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AEMC 6470-B Operating Manual

DIGITAL GROUND RESISTANCE
AND SOIL RESISTIVITY TESTER
6470-B
ENGLISH
User Manual
Statement of Compliance
Chauvin Arnoux®, Inc. d.b.a. AEMC® Instruments certifies that this instrument has been calibrated using standards and instruments traceable to international standards.
We guarantee that at the time of shipping your instrument has met its published specifications.
An NIST traceable certificate may be requested at the time of purchase, or obtained by returning the instrument to our repair and calibration facility, for a nominal charge.
The recommended calibration interval for this instrument is 12 months and begins on the date of receipt by the customer. For recalibration, please use our calibration services. Refer to our repair and calibration section at www.aemc.com.
Serial #: ________________________________
Catalog #: ______________________________
Model #: 6470-B
Please fill in the appropriate date as indicated:
Date Received: _________________________________
Date Calibration Due: _______________________
Chauvin Arnoux®, Inc. d.b.a AEMC® Instruments
www.aemc.com
READ CAREFULLY BEFORE
USING FOR THE FIRST TIME
Your instrument is equipped with a NiMH battery. This technology offers several advantages:
• Long battery charge life for a limited volume and weight.
• Possibility of quickly recharging your battery.
• Signicantlyreducedmemoryeffect:youcanrechargeyour
battery even if it is not fully discharged.
• Respectfortheenvironment:nopollutantmaterialssuchaslead
or cadmium, in compliance with the applicable regulations.
After prolonged storage, the battery may be completely discharged. If so, it must be completely recharged.
Your instrument may not function during part of this recharging operation.
Full recharging of a completely discharged battery may take several hours.
NOTE: In this case, at least 5 charge/discharge cycles will be necessary for your battery to recover 95% of its capacity.
To make the best possible use of your battery and extend its effective service life:
• Only use the charger supplied with your instrument. Use of another charger may be dangerous.
• Only charge your instrument at temperatures between 0° and 40°C.
• Complywiththeconditionsofusedenedintheoperatingmanual.
• Complywiththestorageconditionsspeciedintheoperating
manual.
NiMH technology allows a limited number of charge/discharge cycles depending
signicantly on:
• The conditions of use.
• The charging conditions.
Please refer to § 9 for correct replacement of the battery.
Do not dispose of the battery pack with other solid waste. Used batteries
must be entrusted to a qualied recycling company or to a company
specialized in processing hazardous materials.
Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................. 6
1.1 International Electrical Symbols ...........................................................7
1.2 Denition of Measurement Categories .................................................7
1.3 Receiving Your Shipment .....................................................................7
1.4 Ordering Information ............................................................................7
1.4.1 Kits, Accessories and Replacement Parts ..............................8
2. PRODUCT FEATURES ......................................................................... 9
2.1 Description ...........................................................................................9
2.2 Key Features ......................................................................................10
2.3 Control Features ................................................................................11
2.4 Display ...............................................................................................12
2.5 Button Functions ................................................................................14
3. SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................. 15
3.1 Reference Conditions.........................................................................15
3.2 Electrical .............................................................................................15
3.2.1 Frequency Measurements ....................................................15
3.2.2 Voltage Measurements .........................................................15
3.2.3 DC Resistance Measurements .............................................16
3.2.4 AC Earth/Ground Resistance Measurements .......................17
3.2.5 Soil Resistivity Measurement ρ ............................................18
3.3 Data Storage ......................................................................................20
3.4 Power .................................................................................................20
3.5 Mechanical .........................................................................................21
3.6 Environmental ....................................................................................21
3.7 Safety .................................................................................................21
4. OPERATION ..................................................................................... 22
4.1 General Operating Instructions ..........................................................22
4.1.1 Automatic Mode ....................................................................22
4.1.2 Manual (Expert) Mode ..........................................................22
4.2 Instrument Conguration (SET-UP mode) .........................................23
Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B
3
5. AUTOMATIC MODE .......................................................................... 24
5.1 Switching the Test Voltage .................................................................24
5.2 Resistance Measurement mΩ (2-Wire) ..............................................24
5.2.1 Lead Compensation Measurement ......................................25
5.2.2 Alarm Function ......................................................................26
5.3 Resistance Measurement mΩ (4-Wire) ..............................................27
5.4 Earth/Ground Measurement (3-Pole) .................................................28
5.4.1 62% Method ..........................................................................28
5.4.2 Full Method ...........................................................................30
5.4.3 Recommendations for a Reliable Measurement ...................31
5.5 Earth/Ground Measurement (4-Pole) .................................................32
5.6 Soil Resistivity Measurements (ρ Position) ........................................34
5.6.1 Advantages/Disadvantages of Wenner & Schlumberger ......34
5.6.2 Changing the Measurement Method.....................................35
5.6.3 Programming the Distance for Electrode Placement ............35
5.6.4 Wenner Method ....................................................................36
5.6.5 Schlumberger Method...........................................................37
6. MANUAL MODE ............................................................................... 39
6.1 Switching the Test Voltage .................................................................39
6.2 Measurement Frequency Selection ...................................................40
6.3 Manual Settings for mΩ Measurements ............................................40
6.3.1 Continuity Test ......................................................................41
6.4 3-Pole Earth/Ground Measurements & Coupling ................................ 41
6.4.1 3-Pole Earth/Ground Measurements ....................................41
6.4.2 Earth/Ground Coupling Measurements ................................41
6.5 4-Pole Earth/Ground Measurements .................................................43
6.6 Soil Resistivity Measurements ...........................................................43
6.7 Smoothing ..........................................................................................43
7. MEMORY FUNCTION ........................................................................ 44
7.1 Saving Measurements into Memory...................................................44
7.2 Recalling Measurements from Memory .............................................45
7.3 Erasing Measurements from Memory ................................................45
7.3.1 Erasing All Measurements ....................................................45
7.3.2 Erasing Selective Measurements .........................................45
DATAVIEW® SOFTWARE ....................................................................... 47
8.1 Installing DataView
8.2 Connecting the Model 6470-B to your Computer ...............................51
4
® ...................................................................................................................................47
Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B
8.3 Establishing Communication to the Instrument ..................................51
8.4 The Ground Tester Control Panel ......................................................52
8.5 Conguring the Instrument .................................................................53
8.5.1 DC Continuity Test
8.5.2 3-Pole Ground Resistance Test
8.5.3 4-Pole Ground Resistance
8.5.4 4-Pole Soil Resistivity
8.6 Tools Menu .........................................................................................58
8.6.1 Tools > Options .....................................................................58
8.6.2 Tools > Colors .......................................................................58
8.6.3 Tools > Recover Data ...........................................................58
8.7 Starting a Test ....................................................................................58
8.8 Downloading Data to Database .........................................................58
8.8.1 Session Properties ................................................................59
8.9 Exporting the Report to a PDF File ..................................................60
..............................................................54
..........................................55
..................................................56
.........................................................57
MAINTENANCE ................................................................................... 61
9.1 Maintenance.....................................................................................61
9.2 Cleaning ...........................................................................................61
9.3 Fuse Replacement ...........................................................................61
9.4 Recharging the Battery ....................................................................62
9.5 Replacing the Battery .......................................................................63
TROUBLESHOOTING ............................................................................ 65
10.1 Error Reporting.................................................................................65
10.1.1 Electrode Resistance Too High .............................................65
10.1.2 Out of Range.........................................................................65
10.1.3 Misconnection ......................................................................65
10.1.4 Out of Limits Indicators .........................................................66
10.1.5 Error Messages .....................................................................67
GLOSSARY OF TERMS ......................................................................... 68
Basic Terminologies ....................................................................................68
Glossary ......................................................................................................69
Repair and Calibration.................................................................................72
Technical and Sales Assistance ..................................................................72
Limited Warranty .........................................................................................73
Warranty Repairs ........................................................................................73
Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B
5
CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

These safety warnings are provided to ensure the safety of personnel. Please read and comply with these precautions:
• This instrument is protected from accidental voltages of not more than
50V with respect to earth in measurement CAT IV. The guaranteed level of protection of this equipment may be compromised if used in a manner
not specied by the manufacturer.
• Safety is the responsibility of the operator.
• All metal objects or wires connected to the electrical system should be
assumed to be lethal until tested. Grounding systems are no exception.
• Never exceed the maximum rated voltage and current, and the mea-
surement category.
• Never exceed the protection limits, and always comply with the condi­tions and place of use, indicated in the specications.
• Do not use the instrument or its accessories if they appear damaged.
• Use accessories that have overvoltage category and service voltages
greater than or equal to those of the instrument (CAT IV 50V). Use only
accessories that comply with safety standards (IEC 61010-2-031 & 32).
• Wear the appropriate protective gear (insulating boots and gloves).
• Check that no terminal is connected and the switch is set to OFF before
opening the device.
• Use only the charging unit supplied with the instrument to recharge the battery.
• Troubleshooting and metrological verication procedures must only be performed by qualied, approved personnel, or the factory.
• NOTE:The potentials on the various rods used for an earth measurement may be different if a nearby electrical installation is defective or certain weather conditions prevail (thunderstorms). It is up to the operator to decide whether to continue or postpone measurements in these situations.
WARNING
6
Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B

1.1 International Electrical Symbols

Signifies that the instrument is protected by double or reinforced insulation.
This symbol on the instrument indicates a WARNING that the operator must refer to the user manual for instructions before operating the instrument. In this manual, the symbol preceding instructions indicates that if the instructions are not followed, bodily injury, installation/sample and/or product damage may result.
Risk of electric shock. The voltage at the parts marked with this symbol may be dangerous.
Ground/Earth symbol
In conformity with WEEE 2002/96/EC
1.2 Definition of Measurement Categories
CATII: For measurements performed on circuits directly connected to the electrical
distribution system. Examples are measurements on household appliances or portable tools.
CATIII:
CATIV:For measurements performed at the primary electrical supply (<1000V) such
For measurements performed in the building installation at the distribution level
such as on hardwired equipment in xed installation and circuit breakers.
as on primary overcurrent protection devices, ripple control units, or meters.

1.3 Receiving Your Shipment

Upon receiving your shipment, make sure that the contents are consistent with the packing list. Notify your distributor of any missing items. If the equipment appears
to be damaged, le a claim immediately with the carrier and notify your distributor
at once, giving a detailed description of any damage. Save the damaged packing container to substantiate your claim.

1.4 Ordering Information

Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B ..................................... Cat. #2135.01
Includes carrying bag, 110/240V power adapter with US power cord, optical USB cable, rechargeable NiMH battery pack, and a USB stick with DataView® software, ground tester workbook and user manual.
Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B Kit (150 ft) .................. Cat. #2135.02
Includes meter, two carrying bags, two 150 ft color-coded leads on spools (red/blue), one 30 ft lead (green), two 5 ft color-coded leads (red/blue), 110/240V power adapter with US power
cord, optical USB cable, two T-shaped auxiliary ground electrodes, set of ve spaded lugs,
one 100 ft tape measure, rechargeable NiMH battery pack, and a USB stick with DataView® software, ground tester workbook and user manual.
Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B
7
Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B Kit (300 ft) .................. Cat. #2135.03
Includes meter, two carrying bags, two 300 ft color-coded leads on spools (red/blue), two 100 ft color-coded leads (hand-tied, green/black), two 5 ft color-coded leads (red/blue), 110/240V power adapter with US power cord, optical USB cable, four T-shaped auxiliary ground
electrodes, set of ve spaded lugs, one 100 ft tape measure, rechargeable NiMH battery
pack, and a USB stick with DataView® software, ground tester workbook and user manual.
Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B Kit (500 ft) .................. Cat. #2135.04
Includes meter, two carrying bags, two 500 ft color-coded leads on spools (red/blue), two 100 ft color-coded leads (hand-tied, green/black), one 30 ft lead (green), two 5 ft color­coded leads (red/blue), 110/240V power adapter with US power cord, optical USB cable,
four T-shaped auxiliary ground electrodes, set of ve spaded lugs, one 100 ft tape measure,
rechargeable NiMH battery pack, and a USB stick with DataView® software, ground tester workbook and user manual.

1.4.1 Kits, Accessories and Replacement Parts

Test Kit for 3-Pole (3-Point) Testing (150 ft) .................................Cat. #2135.35
Includes one carrying bag, two 150 ft color-coded leads on spools (red/blue), one 30 ft lead (green), two 5 ft color-coded leads (red/blue), two T-shaped auxiliary ground electrodes, set
of ve spaded lugs and one 100 ft tape measure.
Test Kit for 4-Pole (4-Point) Testing (300 ft) .................................Cat. #2135.36
Includes one carrying bag, two 300 ft color-coded leads on spools (red/blue), two 100 ft color­coded leads (hand-tied, green/black), two 5 ft color-coded leads (red/blue), four T-shaped
auxiliary ground electrodes, set of ve spaded lugs and one 100 ft tape measure.
Test Kit for 4-Pole (4-Point) Testing (500 ft) .................................Cat. #2135.37
Includes one carrying bag, two 500 ft color-coded leads on spools (red/blue), two 100 ft color-coded leads (hand-tied, green/black), one 30 ft lead (green), two 5 ft color-coded leads
(red/blue), four T-shaped auxiliary ground electrodes, set of ve spaded lugs and one 100 ft
tape measure.
Test Kit for 3-Pole (3-Point) Testing
(Supplemental for 4-Pole (4-Point) Testing) ............................................. Cat. #2135.38
Includes one carrying bag, two 100 ft color-coded leads (hand-tied, green/black), one 30 ft
lead (green), two T-shaped auxiliary ground electrodes, set of ve spaded lugs and one 100
ft tape measure.
Extra Large Classic Tool Bag ...........................................................Cat. #2133.73
Tape Measure (100 ft) ......................................................................Cat. #2130.60
Ground Tester DVD/Workbook Set ...................................................Cat. #2130.64
Set of Two, 14.5" T-shaped Auxiliary Ground Electrodes ................. Cat. #2135.39
Replacement - Carrying Bag for Meter ............................................. Cat. #2135.40
Optical USB Cable............................................................................Cat. #2135.41
Inverter – 12VDC to 120VAC 200 Watt for vehicle use ......................Cat. #2135.43
Replacement - Fuse, set of 5, 0.63A 250V 5x10 1.5kA .................... Cat. #2135.81
Rechargeable NiMH 9.6V Battery Pack ...........................................Cat. #2960.21
Replacement - Power Adapter 110/240V & Power Cord 115V US ... Cat. #5000.13
Power Cord 115V US .......................................................................Cat. #5000.14
8
Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B
CHAPTER 2

PRODUCT FEATURES

2.1 Description

The Digital Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B is a portable measurement
instrument designed to measure Ground Resistance, Soil Resistivity (two methods
– Wenner and Schlumberger), Bonding Resistance (DC Resistance 2-Wire and 4-Wire Kelvin sensing) and Earth Coupling resistance. This direct reading tester
measures from 0.01 to 99.99kΩ and is auto-ranging, automatically seeking out the optimum measurement range and test current.
Easy-to-use – simply connect the leads, select the test mode, press Start and read
the results. Up to 512 test results can be stored in internal memory for later recall to the display or downloaded to a PC via DataView® software.
The large LCD is easy-to-read and indicates ground electrode resistance, test
voltage, current and frequency as well as individual electrode resistance, battery status and more.
The Model 6470-B is CAT IV rated to 50V and is over voltage protected to more than 250VAC against accidental connection to live circuits. The voltage is also dis­played on screen. In the event of a system fault, the Model 6470-B can withstand
250VAC.
Additional features of the Model 6470-B include a heavy-duty eld case sealed
against dust and water when closed (the test button is also sealed against the elements); manual and automatic test frequency selection from 40 to 513Hz; user
selectable 3-Pole (3-Point) Fall of Potential or 4-Pole (4-Point) Soil Resistivity test methods and user selectable 2-Wire or 4-Wire Bond Resistance test method.
The Model 6470-B is powered by 9.6V, 3.5 Ah NiMH rechargeable batteries. An
external recharger powered from 120/230V 50/60Hz is included and provides for
testing while recharging. The Model 6470-B can also be vehicle powered from an
optional 12V battery adapter.
The Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B is rugged, easy-to-use and ideal for
maintenance crews performing numerous tests. It exceeds mechanical and safety
specications for shock, vibration and drop tests per IEC standards. The adjust-
able test frequency provides for rejection of high levels of interference, allowing it
to be used under difcult conditions such as high stray currents that normally affect
accuracy.
Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B
9

2.2 Key Features

• 2- and 4-Wire Bond Resistance/Continuity measurement (DC Resistance) with
automatic polarity reversal
• 3-Pole (3-Point) Fall-of-Potential measurement with manual or automatic
frequency selection
• 4-Pole (4-Point) Fall-of-Potential measurement for very low resistance
measurements with manual and automatic frequency selection and automatic lead compensation.
• 4-Pole (4-Point) Soil Resistivity measurement with automatic calculation of Rho (ρ) and user selection of the Wenner or Schlumberger test method
• 3-Pole (3-Point) Earth Coupling measurement
• Manual and automatic frequency scan from 40 to 513Hz for optimum test ac-
curacy in electrically noisy environments
• Selectable test voltage of 16 or 32V up to 250mA of test current
• Auto-off power management
• Automatic recognition of all electrode connections and their resistance value
• Stores up to 512 complete test results in internal memory
• Optically isolated USB communication
• Remote set up and operation of all measurements using DataView® software
supplied
• Automatic report generation
• Rechargeable NiMH batteries from wall charger or vehicle power
• Rugged dustproof and rainproof eld case – IP54 rated in closed position
• Grounding standards IEC 61557 parts 4 and 5 compliant
• Includes DataView® software for data storage, real-time display, analysis, re­port generation and system conguration
10
Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B

2.3 Control Features

1
7
2
3
4
5
6
Item
Description
1
Backlit LCD Display (see §2.4)
2
Battery charging connector
3
Input terminal H (Z) - auxiliary electrode
4
Input terminal S (Y) - auxiliary electrode
5
Input terminal ES (Xv) - auxiliary electrode
6
Input terminal E (X) - grounding electrode under test
7
Six program/ function buttons (see §2.5)
8
Optical interface connector for connection to a computer
9
Range selection switch
10
Start/Stop button
Figure 2-1
Ω
Ω
mΩ
GROUND TESTER
MODEL 6470-B
8
9
10
Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B
11

2.4 Display

The Model 6470-B’s display is a custom 256 segment multi-line backlit LCD.
External voltages will be displayed only on the small displays (A2 and A3) without the view of the main display (A1). This helps to rapidly recognize that these are measurements of external voltages.
Backlight: The backlight turns ON automatically when entering a function and turns OFF after the function is complete. Press the DISPLAY button to turn it back on.
In the Set-up mode (Instrument Configuration § 4.) pressing the DISPLAY button also selects the next configurable parameter.
A1
A2
12
A1
A2
A3
A3
Figure 2-2
Top main display
Middle small display
Bottom small display
Warning buzzer is activated
Communication port active
Indicates the battery charge condition; the segments represent the energy
Indicates that the secondary function of a button will be used
External voltage present - this symbol is activated when the instrument measures voltages above 60Vp
Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B
Indicates that the measurement is running in State 2 or instrument is
NOISE
working
MANUAL
AUTO
ALARM
REMOTE
MEM
MR
DISTANCE
CONFIG
SMOOTH
SWEEP
FREQUENCY
OBJ:TEST
Indicates MANUAL mode - the user has to stop the measurement, other­wise the measurement keeps on running
Indicates AUTO mode - measurement stops immediately after all results are available. In AUTO mode, the measurement frequency is automatically adjusted to the best available disturbance voltage rejection.
Symbol not used in Model 6470-B
Indicates the 2-Wire DC resistance; calculates the offset of the cable resistance into the result (5Ω max for offset value)
Symbol not used in Model 6470-B
Symbol not used in Model 6470-B
Symbol not used in Model 6470-B
Symbolizes the soil resistivity value (Rho): W or S indicates respectively that Wenner or Schlumberger method is used for the measurement (changed by the Hz/OPTIONS button)
Indicates the alarm is activated. An audible alarm will sound if the value measured is above the limit defined in the SET-UP mode.
Indicates the instrument is controlled remotely by the RS-232/USB inter­face. In this mode, all of the buttons and the rotary switch are inactive, except switching to the OFF position.
Indicates that there is recorded data in memory
Memory recall - displayed as long as this state is active
If blinking, indicates the measurement had a disturbance at the moment the measurement was started.
If blinking, indicates the value is ready to be overwritten with a new value or that a new value will be entered instead of “- - -”. If more than one
value has to be entered, the CHANGE   button moves to the next one.
Indicates that the blinking value of AUTO/MANUAL mode, frequency, volt­age or DC current direction can be changed.
Optional with a push on the 2nd button - sets a digital filter active
Symbol not used in Model 6470-B
Indicates the test frequency
Memory address
Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B
13

2.5 Button Functions

Starts a measurement and compensates for lead resistance (§ 5.2.1). A short push (<2s) enables a faster measurement because there is no
measurement of the auxiliary rod resistances.
START/STOP
A long push (>2s) - until the second beep occurs - enables the measure­ment of all auxiliary rod resistances.
Measurement stops automatically (AUTO) or is stopped by pressing this button again (MANUAL).
Selects the second function highlighted in yellow under the buttons.
Increases or decreases the value of the flashing parameter displayed or selects the next parameter. Press the button for a longer time to increase the change of value speed at a faster rate.
MEM/MR
DISPLAY/
SMOOTH
Hz/OPTIONS/
DISTANCE
Selects the parameter to be modified or moves the cursor to the right.
MEM: Stores measurements to memory (§ 7) MR: Retrieves measurements from memory.
DISPLAY: Displays all parameters of a measurement. SMOOTH: Smooths the display of measurement providing a more stable result.
Hz/OPTIONS: Enables configuration of measurement functions. DISTANCE: Available for soil resistivity and V potential measurements. It allows the setting of values of distances used for Rho (ρ) calculation.
14
Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B
CHAPTER 3

SPECIFICATIONS

3.1 Reference Conditions

Influencing Parameters Reference Values
Temperature 68°F ± 5.5°F (20°C ± 3°C)
Relative Humidity 45 to 55% RH
Power Supply 9 to 11.2V
Frequency Range of Input Signal 0 to 440Hz
Capacitance Parallel to Input Resistance 0 uF
Electric Field <1 V/m
Magnetic Field < 40 A/m
In the following sections, the intrinsic error is dened under the reference condi­tions and the operating error under the operating conditions in accordance with IEC 61557 (1.4 and 5).

3.2 Electrical

3.2.1 Frequency Measurements

MeasuringMethod: Digital with a sampling frequency of 4028Hz, low pass, FFT. The frequency of the strongest spectral component is displayed.
MeasuringRate:Display updates approx. 3 times per s.
Measurement Range 5 to 450Hz
Resolution 1Hz
Operating error ± 2Hz
Min. input voltage 10mV

3.2.2 Voltage Measurements

Overvoltages up to 75Vrms are displayed as ">65V". Permanent overvoltages between 70 and 75V at terminals H (Z) and E (X) can cause overheating of the overvoltage protection varistor.
Voltages of more than 75Vrms lead to error message 31 (excessive external voltage) or 32 (voltage measurement overrange).
If terminals H (Z) and E (X) are put into contact with the line voltage, the protection fuse will blow.
Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B
15
External Voltage Measurements
MeasuringMethod:Digital by sampling at 4028Hz, low pass lter, FFT.
The frequency of the strongest spectral component is displayed.
MeasuringRate: Display updates approx. 3 times per s.
Measured Range 0.00 to 9.99V 10 to 65V
Resolution 0.01V 0.1V
Intrinsic error ± (2% + 1ct)
Operating error ± (5% + 1ct)
Input impedance Z
Operating frequency DC and 15 to 440Hz
, Z
(Z
H-E
) 1.2MΩ
S-E
S-ES

3.2.3 DC Resistance Measurements

MeasuringMethod:Voltage/Current measurement (Standard EN 61557 part 4)
Nominal Output Voltage: 16VDC (if resistance < 22Ω the output voltage is
reduced to 10VDC)
MaxOutputCurrent:> 200mADC for resistances < 20Ω
MaxOverload(permanent):50Vrms (protection up to 250V is guaranteed)
MaxInductiveLoad:2 H
MaxInterferingVoltage:60Vpeak > 10Hz
TimeforAutoRangeSelecting:approx 5 s
MeasuringTime:8 s with automatic polarity inversion
MeasuringRate:3 per s in manual mode
LeadCompensation:Possible from 0 to 5Ω
AlarmSetting:“>” or “<” from 1 to 999Ω (max 3 digits)
2-Pole mΩ measurement
Measurement Range
Resolution 0.01Ω 0.1Ω 1Ω 10Ω 100Ω
Intrinsic error ± (2% + 2cts)
Operating error ± (5% + 3cts)
16
0.12 to
9.99Ω
10.0 to
99.9Ω
100 to
999Ω
Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B
1.00 to
9.99kΩ
10.0 to
99.9kΩ
4-Pole mΩ measurement
Measurement Range
Resolution 0.001Ω 0.01Ω 0.1Ω 1Ω 10Ω
Intrinsic error ± (2% + 2cts)
Operating error ± (5% + 5cts)
0.020 to
9.999Ω
10.00 to
99.99Ω
100.0 to
999.9Ω
1.000 to
9.999kΩ
10.00 to
99.99kΩ

3.2.4 AC Earth/Ground Resistance Measurements

MeasuringMethod: Voltage/Current measurement (EN 61557 part 5)
OpenCircuitVoltage: 16 or 32Vrms square wave (if current > 240mA the output
voltage is reduced to 10Vrms)
TestFrequency: Selectable from 41 to 513Hz (see table in § 6.2)
ShortCircuitCurrent: > 200mAAC
NoiseSuppression:> 80 dB for frequencies 20% or more above or below the
test frequency
Max.Overload:250Vrms
Max. Value for RH & RS:100kΩ
MeasuringTime: ShortpushonSTART:approx. 7 s for rst value of RE at 128Hz, then 3 measurements per s.
LongpushonSTART: approx. 15 s for rst value of RE at
128Hz, then 3 measurements per s.
The following error indications refer to reference conditions with a test voltage of 32V, test frequency of 128Hz, RH and RS = 1kΩ, no external voltage.
The operating error of AC resistance measurements can be less than that speci-
ed for voltage or current because frequency characteristics of the voltage channel
are matched to those of the current channel.
Measurement of auxiliary electrodes RH, RS, RES, RE
Measurement Range
Resolution 0.1Ω 0.1Ω 1Ω 10Ω 100Ω
Operating error ± (10% + 2cts)
0.14 to
9.99Ω
10.0 to
99.9Ω
100 to
999Ω
1.00 to
9.99kΩ
10.0 to
99.9kΩ
The START button must be pressed for more than 2 s. For frequencies between 41 and 256Hz, the resistance of the auxiliary earth electrodes is measured at the test frequency set. At higher frequencies the resistance is measured at 256Hz.
Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B
17
3-Pole earth resistance measurement RE
Measurement Range
0.09 to
9.99Ω
10.0 to
99.9Ω
100 to
999Ω
1.00 to
9.99kΩ
10.0 to
99.9kΩ
Resolution 0.01Ω 0.1Ω 1Ω 10Ω 100Ω
Intrinsic error ± (2% + 1ct)
Operating conditions: RE < 3 x RH, U
Values for RH, RS and RE Frequency (Hz)
(RH + RS) / RE
< 3000
(RH + RS) / RE
< 5000
Note: For a test voltage U
RH ≥ 0Ω, Rs ≤ 3kΩ 41 to 513 ± (3% + 2cts)
RH > 3kΩ, Rs ≤ 30kΩ 41 to 513 ± (10% + 2cts)
RH > 30kΩ, Rs < 100kΩ 41 to 128 ± (10% + 3cts)
of 16V, halve the value for RH.
OUT
4-Pole earth resistance measurement R
Measurement Range
0.011 to 9999Ω
10.00 to
99.99Ω
OUT
= 32V
E
100.0 to
999.9Ω
Operating error for R
1.000 to
9.999kΩ
10.00 to
99.99kΩ
Resolution 0.001Ω 0.01Ω 0.1Ω 1Ω 10Ω
Intrinsic error ± (2% + 1ct)
Operating conditions: RE < 3 x RH, U
Values for RH, RS and RE Frequency (Hz)
(RH + RS) / RE
< 3000
(RH + RS) / RE
< 5000
RH ≥ 0Ω, Rs ≤ 3kΩ 41 to 513 ± (3% + 2cts)
RH > 3kΩ, Rs ≤ 30kΩ 41 to 513 ± (10% + 2cts)
RH > 30kΩ, Rs < 100kΩ 41 to 128 ± (10% + 3cts)
Note:With a test voltage U
of 16V, halve the value of RH.
OUT
OUT
= 32V
Operating error for R
E
E

3.2.5 Soil Resistivity Measurement ρ

MeasuringMethod: Voltage/Current measurement (EN 61557 part 5)
OpenCircuitVoltage: 16 or 32Vrms square wave
TestFrequency: Selectable from 41 to 128Hz (see table in § 6.2)
ShortCircuitCurrent: > 200mAAC
NoiseSuppression:> 80 dB for frequencies 20% or more above or below the
test frequency
Max.Overload:250Vrms
18
Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B
Max.Value for RH, RS, RES, RE:100kΩ
CalculationFormula,Wenner: ρW = 2p d R
CalculationFormula,Schlumberger: ρS = (p (d2 - (A/2)²) / A) R
S-ES
S-ES
Maximum Value of ρ: 999kΩm (display in kΩft is not possible)
MeasuringTime: ShortpushonSTART:approx. 8 s for rst value of R
128 Hz, then 3 measurements per s.
LongpushonSTART: approx. 20 s for rst value of R
128 Hz, then 3 measurements per s.
S-ES
S-ES
at
at
Measurement Range
0.00 to
9.99Ω
10.0 to
99.9Ω
100 to 999Ω
1.00 to
9.99kΩ
10.0 to
99.9kΩ
Resolution 0.01Ω 0.1Ω 1Ω 10Ω 100Ω
Intrinsic error ± (2% + 1ct)
The intrinsic error specied refers to reference conditions with a test voltage of
32V, test frequency of 128Hz, R
Operating conditions : R
R R
R R
R R
R
is the resistance of the earth rods R
rod
cal.
electrode
electrode
electrode
S-ES
electrode
/ R
electrode
/ R
electrode
/ R
Note: With a test voltage U
Measurement of Auxiliary Electrodes R
Measurement Range
0.14 to
9.99Ω
, R
, R
ρ-H
< 3 x R
ρ-S
and: Operating error for R
ρ
-H
ρ-ES
and R
≤ 100kΩ
≤ 2000
S-ES
≤ 50kΩ
≤ 10,000
S-ES
≤ 10kΩ
≤ 20,000
S-ES
, R
ρ
of 16V, halve the value of R
OUT
10.0 to
99.9Ω
, R
ρ
-E
-ES
, R
ρ
ρ
-H
-S
100 to
999Ω
= 1kΩ, no external voltage.
ρ-E
± (7% + 2cts)
± (15% + 3cts)
± (20% + 1ct)
, R
ρ
, R
assumed to be identi-
ρ
-E
-H
.
rod
, R
-ES
ρ
-E
ρ
1.00 to
9.99kΩ
S-ES
10.0 to
99.9kΩ
Resolution 0.1Ω 0.1Ω 1Ω 10Ω 100Ω
Operating error ± (10% + 2cts)
The START button must be pressed for more than 2s. For frequencies between 41 and 128Hz, the resistance of the auxiliary earth electrodes is measured at the test frequency set. At higher frequencies the resistance is measured at 128Hz.
Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B
19

3.3 Data Storage

MemoryCapacity:512 test results (64kB)
Communication: Optically isolated USB

3.4 Power

PowerSource: Rechargeable 9.6V, 3.5Ah NiMH Battery Pack
At the middle and bottom of the display you will see one of the following messages:
bAtt CHrG Fast charging is active (normal state)
bAtt LOW Battery voltage is too low for a fast charge - charging at a lower current
bAtt Battery voltage is too high for a fast charge - charging at a lower current
bAtt HOt Battery is too warm for a fast charge (>40°C) - charging at a lower current
bAtt COLd Battery is too cold for a fast charge (< 0°C) - charging at a lower current
bAtt FULL Battery is full - switch to trickle charging
Power Supply: 110/220, 50/60Hz external charger with 18VDC, 1.9A output or 12VDC vehicle power
In this case the low-potential of the vehicle’s 12V outlet is at the potential of terminals E (X) and ES (Xv) of the ground tester. For safety reasons, do not connect or use the unit if there is a possibility that voltages at E (X) or ES (Xv) could exceed 32V.
Fuse:0.63A, 250V, 5x20mm, 1.5kA
BatteryLife:
Function Power consumed Typical number of measurements
Device off < 5 mW —
Voltage Measurement 1.5 W 4500
(2)
mΩ
3-Pole, 4-Pole
(1): Measurements in automatic mode at 25-s intervals
(2): With R = 1Ω
(3): With RH + RE = 100Ω
(4): With RH + RS-ES = 100Ω
20
(3)
(4)
ρ
4.9 W 1500
4.9 W 1500
4.9 W 1500
Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B
(1)

3.5 Mechanical

Dimensions: 10.7 x 9.76 x 5.12" (272 x 248 x 130mm)
Weight:7 lbs (3.2kg) approx
CaseMaterial: ULV0 Polypropylene
Terminals:4mm recessed banana jacks
CaseProtection:EN 60529 - IP53 (cover closed)
DropTest:Per EN 61010-1
VibrationTest:Per EN 61557-1

3.6 Environmental

OperatingTemperature:32° to 113°F (0° to 45°C); 0 to 90% RH
SpeciedOperatingTemperature
StorageTemperature: -40° to 158°F (-40° to 70°C); 0 to 90% RH
Altitude:< 3000m
(1): This range corresponds to the one defined by standard EN 61557, for which an operating error including the quantities of influence is defined. When the device is used outside this range, 1.5%/10°C and 1.5% between 75 and 90% RH must be added to the operating error.
(1)
: 0° to 95°F (0° to 35°C); 0 to 75% RH

3.7 Safety

Electromagnetic Compatibility
This instrument satises the EMC and LVD directives required for the CE marking and product standard IEC 61326-1 (Ed. 97) + A1 (Ed. 98).
• Immunity in industrial environment
• Emissions in residential environment.
Electrical safety according to EN 61010-1 (Ed. 2 of 2001)
Measurement according to EN 61557 (Ed. 2 of 2007) parts 1, 4 and 5.
CAT IV, 50V
Pollution Degree 2
*Specications are subject to change without notice
Ground Resistance Tester Model 6470-B
21
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