Agilent 37717C PDH / DSn Operating Manual

HP 37717C
Communications
Performance Analyzer

PDH / DSn
Operating Manual

 Copyright Hewlett­Packard Ltd.1997

All rights reserved.
Reproduction, adaption,
or translation without prior
written permission is
prohibited, except as
allowed under the
copyright laws.

Information in this
document may apply to
modules which use the
VxWORKS TM software.
The VxWORKS TM
software was developed by
Wind River Systems, Inc.,
which has copyright to it.

HP Part No. 37717-90283

First edition, September 97

Printed in U.K.

Warranty

The information contained
in this document is subject
to change without notice.

Hewlett-Packard mak es no
warranty of any kind with
regard to this material,
including, but not limited
to, the implied warranties
or merchantability and
fitness for a particular
purpose.

Hewlett-Packard shall not
be liable for errors
contained herein or for
incidental or
consequential damages in
connection with the
furnishing, performance,
or use of this material.

WARNING

Warning Symbols Used
on the Product

!

The product is marked
with this symbol when the
user should refer to the
instruction manual in order
to protect the apparatus
against damage.

The product is marked
with this symbol to
indicate that hazardous
voltages are present

The product is marked
with this symbol to
indicate that a laser is
fitted. The user should
refer to the laser safety
information in the
Calibration Manual.

Hewlett-Packard Limited
Communications Measurements Division
South Queensferry
West Lothian, Scotland EH30 9TG

PDH / DSn Operating Manual

HP 37717C Communications
Performance Analyzer

About This Book

The HP 37717C PDH /DSn Operating Manual explains the following:

• How to select and use the PDH / DSn features provided with the PDH /DSn

options

• How to make PDH / DSn measurements

For some operations and measurements, information from one of the following
associated books may be required:

“The HP 37717C Mainframe Operating Manual” explains how to obtain the
required display, how to use the front panel keys, how to interpret the status
indicators, how to connect to external equipment and how to perform instrument
tasks associated with the HP 37717C irrespective of the option configuration.

“The HP 37717C SDH / SONET Operating Manual” describes the selection of
SDH / SONET features and how to perform SDH / SONET tests with the HP
37717C Communications Performance Analyzer.

“The HP 37717C Jitter Operating Manual” describes the selection of Jitter
features and how to perform Jitter tests with the HP 37717C Communications
Performance Analyzer.

“The HP 37717C ATM and LAN Operating Manual” describes the selection of
ATM and LAN testing features and how to perform ATM and LAN tests with the
HP 37717C Communications Performance Analyzer.

iv

Contents

1 HP 37717C PDH / DSn Features

Introduction to PDH / DSn 2
Options With PDH / DSn Capability 3

Unstructured PDH Generation and Measurement. Option UKK (USB) 3
Structured PDH Generation and Measurement. Options UKJ (USA) and UKN (USE) 4
DS1, DS3, E1 and E3 Transmit and Receive Interfaces for ATM Payloads. Option UKZ 5
E1, E3 and E4 Transmit and Receive Interfaces for ATM Payloads. Option UKN (USE) 6
Binary Interfaces. Option UH3 (US7) 7
Multiple PDH Outputs. Option UHC (US6) 8

PDH / DSn Display Reference 9

Unstructured PDH Generation and Measurement. Option UKK (USB) 9
Structured PDH Generation and Measurement. Options UKJ (USA) or UKN (USE) 11
DS1, DS3, E1 and E3 Transmit and Receive Interfaces for ATM Payloads.
Option UKZ 15
E1, E3 and E4 Transmit and Receive Interfaces for ATM Payloads. Option UKN (USE) 19
Binary Interfaces. Option UH3 (US7) 22

2 PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Alarm Monitoring 26
Analysis of N X 64 kb/s 29
BERT Testing 33
Cross Multiplexer Testing 38
FAS Monitoring 44
Frequency Measurement 48
Frequency Offset Tolerance 51
Multiplexer Testing 55
Round Trip Delay 60
M2100, M2110, M2120 Analysis 63
Monitoring DS3 with ATM Payloads 67

v

Contents

vi

1

Introduction to PDH / DSn page 2
Options With PDH / DSn Capability page 3

Unstructured PDH Generation and Measurement. Option UKK (USB) page 3
Structured PDH Generation and Measurement. Options UKJ (USA) and UKN (USE) page 4
DS1, DS3, E1 and E3 Transmit and Receive Interfaces for ATM Payloads. Option UKZ

page 5

E1, E3 and E4 Transmit and Receive Interfaces for ATM Payloads. Option UKN (USE)

page 6

Binary Interfaces. Option UH3 (US7) page 7
Multiple PDH Outputs. Option UHC (US6) page 8

PDH / DSn Display Reference page 9

Unstructured PDH Generation and Measurement. Option UKK (USB) page 9
Structured PDH Generation and Measurement. Options UKJ (USA) or UKN (USE) page 11
DS1, DS3, E1 and E3 Transmit and Receive Interfaces for ATM Payloads. Option UKZ

page 15

E1, E3 and E4 Transmit and Receive Interfaces for ATM Payloads. Option UKN (USE)

page 19

Binary Interfaces. Option UH3 (US7) page 22

1 HP 37717C PDH / DSn Features

Information on the optional modules including
selection of the features available.

HP 37717C PDH / DSn Features

Introduction to PDH / DSn

Introduction to PDH / DSn

The Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (PDH / DSn) is still the dominant technology
in most existing telecommunications networks throughout the world, although it is
being replaced in many networks by Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) or
SONET networks. PDH / DSn networks were developed at a time when point-to­point transmission was the predominant network requirement. To support this
requirement, the standard approach to network management and maintenance was to
use manual distribution frames for access to individual signals. This is now
considered out of date and consequently SDH / SONET is now the preferred
network topology for new installations.

However PDH / DSn networks will exist for a long time to come even in networks
where SDH /SONET is the preferred technology. PDH is the ETSI international
standard, based on 2 Mb/s, defined by the ITU-T, and covers the hierarchal
transmission rates of 2 Mb/s, 8 Mb/s, 34 Mb/s and 140 Mb/s. DSn is the ANSI
standard covering transmission rates of 1.544 Mb/s (DS1) and 44.736 Mb/s (DS3).
PDH is asynchronous at 8 Mb/s, 34 Mb/s and 140 Mb/s. In order to access a signal,
for rerouting or test purposes, the whole line signal structure must be demultiplexed
step by step down to the 2 Mb/s level, because of the asynchronous nature of the
multiplexing.

At each multiplexing step, the bit rate of the individual tributary signals is controlled
within specified limits and is not synchronized with the multiplex equipment.
Because the bit rates of the individual tributaries are controlled within specific limits
this type of multiplexing is referred to as Plesiochronous i.e. nearly synchronous.
The individual tributaries are synchronized with the equipment at each multiplex
step by the process of positive bit stuffing justification.

In new SDH / SONET networks, PDH / DSn signals are mapped into virtual
containers / tributaries before being transported as part of the SDH / SONET
payload. The SDH / SONET payload must then be demapped into a PDH / DSn
tributary signal.

Therefore all PDH / DSn, SDH / SONET and mixed PDH/SDH DSn / SONET
networks require test sets which have PDH / DSn interfaces and PDH / DSn test
capability.

2

HP 37717C PDH / DSn Features

Options With PDH / DSn Capability

Options With PDH / DSn Capability

Unstructured PDH Generation and Measurement. Option UKK (USB)

Option UKK (USB), Unstructured PDH, provides generation and
measurement of unstructured PDH at interface rates of 704 kb/s, 2.048 Mb/
s, 8.448 Mb/s, 34.368 Mb/s and 139.264 Mb/s.

Allows the addition of Frequency Offset to the PDH signal
Provides 75 Ω unbalanced or 120 Ω balanced input and output interfaces.
Allows selection of PRBS, WORD or USER patterns
Allows selection of Line Code AMI, HDB3 or CMI
Provides an ECL pulse each time an error occurs (Error Out)

3

HP 37717C PDH / DSn Features

Structured PDH Generation and Measurement. Options UKJ (USA) and
UKN (USE)

Structured PDH Generation and Measurement. Options UKJ (USA) and
UKN (USE)

Options UKJ (USA) and UKN (USE), provide generation and
measurement of Structured or Unstructured PDH at interface
rates of 2.048 Mb/s (E1), 8.448 Mb/s (E2), 34.368 Mb/s (E3)
and 139.264 Mb/s (E4).

Structured test signal rates of 64 kb/s, 2.048 Mb/s, 8.448 Mb/s
and 34.368 Mb/s are provided.

Frequency Offset can be added at the interface rates.
Line rate frequency can be measured.
Provides 75 Ω unbalanced or 120 Ω balanced input and output

interfaces.
Allows selection of PRBS, WORD or USER patterns

Option UKJ (USA)

Allows selection of Line Code AMI, HDB3 or CMI
Interface and test signal rates can be Framed or Unframed
MUX connector allows a 2 Mb/s signal from external equipment

to be inserted into the HP 37717C test signal.
DEMUX connector allows a 2 Mb/s signal from the HP 37717C

to be Dropped to external equipment.
Option UKN (USE) also provides generation and measurement

of PDH signals with ATM payloads. Option UKN (USE)
therefore provides all of the PDH facilities described here with
the additional facilities described on page 6.

Information on the ATM capabilities of the UKN (USE) module
is given in “The ATM Operating Manual”

4

HP 37717C PDH / DSn Features

DS1, DS3, E1 and E3 Transmit and Receive Interfaces for ATM
Payloads. Option UKZ

DS1, DS3, E1 and E3 Transmit and Receive Interfaces for ATM
Payloads. Option UKZ

Option UKZ, provides generation and measurement of
PDH /DSn signals with ATM payloads at interface rates of:

1.544 Mb/s (DS1), 44.736 Mb/s (DS3),

2.048 Mb/s (E1), and 34.368 Mb/s (E3).
Frequency Offset can be added at the interface rates.
Line rate frequency can be measured.
Provides the following RZ input and output interfaces:

DS3 and E3: 75 Ω unbalanced
E1: 75 Ω unbalanced, 120 Ω balanced.
DS1: 100 Ω balanced.

Allows selection of Line Code as AMI, HDB3, B3ZS or
B8ZS

Provides Input sensitivity level selection.
Provides output level control for DS1 and DS3.
Allows error and alarm injection at the physical and ATM

layers.
Allows selection of PCLP or Direct mapping at DS3.

Information on the ATM capabilities of this module is given
in “The ATM Operating Manual”

5

HP 37717C PDH / DSn Features

E1, E3 and E4 Transmit and Receive Interfaces for ATM Payloads.
Option UKN (USE)

E1, E3 and E4 Transmit and Receive Interfaces for ATM Payloads.
Option UKN (USE)

Option UKN (USE) provides generation and measurement of PDH
signals with ATM payloads at rates of 2.048 (E1), 34.368 (E3) and

139.264 (E4) Mb/s.
Frequency Offset can be added at the interface rates.
Line rate frequency can be measured.
Provides the following input and output interfaces:
E1: RZ, 75 Ω unbalanced and 120 Ω balanced.
E3: RZ, 75 Ω unbalanced.
E4: CMI 75 Ω unbalanced.
Allows selection of E1 Line Code AMI, HDB3.
Allows selection of CRC-4 Multiframe at E1.

Information on the ATM capabilities of this module is given in “The
ATM Operating Manual”

6

HP 37717C PDH / DSn Features

Binary Interfaces. Option UH3 (US7)

Binary Interfaces. Option UH3 (US7)

Option UH3 (US7) provides binary NRZ interfaces for the structured PDH module
option UKJ (USA), and the unstructured PDH module option UKK (USB).

The interfaces can operate at any of the standard rates ± 100 ppm.
When used with option UKK (USB), with an external binary clock input, the

interfaces can operate at any rate any rate in the range 700 kb/s to 170 Mb/s.
TTL signal levels, at data and clock ports, and external clock port, are valid from

700 kb/s to 50 Mb/s, 75Ω to ground.
ECL signals, at data and clock ports, and external clock port, are valid from 700 kb/

s to 170 Mb/s, 75Ω to -2V.
The external clock input may be used to clock coded data from the PDH / DSn

transmitter at standard rates. In addition if Option UKK (USB), Unstructured PDH,
is fitted can clock coded data in the range 700 kb/s to 170 Mb/s.

Simultaneous jitter of binary clock and binary data outputs is possible (2, 8, 34 &
140 Mb/s) if Option UHK (USB) or A3K, Jitter Generator, is fitted.

Jitter measurement on the binary clock input is possible (2, 8, 34 & 140 Mb/s ±;100
ppm) if Option UHN, A1M, A1N or A1P, Jitter Measurement, is fitted.

Frequency measurement of the external clock input and binary clock input is
provided.

7

HP 37717C PDH / DSn Features

Multiple PDH Outputs. Option UHC (US6)

Multiple PDH Outputs. Option UHC (US6)

Option UHC (US6), Multiple PDH Outputs, provides three additional 75Ω PDH
outputs.

OUT 1 is delayed by 4 bits relative to the main PDH OUT.
OUT 2 is delayed by 8 bits relative to the main PDH OUT.
OUT 3 is delayed by 12 bits relative to the main PDH OUT.

NOTE: When used with Option UKZ, multiple outputs are available at the 2 and 34
Mb/s E1 and E3 rates.

8

HP 37717C PDH / DSn Features

PDH / DSn Display Reference

PDH / DSn Display Reference

Unstructured PDH Generation and Measurement. Option UKK
(USB)

A choice of 5 SIGNAL rates is av ailable.

The clock is normally synchronized to
an internal clock.

When 2 Mb/s is selected the clock
RECOVERED by the Receiver can be
used as the synchronization source.

FREQUENCY OFFSET can be added at
preset CCITT values or as User defined
values in the range ± 100 ppm.

The preset value will change according
to the PDH signal rate selected.

9

HP 37717C PDH / DSn Features

Unstructured PDH Generation and Measurement. Option UKK (USB)

PATTERN allows a choice of PRBS and
WORD patterns.

Line CODE and TERMINATION can be
selected to match the requirements of
network equipment.

Errors of the type selected on the TEST
FUNCTION display can be added to the
PATTERN singly by pressing .

SINGLE

or at a selectable RATE.
TEST MODE allows Bit Error

measurements to be made with the
network equipment Out Of Service or
Frame error measurements to be made
with the network equipment In Service.

When In Service is selected the only
PATTERN available is LIVE TRAFFIC.

If 2 Mb/s is selected as the SIGNAL rate, a
choice of 2 Mb/s FRAMING type is
provided.

10

HP 37717C PDH / DSn Features

Structured PDH Generation and Measurement. Options UKJ (USA) or
UKN (USE)

Structured PDH Generation and Measurement. Options UKJ (USA) or
UKN (USE)

A choice of four SIGNAL rates is
available.

The clock is synchronized to an internal
clock.

TERMINATION and Line CODE
selections should match the requirements
of the network equipment.

FREQUENCY OFFSET can be added at
preset CCITT values or as User defined
values in the range ± 100 ppm

The preset value will change according to
the PDH signal rate selected.

PAYLO AD TYPE determines whether the
PDH signal is Unframed (Unstructured),
Framed or Structured.

PATTERN allows a choice of PRBS and
WORD patterns.

PRBS POLARITY allows a choice
between Inverted (CCITT recommended)
and Normal.

11

HP 37717C PDH / DSn Features

Structured PDH Generation and Measurement. Options UKJ (USA) or
UKN (USE)

If 2Mb/s SIGNAL rate is selected the
choice of Framing type is included in the
PAYLOAD TYPE menu.

If STRUCTURED is selected a new
display of is

STRUCTURED SETTINGS

obtained.
TEST SIGNAL allows a choice of rates

(sub interface rate) at which testing is
performed.

The example shown is for a 140 Mb/s main
signal rate.

If 2Mb/s TEST SIGNAL rate is selected
the choice of Framing type is included in
the 2M PAYLOAD menu.

The 2M PAYLOAD menu includes a
choice of INSERT 2Mb/s which allows an
external 2 Mb/s Test Signal, presented at
the MUX port, to be inserted into the
structured PDH signal.

The capability to DROP the 2 Mb/s Test
Signal to external equipment, via the
DEMUX connector, is provided on the

RECEIVE

SETTINGS

STRUCTURED

display 2M PAYLOAD

menu.

12

HP 37717C PDH / DSn Features

Structured PDH Generation and Measurement. Options UKJ (USA) or
UKN (USE)

34Mb, 8Mb and 2Mb allow selection of
the tributary of interest.

PATTERN allows a choice of PRBS and
WORD patterns.

PRBS POLARITY allows a choice
between Inverted (CCITT recommended)
and Normal.

B/G PATTERN selection determines the
pattern inserted in the non test tributaries.

If Transmit and Receive TEST SIGNAL
64 kb/s is selected the 2 Mb/s Framing
choice is made from the 2M PAYLOAD
menu.

A telephone HANDSET can be connected
to the 64 kb/s channel and used to LISTEN
or TALK and LISTEN.

The B/G PATTERN in the non test 64 kb/s
channels is always NUMBERED.

When N X 64kb/s is selected a test pattern
can be inserted across a number of
Timeslots even if the selected Timeslots
are non contiguous.

The required Timeslots are selected using

DESELECT ALL DESELECT

SELECT

, and .

,,

In this example timeslots 3, 5, 9, 25, 26
and 27 are selected.

13

HP 37717C PDH / DSn Features

Structured PDH Generation and Measurement. Options UKJ (USA) or
UKN (USE)

If the receiver input is derived from the
network equipment monitor point then

SIGNAL IN

is pressed until the

MONITOR indicator is lit.
The received signal will be 20 to 30 dB

below the normal level. To return the
received signal to normal GAIN is
required at the receiver input.

The received signal may also require
equalization to compensate for cable
losses.

The

TRANSMIT

TEST FUNCTION

allows the addition of errors.
Bit, Code or FAS (Frame) errors can be

added dependent upon the SIGNAL and
PAYLOAD TYPE selections.

Errors of the type selected on the TEST
FUNCTION display can be added to the
P ATTERN singly by pressing . or

SINGLE

at a selectable RATE.

14

HP 37717C PDH / DSn Features

DS1, DS3, E1 and E3 Transmit and Receive Interfaces for ATM
Payloads. Option UKZ

DS1, DS3, E1 and E3 Transmit and Receive Interfaces for ATM Payloads.
Option UKZ

A choice of four PDH / DSn SIGNAL
rates is available

The clock may be synchronized to an
internal clock or the received clock.

TERMINATION and Line CODE
selections should match the requirements
of the network equipment.

For DS1 and DS3 signal rates, the
OUTPUT LEVEL can be selected. At DS3
the CONVERGENCE LAYER can be
configured

When SDH / SONET modules are fitted,
additional transmission and reception
rates are available. For example STM-1
and OC-3c transmission and reception is
available via the SDH Overhead / Stress
module A1T plus an optical module
such as UH1.

FREQUENCY OFFSET can be added at
preset values or as User defined values in
the range ± 100 ppm

The preset value will change according to
the PDH / DSn signal rate selected.

15

HP 37717C PDH / DSn Features

DS1, DS3, E1 and E3 Transmit and Receive Interfaces for ATM
Payloads. Option UKZ

At the 34Mb/s SIGNAL rate a TRAIL
TRACE facility is available. The default
signal, HP37717C, may be replaced with a
selectable message.

If the DS3 SIGNAL rate is selected the
choice of CONVERGENCE SUB-LA YER
is provided (Direct or PLCP mapping).

If the 2Mb/s SIGNAL rate is selected,
CRC-4 Multiframing may be selected.

SCRAMBLING may be selected ON or
OFF at any of the SIGNAL rates.

16

HP 37717C PDH / DSn Features

DS1, DS3, E1 and E3 Transmit and Receive Interfaces for ATM
Payloads. Option UKZ

The

TRANSMIT

TEST FUNCTION

allows the addition of errors and alarms at
the physical and ATM layers.

The types of error available for selection
will depend on the SIGNAL rate selected.
The example shown is for DS1 which
includes excess zeros (EXZ).

The alarms which may be generated also
depend on the SIGNAL rate selected.

The example shown here is for DS3.
The Far End Alarm and Control (FEAC)

function allows alarm conditions and
control codewords to be transmitted.

To make measurements on PDH / DSn
signals with ATM payloads, set the

RECEIVE

PHYSICAL LAYER to the
interface SIGNAL RATE. MONITOR
and TERMINATE LEVELS should be
set to match the signal level.

17

HP 37717C PDH / DSn Features

DS1, DS3, E1 and E3 Transmit and Receive Interfaces for ATM
Payloads. Option UKZ

RESULTS

Select

PDH RESULTS

Then select the type of result required.

Information on the ATM features of this module is given in “The ATM Operating
Manual”

18

HP 37717C PDH / DSn Features

E1, E3 and E4 Transmit and Receive Interfaces for ATM Payloads.
Option UKN (USE)

E1, E3 and E4 Transmit and Receive Interfaces for ATM Payloads.
Option UKN (USE)

A choice of three PDH SIGNAL rates is
available

The clock may be synchronized to an
internal clock or the received clock.

FREQUENCY OFFSET can be added at
preset values or as User defined values in
the range ± 100 ppm. The preset value
will change according to the PDH signal
rate selected.

A Trail Trace facility is available at the
140 and 34 Mb/s rates.

TERMINATION and Line CODE are
preset at 140 and 34 Mb/s. at the 2 Mb/s
rate the Termination and line code
selections should match the requirements
of the network equipment.

At the 2 Mb/s rate CRC-4 Multiframing
can be selected.

19

HP 37717C PDH / DSn Features

E1, E3 and E4 Transmit and Receive Interfaces for ATM Payloads.
Option UKN (USE)

When SDH / SONET modules are fitted,
additional transmission and reception
rates are available. For example STM-1
OPTICAL and STM-1 (ELECTRICAL)
transmission and reception is available via
the SDH Overhead / Stress module A1T
plus an optical module such as UH1.

To make measurements on PDH signals
with ATM payloads, set to

and select the interface SIGNAL

ATM

RECEIVE

RATE. MONITOR and TERMINATE
LEVELS are available.

Select

20

RESULTS

PDH RESULTS

HP 37717C PDH / DSn Features

E1, E3 and E4 Transmit and Receive Interfaces for ATM Payloads.
Option UKN (USE)

Then select the type of result required.

NOTE When DS3 frame errors are being measured, errors in either FAS or MFAS bits are

included.

Information on the ATM features of this module is given in “The ATM Operating
Manual”.

21

HP 37717C PDH / DSn Features

Binary Interfaces. Option UH3 (US7)

Binary Interfaces. Option UH3 (US7)

To enable the selection of
NRZ binary interfaces, select, ,

TRANSMIT

PDH

MAIN SETTINGS, INTERFACE,

BINARY

.

The CLOCK SYNC for the transmitted
signal may be selected as either the
internal source or from an external
binary (NRZ) input.

The binary clock and data output
thresholds and polarity are selectable.
Thresholds may be ECL (75 Ω to
ground) or TTL (75 Ω to -2V), polarity
may be normal or inverted.

To enable the selection of
binary interfaces, select, , MAIN
SETTINGS, INTERFACE, .

RECEIVE

PDH

BINARY

22

HP 37717C PDH / DSn Features

Binary Interfaces. Option UH3 (US7)

The binary clock and data input
thresholds and polarity are selectable.

The DATA threshold selections are:
TTL (1.5V), ECL (-1.3V) and GND

(0V)
The CLOCK thresholds are as for data

plus AUTO (mean signal level).
The CLOCK and DAT A polarity may be

normal or inverted.

23

HP 37717C PDH / DSn Features

Binary Interfaces. Option UH3 (US7)

24

2

Alarm Monitoring page 26
Analysis of N X 64 kb/s page 29
BERT Testing page 33
Cross Multiplexer Testing page 38
FAS Monitoring page 44
Frequency Measurement page 48
Frequency Offset Tolerance page 51
Multiplexer Testing page 55
Round Trip Delay page 60
M2100, M2110, M2120 Analysis page 63
Monitoring DS3 with ATM Payloads page 67

2 PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Alarm Monitoring

Alarm Monitoring

Options Required Structured PDH UKJ (USA) or UKN (USE)

Application

Problems in the network at all levels in the hierarchy can be detected by the
occurrence of alarms in each tributary of structured PDH systems.

Using the HP 37717C in a receive only mode, each tributary can be scanned and the
state of Frame Loss, Remote (RAI) and AIS alarms viewed on the
display.

Default (Known State) Settings

It can be advisable to set the HP 37717C to a known state prior to setting up to make
a measurement. This clears all previous settings and provides a clearly defined
instrument state. For a list of Default Settings and the procedure for accessing them
see Stored Settings.

RESULTS

Test Setup Procedure (Alarm Monitoring)

This setup procedure is based on Structured PDH 140 Mb/s line traffic interfaced at
the line equipment 75 Ω protected Monitor point. If a protected Monitor Point is not
available then an HP 15510A Protective Probe may be used at an unprotected
Monitor point.

When 120 Ω Balanced alarm monitoring is desired at an unprotected Monitor point
use an HP 15511A Protective Monitor Probe. The instrument is used in a receive
only mode to monitor Frame Loss, AIS and Remote alarms.

26

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Alarm Monitoring

1 Connect the HP 37717C to the line

terminal equipment protected Monitor
point and set up the display

MAIN SETTINGS

RECEIVE

as shown opposite.

The GAIN and EQUALIZER settings
should be set to optimize the received
signal.

2 Set up the display

STRUCTURED SETTINGS

RECEIVE

as shown

opposite.

2M PAYLOAD determines the Framing
and selection which should match that of
the network equipment.

27

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Alarm Monitoring

Start the Test (Alarm Monitoring)

1 . Set up the display as

RESULTS

shown opposite and select

PDH ALM SCAN

ON

.

If any of the three alarms, Frame Loss,
RAI or AIS has occurred the appropriate
point in the hierarchy will be highlighted.

The test can be halted at any time by
selecting on the

PDH ALM SCAN

OFF

RESULTS

display.

2 T o determine which alarm has occurred

set the PDH ALM SCAN and
then set the

STRUCTURED

RECEIVE

SETTINGS

OFF

display
to the tributary highlighted as shown
opposite and press .

RUN/STOP

Example 2Mb number 2 of 8Mb number 1
of 34 Mb number 1 is highlighted.

3 Now view the Alarm Seconds results

on the display to determine

RESULTS

which alarms have occurred.

28

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Analysis of N X 64 kb/s

Analysis of N X 64 kb/s

Options Required Structured PDH UKJ (USA) or UKN (USE)

Application

Many customer premises receive subrate signals for example 128 Kb/s or 384 kb/s.
The timeslots which make up these services may or may not be contiguous. Testing
these services requires that the test set to be able to insert a pattern across the
required timeslots.

T esting N X 64 kb/s channels structured within a 2 Mb/s signal can be carried out on
an End to End basis using two test sets.

Default (Known State) Settings

It can be advisable to set the HP 37717C to a known state prior to setting up to make
a measurement. This clears all previous settings and provides a clearly defined
instrument state. For a list of Default Settings and the procedure for accessing them
see Stored Settings in the Mainframe Operating Manual.

Test Setup Procedure (N X 64 kb/s Analysis)

This setup procedure is interfaced at 2 Mb/s, with a test signal of 6 X 64 kb/s non­contiguous timeslots. A PRBS test pattern is transmitted across the 6 timeslots. A
BER measurement is performed on the received test pattern.

29

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Analysis of N X 64 kb/s

HP 37717C #1

1. Set up the

CONTROL

OTHER

SETTINGS

display as shown opposite.

Any settings change made on the

TRANSMIT

] or displays will

RECEIVE

automatically occur on the other.

2. Connect the HP 37717C to the line
equipment and set up the

MAIN SETTINGS

TRANSMIT

display as shown

opposite.
The settings of SIGNAL rate and LINE

CODE must match those of the network
equipment.

3. Set up the display

STRUCTURED SETTINGS

TRANSMIT

as shown

opposite.
In this example timeslots 3, 5, 9, 25, 26

and 27 are selected.
2M PAYLOAD selects the Framing which

must match that of the network equipment.

30

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Analysis of N X 64 kb/s

4. Set up the display as shown

RESULTS

opposite.
The RESULTS type may be changed

during the measurement without
interrupting the test.

HP 37717C #2

1. Set up the

CONTROL

OTHER

SETTINGS

display as shown opposite.

Any settings change made on the

TRANSMIT

or displays will

RECEIVE

automatically occur on the other.

2. Set up the display

MAIN SETTINGS

RECEIVE

as shown opposite.

The settings of SIGNAL rate and LINE
CODE must match those of the network
equipment.

31

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Analysis of N X 64 kb/s

3. Set up the

SETTINGS

RECEIVE

display as shown opposite.

STRUCTURED

In this example timeslots 3, 5, 9, 25, 26
and 27 are selected.

2M PAYLOAD selects the Framing which
must match that of the network equipment.

4. Set up the display as shown

RESULTS

opposite.
The RESULTS type may be changed

during the measurement without
interrupting the test.

Run the Test (N X 64 kb/s Analysis)

1. Press .

• The measurement results and alarms are available on the display

RUN/STOP

RESULTS

during the test period.

• The test can be halted at any time by pressing .

RUN/STOP

32

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

BERT Testing

BERT Testing

Options Required Structured PDH UKJ (USA) or UKN (USE), or Unstructured
PDH UKK (USB)

Application

A transmission system must be specified for its overall error performance, measured
over a period of time. Conformance to these specifications ensures that an installed
system will meet the requirements of an Integrated Digital Network (IDN).

After troubleshooting, or during installation or commissioning, it is necessary to
check that the transmission link meets this error performance.

This can be performed in two ways:

• End T o End - Error performance measurements are made on an end-to-end basis

testing the Go and Return paths separately but simultaneously . The measurements
are often performed unattended and the results and other events, alarms for
example, logged on a printer or disc and timed by a real time clock facility.

Two HP 37717C's are required for this measurement, one at each end of the link.

End-to End Test

33

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

BERT Testing

• Loopback - Error performance measurements are made via a loopback at the

remote end of the system testing the combined Go and Return paths. The
measurements are often performed unattended and the results and other events,
alarms for example, logged on a printer or disc and timed by a real time clock.

Loopback Test

Default (Known State) Settings

It can be advisable to set the HP 37717C to a known state prior to setting up to make
a measurement. This clears all previous settings and provides a clearly defined
instrument state. For a list of Default Settings and the procedure for accessing them
see Stored Settings.

Test Setup Procedure (BERT Testing)

This setup procedure is based on 140 Mb/s, CMI, PRBS test data terminated in 75Ω
A SINGLE test period of 24 HOURS is used and use of the a printer or disc for
recording of results and alarms is included. A graphical record of the results can be
viewed on the HP 37717C display at the end of the test period.

GRAPH

34

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

BERT Testing

1. Set up the

CONTROL

OTHER

SETTINGS

display as shown opposite

(on both HP 37717C's if end to end).
Any settings change made on the

TRANSMIT

or displays will

RECEIVE

automatically occur on the other.

2. Connect the HP 37717C to the line
equipment and set up the

TRANSMIT

display as shown opposite (on both HP
37717C's if end to end).

3. Select the function as

LOGGING

shown opposite (on both HP 37717C's if
end to end).

A LOGGING PERIOD selection of
[USER PROGRAM] [10 MIN] provides
the following:

A complete set of period and a complete
set of cumulative results logged on the
printer or disc every 10 minutes.

A complete set of cumulative results logged on the printer or to disc at the end of the
test period.

35

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

BERT Testing

4. Set up the display as shown

RESULTS

opposite (on both HP 37717C's if end to
end).

The RESUL TS type can be changed during
the test period without interrupting the test.

The RESULTS

TIMING CONTROL

STORAGE selection enables the graphics.
To disable graphics select STORAGE
[OFF].

Start the Test (BERT Testing)

1. Press (on both HP 37717C's if end to end).
The measurement results and alarms are available on the display during

RUN/STOP

RESULTS

the test period.
The graphical measurement results and alarms are stored in non volatile memory for

viewing later on the display.
The test can be halted at any time by pressing .

GRAPH

RUN/STOP

At the End of the Test (BERT Testing)

• The Date and Time the test started and the instrument setup are logged on the

selected logging device.

• All results are logged on the selected logging device at 10 minute intervals.

• Any alarms which occur during the test period will be logged on a printer or disc.

• At the end of the test period a complete set of cumulative results are logged on

the printer or disc.

• A graphical record of the results during the test period can be viewed on the

GRAPH

display. If Remote Control option A3B or A3D is fitted the graph results
can be logged to an external printer, at a later date. SeeGraphics and External HP
550C DeskJet Printer in the Mainframe Operating Manua.

• Results and Alarm summaries can be viewed on the display.

GRAPH

36

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

BERT Testing

The total graphics store capacity is normally 20,000 events. If GRAPH STORAGE
RESOLUTION [FULL] is selected on the display

OTHER

MISCELLANEOUS

the capacity reduces to 10,000 events.
The resolution, determined by the selection made under STORAGE on the

RESULTS

TIMING CONTROL

display, affects the ZOOM capability when
viewing the bar graphs. If 1 SECOND is selected all resolutions are available under
ZOOM. If 1 MIN is selected only 1 MIN/BAR, 15 MINS/BAR and 60 MINS/BAR
are available.If 15 MINS is selected only 15 MINS/BAR and 60 MINS/BAR are
available. If 1 HOUR is selected only 60 MINS/BAR is available.

Up to 10 sets of graphical results can be stored. If an attempt is made to store more
than 10 sets of results, then a first in first out policy is operated and the oldest set of
results will be lost. If graphics are enabled and a test is run which exceeds the
remaining storage capacity, then some previously stored graphical results will be
lost.

T o prev ent accidental overwriting of pre viously stored results the graphics capability
should be disabled, when graphical results are not required, by selecting STORAGE
[OFF] on the display.

RESULTS

TIMING CONTROL

37

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Cross Multiplexer Testing

Cross Multiplexer Testing

Options Required Structured PDH UKJ (USA)or UKN (USE)

Application

For comprehensive testing of network equipment it is essential that the test
equipment can multiplex/demultiplex the test signal.

The insertion of tributary signals into the PDH multiplexer, which are then
multiplexed into the 140 Mb/s PDH structure should take place without introducing
errors. The insertion and structuring process is tested by adding a test pattern to the
tributary inserted at the tributary insert port. At the high rate side of the PDH
multiplexer the tributary is destructured and a BER test performed.

By using a protected monitor point at the high rate side of the PDH multiplexer the
mux/demux need not be taken out of service.

Default (Known State) Settings

It is advisable to set the HP 37717C to a known state before setting up a
measurement. This clears all previous settings and provides a clearly defined
instrument state. For a list of Default Settings and the procedure for accessing them
see Stored Settings in the Mainframe Operating Manua.

Cross Multiplexer Testing Test Setup Procedure

In this setup a 2 Mb/s Framed tributary, containing a test pattern, is inserted at the
tributary insert port of the PDH multiplexer. The 140 Mb/s structured PDH signal is
obtained from a protected monitor point. The 2 Mb/s tributary is destructured by the
HP 37717C test set and an Error measurement is performed on the 2 Mb/s tributary
test pattern.

A SINGLE test period of 24 HOURS is used and the printer is enabled to record
results and alarms.

The HP 37717C PDH/SDH test set GRAPHICS function is enabled. The graphical
results can be viewed on the display.

38

GRAPH

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Cross Multiplexer Testing

Cross Multiplexer Testing

1. Connect the HP 37717C to the network
equipment and set up the

SETTINGS CONTROL

OTHER

display as shown

opposite.

39

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Cross Multiplexer Testing

2. Set up the display as

TRANSMIT

shown opposite.
The PAYLOAD TYPE determines the

Framing, which is selected from the
softkey menu.

Selections of Framing and Code must
match those of the network equipment.

3. Set up the display

SETTINGS

RECEIVE

as shown opposite.

MAIN

The GAIN and EQUALIZER settings
should be set to optimize the received
signal.

4. Set up the display

STRUCTURED SETTINGS

RECEIVE

as shown

opposite.
The required 2 Mb/s test signal is selected

under 34Mb: 8Mb: 2Mb
2M Payload determines the test signal

framing and must match that of the
network equipment.

40

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Cross Multiplexer Testing

5. Select the logging device and set up the

OTHER

display, function,

LOGGING

as shown opposite.
WHEN [PERIOD EC>0] ensures results

are not logged on the selected logging
device when a print period is error free.

Continuity Check

Before running the test carry out a continuity test to verify the measurement path.

1. Set up the display as shown

RESULTS

opposite.

2. Press to start a

RUN/STOP

measurement.

3. Press error add three times

SINGLE

and check that the errors are recorded on
the display.

RESULTS

4. Press to stop the

RUN/STOP

measurement.

Start the Cross Multiplexer Test

1. Set up the display as shown

RESULTS

opposite.
G.821 Analysis results are displayed but

any of the other results can be viewed
without affecting the measurement.

41

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Cross Multiplexer Testing

If you do not require stored graphics
results select STORAGE [OFF] on the

RESULTS

TIMING CONTROL

display.

2. Press to start the

RUN/STOP

measurement.

The following error results are available on the display during the test

RESULTS

period:

• 2 Mb/s - FAS, CRC, REBE and BIT

• 8, 34 and 140 Mb/s - FAS

The graphical measurement results and alarms are stored in non volatile memory for
viewing later on the display.

The test can be halted at any time by pressing .

GRAPH

RUN/STOP

At the End of the Test (Cross Multiplexer Testing)

• The Date and Time the test started and the instrument set-up are logged on the

logging device selected.

• Results are logged on the selected logging device at 1 hour intervals if the error

count is greater than 0.

• Any alarms which occur during the test period will be logged on the selected

logging device.

• At the end of the test period a complete set of cumulative results are logged on

the selected logging device.

• A graphical record of the results during the test period can be viewed on the

GRAPH

display. If Remote Control option A3B or A3D is fitted the graph results
can be logged to an external printer, at a later date. SeeGraphics and External HP
550C DeskJet Printer in the Mainframe Operating Manua.

• Results and Alarm summaries can be viewed on the display.

GRAPH

42

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Cross Multiplexer Testing

The total graphics store capacity is normally 20,000 events. If GRAPH STORAGE
RESOLUTION [FULL] is selected on the display

OTHER

MISCELLANEOUS

the capacity reduces to 10,000 events.
The resolution, determined by the selection made under STORAGE on the

RESULTS

TIMING CONTROL

display, affects the ZOOM capability when
viewing the bar graphs. If 1 SECOND is selected all resolutions are available under
ZOOM. If 1 MIN is selected only 1 MIN/BAR, 15 MINS/BAR and 60 MINS/BAR
are available.If 15 MINS is selected only 15 MINS/BAR and 60 MINS/BAR are
available. If 1 HOUR is selected only 60 MINS/BAR is available.

Up to 10 sets of graphical results can be stored. If an attempt is made to store more
than 10 sets of results, then a first in first out policy is operated and the oldest set of
results will be lost. If graphics are enabled and a test is run which exceeds the
remaining storage capacity, then some previously stored graphical results will be
lost.

T o prev ent accidental overwriting of pre viously stored results the graphics capability
should be disabled, when graphical results are not required, by selecting STORAGE
[OFF] on the display.

RESULTS

TIMING CONTROL

43

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

FAS Monitoring

FAS Monitoring

Options Required Structured PDH UKJ (USA) or UKN (USE), or Unstructured

PDH UKK (USB)
Alternatively for PDH / DSn with ATM payloads Option UKZ.

NOTE Option UKK (USB) - Unstructured PDH allows FAS Monitoring to be carried out at

2, 8, 34 and 140 Mb/s.
Option UKZ - allows FAS Monitoring to be carried out at DS1 and DS3 (Incorrect F
and M framing sequence) rates as well as at 2 and 34 Mb/s ETSI rates.

Application

Degradation in error performance can be detected by the occurrence of Frame
Alignment Signal (FAS) errors in PDH /DSn systems.

Using the HP 37717C in a receive only mode, FAS errors can be measured and
viewed on the display. In addition, the results can be logged on the
selected logging device for examination later.

RESULTS

Default (Known State) Settings

It can be advisable to set the HP 37717C to a known state prior to setting up to make
a measurement. This clears all previous settings and provides a clearly defined
instrument state. For a list of Default Settings and the procedure for accessing them
see Stored Settings.

Test Setup Procedure (FAS Monitoring)

This setup procedure is based on Structured PDH 140 Mb/s line traffic interfaced at
the line equipment protected Monitor point. If a protected Monitor Point is not
available then an HP 15510A Protective Probe may be used at an unprotected
Monitor point.

The instrument is used in a receive only mode to measure FAS Errors. A Timed Start
test period is used which allows the measurement to be started at a time when the
user would not normally be available.

All Error Ratio and Analysis results are logged on the selected logging device at 2
hour intervals and at the end of the test period. Occurrences of error seconds and

44

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

FAS Monitoring

alarms are logged on the selected logging device in real time.

PDH / DSn

FAS Monitoring

1. Connect the HP 37717C to the line
terminal equipment protected Monitor
point and set up the display

MAIN SETTINGS

RECEIVE

as shown opposite.

When Balanced F AS monitoring is desired
at an unprotected Monitor point use an HP
15511A Protective Monitor Probe.

The GAIN and EQUALIZER settings
should be set to optimize the received
signal.

45

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

FAS Monitoring

2. Set up the display

STRUCTURED SETTINGS

RECEIVE

as shown

opposite.
2M PAYLOAD Framing selection should

match that of the network equipment.

3. Set up the

OTHER

LOGGING

display as shown opposite.

Start the Test (FAS Monitoring)

Set up the display as shown

RESULTS

opposite.
The test period will begin at the START

time selected on the display.

RESULTS

The following error types can be monitored:

140 Mb/s - FAS (Short Term, Cumulative and G.821 Analysis)4 Mb/s- FAS

46

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

FAS Monitoring

(Short Term, Cumulative and G.821 Analysis)
8 Mb/s - FAS (Short Term, Cumulative and G.821 Analysis)
2 Mb/s - FAS, CRC and REBE (Short Term, Cumulative and G.821 Analysis)

• Any occurrence of Alarms or Error Seconds during the test period are logged on

the selected logging device.

• Cumulative and Period versions of Error Results and Analysis Results are logged

on the selected logging device at 1 hour intervals.

• The test can be halted at any time by pressing .

RUN/STOP

At the End of the Test

Cumulative and Period versions of Error Results and Analysis Results are logged on
the selected logging device.

47

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Frequency Measurement

Frequency Measurement

Options Required Structured PDH UKJ (USA) or UKN (USE), or Unstructured

PDH UKK (USB)
Alternatively for PDH / DSn with ATM payloads Option UKZ.

Application

The clock frequency and the amount of offset from the ITU standard rate can be
measured to give an indication of probability of errors. The measurement can be
made in out of service or monitor mode and is generally of short duration.

Default (Known State) Settings

It can be advisable to set the HP 37717C to a known state prior to setting up to make
a measurement. This clears all previous settings and provides a clearly defined
instrument state. For a list of Default Settings and the procedure for accessing them
see Stored Settings.

Test Setup Procedure (Frequency Measurement)

If measuring frequency at PDH rates one of the following options is required.

• UKJ (USA), UKN (USE), UKK (USB) or UKL - Modules with PDH capability.

• UKZ - Module with PDH / DSn capability

If measuring frequency at SDH rates the following options must be fitted:

• US1 (US5) or A1T (A1U) - SDH Module (STM-1 electrical)

• UH1 or UH2 or URU (STM-1 or STM-4 optical)

If measuring on live traffic the measurement is interfaced at the line terminal
equipment Monitor point.

The HP 37717C is used in a receive only mode to measure the PDH / DSn
frequency. The PDH / DSn frequency is measured and compared with the internal
ITU standard frequency selected

48

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Frequency Measurement

.

Figure 1 Frequency Measurement

1. Select SIGNAL [8 Mb/s] on the

RECEIVE

display.

For frequency measurement PATTERN;
TERMINATION and CODE are not
relevant.

2. Select

FREQUENCY

RESULTS

PDH

.

49

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Frequency Measurement

Run the Test (Frequency Measurement)

Connect the PDH / DSn IN port to the line
terminal equipment monitor point.

The measured frequency and amount of
offset from the internal standard is
displayed.

If the PDH / DSn frequency is different
from the selected BIT RATE the error
message Unable to recover clock appears
on the display. A FREQ reading is
displayed but this should be ignored.

At the End of the Test (Frequency Measurement)

Disconnect the HP 37717C from the line terminal equipment.

50

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Frequency Offset Tolerance

Frequency Offset Tolerance

Application

The capability of the network equipment to reliably recover the clock is tested by
varying the clock rate of the generated data and checking for the occurrence of
transmission errors.

The measurement can be made via a loopback or in a cross-multiplexer
configuration, and is generally of short duration.

The ITU G.703 Recommendation for Clock Tolerance is:

• DS1 1.544 Mb/s ± 32 ppm

• E1 2.048 Mb/s ± 50 ppm

• E2 8.448 Mb/s ± 30 ppm

• E3 34.368 Mb/s ± 20 ppm

• DS3 44.736 Mb/s ± 20 ppm

• E4 139.264 Mb/s ± 15 ppm

In SDH systems if the master timing reference is lost a standby reference within 20
ppm can be used for a limited time:

• STM-1 155.520 Mb/s ± 20 ppm

• STM-4 622.080 Mb/s ± 20 ppm.

Default (Known State) Settings

It can be advisable to set the HP 37717C to a known state prior to setting up to make
a measurement. This clears all previous settings and provides a clearly defined
instrument state. For a list of Default Settings and the procedure for accessing them
see Stored Settings in the Mainframe Operating Manual.

Test Setup Procedure (Frequency Offset Tolerance)

If checking frequency offset tolerance at PDH /DSn rates one of the following
options is required.

• UKJ (USA) UKN (USE), or UKK (USB) - Modules with PDH capability

• UKZ - Module with PDH / DSn capability.

51

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Frequency Offset Tolerance

If checking frequency offset tolerance at SDH rates one of the following options
must be fitted:

• US1 (US5) or A1T (A1U) - SDH Module (STM-1 electrical)

• UH1 or UH2 or URU (STM-1 or STM-4 optical)

This setup procedure tests the clock recovery capability of the line terminal
equipment at 34 Mb/s using a PRBS pattern connected to the 75Ω interface. The
frequency of the generated data is offset and the data is looped back and monitored
for errors.

Figure 2 Frequency Offset Tolerance Test

1. Set up the

CONTROL

OTHER

SETTINGS

display as shown below.

Any settings change made on the

TRANSMIT

or displays will

RECEIVE

automatically occur on the other.

52

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Frequency Offset Tolerance

2. Set up the display as shown

RECEIVE

opposite.
Select the PATTERN required from the

menu.

3. Set up the display as shown

RESULTS

opposite.
Any of the other results can be selected

without affecting the measurement.

Continuity Check

Before running the test carry out a continuity test to verify the measurement path.

1. Connect a loopback at the desired point on the line terminal or cross-multiplexer
equipment.

2. Press to start a measurement.

3. Press error add three times and check that the errors are recorded on the

RESULTS

4. Press to stop the measurement.

RUN/STOP

SINGLE

display.

RUN/STOP

53

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Frequency Offset Tolerance

Run the Test (Frequency Offset Tolerance)

1. Connect the HP 37717C to the 75Ω
interface of the multiplexer and set up the

TRANSMIT

2. Press to start the

display as shown opposite.

RUN/STOP

measurement.

3. Select TX CLOCK OFFSET [+20ppm] and check that the Error Count and Error
Ratio results are unchanged.

4. Select TX CLOCK OFFSET [-20ppm] and check that the Error Count and Error
Ratio results are unchanged.

NOTE The OFFSET values used above conform to ITU, G.703 Recommendation. If

different values are required selection of [USER OFFSET] allows offsets of up to

100 ppm to be used.

At the End of the Test

1. Halt the test by pressing , and disconnect the HP 37717C.

RUN/STOP

2. Remove the loopback from the line terminal or cross-multiplexer equipment.

54

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Multiplexer Testing

Multiplexer Testing

Application

PDH multiplexers combine four lower rate signals into a higher rate signal for
transmission or further multiplexing. It is important that each multiplexer port
operates error free and no "crosstalk" occurs between ports.

Multiplexing of the tributaries can be verified by performing a BER test at each of
the four ports. However a more rigorous test involves loading all four ports to
simulate live traffic conditions. This verifies the individual ports and detects any
crosstalk problems between the ports.

Default (Known State) Settings

It is advisable to set the HP 37717C to a known state before setting up a
measurement. This clears all previous settings and provides a clearly defined
instrument state. For a list of Default Settings and the procedure for accessing them
see Stored Settings.

Multiplexer Test Setup Procedure

The following Options must be fitted to the HP 37717C to perform this test:

• UHC (US6) - Multiple Outputs

• UKJ (USA) or UKK (USB) - PDH Module

In this setup the PDH OUT signal and the three additional data outputs, from the
Multiple Outputs option, load the 34 Mb/s input ports of the multiplexer. The HP
37717C (Structured PDH Option UKJ (USA)) destructures the 140 Mb/s signal and
a BER test is performed on each of the 34 Mb/s signals in turn.

A SINGLE test period of 15 Minutes is used and the selected logging device is
enabled to record results and alarms.

55

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Multiplexer Testing

Figure 3 Structured PDH Multiplexer Test

NOTE This test can be performed using the Unstructured PDH Option UKK (USB) but the

equipment configuration is slightly different as shown below.

Figure 4 Unstructured PDH Multiplexer Test

56

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Multiplexer Testing

1. Connect the HP 37717C to the network
equipment and set up the

SETTINGS CONTROL

OTHER

display as shown

opposite.

2. Set up the display

MAIN SETTINGS

TRANSMIT

as shown opposite.

PAYLOAD TYPE, PATTERN and PRBS
POLARITY selections should meet the
requirements of the network equipment.

3. Set up the display MAIN

RECEIVE

SETTINGS as shown below.
PAYLOAD TYPE [STRUCTURED]

ensures the 140 Mb/s signal is destructured
into the four 34 Mb/s test signals

57

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Multiplexer Testing

4. Set up the display

STRUCTURED SETTINGS

RECEIVE

as shown

opposite.
The required 34 Mb/s test signal is

selected under 34Mb.

5. Select the logging output required with

OTHER

the display,
function, LOGGING SETUP

LOGGING

DEVICE

then select LOGGING SETUP

CONTROL

and set up the display as

shown opposite.

Start the Multiplexer Test

1. Set up the display as shown

RESULTS

opposite.

2. Press to start the

RUN/STOP

measurement.

3. Repeat the test for the other three 34
Mb/s signals, selectable on the

STRUCTURED SETTINGS

RECEIVE

display.

G.821 ANALYSIS is selected but any of
the other results can be selected from the
softkey menu without affecting the
measurement.

• The measurement results and alarms are available on the display

RESULTS

58

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Multiplexer Testing

during the test period.

• The test can be halted at any time by pressing .

RUN/STOP

At the End of the Multiplexer Test

• The Date and Time the test started and the instrument setup are logged on the

selected logging device.

• All results are logged on the selected logging device at the end of the test.

• Any alarms which occur during the test period will be logged on the selected

logging device.

59

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Round Trip Delay

Round Trip Delay

Application

In certain applications the time taken for a signal to pass through the network can be
very important for example Voice Traffic where excessive delay can make speech
difficult to understand. The Round Trip delay feature of the HP 37717C allows
measurement of the delay at any interface or test signal rate.

Default (Known State) Settings
It can be advisable to set the HP 37717C to a known state prior to setting up to make

a measurement. This clears all previous settings and provides a clearly defined
instrument state. For a list of Default Settings and the procedure for accessing them
see Stored Settings in the Mainframe Operating Manual.

Test Setup Procedure (Round Trip Delay)

The following Option must be fitted to the HP 37717C to perform this test:

• UKJ (USA) - Structured PDH Module
This setup is interfaced at 140 Mb/s with a test signal of 64 kb/s. A test pattern is

transmitted in the 64 kb/s slot and a timer is set running. A loopback is applied to the
network equipment to return the test signal. The received pattern stops the timer and
the Round Trip Delay is calculated.

Round Trip Delay

60

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Round Trip Delay

1. Connect the HP 37717C to the network
equipment as shown and set up the

OTHER

SETTINGS CONTROL

display

as shown opposite.
Any settings change made on the

TRANSMIT

or displays will

RECEIVE

automatically occur on the other.

2. Set up the display

MAIN SETTINGS

TRANSMIT

as shown opposite.

The SIGNAL rate and LINE CODE
settings must match those of the network
equipment.

Ensure that the TEST

TRANSMIT

FUNCTION display is set for bit errors.

3. Set up the display

STRUCTURED SETTINGS

TRANSMIT

as shown

opposite.
The 2M PAYLOAD selection determines

the Framing which should match that of
the network equipment.

The test 64 kb/s slot is selected under
34Mb; 8Mb; 2Mb; 64kb.

Continuity Check

Before running the test carry out a continuity test to verify the measurement path.

61

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Round Trip Delay

1. Connect a loopback at the desired point
on the line terminal equipment and set up
the display as shown opposite.

RESULTS

2. Press to start a

RUN/STOP

measurement.

3. Press error add three times

SINGLE

and check that the errors are recorded on
the display.

RESULTS

4. Press to stop the

RUN/STOP

measurement.

Start the Test (Round Trip Delay)

1. Set up the display as shown

RESULTS

opposite.
Select ACTION to start the test.

ON

The Round Trip Delay result is displayed
in milliseconds.

The delay measurement range is up to 2 seconds. The Resolution varies according to
the received rate:

• 2 Mb/s - 1µs

• 8, 34, 140 Mb/s - 10µs

• STM-1 - 0.5 ms

62

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

M2100, M2110, M2120 Analysis

M2100, M2110, M2120 Analysis

Application

Previously ITU-T G.821 was the only international recommendation available to
measure the quality of a communications link. ITU-T G.821 was originally an “Out
of Service” measurement and analysis for commissioning a link and troubleshooting
during severe disruption. The commissioning test was a one month “Out of Service”
test based on errored and severely errored seconds. A one month test with the
subsequent loss of revenue is clearly unacceptable.

Due to demand ITU-T G.821 also evolved into proprietary methods for “In Service”
testing based on FAS and code errors. Demand for high quality leased lines meant
an “In Service” performance standard, closer to real conditions and allowing
comparisons between providers, was required.

The ITU-T M.2100 series was specifically defined to provide a clear indication of
link quality, for service providers using long term performance analysis. “Bringing
into Service” and “repair criteria” analysis were also included.

M.2100 analysis is based on frame errors and provides Error Seconds (anomaly),
Severely Errored Seconds (defect) and Unavailability results for receive and
transmit directions. Transmit results are only av ailable for 2 Mb/s signals with CRC
framing. “Out of Service” testing is only available for the recei v e direction. M.2110
is an “Out of Service” measurement for “bringing into service” testing of paths. A
15 minute BER test (G.821) is performed and if this is error free a 24 hour M.2110
test is performed. If the 24 hour M.2110 test displays PASS (S1 limit not reached)
the path can be returned to service. If FAIL is displayed (S2 limit reached or
exceeded) the 15 minute BER test should be repeated, If m-d-;- (UNCERTAIN)is
displayed (result between the S1 and S2 limits) run the 7 day BIS test.

The PASS FAIL and UNCERTAIN parameters are determined by the S1 and S2
limits which are user selectable.

S2

BIS Objective (BISO)

S1

UNACCEPTABLE

REGION OF UNCERTAINTY

BRING INTO SERVICE

63

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

M2100, M2110, M2120 Analysis

Default (Known State) Settings

It can be advisable to set the HP 37717C to a known state prior to setting up to make
a measurement. This clears all previous settings and provides a clearly defined
instrument state. For a list of Default Settings and the procedure for accessing them
see Stored Settings in the Mainframe Operating Manual.

Test Setup Procedure M2110 Analysis

The following Option must be fitted to the HP 37717C to perform this test:

• UKJ - Structured PDH Module
This setup procedure is interfaced at 140 Mb/s, with a test signal of 2 Mb/s with

PCM30CRC framing.

1. Set up the

CONTROL

OTHER

display as shown opposite.

SETTINGS

Any settings change made on the

] or displays will

TRANSMIT

RECEIVE

automatically occur on the other.

2. Connect the HP 37717C to the line
equipment and set up the

MAIN SETTINGS

TRANSMIT

display as shown

opposite.
The settings of SIGNAL rate and LINE

CODE must match those of the network
equipment.

64

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

M2100, M2110, M2120 Analysis

3. Set up the display

STRUCTURED SETTINGS

TRANSMIT

as shown

opposite.
2M PAYLOAD selects the Framing which

must match that of the network equipment.

4. Set up the display as shown

RESULTS

opposite.

5. Press to start the

RUN/STOP

measurement.
At the end of the test period check that the

G.821 results are error free.

65

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

M2100, M2110, M2120 Analysis

6. Set up the display as shown

RESULTS

opposite
Select the Path Allocation value required

in the range 0.5% to 40%.
The Path Allocation value determines the

S1 and S2 limits and these will change on
the display as the Path Allocation value is
changed.

7. Set up the display as shown

RESULTS

opposite.
Press to start the

RUN/STOP

measurement.

8. View the M.2110 results.
BIS Results of PASS, FAIL and m-d-;-

(uncertain) are possible.
If P ASS is displayed (S1 limit not reached)

the path may be returned to service
immediately.

If FAIL is displayed (S2 limit reached or
exceeded) repeat the BER (G.821) test.

If m-d-;- is displayed (result between the
S1 and S2 limits) run the 7 day BIS test.

66

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Monitoring DS3 with ATM Payloads

Monitoring DS3 with ATM Payloads

Option Required DS1, DS3, E1 and E3 Transmit and Receive Interfaces for ATM

Payloads. Option UKZ
Connect the HP 37717C RECEIVE DS3

IN to the network monitor point, select
the display and DS3 rate.

RECEIVE

Select the convergence layer, Direct or
PLCP.

RESULTS

Select for the physical
and convergence layer results.

PDH

67

PDH / DSn Testing With The HP 37717C

Monitoring DS3 with ATM Payloads

RESULTS

Select ALARM

PDH

SECONDS to display the physical and
convergence layer alarms.

Information on cell level testing is given in “The ATM Operating Manual”.

68

Index

A

Alarm generation selection, 17
Alarm Monitoring, 26
Alarm scan display, 28
Alarm seconds display, 28
Analysis of N X 64 kb/s, 29

B

B/G Pattern, 13
BERT Testing, 33
Binary Interfaces, Option UH3 (US7)

Display Selections, 22
Module Information, 7

C

Code, 10, 11, 15, 19
Convergence sub-layer selection, 16
Coupled Settings, 64
Cross Multiplexer Testing, 38

D

Default Settings, 64
Drop 2Mb/s, 12
DS1, DS3, E1 and E3 Interfaces for ATM

Payloads, Option UKZ
Display Selections, 15
Module Information, 5

E

E1, E3 and E4 Interfaces for ATM Pay-

loads,OptionUKN
Display Selections, 19

E1, E3 and E4 Interfaces for ATM Pay-

loads. Option UKN
Module Information, 6

E1, E3 and E4 Tx and Rx Interfaces for

ATM Payloads, Option UKN
Module Information, 6

End to End BERT Testing, 33
Error add selection, 17
Error Add Test Function, 14

F

FAS Monitoring, 44
Framing 2Mb/s, 10
Frequency Measurement, 48
Frequency Offset, 9, 11, 15, 19
Frequency Offset Tolerance, 51

G

Graph

Storage resolution selection, 37

H

Handset, 13

I

In Service., 10
Insert 2Mb/s, 12
Introduction to PDH, 2

L

Live Traffic., 10
Loopback BERT Testing, 34

M

M2100, M2110, M2120 Analysis, 63
Monitor Equalizer, 14
Monitor Gain, 14
Multiple PDH Outputs, Option UHC

Module Information, 8

Multiplexer Testing, 55

N

N X 64kb/s, 13
Numbered, 13

O

Out Of Service, 10

P

Pattern, 10, 11, 13
Payload Type, 11
Payload Type 2Mb/s Framing, 12
Payload Type Framed, 11
Payload Type Structured, 12, 16
Payload Type Unframed, 11
PRBS Polarity, 11, 13

R

Receive and transmit settings linked, 30
Round Trip Delay, 60

S

Scrambling selection, 16
Settings Coupled, 64
Storage resolution selection, 37

Structured PDH, 11
Structured PDH , Options UKJ or UKN

Display Selections, 11
Module Information, 11

Structured PDH Multiplexer Test, 56

T

Termination, 10, 11, 15, 19
Test Function, 14, 17
Test Mode, 10
Test Signal, 12
Timeslot selection, 30
Trail trace selection, 16
Transmit and receive settings linked, 30

U

Unstructured PDH Multiplexer Test, 56
Unstructured PDH, Option UKK

Display Selections, 9
Module Information, 3

DRAFT 69

Index

70 DRAFT

Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service Offices

Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service Offices

United States:

Hewlett-Packard Company
2101 Gaither Road
Rockville
MD 20850
[phone]

Hewlett-Packard Company
5201 Tollview Drive
Rolling Meadows
IL 60008
[phone]

Hewlett-Packard Company
1421 S. Manhattan Avenue
Fullerton
CA 92631
[phone]

Hewlett-Packard Company
2000 South Park Place
Atlanta
GA 30339
[phone]

Japan:

Yokogawa-Hewlett-Packard Ltd.
Measurement Assistance Center
9-1, Takakura-Cho
Hachioji-Shi
Tokyo 192
Japan
(81) 426 48 0722

Latin America:

Hewlett-Packard
Latin America Region Headquarters
5200 Blue Lagoon Drive
9th Floor
Miami
Florida 33126
USA
[phone]/4220

Australia/New Zealand:

Canada:

Hewlett-Packard Canada Ltd.
5150 Spectrum Way
Mississauga
Ontario
L4W 5G1
[phone]

Europe:

Hewlett-Packard
European Marketing Centre
PO Box 999
1180 AZ Amstelveen
The Netherlands

Hewlett-Packard Australia Ltd.
31-41 Joseph Street
Blackburn
Victoria 3130
Australia
Melbourne Caller 272 2555
(008) 13 1347

Far East:

Hewlett-Packard Pacific Ltd.
22-30/F Peregrine Tower
Lippo Centre
89 Queensway
Central
Hong Kong
[phone]

Learning Products Map

All of the learning products which apply to the HP 37717C Communications Performance Analyzer with ATM
Services and LAN testing capability are shown below:

The HP 37717C Mainframe Operating Manual- 37717-90282

General operating information irrespective of option.

The HP 37717C PDH / DSn Operating Manual - 37717-90283

Information about the PDH / DSn modules, how to select the features available and measurement examples.

The HP 37717C SDH / SONET Operating Manual - 37717-90284

Information about the SDH / SONET modules, how to select the features available and measurement examples.
This book also contains a table of ANSI / ETSI equivalent terms.

The HP 37717C Jitter Operating Manual - 37717-90285

Information about the Jitter modules, how to select the features available and measurement examples.

The HP 37717C ATM + LAN Operating Manual - 37717-90286

Information about the ATM and LAN modules, how to select the features available and measurement exam­ples. This book also contains tutorial information on some ATM and LAN measurements, Information on pre­stored sequences and a glossary of ATM and LAN terms.

Calibration Manual - 37717-90287:

Provides specifications and methods of testing that the instrument meets its specifications.

Remote Control Manual - 37717-90288:

Provides remote control information for instruments fitted with the RS232 and HP-IB remote control option
modules.

About This Edition

This is the 1st edition of
the 37717-90283 manual.
It documents the product
as of September 1997.
Edition dates are as
follows:

1st Edition, September
1997

 Copyright Hewlett­Packard Ltd. 1997.
All rights reserved.
Reproduction, adaption,
or translation without prior
written permission is
prohibited, except as
allowed under the
copyright laws.

In This Book

This book provides information on HP 37717C
modules with PDH / DSn capability when used
with instruments which have ATM Services
and LAN testing capability. It also provides
applications associated with these modules.
The individual applications contain techniques
which may be of value for purposes other than
those shown.

Printed in U.K. 09/97
37717-90283