Advanced Osmometer 3D3 User manual
The Advanced®Osmometer
Model 3D3
User ’s Guide
3D35 Rev12 042508
The Advanced®Model 3D3 User’s Guide
Copyright
This user’s guide is copyrighted by Advanced Instruments, Inc. with all
rights reserved. Under copyright laws, this guide may not be reproduced
in any form, in whole or part, without the prior written consent of
Advanced Instruments.
© 2003 Advanced Instruments, Inc.
Advanced Instruments has reviewed this guide thoroughly. All material
contained within is believed reliable, but the accuracy and completeness
are not guaranteed or warranted, and are not intended to be representations or warranties concerning the product described.
®
Windows
United States and other countries. All other trademarks are the property
of Advanced Instruments, Inc.
is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the
Hot-Line®Service
If you have any questions or problems regarding the proper operation of
your instrument, please contact our Hot-Line Service department by
calling one of the following numbers.
• 800-225-4034 (toll-free within the USA and Canada)
• +US 781-320-9000 (elsewhere)
• 781-320-0811 (fax)
ii
Table of Contents
Safe Use vii
Parts & Accessories xi
Calibrators & Standards xiii
Foreword: Theory and Technique xv
Principles of Freezing-Point Osmometry xv
Instrumentation xvi
Freezing-Point Thermodynamics xvii
Definitions xviii
Figure 1: Standard Freezing Curve xvii
Chapter 1 — Installation & Setup 1
A. Things to do in advance 1
B. Storage of supplies 2
C. Installation 2
D. Power-up 6
Figure 2: Model 3D3 Osmometer and Acccessories 3
Figure 3: Back Panel 5
Table 1: Model 3D3 Osmometer Packing List 3
Chapter 2 — Instrument Operation 11
Hazardous material cautions 11
A. Function of major components 11
B. Fluid check and startup 18
C. Setup 19
D. Test 28
iii
The Advanced®Model 3D3 User’s Guide
E. Sample preparation 28
F. Sample tubes and sample sizes 28
G. Sample test procedure 29
Repeatability tips 33
Figure 4: Model 3D3 Components and Controls 12
Table 2: Communications Port Connections 14
Table 3: Printer Power Connections 15
Table 4: Printer Port Connections 16
Table 5: Setup Menu Options 20
Table 6: Test Mode Options 28
Chapter 3 — Standards & Quality Control 35
A. Purpose of quality control 35
B. Repeatability and accuracy 35
C. Standards and controls 36
D. Maintenance of standards 36
E. Quality control implementation 37
Chapter 4 — Calibration 39
Chapter 5 — Troubleshooting & Service 43
A. Service & maintenance cautions 43
B. Obtaining service 44
C. Routine maintenance 45
D. Shutdown and storage 46
E. Troubleshooting 46
F. Test 48
G. Adjustment and replacement of parts and assemblies 55
Figure 5: Operating Head 57
Figure 6: Mandrel, Probe and Stir/Freeze Wire Adjustment 61
iv
Table of Contents
Appendices 67
Appendix A — Troubleshooting table 67
Appendix B — Product specifications 79
Appendix C — Regulatory notices 81
Appendix D — Warranty and warranty duties 83
Appendix E — Supplemental RS-232 information 87
Appendix F — Symbol definitions 89
Appendix G — Service log 93
Figure 7: RS-232 External Cable 88
Index 95
v
The Advanced®Model 3D3 User’s Guide
Notes:
vi
Safe Use
To reduce the risk of bodily injury, electric shock, fire, and
damage to your instrument, please read and observe the precautions in this User’s Guide.
• If the product is used in a manner not in accordance with the
equipment design, operating instructions or manufacturer's
recommendations, the operation of the product may be
impaired to the extent that a safety hazard is created.
• Do not attempt to perform electrical work if you are not
fully qualified. This manual is not a substitute for electrical
training.
Symbol conventions
The exclamation point within an equilateral triangle is
intended to alert the user to the presence of important operating and maintenance (servicing) instructions in the literature accompanying this product.
The lightning flash with arrowhead symbol within an equilateral triangle is intended to alert the user to the presence of
uninsulated dangerous voltage within the product's enclosure
that may be of sufficient magnitude to constitute risk of
electric shock to persons.
The static symbol within an equilateral triangle is intended
to alert the user to the presence of internal components that
could be damaged by static electricity.
This static symbol is intended to alert the user to the presence of a specific component that could be damaged by static electricity.
vii
The Advanced®Model 3D3 User’s Guide
This symbol indicates the presence of alternating current (AC).
This symbol indicates the presence of a fuse.
This symbol indicates the presence of protective earth ground.
General cautions
• This product should be operated only with the type of power source
indicated on the product’s electrical ratings label. Refer to the installation instructions included with the product.
• If the power cord provided is replaced for any reason or if an alternate cord is used, the cord must be approved for use in the local
country. The power cord must be approved for the product’s listed
operating voltage and be rated at least 20% greater than the ampere
ratings marked on the product’s electrical ratings label. The cord
end that connects to the product must have an IEC 60320 connector.
• Plug the product into an approved grounded electrical outlet.
• Do not disable the power cord’s grounding plug.
• If an extension cord or power strip is used, make sure that the cord
or strip is rated for the product, and that the total ampere ratings of
all products plugged into the extension cord or strip do not exceed
80% of the cord’s or strip’s rating limit.
• Route power cords so that they will not be walked on, tripped on, or
pinched by items placed upon or against them. Pay particular attention to the plug, electrical outlet, and the point where the cord exits
the product.
• Do not pull on cords and cables. When unplugging cords or cables,
grasp the corresponding connector.
viii
Safe Use
• Do not install or use this product in any area subject to extreme
short-term temperature variations, or locations that exceed the specified operating environment temperatures.
• Never use this product in a wet area.
• To avoid injury or fire hazard, do not operate this product in an
explosive atmosphere.
• Do not install or use the product on an unstable, non-level work surface.
• Do not operate this product with the covers removed or unsecured.
ix
The Advanced®Model 3D3 User’s Guide
Notes:
x
Parts & Accessories
To order parts and accessories, contact the Advanced
Instruments Customer Service Department by using one of the
following numbers.
• 800-225-4034 (toll-free within the USA and Canada)
• +US 781-320-9000 (elsewhere)
• 781-320-3669 (fax)
PART DESCRIPTION
1-Amp Time Delay (T) Fuse for 200-250V
2-Amp Time Delay (T) Fuse for 100-130V
Clapper
Disposable Air Filters
Disposable Sample Tubes, 0.2 or 0.25 mL
Thermal Printer with Interface Cable, Operation Manual,
Thermal Paper Roll, and Printer Power Supply (100-120
VAC)
Thermal Printer with Interface Cable, Operation Manual,
Thermal Paper Roll, and Printer Power Supply (230 VAC)
Heat Transfer Fluid
Heat Transfer Fluid Filter
Mandrel
Operator/Supervisor Keys
Power Cord (specify voltage and country)
Printer Paper (5 rolls)
PART NO.
7011
7022
3C2241
3D2340
3LA825
3D3555_NA
3D3555_EU
3DA811
4S0710
3LH500
3D3185
3D3835
xi
The Advanced®Model 3D3 User’s Guide
PART DESCRIPTION
Probe/Stir Wire Alignment Tool
Replacement Sample Probe with Mandrel and three 10-mL
ampules of Probe Bin Setting Fluid (Stainless Steel)
Sample Tube Rack
Serial Port Interface Computer Cable Computer
Connector, 3 Meters
Serial Port Interface Computer Cable Computer
Connector, 6 Meters
Serial Port Interface Computer Cable Computer
Connector, 9 Meters
Service Manual, 3D3/4D3
Stir/Freeze Coil
Stir/Freeze Wires
User’s Guide
Yoke
PART NO.
3LA700
3D3700
3LA846
3M3053
3M3056
3M3059
4D35SM
3D2404
3LH243
3D35
3LH230
xii
Calibrators & Standards
To order calibrators and standards, contact the Advanced
Instruments Customer Service Department by using one of the
following numbers.
• 800-225-4034 (toll-free within the USA and Canada)
• +US 781-320-9000 (elsewhere)
• 781-320-3669 (fax)
DESCRIPTION
ClinitrolTMmOsm/kg Reference Solution (10 5mL ampules)
Five-Level Osmolality Linearity Set: 100, 500, 900, 1500
and 2000 mOsm (10 5mL ampules, 2 of each value)
Protinol®3-Level Protein Control Kit (9 3mL bottles, 3 of
each level)
Renol™ Urine Osmolality Controls (2 levels)
100 mOsm/kg Calibration Standard (110mL bottle)
100 mOsm/kg Calibration Standard (10 5mL ampules)
500 mOsm/kg Calibration Standard (110mL bottle)
500 mOsm/kg Calibration Standard (10 5mL ampules)
900 mOsm/kg Calibration Standard (110mL bottle)
900 mOsm/kg Calibration Standard (10 5mL ampules)
1500 mOsm/kg Calibration Standard (110mL bottle)
1500 mOsm/kg Calibration Standard (10 5mL ampules)
2000 mOsm/kg Calibration Standard (10 5mL ampules)
PART NO.
3LA029
3LA028
3MA028
3LA085
3LA010
3LA011
3LA050
3LA051
3LA090
3LA091
3LA150
3LA151
3LA201
3000 mOsm/kg Calibration Standard (10 5mL ampules)
3LA301
xiii
The Advanced®Model 3D3 User’s Guide
Notes:
xiv
Foreword
Principles of Freezing-Point Osmometry
When a solute is dissolved in a pure solvent, the following
changes in the solution's properties occur:
• the freezing point is depressed,
• boiling point is raised,
• osmotic pressure is increased, and
• vapor pressure is lowered.
These are the so-called "colligative" or concentrative properties
of the solution which, within reasonable limits, change in direct
proportion to the solute concentration; in other words, the number of particles in solution.
Of the colligative properties, measurement of the freezing point
allows the concentration of an aqueous solution to be easily
determined with great precision.
The freezing point of pure H
mole of a non-dissociating solute such as glucose (where the
solute does not dissociate into ionic species, but remains intact),
when dissolved in 1 kilogram (kg) of water will depress the
freezing point by 1.858°C. This change is known as the freezing point depression constant for water. The freezing point
depression also depends upon the degree of dissociation of the
2O is precisely +0.010°C. One
xv
The Advanced®Model 3D3 User’s Guide
solute. If the solute is ionic, the freezing point is depressed by 1.858°C
for each ionic species. For example, if one mole of sodium chloride
were to completely dissociate into two ionic species (Na+ and Cl-) in 1
kg of water, the freezing point would be depressed by 3.716°C.
However, dissociation is never complete. Interference between solute
molecules reduces dissociation by a factor called the osmotic coefficient.
In a simple solution such as glucose or sodium chloride in water, the
freezing point can be measured and the unit concentration easily determined from an equation or a reference table. However, the equation is
unique for each solute. In a more complex solution, all ionized and
non-dissociated species contribute to the freezing-point depression and
the concentration of each solute cannot be easily determined.
Each of the colligative properties has a similar problem, and though
each of the colligative properties changes in direct proportion to the
solute concentration, each requires a different mode & unit of measurement. Osmolality is a common unit of concentration measurement that
can be used to relate all the colligative properties to each other, and to
other concentration units. Because of its universality, most osmometry
applications regularly use osmolality, expressed as "mOsm/kg H
2O", as
the common unit of concentration rather than applying further conversion factors.
Instrumentation
Advanced Osmometers are devices for the determination of the concentration of solutions by means of freezing-point measurement.
Advanced Osmometers utilize high-precision thermometers to sense the
sample temperature, to control the degree of supercooling and freeze
induction, and to measure the freezing point of the sample. They can
routinely determine differences of ±1 mOsm/kg H
xvi
2O.
Foreword
Freezing-Point Thermodynamics
The quickest and most precise way to measure the freezing point of a
solution is to supercool it several degrees below its freezing point. It is
unstable in this state, and a mechanical agitation induces crystallization.
The heat of fusion suddenly liberated causes the sample temperature to
rise toward a plateau temperature, where a liquid/solid equilibrium
occurs. The equilibrium temperature is, by definition, the freezing point
of the solution. Managing the plateau temperature for precise measurement is the basis for several patents issued to Augustus Fiske.
The time over which liquid/solid equilibrium develops and is maintained, is a function of the speed with which the heat-of-fusion is liberated vs. the speed it is transferred away, or absorbed, by the surrounding
environment. This ratio can be slowed and the equilibrium time
stretched, to give a distinct plateau height measurable to 0.001°C.
Sensitive thermistor probes monitor the sample temperature and control
the thermoelectric cooling element. Microprocessor control and automated operation minimize imprecision due to operator technique.
Figure 1 illustrates the temperature of a sample as it progresses through
the freezing cycle and shows the action of the instrument at each stage
of the cycle.
Figure 1: Standard Freezing Curve
xvii
The Advanced®Model 3D3 User’s Guide
Definitions
Solution: A homogeneous mixture of solute and solvent in which the
solvent is usually the major component, and the solute is the minor
component.
Concentration: The ratio of solute to a given amount of solvent
(molal), or ratio of solute to solution (molar).
The amount of solute is usually expressed in terms of moles (i.e., gram
3
2
molecular weights). One mole = 6.028 x 10
molecules (Avogadro's
number). One mole of glucose (180.2 g) and one mole of sodium chloride (58.4 g) each contain Avogadro's number of molecules.
Common units of concentration are:
• Molality: Moles of solute per kilogram of pure solvent.
• Osmolality: Osmols of solute particles per kilogram of pure solvent. As noted above, most ionic solutes do not completely dissociate. Osmolality is a unit of concentration that takes into
account the dissociative effect. Osmolality is usually expressed
-3
in mOsm/kg H2O. One milliosmol (mOsm) is 10
osmols.
Osmolality is defined as:
where:
ø = osmotic coefficient, which accounts for the degree of mole-
cular dissociation.
n = number of particles into which a molecule can dissociate.
C = molal concentration of the solution.
• Molarity: Moles of solute per liter of solution.
• Osmolarity: Osmols of solute particles per liter of solution.
xviii
Foreword
Although molarity and osmolarity may be common units of
measurement in other branches of chemistry, they are not used in
osmometry because the ratio of solute to solution is not linear.
Molality and osmolality are linear, independent of the effect of
temperature and volume displaced by solute. A calculated conversion between units of molality and molarity is complex and
generally unnecessary when the terms are properly understood.
Freezing Point/Melting Point: The temperature at which the liquid
and solid phases of a substance will remain together in equilibrium.
Freezing-Point Depression: When a solute is added to a solvent, the
freezing point of the solvent is lowered. In aqueous solutions, one
mOsm of solute per kilogram of water depresses the freezing point by
1.858 millidegrees Celsius (m°C).
Supercooling: The tendency of a substance to remain in the liquid
state when cooled below its freezing point.
Crystallization Temperature: Aqueous solutions can be induced to
freeze (i.e., crystallize) most reliably when supercooled. When supercooled, agitating the solution (freeze pulse) induces crystal formation.
The crystallization temperature is the temperature at which crystallization is induced. During crystallization, the heat of fusion raises the
temperature of the sample to an ice/water freezing-point plateau.
Heat of Fusion: The heat released when the mobile molecules of a liquid are frozen into rigid ice crystals.
Freezing-Point Plateau: The constant temperature maintained during
the time that ice and liquid exist in isothermal equilibrium after crystallization occurs.
xix
The Advanced®Model 3D3 User’s Guide
Notes:
xx
1
Installation & Setup
In order to set up your instrument properly, it is important that
you read and follow the steps in this section. Please follow these
steps carefully and be sure to read Chapter 2 — Instrument
Operation before attempting to run tests on your instrument.
A. Things to do in advance
1. Prepare bench space. The dimensions of the Advanced
3D3 osmometer are listed in Appendix B. The area beneath
the instrument should be kept clear and adequate space
should be provided around the top and sides to allow unimpeded air circulation.
2. Locate and test grounded outlet. A three-prong grounded
(earthed) 100-130V or 200-250V, 50-60Hz outlet capable of
continuously supplying 2 amperes (1 ampere for 200-250V)
is required within five feet of the instrument.
WARNING: This instrument must be properly grounded
(earthed). The grounding pin of the power plug is connected
to the cabinet to provide a noise shield around sensitive
components.
If the instrument is not grounded properly, its operation will
be impaired and a safety hazard may exist. It is not enough
to simply plug the instrument into a grounding outlet. Have
the outlet tested. Record the results.
1
The Advanced®Model 3D3 User’s Guide
3. Obtain required items not supplied by the manufacturer:
• Soft, no-lint paper tissues for wiping the sample probe.
• Clean, dry 0.2-mL or 0.25-mL pipette (see Chapter 2, section F).
B. Storage of supplies
Unopened calibration standards and reference solutions should be stored
at 39ºF to 86ºF or 4ºC to 30ºC. Expiration dates are printed on the bottle labels. After opening, avoid contamination and evaporation; treat as
recommended in Chapters 2 and 3.
The heat transfer fluid supplied with the instrument should be installed
as described in section C below. A small amount of heat transfer fluid
clings to the outside of each sample tube and some gradually evaporates; another container should be ordered now, in anticipation of its
future requirement and may be stored at room temperature.
C. Installation
CAUTION Do not power the 3D3 for the first time until the volt-
age selection has been checked as instructed in this
section.
NOTE Make sure the Supervisor/Operator keyswitch is in the
Supervisor position as shown in figure 3, until power-up
has been completed as instructed in section D.
Heat Transfer Fluid and Filter Installation
1. Momentarily press the top of the heat transfer compartment door to
release the magnetic latch, then pull the door all the way open (see
figure 4).
2
Installation & Setup
Figure 2: Model 3D3 Osmometer and Accessories
Quantity Part No. Description
1 3D3 The Advanced®Model 3D3 Osmometer
1 pack 3LA011 100 mOsm Standard
1 pack 3LA151 1500 mOsm Standard
1 pack 3LA301 3000 mOsm Standard
1 pack 3LA029 Clinitrol™ 290 mOsm Reference Solution
1 3LA827 1/16” Hex Wrench
2 bottles 3DA811 Heat Transfer Fluid
1 3D3185 Operator/Supervisor Keys (set of 2)
1 Power Cord (as specified)
1 3LA702 Probe/Stir Alignment Tool
1 3LA846 Sample Tube Rack
1 Sample Tubes Pack (re-order 500-pack as
3LA825)
1 3D35 User’s Guide
1 3D35-6 Warranty Card
Table 1: Model 3D3 Osmometer Packing List
3
The Advanced®Model 3D3 User’s Guide
2. Locate the bagged plastic tubes protruding through the back wall of
the compartment. Remove and discard the plastic bag from the
ends of the tubes.
3. A heat transfer fluid filter (figure 4, item 6) should already be
mounted on the smaller of the two plastic tubes. If replacement is
necessary, force the tubular end of the heat transfer fluid filter at
least ¼” or 6 mm into the free end of the smaller of the two tubes.
4. Open a bottle of heat transfer fluid.
5. Insert the plastic tube with the heat transfer fluid filter into the bottle of heat transfer fluid so as to locate the filter at the bottom of
the bottle for most economical usage of the fluid. The 3D3 will
syphon heat transfer fluid into the freezing chamber as needed.
6. Insert the free end of the larger of the two plastic tubes into the
neck of the heat transfer fluid container to return the heat transfer
fluid to the container for recycling.
CAUTION The open end of the larger plastic tube must be above
the surface of the heat transfer fluid for proper circulation if necessary, remove some fluid.
7. Stand the container of heat transfer fluid in the plastic tray in the
heat transfer fluid compartment, making sure the filter remains
low in the heat transfer fluid.
8. Close the compartment door.
NOTE When the heat transfer fluid level reaches the REPLACE line
on the bottle label, discard remaining solution and replace the
heat transfer fluid. Continued use when fluid is below this
level will change the thermodynamics of the test.
Instrument Voltage Selection (see figure 3)
The 3D3 must be properly set for the voltage available on-site. The onsite power outlet voltage should have been recorded during the procedure recommended in section A.2.
4
Installation & Setup
Check the nominal voltage indicated beside the two matching arrowheads on the voltage selector/fuseholder in the back of the 3D3, below
the power switch and power connector.
• If the AC voltage of the power outlet intended for the instrument is
within the 100-130V range, the matching arrowheads should indicate
110-120V.
• If the power outlet AC voltage is within the 200-250V range, the
matching arrowheads should indicate 220-240V.
• If the voltage selection requires correction, it can be accomplished
by matching the proper arrowheads as follows:
1. Unplug the power cord from the back of the instrument.
2. Use a small screwdriver to pry the fuseholder out of the back of
the instrument.
3. Check the values marked on the two 5mm x 20mm fuses inside
the fuseholder before re-installing. For 100-130V operation they
Printer Power
Outlet
Printer Port
Supervisor/Operator
Keyswitch
Power
Switch
Power
Connector
Voltage
Selector
RS-232
Port
Figure 3: Back Panel
5
The Advanced®Model 3D3 User’s Guide
should be 2-Amp fuses; for 200-250V operation they should be
1-Amp fuses. Replace the fuses if incorrect.
4. Re-install the fuseholder into the back of the instrument with the
correct arrowheads matching.
5. Connect the power cord to the 3D3 and the power outlet.
6. Proceed to section D below.
D. Power-up
Each time the 3D3 is turned on, it will sequentially display for a few
seconds each, the software revision number, copyright notice, serial
number, date and time, and the probe bin numbers, similar to the following:
Revision
3D3.A02.0
(C) 1994 A. I., Inc.
Serial #:123456789012
03/02/94 08:08 am
Block: 5 Sample: 3
Then the operating head will rise and “Press START to Continue” (or
its equivalent in French, German or Spanish) will begin to scroll across
the display. Maintaining a record of the information displayed will
facilitate any necessary service.
All displayed messages will be in the language displayed at this time.
To avoid any misunderstanding that might arise due to an unfamiliar
display language, use the direct selection SETUP procedure described in
Chapter 2, Section C.0 to select setup item 12 and follow the instructions in Chapter 2, Section C.12 to select a different display language.
Power up the 3D3 in the following manner:
6
Installation & Setup
1. If the 3D3 has been installed as instructed in sections A and C, turn
the POWER switch on ( I ). The display will begin to scroll.
2. Record the displayed software revision and the block and sample
probe bin numbers reported by your instrument in the service log in
the back of the user’s guide. The display does not pause for recording. If you need it repeated, turn the instrument off, pause, then turn
it on again to reset the instrument.
When all of the instrument data has been displayed, the operating
head will rise and “Press START to Continue” will begin to scroll
across the display. If for some reason the probe data has been lost
from memory, “Reset Probe Configuration” will begin to scroll
across the display after the instrument report instead of “Press
START to Continue” and one should contact Advanced
Instruments’ Hot-Line
®
service before proceeding further (see
Chapter 5, Section B).
3. When “Press START to Continue” begins to scroll across the dis-
play, make sure an empty sample tube is in the freezing chamber
(figure 4, item 9).
NOTE Step 4 must be accomplished before the 3D3 will cool the
first sample.
4. If the instrument is being started for the first time, the heat transfer
fluid pump should be “primed” using the TEST menu as follows:
a. Make sure the Supervisor/Operator keyswitch is in the Supervisor
position as shown in figure 3.
b. Press the TEST switchpad. The display will change to “Select
Test Item”.
c. Press the < switchpad once to step the display backward to
“Head Up/Down Test”.
7
The Advanced®Model 3D3 User’s Guide
d. Press the START switchpad. The display will change to
“[START] Test [STOP]”.
e. Press the START switchpad.
f. Allow the operating head to cycle down and up approximately
twenty times to prime the heat transfer fluid pump. Then press
the STOP switchpad to raise the operating head and exit to the
test menu.
g. Press the STOP switchpad a second time to exit from the test
menu to “Press START to Continue”.
5. With an empty sample tube in the freezing chamber, press the
START switchpad.
The microprocessor will respond with the display, “Running
Diagnostics”, while it lowers the operating head, cools the freezing
chamber and completes a series of internal diagnostic checks. If
the diagnostic checks are not successfully completed or the freezing
chamber does not cool properly, a diagnostic message will be presented.
If the instrument has just been turned on, it takes a few minutes to
cool the freezing chamber. If the heat transfer fluid pump has not
been primed as described in step 4, the time will be longer.
When the freezing chamber has been cooled and the internal diagnostic checks have been completed, the operating head rises,
“Osmometer Ready” is displayed and an audible tone is sounded.
If “Osmometer Ready” is not displayed at this point, turn the instrument off ( O ) for about 5 seconds, then on ( I ) again. If
“Osmometer Ready” still does not appear, please refer to Chapter 5
for assistance.
Your 3D3 was calibrated at the factory. The probe and calibration parameters are stored in RAM which is powered by an internal battery
when the instrument power is off or disconnected. Thus, when
8
Installation & Setup
“Osmometer Ready” is displayed, your osmometer is calibrated and
ready to run.
NOTE If your 3D3 has just been moved from a colder location to its
present environment, it should be allowed to warm up for 20 to
30 minutes before assuming that it should be recalibrated.
The 3D3 may be left on continuously. If it remains idle for five minutes
or more, it automatically enters standby mode: the fan slows, the freezing chamber warms slightly and the display changes to the date and
time. The 3D3 will remain in the standby mode until required to run a
freezing-point test. When required to run a freezing-point test, the 3D3
will automatically exit the standby mode, speed up the fan and cool the
chamber for the test.
CAUTION If a power interruption occurs, turn the instrument off at
once. Leave it turned off for at least 5 seconds after power
has been restored (to ensure internal circuitry is restarted
properly), even if power restoration is immediate.
Please continue to Chapter 2 for operating instructions.
9
The Advanced®Model 3D3 User’s Guide
Notes:
10
Loading...