Applies to Serial Suffix A - C. Refer to Design Changes for more information.
Electrical:
Voltage:100 to 130 VAC (1.2 A) or 200 to 250
VAC (0.6 A)
Frequency: 50 or 60 Hz
Fuses:2-Amp time delay for 100-130 VAC;
1-Amp time delay for 200-250 VAC
Power:150 Watts
Memory Backup: integral lithium cell; 10 years
min. (not user-replaceable)
Sample Volume:0.2 or .25 mL
Sample Capacity:single sample
Readout:20-character digital display
Units:mOsm/Kg H2O
Range:
Low:0 to 2000 mOsm/Kg H2O
High:1400 to 4000 mOsm/Kg H2O
Resolution:1 mOsm/Kg H2O
Performance Over Operating Conditions
Temperature Effects: Less than 1 mOsm/Kg H
for every 5°C (9°F) ambient
temperature change.
Operating Conditions
Temperature:18°C to 35°C (64°F to 95°F)
Room Humidity:5 to 80% relative humidity;
(non-condensing)
Storage Temperature: -40°C to +45°C
(-40°F to +113°F)
Start-up Time: From stand-by: immediately
From power on: under 5 minutes
Test Time:Approximately 2 minutes per sample
in 0 to 2000 mOsm range; moderately
longer in high range.
Dimensionsinchescentimeters
Width:1332
Depth:18 46
Height:1641
O
2
Communications:
RS-232C and barcode scanner ports
Weightpounds kilograms
Net:2813
Shipping:3919
Performance at Reference Conditions
1
Warranty:One-year limited warranty on work-
Linearity:Less than ±0.5% from a straight line
manship and all parts except glass,
plastic and parts warranted by their
Repeatability:
makers.
0 to 400 mOsm ±2 mOsm/Kg (1 S.D.)
400 to 4000 mOsm ±0.5% (1 S.D.)
Drift:Less than 1 mOsm/Kg H
O per
2
Certification:
month
Refer to Regulatory Notices (see page 14) for applicable standards.
Installation Class:I
Over-Voltage Category: II
Pollution Degree:2
Moisture Protection:IPX0 (Ordinary)
1
Reference Conditions: 20 to 25°C (68 to 77°F); 40 to 60% Relative Humidity; tolerances of reference or calibration solutions
excluded.
7
The Advanced®Model 3250/4250 Service Manual
Model 3250 Osmometer Specifications
Applies to Serial Suffix D and Higher. Refer to Design Changes for more information.
Electrical:
Voltage:100 to 250 VAC (0.6 A)
Frequency: 50 or 60 Hz
Fuses:2-Amp time delay (Type T)
Power:95 Watts
Memory Backup: integral lithium cell; 10 years
min. (not user-replaceable)
Sample Volume:0.2 or .25 mL
Sample Capacity:single sample
Readout:20-character digital display
Units:mOsm/Kg H2O
Range:
Low:0 to 2000 mOsm/Kg H2O
High:1400 to 4000 mOsm/Kg H2O
Resolution:1 mOsm/Kg H2O
Communications:
RS-232C and barcode scanner ports
Performance at Reference Conditions
1
Linearity:Less than ±0.5% from a straight line
Repeatability:
0 to 400 mOsm: Std. Deviation < 2 mOsm/Kg H2O
400 to 4000 mOsm: Std. Deviation < 0.5% of value
mOsm/Kg H2O
Drift:Less than 1 mOsm/Kg H
O per
2
month
Performance Over Operating Conditions
Temperature Effects: Less than 1 mOsm/Kg H
2
for every 5°C (9°F) ambient
temperature change.
Operating Conditions
Temperature:18°C to 35°C (64°F to 95°F)
Room Humidity:5 to 80% relative humidity;
(non-condensing)
Storage Temperature: -40°C to +45°C
(-40°F to +113°F)
Start-up Time: From stand-by: immediately
From power on: under 5 minutes
Test Time:Approximately 2 minutes per sample
in 0 to 2000 mOsm range; moderately
longer in high range.
Dimensionsinchescentimeters
Width:1332
Depth:18 46
Height:1641
Weightpounds kilograms
Net:2310
Shipping:3415
Warranty:One-year limited warranty on work-
manship and all parts except glass,
plastic and parts warranted by their
makers.
Certification:
O
Refer to Regulatory Notices (see page 14) for applicable standards.
Installation Class:I
Over-Voltage Category: II
Pollution Degree:2
Moisture Protection:IPX0 (Ordinary)
1
Reference Conditions: 20 to 25°C (68 to 77°F); 40 to 60% Relative Humidity; tolerances of reference or calibration solutions
excluded.
The Advanced®Model 3250/4250 Service Manual
8
Model 4250 Cryoscope Specifications
Applies to Serial Suffix A - C. Refer to Design Changes for more information.
Electrical:
Voltage:100 to 130 VAC (1.2 A) or 200 to 250
VAC (0.6 A)
Frequency: 50 or 60 Hz
Fuses:250V time delay (Type T):
2-Amp time delay for 100-130 VAC;
1-Amp time delay for 200-250 VAC
Power:150 Watts
Memory Backup: integral lithium cell; 10-year
life (typical); (not userreplaceable)
Sample Volume:2.0 to 2.5 mL
Sample Capacity:single sample
Readout:20-character vacuum fluorescent
display
Units:mºC or mºH
Range:0 to 1000 mºC or mºH
Resolution:1 mºC or mºH
Communications: On-board printer, DTE EIA-
232/V.24 (RS-232) serial port
and optional barcode scanner
Performance at Reference Conditions
Linearity:Less than ±0.5% from a straight line
1
Performance Over Operating Conditions
Temperature Effects: Less than 1 unit for every
5°C (9°F) ambient tempera
ture change.
Operating Conditions
Temperature:18°C to 35°C (64°F to 95°F)
Room Humidity:5 to 80% relative humidity;
(non-condensing)
Storage Temperature: -40°C to +45°C
(-40°F to +113°F)
Start-up Time: From stand-by: immediately
From power on: under 5 minutes
Test Time:Approximately 90 seconds in 30-
second timed mode.
Dimensionsinchescentimeters
Width:13.033.0
Depth:18.045.7
Height:12.030.5
with Head Up:16.040.6
Weightpoundskilograms
Net:28.012.7
Shipping:39.017.7
Warranty:One-year limited warranty on work-
manship and all parts except glass,
plastic and parts warranted by their
makers.
Repeatability:
± 2 mºC or mºH (1 S.D.) between 0 and -400 mºC
± 0.5% (1 S.D.) between -400 and -1000 mºC
Drift:Less than 1 unit per month
Certification:
Refer to Regulatory Notices (see page 14) for applicable standards.
Installation Class:I
Over-Voltage Category:II
Pollution Degree:2
Moisture Protection:IPX0 (ordinary)
9
The Advanced®Model 3250/4250 Service Manual
Model 4250 Cryoscope Specifications
Applies to Serial Suffix D and Higher. Refer to Design Changes for more information.
Electrical:
Voltage:100 to 250 VAC (0.6 A)
Frequency: 50 or 60 Hz
Fuses:2-Amp time delay (Type T)
Power:95 Watts
Memory Backup: integral lithium cell; 10-year
life (typical); (not userreplaceable)
Sample Volume:2.0 to 2.5 mL
Sample Capacity:single sample
Readout:20-character vacuum fluorescent
display
Units:mºC or mºH
Range:0 to 1000 mºC or mºH
Resolution:1 mºC or mºH
Communications: On-board printer, DTE EIA-
232/V.24 (RS-232) serial port
and optional barcode scanner
Performance at Reference Conditions
1
Performance Over Operating Conditions
Temperature Effects: Less than 1 unit for every
5°C (9°F) ambient tempera
ture change.
Operating Conditions
Temperature:18°C to 35°C (64°F to 95°F)
Room Humidity:5 to 80% relative humidity;
(non-condensing)
Storage Temperature: -40°C to +45°C
(-40°F to +113°F)
Start-up Time: From stand-by: immediately
From power on: under 5 minutes
Test Time:Approximately 90 seconds in 30-
second timed mode.
Dimensionsinchescentimeters
Width:13.033.0
Depth:18.045.7
Height:12.030.5
with Head Up:16.040.6
Weightpoundskilograms
Net:2310
Shipping:3415
Linearity:Less than ±0.5% from a straight line
Repeatability:
0 to -400 mºC: Std. Deviation <
-400 to -1000 mºC: Std. Deviation < 0.5% of value
mºC or mºH
Drift:Less than 1 unit per month
The Advanced®Model 3250/4250 Service Manual
2 mºC or mºH
Warranty:One-year limited warranty on work-
manship and all parts except glass,
plastic and parts warranted by their
makers.
Certification:
Refer to Regulatory Notices (see page 14) for applicable standards.
Installation Class:I
Over-Voltage Category:II
Pollution Degree:2
Moisture Protection:IPX0 (ordinary)
10
General Description and Purpose
Service Assistance
®
Advanced
Osmometers and Cryoscopes
determine the concentration of solutions
through freezing-point depression measurement. Osmometers are used primarily to
measure body fluids such as serum and urine,
and cryoscopes are used to determine the
freezing points of various liquids and to
detect added water in milk. Application information is available upon request.
Except for different cooling assemblies,
stir/freeze wires, sample sizes and software,
the 3250 and the 4250 are identical to one
another. For clarity when replacing parts or
troubleshooting, the instructions indicate any
significant differences between the two instruments.
The Service Manual
This Service Manual contains:
To contact Advanced Instruments Product
Service:
• Call (800) 225-4034 (toll-free within the
USA and Canada; after normal business
hours, dial extension 2191)
• Call +US (781) 320-9000 (elsewhere)
• Or fax (781) 320-3669
When calling Advanced Instruments, have the
model and serial number from the label on the
back of the instrument, and a description of
the problem. Use a telephone as close to the
instrument as possible in order to facilitate
making recommended diagnostic checks.
A service technician may assist in making
minor repairs over the phone, providing you
with recommended parts (or part numbers), or
may issue an authorization (RMA) to ship the
instrument for factory repair.
• instructions for performing repairs.
• guides for troubleshooting operational and
mechanical problems.
• circuit system illustrations.
• information about replacement parts and
service repairs.
This manual is designed to assist
service technicians, and does not
imply a license to perform repairs
without proper qualifications.
The RMA procedure is as follows:
1. Contact Advanced Instruments to obtain
an RMA.
2. Pack and ship the instrument in its original carton. Do not send instrument supply items.
3. Prepay shipment to the factory. Advanced
Instruments cannot accept collect ship-
ments. Insure the shipment or accept the
damage risk.
11
The Advanced®Model 3250/4250 Service Manual
Safety / Regulatory Information
To reduce the risk of bodily injury,
electric shock, fire, and damage to
your instrument, please read and
observe the following precautions.
• If the product is used in a manner not in
accordance with the equipment design,
operating instructions or manufacturer's
recommendations, the operation of the
product may be impaired to the extent that
a safety hazard is created.
• Do not attempt to perform electrical work
if you are not fully qualified. This manual
is not a substitute for electrical training.
Symbol Conventions
The exclamation point within an
equilateral triangle is intended to
alert the user to the presence of
important operating and maintenance
(servicing) instructions in the literature accompanying this product.
The lightning flash with arrowhead
symbol within an equilateral triangle
is intended to alert the user to the
presence of uninsulated dangerous
voltage within the product's enclosure that may be of sufficient magnitude to constitute risk of electric
shock to persons.
The static symbol within an equilateral triangle is intended to alert the
user to the presence of internal components that could be damaged by
static electricity.
This symbol indicates the presence
of a fuse.
This symbol indicates the presence
of protective earth ground.
This symbol indicates the power is
ON.
This symbol indicates the power is
OFF.
NOTE Additional symbol definitions are
available in the Symbols section.
General Cautions
• This product should be operated only with
the type of power source indicated on the
product’s electrical ratings label. Refer to
the installation instructions included with
the product.
• If the power cord provided is replaced for
any reason or if an alternate cord is used,
the cord must be approved for use in the
local country. The power cord must be
approved for the product’s listed operating
voltage and be rated at least 20% greater
than the ampere ratings marked on the
product’s electrical ratings label. The cord
end that connects to the product must have
an IEC 60320 connector.
• Plug the product into an approved grounded electrical outlet.
This static symbol is intended to
alert the user to the presence of a
specific component that could be
damaged by static electricity.
This symbol indicates the presence
of alternating current (AC).
The Advanced®Model 3250/4250 Service Manual
• Do not disable the power cord’s grounding
plug.
• If an extension cord or power strip is used,
make sure that the cord or strip is rated for
the product, and that the total ampere ratings of all products plugged into the extension cord or strip do not exceed 80% of the
cord’s or strip’s rating limit.
12
• Route power cords so that they will not be
walked on, tripped on, or pinched by items
placed upon or against them. Pay particular attention to the plug, electrical outlet,
and the point where the cord exits the
product.
• Do not pull on cords and cables. When
unplugging cords or cables, grasp the corresponding connector.
• Do not install or use this product in any
area subject to extreme short-term temperature variations, or locations that exceed
the specified operating environment temperatures.
• Never use this product in a wet area.
- The power cord, extension cord, power
strip or power input module is damaged.
- Liquid has been spilled into the interior
of the product.
- A foreign object has fallen into the
product.
- The product has been dropped or damaged by a falling object.
- There are noticeable signs of overheating or a burning odor.
- The product does not operate normally
when you follow the operating procedures.
• To avoid injury or fire hazard, do not operate this product in an explosive atmosphere.
• Do not install or use the product on an
unstable, non-level work surface.
• Do not operate this product with the covers
removed or unsecured.
Service & Maintenance Cautions
• Unplug the power cord prior to opening or
removing covers, or else you may be
exposed to electric shock, excessive temperatures, or mechanical hazards.
• Performing service or maintenance not
detailed in the User’s Guide, with or without this Service Manual, should only be
done by a qualified service technician.
• Never restrict airflow into or out of the
product. Occasionally, check the air vents
for blockage.
• Wipe the exterior of the product with a
soft, damp cloth as needed. Using cleaning
products other than those specified, may
discolor or damage the finish.
• If the product requires service for any of
the following reasons, unplug the product
from the electrical outlet and refer service
to a qualified service technician.
- The main supply fuse(s) or any internal
fuse(s) continually fail.
• A discharge of static electricity from contact with the human body or other conductor may damage system boards or static
sensitive devices. Never perform internal
maintenance without following recommended static protection procedures.
• The product is equipped with operator
accessible fuses. If a fuse blows, it may be
due to a power surge or failure of a component. Replace the fuse only once. If the
fuse blows a second time, it is probably
caused by failure of a component part. If
this occurs, refer service to qualified service personnel. Always replace the fuse
with one of the same rating, voltage, and
type. Never replace the fuse with one of a
higher current rating.
• When servicing the product, use only factory-specified parts.
• WARNING: When returning this product
for service, or shipping this product to a
second location, remove all hazardous
specimens and decontaminate the product
before packaging for shipment. If the
product cannot be decontaminated, consult
with your shipping agent on appropriate
packaging and marking.
13
The Advanced®Model 3250/4250 Service Manual
Hazardous Material Cautions
•WARNING: Handle all biohazardous
materials according to established good
laboratory practices and follow your institution’s exposure control plan. Persons
handling human blood and body fluid
samples must be trained in blood-borne
hazards and observe universal precautions.
Universal precautions is an approach to
infection control, where all human blood
and body fluids are treated as if known to
be infectious. Use personal protective
equipment such as gloves, gowns, etc., to
prevent exposure. Store biohazardous
materials in regulated waste containers and
dispose of these materials in a safe and
acceptable manner that is in compliance
with all country, state and local requirements.
•If a biohazardous material is spilled on or
inside the equipment, decontaminate the
equipment using a 1% bleach solution, or
as outlined by those policies and procedures established within your institution.
•To avoid injury or fire hazard, do not operate this product in an explosive atmosphere.
Regulatory Notices
• This product has been designed and manu-
factured in accordance with U.S.,
Canadian, and European regulatory
requirements as outlined below.
Modifications made to this product that are
not expressly approved in writing by the
manufacturer will void the user’s authority
to operate this product, previously issued
factory approvals, and the user’s rights
under the warranty.
• The distributor or dealer may have applied
additional local, national, or international
approvals to this product. Consult the distributor or dealer for more information and
documentation.
• Connections to this product must be made
with shielded cables. Use of non-shielded
cables may violate RFI/EMI limits.
Symbol Conventions
This symbol indicates conformity to
relevant European directives.
This symbol indicates the product
was tested to conform to relevant
Canadian and U.S. safety standards
by Intertek Testing Services NA,
Inc. The ETL mark is approved in
the United States as a Nationally
Recognized Testing Lab (NRTL) by
OSHA, and in Canada by the
Standards Council of Canada.
In Vitro Diagnostic Medical Device
complying with EU Directive
98/79/EC.
This symbol, depending upon its
location, indicates the assembly,
component, and/or product are free
of lead. In respect to its inclusion
on a circuit component or assembly,
the following must be adhered to
when servicing. Failure to do so
may result in defects caused by dissimilar metals.
1. Do not repair or modify using a
lead-containing solder.
2. Do not repair or modify using any
soldering tools that have been in
contact with lead-containing solders.
3. Do not repair or modify with any
lead-free solder other than that
specified by the manufacturer or
as indicated by the symbology of
standard IPC-1066.
4. Do not repair or modify using any
soldering tools that have been in
contact with any other incompatible lead-free solders.
5. Contact factory service for further
information.
The Advanced®Model 3250/4250 Service Manual
14
The number in this symbol indicates
the type of lead-free solder used in
the assembly of printed circuit
boards, per standard IPC-1066.
Repair or modification must be per-
XAMPLES
E
ONLY
formed using the same or compatible
type lead-free solder and matching
tools. Failure to do so may result in
defects caused by dissimilar metals.
Contact factory service for further
information.
FCC Requirements
•WARNING: Changes or modifications to
this unit not expressly approved by
Advanced Instruments could void the
user’s authority to operate the equipment.
•This equipment has been tested and found
to comply with the limits for a Class B
digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the
FCC Rules. These limits are designed to
provide reasonable protection against
harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses,
and can radiate radio frequency energy
and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause
harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that
interference will not occur in a particular
installation. If this equipment does cause
harmful interference to radio or television
reception, which can be determined by
turning the equipment off and on, the user
is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following
measures:
- Re-orient or relocate the receiving
antenna.
- Increase the separation between the
equipment and receiver.
- Connect the equipment into an outlet
on a circuit different from that to
which the receiver is connected.
- Consult the dealer or an experienced
radio TV technician for help.
15
The Advanced®Model 3250/4250 Service Manual
Regulatory Description
Approval Type Applies to Serial Suffix A - C Applies to Serial Suffix D and Higher
U.S. Safety
Canadian Safety
CE Declaration of
Conformity - EMC
CE Declaration of
Conformity - IVD
(3250 only)
This product has been listed by ETL testing laboratories as being in compliance with the requirements of UL 61010A-1, 1st Edition, "Electrical
Equipment for Laboratory Use; Part 1: General
Requirements". The "US" in the lower right of
the ETL mark demonstrates this listing.
This product has been listed by ETL testing laboratories as being in compliance with the requirements of CAN/CSA C22.2 No.1010.1-92, "Safety
Requirements for Electrical Equipment for
Measurement, Control and Laboratory Use - Part
1: General Requirements"; Including Amendment
Two. The "C" in the lower left of the ETL mark
demonstrates this listing.
This product meets the intent of Directive
89/336/EEC for Electromagnetic Compatibility.
Compliance was demonstrated using the following
standards, as listed in the Official Journal of the
European Communities: Consult the Declaration
of Conformance certificate shipped with the product for the latest update.
• EN 61326: 1997 with A1 & A2, Group 1, Class
B, "Electrical Equipment for Measurement,
Control, and Laboratory Use"
This product meets the intent of Directive
98/79/EC for In Vitro Diagnostic Medical
Devices. Consult the Declaration of Conformance
certificate shipped with the product (if required)
for the latest update.
This product has been listed by ETL testing laboratories as being in compliance with the requirements of UL 61010-1, "Electrical Equipment for
Laboratory Use; Part 1: General Requirements".
The "US" in the lower right of the ETL mark
demonstrates this listing.
This product has been listed by ETL testing laboratories as being in compliance with the requirements of CAN/CSA C22.2 No.61010.1, "Safety
Requirements for Electrical Equipment for
Measurement, Control and Laboratory Use - Part
1: General Requirements"; Including Amendment
Two. The "C" in the lower left of the ETL mark
demonstrates this listing.
This product meets the intent of Directive
2004/108/EC Conformity - EMC for Electromagnetic Compatibility. Compliance was demonstrated using the following standards, as listed in the
Official Journal of the European Communities:
Consult the Declaration of Conformance certificate shipped with the product for the latest update.
• EN 61326-1:2006 & EN 55011:1998, Group 1,
Class B, "Electrical Equipment for
Measurement, Control, and Laboratory Use"
This product meets the intent of Directive
98/79/EC for In Vitro Diagnostic Medical
Devices. Consult the Declaration of Conformance
certificate shipped with the product (if required)
for the latest update.
CE Declaration of
Conformity - WEEE
CE Declaration of
Conformity - Low
Voltage
(3250 only)
This product meets the intent of Directive
2002/96/EC as amended by 2003/108/EC for
Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment
(WEEE). Consult the Declaration of Conformance
certificate shipped with the product (if required)
for the latest update.
This product meets the intent of Directive
73/23/EEC, the Low Voltage Directive.
Compliance was demonstrated using the following
standards, as listed in the Official Journal of the
European Communities: Consult the Declaration
of Conformance certificate shipped with the product (if required) for the latest update.
• EN 61010-1 (2001), “Safety Requirements for
Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control,
and Laboratory Use - Part 1: General
Requirements”.
• EN 61010-2-101: 2002, “Safety Requirements
for Electrical Equipment for Measurement,
Control, and Laboratory Use - Part 2-101:
Particular Requirements for In Vitro Diagnostic
(IVD) Medical Equipment”.
This product meets the intent of Directive
2002/96/EC as amended by 2003/108/EC for
Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment
(WEEE). Consult the Declaration of Conformance
certificate shipped with the product (if required)
for the latest update.
This product meets the intent of Directive
2006/95/EC, the Low Voltage Directive.
Compliance was demonstrated using the following standards, as listed in the Official Journal of
the European Communities: Consult the
Declaration of Conformance certificate shipped
with the product (if required) for the latest update.
• EN 61010-1, “Safety Requirements for
Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control,
and Laboratory Use - Part 1: General
Requirements”.
• EN 61010-2-101, “Safety Requirements for
Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control,
and Laboratory Use - Part 2-101: Particular
Requirements for In Vitro Diagnostic (IVD)
Medical Equipment”.
The Advanced®Model 3250/4250 Service Manual
16
Regulatory Description
Approval Type Applies to Serial Suffix A - C Applies to Serial Suffix D and Higher
FCC - Part 15
Subpart B, Class B
Canadian ICES-003
CB Report
CB Certificate
U.S. FDA Listing
(3250 only)
Health Canada
License
(3250 only)
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC
Rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful
interference, and (2) this device must accept any
interference received, including interference that
may cause undesired operation.
This Class B digital apparatus complies with
Canadian ICES-003
Cet appareil numérique de la classe B est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.
-------------------------------
The osmometer, along with the calibrators and
controls manufactured by Advanced Instruments,
are listed with a U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services, Food and Drug Administration,
as:
Osmometer Class 1
Calibrators Class 2
Controls Class 1
The osmometer, along with the calibrators and
controls manufactured by Advanced Instruments,
are licensed with Health Canada, Therapeutic
Products Directorate, Medical Devices Bureau, as:
Osmometer Class 2
Calibrators Class 2
Controls Class 2
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC
Rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful
interference, and (2) this device must accept any
interference received, including interference that
may cause undesired operation.
This Class B digital apparatus complies with
Canadian ICES-003
Cet appareil numérique de la classe B est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.
A CB report and certificate have been issued for
this product. The standard used was IEC 61010-1.
The osmometer, along with the calibrators and
controls manufactured by Advanced Instruments,
are listed with a U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services, Food and Drug Administration,
as:
Osmometer Class 1
Calibrators Class 2
Controls Class 1
The osmometer, along with the calibrators and
controls manufactured by Advanced Instruments,
are licensed with Health Canada, Therapeutic
Products Directorate, Medical Devices Bureau, as:
Osmometer Class 2
Calibrators Class 2
Controls Class 2
CE Declaration of
Conformity - RoHS
This product meets the intent of Directive
2002/95/EC for the Restriction of Use of Certain
Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic
Equipment” as an exempt medical device per
Article 2, Paragraph 1 and per Annex 1, Category
8 and/or 9 of Directive 2002/96/EC.
This product meets the intent of Directive
2002/95/EC for the Restriction of Use of Certain
Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic
Equipment” as an exempt medical device per
Article 2, Paragraph 1 and per Annex 1, Category
8 and/or 9 of Directive 2002/96/EC.
17
The Advanced®Model 3250/4250 Service Manual
Notes:
The Advanced®Model 3250/4250 Service Manual
18
2. General Overview
General Overview
(Intel Processor Systems)
Serial Suffix A - C
L
K
J
I
H
G
F
E
D
M
N
O
Q
P
R
S
T
C
B
A. Head
B. Motor
C. Driver Transistors (Stir, Thermoelectric)
D. Motor Capacitor
E. Head Up/Head Down Relays
F. Power Entry Module
G. RS-232C Port
H. Supervisor/Operator Keyswitch
I.Barcode Port
J. Power Supply
K. Sample Probe Plugin
21
U
A
L. Block Probe Plugin
M. Main Board Set, Application PCB
N. Main Board Set, Processor PCB
O. Printer
P. Keypad Transition Board
Q. Keypad
R. Display
S. Deck
T. Heat Transfer Return Tube
U. Heat Transfer Inlet Tube
The Advanced®Model 3250/4250 Service Manual
General Overview
(Intel Processor Systems)
Serial Suffix D and Higher
H
(underneath printer)
G
F
E
D
C
J
I
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
B
A. Head
B. Motor
C. Driver PCB
D. Power Entry Module
E. RS-232C Port
F. Supervisor/Operator Keyswitch
G. Barcode Port
H. Power Supply (underneath printer)
I.Sample Probe Plugin
J. Block Probe Plugin
The Advanced®Model 3250/4250 Service Manual
A
S
K. Main Board Set, Processor PCB
L. Printer
M. Main Board Set, Application PCB
N. Keypad Transition Board
O. Keypad
P. Display
Q. Heat Transfer Return Tube
R. Heat Transfer Inlet Tube
S. Deck
22
Calibration
The 3250 has two ranges, each with its own
calibration. To calibrate the low range, three
freezing-point tests are required at the 100
mOsm/kg level, and six tests are required at
the 1500 mOsm/kg level. To calibrate the
high range, six freezing-point tests are
required at both the 1500 mOsm/kg level and
the 3000 mOsm/kg level.
The 4250 allows timed or plateau-seeking calibration in either the Hortvet (m°H) or the
Celsius (m°C) scale. Six freezing-point tests
are required at each of the 4250’s two calibration levels:
-408 m°C (-422 m°H), and
-600 m°C (-621 m°H).
Note: If you see the message “Recalibration
Needed”, follow the instrument
prompts to complete the initial calibration. Your calibration may vary slightly
from that mentioned here.
Calibrate the instrument according to the
instructions below:
1. Turn the instrument on.
2. If there is a Supervisor/Operator keyswitch, turn it to the Supervisor position.
It must remain there throughout calibration.
3. Press CALIB to begin the calibration
sequence.
4. The display will prompt you at each calibration level. Place a sample of the first
calibration standard into the freezing
chamber and press START.
5. Continue loading and testing samples at
the first calibration level until the display
prompts you for samples at the second
calibration level.
Refer to the instrument User’s Guide for additional information on calibration.
6. Place the sample of the second calibration
standard into the freezing chamber and
press START.
7. When the instrument has completed calibration, the display will read
"Calibration Complete".
23
The Advanced®Model 3250/4250 Service Manual
3250/4250 Circuit Description
The instrument is comprised of the following
functional blocks:
Power Supply
Serial Suffix A - C
The power entry assembly interfaces the AC
voltage presented to the instrument with the
transformer. The transformer provides 120
VAC to the power supply board and the head
motor. The power supply provides the power
to run the main printed circuit board (±12
VDC, ±5 VDC), the thermoelectrics (5 VDC),
the fan (12 VDC), the stir/freeze coil
(12 VDC), and the internal printer (5 VDC).
Note: The internal printer may be powered by
+5 VDC (red/orange wire) or +12
VDC (violet wire). Consult system
schematics for proper service.
Power Supply
Serial Suffix D and Higher
VDC), the stir/freeze coil (12 VDC), the internal printer (12 VDC), and the motor and control circuits (+24 V).
Front End
The sample thermistor measures the temperature of the sample. The thermoelectrics
(whose duty cycle is controlled through the
block probe/thermistor) supercool the sample.
The stir/freeze wire constantly stirs the sample
to guarantee uniform cooling. When the
supercooled sample reaches a set temperature
(3000 mOsm for the low range and 4800
mOsm for the high range, by default, in the
3250, and 3000 mºC in the 4250), the
stir/freeze wire "buzzes" causing the sample
to freeze. During a test, the fan duty cycle
tracks the thermoelectrics duty cycle -10%. If
duty cycle drops below 20%, the fan is off. In
between tests, the fan runs as required to
maintain the software controlled target temperatures.
The power entry assembly interfaces the AC
voltage presented to the instrument with the
AC/DC switching power supply. The power
supply provides the power to run the main
printed circuit board set (±12 VDC, +5 VDC),
the thermoelectrics (5 VDC), the fan (12
Barcode
Port
Serial Port
Head Motor
Controls
Processor
Board
Applications
Board
325605 Control Board Set Description
General: The control board set is made up of
two printed circuit boards in a motherboard/
daughterboard configuration.
Power
Supply
Cooling
System
PrinterKeypadDisplay
The Advanced®Model 3250/4250 Service Manual
24
325620/425620/325621/425621
Processor Board
Processor: The processor used is an Intel
80C186 16-bit embedded processor. The
80C186 contains three programmable 16-bit
timers, two serial ports, programmable interrupts, 1 mega-byte of memory address space,
and 64 kilo-bytes of input/output (I/O)
address space. The processor uses an external
32 MHz crystal to generate the internal 16
MHz system clock. The processor controls
access to all memory and all I/O.
Memory Map: The 1 mega-byte of memory
address space contains read-only memory
(Flash EPROM), read/write memory (static
RAM), and the real time clock. About half of
the address space is unused, allowing for
future expansion. The read-only memory is
divided into four sections: reset vector, boot
code, parameter blocks (unused), and applicaiton code. The reset vector tells the processor where to first start executing code; in this
case, the boot code is executed first after
reset. The boot code determines if new software will be downloaded by checking if the
dip switch is in the “PROGRAM” position.
If it is, the boot code waits for new software
to be downloaded through the serial port. If
not, the application code starts.
The real time clock maintains the current date
and time, and contains nonvolatile memory
where the instrument’s operation parameters
are stored. A internal lithium battery preserves the contents of the nonvolatile memory
when the instrument is turned off. Finally, the
read-write memory is used for stacks, variables, etc., except for the small section allocated for the interrupt vectors. The interrupt
vectors tell the processor what code to run
when an interrupt occurs, and functions similarly to the reset vector.
Input/Output Map: The 64 kilo-bytes of
I/O address space control access to all peripherals such as the serial ports, application
board, etc. The processor uses 256 bytes,
called the Peripheral Control Block, to control
the integrated serial ports, timers, interrupts,
chip selects, and I/O pins. The Peripheral
Control Block is fully described in the
80C186EB/80C188EB Microprocessor User’s
Manual. The application board’s registers and
the CPU board’s registers control access to
various functions and are described later.
Memory: Two types of memory are available: read-only and read/write. The chips
used here have 8-bit wide data buses. Used in
pairs, the memory becomes compatible with
the processor’s 16-bit wide data bus. The
read-only memory is implemented using two
128 kilo-bytes x 8 bits Flash EPROMs. Flash
memory is only programmable when a programming voltage (in this case, 12 volts DC)
is applied to the memory; otherwise, it
behaves like read-only memory. The boot
code controls the programming voltage, since
this is the only place where new software can
be downloaded. The read/write memory is
implemented using two 128 kilo-bytes x 8
bits static RAMs.
Watchdog Timer: The watchdog timer provides a mechanism to reset the processor
when the software is not behaving normally.
The software “pets” the watchdog every 100 200 milliseconds. As long as the watchdog is
“petted”, nothing happens. However, if the
software stops “petting” the watchdog, the
watchdog “bites” the processor by activating
the processor’s RESET pin, causing the
processor to reset. The watchdog will also
reset the processor if the power supply falls
below 4.75 VDC. These two features allow
the instrument to recover from abnormal software and hardware conditions.
Please note that all memory addresses and
sizes are always defined in terms of bytes,
even though the processor handles words (1
word = 2 bytes, 1 byte = 8 bits; therefore, 16
bits = 1 word).
25
Real Time Clock (RTC): The real time
clock maintains the current date and time.
The RTC uses an internal clock circuit with
an internal, 10-year life, lithium battery to
The Advanced®Model 3250/4250 Service Manual
perform timekeeping. The battery also pre-
erves the contents of internal memory.
s
Dip Switch: The three-position or fourposition dip switch allows the user to download new software via one switch. The other
two switches are available for selecting different operating modes. These operating modes
and the process for downloading software are
described later in this manual.
Voltages: Three voltages are present on the
CPU board: +5 VDC, +12 VDC, and V
.
PP
+5 VDC powers all the logic. +12 VDC is
switched on and off to create the flash memory’s programming voltage, V
.
PP
Glue Logic: The glue logic performs the
functions of creating the RAM memory chip
selects, the Flash memory write signals, the
V
control signal, the watchdog control sig-
PP
nal, and accessing the dip switch. The CPU
board has two software accessible hardware
registers to read the dip switch and to control
watchdog and V
.
PP
Connectors: A 64-pin connector provides
address, data and interrupt signals. A 16-pin
connector provides general chip selects and
serial receive/transmit signals. The application PCB uses a subset of the available signals.
to a 1 mOsm/1.86mºC change. A separate
heatstone bridge circuit is used to measure
W
the voltage across each thermistor probe.
This voltage is first filtered and then sampled
by the analog-to-digital converter. The analog-to-digital converter uses a sigma-delta
conversion technique with on-chip filtering
and a 6.25 VDC reference voltage.
I/O Ports: Circuitry for the two serial ports
(RS-232 and barcode) and the parallel printer
is present on the application board, with
cabling to the actual connectors on the back
panel and the internal printer.
Display & Keypad: The display and keypad
are interfaced to the processor via programmable logic devices (PLDs). The keypad is
polled in a row/column process which identifies the key pressed to the microprocessor.
The application logic, in response to processor commands, controls the LEDs located on
the keypad.
Light Emitting Diodes (LED): LEDs are
provided to indicate when a high current load
is active, a sensor is tripped, or a voltage supply is active. Green LEDs are used on the
power supply voltages, yellow LEDs are used
on driver signals such as the fan and head
motor controls, and red LEDs are used to
indicate that the head up and down optical
sensors have been tripped.
PCB605 Application Board
The application PCB contains all circuitry
specific to the instrument. The board includes
voltage supplies, indicators, analog-to-digital
converters, drive circuitry, parallel ports, serial ports, and various switches.
Analog-to-Digital Converters: Two analogto-digital converters are provided; one for the
sample thermistor probe, and one for the
block thermistor probe. The thermistors vary
in resistance from approximately 2 kilo-ohms
at room temperature, to approximately 10
kilo-ohms at -12ºC. Typically, a 0.6 ohm
change in the thermistor’s resistance equates
The Advanced®Model 3250/4250 Service Manual
Application Logic: The application logic is
made up mainly of two programmable logic
devices (PLDs). These provide software
accessible hardware registers, enabling the
software to read the keypad, sensors, and analog-to-digital converters. These also allow
manipulation of the display, external components such as the fan, head motor, etc., and
interface to the RS-232 ports. The printer is
controlled directly from the microprocessor
through an 8-pin D-latch.
Connectors: Connectors are supplied for the
CPU PCB, display, keypad, power, drives,
probes, and back panel I/O ports.
26
Serial (RS-232) Port Interface: An RS-232
ine driver/receiver provides the microproces-
l
sor with a serial port interface that supports
both hardware and software handshaking.
The DB-9 RS-232 port conforms to the DTE
RS-232C standard and has the following pin
assignments:
The stir wire coil is controlled by the rear
anel-mounted darlington transistor
p
(PCB522). The drive circuit consists of a
programmable timer, D/A converter, and
interface op-amps. The timer provides a
square wave of approximately 71Hz, while
the D/A converter controls the output amplitude to the darlington transistor.
SignalPinDirection
Carrier Detect1to 3250
Receive Data2to 3250
Transmit Data3from 3250
Data Terminal Ready4from 3250
Signal Ground5common
Data Set Ready6to 3250
Request to Send7from 3250
Clear to Send8to 3250
Note that your instrument is only designed to
support unidirectional communication with an
external device. At this time, there is no protocol for bidirectional communication.
For a sample RS-232 Port Setup, please see
the RS-232 Supplemental Information in the
Appendix at the end of this user’s guide.
Note: This instrument requires the use of a
null modem RS-232C cable. There are
several variations on null modem
cables. Advanced Instruments recommends that you purchase a RS-232C
cable direct from our factory.
Supervisor/Operator Keyswitch Interface:
A PLD is used to interface the supervisor/
operator keyswitch to the microprocessor. In
Operator position, the user cannot change
setup or calibration settings.
Other Circuit Components
Drive Circuitry, Serial Suffix A - C: Drive
circuitry is provided to turn on and off the
four high current loads such as the stir wire,
the head motor, the thermoelectric cooler, and
the fan.
The head motor is controlled by two relays
located at the rear of the chassis that interface
the 120 VAC motor to the DC logic. One
relay raises the head, while the other relay
lowers the head. The relays get their commands from the application board via two
FETs and the application logic. LEDs are
provided on the application board for monitoring the drive signals. LEDs are also provided to monitor the signals from the head
sensor board, described below.
The thermoelectric cooler is controlled by the
FET driver transistor mounted on the rear
panel (PCB520). The FET is, in turn, controlled by the microprocessor through the
PLD application logic. The processor varies
the duty cycle square wave in response to
software commands and block probe resistance.
Drive Circuitry, Serial Suffix D and
Higher: Drive circuitry is provided to turn
on and off four system loads such as the stir
wire, the head motor, the thermoelectric cooler, and the fan.
The stir wire coil drive circuit consists of a
programmable timer, D/A converter, and
interface op-amps on the application board
(PCB605). The timer provides a square wave
of approximately 71 Hz, while the D/A converter controls the output amplitude to the
darlington transistor mounted on the driver
board (PCB523).
The thermoelectric cooler is controlled by the
microprocessor through the PLD application
logic. The processor varies the duty cycle
square wave in response to software com-
27
The Advanced®Model 3250/4250 Service Manual
mands and block probe resistance. These sig-
als are provided to the FET driver transistor
n
mounted on the driver board (PCB523).
The head motor is controlled by the application
board via two FETs and the PLD logic. LEDs
are provided on the application board for monitoring the drive signals. LEDs are also provided to monitor the signals from the head sensor
board, described below. Two active low head
up/head down signals are sent to the driver
board (PCB523) where they are converted into
acceleration, direction, and step commands for
the motor drive chip. The motor drive chip
translates these commands into current controlled outputs that move the DC stepper motor
and provide idle torque when no movement is
required. The following adjustments may be
available for the motor circuit: R10 and TP16
are used to set the initial acceleration to a rise
time of 4uS. R21 and TP15 are used to set the
run frequency to 8 Khz.
The fan is controlled by a FET transistor on
the application board, that is interfaced to the
processor through the application logic.
Head Transition Board (M20450) Description: The stir/freeze coil and the sample probe
are connected to the head transition board
which allows easy sample probe replacement.
Head Sensor Board (3D3380) Description:
This board provides two optical sensors that
interface to a PLD on the main board. These
two sensors detect the head-up and head-down
conditions.
Keypad Transition Board (FLO520)
Description: This board provides the interface
to the keypad along with pull-up resistors for
the keypad LEDs.
Barcode Port: A D-type, 15-pin barcode port
is provided in the back of the instrument for
connecting and providing power to such a
device. For proper operation, the barcode port
requires a 1200 bps, RS-232 signal providing
asynchronous serial data containing 1 start bit,
8 data bits, 1 stop bit, and no parity.
A suitable barcode scanner is available from
Advanced Instruments. To interface with the
instrument, the barcode scanner must be programmed as follows, referring to the scanner
users guide.
1200 bps
CR suffix
disable beep after good decode
triggerless trigger mode (optional)
Internal Printer, Serial Suffix A - C: The
internal printer assembly (325400) consists of
the sheet metal mounting bracket, thermal print
head (FL0403), thermal printer PCB (FL0402),
and thermal printer PC board assembly
(PCB400). All of this is connected to the application board (PCB605) via cable (M20465).
Note: The internal printer may be powered by
+5 VDC (red/orange wire) or +12 VDC
(violet wire). Consult system schematics
for proper service.
Internal Printer, Serial D and Higher: The
internal printer assembly (325420) consists of
the sheet metal mounting bracket, thermal print
head (325404), main control board (325421),
printer interface board (PCB402), and the control cable (325419). All of this is connected to
the application board (PCB605) via cable
(325415), and on some models via cable
(325033).
The printer interface board (PCB402) contains
the power circuit converting +12 VDC into +5
VDC, a feed/self-test switch (S1), and some
diagnostic LEDs. If the self-test switch is
depressed as instrument power is applied, the
printer will enter self-test mode and print out
settings and a test character set. The LEDs
indicate the operation of the paper-out detector
(D1 yellow) and the door/platen-closed detector
(D2 red). POWER CONNECTION TO J1
The Advanced®Model 3250/4250 Service Manual
28
SHOULD NOT BE RECONNECTED
WITH INSTRUMENT POWER ON, OR
DAMAGE TO THE INSTRUMENT MAY
RESULT.
The printer control board (325421) translates
the data from the application board (PDCB605)
into control signals for the print head thermal
elements and drive motor (325404). This board
also contains a factory-set configuration DIP
switch (DS1) and jumper (JP1).
On models equipped with cable (325033), a
compatible version of main board set (325605)
board (PCB402), diagnostic LEDs, and a test
switch are available in the lower right corner
of the larger board (PCB605). D19 is a red
LED that will indicate the printer door/platen
interface is not closed or, if blinking, one of
several printer errors have occurred, requiring
factory assistance. D20 is a yellow LED that
will indicate the paper is out or not detected
when the door is closed. SW1 is a momentary
switch that will cause the paper to advance
when pressed or, if held down while main
power is switched on, will place the printer
into self-test mode.
and a properly configured printer interface
Design Changes
The serial number suffix (referred to in this manual simply as the suffix) indicates the revision of the
instrument. The chart below lists the major changes made at each revision of the 3250 Osmometer and
4250 Cryoscope.
Model 3250
OsmometerDescription
Serial Suffix ‘A’Original model released.
January 2004
Serial Suffix ‘B’Base chassis and cover reMay 2007designed.
Serial Suffix ‘C’Up/Down relay PC boards reOctober 2007designed into a single RoHS-
compliant PC board.
Serial Suffix ‘D’**MAJOR REVISION**
September 2009AC head motor and supporting
components replaced with a DC
stepper motor, multi-driver PC
board and power supply, Seiko
thermal printer assembly with
thread-through paper loading and
supporting components replaced
with a Citizen thermal printer
assembly with easy-load paper
loading.
Serial Suffix ‘E’Application board redesigned to
October 2010power display and keypad LEDs
from VCC +5 VDC line. Main
harness redesigned.
Model 4250
CryoscopeDescription
Serial Suffix ‘A’Original model released.
November 2005
Serial Suffix ‘B’Base chassis and cover reMay 2007designed.
Serial Suffix ‘C’Up/Down relay PC boards reOctober 2007designed into a single RoHS-
compliant PC board.
Serial Suffix ‘D’**MAJOR REVISION**
September 2009AC head motor and supporting
components replaced with a DC
stepper motor, multi-driver PC
board and power supply, Seiko
thermal printer assembly with
thread-through paper loading and
supporting components replaced
with a Citizen thermal printer
assembly with easy-load paper
loading.
Serial Suffix ‘E’Application board redesigned to
October 2010power display and keypad LEDs
from VCC +5 VDC line. Main
harness redesigned.
29
The Advanced®Model 3250/4250 Service Manual
Replacement Parts
Serial Suffix D and higher has some different replacement parts from Serial Suffix A - C, although many
parts have remained common. Before selecting a replacement part, check the serial suffix of the instrument
on the serial suffix label on the rear of the instrument, then refer to the proper section. Refer to the Design