GT 9000
GT 9000S
MICROWAVE
SYNTHESIZER
& SWEEPER
Page 1 of 6
Now you can get the performance you need and the
capability you want, at a
price you can afford.
Both the Giga-tronics
GT9000 Microwave Synthesizer and the GT 9000S
Synthesized Microwave
Sweeper give you better
performance from 10 MHz
to 20 GHz than competitive
instruments costing thousands of dollars more.
This unequalled combination of high performance
and low price is the result of
an innovative single RF module and unique new filtering
techniques.Together, these
engineering breakthroughs
yield higher performance,
greater reliability and better
serviceability. And the single
module is less expensive to
manufacture and test, resulting in a lower price.
So now you can get a
microwave synthesizer or
sweeper with outstanding
performance, capability and
reliability at an incredibly
low price.
Consider the characteristics of the GT 900
Synthesizer and GT 9000s
Synthesized sweeper.
PERFORMANCE
The GT 9000 and GT 9000S
give you a choice of
frequency ranges. For most
general purpose microwave
applications, our 2 to 20
GHz models are ideal.
Because more and more
test applications require signals below 1 GHz, you may
prefer the models with
coverage from 500 MHz to
20 GHz. And if you need
even lower frequencies,
choose our 10 MHz to
20 GHz models.
Measuring critical narrow-
band characteristics such
The GT 9000 and GT 9000S give you outstanding performance and proven reliability at an incredibly low price.
Giga-tronics GT 9000 & 9000S Microwave Synthesizer & Sweeper Page 2 of 6
mance characteristics of the
synthesizer.
If you need speed, the
GT 9000S gives you analog
sweep speeds up to
600 MHz and 1 dB per ms.
If you need precision, you
select digital sweep for precise 1 Hz and 0.01 dB steps
from 1 ms to 200 s. And
you can use frequency and
power sweep individually,
alternately or simultaneously.
Select from 5 sweep
modes with up to eight
markers. And be assured of
compatible operation with
analyzers from all major
manufacturers, including
the Giga-tronics 8003 Scalar
Analyzer.
RELIABILITY
Giga-tronics has an 18 year
history of building test and
measurement gear for the
most demanding requirements.We’ve shipped thousands of microwave test
instruments to commercial
and military customers
for use in radar testing,
electronic warfare, satellite
and telecommunications
systems.
So you’re assured of reliable operation, even under
less than ideal situations.
as adjacent channel sensitivity
requires low phase noise. So
phase noise at 2 GHz
is -125 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz
offset. And it’s equally
impressive across the full
range of the instrument.
Output power is +13 dBm
or greater from 10 MHz to
20 GHz. That’s enough to
overcome most system losses without adding the signal
degradation and extra cost of
external power amplifiers.
And with harmonics less
than -65 dBc at +6 dBm, you
can accurately test over a
wide bandwidth with complete confidence that the
measurements you make are
a result of the system under
test, and not your synthesizer.
CAPABILITY
The GT 9000 and GT 9000S
both come with standard
internal pulse modulation.
You can add internally generated AM and FM, eliminating
the need for costly external
generators. And for really
complex patterns, both offer
fast scan modulation with
60 dB depth.
The GT 9000S Sweeper
adds digital and analog sweep
of both frequency and power,
yet maintains all the perfor-
Frequency Post-detection Bandwidth
Range (GHz) 0.3 to 3 kHz 0.05 to 15 kHz
0.01 to <0.5 10 75
0.5 to 2.0 5 25
>2.0 to <8.0
1
20 100
8.0 to 20.0 30 300
Frequency Offset from Carrier
(GHz) 100 Hz 1 kHz 10 kHz 100 kHz 1 MHz
00.5 -97 -95 -95 -127 -135
02.0
2
-90 (-83) -91 (-85) -90 (-84) -125 (-118) -130 (-130)
06.0 -80 -83 -81 -115 -130
10.0 -75 -80 -80 -105 -128
20.0 -72 -75 -75 -105 -120
RF OUTPUT POWER
Maximum Leveled Output:
Incremental Level Range: -20 to +20 dBm
Resolution: 0.01 dB, entry and display to -99.99 dBm (display is 0.1 dB
at ≤-100.0 dBm)
Minimum Output Level: -10 dBm (-20 dBm typical); -120 dBm with
Option 26
RF Off:Typically attenuates a 0 dBm signal to <-140 dBm at the
output connector
Output Accuracy (Internally leveled, CW or frequency sweep mode,
SCAN/Linear AM off):
±2 dB (-10 to maximum specified power output), add ±0.1 dB/10 dB
of attenuation with attenuator (Option 26)
Output Flatness: ±2 dB
Output Switching Time:Typically <1 ms (20 ms with attenuator
change—Option 26 only)
Output Impedance: 50 Ω, nominal
Output SWR: <2:1
External Leveling: Output power may be externally leveled by positive
or negative ZBS detectors or power meters
SPECTRAL PURITY
Harmonics measured at +6 dBm:
<-65 dBc, 2 to 20 GHz; <-50 dBc, 0.1 to 2 GHz;
<-40 dBc, 0.01 to 0.1 GHz
Subharmonics: None
Nonharmonics: <-55 dBc
SSB Phase Noise (dBc/Hz, CW Mode,All Power Levels):
Standard Optional (option 26)
Frequency Without Attenuator With Attenuator
(GHz) (dBm) (dBm)
0.1 to 2.0 +13 +13
2.0 to 8.0
1
+15 +15
8.0 to 15.0 +14 +13
15.0 to 20.0 +13 +11
Giga-tronics GT 9000 & 9000S Microwave Synthesizer & Sweeper Specifications Page 3 of 6
All specifications apply to the GT 9000 and GT 9000S,
unless indicated otherwise.
ORDERING INFORMATION
MODEL NUMBERS AND FREQUENCY RANGES:
Model Number Frequency Range Product Type
GT 9000/.01 – 20 10 MHz to 20 GHz Synthesizer
GT 9000/.5 – 20 500 MHz to 20 GHz Synthesizer
GT 9000/2 – 20 2 GHz to 20 GHz Synthesizer
GT 9000S/.01 – 20 10 MHz to 20 GHz Synthesized Sweeper
GT 9000S/.5 – 20 500 MHz to 20 GHz Synthesized Sweeper
GT 9000S/2 – 20 2 GHz to 20 GHz Synthesized Sweeper
AVAILABLE OPTIONS:
Option 16: Provides 1 Hz resolution throughout the frequency range.
Option 22: Moves the RF Output Connector from the instrument’s
front panel to its rear panel.This option may decrease maximum
output power by as much as 2 dB.
Option 24: Provides built-in function generators for generating AM and
FM.
Option 26: Provides a 110 dB built-in attenuator, in 10 dB steps.
Option 27: Provides scan modulation and linear AM.
Option 28: Provides high stability time base: <5 X 10
-10
/day
AVAILABLE ACCESSORIES:
Accessory A001:Cable kit consisting of 2 low loss cables (18 and 72
inch lengths) and 2 output connector adapters (F–F and M–F).
Accessory A002:Instrument configured for standard rack mounting
with chassis slides.
Accessory A003:Instrument configured for standard rack mounting
without chassis slides.
Accessory A006:Extra extender board service kit (one furnished stan-
dard with each instrument).
Accessory A010:Extra operation and/or maintenance manuals
(one furnished with each instrument; specify type of manual
when ordering).
Note: See current Giga-tronics price list for possible new option
and/or accessory availability.
CW OPERATION
Range: 0.01, 0.5 or 2 to 20 GHz (see Ordering Information)
Resolution: 1 kHz (1 Hz with option 16)
Accuracy and Stability: Identical to time base oscillator
Time Base (Internal): 10 MHz
Aging Rate: <1 X 10
-9
/day after 72 hours of continuous operation;
<5 X 10
-10
/day (with option 28)
Temperature Stability: <±2 X 10
-10
/°C (0 to +50°C)
Time Base (External): 5 MHz or 10 MHz (±1 X 10
-6
or better), user
selectable from the front panel or via GPIB.
Switching Time: <50 ms (20 ms, typically) to within specified
frequency accuracy
Residual FM (Hz, rms; CW Mode):
1
Specifications applies from 2 GHz for models GT 9000/2 and GT 9000S/2-20.
2
Specifications in parentheses are for models GT 9000/2-20 and GT 9000S/2-20.
MODULATION PARAMETERS AND
OPERATIONAL MODES
Modulation specifications apply in the CW mode, and are operable in
the sweep modes. Option 24 provides two functions generators for
internally generating amplitude and frequency modulation envelope
waveforms.Option 27 provides scan modulation plus linear AM.
PULSE / SQUARE WAVE MODULATION (PM)
Specifications apply with Scan/AM and FM off. PM may be operated
simultaneously with Scan/AM and FM.
PM Envelope Parameters
On/Off Ratio: >80 dB
Rise/Fall Times: <10 ns
Overshoot, Undershoot and Ringing: ±2 dB, maximum
Settling Time (to within 1 dB): <100 ns
Leveled Pulsed Output Power (Referenced to leveled CW output power): ±0.5 dB, typical ≥100 ns pulse width; ±1 dB typical,
at <100 ns pulse width
Internally Generated PM Envelope
Repetition Rate: 1 Hz to 3 MHz
Repetition Rate Resolution:
Accuracy: ±0.02% of range maximum value
Jitter: Same as instrument time base
Pulse Delay (Referenced to sync output)
Range: 0 to 2 s
Resolution: 10 ns
Accuracy: ±1% of setting or 20 ns, whichever is greater
Jitter: 0.01% of setting or 100 ps,whichever is greater
Pulse Width:
Range: 50 ns to 2 s
Resolution: 10 ns
Accuracy: ±1% of setting or 20 ns, whichever is greater
Jitter: 0.01% of setting or 100 ps,whichever is greater
Externally Triggered PM Envelope
One PM envelope produced by each trigger supplied.
Repetition Rate: 5 Hz to 5 MHz
Pulse Delay: Set by internal delay control
Pulse Width: Set by internal width control
Input Trigger Required: Positive or negative-going TTL level trigger
pulse, >25 ns wide
Externally Generated PM Envelope
One PM envelope produced by each pulse supplied.
Repetition Rate: 5 Hz to 5 MHz, leveled output; dc to 10 MHz,
unleveled output
Pulse Delay (Output envelope leading edge referenced to input
pulse leading edge): 50 ns, typical
Input Pulse Required: Positive or negative-going TTL level pulse,
≥50 ns wide (leveled output); ≥20 ns wide (unleveled output)
Range Resolution
1 Hz to 1 kHz 1 Hz
1 kHz to 10 kHz 10 Hz
10 kHz to 100 kHz 100 Hz
100 kHz to 1 MHz 1 kHz
1 MHz to 3 MHz 10 kHz
Giga-tronics GT 9000 & 9000S Microwave Synthesizer & Sweeper Specifications Page 4 of 6
AMPLITUDE MODULATION (AM)
Specifications apply when Option 27 is not installed. AM may be oper-
ated simultaneously with FM.
AM Envelope Parameters
Modulation depth: 0 to 90%, typical at 0 dBm output power
Modulation bandwidth: dc to 30 kHz, ±3 dB, typical at 0 dBm out
Input sensitivity (AM depth vernier set to 100%): 1 Vp-p, for
(50 ±10)% depth, at 1 kHz rate
Internally Generated AM Envelope (Option 24)
Waveform: Sine, square or triangle wave
Rate: 1 Hz to 100 kHz
Accuracy: ±0.01 Hz
SCAN/LINEAR AMPLITUDE MODULATION (Option 24)
3
Scan/Linear AM may be operated simultaneously with FM and PM (May
degrade the maximum output level by as much as 2 dB when not
activated, and by as much as 7 dB when activated).
Envelope Parameters
Scan Mode:
Range: 0 to 60 dB
Sensitivity: -10 dB/V
Step response: <1 µs for 50 dB change
Frequency response: dc to 150 kHz sine wave
Linearity (at cal points): ±0.6 dB (0-20 dB), 1 dB (20-60 dB)
Input impedance: 50 Ω, nominal
Linear AM Mode:
Depth: 0 to 90%
Frequency response: 10 Hz to 50 kHz, ±3 dB BW
Input sensitivity: 1 Vp-p for 50%, ±10% depth at 1 kHz
Input impedance: 50 Ω, ±10 Ω
Internally Generated Scan/Linear AM Envelope (Option 24)
Same as specifications as internally generated AM envelope.
FREQUENCY MODULATION (FM)
Specifications apply with Scan/AM and PM off. FM may be operated
simultaneously with Scan/AM or PM.
FM Envelope Parameters
Max Deviation (Wide Mode): 10 MHz, peak, at >2 GHz
1
; 2.5 MHz,
peak, at ≤2 GHz
Flatness: ±2 dB for rates from 10 Hz to 1 MHz; ±3 dB from
1 to 5 MHz
Residual FM (50 Hz to 15 kHz post-detection bandwidth):
0.01 to 2 GHz, <750 Hz; >2 GHz, <3 kHz
1
Max Deviation (Narrow Mode):The lesser of 100 x F
mod
or
10 MHz, peak, at >2 GHz
1
; the lesser of 25 x F
mod
or 2.5 MHz,
peak, at ≤2 GHz
Flatness: ±2 dB for rates from 20 kHz to 1 MHz; ±3 dB from
1 to 5 MHz
Residual FM: Same as CW
Readout: 6 digits
Accuracy: ±5% at maximum deviation, 1 kHz modulation rate
Distortion: <5%
Incidental AM: <±0.2%/MHz of deviation
1
Specifications applies from 2 GHz for models GT 9000/2 and GT 9000S/2-20.
3
Standard AM is not available with Option 27.
Giga-tronics GT 9000 & 9000S Microwave Synthesizer & Sweeper Specifications Page 5 of 6
Internally Generated FM Envelope (Option 24)
Waveform: Sine, square or triangle wave
Rate: 10 Hz to 1 MHz
Resolution: 1 Hz
Accuracy: ±0.01 Hz
Deviation increments: 625 Hz, ≤2 GHz; 2.5 kHz, >2 GHz
1
Externally Supplied FM Envelope
Waveform:Any waveform compatible with bandwidth
considerations
Rate: 10 Hz to 5 MHz
Sensitivity: 1 V, peak, for maximum deviation
Input Impedance: 50 Ω, nominal
Deviation increments: 625 Hz, ≤2 GHz; 2.5 kHz, >2 GHz
1
ANALOG FREQUENCY SWEEP (GT 9000S)
Continuous sweep,self-generated within the instrument, phase-lock
corrected at each start and at band crossings. May be operated simultaneously with digital or analog power sweep.
Sweep Range: Minimum to maximum frequency of the instrument
Sweep Time (Any Sweep Mode): 2 ms to 200 s, minimum sweep
time is determined by the sweep width and the maximum
sweep speed
Minimum Sweep Width: 1 MHz
Maximum Sweep Speed: 600 MHz/ms
Band Crossing Dead Time (at 2 and 8 GHz ): 50 ms, nominal
Sweep Width Resolution (Any sweep mode): 0.1% of sweep width
Start Frequency Accuracy (Any sweep mode):±0.5 MHz
Sweep Linearity (Relative to a linear RAMP OUT voltage, sweep
time ≥100 ms, any sweep mode): ±1% of sweep width or
±50 MHz, whichever is less
Sweep Modes:
START/STOP: Sweeps up or down from a preset start frequency
to a preset stop frequency
START/∆: Sweeps up or down from a preset start frequency
through a preset sweep width
CTR/∆: Sweeps up or down through a preset sweep width
centered symmetrically about a preset center frequency
∆/MKR: Sweeps up or down from any preset marker to any other
preset marker
Sweep Functions:AUTO, SINGLE, EXT, and STOP/RESET
Frequency Markers: Eight intensity or amplitude markers, individually
selected — manual or GPIB
Resolution: Sweep width/4,000
Accuracy: Same as sweep linearity except the marker may vary
±25 mV relative to the linear 0 to +10 V RAMP OUT
Amplitude Markers:Approximately -3 dB change in RF output
power during analog frequency sweep markers
DIGITAL FREQUENCY SWEEP (GT 9000S)
A precision digital (step and dwell) frequency sweep acquires a lock at
each discrete frequency step.Step size and dwell time are selectable.
Sweep Range: Minimum to maximum frequency of the instrument
Step Size:Any increment within the instrument’s frequency resolution
Dwell Time: May be set in 1 ms increments from approximately
1 ms to 200 s
Set Up time/Step: 25 ms typical
Accuracy and Stability: Same as in CW when locked at each step
during dwell time
Sweep Modes:
START/STOP: Sweeps up or down from a preset start frequency
to a preset stop frequency
START/∆: Sweeps up or down from a preset start frequency
through a preset sweep width
CTR/∆: Sweeps up or down through a preset sweep width
centered symmetrically about a preset center frequency
∆/MKR: Sweeps up or down from any preset marker to any other
preset marker
START/STEPS: Sweeps up or down from a preset start frequency
through a preset number of frequency steps
Sweep Functions:AUTO, SINGLE, EXT, EXT STEP and STOP/RESET
ANALOG POWER SWEEP (GT 9000S)
Continuous sweep,self-generated within the instrument. May be
operated simultaneously with digital or analog frequency sweep.
Sweep Range: 20 dB maximum, up or down, within incremental level
range (maximum output power to -10 dBm)
Sweep Time: (Any Sweep Mode): 2 ms to 200 s, minimum sweep time
is determined by the sweep width and the maximum sweep speed
Sweep Time Resolution:
Minimum Sweep Width: 0.01 dB
Maximum Sweep Speed: 1 dB/ms
Sweep Level Resolution (Any sweep mode): 0.01 dB
Start Level Accuracy (Any sweep mode): ±1 dB (-10 to +11 dBm)
Sweep Level Linearity (Any sweep mode): ±5% of sweep width
Sweep Modes:
START/STOP: Sweeps up or down from a preset start frequency
to a preset stop frequency
START/∆: Sweeps up or down from a preset start frequency
through a preset sweep width
CTR/∆: Sweeps up or down through a preset sweep width
centered symmetrically about a preset center frequency
Sweep Functions:AUTO, SINGLE, EXT, EXT STEP and STOP/RESET
Range Resolution
2 ms to 20 ms 10 µs
20 ms to 200 ms 100 µs
200 ms to 2 s 1 ms
2 s to 20 s 10 ms
20 s to 200 s 100 ms
Range Resolution
2 ms to 20 ms 10 µs
20 ms to 200 ms 100 µs
200 ms to 2 s 1 ms
2 s to 20 s 10 ms
20 s to 200 s 100 ms
1
Specifications applies from 2 GHz for models GT 9000/2 and GT 9000S/2-20.
Rear Panel
ALC IN: Signal input for remote leveling of output power by positive
or negative ZBS detectors, or by applicable power meters
Range: 500 µV to 2 V
Loop Bandwidth: 50 kHz, nominal (ZBS detector); 0.7 Hz, nominal
(power meter)
Input Impedance: 10 kΩ, nominal
REF IN: External time base input signal, 5 or 10 MHz ± 1 X 10
-6
or
better, 0.5 to 5 Vp-p, overrides internal time base
Input Impedance: 100 kΩ nominal
REF OUT: Buffered time base output,10 MHz, 2 Vp-p, into 50 Ω sine
wave derived from internal or external time base
5–6 MHz IN: 2 Vp-p, input for controlling frequency of the signal
generator
Input impedance: 50 Ω nominal
STOP SWEEP IN/OUT
4
:TTL level signal, low input to stop frequency
sweep or output to indicate that sweep has been stopped
LOCK/LEVEL OUT:TTL high indicating that frequency is phase-
locked and output power is leveled
PENLIFT OUT
4
: Low during sweep, high impedance during retrace
PM VIDEO OUT:TTL level (approximately 1 V into 50 Ω) pulse
modulation envelope waveform
PM SYNC OUT:TTL level (approximately 1 V into 50 Ω) 50 ns wide
trigger pulse out coincident with leading edge of pulse modulation
envelope waveform
AM SIG OUT: 2 Vp-p, amplitude modulation waveform output
FM SIG OUT: 2 Vp-p, frequency modulation waveform output
BLANK/MKR OUT: +5 V during band changes, filter changes and
retrace, -5 V during markers
NEG BLANK OUT
4
: 0 V during sweep, -5 V during band changes,
filter changes and retrace
.5 V/GHz OUT
4
: Signal directly proportional to the output frequency
SWEEP TRIGGER
4
: TTL level, ≥50 ns wide trigger input to initiate
sweep or step.
RAMP OUT
4
: 0 to +10 V ramp out, proportional to frequency
PM
4
: Input signal for external pulse modulation
AM
4
: Input signal for external amplitude modulation
FM
4
: Input signal for external frequency modulation
DIGITAL POWER SWEEP (GT 9000S)
A precision digital (step and dwell) power sweep acquires a level at
each discrete power step. Step size and dwell time are selectable.
Sweep Range: Minimum to maximum level of the instrument
Step Size:Any multiple of 0.01 dB up to maximum sweep range
Dwell Time: May be set in 1 ms increments from approximately
1 ms to 200 s
Accuracy and Stability: Same as in CW when leveled at each step
during dwell time
Sweep Modes:
START/STOP: Sweeps up or down from a preset start frequency
to a preset stop frequency
START/∆: Sweeps up or down from a preset start frequency
through a preset sweep width
CTR/∆: Sweeps up or down through a preset sweep width
centered symmetrically about a preset center frequency
START/STEPS: Sweeps up or down from a preset start frequency
through a preset number of frequency steps
Sweep Functions:AUTO, SINGLE, EXT, EXT STEP and STOP/RESET
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
Remote Interface: IEEE STD 488-1978 — All parameters except AC
power on/off
Operating Temperature: 0 to 50°C
Environmental: Complies with MIL-T-28800E,Type III, Class 5, Style E
Power: 100/120/220/240 Vac ±10%, 47-440 Hz, 250 W, nominal
Weight and Dimensions: 20.5 kg (45 lb)
Size: 13.3 cm H x 42.5 cm W x 60.9 cm D (5.25 in x 16.75 in x 24 in)
INPUTS/OUTPUTS
All connectors are type BNC unless otherwise stated.
Front Panel
RF OUT: Generator’s RF output signal SMA connector (Option 22
moves the RF output connector to the rear panel)
SWP TRIG IN
4
:TTL level, ≥50 ns wide trigger input to initiate sweep
or step
RAMP OUT
4
: 0 to +10 V ramp out, proportional to frequency
between set sweep limits
AM IN: Input signal for external amplitude modulation or
SCAN/ Linear AM
FM IN: Input signal for external frequency modulation
PM IN: Input signal for external pulse modulation
Giga-tronics GT 9000 & 9000S Microwave Synthesizer & Sweeper Specifications Page 6 of 6
Giga-tronics Incorporated
4650 Norris Canyon Road
San Ramon, California 94583
Telephone: 800 726 4442 or
925 328 4650
Telefax: 925 328 4700
Web Site: www.gigatronics.com
© 1997 Giga-tronics Incorporated GT-095-B
4
GT 9000S only
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