ADTRAN Express 4100 User Manual

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Express 4100 and

Express 4110

ISDN Router/Bridge

USER MANUAL

Express 4100, Data Only 1200176L1 Express 4110 with POTS Option 1200176L2

61200176L2-1A December 1998

Trademark:

DMS-100 is a trademark of Northern Telecom, Inc. Ethernet is a trademark of Digital Equipment Corporation, Intel Corporation, and Xerox Corporation. ExpertISDN (patent number 5,715,241) is a trademark of ADTRAN, Inc. Macintosh is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. Novell, NetWare, and Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) are re gistered tradema rks of Novell, Inc. Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. 5ESS is a registered trademark of LUCENT.

The Express 4100 and Express 4110 incorporate Synchronous Data Compression based on either IBM or hi/fn proprietary intellectual property depending on the time of manufacture. The following trademarks and copyrights are applicable:

Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation, advertising materials , and other materials related to such distribution and use acknowledge that the software was developed by Carnegie Mellon University. The name of the University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permissi on. This software is provided “as is” and without any express or implied warranties, including, without limitation, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.

hi/fn 5993 Avenida Encinas Carlsbad, CA

901 Explorer Boulevard

P.O. Box 140000

Huntsville, AL 35814-4000

Phone: (256) 963-8000

Printed in USA.

FCC regulations require that the following info rmation be provided in thi s manual:

1. This equipment complies with Part 68 of the FCC rules. On the bottom of the equipment housing is a label that shows the FCC registration number and Ringer Equivalence Number (REN) for this equipment. If requested, provide this information to the telephone company.

2. If this equipment causes harm to the telephone network, the telephone company may temporarily discontinue service. If possible, advance notification is given; otherwise, notif ication is given as soon as possible. The telephone company will advise the customer of the right to file a complaint with the FCC.

3. The telephone company may make changes in its facilities, equipment, operations, or procedures that could affect the proper operation of this equipment; advance notification and the opportunity to maintain uninterrupted service is given.

4. If experiencing difficulty with this equipment, please contact ADTRAN for repair and warranty information. The telephone company may require this equipment to be disconnected from the network until the problem is corrected or it is certain the equipment is not malfunctioning.

5. This unit contains no user serviceable parts.

6. An FCC compliant telephone cord with a modular plug is provided with this equipment. In addition, an FCC compliant cable appropriate for the dial backup option ordered is provided with this equipment. This equipment is designed to be connected to the telephone network or premises wiring using an FCC compatible modular jack, which is Part 68 compliant.

7. The following information may be required when applying to the local telephone company for leased line facilities.

Service Type Digital Facility

Interface Code

ISDN 021S5 6.0N RJ-49C

Service Order

Code

Network

Jacks

T o ADTRAN service personnel: For continued protection against risk of fire, r eplace F1 with the same type and rating of fuse only: .2A, 250 V.

FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION RADIO FREQUENCY

INTERFERENCE STATEMENT

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio or TV reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on. The user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.

• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly ap proved by ADTRAN will void the user's authority to operate the equipment.

YEAR 2000 Compliance

All Adtran transmission hardware and software have been tested and found to be fully compliant with the YEAR 2000 requirements. This is true for all models and revisions regardless of the date of manufacture or delivery.

Users who wish to independently verify that specific products are in compliance may contact ADTRAN Technical Support at 1-888-423-8726.

CANADIAN EMISSIONS REQUIREMENTS

This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the interference-causing equipment standard entitled "Digital Apparatus," ICES-003 of the Department of Communications.

Cet appareil nuerique respecte les limites de bruits radioelectriques applicables aux appareils numeriques de Class B prescrites dans la norme sur le materiel brouilleur: "Appareils Numeriques," NMB-003 edictee par le ministre des Communications.

CANADIAN EQUIPMENT LIMITATIONS

Notice: The Canadian Industry and Science Canada label identifies certified equipment. This certification means that the equipment meets certain telecommunications network protective, operational, and safety requirements. The Department does not guarantee the equipment will operate to the user’s satisfaction.

Before installing this equipment, ensure that it is permissible to be connected to the facilities of the local telecommunications company. The equipment must also be installed using an acceptable method of connection. In some cases, the company’s inside wiring associated with a single-line individual service may be extended by means of a certified connector assembly (telephone extension cord). Compliance with the above conditions may not prevent degradation of service in some situations.

Repairs to certified equipment should be made by an authorized Canadian maintenance facility designated by the supplier. Any repairs or alterations made by the user to this equipment, or equipment malfunctions, may give the telecommunications company cause to request the user to disconnect the equipment.

Users should ensure for their own protection that the electrical gr ound connection s of the power utility, telephone lines, and internal metallic water pipe system, if present, are connected together. This precaution may be particularly important in rural areas.

Users should not attempt to make such connections them selves, but should contact the appropriate electric inspection authority, or an electrician, as appropriate.

The Lo ad Number (LN) assigned to each terminal device denotes the per centage of the total load to be connected to a telephone loop which is used by the device, to prevent overloading. The termination on a loop may consist of any combination of devices subject only to the requirement that the total of the Load Numbers of all devices does not exceed 100.

IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

When using your telephone equipment, basic safety precautions should always be followed to reduce the risk of fire, electric shock and injury to persons. The precautions are listed below.

1. Do not use this product near water (for example, near a bath tub, wash

bowl, kitchen sink or laundry tub, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool).

2. Avoid using a telephone (other than a cordless type) during an electrical

storm. There may be a remote risk of electric shock from lightning.

3. Do not use the telephone to report a gas leak in the vici nity of the leak.

4. Use only the power cord, power supply, and/or batteries indicated in the

manual. Do not dispose of batteries in a fire. They may explode. Check local codes for any special disposal instructions.

SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS.

AFFIDAVIT REQUIREMENTS FOR CONNECTION TO DIGITAL SERVICES

• An affidavit is required to be given to the telephone company whenever

digital terminal equipment without encoded analog content and billing protection is used to transmit digital signals containing encoded analog content which are intended for eventual conver sion into voiceband analog signals and transmitted on the netwo r k.

• The affidavit shall affirm that either no encoded analog content or billing

information is being transmitted or that the output of the device meets Part 68 encoded analog content or billing protection specif ications.

• End user/customer will be responsible to file an affidavit with the lo cal ex-

change carrier when connecting unprotected CPE to a 1.544 Mbps or subrate digital services.

• Until such time as subrate digital terminal equipment is registered for

voice applications, the affidavit requirement for subrate services is waived.

AFFIDAVIT FOR CONNECTION OF CUSTOMER PREMISES EQUIPMENT TO

1.544 MBPS AND/OR SUBRATE DIGITAL SERVICES

For the work to be performed in the certified territory of _______________ (telco name) State of ________________ County of ________________ I, _____________________________ (name), _____________________ (business address), ____________________ (telephone number) being duly sworn, state: I have responsibility for the operation and maintenance of the terminal equip-

ment to be connected to 1.544 Mbps and/or __ ______ subrate digital services. The terminal equipment to be connected complies with Part 68 of the FCC rules except for the encoded analog content and billing protection specifications. With respect to encoded analog content and billing protection:

( ) I attest that all operations associated with the establishment, maintenance, and adjustment of the digital CPE with respect to analog content and encoded billing protection information continuously complies with Part 68 of the FCC Rules and Regulations.

( ) The digital CPE does not transmit digital signals containing encoded analog content or billing information which is intended to be decoded within the telecommunications network.

( ) The encoded analog content and billing protection is factory set and is not under the control of the customer.

I attest that the operator(s)/maintainer(s) of the digital CPE responsible for the establishment, maintenance, and adjustment of the encoded analog content and billing information has (have) been trained to perform these functions by successfully having completed one of the followin g (ch e ck appropriate blocks):

( ) A. A training course provided by the manufacturer/grantee of the equipment used to encode analog signals; or

( ) B. A training course provided by the customer or authorized representative, using training materials and instructions provided by the manufacturer/ grantee of the equipment used to encode analog signals; or

( ) C. An independent training course (e.g., trade school or technical institution) recognized by the manufacturer/grantee of the equipment used to encode analog signals; or

( ) D. In lieu of the preceding training requirements, the operator(s)/maintainer(s) is (are) under the control of a supervisor trained in accordance with _________ (circle one) above.

I agree to provide _________________ (telco's name) with proper documentation to demonstrate compliance with the information as provided in the preceding paragraph, if so requested.

_______________ ___ _______________Si gnature _______________ ___ _______________Ti tle _________________________________ Date Transcribed and sworn to before me This ________ day of ________, 199___ _________________________________ Notary Public My commission expires: _________________________________

Table of Contents

Quick Startup Guide.................................................................................................... Quick Start-1

Setting up the ISDN Line ...............................................................................................Quick Start-1

Connecting to an Internet Service Provider ................................................................Quick Start-2

Internet Access using Network Address Translation (NAT) .....................Quick Start-2

Multiprotocol Routing Between Two LANS ...............................................................Quick Start-3

Remote/Home Office Accessing the Corporate LAN .................................Quick Start-3

Chapter 1 Understanding ISDN and the Express 4100/4110................................................... 1-1

ISDN Overview ............................. ...... ................................. ...... .................................. ..... . ..... ..........1-1

The Express 4100/4110 .....................................................................................................................1-1

Applications ......................................................................................................................... 1-2

Single User to Corporate LAN .............................................................1-2

Single User IP to Internet Service Provider (ISP) using Network Ad-

dress Translation (NAT) .......................................................................1-3

Multiple Users to Internet Service Provider (ISP) using NAT ........1-4

Small Office - Home Office (SOHO) to Corporate LAN ..................1-5

Demand Routing and Bridging with the Express 4100/4110 ......................................1-6

Factory Default ..................................................................................................... 1-6

Bridging ................................................................................................................. 1-7

IP Routing.............................................................................................................. 1-8

IPX Routing........................................................................................................... 1-9

Connection List - Simplifying and Enhancing the Dial Function ................. 1-9

Concurrent Routing and Bridging ...................................................................................1-9

Routing over PPP Bridging ...............................................................................................1-9

Network Address Translation Mode .............................................................................1-10

61200176L2-1 Express 4100/4110 User Manual i

Table of Contents

Front Panel ......................................................................................................................... 1-10

LAN Indicators................................................................................................... 1-10

WAN Indicators ................................................................................................. 1-10

Test Indicators..................................................................................................... 1-10

Rear Panel ..........................................................................................................................1-11

ISDN Connection .................................................................................. ...... ......................1-11

Ordering ISDN ..................................................................................................................1-13

Interoperability .................................................................................................................1-13

Connecting to the Internet ...............................................................................................1-13

Configuration .................................................................................................................... 1-14

Security ............................................................................................................................... 1-14

Chapter 2 Installation..................................................................................................................... 2-1

ISDN Network Connection ................................................... ..... .................................. ...... .............2-1

Local Area Network Connection .................................................................................................... 2-1

Telephone Connection (4110 Only) ................................................................................................2-2

Basic Telephone Service .....................................................................................................2-2

Supplementary Services ....................................................................................................2-2

DTMF Keypad ..................................................................................................................... 2-2

Customer Premises Wiring ....................................................................... ..... ...... ............. 2-3

Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure................................................................ 3-1

Terminal Menu Structure .................................................................................................................3-1

Configuration ...................................................................................................................... 3-3

Dial ........................................................................................................................................3-3

Status .................................................................................................................................... 3-3

Test ........................................................................................................................................3-3

Logs .......................................................................................................................................3-3

Utilities ................................................................................................................................. 3-3

Navigating the Terminal Menus .....................................................................................................3-4

General Layout .............................................. ...... ...... .................................. ..... ...................3-4

Menu Path ............................................................................................................................3-4

Moving Around ..................................................................................................................3-4

Submenus [+] or [DATA] .....................................................................3-4

Activation Field <+> ..............................................................................3-4

Editable Data Field ................................................................................3-4

Read-Only Field .....................................................................................3-4

Navigation with the Keyboard ............................................................3-5

Security Levels ....................................................................................................................3-7

ii Express 4100/4110 User Manual 61200176L2-1

Table of Contents

Configuration Menu .........................................................................................................................3-8

Configuration/System Info ...............................................................................................3-8

System Name ........................................................................................................ 3-8

System Location.................................................................................................... 3-9

System Contact ..................................................................................................... 3-9

Firmware Revision............................................................................................... 3-9

System Uptime...................................................................................................... 3-9

Configuration/WAN .......................................................................................................3-10

WAN/ISDN........................................................................................................ 3-10

ISDN/Dial Line ...................................................... ..... .........................3-10

Dial Line/ExpertISDN ................................................................3-11

Dial Line/Switch Protocol .........................................................3-11

Dial Line/Area Code ..................................................................3-11

Dial Line/SPID 1 .........................................................................3-11

Dial Line/LDN 1 or 2 ..................................................................3-12

ISDN/Leased Line ...............................................................................3-12

Leased Line/Clock Mode ......................................................... ..3-12

Leased Line/Channel Rate ............................... ...... ...... .............3-12

ISDN/NEBEs ........................................................................................ 3-13

ISDN/FEBEs ......................................................................................... 3-13

WAN/POTS........................................................................................................ 3-13

POTS/POTS Assignment ....................................................................3-13

POTS/NI-1 Conference FI ..................................................................3-13

POTS/NI-1 Transfer FI ........................................................................3-13

POTS/Speech Calltype Routing ........................................................3-14

Configuration/IP .............................................................................................................. 3-15

IP/IP Address..................................................................................................... 3-15

IP/Subnet Mask.................................................................................................. 3-15

IP/Default Gateway........................................................................................... 3-16

IP/Static Routes.................................................................................................. 3-16

Static Routes/Active ............................................................................3-16

Static Routes/IP Address ....................................................................3-16

Static Routes/Subnet Mask ................................................................3-16

Static Routes/Gateway .......................................................................3-16

Static Routes/Hops ..............................................................................3-16

Static Routes/Private ...........................................................................3-17

IP/IP Router........................................................................................................ 3-17

IP Router/Mode ...................................................................................3-17

IP/RIP .................................................................................................... 3-17

61200176L2-1 Express 4100/4110 User Manual iii

Table of Contents

Configuration/IPX ........................................................................................................... 3-22

Configuration/Bridge ...................................................................................................... 3-25

RIP/Mode .....................................................................................3-17

RIP/Protocol ................................................................................ 3-17

RIP/Method ................................................................................. 3-17

RIP/Direction .............................................................................. 3-18

RIP/V2 Secret ..............................................................................3-18

IP/NAT................................................................................................................ 3-18

NAT/DHCP Mode ..............................................................................3-18

NAT/DHCP Renewal Time ...............................................................3-18

NAT/Web Server .................................................................................3-19

IP/DNS................................................................................................................ 3-19

DNS/Domain Name ...........................................................................3-19

DNS/Server 1 ....................................................................................... 3-19

DNS/Server 2 ....................................................................................... 3-19

IP/UDP Relay................................................... .................................. ...... .......... 3-19

UDP Relay/Mode .......................................................... ......................3-20

UDP Relay/UDP Relay List ............................................................... 3-20

UDP Relay List/Relay Address ................................................ 3-20

UDP Relay List/UDP Port Type ...............................................3-20

UDP Relay List/UDP Port 1, UDP Port 2, UDP Port 3 .......... 3-20

IP/Proxy ARP..................................................................................................... 3-21

IPX/Mode............................................................................................................ 3-22

IPX/Network...................................................................................................... 3-22

IPX/Frame Type................................................................................................. 3-23

IPX/Seed Status.................................................................................................. 3-23

IPX/RIP Timer.................................................................................................... 3-24

IPX/SAP Timer................................................................................................... 3-24

Bridge/Mode...................................................................................................... 3-25

Bridge/WAN IP Bridge..................................................................................... 3-26

WAN IP Bridge/Network .................................................................. 3-26

WAN IP Bridge/Netmask ..................................................................3-26

WAN IP Bridge/Triggered ................................................................3-26

WAN IP Bridge/Proxy ARP ..............................................................3-26

Bridge/WAN IPX Bridge.................................................................................. 3-26

WAN IPX Bridge/Network ...............................................................3-27

WAN IPX Bridge/Frame Type ..........................................................3-27

WAN IPX Bridge/Seed Status ...........................................................3-27

WAN IPX Bridge/Triggered ..............................................................3-27

iv Express 4100/4110 User Manual 61200176L2-1

Table of Contents

Bridge/Address Table....................................................................................... 3-28

Address Table/Aging .........................................................................3-28

Address Table/Forward Policy .........................................................3-28

Configuration/Security ...................................................................................................3-29

Security/Authentication ................................................................................... 3-29

Security/When ................................................................................................... 3-30

Security/Radius Server ..................................................................................... 3-30

Radius Server/Primary Server ..........................................................3-30

Radius Server/Secondary Server ......................................................3-30

Radius Server/UDP Port ....................................................................3-30

Radius Server/Secret ...........................................................................3-30

Radius Server/Retry Count ................................................................3-31

Security/PPP....................................................................................................... 3-31

Security/Filter Defines...................................................................................... 3-32

Filter Defines /MAC Filter Defines ...................................................3-32

Filter Defines /Pattern Filter Defines ................................................3-33

Filter Defines /IP Filter Defines .........................................................3-33

Filter Defines /IPX Filter Defines ......................................................3-34

Configuration/Connection List ............................................ ...... ...... ..............................3-36

Connection List/Description............................................................................ 3-37

Connection List/Active..................................................................................... 3-37

Connection List/Authentication...................................................................... 3-37

Authentication/Tx Method ................................................................3-39

Authentication/Tx Username ............................................................3-39

Authentication/Tx Password .............................................................3-39

Authentication/Rx Username ......................................... ...................3-39

Authentication/Rx Password ............................................................3-40

Authentication/Call ID 1 ....................................................................3-40

Authentication/Call ID 2 ....................................................................3-40

Connection List/IP............................................................................................. 3-40

IP/Mode ................................................................................................ 3-40

IP/NAT ................................................................................................. 3-40

IP/Route ................................................................................................3-41

Route/IP/Net .............................................................................. 3-41

Route/Netmask ........................................................................... 3-41

Route/Static Route ......................................................................3-41

Route/Private ..............................................................................3-42

Route/Hops .................................................................................3-42

Route/Force IP ................................... ...... .................................. ..3-42

61200176L2-1 Express 4100/4110 User Manual v

Table of Contents

IP/RIP .................................................................................................... 3-42

RIP/Mode .....................................................................................3-42

RIP/Protocol ................................................................................ 3-42

RIP/Method ................................................................................. 3-43

RIP/Direction .............................................................................. 3-43

RIP/Triggered ............................................................................. 3-43

RIP/Retain ...................................................................................3-43

Connection List/IPX.......................................................................................... 3-44

IPX/Mode ............................................................................................. 3-44

IPX/Remote Network .........................................................................3-44

IPX/Triggered ...................................................................................... 3-44

IPX/Retain ............................................................................................ 3-44

IPX/Type 20 Packets ........................................................................... 3-45

Connection List/Bridge..................................................................................... 3-45

Bridge/Mode ........................................................................................3-45

Connection List/Probe...................................................................................... 3-46

Probe/Active ........................................................................................ 3-46

Probe/Interval ......................................................................................3-46

Probe/Update Window ..................................................... ................. 3-46

Connection List/PPP......................................................................................... 3-47

PPP/Multilink ...................................................................................... 3-47

Multilink/Mode .......................................................................... 3-47

Multilink/Fragment ................................................................... 3-47

Multilink/BACP .......................................................................... 3-47

PPP/Compression ............................................................................... 3-48

PPP/VJ Compression ..........................................................................3-48

PPP/Max Config ..................................................................................3-48

PPP/Max Timer ...................................................................................3-48

PPP/Max Failure .................................................................................3-49

Connection List/Dial Out................................................................................. 3-49

Dial Out/Number 1 .............................................................................3-49

Dial Out/Number 2 .............................................................................3-49

Dial Out/Call Type ....................................................... ..... ...... ........... 3-49

Dial Out/Redial at 56K .......................................................................3-50

Dial Out/Delay .................................................. ...... ...... ......................3-50

Dial Out/Connection Timeout ..........................................................3-50

Dial Out/Attempts ........................... ...... ...... .................................. .....3-51

Dial Out/Initial Channels ............................................. ..... ................. 3-51

Connection List/Bandwidth............................................................................. 3-51

vi Express 4100/4110 User Manual 61200176L2-1

Table of Contents

Bandwidth/On Demand ................................. .................................. ..3-51

Bandwidth/Mode .......................................................................3-51

Bandwidth/Idle Timeout ...........................................................3-51

Bandwidth/Preempt Time .........................................................3-51

Bandwidth/Upper Threshold ...................................................3-52

Bandwidth/Lower Threshold ...................................................3-52

Bandwidth/Min Channels .........................................................3-52

Bandwidth/Max Channels ........................................................3-52

Bandwidth/Samples ...........................................................................3-53

Samples/Sample Rate .................................................................3-53

Samples/Samples ........................................................................ 3-53

Samples/Time Between Changes .............................................3-53

Connection List/Filters ..................................................................................... 3-53

Filters/WAN-to-LAN (In) ..................................................................3-53

Filters/In Exceptions ...........................................................................3-54

Filters/LAN-to-WAN (Out) ...............................................................3-55

Filters/Out Exceptions ........................................................................3-55

Filters/Demand Dial ........................................................ ...... ..... ........3-55

Filters/Dem Dial Exceptions ..............................................................3-56

Configuration/Management ...........................................................................................3-57

Management/Telnet/Web................................................................................ 3-57

Telnet/Server Access ........................................................ ...... ..... ........3-58

Telnet/User List ...................................................................................3-58

User List/Name ...........................................................................3-58

User List/Authen Method .........................................................3-58

User List/Password ....................................................................3-58

User List/Idle Time .....................................................................3-58

User List/Level ............................................................................3-59

Management/SNMP.......................................................................................... 3-59

SNMP Access ........................................................................................3-59

SNMP/Communities ..........................................................................3-59

Communities/Name ...................................................................3-59

Communities/Privilege ..............................................................3-59

Communities/Manager IP .........................................................3-60

SNMP/Traps ........................................................................................3-60

Traps/Manager Name ................................................................3-60

Traps/Manager IP .......................................................................3-60

Management/Maint Port.................................................................................. 3-60

Maint Port/Password Protect ............................................................3-60

61200176L2-1 Express 4100/4110 User Manual vii

Table of Contents

Maint Port/Password .........................................................................3-60

Maint Port/Baud Rate .........................................................................3-61

Maint Port/Data Bits ...........................................................................3-61

Maint Port/Parity ................................................................................3-61

Maint Port/Stop Bits ........................................................................... 3-61

Configuration/Terminal Mode ......................................................................................3-61

Dial Menu .......................................................... ...... .................................. ..... ..................................3-62

Dial/Description ...............................................................................................................3-62

Dial/Dial ............................................................................................................................ 3-62

Dial/Hang Up ...................................................................................................................3-63

Dial/Status ........................................................................................................................ 3-63

Dial/Channels ...................................................................................................................3-63

Dial/Number 1 .................................................................................................................3-63

Dial/Number 2 .................................................................................................................3-63

Status Menu .....................................................................................................................................3-64

Status/Call Sessions .........................................................................................................3-65

Call Sessions/Session1 and Call Sessions/Session2..................................... 3-65

Call Sessions/Spanning Tree............................................................................ 3-66

Status/ARP Cache ........................................ ...... ...... ..... ...... .................................. ...... .....3-66

Status/Bridge Table ......................................................................................................... 3-67

Status/IP Routes ...............................................................................................................3-67

Status/IPX Routes ............................................................................................................3-68

Status/IPX Servers ........................................................................................................... 3-69

Status/WAN Stats ............................................................................................................3-70

Status/LAN Stats ...................................................... ..... .................................. ...... ...........3-70

Status/IP Stats ................................................................................................................... 3-71

Test Menu .........................................................................................................................................3-73

Test Menu/Echo Request ................................................................................................ 3-73

Test Menu/Dial Self .........................................................................................................3-73

Logs Menu ........................................................................................................................................ 3-74

Logs/Sys log Host ............................................................................................................3-75

Logs/PPP Log ...................................................................................................................3-75

PPP Log/Active.................................................................................................. 3-75

PPP Log/Wrap................................................................................................... 3-75

PPP Log/Level.................................................................................................... 3-75

PPP Log/View.................................................................................................... 3-75

PPP Log/Clear.................................................................................................... 3-75

Logs/Call Log ...................................................................................................................3-75

Call Log/Active.................................................................................................. 3-76

viii Express 4100/4110 User Manual 61200176L2-1

Table of Contents

Call Log/Wrap ................................................................................................... 3-76

Call Log/Level.................................................................................................... 3-76

Call Log/View.................................................................................................... 3-76

Call Log/Clear.................................................................................................... 3-76

Logs/Network Log ...........................................................................................................3-76

Network Log/Active ................................................ ...... .................................. . 3-76

Network Log/Wrap................................. .................................. ...... .................. 3-76

Network Log/Level............................ ..... .................................. ...... .................. 3-77

Network Log/View ............................................. .................................. ..... ....... 3-77

Network Log/Clear .................................................. ...... .................................. . 3-77

Utilities Menu ..................................................................................................................................3-78

Utilities/Ping .....................................................................................................................3-78

Utilities/Telnet Client ........................................... .................................. ...... ...... .............3-79

Utilities/Upgrade Menu ..................................................................................................3-79

Upgrade/Transfer Method............................................................................... 3-79

Upgrade/Filename............................................................................................. 3-79

Upgrade/Start Transfer....................................... ..... .................................. ...... . 3-80

Utilities/Exit ...................................................................................................................... 3-80

Chapter 4 Troubleshooting ........................................................................................................... 4-1

If Self-Test Fails ..................................................................................................................................4-1

If the Express 4100/4110 does not read Ready .............................................................................4-1

If You are Unable to Connect Calls .................................................................................................4-6

Chapter 5 Specifications................................................................................................................ 5-1

Specifications and Features ..............................................................................................................5-1

Network Interface ...................................... ...... .................................. ....5-1

Ethernet Interface (LAN) ......................................................................5-1

Switch Compatibility .............................................................................5-1

Dual POTS Interface ......................................................... .....................5-1

Display .....................................................................................................5-2

Environmental ........................................................................................ 5-2

Physical .................................................................................................... 5-3

Power ....................................................................................................... 5-3

Appendix A Loop Status Messages ............................................................................................A-1

Appendix B Log Messages ........................................................................................................... B-1

61200176L2-1 Express 4100/4110 User Manual ix

Table of Contents

Appendix C SNMP ........................................................................................................................ C-1

Appendix D Connector Pinouts ..................................................................................................D-1

Appendix E Terminal Mode Commands ...................................................................................E-1

Appendix F Frame Relay Firmware Version .............................................................................F-1

Glossary ............................................................................................................................... Glossary-1

Acronyms........................................................................................................................... Acronyms-1

Index............................................................................................................................ ..... .......... Index-1

x Express 4100/4110 User Manual 61200176L2-1

List of Figures

Figure 1-1. Express 4100/4110T .....................................................................................................1-2

Figure 1-2. Single User to Corporate LAN ...................................................................................1-2

Figure 1-3. Single User to Internet Service Provider ..................................................................1-3

Figure 1-4. Multiple User to Internet Service Provider ..............................................................1-4

Figure 1-5. SOHO to Corporate LAN ...........................................................................................1-5

Figure 1-6. Express 4100/4110 LEDs ..........................................................................................1-11

Figure 1-7. Express 4100/4110 Rear Panel .................................................................................1-12

Figure 2-1. Wiring Scheme 1: Use existing analog telephone equipment, but replace single

analog telephone service with ISDN service .................................................................................2-4

Figure 2-2. Wiring Scheme 2: Retain single analog telephone service and add

ISDN service ......................................................................................................................................2-5

Figure 3-1. Top Level Terminal Menu ..........................................................................................3-2

Figure 3-2. Configuration/System Info Screen ...........................................................................3-8

Figure 3-3. Configuration/WAN Screen ....................................................................................3-10

Figure 3-4. Configuration/IP Screen ..........................................................................................3-15

Figure 3-5. Configuration/IPX Screen ........................................................................................3-22

Figure 3-6. Configuration/Bridge Screen ..................................................................................3-25

Figure 3-7. Configuration/Security Screen ................................................................................3-29

Figure 3-8. Configuration/Connection List Screen ..................................................................3-36

Figure 3-9. Configuration/Management Screen .......................................................................3-57

Figure 3-10.Dial Screen ..................................................................................................................3-62

Figure 3-11.Status Screen ...............................................................................................................3-64

Figure 3-12.Test Screen ..................................................................................................................3-73

Figure 3-13.Logs Screen .................................................................................................................3-74

Figure 3-14.Utilities Screen ............................................................................................................3-78

Figure F-1. Configuration/Frame Relay Screen ..........................................................................F-1

Figure F-2. Status/Sessions Screen (with Frame Relay) ...........................................................F-10

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List of Figures

xii Express L100/L100T User Manual 61200176L2-1

List of Tables

Table 2-1. Using the Flash-Hook.................................................................................................. 2-3

Table 4-1. Troubleshooting Calls................................................................................................. 4-6

Table D-1. IBM/AT Style EIA-232 Interface .............................................................................. D-1

Table D-2. RJ-49C ISDN ............................................................................................................... D-1

Table D-3. RJ-11 POTS........................................................................................................... ...... .. D-2

Table D-4. 10BaseT Ethernet......................................................................................................... D-2

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List of Tables

xiv Express L100/L100T User Manual 61200176L2-1

SETTING UP THE ISDN LINE

Before configuring the Express 4100/4110, ensure that the telephone service has provided the switch type, service profile identification (SPID), and local directory number (LDN).

Example:

Switch Type National ISDN-1 SPID1 20555512120100 SPID2 20555512130100 LDN1 5551212 LDN2 5551213

1. Connect a VT 100 async terminal, or personal computer with a termi-

nal emulator running 9600 N-8-1, to the MAINTENANCE port.

2. Hold down the Control key and press R; then press Enter to display

the top menu.

3. Using the arrow keys and Enter key to navigate the menu, go to the Configuration/W A N/ISDN/Dial Line menu. Enter the SPIDs, LDNs, and switch type.

4. Use the left arrow key or the Escape key to go back up the menu tree. When asked to save ISDN parameters, type y.

5. Connect the ISDN line to the RJ-49C jack labeled ISDN on the rear panel.

6. When the PWR LED remains solid, the Express 4100/4110 is ready for calling.

Quick Startup Guide

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Quick Startup Guide

7. If using a POTS phone with the Express 4110, connect the POTS telephone to the POTS port.

If the SPID(s) does not work or is unknown, try activating the ExpertISDN™ feature. First enter the area code and local directory number(s); then press the Enter key over the ExpertISDN activator.

CONNECTING TO AN INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER Internet Access using Network Address Translation (NAT)

1. Connect the 10BaseT cable from the PC’s network card to the Express 4100/4110.

2. Go to the Configuration/Connection List menu, and then press the right arrow key to place the cursor on the Num column.

3. Type I to insert a new Connection List entry.

4. Using the arrow keys, move the cursor over the Num column for the inserted entry. Press Enter to place the subentries into the right pane.

5. Set the Description to an identifiable name (i.e., ISP).

6. Go into the Authentication field and select PA P or CHAP for the Tx Method.

7. Enter your user name and password (provided by your ISP) into the Tx Username and Tx Password fields.

8. Move the cursor to the left pane and highlight the IP parameters.

9. Set the NAT item to Yes. This is a very important step. The Express 4100/41 10 wi ll need to translate the “ fake” IP addr ess(es) on the PC(s) to the “real” address provided dynamically by the ISP. See “IP/NAT” on page 3-18 for more details.

10. All other IP parameters should be left at their default settings. Navigate over to the Dial Out parameters.

11. Enter the number into Number 1. If configured for two B-channel (PPP Multilink) by the ISP, enter Number 2 if it exists and set Initial Channels to 2.

12. Arrow left until the message Save Connection List Changes appears. Type y to save.

13. Go to the Configuration/I P menu and enter an IP address and net mask into the IP Address and Subnet Mask fields. The factory default setting will work just as well (10.0.0.1, 255.255.255.0).

14. Go into the Configuration/IP/NAT submenu and set DHCP Mode to On.

15. Arrow left to save the configuration.

Quick Start-2 Express 4100/4110 User Manual 61200176L2-1

16. Go into the Dial menu.

17. Set the cursor over the Dial parameter for the Connection List profile

you just set up.

18. Press Enter; the Express 4100/4110 will start dialing.

19. If the call is successful, the Status column will read active. If not,

make sure the number(s) are correct or reference “Troubleshooting” on page 4-1 before going on to the next step.

20. Once the call is up, the PC must generate a DHCP request to obtain the IP parameters needed to get on the Internet. Refer to your PC’s user manual or help screen.

MULTIPROTOCOL ROUTING BETWEEN TWO LANS Remote/Home Office Accessing the Corporate LAN

The following steps can be used to set up the Express 4100/4110 on a remote LAN to access a corporate or central LAN using demand dial and dynamic bandwidth management.

1. Connect the 10BaseT cable from the hub to the Express 4100/4110.

2. Set the IP address and Subnet Mask assigned by the network a dministrator in the Configuration/IP menu.

3. For the Default Gateway, enter the IP address of the access server at the remote site. This creates a default route in the IP routing table that will be used with the dial-on-demand feature in the Express 4100/4110.

4. Use the arrow keys to get to the Configuration/IPX menu. Set the Network va lue t o t he IPX network supplied by the network adm in i strator. Set the Seed Status to Seed. Arrow left and save the changes with a y when prompted.

5. Move to the Configuration/Connection List. Use the arrow keys to move the cursor over the Num column. Type I to insert a new entry.

6. Move the cursor over the Description field and press Enter. A pop up window appears in which to enter a name for this Connection List profile.

7. Move the cursor over the Authentication menu and press Return. This will place the authentication parameters into the right pane.

8. Enter the username and password under Tx Username and Tx Pass- word. These items should be provided by the administrator at the site being dialed.

Quick Startup Guide

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Quick Startup Guide

9. Use the down arrow to display the IP menu parameters in the right

pane.

10. Move the cursor over the Route menu and press Return.

11. Enter the IP address and Netmask parameters of the access server at

the remote site. This creates a static route to the access server’s network which is entered into the Express 4100/4110’s IP route table.

12. Move the cursor over the RIP menu. Check with the network admin-

istrator for the type of routing protocol used. The Express 4100/4110 supports RIP versions 1 and 2. The protocol is set in the Protocol parameter.

13. Select Yes for the Trig g ered parameter . This will prevent periodic RIP

updates that keep the ISDN link from going “idle.”

14. Select Yes for the Retain parameter. This will allow the routes learned

from the access server to be saved in the IP routing table. Access to any of those networks from the workstation will cause this profile to be dialed.

15. Use the left arrow to get back to the previous menu. Use the down

arrow to view the IPX menu parameters in the right pane.

16. This is similar to steps 13 and 14. Select Yes for Tr iggere d and Yes for Retain. This will allow the ISDN link to go to an idle state and permit the Express 4100/4110 to “spoof” the server information obtained from the acc ess server. A similar configuration must be selected on the access server.

17. Use the arrows to get the Dial Out menu parameters for this profile.

18. Enter the phone number of the access server in Number 1. If configured by the administrator to use two B-channels using Multilink PPP, set the Initial Channels field to 2. Some PPP protocols, if they exist in the access server, will allow the second channel to come into play only if the bandwidth is needed. If this is the case, the Express 4100/ 4110 will automatically negotiate this with the access server.

19. Now move to the Bandwidth menu for this profile. Once there, use the right arrow to move to the On Demand submenu.

20. Set the Mode parameter to On. This enables the dynamic bandwidth features of the Express 4100/4110.

21. Select the Idle Timeout parameter and enter the number of seconds the Express 4100/4110 should wait before hanging up the connection when no traffic is present. A value of 120 seconds is typical. A value of 0 means never idle the link.

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Quick Startup Guide

22. All the parameters for this Connection List profile are complete. To save them, press the left arrow to get to the top (main) menu; when prompted Save Connection List changes? enter y.

23. Set up the computer workstation’s IP and IPX parameters as instructed by the network administrator. The Express 4100/4110’s IP address should be the computer’s default gateway.

When the computer which is attached to the local LAN attempts to access a host on the access server, the Express 4100/4110 will dial the number provided in the Connection List profile. The Express 4100/4110 will provide one of two B-channels based on traffic demand and POTS port usage (Express XLT model only). If no packet traffic is transmitted or received for the specified number of seconds, the Express 4100/4110 will disconnect the link until a computer on the local LAN again attempts to access a host on the access server.

If Novell’s IPX protocol is being used, the link must be dialed first in the Dial menu to obtain the server and route information needed by the co mputer to boot up. Advanced users can use the Express 4100/4110’s Probe feature to periodically dial the access server to obtain the route and server information, thereby removing the need to manually dial the first time.

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Quick Startup Guide

Quick Start-6 Express 4100/4110 User Manual 61200176L2-1

Chapter 1 Understanding ISDN and the

Express 4100/4110

ISDN OVERVIEW

The Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) is a public or private switched digital network. ISDN is an international standard for digital communications, allowing a full range of enhanced services supporting voice, data, and image applications through standard interfaces over a single telephone wire. ISDN provides a means of integrating these services and modernizing communication networks for information movement and management efficiency.

THE EXPRESS 4100/4110

The Express 4100/4110 is a standalone device that links two Local Area Networks (LANs) using a high-speed ISDN public network or leased two-wire line. Optionally, the Express 4110 has two plain old telephone service (POTS) connectors used for voice/modem applications

See Figure 1-1 on page 1-2 for an illustration of the Express 4100/4110. The 10BaseT connector operates at 10 megabits per second half duplex and accepts standard Ethernet packets encapsulated using IEEE 802.3 or Ethernet II (DIX). The main tenance p ort can connect to any asynchr on ous terminal emulating a VT 100 terminal for configuration.

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Chapter 1. Understanding ISDN and the Express 4100/4110

Express 4110

Figure 1-1. Express 4100/4110T

Applications

Single User to Corporate LAN

• Telecommuter/Home Office Access to the corporate LAN

• Single device access

• User Datagram Protocol (UDP) broadcasts are “relayed” to corporate LAN.

• Client device can obtain the Internet Protocol (IP) address dynamically using Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP).

• Compatible with popular central site LAN access devices

Figure 1-2. Single User to Corporate LAN

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Chapter 1. Understanding ISDN and the Express 4100/4110

Single User IP to Internet Service Provider (ISP) using Network Address Translation (NAT)

• Provides high speed home access to the Internet

• NAT provides translation from user assigned IP addresses to ISP assigned IP addresses.

• The PC’s IP address can be dynamically assigned by the Express 4100/4110.

• Overcomes the serial port speed limitations of current terminal adapter solutions

• Multilink Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) plus compression yields effective throughput greater than 256 kbps.

• Compatible with popular ISP access devices

Figure 1-3. Single User to Internet Service Provider

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Chapter 1. Understanding ISDN and the Express 4100/4110

Multiple Users to Internet Service Provider (ISP) using NAT

• Provides high speed home access to the Internet

• Multiple and simultaneous access

• The PC’s IP address can by dynamically assigned by the Express 4100/4110.

• On-demand Internet access

• Multilink PPP plus compression yields effective throughput greater than 256 kbps.

• Compatible with popular ISP access devices

Figure 1-4. Multiple User to Internet Service Provider

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Chapter 1. Understanding ISDN and the Express 4100/4110

Small Office - Home Office (SOHO) to Corporate LAN

• Connects the small office or home office to the corporate LAN

• Routes IP and Internet Packet Exchange (IPX) traffic from multiple devices to the corporate LAN

• Bridges all non-routed traffic (e.g., AppleTalk)

• Provides dedicated or on-demand services

• Low-cost alternative to buying a high-e nd router

• Compatible with popular central site LAN access devices

Figure 1-5. SOHO to Corporate LAN

The Express 4100/4110 provides the following basic functions:

1. LAN Bridge: Bridging provides a point-to-point connection between two LANs. The bridge learning function scans the source and destination me dia access control (MAC) addresses o f all packet s on its local LAN and determines which packets should be transmitted over the ISDN link. Applications include connectivity betw een single user or small offices to co rporate LANs. The Expr ess 4100 /4110 uses the Spanning Tree Algorithm (IEEE 802.1d-ISO/IEC10038), which provides a loop-free topology and redundancy.

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Chapter 1. Understanding ISDN and the Express 4100/4110

2. IP Router: The Express 4100/4110 can function as an IP router using

the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) for advertising and learning routes among other routers. Static routes may also be enter ed into the routing table.

3. IPX Router: IPX routers and services can be exchanged between the

Express 4100/4110 and other devices using RIP and Service Advertising Protocol (SAP). Watch dog serialization filtering and spoofing can permit the ISDN to be idle during no application traffic periods.

4. Network Address Translation (NAT): Single networks can connect to

the Internet with this function. The Express 4100/4110 translates outgoing IP packets over the ISDN to the IP router at the Internet Service Provider. Popular Internet applications are supported.

5. POTS: The POTS interfaces can be used for interfacing to dual tone

multi-frequency (DTMF) analog devices such as telephones, modems, fax machines, etc. The Express 4110 POTS option is available on part number 1200176L2 only.

Demand Routing and Bridging with the Express 4100/4110

The Express 4100/4110 is a dial-up ISDN IP Router and Transparent Learning Bridge that provides Dial-On-Demand and Dynamic Bandwidth Management. Its features can be easily configured and used once several basic concepts are understood.

Factory Default

The Express 4100/4110 comes from the factory configured for MAC Bridging, IP routing, and IPX routing with no filters or connection information defined. An IP address of 10.0.0.1 with a network mask of

255.255.255.0 is preloa ded. Dynamic Bandwidth Man agement features ar e disabled. Although dynamic assignment of a B-channel for the analog (POTS) ports on the Express 4110 model is always available, link idle time-out and adding/removing of B-channels ba sed on traffic is initially disabled.

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Bridging

Chapter 1. Understanding ISDN and the Express 4100/4110

In Bridge Mode, the Express 4100/4110 can communicate with two remote networks at a time. The destination is dialed by setting up a Connection List profile and choosing Dial on the Dial menu. See “Configuration/Connection List” on page 3-36 fo r instructions on setting up a Connection List profile.

During a two B-channel PPP Multilink call, the Express 4110 automatically drops one B-channel and provides it to the POTS port when a telephone call is placed or answered. When a POTS telephone call terminates, the Express 4100 redials the second B-channel and supplies the bandwidth back to the LAN connection. S ince ot her ban dwidth m anagement features are disabled in the factory default configuration, the dialed links remain active until the Hang-up command is entered from the Dial menu, terminating the session with the selected remote network.

The Connection List described in the next section may be used to automate dialing and to store additional information specific to the remote site being dialed (phone numbers, number of B-channels to dial, authentication information, Caller ID, etc.). In addition, to reduce line charges, Demand Dialing may be enabled to allow idle links to disconnect when not being used .

Simple Demand Bridging may be configured by enabling the Idle TimeOut parameter under the Configuration/ Connection List [1]/Band- width/On Demand option on the Connection List. Setting this parameter to a non-zero value allows a bridge connection to disconnect after the specified number of seconds with no traffic crossing the ISDN link. Bandwidth can be controlled using the Express 4100/4110’s advanced filtering capability. When new traffic needs to be transmitted, the Express 4100/4110 will run each packet through its Demand filters defined for each Connection List profile. If a packet can pass through the filter, then the numbers for that profile are dialed. In addition, when both B-channels are selected for use, the link may be configured to add/remove the second B-channel based on the amount of traffic crossing the link. The bridged connection is terminated when the Hang-up option is selected from the Dial menu, but will redial if the demand filter condition is met.

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Chapter 1. Understanding ISDN and the Express 4100/4110

IP Routing

The Express 4100/4110 operates as a dial-up IP router when the Configuration/IP/IP Router/Mode option is configured to On. The Express 4100/

4110 uses an IP unnumbered WAN interface; the IP address and mask assigned to the unit’s LAN interface apply to all routing and IP operation s for the unit. If a default gateway is specified on the network of the Ethernet interface, the unit attempts to reach the gateway through that interface. If the gateway is specified on an unknown network, the unknown network is assigned to the router table and remains unused until that gateway becomes the peer on a WAN connection. If no default gateway is specified, the first connected peer on the WAN interface becomes the default gateway (recommended for remote applications when there are no other routers on the remote LAN).

For each profile in the Connection List that includes an IP addr ess and has the Configuration/Connection List/IP/Route/Static Route option set to Yes, the Network Address of the specified IP address is added to the router table with the Host Address as the gateway. If the Configuration/ Connection List/IP/Route/Private option is set to No, the route is adver- tised at the specified metric through the unit’s interfaces as if a connection is active t o that netw ork. These routes are referred to as spoofed routes.

Attempts by any computer connected to the LAN interface to access a host on a spoofed network causes a connection to be attempted using the information from that Connection List profile. Once connected, routes advertised by the peer router ar e learned and advertised to the local LAN. If Bandwidth-On-Demand is enabled and an Idle Time-out value is specified, expiration of the Idle Timer causes the link to be disconnected; the routes learned from the peer router are retained if the Configuration/ Connection List/IP/RIP/Retain option is set to Yes and advertised as if the connection is still active. These routes are referred to as retain ed r out es. Attempts by any connected computer to access a host on any of the retained routes causes the link to be redialed. If Hang Up is activated from the Dial menu when the link is down, the retained routes are removed.

The Express 4100/4110 can be connected to two WAN destinations at the same time. Each B-channel is dialed to a different location. Routes learned from one WAN destination are advertised to the other using RIP.

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Chapter 1. Understanding ISDN and the Express 4100/4110

IPX Routing

Like IP routing, the Express 4100/4110 can connect to two different sites and exchange IPX packets. Network routes and services are learned and advertised using Novell’s RIP and SAP. Routes and services learned from a separate site can be retained in the Express 4100/4110 when the connection goes idle. While retained, the Expr ess 4100 /4 110 can spoof RIP/SAP and watch-dog and filter serialization packets that would normally be required between the Novell server and client.

Connection List - Simplifying and Enhancing the Dial Function

The Connection List, which is accessed from the Configuration menu, provides a location to define information regarding 15 individual destinations that may be dialed. A Connection List entry is required for each destination since authentication information (method, username, password), number of B-channels, telephone numbers, Caller ID, IP, or IPX address (for ro ute d conne ctio ns), and oth er inf ormation can be stored for each destination defined. Defined destinations may be dialed by selecting the Dial activator in the Dial menu or by demand for the desired Connection List profile.

Concurrent Routing and Bridging

The Express 41 00/4110 can route IP and IPX as well a s bridge n on-IP/IP X packets simultaneously. The Connection List profile will by default negotiate PPP network protocols to support the transmission and reception of IP, IPX, and Bridge packets. If the PPP peer does not accept a protocol, the Express 4100/4 110 will fall back to any combinatio n of r ou ting and bri dging.

Routing over PPP Bridging

The Express 4100/4110 can support legacy equipment which does not support PPP IP (IPCP) or IPX (IPXCP) protocol s by allowing routing packets over the WAN connection using PPP Bridging (BCP). To perform this, the Express 4100/4110 uses a “virtual” Ethernet port. This port is set up under the Configuration/Bridge menu.

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Chapter 1. Understanding ISDN and the Express 4100/4110

Network Address Translation Mode

NAT is a special mode of operation in which the Express 4100/4110 obtains a dynamically assigned IP address from the peer router (typically an Internet Service Provider). This allows a network of computers to ben efit from Ethernet to ISDN speeds while still appearing to the Internet Service Provider (or central site router) as a single IP address, which is typical of PC based serial dial-up solutions.

A call is initiated to the ISP using the Dial menu or demand for a Connection List profile that has the IP parameter NAT set to Yes. The network computer’s IP stack may use DHCP to request an IP address, default gateway address, and domain name server addresses from the Express 4100/

4110.

Front Panel

“Express 4100/4110 LEDs” on page 1-11 shows the front panel of the Express 4100/4110. The indicato rs are divided into LAN functions, WAN functions, and Test functions.

LAN Indicators

TX/RX Flashes green when transmitting data onto the 10BaseT

LI Link integrity. Illuminates when there is a good connection between

WAN Indicators

PWR Flashes when the link is inactive; solid when the link is active. 1 Flashes green when the link is being negotiated; off when the link is

2 Flashes green when the link is being negotiated; off when the link is

Test Indicators

1/2 A slow amber flash indicates test in progress; a fast amber flash indi-

1-10 Express 4100/4110 User Manual 61200176L2-1

connector. Flashes yellow when receiving data from the 10BaseT connector.

the Express 4100/4110 and the Hub/NIC card.

active. After the link is active, 1 flashes green when a call on POTS line 1 is in progress; solid green when a call is connected.

active. After the link is active, 2 flashes green when a call on POTS line 2 is in progress; solid green when a call is connected.

cates test has failed.

Rear Panel

The Express 4100/4110 has one RJ-49C jack, labeled ISDN, on the rear panel for network connection (see Figure 1-7). The OFF/ON switch block is for factory default and firmware do wnloading. With switch 1 in the up or OFF position, the 4100/4110 will go immediately into a download mode when power is enabled. Switch 1 must be in the down or ON postition in order to boot up normally. Switch 2 in the up or OFF position will force the entire configuration to be factory defaulted.

ISDN Connection

From the network, ISDN is delivered by a single 2-wire 2B1Q U-interface which is connected directly to the Express 4100/4110. ISDN network termination is designed into the Express 4100/4110, eliminating the need and expense of a separate NT1. For network testing, the Express 4100/ 4110 responds to NT1 test commands from the telephone company central office (CO).

Chapter 1. Understanding ISDN and the Express 4100/4110

Express 4110

Figure 1-6. Express 4100/4110 LEDs

The Express 4100/4110 has one RJ-49C jack, labeled ISDN, on the rear panel for network connection (see Figure 1-7). ISDN basic rate service divides a standard telephone line into three digital channels capable of simultaneous voice and data transmission. The three channels are comprised of two bearer (B) channels at 64 kbps and one data (D) channel at 16 kbps, known as 2B+D.

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Chapter 1. Understanding ISDN and the Express 4100/4110

The Express 4100/4110 also supports a leased digital connection allowing data to be transferred at up to 128 kbps over a 2-wire facility using the same RJ-49C jack. This type of service is a permanent connection between endpoints and is sometimes referred to as a leased connection, a dedicated connection, a nailed-up connection, or a private cir cuit. Leased con nection or leased line is used in this manual to represent these types of services.

Figure 1-7. Express 4100/4110 Rear Panel

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Ordering ISDN

Interoperability

Chapter 1. Understanding ISDN and the Express 4100/4110

When ordering ISDN from the telephone company, request EZ-ISDN 1 (Capability Package U) to ensure it is set up properly. EZ-ISDN 1 is recommended by the industry for most home office/small business applications. If this is not available from your service provider or you would like more information regarding ordering ISDN, see the ADTRAN document Ordering ISDN Service User Guide part number 60000.015-8 or contact your telephone company for alternative line configurations. The Ordering ISDN Ser vice User Guid e is avail able on the ADTRAN home p age at http://www .adtran.com or by calling ADTRAN.

The Express 4100/4110 is standards based and uses PPP developed by Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). PPP provides a standard method of transporting multiprotocol datagrams over point-to-point links. PPP is widely accepted by many ISDN bridge/router manufacturers. The Express 4100/4110 will negotiate Multilink PPP when connecti ng both Bchannels. The Bandwidth Allocation Protocol (BAP) may also negotiate, which enhances the management of adding and removing a B-channel. Data compression is also supported using LZS

technology from hi/fn™.

Connecting to the Internet

Internet Service Providers (ISPs) assign an IP address to use when connected to their service using PPP negotiation. This a ssignment is based on the assumption that the user has an ISDN terminal adapter running PPP async-to-sync conversion or another rate adaption where the PPP negotiation is terminated inside the PC’s IP stack. However, if an ISDNEthernet gateway device is used, the ISP must preassign the customer a subnet which uses multiple IP addresses. This may result in a much higher cost to the user.

The Express 4100/4110 permits the user to assign any IP addresses to the unit and computers. Operations on the network can occur normally. In fact, one B-channel can connect to the ISP using NAT while the other Bchannel connects to another “private” or “fake” network. All packets transmitted or received over the ISP connection are translated. The Express 4100/4110 keeps track of the computers that request services over the Internet. A web server address can be assigned under the Con-

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Chapter 1. Understanding ISDN and the Express 4100/4110

figuration/IP/NAT menu that allows incoming HTTP, FTP, and mail server requests from the Internet to be translated and forwarded to this address on the user network.

Configuration

The Express 4100/4110 is configured using a menu-based interface. This interface can be accessed via the maintenance port using any asynchronous VT 100 terminal or personal computer running a terminal emulation program, or via the LAN using a Telnet client program. To use the Telnet interface, the Express 4100/4110 must first have an IP address programmed into it via the maintenance port. The factory default is 10.0.0.1.

Security

Security on network devices is a major concern for almost anyone with a network. The Express 4100/4110 provides many tools for securing the local network from hostile users. Incoming calls can be authenticated using passwords and Caller ID. A RADIUS client can also be used.

The Telnet configuration can also be protected using the same authentication methods. Each menu item in the Express 4100/4110 has a security level associated with it. A Telnet session is assigned a privilege level which determines which menu items are accessible to the Telnet client. See “Security Levels” on page 3-7 (in Chapter 3) for more information on menu security levels.

Filters can be defined to prevent certain addr esses or pr otocols fr om being transferred from LAN-to-WAN, WAN-to-LAN, or WAN-to-WAN.

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Chapter 2 Installation

After unpacking the unit, immediately inspect it for possible shipping damage. If damage is discovered, file a claim immediately with the shipping carrier; then contact the ADTRAN Repair and Return department.

ISDN NETWORK CONNECTION

The Express 4100/4110 supports either dial or leased operation. A single RJ-49C modular jack labeled ISDN on the rear panel provides connection to either network service.

Dial operation allows the user to dial out or receive calls over the public network.

The leased operation mode supports dedicated 2B1Q data service at rates up to 128 kbps by using a nailed up circuit, or a permanent connection between endpoints.

See “Connector Pinouts” on page D-1 for ISDN network connector pin assignments.

LOCAL AREA NETWORK CONNECTION

The Express 4100/4110 has a 10BaseT connector that provides halfduplex 10 Mbps operation over a 4-wire twisted pair.

Other types of Ethernet interfaces (i.e., AUI, 10Base2, etc.) can be accommodated by obtaining an appropriate converter.

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Chapter 2. Installation

TELEPHONE CONNECTION (4110 ONLY) Basic Telephone Service

The Express 4110 supports an analog DTMF telephone type (AT&T 2500) with the POTS interface, part number 1200176L2. Two telephones or other analog devices (like a fax machine or modem) plug into either RJ-11 jack (labeled with drawings of telephones) on the rear of the unit. Using a multipoint line allows the POTS and data port to have unique phone numbers.

Supplementary Services

Supplementary services such as call holding, three- or six-way conferencing, call transfer, and call waiting are fully supported by the Express 4100/4110 on a touch-tone telephone. Table 2-1 explains how the flashhook is used for handling multi-call situations.

DTMF Keypad

The following functions are performed on a touch-tone phone:

Disable call waiting: Press Enable call waiting: Press Redial last number: Press Enable ExpertISDN: Press Enter Area Code: Press

Enter Phone Number 1: Press

Enter Phone Number 2: Press

2-2 Express 4100/4110 User Manual 61200176L2-1

**0 **1 **5 **6 **7XXX

area code. This must be entered first, before enabling ExpertISDN.)

**8XXXXXXX

is the 7- digit phone number. This must be entered before enabling ExpertISDN.)

**9XXXXXXX

is the 7-digit phone number. If only one phone number is assigned, this does not have to be entered.)

(where XXX is a 3-digit

(where XXXXXXX

Chapter 2. Installation

Table 2-1. Using the Flash-Hook

Calling a second party with an active call:

Flash-hook to place active call on hold and dial new number. Hanging up will terminate the call.

Answering an incoming call with an active call at call waiting:

Flash-hook to place active call on hold and answer incoming call. Hanging up will terminate both calls.

Conferencing Calls:

With an outgoing call on hold, and a second outgoing call active, flashhook to conference calls. Hanging up will transfer second call.

With an incoming call on hold, and outgoing call active, flash-hook to conference calls. Hanging up will transfer calls.

With two incoming calls (one on hold and one active) flash-hook to conference calls. Hanging up transfers calls.

Answering calls on hold, and holding incoming active calls:

Flash-hook place s the incoming call on hold and reconnects to outgoing call. Hanging up will terminate both calls.

When connecting to a National ISDN 1 switch, call conferencing and call transferring are assigned a unique feature identifier number. This number may not be the same in all areas. The Configuration/WAN/POTS menu contains the feature identifier numbers for conference and transfer. If these features do not work, contact your ISDN provider. They can determine the numbers for these features that can then be programm ed into the Express 410 0/ 4110.

Customer Premises Wiring

Customer premises wiring requirements for the Express 4100/4110 vary depending on the application and existing wiring. It may be simpler for the ISDN provider to deliver another line to your location. This would eliminate the need to modify existing wiring. Figures 2-1 and 2-2 illustrate two wiring scheme possibilities.

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Chapter 2. Installation

Express 4100/4110

Figure 2-1. Wiring Scheme 1: Use existing analog telephone equipment,

but replace single analog telephone service with ISDN service

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Chapter 2. Installation

Express 4100/4110

Figure 2-2. Wiring Scheme 2: Retain single analog telephone service and add

ISDN service

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Chapter 2. Installation

2-6 Express 4100/4110 User Manual 61200176L2-1

Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and

Structure

TERMINAL MENU STRUCTURE

The Express 4100/4110 uses a multilevel menu structure containing both menu items and data fields. All menu operations and data display in the terminal menu window. The Express 4100/4110 is shipped in the Fac tory Default configuration. Connect any VT 100 or VT 220 type terminal emulator to the maintenance port. The default rate is 9600 baud 8-N-1. The terminal emulator can flow the Express 4100/4110 off using software flow control. Hardware flow control is not used.

The opening menu (the Main menu, or top-level menu) is the access point to all other operations. Each Main menu item has several functions and submenus to identify and access specific parameters. “Top Level Terminal Menu” on page 3-2 shows the top-level terminal menu. The Main menu options are described below.

In order to edit items in the terminal menus, you must have the appropriate security level. Each menu description in this section indicates the required security level required for write access. The maintenance port is always at security level 0, giving full access to all configuration items.

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Right P

Left Pane - Lists available menus.

Mode - Describes current operating mode.

Loop Status - Displays current status of ISDN line.

Menu Path - Gives current position in terminal menu structure.

B-channel status - Displays current status of each B channel.

Figure 3-1. Top Level Terminal Menu

ane - Lists available submenus. More submenus available through this pane are indicated by the [+] and [DATA] symbols.

Navigation Help - Displays list of characters you can use to navigate the terminal menus.

3-2 Express 4100/4110 User Manual 61200176L2-1

Configuration

Dial

Status

Test

Logs

Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

The Configuration menu provides options to set up the operational configuration for the Express 4100/4110. See the section “Configuration Menu” on page 3-8 for detailed information.

The Dial menu is used to connect to different sites based on the Connection List. See the section “Dial Menu” on page 3-62 for more details.

The Status menu provides options to r eview and monitor th e status of the Express 4100/4110 system. See the section “Status Menu” on page 3-64 for detailed information on the available options.

The Test menu can be used for performing diagnostic testing of the Express 4100/4110. See the section “Test Menu” on page 3-73 fo r deta iled information on the tests available.

The Logs menu can be used for viewing the operational logs for the Express 4100/4110. See the section “Logs Menu” on page 3-74 for detailed information on the available options.

Utilities

The Utilities menu provides tools for system diagnostics and upgrading the Express 4100/4110. See the section “Utilities Menu” on page 3-78 for detailed information on the available options.

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

NAVIGATING THE TERMINAL MENUS

The following sections provide information on how to navigate through the terminal menus.

General Layout

When you first start a terminal mode session, the window sh own in “Top Level Terminal Menu” on page 3-2 displays. The screen is divided into lef t and right panes. The left pane shows the current list of submenus, while the right pane shows the contents of a selected submenu.

Menu Path

The top line of the display shows this session’s current position (path) in the menu tree. Figure 3-1 shows the top menu level with the cursor on the Configuration submenu, so the path display shows Express 4110/Config- uration.

Moving Around

Press Tab or the right arrow key to move the cursor from the left pane to the right pane. Press Tab or the left arrow key to move the cursor from the right pane back to the left pane. Use the up and down arrows to move around within each pane. Press Enter to activate a menu. Press the left arrow key or the Escape key to go back up the menu. The following options display throughout the menus.

Submenus [+] or [DATA]

Menus that display [+] or [DATA] indicate that more items are available when selected.

Activation Field <+>

Menus that display <+> indicate that a n action is to be taken, such as activating a test.

Editable Data Field

A highlighted menu item in di cates that you can enter data in that field.

Read-Only Field

An underlined field is a display field that contains read-only information.

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Navigation with the Keyboard

Yo u can use different keystrokes to navigate through the terminal menu. Press Control-Z to activate a pop-up screen with the available keystrokes. The following section provides a list of the available keystrokes and the results:

General Navigation

H Returns to the home screen. J Jumps between two menu items. Press J while on a menu item

of interest, and you will jump back to the main screen. Go to another menu item of interest, Press J, and you will jump back to the screen that was displayed the first time you pressed J. Press J anytime you want to jump between these items.

Arrow Keys Selects items and moves between the left and right panes. The

left arrow key allows you to go back up the menu. Enter Activates an item or moves into submenu. Escape Cancels an edit. Allows you to go back up the menu. Also will

dismiss the pop-up help screens. Tab Moves between the left and right panes. A Moves to the top of a screen. Z Moves to the bottom of a screen. Backspace Ascends one menu level.

Session Manageme n t

Control-L Logs out of the session. Control-S Invalidates the password entry and returns to the login screen.

The Password prompt will display. Control-R Refreshes the screen. To save time, only the portion of the

screen that has changed is refreshed. This option should be nec-

essary only if the display picks up incorrect characters.

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Configuration

F Restores factory default settings. This setting restores the factory

defaults based on the location of the cursor. Entire submenus can be factory defaulted.

C Copies selected items to the clipboard. The amount of informa-

tion you can copy depends on the cursor location when you press C. For example, if the cursor is over an editable field, only that item is copied. If the cursor is over the index number of a list, then all of the items in the row of the list are copied. For example, if the cursor is over the List screen, all of the information associated with the Connection List entry is copied.

P Pastes the item stored in the clipboard, if the information in

compatible. You must confirm all pastes except those to a single editable field.

> For certain types of fields, when you paste information into the

field, the value increments by 1.

< For certain types of fields, when you paste information into the

field, the value decrements by 1.

I Inserts a new item in a list. For example, add a new item to the

Connection List by pressing I while the cursor is over the index number.

D Deletes a list item. For example, delete an item from the Con-

nection List by pressing D while the index number is active.

field in the Connection

Num

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Security Levels

Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Each menu item on the configuration screens has an associated security level. The security level ranges from 0 (highest security level) to 5 (lowest security level). This level determines whether a Telnet session can access that menu item. The Telnet session is assigned a security level set by the user . Passwords can only be accessed as security level 0. The maintenance port is always at security level 0.

The security levels are assigned as follows:

Level

0 Access all parameters including passwords 1 Access all parameters except passwords 2 Access all parameters except passwords and

authentication methods

3 Access all parameters except passwords,

authentication methods, and ISDN parameters 4 Access only test and status menus 5 Access status menus only

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

CONFIGURATION MENU Configuration/System Info

The System Info menu provides basic information about the unit and displays data fields for editing information. Figure 3-2 displays the submenus available under this menu item.

Figure 3-2. Configuration/System Info Screen

System Name

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 Provides a user configurable text string for the name of the Express 4100/

4110. This name can help distinguish between different installations. You can enter up to 31 alpha-numeric characters in this field, including spaces and special characters (such as an under bar). The system name is also used for PPP authentication and IPX service name.

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System Location

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 Provides a user configurable text string for the location of the Express

4100/4110. This helps to keep track of the physical location of the unit. Yo u can enter up to 31 alpha-numeric characters in this field, including spaces and special characters (such as an under bar).

System Contact

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 Provides a user configurable text string for the contact name. This field

can contain a name, phone number, or e-mail address of a person responsible for the Express 4100/4110. You can enter up to 31 alpha-numeric characters in this field, including spaces and special characters (such as an under bar).

Firmware Revision

Read security: 5 Displays the current firmware revision level of the Express 4100/4110.

This field is a read-only field.

Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

System Uptime

Read security: 5 Displays the length of time the Express 4100/4110 has been running since

power up or reset. This field is a read-only field.

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Configuration/WAN

The WAN menu is used to set up the ISDN parameters for the Express 4100/4110. Also, for the Express 4110, a POTS menu is provided. Figure 3-3 shows the WAN menu.

You can run the 4100/4110 with Frame Relay if you obtain the appropriate firmware. See “Frame Relay Firmware Version” on page F-1 for information.

Figure 3-3. Configuration/WAN Screen

WAN/ISDN

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 Selects the mode the ISDN line is in. If connecting to the public network,

select Dial (def). If connecting to a leased wire for back-to-back operation, select Leased.

ISDN/Dial Line

Dial Line parameters are entered under this menu.

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Dial Line/ExpertISDN

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 The ExpertISDN option allows automatic determination of Service

Profile Identifier (SPID) 1 and SPID 2 with entry of the Local Directory Number(s) (LDN(s)) and area code. Enter the 7-digit LDN in LDN 1 and LDN 2 (if a second number exists). The area code must be entered. The message Auto Spid Success will appear in the Call Log to indicate success in determining the SPID. See “Log Messages” on page B-1 for additional messages and their definitions.

Dial Line/Switch Protocol

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 Find out what kind of ISDN sw itch protocol the local CO is using

by asking the local telephone administrator or the telephone company representative. The Express 4100/4110 can be configured for the following:

LUCENT 5ESS DMS-100 National ISDN1

NEC

(def) LUCENT 5ESS© Custom

Northern Telecom DMS-100™ Custom National ISDN-1 (could be a NorTel,

LUCENT,or Siemens EWSD) Nippon Electric Company Switch

Dial Line/Area Code

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 Enter 3-digit area code when using ExpertISDN.

Dial Line/SPID 1

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 The SPID is a sequence of digits used to identify ISDN terminal

equipment to the ISDN switch. The SPID is assigned by the local phone company when the ISDN line is installed and it usually looks similar to the phone number. Obtain SPIDs from the telephone administrator or local telephone representative.

The number of SPIDs required (0, 1, or 2) depends on how your ISDN line is configured. For instance, a point-to-point line has no SPID. Multipoint lines may have one or two SPIDs. The Express 4100/4110 uses the presence of SPID 1 to determine if the line is

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

multipoint. If the line has only one SPID, then it must be entered in SPID 1.

SPID 1 = 0155512120 SPID 2 =0155512130

National ISDN1 switches require the addition of a two-digit terminal identifier (TID) at the end of the SPID.

Dial Line/LDN 1 or 2

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 This option allows the entry of 0, 1, or 2 LDNs. The LDN is used

when placing or receiving calls. The LDN is the local phone number assigned to the line.

Disconnect the network interface from the unit before initially entering or altering the SPIDs and LDNs.

ISDN/Leased Line

Write security: 2; Read security: 5

LDN 1 = 5 5 5 1 2 1 2 LDN 2 = 5 5 5 1 2 1 3

Leased Line parameters are entered under this menu. Leased mode would be used for permanent circuits.

Leased Line/Clock Mode

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 The clock mode determines which unit will supply the clock for

synchronization. If the two units are connected through channel banks, both units should be configured for Slave mode. The L100T only supports the slave mode.

Slave (def)

Timing is derived from the master unit.

Leased Line/Channel Rate

Write security: 2; Read security: 5

64k 2x64k

(def) B1 and B2 are used together.

128k

3-12 Express 4100/4110 User Manual 61200176L2-1

Only B1 is used. B1 and B2 go to different locations.

WAN/POTS

Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

ISDN/NEBEs

Read security: 5 This contains the number of Near-End-Block-Errors (NEBEs) that have

been detected by the Express 4100/4110’s ISDN circuitry. Continuous errors can indicate a line problem, but a burst at one time is normal.

ISDN/FEBEs

Read security: 5 This contains the number of Far -End-Block-Er rors (FE BEs) that have been

detected by the ISDN circuitry on the other end of the link. Continuous errors can indicate a line problem, but a burst at one time is normal.

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 POTS parameters are under this menu. They appear only under the

Express 4110 version.

POTS/POTS Assignment

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 The Express 4110 can assign the POTS interface either POTS1 to LDN 1

and POTS2 to LDN 2 (def), or POTS2 to LDN 1 and POTS1 to LDN 2 . Once assigned, all incoming and outgoing calls on a particular port are placed to/from the assigned number.

POTS/NI-1 Conference FI

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 National ISDN Conference feature indication number is placed here.

Most COs use the default of 60.

POTS/NI-1 Transfer FI

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 National ISDN Transfer feature indication number is placed here. Most

COs use the default of 61.

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

POTS/Speech Calltype Routing

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 This allows the Express 4110 to treat incoming calls as “data over speech”

when selected as LAN. Otherwise, when set to POTS (def), incoming speech calls are sent to the POTS when the destination number is the same as the POTS assignment.

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Configuration/IP

The IP menu is used to set up the IP parameters for the Express 4100/

4110. Any general IP-related configuration item is under this menu. Figure 3-4 shows the IP menu.

Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Figure 3-4. Configuration/IP Screen

IP/IP Address

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 The IP address assigned to the Express 4100/4110’s Ethernet port is set

here. This address must be unique within the network. Factory default is

10.0.0.1.

IP/Subnet Mask

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 The IP network mask to be applied to the Express 4100/4110’s Ethernet

port is set here. Factory default is 255.255.255.0.

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

IP/Default Gateway

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 The default gateway is used by the Express 4100/4110 for sending IP

packets whose destination address is not found in the route table. If this address is all zeros, then the first WAN connection becomes the default gateway. If the address entered is not on the Ethernet segment, then an “idle route” entry is added to the route table.

IP/Static Routes

Static Routes can be inserted under this menu.

Static Routes/Active

Write security: 4; Read security: 5 Adds this static route entry to the IP routing table when set to Yes (def)

and removes it (if it was previously added) if set to No.

Static Routes/IP Address

Write security: 4; Read security: 5 This is the IP address of the host or network address of the network.

Static Routes/Subnet Mask

Write security: 4; Read security: 5 This mask determines the bits in the previous IP address that are used. If

this is to be a host route, it must be set to all ones (255.255 .255.255).

Static Routes/Gateway

Write security: 4; Read security: 5 This is the IP address of the router to receive the forwarded IP packet.

Static Routes/Hops

Write security: 4; Read security: 5 This is the number of router hops required to get to the network or host.

Maximum distance is 15 hops.

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Static Routes/Private

Write security: 4; Read security: 5 When set to No, the Express 4100/4110 will advertise this static route

using RIP. Otherwise, setting to Yes means that the route is kept private.

IP/IP Router

The IP router is configured under this menu as follows.

IP Router/Mode

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When this option is set to On (def), the Express 4100/4110 will advertise

and listen to routes from other IP routers. If Off, the route table is still used but only static routes are used for routing IP packets and only the Ethernet port is used. IP packets can be sent over the WAN, but only when bridged.

IP/RIP

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is supported by the Express

4100/4110. The following parameters are required for setting up the mode on the Ethernet port:

Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

RIP/Mode

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This option turns RIP On (def) or Off.

RIP/Protocol

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 Versio n c an be V1 (def) or V2.

RIP/Method

Write security: 3; Read security: 5

Split Horizon

Poison Reverse

(def)

61200176L2-1 Express 4100/4110 User Manual 3-17

Only routes not learned on the Ethernet port are advertised.

All routes are advertised, including routes learned from the Ethernet port. These routes are poisoned.

Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

All routes are advertised, including

None

RIP/Direction

Write security: 3; Read security: 5

routes learned from the Ethernet port. No attempt is made to poison these routes.

IP/NAT

Tx and Rx

Tx only

Rx only

(def) RIP advertisements are transmitted and

listened to on the Ethernet port.

RIP advertisements are transmitted and

not listened to. RIP advertisements are listened to but

not transmitted.

RIP/V2 Secret

Write security: 0; Read security: 0 This is a text string used for authenticating advertised routes.

The Network Address Translation general parameters are set up under this menu.

NAT/DHCP Mode

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When this option is set to On, the Express 4100/4110 acts as a DHCP

server and will dynamically assign IP, network mask, default gateway, and DNS addresses to any device which transmits a broadcast DHCP request. The addresses assigned are based on the Express 4100/4110’s own IP address and will be within the same network. This mode is most commonly used with the NAT functionality. The default is Off.

NAT/DHCP Renewal Time

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This is the number of hours that the DHCP server should allow the device

before it is required to send a new DHCP request. The default is 15 hours, and 0 represents an infinite lease.

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IP/DNS

Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

NAT/Web Server

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This is the IP address of a web server on the Ethernet network. When an

active NAT connection is made to the Internet, any HTTP, FTP, or Mail server requests from the WAN are translated and sent to this web server.

The Domain Name Server parameters used by the Express 4100/4110 ar e specified here. The DNS server addr esses can be exchanged between PPP peers. When a connection occurs and IPCP is negotiated, the Express 4100/4110 will get the DNS server addresses from the PPP peer. If the configured DNS server addresses (Server 1 and Server 2) are all zeros, the addresses from the PPP peer are used. In NAT mode, the PPP peer’s DNS addresses are always used. The DNS addresses set in Server 1 and Server 2 are offe red to a PPP peer if so requeste d.

DNS/Domain Name

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This is a text string used to represent the domain name used by the

Express 4100/4110.

DNS/Server 1

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This is the IP address for the primary DNS device. It is the first server

that domain name requests are sent.

DNS/Server 2

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This is the IP address for the secondary DNS device. It is used a back-up

in case the primar y address does not respond to the request.

IP/UDP Relay

The Express 4100/4110 can be configured as a relay agent for UDP br o adcast packets. Normally, a router will not forward UDP broadcast packets. However, many network applications use UDP broadcasts to configure addresses, host names, and other information. If hosts using these proto-

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

cols are not on the same network segment as the servers providing the information, the client programs will not receive a response without enabling the UDP relay agent.

UDP Relay/Mode

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When this option is set to On (def), the Express 4100/4110 will act as a

relay agent.

UDP Relay/UDP Relay List

Up to four relay destination servers can be specified in this list.

UDP Relay List/Relay Address

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This is the IP address of the server that will receive the relay packet.

UDP Relay List/UDP Port Type

Write security: 3; Read security: 5

Standard

(def)

Specified

The following standard UDP protocols are relayed when set: DHCP, TFTP, DNS, NTP (Network Time Protocol, port 123). NBNS (NetBIOS Name Server, port

137), NBDG (NetBIOS Datagram, port 138), and BootP.

When set, the UDP port (1 to 65535) can be specified in the UDP Port columns. (up to a maximum of three per server).

UDP Relay List/UDP Port 1, UDP Port 2, UDP Port 3

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 UDP Port 1, UDP Port 2, and UDP Port 3 are used for specifying

UDP ports to be relayed. These fields only apply when UDP Port Type is set to Specified.

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IP/Proxy ARP

Write security: 4; Read security: 5 This feature allows the network portion of a group of addresses to be

shared between several physical network segments. The ARP protocol itself provides a way for devices to create a mapping between physical (i.e., Ethernet) addresses and logical IP addresses. Proxy ARP makes use of this mapping feature by instructing a router to answer ARP requests as a “proxy” for t h e IP addresses behind one of its ports. Th e device whi ch sent the ARP request will then correctly assume that it can reach the requested IP address by sending packets to the physical address that was returned to it. This technique effectively hides the fact that a network ha s been (further) subnetted. If this option is set to Yes (def), when an ARP request is received on the Ethernet po rt the a ddress is looked up in the IP routing table. If the forwarding port is not on the Ethernet port and the route is not the default route, the Express 4100/4110 will answer the request with its own hardware address. If set to No, the Express 4100/ 4110 will only respond to ARP requests received for its own IP address.

Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Configuration/IPX

The IPX menu is used to set up the IPX parameters for the Express 4100/ 41 10. Any general IPX-related configuration item can be found under this menu. Figure 3-5 shows the IPX menu.

Figure 3-5. Configuration/IPX Screen

IPX/Mode

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 When this option is set to On (def), the Express 4100/4110 will route IPX.

Setting it to Off will disable all IPX functionality.

IPX/Network

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 The IPX network address for the Ethernet port is set her e. This is an eight-

digit hexadecimal value that uniquely identifies the network segment of the Ethernet port. Accidental selection of an IPX network which is already in use on another network segment may cause hard-to-diagnose problems. IPX network numbers should be carefully tracked.

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IPX/Frame Type

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 The Express 4100/4110 supports all four defined IPX frame types. The

possible frame types are: Ether Type II (def), Ether 802.3 (Raw), or Ether SNAP (802.2 SNAP). Only one frame type can be used at one time.

IPX/Seed Status

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 The seed status defines what the Express 4100/4110 is to do with the net-

work info rmation on t he selected frame type during startup. Th ere are three possible seeding selections specified:

Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Seed

Non-Seed

(def)

AutoSeed

The Express 4100/4110 will listen for an IPX network number being sent by another router (including Novell software routers residing on servers) on the Ethernet segment connected to this port and use this number if it exists. If it doesn’t discover a number in use, the Express 4100/4110 will use the configured IPX network number for the Ethernet segment.

The Express 4100/4110 will listen for an IPX network number being sent by another router (including Novell software routers residing on servers) on the Ethernet segment connected to this port and use this number if it exists. If it doesn’t discover a number in use, the Express 4100/4110 will wait indefinitely until a number is sent by another router on the Ethernet segment.

The Express 4100/4110 will listen for an IPX network number being sent by another router (including Novell software routers residing on servers) on the Ethernet segment connected to this port and use this number if it exists. If it doesn’t discover a number in use, the Express 4100/4110 will auto-generate a valid number using its routing tables.

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

IPX/RIP Timer

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This value specifies how often the Express 4100/4110 sends out IPX RIP

packets on the network segment attached to the Ethernet port. The RIP packets sent conta i n routin g information abou t the networks for which this Express 4100/4110 is responsible. The default value is 60 seconds.

IPX/SAP Timer

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This value specifies how often the Express 4100/4110 sends out IPX SAP

(Service Access Protocol) packets on the network segment attached to the Ethernet port. The SAP packets sent contain information about the services (such as servers, printers, etc.) for which this Express 4100/4110 is responsible. The default value is 60 seconds.

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Configuration/Bridge

The Bridge menu is used to set up the bridge parameters for the Express 4100/4110. The bridging function runs at the Media Access Control (MAC) level which allows any protocol packets that run over Ethernet to be forwarded. Bridging can run concurrently with the IP and IPX routing. However, certain rules apply for when packets are bridged across a WAN connection. When IP routing is active, IP packets (which include ARP packets) are not bridged. When IPX routing is active, IPX packets are not bridged. Also, the WAN IP Bridge and WAN IPX Bridge menus allow the WAN connection to bridge packets to the Express 4100/4110 but get routed as soon as they arrive at the unit. Figure 3-6 shows the Bridge menu.

Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Figure 3-6. Configuration/Bridge Screen

Bridge/Mode

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 When this option is set to On (def), the Express 4100/4110 bridge func-

tion will be enabled. Setting it to Off will disable all bridge functionality .

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Bridge/WAN IP Bridge

When IP routing is active, the Express 4100/4110 will allow another WAN device to bridge IP packets to it using PPP BCP. Normally, two IP routers would negotiate PPP IPCP to exchange IP packets. However, if a device can only support PPP BCP, IP packets are encapsulated by the device as bridge packets. The Express 4100/4110 can treat the WAN IP Bridge as a virtual Ethernet port connected only to a WAN device which has negotiated PPP BCP. This menu allows the IP parameters for this virtual Ethernet to be set up.

WAN IP Bridge/Network

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 This is the IP address of the virtual Ethernet port.

WAN IP Bridge/Netmask

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 This is the network mask to be applied to the virtual Ethernet port.

WAN IP Bridge/Triggered

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 When set to Yes, only IP RIP updates are sent when the routing table has

changed. When set to No (def), updates are sent periodically. RIP version, method, and direction are determined by the Ethernet parameters set in the Configuration/IP/IP Router/RIP menu.

WAN IP Bridge/Proxy ARP

If this option is set to Yes (def), the Express 4100/4110 will proxy ARP on the bridge IP port. See the section “IP/Proxy ARP” on page 3-21 for an explanation of the proxy ARP function.

Bridge/WAN IPX Bridge

When IPX routing is active, the Express 4100/4110 will allow another WAN device to bridge IPX packets to it using PPP BCP. Normally, two IPX routers would negotiate PPP IPXCP to exchange IPX packets. However, if a device can only support PPP BCP, IPX packets are encapsulated by the device as bridge packets. The Express 4100/4110 can treat the WAN IPX Bridge as a virtual Ethernet port connected only to a WAN

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

device which has negotiated PPP BCP. This men u allows the IPX parameters for this virtual Ethernet to be setup.

WAN IPX Bridge/Network

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 This is the network address of the virtual Ethernet port. See “IPX/Net-

work” on page 3-22 for an explanation of the IPX network number.

WAN IPX Bridge/Frame Type

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 This is the frame type used for the virtual Ethernet port. See “IPX/Frame

Type” on page 3-23 for an explanation of the IPX frame type.

WAN IPX Bridge/Seed Status

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 This is the seed status used for the virtual Ethernet port. See “IPX/Seed

Status” on page 3-23 menu for an explanation of the IPX seed status.

WAN IPX Bridge/Triggered

Write security: 2; Read security: 5 When set to Yes, only IPX RIP and SAP updates are sent when the rout-

ing or service table has changed. When set to No (def), updates are sent at the same rate set for the Ethernet port (see “IPX/RIP Timer” on page 324 and “IPX/SAP Timer” on page 3-24).

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Bridge/Address Table

The Express 4100/4110 automatically maintains a table of MAC addresses detected and associates those addresses with the LAN, WAN0, or WAN1 port from which they were r eceived. This men u permits the user to adjust the parameters or rules for the table as addresses are learned.

Address Table/Aging

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This is the maximum time an idle MAC address remains in the table

before being removed. The value is in minutes and can range from 0 (which means never age) to 65535. The default is 5.

Address Table/Forward Policy

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When this parameter is set to Unknown (def), any bridge packet with a

destination MAC address that is not in the bridge table is forwar ded to all other ports. When set to Known, the packet with the unknown destination MAC address is dropped and is not forwarded.

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Configuration/Security

The Security menu is used to set up the authentication parameters needed to authenticate PPP connection over the ISDN B-channels. Also, the filter defines are placed under this menu. Figure 3-7 shows the Security menu.

Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Figure 3-7. Configuration/Security Screen

Security/Authentication

Write security: 1; Read security: 2 The method used for authenticating the PPP peer is selected here. The

possible values are:

(def) No attempt is made to authenticate the PPP peer.

None Radius

Connection List

The Express 4100/4110 will act as a RADIUS client and authenticate the PPP peer using the RADIUS server. The Radius server parameters must be set up properly for this to work.

The Connection List profile is used to authenticate the PPP peer.

See “Configuration/Connection List” on page 3-36 for more information on authenticating.

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Security/When

Write security: 1; Read security: 2 The Express 4100/4110 can be configured to authenticate the PPP peer

(using the above method) for incoming calls using Answer Onl y (def), or for outgoing and incoming calls using Originate and Answer.

Security/Radius Server

The parameters for the radius server are configured in this menu. The RADIUS server can be used for authenticating a PPP peer (if defined under Security/Authentication) and for Telnet server sessions.

Radius Server/Primary Server

Write security: 1; Read security: 2 This is the IP address of the first RADIUS server that the Express 4100/

4110 should attempt to communicate with when authenticating a PPP peer.

Radius Server/Secondary Server

Write security: 1; Read security: 2 This is the IP address of the back-up RADIUS server that the Express

4100/4110 should attempt to communicate with when the primary server does not respond.

Radius Server/UDP Port

Write security: 1; Read security: 2 This is the UDP port that the Express 4100/4110 should use when com-

municating with the RADIUS server. The default is 1645, which is the commonly used port.

Radius Server/Secret

Write security: 0; Read security: 1 The RADIUS server and Express 4100/41 10 share this text string, which is

used by the RADIUS server to authenticate the Express 4100/4110 that is the RADIUS client. The factory default is to not use a secret.

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Radius Server/Retry Count

Write security: 1; Read security: 2 This is the number of times the Express 4100/4110 should send a request

packet to the RADIUS server without a response before giving up. If the number of attempts to communicate with the primary server is equal to the retry count, the secondary server (if defined) is tried. If the secondary server does not respond within the retry count, the PPP peer (or Telnet session) is not authenticated and is dropped. The default is 5.

Security/PPP

Write security: 1; Read security: 2 The PPP peer can be authenticated using three standard methods: PAP

(Password Authenticati on Protocol), CHAP (Challenge Handshake Protocol) and EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol). The strength of the authentication is determined in the order EAP, CHAP, followed by PAP, where EAP is the strongest and PAP is the weakest. PAP is a clear-text protocol, which means it is sent over the PPP link in a readable format. Care must be taken not to allow highly sensitive passwords to become compromised using this method. CHAP and EAP use a one-way hashing algorithm which makes it virtually impossible to determine the password. EAP has other capabilities which allow more flexibility than CHAP.

Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

The following selections are possible:

PAP, CHAP, or EAP

CHAP or EAP

The Express 4100/4110 will only

EAP

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(def) The Express 4100/4110 will ask for

EAP during the first PPP LCP negotiation and allow the PPP peer to negotiate down to CHAP or PAP.

The Express 4100/4110 will ask for

EAP during the first PPP LCP negotiation and allow the PPP peer to negotiate down to CHAP but not PAP.

allow EAP to be negotiated. If the PPP peer is not capable of doing EAP, then the connection will not succeed.

Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Security/Filter Defines

The Express 4100/4110 can filter packets based on certain parameters within the packet. The method used by the Express 4100/4110 allows the highest flexibility for defining filters and assigning them to a Connection List profile. The filters are set up in two steps: (1) defining the packet types, and (2) adding them to a list under the Connection List profile. See the section “Connection List/Filters” on page 3-53 for examples of how to set up filter profiles. This menu is used to define the individual filter defines based on packet type.

Filter Defines /MAC Filter Defines

Write security: 2; Read security: 3 The MAC filter is applied to bridge packets only. Bridge packets which

are forwarded by the bridge functionality of the Express 4100/4110 are defined here. Up to 32 MAC defines can be specified.

Name Src Addr

Src Mask

Dest Addr

Dest Mask

MAC Type

Type Msk

Identifies the filter entry 48-bit MAC source address used for com-

parison. (hexadecimal format) Bits in the MAC source address which are

compared. (hexadecimal format) 48-bit MAC destination address used for

comparison. (hexadecimal format) Bits in the MAC destination address used

for comparison. (hexadecimal format) 16-bit MAC type field used for comparison.

(hexadecimal format) Bits in the MAC type field used for compar-

ison. (hexadecimal format)

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Filter Defines /Pattern Filter Defines

Write security: 2; Read security: 3 The pattern filter is applied to bridge packets only. That is any packet

which is forwarded by the bridge functionality of the Express 4100/4110. Up to 32 pattern defines can be specified.

Name Offset

Pattern

Mask

Identifies the filter entry Offset from beginning of packet of

where to start the pattern comparison 64 bits used for comparison. (hexa-

decimal format) Bits in the pattern to be compared.

(hexadecimal format)

Filter Defines /IP Filter Defines

Write security: 2; Read security: 3 The IP filter defines apply to any IP packet, whether it is routed or

bridged. Up to 32 IP defines can be specified.

Identifies the filter entry

Name IP Src

Src Mask

IP Dest

Dest Mask

Src Port

Src Port Cmpr

IP address compared to the source address. (dotted decimal format)

Bits which are used in the source comparison. (dotted decimal format)

IP address compared to the destination address. (dotted decimal format)

Bits which are used in the destination comparison. (dotted decimal format)

IP source port number used for comparison Range: 0 to 65535. (decimal format)

Type of comparison that is performed

means ports equal to

means port not equal to

not =

means port greater than

means port less than

means the source port is not compared

None

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Dst Port

Dst Port Cmpr

Proto

Proto Cmpr

TCP Est Yes -

IP destination port number used for comparison Range: 0 to 65535. (decimal format)

Type of comparison that is performed

means ports equal to

= not = > < None

pared Protocol used for comparison. Range: 0 to

255. (decimal format) Type of comparison that is performed

= not = > < None

No Ignore -

means port not equal to

means port greater than

means port less than

means the destination port is not com-

means protocols equal to

means protocols not equal to

means protocols greater than

means protocols less than

means the protocol is not compared

only when TCP established

only when TCP not established

ignore TCP flags

Filter Defines /IPX Filter Defines

Write security: 2; Read security: 3 The IPX filter defines apply to any IPX packet whether it is routed or

bridged. Also, any IPX encapsulation type will be accoun ted for. Up to 32 IPX defines can be specified.

Name Src Net Src Mask

Dest Net Dest Mask

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32-bit source network address

32-bit destination network address

Identifies the filter entry (15 characters max)

Bits in the source network address which are

compared. (hexadecimal format)

Bits in the destination network address which are compared. (hexadecimal format)

Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Src Socket

16-bit value which is the source socket. Range is

Src Socket Comp

Dest Socket

Dest Socket Comp

Type Type Comp

0-65535. Type of comparison that is performed:

means socket equal to

means socket not equal to

Not =

means socket greater than

means socket less than

- no comparison is done on source

None

socket

16-bit value which is the destination socket.

Range is 0-65535. Type of comparison that is performed:

means socket equal to

means socket not equal to

Not =

means socket greater than

means socket less than

- no comparison is done on destination

None

socket 8-bit value which is the IPX type

Type of comparison that is performed:

means type equal to

means type not equal to

Not =

means type greater than

means type less than

- no comparison is done on IPX type

None

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Configuration/Connection List

The Express 4100/41 10 uses the Connection List to specify the profile each user or group of users are to have when connected. Each pr ofile or item in the Connection List has many configurable parameters giving high flexibility on a per user basis.

Up to 15 profiles can be defined in the Connection List. Calls cannot be originated or answered unless a Connection List profile is defined. The Express 4100/4110 factory defaults with one profile called DEFAULT. This profile is used for any incoming calls when Configuration/Security/ Authentication = None or when the username of the connecting PPP peer is not found in the Connection List.

To insert a new profile, press the I key when over the Num column. A new inserted profile will always be set up with the default parameters. To copy parameters from an old profile to this newly inserted profile, use the copy (C) and paste (P) keys. Entire configuration trees can be copied with this method.

Figure 3-8 shows the Connection List screen.

Figure 3-8. Configuration/Connection List Screen

3-36 Express 4100/4110 User Manual 61200176L2-1

Connection List/Description

Write security: 3; Read security: 4 The description is a text string that identifies the profile.

Connection List/Active

Write security: 3; Read security: 4 When set to Yes (def), this profile is used for authentication and user

association of incoming calls. Setting to No is the same as deleting the item but allows the information of the profile to be saved.

To delete an unused profile, use the D key when the cursor is over the number in the Num column. Once deleted, the profile is gone permanently as soon as the Connection List is saved. Items may be deleted when DEL appears below the status bar.

Connection List/Authentication

The authentication menu contains the required parameters for the authentication of the PPP peer and for being authenticated by the PPP peer.

Authentication is applied between the Express 4100/4110 and the PPP peer as follows:

Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

1. The Express 4100/4110 as the authenticator:

• When answer i ng an incoming ca ll:

• Express 4100/4110 uses PPP method configured in Configura- tion/Security/PPP.

• Authenticatee’s username is looked up in all active Connection List profiles (Rx Username).

• If found, the Rx Password is used for authenticating.

• If not found, DEFAULT entry’s Rx Password is used if Rx User- name is blank.

When answering a call, the Express 4100/4110 does not know who the PPP peer is until the authentication phase is completed. Two PPP protocols (EAP and CHAP) require the authenticator to transmit a username which the authenti cat ee uses to cross referenc e the password to use. Since the PPP peer is unknown before the authentication phase is over, the Express 4100/ 4110 uses the Tx Username in the DEFAULT profile to identify itself. If Tx Username is blank, Configuration/System Inf o/System Name is used. If that is blank, then the word “ADTRAN” is used.

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

• When originating an outgoing call:

• Express 4100/4110 uses PPP method configured in Configura- tion/Security/PPP.

• Authenticatee’s username is compared to profile used to dial.

• Authenticating with RADIU S:

•When Configuration/Security/Authentication is set to Radius, authentication is performed by the RADIUS server.

• The Express 4100/4110 uses the DEFAULT Connection List pro- file for all other parameters not supported by RADIUS attributes.

• RADIUS attributes currently supported are: framed ip, framed netmask, framed ipx network, framed routing, framed compression, and idle timeout.

2. The Express 4100/4110 as the authenticatee:

• When answering an incoming call:

•If the Configuration/Security/Authentication parameter is set to None, the DEF AULT profile’s Tx Username and Tx Password are used by the Express 4100/4110 for authenticating itself.

•If the Configuration/Security/Authentication parameter is set to Connection List or RADIUS, the Express 4100/4110 will wait until the PPP peer is authenticated before authenticating itself (except when CHAP or EAP is used). If CHAP or EAP is used, the username transmitted by the PPP peer’s authentication challenge packet is looked up in the Connection List. If found, the Express 4100/4110 responds with the profile’s Tx Username and Tx Pass-

word parameters. If not found, the DEFAULT profile’s Tx Us ername and Tx Password parameters are used.

• When originating an outgoing call:

• The dial-out profile Tx Username and Tx Password are used regardless of the PPP peer’s username received if CHAP or EAP is used.

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Authentication/Tx Method

Write security: 2; Read security: 3 This parameter specifies how the Express 4100/4110 is to be authenti-

cated by the PPP peer. There are four possible selections. See “Security/ PPP” on page 3-31 for an explanation of the three PPP standard authentication types.

(def) The connection will not allow the PPP peer to

None

authenticate it.

PAP, CHAP or EAP

CHAP or EAP

The connection will only allow authentication by the

EAP

The connection can be authenticated using PAP, CHAP or EAP.

The connection c an be authenticated using CHAP

or EAP only.

peer using EAP .

Authentication/Tx Username

Write security: 1; Read security: 3 This is the username that is used when being authenticated by the PPP

peer.

Authentication/Tx Password

Write security: 0; Read security: 1 This is the password or secret that is used when being authenticated by

the PPP peer.

Authentication/Rx Username

Write security: 1; Read security: 3 This is the username that is used to match the user to the Connection List

profile. During an incoming call, the Express 4100/4110 will scan all active connection profiles and match the received PPP peer’s username. If the name is not found, then the DE FAULT profile is used, if and only if the DEFAULT profile has nothing in the Rx Username parameter. During an outgoing call, this username does not have to match the username reported by the PPP peer.

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Authentication/Rx Password

Write security: 0; Read security: 1 This is the password or secret that is used to authenticate the PPP peer.

This is only necessary when Configuration/Security/Authentication = Connection List. Authentication/Caller ID

Write security: 1; Read security: 3 Incoming calls can be verified using the ISDN supplied caller identifier

when this is set to Yes. When set to No (def), the caller identifier is not checked.

Authentication/Call ID 1

Write security: 1; Read security: 3 The caller identification from the ISDN incoming call is compared to this

number, starting from the right digits.

Authentication/Call ID 2

Write security: 1; Read security: 3 The caller identification from the ISDN incoming call is compared to this

number, starting from the right digits.

Connection List/IP

The IP menu contains the parameters for exchanging IP data with the PPP peer. Static routes can also be created from here for IP dial-on-demand applications.

IP/Mode

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 Setting to On (def) will permit this connection profile to negotiate PPP

IPCP with the PPP peer for exchanging of IP packets.

IP/NAT

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 The Express 4100/4110 can perform Network Address Translation. This

feature is most widely used when connecting to the Internet. The Ether-

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

net network can consist of private network numbers. When this profile is connected, all IP addresses on the Ethernet side are translated into the one real IP address negotiated with the PPP peer (ISP). Multiple stations on the Ethernet side can access the Internet simultaneously. See the section “IP/NAT” on page 3-18 for more global options. Setting this option to On will cause the Express 4100/4110 to perform NAT. In the Off (def) position, the unit will route across the connection normally.

IP/Route

The IP parameters are configured in this menu. Adjusting these parameters is only necessary for certain dial-on-demand applications. Usually the Express 4100/41 10 will automatically discover the PPP peer’s networks using PPP IPCP and/or RIP.

Route/IP/Net

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 The PPP peer’s IP address or network can be set here, if known.

Leaving this at 0.0.0.0 means that the Express 4100/4110 will determine the PPP peer’s IP and network using the PPP IPCP.

Route/Netmask

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This network mask is applied to the IP/NET address for determin-

ing the PPP peer’s network. If left as 0.0.0.0, a standard network mask is used.

Route/Static Route

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When set to Yes (def), the Express 4100/4110 will add the network

defined above as an idle route in the IP routing table. When an IP packet is routed to this idle route, the Express 4100/4110 will dial using this profile. When set to No, an idle route is not placed in the table. This is necessary for dial-on-demand applications and if the probe feature is not used.

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Route/Private

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When set to Yes, the Express 4100/4110 will not advertise this static

route entry. A setting of No (def) means any static route added for this profile is advertised using RIP.

Route/Hops

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This value is the metric or number of hops that RIP will use in

advertising the static route. The range is 1 to 16 where 1 is the default. The value 16 is considered an infinite distance in RIP and is, in effect, poisoning the route.

Route/Force IP

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When set to Yes, the Express 4100/4110 will force the PPP peer to

use the IP address in the IP/Net for this profile as its WAN IP address. Normally this is set in the No (def) position.

IP/RIP

The RIP parameters can be adjusted f rom their defaults under this menu. The RIP parameters for all WAN connections are set on a per-session basis.

RIP/Mode

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 The Express 4100/4110 will perform RIP over the WAN connection

when this is set to On (def).

RIP/Protocol

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 The Express 4100/4110 can perform version 1, V1 (def), or version 2,

V2, of RIP on this WAN connection.

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

RIP/Method

Write security: 3; Read security: 5

Split Horizon

Poison Rev erse

All routes are advertised, including

None

Only routes not learned on the WAN connection are advertised.

(def) All routes are advertised, including

routes learned from the WAN connection. These routes are poisoned.

routes learned from the WAN connection. No attempt is made to poison these routes.

RIP/Direction

Write security: 3; Read security: 5

Tx and Rx

Tx only

Rx only

(def) RIP advertisements are transmitted and

listened to on the WAN connection.

RIP advertisements are transmitted and

not listened to.

RIP advertisements are listened to but

not transmitted.

RIP/Triggered

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When set to Yes, only IP RIP updates are sent when the routing

table has changed and learned routes are not “aged.” When set to No (def), updates are sent periodically.

RIP/Retain

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When this Connection List entry is disconnected and this parameter

is set to Yes, all routes learned from this WAN connection are retained and their routing interface is set to idle. This permits dialon-demand to occur using this profile for any IP network that might have been advertised by the particular PPP peer. The idle routes can be flushed or “zombied” from the routing table if a manual hangup is performed when this WAN connection is not active. See “Dial/Hang Up” on page 3-63. When this Connection List entry is disconnected and this parameter is set to No (def), routes learned from this session are “zombied” and are not retained.

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Connection List/IPX

The IPX menu contains the parameters for exchanging IPX data with the PPP peer.

IPX/Mode

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 Setting to On (def) will permit this connection profile to negotiate PPP

IPXCP with the PPP peer for exchanging of IPX packets.

IPX/Remote Network

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 A non-zero value in this remote network number will allow the Express

4100/4110 to add a route to the PPP peer’s network to the routing table. The Express 4100/4110 normally will treat the WAN network as an

unnumbered link. This is usually referred to as being a “half-router.” However, a PPP peer which wants to assign a network address to the WAN link can do so, in which case the Express 4100/4110 will go into “full-router” mode.

IPX/Triggered

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When set to Yes, only IPX RIP and SAP updates are sent when the routing

or service table has changed and learned routes are not “aged.” When set to No (def), updates are sent periodically based on the RIP and SAP timers set in Configuration/IPX/RIP Timer and Configuration/IPX/SAP Timer.

IPX/Retain

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When this Connection List entry is disconnected and this parameter is set

to Yes, all routes learned from this WAN connection are reta ined and their routing interface is set to idle. This permits dial-on-demand to occur using this profile for any IPX network or service that might have been advertised by the particular PPP peer. The idle routes can be flushed or “zombied” from the routi ng t ab le i f a ma nu al ha ng u p is p erfo rmed when this WAN connection is not active. See Dial /Hang up. When this Con-

3-44 Express 4100/4110 User Manual 61200176L2-1

nection List entry is disconnected and this parameter is set to No (def), IPX routes and services learned from this session are “zombied” and are not retained.

IPX/Type 20 Packets

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 In order for certain protocol implementations, like NetBIOS, to function

in the NetWare environment, routes must allow a broadcast packet to be propagated throughout the IPX networks. The Type 20 IPX packet is used specifically for this purpose. This causes special handling of this packet by the Express 4100/4110. When a router receives this type of packet, it rebroadcasts it across all interfaces except the one it is received on and includes the network number of that interface in the data portion of the packet. The IPX Router Specification from Novell notes that Type 20 packets should not be propagated across slower links with bandwidths of less than 1Mbps (like ISDN). However, when set to Pass (def), the Express 4100/4110 will allow these packets to propagate over the WAN connection. This facilitates dial-on-demand applications. When set to Block, all Type 20 packets are not propagated across the WAN con- nection.

Connection List/Bridge

Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

The Bridge menu contains the parameters needed for exchanging bridged packets with the PPP peer.

Bridge/Mode

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When set to On (def), the Express 4100/4110 will attempt to negotiate

PPP BCP with the PPP peer. Bridging can be used even in route mode only if the PPP peer cannot support certain PPP protocols for that particular routing protocol. See “Bridge/WAN IP Bridge” on page 3-26 and “Bridge/WAN IPX Bridge” on page 3-26 for further details.

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Connection List/Probe

The Probe feature on the Express 4100/4110 is mainly used for allowing a network to have multiple virtual network co nnections to many des tinations using the single ISDN lin k. The Express 4100/4110 can periodically obtain routing information from various locations and retain this in the routing tables, thereby permitting the LAN connection to be aware of the networks at this location. Probe helps keep route tables updated. When a service or network connection is required, the Express 4100/4110 can demand dial that location. This can be beneficial for remote IPX workstations that cannot boot up properly without knowing the IPX services that would be in the Express 4100/4110’s SAP table.

Probe/Active

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When set to Yes, the Express 4100/4110 will periodically dial this profiles

dial-out number to get routing and service table updates. The default is No.

Probe/Interval

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This is the time the Express 4100/4110 waits between probes. The value is

in minutes and ranges from 1 to 240. The default is 15 minutes.

Probe/Update Window

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This is the time the Express 4100/4110 stays connected during a probe.

Normally route and service tables are exchanged immediately after connection. However, some routers could wait until their regular RIP or SAP time period has been reached before they advertise their routes or services to the Express 4100/4110. The value is in seconds and ranges from 5 to

180. The default is 5 seconds and assumes that a routing update is received upon connection.

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Connection List/PPP

The Express 4100/4110 supports the IETF standards for the Point-toPoint Protocol. The PPP state machine running in the Express 4100/4110 can be fine-tuned to support many applications that can be employed. The configurable items under this menu can be changed from their default values for special cases.

PPP/Multilink

Multilink PPP allows the two B-channels to be used together for increased bandwidth.

Multilink/Mode

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When this item is set to On (def), Multilink PPP is negotiated with

the PPP peer . When Off, the Express 4100/41 10 will only allow one B-channel for this connection.

Multilink/Fragment

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When this item is set to Yes (def), the Express 4100/4110 will split

outgoing packets greater than 128 bytes into two Multilink fragments and simultaneously transmit them one per B-channel. The receiving PPP peer will then reassemble them. This decreases the transport delay. However, some legacy equipment might have trouble handling fragmented packets, in which case this option should be set to No.

Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Multilink/BACP

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 The Bandwidth Allocation Control Protocol (BACP) and Band-

width Allocation Protocol (BAP) are used to enhance Multilink PPP . Together, they allow phone numbers to be exchanged when more bandwidth is needed and member links to be dropped when bandwidth is to be decreased. When this item is set to On, BACP is negotiated with the PPP peer. When Off, the Express 4100/4110 will not run BACP/BAP but dynamic bandwidth can st ill be operated.

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Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Certain rules for bandwidth-on-demand apply, depending on whether BACP is negotiated. If BACP is not negotiated, the originator of the call will perform the dynamic bandwidth adjustments on its own. If BACP is negotiated, the decisions are made on either side but the call is always from the originator.

PPP/Compression

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 The Express 4100/4110 uses LZS

known as STAC) for data compression. The Ascend Communications version of this compression is also supported. The Express 4100/41 10 will automatically select the type of compression. Compression is negotiated when this item is set to STAC (def). No compression will be attempted when set to None.

PPP/VJ Compression

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When this item is set to On, the Express 4100/4110 will perform TCP/IP

header compression known as Van Jacobson compression to the PPP peer . Normally, this is not necessary over ISDN connections and can be set to Off (def) to disable it.

technology from hi/fn

(formerly

PPP/Max Config

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This value is the number of unanswered configuration-requests that

should be transmitted before giving up on a call. The possible values are 5, 10 (def), 15 and 20.

PPP/Max Timer

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This value is the number of seconds to wait between unanswered configu-

ration-requests. The possible values are 1 sec, 2 secs (def), 3 secs, 5 secs and 10 secs.

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PPP/Max Failure

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 Due to the nature of PPP, configuration options may not be agreed upon

between two PPP peers. This value is the number of configuration-naks that should occur before an option is configuration-rejected. This allows a connection to succeed that might otherwise fail. The possible values ar e 5 (def), 10, 15 and 20.

Connection List/Dial Out

The dialing parameters for establishing this connection are defined under this menu.

Dial Out/Number 1

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This is the first number used for dialing up this connection.

Dial Out/Number 2

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This is the second number used for dialing a second B-channel when

adding bandwidth. If BACP/BAP is negotiated, this number is not necessary. If this number is not specified and BACP/BAP is not used, the Number 1 number is re-dialed when adding bandwidth.

Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Dial Out/Call T y pe

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 The call type can be configured in four different ways:

Speech

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Speech directs the call control software to request a

Mu-law encoded speech circuit as the bearer capability for the outgoing calls. The speech option is used with an ISDN line configured for voice service. In some areas, voice service costs less than data services. A speech call type does not always guarantee an end-to-end digital connection with some local and long distance carriers.

Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Audio directs the call control software to request a

Audio

3.1 kHz audio circuit as the bearer capability for the outgoing calls. The audio option is used with an ISDN line configured for voice service. In some areas, audio service costs less than data services. An audio call type does guarantee a digital end-to-end digital connection.

56K

(def) The default call type for ISDN service is Data 64 kbps.

64K

56K directs the call control software to request a 64 kbps data circuit that is rate-adapted to 56 kbps. Data 56 kbps is intended for use in circumstances where interoperability with Switched 56 service is desired.

This directs the call control software to request an unrestricted 64 kbps circuit.

Dial Out/Redial at 56K

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 Selecting Yes (def) causes the Express 4100/4110 to r e-dial a call at the 56K

call type if a 64K call type was unsuccessful. This will not occur if set to No or if the original call type was other than 64K .

Dial Out/Delay

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This is the number of seconds between unsuccessful call attempts made

during dial-on-demand or during dynamic bandwidth. The range is between 0 and 255, with a default of 15 seconds.

Dial Out/Connection Timeout

Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This is the amount of time the Express 4100/4110 waits for a call to be

answered before giving up the attempt. Possible values are 15 secs (def), 30 secs, 1 min, 2 mins and 4 mins.

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ADTRAN Express 4100 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

SETTING UP THE ISDN LINE

Quick Startup Guide

ISDN OVERVIEW

THE EXPRESS 4100/4110

Applications

Single User to Corporate LAN

Single User IP to Internet Service Provider (ISP) using Network Address Translation (NAT)

Multiple Users to Internet Service Provider (ISP) using NAT

Small Office - Home Office (SOHO) to Corporate LAN

Demand Routing and Bridging with the Express 4100/4110

Factory Default

Bridging

IP Routing

IPX Routing

Connection List - Simplifying and Enhancing the Dial Function

Concurrent Routing and Bridging

Routing over PPP Bridging

Network Address Translation Mode

Front Panel

LAN Indicators

WAN Indicators

Test Indicators

Rear Panel

ISDN Connection

Ordering ISDN

Interoperability

Connecting to the Internet

Configuration

Security

Chapter 2 Installation

ISDN NETWORK CONNECTION

LOCAL AREA NETWORK CONNECTION

Supplementary Services

DTMF Keypad

Customer Premises Wiring

TERMINAL MENU STRUCTURE

Configuration

Dial

Status

Test

Logs

Utilities

NAVIGATING THE TERMINAL MENUS

General Layout

Menu Path

Moving Around

Submenus [+] or [DATA]

Activation Field <+>

Editable Data Field

Read-Only Field

Navigation with the Keyboard

Security Levels

System Name

System Location

System Contact

Firmware Revision

System Uptime

Configuration/WAN

WAN/ISDN

ISDN/Dial Line

Dial Line/ExpertISDN

Dial Line/Switch Protocol

Dial Line/Area Code

Dial Line/SPID 1

Dial Line/LDN 1 or 2

ISDN/Leased Line

Leased Line/Clock Mode

Leased Line/Channel Rate

WAN/POTS

ISDN/NEBEs

ISDN/FEBEs

POTS/POTS Assignment

POTS/NI-1 Conference FI

POTS/NI-1 Transfer FI

POTS/Speech Calltype Routing

Configuration/IP