center Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Setting the Frequency Span . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Setting the Display Reference
Setting the Electrical Delay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Setting the CW Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
To Search for a Specific Amplitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Searching for the Maximum Amplitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Searching for the Minimum Amplitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Searching for a
Searching for a Bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tracking the Amplitude that You Are Searching . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
‘lb
Calculate the Statistics of the Measurement Data . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Measuring Magnitude and Insertion Phase Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Measuring the Magnitude Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Measuring Insertion Phase Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Measuring Electrical Length and Phase Distortion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Measuring Electrical Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Measuring Phase Distortion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deviation From Linear Phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Group Delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TestingaDevicewithLimitLines..
Setting Up the Measurement Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Creating Flat Limit Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Creating a Sloping Limit Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Creating Single Point Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Editing Limit Segments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deleting Limit Segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
RunningaLimitTest
Reviewing the Limit Line Segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ActivatingtheLimitTbt
Offsetting Limit Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Measuring Gain Compression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Measuring Gain and Reverse Isolation Simultaneously . . . . . . . . . . . . .
High Power Measurements (Option 085 Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Initial Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Determining Power Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Additional Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Selecting Power Ranges and Attenuator Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
:~$Il@J ,:,,,
XJXJ Key to Activate a Fixed Reference Marker
Value
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
‘Ihrget
Amplitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
a
fied Reference M=ker
. . . . . .
. .
:
2-13 2-13 2-16 2-16
2-17 2-18 2-20 2-20
2-21
2-22 2-23 2-23
2-24 2-25
2-25 2-26 2-26 2-27 2-28 2-29 2-29 2-30 2-30 2-30 2-30 2-31 2-32
2-33
2-34 2-34 2-35
2-37 2-37 2-39 2-40
2-40
2-43 2-43 2-44 2-46 2-48 2-49 2-49 2-50 2-50 2-50 2-51 2-52
2-56
2-58 2-58 2-59 2-60 2-61
FinalSetup
Measurements Using the Tuned Receiver Mode
Typical test setup Tuned receiver mode in-depth description
Frequency Range
Compatible Sweep Types
External Source Requirements Test Sequencing Creating a Sequence
Running a Sequence
Stopping a Sequence Editing a Sequence
Deleting Commands
Inserting a Command
Modifying a Command Clearing a Sequence from Memory Changing the Sequence Title
Naming Files Generated by a Sequence
Storing a Sequence on a Disk Loading a Sequence from Disk Purging a Sequence from Disk
Printing a Sequence Cascading Multiple Example Sequences
Loop Counter Example Sequence
Generating Files in a Loop Counter Example Sequence
Limit Test Example Sequence
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Measuring a Device in the Time Domain (Option 010 Only)
Transmission Response in Time Domain Reflection Response in Time Domain
Non-coaxial Measurements
..........................
...................
....................
...........
2-62
2-64 2-64 2-64 2-64 2-64
2-65
2-65 2-66 2-67 2-67
2-68
2-68 2-68
2-69 2-69 2-70 2-70
2-71
2-72
2-72
2-72
2-73
2-74 2-75 2-77
2-79
2-79 2-83
2-86
3. Making Mixer Measurements (Option 089 Only)
Where to Look for More Information Measurement Considerations
....
Mmumzmg
Source and Load Mismatches
.........................
Reducing the Effect of Spurious Responses Eliminating Unwanted Mixing and Leakage
HowRFandIFAreDeflned
Frequency Offset Mode Operation
.....................
..................
.................
Signals.
........................
......................
Differences Between Internal and External R-Channel Inputs Power Meter Calibration
Conversion Loss Using the Frequency Offset Mode High Dynamic Range Swept RF/IF Conversion Loss Fixed IF Mixer Measurements
Tuned Receiver Mode Sequence 1 Setup
Sequence 2 Setup Phase or Group Delay Measurements Amplitude and Phase Tracking
..........................
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Conversion Compression Using the Frequency Offset Mode Isolation Example Measurements
LO to RF Isolation RF Feedthrough
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3-1
3-2 3-2
3-2
3-2
3-2 3-4
3-4
3-6 3-7
3-12 3-17 3-17 3-17 3-21 3-24
3-27
3-28 3-33
3-33
3-35
Contents-3
4.
Printing, Plotting, and Saving Measurement Results
Where to Look for More Information Printing or Plotting Your Measurement Results Configuring a Print Function
DellningaPrintFunction
.........................
..........................
If You Are Using a Color Printer
To Reset the Printing Parameters to Default Values Printing One Measurement Per Page Printing Multiple Measurements Per Page
Configuring
If You Are Plotting to an
a Plot Function
.........................
HPGL/2
If You Are Plotting to a Pen Plotter
IfYouArePlottingtoaDiskDrive
Detlning
a Plot Function
...........................
To Reset the Plotting Parameters to Default Values Plotting One Measurement Per Page Using a Pen Plotter Plotting Multiple Measurements Per Page Using a Pen Plotter
If You Are Plotting to an HPGL Compatible Printer Plotting a Measurement to Disk
‘IbOutputthePlotFiles
TlbViewPlotFilesonaPC
usingAmiPro
Using Freelance
...............................
..............................
........................
..........................
..........................
Outputting Plot Files from a PC to a Plotter
.....................
.................
............
:.:
...
.....................
...................
Compatible Printer
.............
.....................
.....................
..............
............
..........
.............
..................
Outputting Plot Files from a PC to an HPGL Compatible Printer
Step 1. Store the HPGL initialization sequence.
...............
Step 2. Store the exit HPGL mode and form feed sequence. Step 3. Send the HPGL initialization sequence to the printer. Step 4. Send the plot
6Ie
to the printer.
...................
Step 5. Send the exit HPGL mode and form feed sequence to the printer.
OutputtingSiiePagePlotsUsingaPrinter.
Outputting Multiple Plots to a Siie Page Using a Printer
Plotting Multiple Measurements Per Page from Disk
lbPlotMultipleMeasurementsonaFuIIPage
lb
Plot Measurements in Page Quadrants
Titling the Displayed Measurement
......................
Con6guringtheAnalyzertoProduceaThneStamp AbortingaPrintorPlotProcess
.......................
Printing or Plotting the List Values or Operating Parameters
IfYouWantaSiiePageofValues
IfYouWanttheEntireListofValues
.....................
....................
Solving Problems with Printing or Plotting Saving and Recalling Instrument States
Places Where You Can Save
........................
....................
What You Can Save to the Analyzer’s Internal Memory
WhatYouCanSavetoaFloppyDisk
What You Can
Saving an Instrument State
Save
to a Computer
..........................
Saving Measurement Results
ASCII Data Formats
CITIfile S2P
.................................
Data Format.
............................
............................
Re-Saving an Instrument State Deleting a File
‘Ib
Delete an Instrument State
................................
.........................
........................
File
....................
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....:..:....
:
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...
:
4-2 4-3 4-3 4-5 4-5
4-6 4-6 4-6 4-8
4-8 4-10 4-11 4-12
4-16
4-16
4-17
4-18 4-19
4-19 4-20
4-21 4-22
4-22 4-23 4-23 4-24
4-24
4-24 4-24 4-24
4-25
4-26 4-26 4-28 4-29 4-30
4-30 4-30 4-30 4-31 4-32 4-33 4-33 4-33 4-33
4-34 4-35 4-36
4-39 4-39 4-39 4-41 4-41 4-41
Contents4
‘IbDeleteallFiles RenamingaFile RecaIlingaFile
Formatting a Disk Solving Problems with Saving or Recalling Files
IfYouAreUsinganExtemalDiskDrive.
.............................
...............................
...............................
..............................
................
..................
5. Optimizing Measurement Results
Where to Look for More Information Increasing Measurement Accuracy
Connector Repeatability Interconnecting Cables Temperature Drift Frequency Drift
.............................
..............................
Performance Verification
..........................
...........................
..........................
Reference Plane and Port Extensions
Measurement Error-Correction
Conditions Where Error-Correction Is Suggested Types of Error-Correction
.........................
Error-Correction Stimulus State Calibration Standards
...........................
Choosing Calibration Load Standards
.....................
......................
....................
........................
...............
.......................
...................
Compensating for the Electrical Delay of Calibration Standards
Chi.rifying Type-N
Connector Sex
When to Use Interpolated Error-Correction Procedures for Error-Correcting Your Measurements Frequency Response Error-Corrections
Response Error-Correction for Reflection Measurements
Response Error-Correction for Transmission Measurements
Receiver Calibration
............................
Frequency Response and Isolation Error-Corrections
.....................
.................
..............
....................
...........
..........
..............
Response and Isolation Error-Correction for Reflection Measurements
Response and Isolation Error-Correction for Transmission Measurements One-Port Reflection Error-Correction Full Two-Port Error-Correction TRL and TRM Error-Correction
TRL Error-Correction TRM Error-Correction
...........................
...........................
Modifying Calibration Kit Standards.
Definitions
................................
Outline of Standard Modification Modifying Standards Modifying TRL Standards. Modifying TRM Standards
............................
.........................
.........................
Power Meter Measurement Calibration
Entering the Power Sensor Calibration Data
Editing Frequency Segments
Deleting Frequency Segments Compensating for Directional Coupler Response Using Sample-and-Sweep Correction Mode Using Continuous Correction Mode
‘RI
Calibrate the Analyzer Receiver to Measure Absolute Power
Calibrating for Noninsertable Devices
Adapter Removal
Perform the
.............................
2-port
Error Corrections
.....................
........................
........................
.....................
......................
....................
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.....
...
.......
4-41
4-42
4-42
4-43
4-43
4-43
5-2 5-2 5-2 5-2 5-2
5-3 5-3 5-3
5-4
5-4
5-4 5-5
5-6
5-6 5-6
5-7
5-7
5-8
5-9
5-9
5-11 5-12 5-14 5-14 5-16 5-18 5-21
5-24 5-24
5-26 5-28 5-28 5-28
5-29
5-30
5-32 5-35 5-36
5-36 5-37
5-37
5-38
5-39 5-40
5-41
5-42
5-43
Contents-5
The Electrical Delay Block Conversion
...............................
Transform (Option 010 Only) Format Smoothing Format Arrays Offset & Scale Display Memory
Active Channel Keys
.................................
................................
..............................
..............................
.............................
.............................
........................
.......................
Auxiliary Channels and Two-Port Calibration
Enabling Auxiliary Channels
Multiple Channel Displays
........................
.........................
Uncoupling Stimulus Values Between Channels
Coupled Markers
Entry Block Keys
Units Terminator
Knob
Steo Kevs
CL-j
p-J
..............
............
. . . . . . . . . . . .
...............
.........
.........
.........
Modifying or Deleting Entries . . Turning off the
................
0
...............
I-]
Stimulus Functions
Softkey
Menu
........
Defining Ranges with Stimulus Keys Stimulus Menu The Power Menu
..........
.........
Understanding the Power Ranges .
Automatic mode Manual mode
Power Coupling Options
Channel coupling
Test
port coupling
Sweep Time
...........
Manual Sweep Time Mode Auto Sweep Time Mode Minimum Sweep Time Trigger Menu
........
.........
.....
.......
.......
....
.....
......
..........
Source Attenuator Switch Protection
.....................
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Allowing Repetitive Switching of the Attenuator Channel Stimulus Coupling Sweep Type Menu
..............................
Linear Frequency Sweep (Hz) Logarithmic Frequency Sweep (Hz)
List Frequency Sweep (Hz)
Segment Menu.
Power Sweep
(dBm)
CW Time Sweep (Seconds) Selecting Sweep Modes Swept or Stepped Frequency Modifying List Frequencies
Edit list menu Edit
subsweep
..............................
menu
Response Functions
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6-6
6-6 6-7 6-7
6-7
6-7 6-7 6-7
6-8
6-8
6-9 6-9
6-9
6-9
6-10 6-10 6-11 6-11 6-11 6-11 6-11
6-11
6-11 6-11
6-12
6-12 6-13 6-14
6-14
6-14
6-14
6-17
6-17
6-17
6-18 6-18
6-18
6-18
6-20
6-21 6-21
6-22
6-23
6-23 6-24 6-24 6-24 6-25 6-25 6-25 6-25 6-26 6-26 6-26 6-27
contents-7
S-Parameters ................................
Understanding S-Parameters
The S-Parameter Menu
Analog In Menu Conversion Menu Input Ports Menu
...........................
.............................
............................
............................
The Display Format Menu
Log Magnitude Format
PhaseFormat
...............................
Group Delay Format Smith Chart Format Polar Format
...............................
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Linear Magnitude Format.
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SWRFormat................................
RealFormat
................................
ImaginaryFormat .............................
Group Delay Principles
Scale Reference Menu
Electrical Delay
Display Menu
..............................
................................
Dual Channel Mode
Dual
Channel Mode with Decoupled Channel Power
Four-Parameter Display Functions
Customizing the Display Channel Position
4 Param Displays Softkey Memory Math Functions Adjusting the Colors of the Display
Setting Display Intensity
Setting Default Colors
Blanking the Display
Saving Modified Colors
Recalling Modified Colors
The Modify Colors Menu
Averaging Menu
Averaging Smoothing
...............................
.................................
.................................
IF Bandwidth Reduction
Markers
Marker Menu
...................................
...............................
Delta Mode Menu
Fixed Marker Menu
Marker Function Menu
Marker Search Menu
‘IhrgetMenu
Marker Mode Menu
Polar Marker Menu Smith Marker Menu
Measurement Calibration
What Is Accuracy Enhancement? What Causes Measurement Errors?
Directivity
...............................
Source Match
Load Match
...............................
Isolation (Crosstalk)
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Softkey
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6-28 6-28 6-29
6-29
6-29 6-30 6-31 6-31 6-32 6-32 6-33 6-34 6-35 6-35 6-36 6-36 6-37 6-40 6-40 6-41 6-42
6-43
6-44 6-44 6-44 6-45 6-47 6-47 6-47 6-48 6-48 6-48 6-48 6-48 6-50
6-50 6-51 6-51
6-53 6-54 6-54
6-54 6-55
6-55
6-55
6-55
6-55
6-55 6-56
6-56
6-57
6-57
6-58
6-58
6-59
Contents-6
Frequency Response (Tracking)
Characterizing Microwave Systematic Errors
One-Port Error Model
Device Measurement
Two-Port Error Model
Calibration Considerations
Measurement Parameters Device Measurements
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Omitting Isolation Calibration Saving Calibration Data
..........................
The Calibration Standards
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.................
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.........................
Frequency Response of Calibration Standards
Electrical Offset
Fringe Capacitance How Effective Is Accuracy Enhancement? Correcting for Measurement Errors
Ensuring a Valid Calibration
Interpolated Error-correction
The Calibrate Menu
Response Calibration
Response and Isolation
S11
and $2 One-Port Calibration
FuII Two-Port TRL/LRM
Two-Port Calibration Restarting a Calibration
CaIKitMenu
................................
TheSelectCaIKitMenu
Modifying Calibration Kits
DeBnitions
Procedure
.................................
Modify Calibration Kit Menu
Define
Standard Menus. Specify offset menu Label standard menu Specify Class Menu Label Class Menu Label Kit Menu
Verify performance
TRL/LRM
Calibration Why Use TRL Calibration? TRL
%lTlinology
How
TRL*/LRM*
TRL Error Model.
Isolation Source match and load match
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Caiibration
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Calibration.
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Calibration Works
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HowTrueTRL/LRMWorks(Option4OOOniy)
Improving Raw Source Match and Load Match For The TRL Calibration Procedure
Requirements for TRL Standards Fabricating and TRL Options
Power Meter Calibration
Primary Applications
dehning cahbration
...............................
...........................
............................
Calibrated Power Level
Compatible Sweep Types
.......................
.....................
standards for
..........................
..........................
................
................
TRL*/LRM*
TRL/LRM
Calibration
........
. .
6-59 6-59 6-59 6-65 6-65 6-71 6-71 6-71 6-71 6-71 6-72 6-72 6-73 6-73 6-75
6-77
6-77
6-78
6-79
6-79
6-79
6-79 6-79 6-80 6-81 6-81 6-81
6-82 6-82 6-82
6-83
6-84 6-86 6-87 6-87 6-89 6-89 6-90 6-91 6-91 6-92
6-92 6-92 6-93 6-94 6-94 6-95 6-96 6-96 6-97
6-99 6-101 6-101 6-101 6-101
Loss of Power Meter Calibration Data
....................
Interpolation in Power Meter Calibration
Power Meter Calibration Modes of Operation
Continuous Sample Mode (Each Sweep) Sample-and-Sweep Mode (One Sweep)
Power Loss Correction List Power Sensor Calibration Factor List Speed and Accuracy
............................
Test Equipment Used
Stimulus Parameters
Notes on Accuracy
...........................
............................
Alternate and Chop Sweep Modes
Alternate Chop
.................................
...................................
Calibrating for Non-Insertable Devices
Adapter Removal Matched Adapters Modify the
Cal
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Kit Thru Definition
Using the Instrument State Functions
HP-IB Menu
HBK&uS
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I..catb;s
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
System Controller Mode
Talker/Listener Mode
Pass Control Mode
Address Menu
Using the
Parallel
The Copy Mode The GPIO Mode
The System Menu
TheLimitsMenu.
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Port
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Edit Limits Menu Edit Segment Menu Offset Limits Menu.
Knowing the Instrument Modes Network Analyzer Mode Tuned Receiver Mode Frequency Offset Menu (Option 089)
Primary Applications.
Typical
Test Setup
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Frequency Offset In-Depth Description
The Receiver Frequency The Offset Frequency (LO)
Frequency
Frequency Ranges
Hierarchy
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Compatible Instrument Modes and Sweep Types Receiver and Source Requirements Display Annotations Error Message
.............................
Spurious Signal
Time Domain Operation (Option 010)
The Transform Menu. General Theory
..............................
Time Domain Bandpass
Adjusting
the Relative Velocity
..........................
Passband
kequencies
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Factor
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6-102 6-102 6-102 6-102 6-103 6-104 6-104
6-104 6-104 6-104 6-105 6-106 6-106 6-106 6-107
6-107 6-107 6-107 6-108
6-109 6-109
6-110 6-110 6-110
6-110
6-110 6-111 6-111
6-111 6-112 6-112 6-113 6-113 6-114
6-115
6-115
6-115
6-116
6-116
6-116
6-117
6-117
6-117
6-117
6-117
6-118
6-118
6-118
6-118 6-118 6-119 6-119
6-120
6-121
6-121
Contents-10
Reflection Measurements Using Bandpass Mode
..............
Interpreting the bandpass reflection response horizontal axis .......
Interpreting the bandpass reflection response vertical axis
Transmission Measurements Using Bandpass Mode
.............
Interpreting the bandpass transmission response horizontal axis
........
.....
Interpreting the bandpass transmission response vertical axis .......
TimeDomainLowPass.
Setting Frequency Range for Time Domain Low Pass
Minimum Allowable Stop Frequencies
Reflection Measurements In Time Domain Low Pass
Interpreting the low pass response horizontal axis
Interpreting the low pass response vertical axis
Fault Location Measurements Using Low Pass
Transmission Measurements In Time Domain Low Pass
Measuring
small
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signal transient response using low pass step
......
Interpreting the low pass step transmission response horizontal axis Interpreting the low pass step transmission response vertical axis
.....
Measuring separate transmission paths through the test device using low
pass impulse mode
Time Domain Concepts
Masking
Windowing Range Resolution
.................................
...............................
..................................
................................
Response resolution Range resolution
Gating
.................................
Setting the gate
............................
............................
Selecting gate shape
Transforming CW Time Measurements into the Frequency Domain
Forward Transform Measurements
Interpreting the forward transform vertical axis Interpreting the forward transform horizontal axis Demodulating the results of the forward transform
Forward transform range
Test
Sequencing
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In-Depth Sequencing Information
Features That Operate Differently When Executed In a Sequence
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Commands That Sequencing Completes Before the Next Sequence Command
Begins Commands That Require a Clean Sweep Forward Stepping In Edit Mode Titles.. Sequence Size Embedding the Value of the Loop Counter In a Title Autostarting Sequences The GPIO Mode
The Sequencing Menu
Gosub
Sequence Command
lTLI/OMenu
TI’L
Output for Controlling Peripherals
‘ITL
Input Decision Making
‘ITLOutMenu
Sequencing Special Functions Menu Sequence Decision Making Menu
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6-121 6-122 6-122 6-123 6-123 6-123 6-124
6-124 6-124 6-125 6-125
6-125 6-125 6-127 6-127 6-128 6-128
6-128 6-129 6-129 6-130 6-132 6-133 6-133 6-134 6-135 6-135 6-136
6-136
6-137 6-137
6-137 6-137
6-138 6-140
6-140 6-140
6-140
6-141
6-141 6-141
6-141 6-141 6-141
6-141
6-142
6-142 6-142
6-142
6-142
6-144 6-144 6-144
Contents-11
--..
Decision Making Functions
.........................
Decision makmg functions jump to a softkey location, not to a specific
sequence title Having a sequence jump to itself
‘ITL
input decision making Limit test decision making Loop counter/Ioop counter decision making
Naming Files Generated by a Sequence
HP-GL Considerations
Entering HP-GL Commands Special Commands Entering Sequences Using HP-IB
Reading Sequences Using HP-IB
Amplifier Testing
Amplifier Parameters. Gain Compression Metering the Power Level High Power Amplifier Testing (Option 085 only)
MixerTesting..
Frequency Offset (Option 089 Tuned Receiver
Mixer
Parameters That You Can Measure
Accuracy Considerations
Attenuation at Mixer Ports
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only)
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Filtering .................................
Frequency Selection LO Frequency Accuracy and Stability
Up-Conversion and Down-Conversion Definition Conversion Loss Isolation
.................................
LOFeedthru/LOtoRFLeakage
RF
Feedthru
SWRlRetumLoss
...............................
Conversion Compression Phase Measurements Amplitude and Phase Tracking Phase Linearity and Group Delay
Connection Considerations
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Adapters .................................
Fixtures
IfYouWanttoDesignYourOwnFixture.
Reference Documents
General Measurement and Calibration Techniques Fixtures and Non-Coaxial Measurements On-Wafer Measurements
..................................
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..................
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6-144 6-144
6-144 6-144 6-144 6-145 6-145 6-145 6-145 6-146 6-146 6-146 6-147 6-147 6-147 6-148
6-149
6-150 6-150 6-150
6-151
6-151
6-152
6-153 6-154 6-154 6-154 6-157 6-157 6-157 6-158
6-158
6-159 6-159 6-160 6-160 6-162
6-162
6-163 6-163
6-164 6-164
6-164 6-165
ConteRttbl2
Specifications and Measurement Uncertainties
System Specifications
Specifications for Instruments with Multiple Options
Uncorrected Performance
HP
8719D
and HP
HP
8719D/8720D
HP
8719D/8720D
HP
8719D/8720D
HP
8719D/8720D
HP
87191)/872OD
HP
8719D/8720D
HP
8719D/8720D
HP
8722D
HP
Measurement Port Specifications
8722D
with 2.4 mm Connectors
HP8722Dwith2.4mmConnectors
HP
8722D
with 3.5 mm Connectors
HP
87221)
with 3.5 mm Connectors
HP8722Dwith3.5mmConnectors
HP HP
8722D 8722D
with Type-N Connectors with Type-N Connectors
General Characteristics
Remote Programming
............................
............. 7-l
..........................
8720D
Measurement Port Specifications
with 3.5 mm Connectors
with 3.5 mm Connectors with 3.5 mm Connectors
with 7 mm Connectors
with 7 mm Connectors
with Type-N Connectors
with Type-N Connectors
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Interface ................................
Transfer Formats Interface Function Codes
Front Panel Connectors Rear Panel Connectors
External Reference Frequency Input (EXT REF INPUT)
High-Stability Frequency Reference Output (10 MHz)--Option lD5
External AuxiIiary Input (AUX INPUT)
ExtemalAMInput(EXTAM).
External Trigger (EXT TRIGGER)
Test
Sequence Output (TEST SEQ)
LimitlkstOutput(LIMITTEST). Test
Port Bias Input (BIAS CONNECT)
DIN Keyboard
LinePower
................................
Environmental Characteristics
General Conditions Operating Conditions Non-Operating Storage Conditions
Weight
..................................
Cabinet Dimensions Internal Memory
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only
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...
7-l
7-3 7-9
7-9 7-10 7-11 7-12 7-13 7-14 7-15
7-16 7-16 7-17 7-18 7-19 7-20
7-21
7-22 7-23 7-23
7-23 7-23
7-23 7-23 7-24
7-24
7-24
7-24
7-24
7-24
7-24 7-25
7-25
7-25
7-25
7-26 7-26
7-26 7-26 7-26 7-27 7-27
8. Menu Maps
Contents-13
Controller
HP-IB Bus Structure
Data Bus Handshake Lines Control Lines
HP-IB Requirements
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HP-IB Operational Capabilities
HP-IB Status Indicators
Bus Device Modes
.............................
System-Controller Mode
‘IhIkerListener Mode
Pass-Control Mode
Setting HP-IB Addresses
Analyzer Command Syntax
...........................
............................
..........................
..........................
Code Naming Convention
Valid
Characters
units
...................................
HP-IB Debug Mode
12.
Preset State and Memory Allocation
..............................
..............................
Where to Look for More Information
Types of Memory and Data Storage
Volatile Memory Non-Volatile Memory Storing Data to Disk
Conserving Memory
..............................
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Using Saved Calibration Sets Preset State
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11-17 11-18 11-18 11-18 11-18 11-19
1
l-20
11-21 11-21
1
l-22
11-22
11-22 11-22
11-23 11-23
11-24 11-25 1
l-25
12-1
12-1
12-1
12-2
12-4
12-6
12-6
12-7
A. The
CITIiUe
Data Format and Keyword Reference
The CITIfiIe Data Format
Description and Overview
Data Formats
File
and
Cperating
..................
System Formats
Definition of CITIfiIe Terms
A CITIfiIe Package The
CITIiiIe
Header
AnArrayofData CITI6Ie
CITIfiIe Examples
Keyword
.................
Example 2, An 8510 Display Memory
Example3,8510DatafiIe
Example 4, 8510
Conclusion
....................
3-T&n
The CITIfiIe Keyword Reference
Index
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................
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................
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.....
File
............
Frequency List
Cal
Set
File
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A-l A-l A-l A-l
A-2
A-2 A-2
A-2
A-3
A-4 A-4 A-4 A-5
A-6
A-7
Contents-l 6
Figures
l-l. HP
1-2. Analyzer Display (Single Channel, Cartesian Format)
l-3. HP 2-l. Basic Measurement Setup
2-2. Example of Viewing Both Primary Channels with a Split Display .......
2-3. Example of Viewing Both Primary Channels on a Single Graticule 2-4. Example of a Display Title 2-5. 2-6. 2-7. Duplexer Measurement
2-8. Active Marker Control
2-9. Active and Inactive Markers 2-10. Marker Information Moved into the 2-11. Marker Information on the Graticules 2-12. Marker 1 as the Reference Marker 2-13. Example of a Fixed Reference Marker Using
2-14. Example of a Fixed Reference Marker Using m 2-15. Example of Coupled and Uncoupled Markers 2-16. Example of a Log Marker in Polar Format 2-17. Example of Impedance Smith Chart Markers
2-18. Example of Setting the Start Frequency Using a Marker ...........
2-19. Example of Setting the Stop Frequency Using a Marker ...........
2-20. Example of Setting the Center Frequency Using a Marker ..........
2-21. Example of Setting the Frequency Span Using Markers ............
2-22. Example of Setting the Reference
2-23. Example of Setting the Electrical Delay Using a Marker ...........
2-24. Example of Searching for the Maximum Amplitude Using a Marker ......
2-25. Example of Searching for the Minimum Amplitude Using a Marker 2-26. Example of Searching for a
2-27. Example of Searching for a Bandwidth Using Markers ............
2-28. Example Statistics of Measurement Data 2-29. Device Connections for Measuring a Magnitude Response 2-30. Example Magnitude Response Measurement Results 2-31. Example Insertion Phase Response Measurement 2-32. Phase Samples 2-33. Device Connections for Measuring Electrical Length 2-34. Linearly Changing Phase
2-35. Example Best Flat Line with Added Electrical Delay
2-36. Deviation from Linear Phase Example Measurement .............
2-37. Group Delay Example Measurement
2-38. Group Delay Example Measurement with Smoothing 2-39. Group Delay Example Measurement with Smoothing Aperture Increased 2-40. Connections for SAW Filter Example Measurement 2-41. Example Flat Limit Line 2-42. Example Flat Limit Lines
8719D/20D/22D
8719D/20D/22D
3-Channel 4-Channel
Display Display
Front Panel Rear Panel
.............................
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...............................
..........................
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.......................
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......
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Softkey
.....................
Value
‘Ihrget
Amplitude Using a Marker .........
Menu Area
....................
AKEF=AFIm l%KI%
ZERO
................
..................
................
Using a Marker ...........
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.......
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......
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...
l-4
l-6
l-10
2-3 2-5
2-6
2-8
2-10 2-11 2-15 2-17 2-17 2-18 2-19 2-20 2-21
2-22 2-23 2-24 2-25 2-26 2-26 2-27 2-28
2-28
2-29 2-30 2-30 2-31 2-32
2-33 2-34 2-35
2-35 2-36
2-37 2-38 2-39 2-40
2-41
2-41 2-42 2-43 2-45 2-46
Contents-16
4-2. Printing Two Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . .
4-3. Peripheral Connections to the Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-4. Plot Components Available through Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-5.
Line Types Available . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , .
4-6. Locations of Pl and P2 in
4-7. Plot Quadrants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-8. Automatic
4-9. Plot Filename Convention . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-10. Plotting Two
4-11. Plot Quadrants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4-12. Data Processing
5-l. Standard Connections for a Response Error-Correction for Reflection
Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-2. Standard Connections for Response Error-Correction for Transmission
Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-3. Standard Connections for Receiver Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-4. Standard Connections for a Response and Isolation Error-Correction for
Reflection Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-5. Standard Connections for a Response and Isolation Error-Correction for
Transmission Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-6. Standard Connections for a One Port Reflection Error-Correction . . . . . . .
5-7. Standard Connections for
5-8. Sample-and-Sweep Mode for Power Meter Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-9. Continuous Correction Mode for Power Meter Calibration
5-10. Noninsertable Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-11. Adapters Needed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-12. Two-Port
5-13. Two-Port
5-14. Calibrated Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-15. Calibrating for Noninsertable Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-l. Simplified Block Diagram of the Network Analyzer System . . . . . . . . . .
6-2. Data Processing
6-3. Active Channel Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-4. Entry Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-5.
StimuIus
6-6. Power Range Transitions in the Automatic Mode (HP 6-7. Power Range Transitions in the Automatic Mode (HP
6-8. Response Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-9. S-Parameters of a Two-Port Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-10. Reflection Impedance and Admittance Conversions . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-11. Transmission Impedance and Admittance Conversions . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-12. Log Magnitude Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-13. Phase Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-14. Group Delay Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-15. Standard and Inverse Smith Chart Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-16. Polar Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-17. Linear Magnitude Format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-18. Typical SWR Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-19.
6-20. Constant Group Delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-21. Higher Order Phase Shift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-22. Rate of Phase Change Versus Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-23. Variations in Frequency Aperture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6-24.
6-25. 4 Param Displays Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real
Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Dual
Channel Displays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
File
Naming Convention for
Files
on the Same Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flow
Cal
Set 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cal
Set 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flow
Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SCALE ‘FLUT. IEI;RA’$J
LIF
Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FuII
Two port Error-Correction
Mode . . . . . . . . . . , .
Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . .
8719D/20D,
8722D,
Standard) . .
Standard)
. . . .
4-7
4-8 4-12 4-14
4-15 4-17 4-19 4-26 4-27 4-28 4-37
5-10 5-11
5-12 5-15 5-17
5-19 5-21 5-38 5-39 5-41 5-42 5-43 5-44 5-45 5-48
6-2 6-4 6-8
6-10
6-12
6-15
6-16
6-27 6-28 6-30 6-30 6-32 6-32 6-33 6-34 6-34 6-35 6-35 6-36 6-37 6-37 6-38 6-38 6-42 6-46
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