Copyright Agilent
Technologies 2000
All rights reserved.
Reproduction, a daptio n, or
translation without prior
written permission is
prohibited, except as
allowed under the
copyright laws.
Agilent Part No.
37718-90218
Printed in U.K. Sept ember
2000.
Warranty
The information co ntained
in this document is subject
to change without notice.
Agilent Technologies
makes no warra n t y of any
kind with regard to this
material, including, but
not limited to, the implied
warranties or
merchantab ility and fitness
for a particular purpose.
Agilent T ec hno logies shall
not be liable for errors
contained here in or f or
incidental or consequential
damages in connection
with the furnishing,
performance, or use of this
material.
WARNING
Warning Symbols Used on
the Product
!
The product is marked
with this symbol when the
user should refer to the
instruction manual in order
to protect the apparatus
against damage.
The product is marked
with this symbol to
indicate that hazardous
voltages are present
The product is mar ked
with this symbol to
indicate that a laser is
fitted. The user should
refer to the laser safety
information in the
Verification Manual.
Agilent Technologies UK Limited
Telecommunications Networks Test Divi sion
South Queensferry
West Lothian, Scotland EH30 9TG
2DRAFT
User Guide DSn/SONET/ATM/POS Operation
OmniBER 718 SONET User Guide
About This Book
This book tells you how to select the features that you want to use for your test.
The selections available are presented in the following groups:
• Transmit and receive interfaces
• Test features, for example, the addition of errors and alarms to the test signal
• Measurements including test timing
• Storing, logging and printing results with general printer information
• Using instrument and disk storage
• Using the “Other” features.
The selections available will depend on the options fitted to your instrument. The
examples given in this book cover all options and therefore may include selections
which are not available on your instrument.
4
Contents
1 Introduction
Product Description 14
Conventions 15
Connecting to the Network 16
Connecting Accessories 20
Front Panel Soft Recovery (Cold Start) 21
OmniBER 718 Option Guide 22
2 Setting the Interfaces
Setting PDH/DSn Transmit Interface
(Option 012) 26
Setting DSn THRU Mode 28
Setting SONET Transmit Interface 29
Setting Jitter Transmit Interface 33
Setting Wander Transmit Interface 35
Setting SONET THRU Mode 37
Using Smart Test 40
Setting PDH/DSn Receive Interface 45
Setting SONET Receive Interface 47
Setting Jitter Receive Interface 48
Setting Extended Jitter Receive Interface 49
Setting Wander Receive Interface 50
3 Selecting Test Features
Using Transmit Overhead Setup 52
Using Receive Overhead Monitor 54
5
Contents
Setting Overhead Trace Messages 56
Setting Overhead Labels 57
Generating Overhead Sequences 58
Using Receive Overhead Capture 60
Adding Frequency Offset to SONET Signal 62
Adding Frequency Offset to the DSn Signal 64
Setting up Signaling Bits 65
Setting Transmit Structured Payload/Test Signal 68
Setting Receive Structured Payload/Test Signal 70
Setting Transmit N x 64 kb/s/N x 56 kb/s
Structured Payload/Test Signal 71
Setting Receive N x 64 kb/s/N x 56 kb/s
Structured Payload/Test Signal 73
Inserting an External DSn Payload/Test Signal 74
Dropping an External Payload/Test Signal 77
Adding Errors and Alarms at the SONET Interface 80
Adding Errors and Alarms to a DSn Signal 81
Using FEAC Codes 82
Setting DSn Spare Bits 84
Adding Pointer Adjustments 85
Using Pointer Graph Test Function 93
Stressing Optical Clock Recovery Circuits 95
Generating Automatic Protection Switch (APS) Messages 97
Inserting and Dropping the Data Communications Channel 102
Using DS1 LOOP Codes 103
4 Making Measurements
Using Overhead BER Test Function 108
Performing a Trouble Scan 109
6
Contents
Test Timing 111
Making SONET Analysis Measurements 112
Making DSn Analysis Measurements 113
Measuring Frequency 114
Measuring Optical Power 115
Measuring Round Trip Delay 116
Monitoring Signaling Bits 118
Measuring Service Disruption Time 119
Performing a SONET Tributary Scan 122
Performing a SONET Alarm Scan 125
Performing a DSn Alarm Scan 126
Measuring Jitter 127
Measuring Extended Jitter 129
Measuring Wander 131
Measuring Jitter Tolerance 134
Measuring Jitter Transfer 138
Measuring Pointer Adjustment (Tributary) Jitter 144
5 ATM Operation
Setting up the Transmitter for ATM Payloads 150
Setting up the Convergence Sublayer 153
Setting Foreground Traffic 155
Setting Background Traffic 157
Setting Foreground and Background Distributions 158
Transmitting ATM Alarms 161
Adding ATM Errors 163
Viewing ATM Results 165
Setting up the Receiver for ATM Payloads 166
Setting up the Receiver ATM signal 168
7
Contents
Policing ATM Traffic 170
Measuring ATM Delay Performance 172
Measuring ATM Alarms 175
ATM Service Disruption 176
6 Packet over SONET (POS)
POS Protocol Stack 180
Setting up the Transmitter for POS Payloads 181
Setting HDLC Framing, Scrambling and HDLC Frame Check
Sequence 183
Setting IP Packet (Datagram) Length and Inter-Packet Gap 186
Setting IP Header 188
Setting IP Addresses 189
Setting IP Payload 190
Adding POS Alarms 191
Adding POS Errors 192
Setting up the Receiver for POS Operation 193
Setting up the Receiver POS signal 195
Viewing POS Results 196
POS Applications 197
Channelized Testing 198
Fully Exercising POS Hardware Architecture 200
Throughput Testing 204
Continuity Test 208
POS Service Disruption 211
HDLC Frame Stuffing 214
Jitter Tolerance Testing of POS Equipment 217
8
Contents
7 Storing, Logging and Printing
Saving Graphics Results to Instrument Store 222
Recalling Stored Graph Results 223
Viewing the Bar Graph Display 225
Viewing the Graphics Error and Alarm Summaries 227
Logging Graph Displays 229
Logging Results 231
Logging on Demand 241
Logging Jitter Tolerance Results 245
Logging Jitter Transfer Results 247
Logging Results to Parallel (Centronics) Printer 249
Logging Results to GP-IB Printer 250
Logging Results to Internal Printer 251
Logging Results to RS-232-C Printer 252
Printing Results from Disk 253
Connecting a Printer to a Parallel Port 254
Changing Internal Printer Paper 255
Cleaning Internal Printer Print Head 258
8 Using Instrument and Disk Storage
Storing Configurations in Instrument Store 260
Titling Configuration in Instrument Store 261
Recalling Configurations from Instrument Store 262
Formatting a Disk 263
Labeling a Disk 264
Managing Files and Directories on Disk 265
Saving a Screen Dump to Disk 272
Saving Graphical Results to Disk 274
9
Contents
Saving Data Logging to Disk 276
Saving Configurations to Disk 277
Recalling Configuration from Disk 278
Recalling Graphics Results from Disk 279
Copying Configuration from Instrument Store to Disk 280
Copying Configuration from Disk to Instrument Store 282
Copying Graphics Results from Instrument Store to Disk 284
9 Selecting and Using "Other" Features
Coupling Transmit and Receive Settings 288
Setting Time & Date 289
Enabling Keyboard Lock 290
Enabling Beep on Received Error 291
In-Band DS1 Loopcode 156MTS Compatibility 292
Suspending Test on Signal Loss 293
REI-L Result/Enable 294
AIS-L Result/Enable 295
Graph Storage Resolution 296
Setting Error Threshold Indication 297
Setting Screen Brightness and Color 298
To Generate a New Jitter Mask 299
To change the parameters of a User-defined jitter mask 301
Running Self Test 303
Trigger Output 306
10
Contents
10 STS-1 SPE Background Patterns
11 ETSI/ANSI Terminology
ETSI/ANSI Conversion and Equivalent Terms 312
12 Glossary of Terms
11
Contents
12
1
"Product Description " page 14
"Conventions " page 15
"Connecting to the Network " page 16
"Connecting Accessories " page 20
"Front Panel Soft Recovery (Cold Start) " page 21
"OmniBER 718 Option Guide " page 22
1 Introduction
Product Description
Product Description
The OmniBER Communications Performance Analyzer provides all the test
capability you need to fully verify the performance of today’s high-capacity
transmission systems and networks.
The main features of a dual standard (SDH/SONET) instrument are as follows:
• Multi-rate transmission testing from DS0 to OC-48.
• Supports concatenated payloads of VT 1.5 to STS-48c.
• Full PDH/T- carrier testing.
• Direct measurement of protection switching time.
• Powerful thru-mode testing for SONET ring turn-up.
• Comprehensive SONET overhead testing.
• Packet over SONET/SDH (POS) and ATM payloads up to 2.5 Gb/s.
• Fast access to key measurement tasks via Smart Test.
• Optical power and line frequency measurements.
• J0 section trace for DWDM testing
• J1 and J2 path trace for network path testing
• Optional integrated graphical printer.
• Transmit and Receive can be independently configured.
14
Conventions
+
Conventions
The conventions used in this manual to illustrate instrument keys and display
information are as follows:
TRANSMIT
PARALLEL
This is an example of a hardkey. Hardkeys (located to the right of the display) are
used to give access to different sets of instrument settings, or select dedicated
instrument functions. The key shown here displays the transmit settings.
This is an example of a softkey. Softkeys (located below the display) are used to
select instrument settings. The values associated with softkeys change as you move
the display cursor from one instrument setting to another.
These are the cursor control keys. They are used to move the display cursor from
one instrument setting to another.
This is an example of a pop-up menu. Pop-up menus are an alternative way of
selecting instruments settings (instead of using softkeys) . To access a pop-up menu,
highlight an instrument setting, then use the key.
This symbol (when it appears next to settings on the display) indicates that there is a
pop-up application associated with the instrument setting. To access a pop-up
application, highlight the instrument setting which has this symbol, then use the
SET
key.
SET
This symbol appears at the bottom right of the display when an optical transmit
module is fitted to the instrument. The symbol’s background changes from black to
yellow when the optical output goes active.
15
Connecting to the Network
Connecting to the Network
The network connectors are located on the modules at the side of the instrument.
The connections available depend on the options fitted to your instrument.
Before Connecting, note the Warning and Caution information given.
Removing/Inserting Modules
Modules should only be removed or inserted by trained personnel.
All Connectors
CAUTION When connecting or disconnecting, ensure that you are grounded or,
make contact with the metal surface of the Mainframe with your free hand to bring
you, the module, and the mainframe to the same static potential.
Modules remain susceptible to ESD damage while the module is installed in the
Mainframe
Additional ESD information is required when servicing, see your Verification
manual for further information.
16
Connecting to the Network
Optical Interface Connectors
For your protection, review all laser information given in this manual and th e
Verification manual before installing or using the instrument.
WARN IN G To prevent personal injury, avoid use that may be hazardous to others, and
maintain the module in a safe condition En sure the information given below is
reviewed before operating the module.
Laser Product Classification
All optical modules are classified as Class I (non-hazardous) laser product in the
USA which complies with the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Standard 21 CFR Ch.1 1040.10, and are classified as Class 1 (non-hazardous) laser
products in Europe which complies with EN 60825 -1 (199 4).
T o avoid hazardous expo sure to laser radiation, it is recommen ded that the f ollowing
practices are observed during system operation:
• ALWAYS DEACTIVATE THE LASER BEFORE CONNECTING OR
DISCONNECTING OPTICAL CABLES.
• When connecting or disconnecting optical cables between the module and device-under-test, observe the connection sequences given below.
Connecting: Connect the optical cable to the input of the device-under-test
before connecting to the module’s Optical Out connector.
Disconnecting: Disconnect the optical cable from the module’s Optical Out
connector before disconnecting from the device-under-test.
Always fit the fibre optic connector dust caps over the laser
aperture.
• NEVER examine or stare into the open end of a b roken, severed, or disconn ected
optical cable when it is connected to the module’s Optical Out connector.
• Arrange for service-trained personnel, who are aware of the hazards invo lved, to
repair optical cables.
17
Connecting to the Network
CAUTION 1. Use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures other than those
specified herein may result in hazardous radiation exposure.
2. Always fit the fibre optic connector dust caps on each connecto r when not in us e.
Before connection is made, always clean the connector ferrule tip with acetone or
alcohol and a cotton swab. Dry the connector with compressed air. Failure to
maintain cleanliness of connectors is liable to cause excessive insertion loss.
Laser Warning Symbols
The front p anel of the optical module has the following label:
CLASS 1 LASER PRODUCT
NOTE CLASS 1 LASER PRODUCT translates as follows:
Finnish - LUOKAN 1 LASERLAITE
Finnish/Swedish - KLASS 1 LASER APPARAT
This label indicates that the radiant energy present in this instrument is nonhazardous.
OPTICAL IN Allows connection of an optical si gnal, wavelengt h 1200 to 1600 n m, at a maximum
input power level of -8 dBm. NEVER EXCEED +3 dBm.
Accepts SONET signals OC-1, OC-3, OC-12 and OC-48 and SDH signals STM-0,
STM-1, STM-4 and STM-16 depending on the instrument options fitted.
OPTICAL OUT Provides optical signals OC-1, OC-3, OC-12 or OC-48 at wavelength 1290 nm to
1330 nm, at a typical power level of +1 dBm. Also provides SDH signals STM-0,
STM-1, STM-4 and STM-16 depending on the instrument options fitted.
18
Connecting to the Network
Cleaning Optical Connectors
It is recommended that the optical connectors be cleaned at regular intervals using
the following materials:
Description Part Number
Blow Brush 9300-1131
Isopropyl Alcohol 8500-5344
Lens Cleaning Paper 9300-0761
Adhesive T ape Kit 15475-68701
CAUTION Do not insert any tool or object into t he IN or OUT port s of the instrum ent as damage
to or contamination of the optical fibre may result.
1 Recall Default settings (STORED SETTINGS 0) and remove the power from the
OmniBER 718.
2 Remove the adapters from the IN and OUT ports. Use an 11 mm spanner to
slacken the nut securing the adapter. On re-assembly tighten the nut using a
torque spanner to 1.5 Nm.
3 Using the blow brush with the brush removed blow through the ferrule of the
standard flexible connector and the adapter.
CAUTION If the optical fibre of the fixed connector requires further cleaning this entails
disassembly of the modul e which should only be carried out by suitably trained
service personnel.
4 Apply some isopropyl alcohol to a piece of the cleaning paper and clean the barrel
of the adapter. Us ing a new piece of cleaning paper , clean the face of the adapter .
Repeat this operation, using a new piece of cleaning paper each time.
5 Lightly press the adhesive side of the tape provided against the front of the
adapter, then remove it quickly - repeat twice. This removes any parti cles of
cleaning paper which may be present.
6 Replace the adapters on the flexible connector.
19
Connecting Accessories
Connecting Accessories
LID Provides the output for the option 602 printer which is fitted in the cover (LID) of
the instrument.
VGA Provides the output for a display monitor.
HANDSET Allows connection of a telephone handset for communication across the network.
Printer
HP-IB (GPIB),
RS232,
PARALLEL ONLY
Remote Control
HP-IB (GPIB),
RS232,
10 BASE -T
The port selected for external printer use is not available for remote control.
See "Connecting a Printer to a Parallel Port " page 254.
Remote control connection is given in the Remote Control Manual.
The port selected for remote control use is not available for an external printer.
10 Base-T Lan Connection Radiated Emissions
To ensure compliance with EN 55011 (1991) a category 5, STP patch lead, RJ45
cable should be used to connect the LAN port on the processor module marked
"10 Base-T".
20
Front Panel Soft Recovery (Cold Start )
Front Panel Soft Recovery (Cold Start)
Use the following procedure if you need to perform a front panel soft recovery (i.e.
cold start) of the instrument.
Soft Recovery Procedure
1 Switch off the instrument.
2 On the instrument front panel - press and hold so ftkeys 0 and 4 simultaneously
(the softkeys immediately below the display; key 0 is on the extreme left).
3 Power up the OmniBER 718 while holding the softkeys pressed.
4 When the LOS LED has flashed OFF and then ON again, the keys can be
released.
5 The LOS LED will flash OFF/ON again several times (7), followed by an audible
‘beep’ and the display indicating ‘Initializing Instrument’.
6 Once the initialization is complete the display will indicate:
‘Firmware Revision Update’
‘Default settings assumed’
Hit any key to attempt restart’
7 Hit any key, then wait approximately 10 seconds. The instrument should return
to its default settings and normal operation.
21
OmniBER 718 Option Guide
OmniBER 718 Option Guide
This guide explains the features offered with each OmniBER Mainframe and its
associated options. There are three mainframes as follows:
• The 37718A
• The 37718B
• The 37718C
The instrument test interfaces are:
2.5 Gb/s, 622 Mb/s, 155 Mb/s, 52 Mb/s, DS1 (1.5 Mb/s), DS3 (45 Mb/s),
E1 (2 Mb/s), E2 (8Mb/s), E3 (34 Mb/s).
Mainframe test rate capability
Mainframe T est Rate Capability
37718A 2.5 Gb/s, 622 Mb/s, 155 Mb/s and 52
Mb/s
37718B 622 Mb/s, 155 Mb/s and 52 Mb/s
37718C 155 Mb/s and 52 Mb/s
Note that 52 Mb/s and 155 Mb/s electrical testing is included
in the base mainframe.
SDH/SONET Interf a c e
Interface Option
SDH only 001
Dual standard SDH/SONET (ANSI/ITU-
T)
22
002
OmniBER 718 Option Guide
Tributary test options
Option
PDH/T-carrier DS1, DS3, 2 Mb/s, 8 Mb/s, 34 Mb/s
and 140 Mb/s
2 Mb/s into DS3 mapping (also requires option 012) 014
Replaces BNC connector with WECO 560 620
Optical interface
An optical interface must be ordered if an 37718A or 37718B is required.
Option
1310 nm only 104
1550 nm only 105
Dual wavelength 1310 nm/1550 nm 106
Replaces FC/PC adapters with SC 610
Replaces FC/PC adapters with ST 611
Jitter
Option
012
Adds jitter to all rates 200
23
OmniBER 718 Option Guide
ATM/POS
Option
ATM payloads (requires option
350)
POS payloads (requires option
350)
Advanced payload engine 350
Please note that in earlier versions of the OmniBER the list of AT M options
included options 300, 301 and 302. These options have now been merged into one
ATM option 300 (as listed above). A new Advanced payload engine option 350 has
been added which must be ordered with an ATM or POS option.
Accessory options
Remote Omnibook controller 600
RS-232-C, GPIB and LAN remote control
interfaces
80-column in-lid printer 602
300
310
Option
601
24
2
“Setting PDH/DSn Transmit Interface (Option 012)” page 26
“Setting DSn THRU Mode” page 28
“Setting SONET Transmit Interface” page 29
“Setting Jitter Transmit Interface” page 33
“Setting Wander Transmit Interface” page 35
“Setting SONET THRU Mode” page 37
“Using Smart Test” page 40
“Setting PDH/DSn Receive Interface” page 45
“Setting SONET Receive Interface” page 47
“Setting Jitter Receive Interface” page 48
“Setting Extended Jitter Receive Interface” page 49
“Setting Wander Receive Interface” page 50
2 Setting the Interfaces
This chapter tells you how to set the instrument
interfaces to match the network being tested.
Setting the Interfaces
Setting PDH/DSn Transmit Interface (Option 012)
Description DSn transmit interface settings should match network equipment settings of R ate,
Termination and Line Code and determine the Payload to be tested.
TIP: To set the Transmitter and Receiver to the same interface settings choose
SETTINGS CONTROL COUPLED
HOW TO: 1 Choose the required SIGNAL rate from 2 Mb/s, 8 Mb/s, 34 Mb/s, 140 Mb/s PDH,
plus DS1, DS3 T-carrier interfaces.
2 Choose the required CLOCK SYNC source, internally generated, externally
generated or recovered from the received PDH/DSn signal. If you select an
external clock source, connect the external source to the appropriate port on the
OmniBER clock module.
.
OTHER
3 If DS1 or DS3 is chosen, choose the required OUTPUT LEVEL.
4 If you have chosen 2 Mb/s as the SIGNAL rate, choose the required
TERMINATION. (At all other signal rates the impedance is fixed).
26
Setting the Interfaces
Setting PDH/DSn T ransmit Interface (Option 012)
5 If you have chosen 8 Mb/s, 2 Mb/s or DS1 as the SIGNAL rate, choose the
required LINE CODE. (At 140 Mb/s, 34 Mb/s and DS3 coding is fixed).
6 If required, choose the FREQUENCY OFFSET value.
See “Adding Frequency Offset to the DSn Signal” page 64.
7 Choose the required PAYLOAD TYPE.
If is required must be chosen.
STRUCTURED FRAMED
If is chosen the DSn test signal must be set up. See “Setting
STRUCTURED
Transmit Structured Payload/Test Signal” page 68.
If you have chosen 2 Mb/s, DS1 or DS3 as the DSn SIGNAL rate, the Framed
choice is expanded to provide a menu of framing types.
8 Choose the PATTERN type and the PRBS POLARITY.
Additional Patterns at DS1
9 If you select a DS1 SIGNAL , two 8-bi t pattern s and a 55 Octe t pat tern are ad ded
to the list of available patterns. The 8-bit patterns are as follows:
Table 1 8-Bit Patterns
Type Pattern
1-in-8 F01000000
2-in-8 F01100000
Note 1: F indicates the position of the framing bit with respect to the 8-bit pattern
when the framed data is generated
Note 2: Both 8-bit patterns and the 55 Octet pattern can only be selected as a
payload for the whole DS1, i.e. they can not be selected as a pattern for an
individual 64 kb/s channel.
Note 3: Bit errors can be added to both 8-Bit and 55 Octet test patterns as with the
other avai lable test pat terns.
The 55 Octet pattern uses the Daly pattern as per ANSI T1.403
27
Setting the Interfaces
RECEIVE
Setting DSn THRU Mode
Setting DSn THRU Mode
Description THRU mode is used to non-intrusively monitor DSn lines where no protected
monitor points are available.
Note that since THRU mode locks some user settings, you must set SIGNAL RATE
(DS1 or DS3), before selecting THRU mode.
Two modes of operation are possible:
Monitor Mode: This is when the Entire Frame Error Rate field is set to OFF. In this
mode the received signal is passed through or transmitted unchanged, and the
instrument monitors errors and alarms as normal DS1 operation.
Full Frame Overwrite Mode: In this mode any bit in the entire frame can be
errorred at a user defined rate. The bit that is errorred can be any bit in the frame,
including the frame bit (hence the title of “Full Frame Overwrite”). The error rates
available are:
Data error rates: 1.0E-3, 1.0E-4, 1.0E-5, 1.0E-6, 1.0-E-7 and user programmable
in 0.1 steps from 1.1E-3 to 1.0E-9
HOW TO: 1 Make the required SIGNAL RATE cho ice on the PDH/DSn
and displays.
2 Select THRU MODE as shown in the figure above.
3 Select an entire frame error rate from the choices given or us e the USER softkey
to program an error rate.
28
TRANSMIT
Setting the Interfaces
Setting SONET Transmit Interface
Setting SONET Transmit Interface
Payload Selection
One of the key features of the OmniBER 718 is the ability to test concatenated
payloads. The following gives a brief des cri pti on of concatenat ed payl o ads , and the
benefits of using them.
Concatenated Payloads
Bulk filled or contiguous payload structures e.g. (STS-48c) are designed for
carrying broadband services. The entire payload area is used to carry the service
with no structured mapping or channelization.
In the case of a concatenated STS-48 (denoted STS-48c), the virtual container area
is entirely filled by a single STS-48c SPE. This STS-48c SPE consists one Path
Overhead and a single container capable of carrying a tributary signal operating at
rates up to approximately 2.5 Gb/s. Once assembled a STS-48c SPE is multiplexed,
switched and transported through the network as a single entity.
Benefits: Test the entire bandwidth in one go, and reduce test times. The following
table illustrates the reduced test times using concatenated payloads.
Test Time (based on 100
errors)
Performance
test limit
14
10-
13
10-
12
10-
11
10-
10
10-
STS-48c SPE
payload
48 days >2 years
4.8 days 77 days
1 1.6 hou rs 7.7 days
1.2 hour 18.5 hour
7 minutes 1.9 hours
STS-3c SPE
payload
29
Setting the Interfaces
Setting SONET Transmit Interface
Description SONET transmit interface settings should match the network equipment settings of
Rate, Wavelength and Mapping, determine the payload to be tested and set
background conditions to prevent alarms while testing.
TIP: If you wish to set the OmniBER 718 transmitter and receiver to the same interface
settings choose
OTHER
SETTINGS CONTROL COUPLED
Laser On/Off Control
If you wish to switch off the laser when connecting/disconnecting cables, set the
field between the wavelength and INTERNAL selections to OFF. When the laser is
on the laser symbol at the bottom right of the display is illumin a ted (yellow).
.
HOW TO: 1 Make your choice of SIGNAL rate.
If Option 106, Dual Wavelength optical module, is fitted and an optical rate is
chosen, choose the required wavelength (1550 or 1310).
If STS-1 is chosen, choose the required interface level.
Choose unless is required. If is
INTERNAL THRU MODE THRU MODE
chosen, see "Setting SONET THRU Mode " page 37.
2 Make your choice of CLOCK synchronization source. The clock can be
internally sourced from the instrument, recovered from the signal at the optical
RECEIVE port or externally sourced from the CLOCK REF IN ports (MTS 64
kb/s, BITS 1.5 Mb/s or 10 MHz REF).
30
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