Accusys Acuta User Manual
Preface
e
c
a
f
e
r
P
P
P
a
f
e
r
a
f
e
r
c
c
e
e
Notice
Product features and specifications described in this manual are subject to change without
notice.
The manufacturer shall not be liable for any damage, or for the loss of information resulting
from the performance or use of the information contained herein.
Trademarks
Accusys and the names of Accusys products and logos referenced herein are trademarks
and/or service marks or registered trademarks and/or service marks of Accusys, Inc.
Microsoft, Windows, Windows NT , MS-DOS are either trademarks or registered trademarks of
Microsoft Corporation. Intel and Pentium are registered trademarks of Intel Corporation.
Other product and company names mentioned herein may be trademarks and/or service
marks of their respective owners.
All contents of this manual are copyrighted by Accusys, Incite information contained herein is
the exclusive property of Accusys, Inc. and shall not be copied, transferred, photocopied,
translated on paper, film, electronic media, or computer-readable form, or otherwise
reproduced in any way, without the express written permission of Accusys Inc.
© Copyright 2005 Accusys, Inc.
All rights reserved.
This manual version 1.04
Before starting any kind of hardware installation, please
ensure that all power switches have been turned off and all
power cords disconnected to prevent personal injury and
damage to the hardware.
1
Accusys Acuta User’s Manual
Regulatory information
For Europe
This equipment is in conformity with the EMC directive.
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B
digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules.
Those limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful
interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can
radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in ac cordance with the
instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However,
there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this
equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which
can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try
to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
Reorient or relocate the receiving antennas.
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circlet different from that to which the
receiver is connected.
Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
Warning:
A shielded-type power cord is required in order to meet FCC emission limits and also
to prevent interference to the nearby radio and television reception. It is essential that
only the supplied power cord be used.
Use only shielded cables to connect I/O devices to this equipment.
Y ou are cautioned that changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party
responsible for compliance could void your authority to operate the equipment.
UL Listed
This equipment meets UL's safety requirements.
2
Preface
CCC certificate
This equipment is in conformity with the CCC S&E requirement.
3
Accusys Acuta User’s Manual
About this manual
Intended user
This manual is designed and written for users of the ACUTA 4/4S subsystem. This is an entry
level product suitable for most users.
Organization of the manual
This manual consists of the following sections:
Chapter 1: Introduction provides an overview of the ACUTA 4/4S as w ell as det ails of key
features and a list of specifications.
Chapter 2: Before you begin provides a detailed illustrated package list. This chapter
also contains all the information you need to decide whether to set up a RAID 0,
0+1, 5 or RAID 5+spare arr ay and lists importa nt pre-installation notices.
Chapter 3: Setting up the subsystem gives a detailed overview of the ACUTA 4/4S
subsystem’s features and guides you through the process of installing hard
disk drives into ACUTA 4/4S.
Chapter 4: Setting up an array explains how to set the RAID level, create an array and
connect to a host computer.
Chapter 5: Partitioning the array tells you how partition the array in Windows, Linux or
Mac OS X operating systems.
Appendix A: FAQ helps you deal with encountered problems in the form of Q&A.
Appendix B: Glossary defines relevant technical terms used in this manual.
Appendix C: LCD Display Messages lists all status and error messages that may be
displayed on ACUTA 4/4S’s built-in display.
Appendix D: Updating Firmware explains how to install new or updated firmware on
ACUTA 4/4S.
Appendix E: How to set Password security teaches users how to set the Password
security function.
Appendix F: Contact Us lists contact details of Accusys business units around the world.
4
Preface
Using this manual
This guide contains all the information you need to set up and start using your ACUTA 4/4S
subsystem and to monitor its performance in real time. The setup process will follow these
steps:
Prepare:
Set up:
Create:
Partition:
When you have reached this point, your ACUTA 4/4S subsystem will be ready for use. To get
the most from ACUTA 4/4S, you may also want to set up the AcutaView
With this browser you can monitor the status of your array at any time and from any computer
on your LAN. You will find full installation instructions and information on the monitoring
capabilities of AcutaView in the AcutaView User’s Manual. Both AcutaView and the
AcutaView User’s Manual are included on the supplied CD-ROM.
Familiarize yourself with the features and capabilities of
ACUTA 4/4S (Chapter 1)
Decide whether to set up a RAID 0 , 0+1, 5 or 5+ spare arr ay
(Chapter 2)
Install drives in ACUTA 4/4S (Chapter 3)
Set the RAID level Chapter 4)
Create a RAID array and connect it to a host computer
(Chapter 4)
Partition the array using the host operating system
(Chapter 5)
GUI on your system.
5
Accusys Acuta User’s Manual
Guide to Conventions
Important information that users should be aware of is indicated with the following icons:
This icon indicates the existence of a potential hazard that could result in
personal injury, damage to your equipment or loss of data if the safety
instruction is not observed.
This icon indicates useful tips on getting the most from your ACUTA 4/4S
subsystem.
Important terms, commands and programs are put in Boldface font.
Screen text is given in screen font.
Related Products/Versions
AcutaView: A GUI application designed for use with the ACUTA 4/4S subsystem. The
application serves as a handy and effective tool for remote, cross-platform monitoring of
arrays.
Related Documents for Reference
AcutaView User’s Manual: A guide to the GUI application
6
Chapter 1 – Introduction
s
t
n
e
t
n
o
C
f
o
e
l
b
a
T
b
a
T
b
a
T
P
R
E
F
A
C
P
R
P
R
T
A
B
T
A
T
A
E
E
F
A
C
E
E
F
A
C
E
........................................................................................1
NOTICE....................................................................................................................... 1
TRADEMARKS ............................................................................................................ 1
REGULATORY INFORMATION ...................................................................................... 2
Intended user........................................................................................................ 4
Organization of the manual ................................................................................. 4
USING THIS MANUAL.................................................................................................. 5
GUIDE TO CONVENTIONS ........................................................................................... 6
RELATED PRODUCTS/VERSIONS................................................................................. 6
RELATED DOCUMENTS FOR REFERENCE .................................................................... 6
L
E
O
F
B
L
B
L
C
E
O
F
C
E
O
F
C
e
l
e
l
O
N
T
E
O
N
N
T
E
O
N
N
T
E
N
C
f
o
C
f
o
T
S
T
S
T
S
.................................................................7
o
o
n
n
n
e
t
n
e
t
s
t
s
t
CHAPTER 1...................................................................................11
I
N
T
R
O
D
U
C
T
I
O
I
N
T
R
O
D
I
N
T
CHAPTER 2...................................................................................15
B
E
F
B
E
B
E
U
R
O
D
U
OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................... 11
KEY FEATURES......................................................................................................... 12
Hot Spare........................................................................................................... 12
Automatic drive rebuilding................................................................................ 12
Hard drive hot swapping ................................................................................... 12
Multiple host interface support.......................................................................... 12
Warranty............................................................................................................ 12
SPECIFICATIONS....................................................................................................... 13
Available host intefaces and transfer speeds ..................................................... 13
Disk Interface Support....................................................................................... 13
RAID Function Support ..................................................................................... 13
Subsystem Function Support.............................................................................. 13
Mechanical, Environmental and Safety Specifications...................................... 14
Dimensions: 402mm x 200mm x 175mm............................................................ 14
O
R
E
F
F
MAKING SURE YOU HAVE EVERYTHING............................................................. ....... 15
PRE-INSTALLATION PLANNING ................................................................................. 17
Y
O
R
E
O
R
E
What's in the box................................................................................................ 15
What else you need............................................................................................. 17
N
C
T
I
O
N
C
T
I
O
N
..........................................................................11
O
U
B
E
G
I
Y
O
U
Y
O
U
N
B
E
G
I
N
B
E
G
I
N
..................................................................15
7
Accusys Acuta User’s Manual
Introduction to RAID levels............................................................................... 17
RAID 0 ............................................................................................................... 18
RAID 0+1........................................................................................................... 19
RAID 5 and RAID 5+hot spare.......................................................................... 20
PRE-INSTALLATION NOTICES.................................................................................... 22
CHAPTER 3...................................................................................23
S
E
T
T
I
N
G
U
P
T
H
E
S
U
B
S
Y
S
T
E
S
E
T
T
I
N
G
U
P
T
H
E
S
U
B
S
E
T
T
I
N
G
U
P
T
H
E
FAMILIARIZING YOURSELF WITH ACUTA 4/4S........................................................ 23
Overview............................................................................................................ 23
Front view.......................................................................................................... 24
Rear view ........................................................................................................... 25
Host connection ports: IEEE 1394 and USB interface version......................... 25
Host connection ports: Serial ATA interface version......................................... 26
LOADING DRIVES INTO ACUTA 4/4S....................................................................... 26
CHAPTER 4...................................................................................30
S
E
T
T
I
N
G
U
P
A
N
S
E
T
T
I
N
G
S
E
T
T
ARRAY CREATION FLOWCHART................................................................................ 30
SETTING RAID LEVEL.............................................................................................. 31
CREATING AN ARRAY............................................................................................... 34
REMOVING / REPLACING A DRIVE ............................................................................. 37
CONNECTING TO A HOST COMPUTER ........................................................................ 39
SETTING THE DISPLAY TIME & DATE....................................................................... 42
U
I
N
G
U
Setting RAID 0 ................................................................................................... 33
Setting RAID 0+1............................................................................................... 33
Setting RAID 5 ................................................................................................... 33
Setting RAID 5+spare........................................................................................ 33
What if a disk fails?............................................................................................ 37
Swapping drives................................................................................................. 37
Removing a drive ............................................................................................... 38
IEEE 1394 and USB host interface version ....................................................... 39
Serial ATA host interface version ...................................................................... 40
A
P
A
N
A
P
A
N
S
S
U
B
S
R
R
A
Y
R
R
A
Y
A
R
R
A
Y
M
Y
S
T
E
M
Y
S
T
E
M
................................................23
.............................................................30
CHAPTER 5...................................................................................43
P
A
R
T
I
T
I
O
N
I
N
G
T
H
E
A
R
R
A
P
A
R
T
I
T
I
O
N
I
N
G
T
H
E
P
A
R
T
I
T
I
O
N
I
N
G
PARTITIONING THE ARRAY - WINDOWS.................................................................... 43
PARTITIONING THE ARRAY - LINUX.......................................................................... 44
PARTITIONING THE ARRAY – MAC OS X.................................................................. 46
8
A
T
H
E
Y
R
R
A
A
Y
R
R
A
Y
....................................................43
Chapter 1 – Introduction
APPENDIX A.................................................................................48
F
A
Q
F
A
Q
F
A
Q
.................................................................................................48
APPENDIX B.................................................................................54
G
L
O
S
S
A
R
G
L
O
G
L
O
APPENDIX C.................................................................................56
L
C
D
L
C
D
L
C
D
INITIALIZATION MESSAGES....................................................................................... 56
REBUILD MESSAGES ................................................................................................. 57
FAILURE AND ERROR MESSAGES............................................................................... 58
RAID AND DISK STATUS MESSAGES ......................................................................... 60
RAID AND DISK INFORMATION MESSAGES............................................................... 61
Y
S
S
A
R
Y
S
S
A
R
Y
....................................................................................54
D
I
S
P
L
A
Y
M
E
S
S
A
G
E
D
I
S
P
L
A
Y
M
E
D
I
S
P
L
A
RAID failure message........................................................................................ 58
Disk failure message.......................................................................................... 58
RAID configuration error message.................................................................... 58
Fan failure message........................................................................................... 59
Overheating error message................................................................................ 60
Power on............................................................................................................ 60
Disk initialization............................................................................................... 60
Ready ................................................................................................................. 60
RAID level.......................................................................................................... 60
Disk information................................................................................................ 61
Firmware version............................................................................................... 61
Fan and temperature information...................................................................... 61
Serial number..................................................................................................... 61
Password security message................................................. ..... ..... .... ..... ..... ..... .. 63
S
Y
M
E
S
S
S
A
G
E
S
S
A
G
E
S
.........................................................56
APPENDIX D.................................................................................64
U
P
D
A
T
I
N
G
F
I
R
M
W
A
R
U
P
D
A
T
I
N
G
F
I
R
U
P
D
A
T
I
N
G
APPENDIX E.................................................................................67
H
O
W
T
O
H
O
W
H
O
APPENDIX E.................................................................................68
C
O
N
C
O
N
C
O
N
ACCUSYS, INC.......................................................................................................... 68
ACCUSYS U.S.A., INC. ............................................................................................. 68
ACCUSYS KOREA, INC.............................................................................................. 68
S
T
O
W
S
T
O
S
T
A
C
T
T
A
C
T
T
A
C
T
M
F
I
R
M
E
T
P
A
E
S
T
P
A
E
T
P
A
U
S
U
S
U
S
................................................................................68
E
W
A
R
E
W
A
R
E
.............................................................64
S
W
O
R
D
S
E
C
U
R
I
T
Y
S
S
W
O
R
D
S
E
C
S
S
W
O
R
D
U
S
E
C
U
?
R
I
T
Y
?
R
I
T
Y
?
..................................67
9
Accusys Acuta User’s Manual
B
B
ACCUSYS CHINA, INC............................................................................................... 68
ACCUSYS EU. BV.................................................................................................... 68
刪除: Hard drive hot
swapping 12
Multiple host interface
support 12
Warranty 12
SPECIFICATIONS 13
Available host intefaces and
transfer speeds 13
Disk Interface Support 13
RAID Function Support 13
Subsystem Function
Support 13
Mechanical, Environmental
and Safety Specifications 14
Dimensions: 402mm x 200mm
x 175mm 14
CHAPTER 2 15
E
F
O
R
E
Y
O
U
B
E
F
O
R
B
E
F
O
R
E
G
I
N
B
E
G
I
N
B
E
G
I
N
MAKING SURE YOU HAVE
EVERYTHING 15
What's in the box 15
What else you need 17
PRE-INSTALLATION
PLANNING 17
Introduction to RAID
levels 17
RAID 0 18
RAID 0+1 19
RAID 5 and RAID 5+hot
spare 20
PRE-INSTALLATION
NOTICES 22
CHAPTER 3 23
S
E
T
T
I
N
S
E
T
T
I
N
S
E
T
T
I
N
S
U
B
S
Y
S
S
EFACE 1
NOTICE 1
格式化: 醒目提示
S
U
B
S
Y
S
U
B
S
Y
S
E
Y
O
U
E
Y
O
U
15
G
U
P
T
H
E
G
U
G
U
T
E
M
T
E
M
T
E
M
P
T
H
E
P
T
H
E
23PR
... [1]
10
Chapter 1 – Introduction
CChhaapptteerr 11
I
n
t
r
o
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
I
n
t
r
o
d
u
c
t
I
n
t
r
o
d
u
This chapter introduces the features and capabilities of ACUTA
4/4S subsystem.
You will find:
Ö A full introduction to your ACUTA 4/4S subsystem
Ö
Details of key features
Ö
Ö
Ö
A list of the product specifications
Ö
Ö
c
i
t
i
o
o
n
n
Overview
Congratulations on your selection of the Accusys ACUTA 4/4S subsystem. The ACUTA 4/4S
is a high-performance and extremely flexible RAID subsystem. RAID (Redundant Array of
Independent/Inexpensive Disks) is a storage technology used to improve the processing
capabilities of a storage system, providing a combination of reliability and performance. The
ACUTA 4/4S is ideally suited for integration with databases, e-mail, web servers and imaging
systems.
The ACUTA 4/4S is the ultimate approach to a flexible RAID solution. It can manage three
different RAID levels (0, 0+1 and 5) and also offers the option of RAID 5+hot spare. You will
find detailed explanation on the features and suggested uses of these RAID levels later in this
chapter.
The ACUTA 4/4S subsystem features a user-friendly drive carrier design that lets you easily
install four drives. Each drive carrier supports a one-inch high 3.5-inch form factor drive.
Featuring intelligent online recovery , the ACUT A 4/4S lets you hot swap a failed drive: data will
automatically be rebuilt to the new drive without any system down time. The four drive design
allows also one drive to be designated a hot spare: if one of other drives fails, the ACUT A 4/4S
will seamlessly rebuild the failed drive’s data on the hot spare.
刪除:
11
Accusys Acuta User’s Manual
Key features
The ACUTA 4/4S supports the following features
z Automatic on-line rebuilding
z Drives are hot swappable
z Supports RAID levels 0, 0+1 and 5
z Optional hot spare setup for RAID 5 (5+spare)
z Hot swappable fan
z Supports four parallel ATA/Serial ATA I hard drives
z Requires no driver
z Audible alarm on drive failure & alarm mute function
z Supports multiple host interfaces
z Disk auto shutdown when system over heat for protecting ACUTA 4/4S.
z Plug and play
Hot Spare
Hot Spare allows for the automatic replacement of a failed drive without requiring intervention
from the administrator. If this option is selected and a drive fails, the ACUTA 4/4S will
automatically replace the faulty drive with the hot spare drive.
Automatic drive rebuilding
If a member drive in a RAID 5 array is replaced on-line, t he controller will automat ically start t o
rebuild data to the new drive.
格式化: 圖樣:15% (自動 前景,
白色 背景)
格式化: 字型: 10 點
格式化: 項目符號及編號
Hard drive hot swapping
Hot swapping allows for the removal and installation of disk drives without the need to power
down the system while t he ACUTA 4/4S system is in use.
Multiple host interface support
The ACUT A 4/4S is available in two hardware configurations so that users may select the host
interface most appropriate for their system. The two configurations offer the following host
interfaces:
z IEEE 1394A/B (also known as I. Link
z Serial ATA
and FireWire) and USB 2.0
Auto disk shut down when over heat
The ACUTA 4/4S will shut down disks automatically when temperature is over 55 oC to prevent
the damage of DISK and DATA loss.
This manual contains the information necessary to set up each of the two
available hardware configurations of the ACU TA 4/4S. Where pr o cedur es for
the configurations differ, they are described separately and clearly marked.
Warranty
One year warranty
刪除: i.Link
12
Chapter 1 – Introduction
Specifications
Available host intefaces and transfer speeds
z IEEE 1394A/B 400/800 Mbps and USB 2.0, 480 Mbps; or
z SATA I, 1.5Gbps
Disk Interface Support
z 4 x ATA-100/133 or 4 x Serial ATA I
RAID Function Support
z Hardware RAID level 0, 5, 0+1, 5 + spare by switch setting
z Hot swappable disk
z Automatic on-line rebuilding
Subsystem Function Support
z Driverless
z Plug & Play
z Multiple operating system support:
Mac OS 9 / X (10.2.8 & 10.3)
Windows NT4.0/2000/2003/XP
Linux 9.0
Fedora
z GUI support for system status monitoring
z Support up to 2TB RAID capacity
z On board 2MB buffer cach e size
z LCD panel for operation status display
z Disk status LED indicators
z Fan failed LED indicator
z Power failed LED indicator
z Event notification through audible alarm or e-mail
z Alarm mute switch
z Memory for RAID level status
z One RS-232 port for terminal or GUI connection
z Removable cooling fan module
刪除: for 1394/USB
combo interface
13
Accusys Acuta User’s Manual
Mechanical, Environmental and Safety Specific a ti on s
Dimensions: 402mm x 200mm x 175mm
z Weight: < 6.67 Kg without disks
z Host Connectors (depending on hardware configuration):
Two 9-pin 1394B with power connectors and one USB2.0 connector; or
One Serial ATA connector
z Interface Connectors:
One RS-232 connector
z Operation temperature: 0 ~ 40℃
z Operation humidity: 5 ~ 95 %, non-condensing
z Storage humidity: 5 ~ 75 %, non-condensing
z 191W power supply
100~250V AC input
Output +5V/10 A, +12V/10 A, +3.3V/5A
PFC support
z FCC, CE, UL , CCC
approval
S&E
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
14
Chapter 2 – Before you begi n
CChhaapptteerr 22
B
e
f
o
r
e
y
o
u
b
e
g
i
n
B
e
f
o
r
e
y
o
u
b
e
B
e
f
o
r
e
y
o
u
This chapter includes all the information you need to prepare for
installation and to decide which RAID level to use. You will find:
Ö A checklist of what should be in the product package
Ö A full introduction to and comparison of RAID levels 0, 0+1
and 5
Ö
Important notices on the safe operation and installation of
Ö
Ö
ACUTA 4/4S
b
e
g
g
i
n
i
n
Making sure you have everything
What's in the box
Some vendors may ship certain components as standard, while other vendors treat the same
component as optional. In its most basic configuration, your package should include the
following:
z ACUTA 4/4S Controller Box with four
drive trays (
DISKS not included)
刪除: DISKs
ACUTA 4/4S is available in two hardware configurations with the following
host interfaces:
Ö IEEE 1394A/B and USB 2.0
Ö Serial ATA I
Package content for the two versi ons differ as indica ted on the following p age.
15
Accusys Acuta User’s Manual
z The following cables:
格式化: 非醒目提示
格式化: 非醒目提示
Power cable
USB 2.0 cable
(Combo PKG only)
IEEE1394a to 1394b cable
(Combo PKG only)
RS-232 cable
格式化: 非醒目提示
Serial ATA external cable
(SATA PKG only)
格式化: 非醒目提示
Serial ATA bracket
(SATA PKG only)
格式化: 非醒目提示
IEEE 1394b to 1394b cable
(Combo PKG only)
16
Chapter 2 – Before you begi n
z Screws pack
z CD-ROM containing AcutaView GUI program , user’s manual and ACUTA 4/4S
Subsystem User’s Manual (this manual)
What else you need
In order to setup a working system, the following user-supplied items are required:
z Host computer system with IEEE 1394 or USB interface (IEEE 1394 and USB host
interface version)
z Host computer system with Serial ATA interface (Serial ATA host interface version)
z Four disk drives
For non-proprietary accessories, such as cables, etc., ask your vendor to
recommend compatible and reliable bra nds.
The hard drives in a RAID should match in size and speed. All drives in any
array should be identical models with the same firmware versions. RAIDs can
use any size drive, however the smallest drive will determine the size of the
array.
格式化: 非醒目提示
Pre-installation planning
Introduction to RAID levels
The ACUTA 4/4S can support the following RAID levels: 0, 0+1 and 5 with the additional
option of RAID 5 + hot spare. Which is the right level for you? The answer depends on the
application it is used for.
RAID Leve l 0 of fers high transfer rates, and is ideal for large blocks of data where speed is of
importance. Computer Aided Design, Graphics, Scientific Computing, Image and Multimedia
applications are all good examples. If one drive in a RAID 0 array fails however, the data on
the whole array is lost.
RAID Level 0+1 combines mirroring and striping functions on a minimum of four hard disks.
Mirroring provides full redundancy and protects data in case of multiple drive failure (providing
that data on one of each mirrored pair of drives is intact).
RAID Level 5 arrays of fer high I/O transaction rates, and are the ideal choice when used with
on-line transaction processing applications, such as those used in banks, insurance
companies, hospitals, and all manner of office environments. These applications typically
perform large numbers of concurrent requests, each of which makes a small number of disk
accesses. If one drive in a RAID 5 array fails, the lost data can be rebuilt from data on the
functioning disks. The ACUTA 4/4S allows users to set one disk as a hot spare that will be
activated automatically to replace a failed disk.
17
Accusys Acuta User’s Manual
RAID 0
RAID 0 links each drive in the array as one huge drive. Storage capacity is determined by the
smallest drive in the array. That capacity is then applied to format all other drives in the array.
If using a 40 GB, 50GB, 60 GB, and 70 GB drive in a RAID 0 array, your system will see one
huge drive of 160 GB (40 GB×4).
RAID 0 offers double or more performance under sustained data transfers when one drive per
ATA port is used. In such a configuration, unlike SCSI, ATA drives are always available to the
system. SCSI requires more management of the SCSI bus. But RAID 0 without fault tolerance,
if one of disks in RAID 0 array group fails, the RAID crashed.
RAID 0: Striped disk array without fault tolerance
Characteristics: Recommended use:
RAID 0 implements a striped disk array, the data
is broken down into blocks and each block is
written to a separate disk drive.
I/O performance is greatly improved by spreading
the I/O load across many channels and drives.
Fastest and most efficie nt ar ray ty p e but offers no
fault-tolerance.
Storage capacity = (No. of disks) × (capacity of
smallest disk)
If installed 40 GB, 50 GB, 60 GB and 70 GB,
configured as RAID 0, the RAID capacity will be
160 GB.
Video production and
editing
Image editing
Pre-press
applications
Any application
requiring high
bandwidth
The diagram below represents the writing of data on a RAID 0 array composed of four DISKS
connected to the controller. Data blocks are distributed across all disks in the array.
Arrangement of data blocks saved on a Level 0 RAID
18
Chapter 2 – Before you begi n
RAID 0+1
RAID 0+1 combines mirroring and striping functions on a minimum of four hard disks.
Mirroring provides full redundancy and protects data in case of multiple drive failure (providing
that data on one of each mirrored pair of drives is intact).
RAID 0+1: Combination of mirroring and striping
Characteristics:
This configuration provides optimal speed and reliability.
Requires even number of disks (minimum 4 disks)
Storage capacity = 2 x capacity of smallest of disk
If installed four drives each are 40 GB, 50 GB, 60 GB and 70 GB, configured as
RAID 0+1, the RAID capacity will be 80 GB.
The diagram below represents the writing of data on a RAID 0+1 array composed of four
DISKS connected to the controller. The controller creates two matching RAID 0 arrays on four
DISKS
.
刪除: DISKs
Arrangement of data blocks saved on a Level 0+1 array
19
Accusys Acuta User’s Manual
RAID 5 and RAID 5+hot spare
RAID 5 uses a mathematical expression that compares data from three drives and calculates
a fourth piece of data called “parity” which is saved on a fourth drive. Should one of the drives
fail, parity data can be used to rebuild the failed data. Under RAID 5, parity data is stored
across all drives in the array. This maximizes the amount of storage capacity available from all
drives in the array while still providing data redundancy. RAID 5 requires at least three drives.
The ACUTA 4/4S allows users to set RAID 5 with three drives and the fourth drive as a “hot
spare” ready to be used for rebuilding data in case one of the other drives fails. This is RAID 5
+hot spare f unction.
RAID 5: Independent data disks with distributed parity blocks
Characteristics: Recommended use:
Each entire data block is written on a data disk.
Parity for blocks in the same rank is generated
on Writes, recorded in a distributed location and
checked on Reads.
Highest Read data transaction, medium Write
data transaction rate.
Relatively low ratio of ECC (Parity) disks to data
disks means high efficiency (compared to other
RAID levels).
Good aggregate transfer rate.
Storage capacity = (No. of disks – 1) ×
(capacity of smallest disk)
In RAID 5, installed drives each are 40 GB, 50
GB, 60 GB, 70 GB, the RAID capacity will be 120
GB.
In RAID 5 + hot spare, installed 40 GB, 50 GB, 60
GB each in disk 2, 3, 4 and installed 70 GB in
disk 1 as hot spare disk, the RAID capacity will
be 80 GB.
File and application
servers
Database servers
WWW, E-mail and News
servers
Intranet servers
Most versatile Raid level
20
Chapter 2 – Before you begi n
The diagram below represents the writing of data on a RAID 5 array composed of four DISKS
connected to the controller. Parity blocks are represented by the letter P.
The diagram below represents the writing of data on a RAID 5+hot spare array composed of
four DISKS connected to the controller. Parity blocks are represented by the letter P.
Arrangement of data and parity blocks saved on a Level 5+hot spare RAID
21
Accusys Acuta User’s Manual
Pre-installation notices
Before starting any kind of hardware installation, please ensure that all p ower
switches have been turned off and all power cords disconnected to prevent
personal injury and damage to the hardware.
To avoid overheating, ACUTA 4/4S should be installed in a well-ventilated
area and in such a way that sufficient airflow is maintained across the
controller chips.
Static electr icity can damage electronic comp onents. To guard against su ch
damage:
Work in a static-free environment
Wear a grounded anti-static wrist strap
Store uninstalled components in anti-static bags
Handle PCBs by their edges and avoid touching chi ps and connectors.
Environmental requirements: Temperature: 0-40C
Operation humidity: 5-95%, non-co nde n sing
Storage humidity: 5-75%, non-condensing
22
Chapter 3 – Setting up the subsystem
CChhaapptteerr 33
Familiarizing yourself with ACUTA 4/4S
S
e
t
t
i
n
g
u
p
t
h
e
s
u
b
s
y
s
t
S
e
t
t
i
n
g
u
p
t
h
e
s
u
b
s
S
e
t
t
i
n
g
u
p
t
h
e
s
u
This chapter gives an overview of the ACUTA 4/4S and explains
how to:
Ö Remove the drive carriers from the controller box
Ö Load hard drives into the drive carriers
Ö Install the drive carriers in ACUTA 4/4S
b
s
y
y
s
s
e
t
e
t
e
m
m
m
ACUTA 4/4S is available in two hardware configurations with the following
host interfaces:
Ö IEEE 1394A/B and USB 2.0
Ö Serial ATA
This manual contains the information necessary to set up each of the two
available hardware configurations. Where procedures for the configurations
differ, they are described separately and clearly marked.
Overview
The Controller Box has four drive carriers,
accessed from the front.
The connectors and power switch are
located on the rear panel and are accessed
from between the rear fins.
23
Accusys Acuta User’s Manual
Front view
Drive carriers
Each drive carrier can hold a one-inch high
3.5-inch form factor parallel ATA IDE disk drive.
Display
The LCD displays status and configuration
information for the ACUTA 4/4S sub sy stemand
arrays. A full list of LCD display messages is
given in Appendix C.
Scroll button
The scroll button is used to scroll through
information on the di splay and to sele ct sett ings
for the date and time.
Enter / Mute button
The Enter / Mute button is used to set date and
time and to mute the buzzer.
Disk status ind ic ator
Each drive carrier features an indicator that
lights to show disk status
Disk activity indicator
Each drive carrier features a disk activity
indicator that lights when the drive is being
accessed.
Disk Status
Indicator
Alternating green
& amber
Alternating green
& amber
Solid green Unlit RAID initialization complete
Solid green Unlit RAID established / no activity
Solid green Flashing blue Data being accessed
Solid red Unlit Disk failure / disk not properly
Solid amber Unlit Hot spare disk in R5+spare
Disk Activity
Indicator
Flashing blue RAID being initialized
Flashing blue RAID being rebuilt
Controller Stat us
installed
mode
24
Loading...