Accton Technology ES3552XA, ES3526XA User Manual

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24/48 10/100 Ports + 2GE Intelligent Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch

Management Guide

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Management Guide

Fast Ethernet Switch

Layer 2 Standalone Switch with 24/48 10/100BASE-TX (RJ-45) Ports, and 2 Combination Gigabit Ports (RJ-45/SFP)

ES3526XA ES3552XA F2.2.6.3 E122006-CS-R02 149100005500H

Contents

Chapter 1: Introduction 1-1

Key Features 1-1 Description of Software Features 1-2 System Defaults 1-5

Chapter 2: Initial Configuration 2-1

Connecting to the Switch 2-1

Configuration Options 2-1 Required Connections 2-2 Remote Connections 2-3

Basic Configuration 2-3

Console Connection 2-3 Setting Passwords 2-4 Setting an IP Address 2-4

Manual Configuration 2-4 Dynamic Configuration 2-5

Enabling SNMP Management Access 2-6

Community Strings (for SNMP version 1 and 2c clients) 2-6 Trap Receivers 2-7 Configuring Access for SNMP Version 3 Clients 2-8

Saving Configuration Settings 2-8

Managing System Files 2-9

Chapter 3: Configuring the Switch 3-1

Using the Web Interface 3-1 Navigating the Web Browser Interface 3-2

Home Page 3-2

Configuration Options 3-3 Panel Display 3-3 Main Menu 3-4 Basic Configuration 3-10

Displaying System Information 3-10

Displaying Switch Hardware/Software Versions 3-11

Displaying Bridge Extension Capabilities 3-13

Setting the Switch’s IP Address 3-14

Manual Configuration 3-15 Using DHCP/BOOTP 3-16 DHCP Relay and Option 82 Information 3-17

Managing Firmware 3-19

Downloading System Software from a Server 3-20

Contents

Saving or Restoring Configuration Settings 3-22

Downloading Configuration Settings from a Server 3-23 Console Port Settings 3-24 Telnet Settings 3-26 Configuring Event Logging 3-28

System Log Configuration 3-28

Remote Log Configuration 3-30

Displaying Log Messages 3-31

Sending Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Alerts 3-32 Resetting the System 3-34 Setting the System Clock 3-35

Configuring SNTP 3-35

Configuring NTP 3-36

Setting the Time Zone 3-38

Simple Network Management Protocol 3-38 Enabling the SNMP Agent 3-40 Setting Community Access Strings 3-40 Specifying Trap Managers and Trap Types 3-41 Configuring SNMPv3 Management Access 3-43

Setting a Local Engine ID 3-44 Specifying a Remote Engine ID 3-44 Configuring SNMPv3 Users 3-45 Configuring Remote SNMPv3 Users 3-47 Configuring SNMPv3 Groups 3-49 Setting SNMPv3 Views 3-53

User Authentication 3-54

Configuring User Accounts 3-54 Configuring Local/Remote Logon Authentication 3-56 Configuring HTTPS 3-59

Replacing the Default Secure-site Certificate 3-60 Configuring the Secure Shell 3-61

Generating the Host Key Pair 3-63

Configuring the SSH Server 3-65 Configuring Port Security 3-66 Configuring 802.1X Port Authentication 3-68

Displaying 802.1X Global Settings 3-69

Configuring 802.1X Global Settings 3-70

Configuring Port Settings for 802.1X 3-70

Displaying 802.1X Statistics 3-73 MAC Address Authentication 3-74

Configuring the MAC Authentication Reauthentication Time 3-75

Configuring MAC Authentication for Ports 3-76

Displaying Secure MAC Address Information 3-77

Configuring MAC Address Filters 3-79 Filtering Addresses for Management Access 3-80

Contents

Access Control Lists 3-82

Configuring Access Control Lists 3-82

Setting the ACL Name and Type 3-83 Configuring a Standard IP ACL 3-84 Configuring an Extended IP ACL 3-85 Configuring a MAC ACL 3-87

Binding a Port to an Access Control List 3-88

Port Configuration 3-89

Displaying Connection Status 3-89 Configuring Interface Connections 3-91 Creating Trunk Groups 3-93

Statically Configuring a Trunk 3-94 Enabling LACP on Selected Ports 3-95 Configuring LACP Parameters 3-97 Displaying LACP Port Counters 3-99 Displaying LACP Settings and Status for the Local Side 3-101

Displaying LACP Settings and Status for the Remote Side 3-103 Setting Broadcast Storm Thresholds 3-105 Configuring Port Mirroring 3-106 Configuring Rate Limits 3-107

Rate Limit Granularity 3-107

Rate Limit Configuration 3-108 Showing Port Statistics 3-109

Address Table Settings 3-114

Setting Static Addresses 3-114 Displaying the Address Table 3-115 Changing the Aging Time 3-117

Spanning Tree Algorithm Configuration 3-117

Displaying Global Settings 3-119 Configuring Global Settings 3-123 Displaying Interface Settings 3-127 Configuring Interface Settings 3-130 Configuring Multiple Spanning Trees 3-132 Displaying Interface Settings for MSTP 3-136 Configuring Interface Settings for MSTP 3-137

VLAN Configuration 3-139

IEEE 802.1Q VLANs 3-139

Enabling or Disabling GVRP (Global Setting) 3-142

Displaying Basic VLAN Information 3-142

Displaying Current VLANs 3-143

Creating VLANs 3-145

Adding Static Members to VLANs (VLAN Index) 3-147

Adding Static Members to VLANs (Port Index) 3-148

Configuring VLAN Behavior for Interfaces 3-150 Private VLANs 3-152

iii

Contents

Displaying Current Private VLANs 3-153 Configuring Private VLANs 3-154 Associating VLANs 3-154 Displaying Private VLAN Interface Information 3-155 Configuring Private VLAN Interfaces 3-156

Class of Service Configuration 3-158

Layer 2 Queue Settings 3-158

Setting the Default Priority for Interfaces 3-158 Mapping CoS Values to Egress Queues 3-160 Selecting the Queue Mode 3-162 Setting the Service Weight for Traffic Classes 3-163

Layer 3/4 Priority Settings 3-164

Mapping Layer 3/4 Priorities to CoS Values 3-164 Selecting IP Precedence/DSCP Priority 3-164 Mapping IP Precedence 3-165 Mapping DSCP Priority 3-166 Mapping IP Port Priority 3-168 Mapping CoS Values to ACLs 3-169

Multicast Filtering 3-170

Layer 2 IGMP (Snooping and Query) 3-171

Configuring IGMP Snooping and Query Parameters 3-171 Enabling IGMP Immediate Leave 3-173 Displaying Interfaces Attached to a Multicast Router 3-174 Specifying Static Interfaces for a Multicast Router 3-175 Displaying Port Members of Multicast Services 3-176 Assigning Ports to Multicast Services 3-177

IGMP Filtering and Throttling 3-178

Enabling IGMP Filtering and Throttling 3-178 Configuring IGMP Filter Profiles 3-179 Configuring IGMP Filtering and Throttling for Interfaces 3-181

Multicast VLAN Registration 3-183

Configuring Global MVR Settings 3-184 Displaying MVR Interface Status 3-185 Displaying Port Members of Multicast Groups 3-186 Configuring MVR Interface Status 3-187 Assigning Static Multicast Groups to Interfaces 3-188

Configuring Domain Name Service 3-189

Configuring General DNS Service Parameters 3-189 Configuring Static DNS Host to Address Entries 3-192 Displaying the DNS Cache 3-193

Switch Clustering 3-194

Cluster Configuration 3-194 Cluster Member Configuration 3-195 Cluster Member Information 3-196 Cluster Candidate Information 3-197

Contents

Chapter 4: Command Line Interface 4-1

Using the Command Line Interface 4-1

Accessing the CLI 4-1 Console Connection 4-1 Telnet Connection 4-1

Entering Commands 4-3

Keywords and Arguments 4-3 Minimum Abbreviation 4-3 Command Completion 4-3 Getting Help on Commands 4-3

Showing Commands 4-4 Partial Keyword Lookup 4-5 Negating the Effect of Commands 4-5 Using Command History 4-5 Understanding Command Modes 4-5 Exec Commands 4-6 Configuration Commands 4-7 Command Line Processing 4-8

Command Groups 4-9 Line Commands 4-11

line 4-11 login 4-12 password 4-13 timeout login response 4-14 exec-timeout 4-14 password-thresh 4-15 silent-time 4-16 databits 4-16 parity 4-17 speed 4-18 stopbits 4-18 disconnect 4-19 show line 4-19

General Commands 4-20

enable 4-20 disable 4-21 configure 4-22 show history 4-22 reload 4-23 end 4-23 exit 4-24 quit 4-24

System Management Commands 4-25

Device Designation Commands 4-25

Contents

prompt 4-25 hostname 4-26

User Access Commands 4-26

username 4-27 enable password 4-28

IP Filter Commands 4-29

management 4-29 show management 4-30

Web Server Commands 4-31

ip http port 4-31 ip http server 4-31 ip http secure-server 4-32 ip http secure-port 4-33

Telnet Server Commands 4-34

ip telnet port 4-34 ip telnet server 4-34

Secure Shell Commands 4-35

ip ssh server 4-37 ip ssh timeout 4-38 ip ssh authentication-retries 4-38 ip ssh server-key size 4-39 delete public-key 4-39 ip ssh crypto host-key generate 4-40 ip ssh crypto zeroize 4-40 ip ssh save host-key 4-41 show ip ssh 4-41 show ssh 4-42 show public-key 4-43

Event Logging Commands 4-44

logging on 4-44 logging history 4-45 logging host 4-46 logging facility 4-46 logging trap 4-47 clear logging 4-47 show logging 4-48 show log 4-49

SMTP Alert Commands 4-50

logging sendmail host 4-50 logging sendmail level 4-51 logging sendmail source-email 4-52 logging sendmail destination-email 4-52 logging sendmail 4-53 show logging sendmail 4-53

Time Commands 4-54

Contents

sntp client 4-54

sntp server 4-55

sntp poll 4-56

show sntp 4-56

ntp client 4-57

ntp server 4-57

ntp poll 4-58

ntp authenticate 4-59

ntp authentication-key 4-59

show ntp 4-60

clock timezone 4-61

calendar set 4-62

show calendar 4-62 System Status Commands 4-63

show startup-config 4-63

show running-config 4-65

show system 4-67

show users 4-67

show version 4-68 Frame Size Commands 4-69

jumbo frame 4-69

Flash/File Commands 4-70

copy 4-70 delete 4-73 dir 4-73 whichboot 4-74 boot system 4-75

Authentication Commands 4-76

Authentication Sequence 4-76

authentication login 4-76

authentication enable 4-77 RADIUS Client 4-78

radius-server host 4-78

radius-server port 4-79

radius-server key 4-79

radius-server retransmit 4-80

radius-server timeout 4-80

show radius-server 4-81 TACACS+ Client 4-81

tacacs-server host 4-82

tacacs-server port 4-82

tacacs-server key 4-82

show tacacs-server 4-83 Port Security Commands 4-84

port security 4-84

vii

Contents

802.1X Port Authentication 4-85 dot1x system-auth-control 4-86 dot1x default 4-86 dot1x max-req 4-87 dot1x port-control 4-87 dot1x operation-mode 4-88 dot1x re-authenticate 4-88 dot1x re-authentication 4-89 dot1x timeout quiet-period 4-89 dot1x timeout re-authperiod 4-90 dot1x timeout tx-period 4-90 show dot1x 4-90

Network Access 4-94

network-access mode 4-94 network-access max-mac-count 4-95 network-access mac-filter 4-96 network-access port-mac-filter 4-97 network-access dynamic-vlan 4-97 mac-authentication reauth-time 4-98 clear network-access 4-99 show network-access 4-99 show network-access mac-filter 4-100 show network-access mac-address-table 4-100

Access Control List Commands 4-102

IP ACLs 4-103

access-list ip 4-103 permit, deny (Standard ACL) 4-104 permit, deny (Extended ACL) 4-105 show ip access-list 4-107 ip access-group 4-107 show ip access-group 4-108 map access-list ip 4-108 show map access-list ip 4-109

MAC ACLs 4-110

access-list mac 4-110 permit, deny (MAC ACL) 4-111 show mac access-list 4-112 mac access-group 4-112 show mac access-group 4-113 map access-list mac 4-113 show map access-list mac 4-114

ACL Information 4-115

show access-list 4-115 show access-group 4-115

SNMP Commands 4-116

viii

Contents

snmp-server 4-117 show snmp 4-117 snmp-server community 4-118 snmp-server contact 4-119 snmp-server location 4-119 snmp-server host 4-120 snmp-server enable traps 4-122 snmp-server engine-id 4-123 show snmp engine-id 4-124 snmp-server view 4-125 show snmp view 4-126 snmp-server group 4-126 show snmp group 4-127 snmp-server user 4-128 show snmp user 4-130

Interface Commands 4-131

interface 4-131 description 4-132 speed-duplex 4-132 negotiation 4-133 capabilities 4-134 flowcontrol 4-135 shutdown 4-136 switchport broadcast packet-rate 4-137 clear counters 4-137 show interfaces status 4-138 show interfaces counters 4-139 show interfaces switchport 4-140

Mirror Port Commands 4-142

port monitor 4-142 show port monitor 4-143

Rate Limit Commands 4-144

rate-limit 4-144 rate-limit granularity 4-145 show rate-limit 4-145

Link Aggregation Commands 4-146

channel-group 4-147 lacp 4-148 lacp system-priority 4-149 lacp admin-key (Ethernet Interface) 4-150 lacp admin-key (Port Channel) 4-151 lacp port-priority 4-152 show lacp 4-152

Address Table Commands 4-156

mac-address-table static 4-157

Contents

clear mac-address-table dynamic 4-158 show mac-address-table 4-158 mac-address-table aging-time 4-159 show mac-address-table aging-time 4-159

Spanning Tree Commands 4-160

spanning-tree 4-161 spanning-tree mode 4-161 spanning-tree forward-time 4-163 spanning-tree hello-time 4-163 spanning-tree max-age 4-164 spanning-tree priority 4-164 spanning-tree pathcost method 4-165 spanning-tree transmission-limit 4-166 spanning-tree mst-configuration 4-166 mst vlan 4-167 mst priority 4-168 name 4-168 revision 4-169 max-hops 4-169 spanning-tree spanning-disabled 4-170 spanning-tree cost 4-170 spanning-tree port-priority 4-171 spanning-tree edge-port 4-172 spanning-tree portfast 4-173 spanning-tree link-type 4-173 spanning-tree mst cost 4-174 spanning-tree mst port-priority 4-175 spanning-tree protocol-migration 4-176 show spanning-tree 4-176 show spanning-tree mst configuration 4-178

VLAN Commands 4-179

Editing VLAN Groups 4-179

vlan database 4-179 vlan 4-180

Configuring VLAN Interfaces 4-181

interface vlan 4-181 switchport mode 4-182 switchport acceptable-frame-types 4-182 switchport ingress-filtering 4-183 switchport native vlan 4-184 switchport allowed vlan 4-185 switchport forbidden vlan 4-186

Displaying VLAN Information 4-186

show vlan 4-187

Configuring Private VLANs 4-188

Contents

private-vlan 4-189 private vlan association 4-190 switchport mode private-vlan 4-191 switchport private-vlan host-association 4-191 switchport private-vlan isolated 4-192 switchport private-vlan mapping 4-193 show vlan private-vlan 4-193

GVRP and Bridge Extension Commands 4-194

bridge-ext gvrp 4-194 show bridge-ext 4-195 switchport gvrp 4-195 show gvrp configuration 4-196 garp timer 4-196 show garp timer 4-197

Priority Commands 4-198

Priority Commands (Layer 2) 4-198

queue mode 4-199 switchport priority default 4-199 queue bandwidth 4-200 queue cos-map 4-201 show queue mode 4-202 show queue bandwidth 4-202 show queue cos-map 4-203

Priority Commands (Layer 3 and 4) 4-204

map ip port (Global Configuration) 4-204 map ip port (Interface Configuration) 4-205 map ip precedence (Global Configuration) 4-205 map ip precedence (Interface Configuration) 4-206 map ip dscp (Global Configuration) 4-207 map ip dscp (Interface Configuration) 4-207 show map ip port 4-208 show map ip precedence 4-209 show map ip dscp 4-210

Multicast Filtering Commands 4-211

IGMP Snooping Commands 4-212

ip igmp snooping 4-212 ip igmp snooping vlan static 4-212 ip igmp snooping version 4-213 ip igmp snooping immediate-leave 4-213 show ip igmp snooping 4-214 show mac-address-table multicast 4-215

IGMP Query Commands (Layer 2) 4-216

ip igmp snooping querier 4-216 ip igmp snooping query-count 4-216 ip igmp snooping query-interval 4-217

Contents

ip igmp snooping query-max-response-time 4-218 ip igmp snooping router-port-expire-time 4-218

Static Multicast Routing Commands 4-219

ip igmp snooping vlan mrouter 4-219 show ip igmp snooping mrouter 4-220

IGMP Filtering and Throttling Commands 4-221

ip igmp filter (Global Configuration) 4-221 ip igmp profile 4-222 permit, deny 4-223 range 4-223 ip igmp filter (Interface Configuration) 4-224 ip igmp max-groups 4-224 ip igmp max-groups action 4-225 show ip igmp filter 4-226 show ip igmp profile 4-226 show ip igmp throttle interface 4-227

Multicast VLAN Registration Commands 4-227

mvr (Global Configuration) 4-228 mvr (Interface Configuration) 4-229 show mvr 4-230

Domain Name Service Commands 4-233

ip host 4-233 clear host 4-234 ip domain-name 4-234 ip domain-list 4-235 ip name-server 4-236 ip domain-lookup 4-237 show hosts 4-238 show dns 4-239 show dns cache 4-239 clear dns cache 4-240

DHCP Commands 4-241

ip dhcp relay information option 4-241 ip dhcp relay information policy 4-242 ip dhcp relay server 4-242 show ip dhcp-relay 4-243

IP Interface Commands 4-244

ip address 4-244 ip default-gateway 4-245 ip dhcp restart 4-246 show ip interface 4-246 show ip redirects 4-247 ping 4-247

Switch Cluster Commands 4-249

cluster 4-249

xii

Contents

cluster commander 4-250 cluster ip-pool 4-250 cluster member 4-251 rcommand 4-252 show cluster 4-252 show cluster members 4-253 show cluster candidates 4-253

Appendix A: Software Specifications A-1

Software Features A-1 Management Features A-2 Standards A-2 Management Information Bases A-3

Appendix B: Troubleshooting B-1

Problems Accessing the Management Interface B-1 Using System Logs B-2

Glossary

Index

xiii

Contents

xiv

Tables

Table 1-1 Key Features 1-1 Table 1-2 System Defaults 1-5 Table 3-1 Configuration Options 3-3 Table 3-2 Main Menu 3-4 Table 3-3 Logging Levels 3-29 Table 3-6 HTTPS System Support 3-59 Table 3-7 802.1X Statistics 3-73 Table 3-8 LACP Port Counters 3-99 Table 3-9 LACP Internal Configuration Information 3-101 Table 3-10 LACP Neighbor Configuration Information 3-103 Table 3-11 Port Statistics 3-110 Table 3-12 Egress Queue Priority Mapping 3-160 Table 3-13 CoS Priority Levels 3-160 Table 3-14 Mapping IP Precedence 3-165 Table 3-15 Mapping DSCP Priority Values 3-166 Table 3-16 Egress Queue Priority Mapping 3-169 Table 4-1 Command Modes 4-6 Table 4-2 Configuration Modes 4-7 Table 4-3 Command Line Processing 4-8 Table 4-4 Command Groups 4-9 Table 4-5 Line Commands 4-11 Table 4-6 General Commands 4-20 Table 4-7 System Management Commands 4-25 Table 4-8 Device Designation Commands 4-25 Table 4-9 User Access Commands 4-26 Table 4-10 Default Login Settings 4-27 Table 4-11 IP Filter Commands 4-29 Table 4-12 Web Server Commands 4-31 Table 4-13 HTTPS System Support 4-32 Table 4-14 Telnet Server Commands 4-34 Table 4-15 SSH Commands 4-35 Table 4-16 show ssh - display description 4-42 Table 4-17 Event Logging Commands 4-44 Table 4-18 Logging Levels 4-45 Table 4-19 show logging flash/ram - display description 4-48 Table 4-20 show logging trap - display description 4-49 Table 4-21 SMTP Alert Commands 4-50 Table 4-22 Time Commands 4-54 Table 4-23 System Status Commands 4-63 Table 4-24 Frame Size Commands 4-69 Table 4-25 Flash/File Commands 4-70 Table 4-26 File Directory Information 4-74

Tables

Table 4-27 Authentication Commands 4-76 Table 4-28 Authentication Sequence 4-76 Table 4-29 RADIUS Client Commands 4-78 Table 4-30 TACACS Commands 4-81 Table 4-31 Port Security Commands 4-84 Table 4-32 802.1X Port Authentication 4-85 Table 4-33 Network Access 4-94 Table 4-35 IP ACLs 4-103 Table 4-34 Access Control Lists 4-103 Table 4-36 Egress Queue Priority Mapping 4-109 Table 4-37 MAC ACLs 4-110 Table 4-38 Egress Queue Priority Mapping 4-114 Table 4-39 ACL Information 4-115 Table 4-40 SNMP Commands 4-116 Table 4-41 show snmp engine-id - display description 4-124 Table 4-42 show snmp view - display description 4-126 Table 4-43 show snmp group - display description 4-128 Table 4-44 show snmp user - display description 4-130 Table 4-45 Interface Commands 4-131 Table 4-46 Interfaces Switchport Statistics 4-141 Table 4-47 Mirror Port Commands 4-142 Table 4-48 Rate Limit Commands 4-144 Table 4-49 Link Aggregation Commands 4-146 Table 4-50 show lacp counters - display description 4-153 Table 4-51 show lacp internal - display description 4-154 Table 4-52 show lacp neighbors - display description 4-155 Table 4-54 Address Table Commands 4-156 Table 4-53 show lacp sysid - display description 4-156 Table 4-55 Spanning Tree Commands 4-160 Table 4-56 VLANs 4-179 Table 4-57 Editing VLAN Groups 4-179 Table 4-58 Configuring VLAN Interfaces 4-181 Table 4-59 Show VLAN Commands 4-186 Table 4-60 Private VLAN Commands 4-188 Table 4-61 GVRP and Bridge Extension Commands 4-194 Table 4-62 Priority Commands 4-198 Table 4-63 Priority Commands (Layer 2) 4-198 Table 4-64 Default CoS Priority Levels 4-201 Table 4-65 Priority Commands (Layer 3 and 4) 4-204 Table 4-66 Mapping IP Precedence Values 4-206 Table 4-67 IP DSCP to CoS Vales 4-208 Table 4-68 Multicast Filtering Commands 4-211 Table 4-69 IGMP Snooping Commands 4-212 Table 4-70 IGMP Query Commands (Layer 2) 4-216 Table 4-71 Static Multicast Routing Commands 4-219

xvi

Tables

Table 4-72 IGMP Filtering and Throttling Commands 4-221 Table 4-73 Multicast VLAN Registration Commands 4-228 Table 4-74 show mvr - display description 4-231 Table 4-76 show mvr members - display description 4-232 Table 4-75 show mvr interface - display description 4-232 Table 4-77 DNS Commands 4-233 Table 4-78 show dns cache - display description 4-239 Table 4-79 DHCP Commands 4-241 Table 4-80 IP Interface Commands 4-244 Table 4-81 Switch Cluster Commands 4-249 Table B-1 Troubleshooting Chart B-1

xvii

Tables

xviii

Figures

Figure 3-1 Home Page 3-2 Figure 3-2 Panel Display 3-3 Figure 3-3 System Information 3-10 Figure 3-4 Displaying Switch Information 3-12 Figure 3-5 Bridge Extension Configuration 3-13 Figure 3-6 Manual IP Configuration 3-15 Figure 3-7 IP Configuration using DHCP 3-16 Figure 3-8 DHCP Relay Option 82 Configuration 3-18 Figure 3-9 Operation Code Image File Transfer 3-20 Figure 3-10 Select Start-Up Operation File 3-20 Figure 3-11 Deleting Files 3-21 Figure 3-12 Copy Configuration Settings 3-23 Figure 3-13 Setting the Startup Configuration Settings 3-23 Figure 3-14 Console Port Settings 3-25 Figure 3-15 Enabling Telnet 3-27 Figure 3-16 System Logs 3-29 Figure 3-17 Remote Logs 3-30 Figure 3-18 Displaying Logs 3-31 Figure 3-19 Enabling and Configuring SMTP Alerts 3-33 Figure 3-20 Resetting the System 3-34 Figure 3-21 SNTP Configuration 3-35 Figure 3-22 NTP Client Configuration 3-37 Figure 3-23 Setting the System Clock 3-38 Figure 3-24 Enabling the SNMP Agent 3-40 Figure 3-25 Configuring SNMP Community Strings 3-41 Figure 3-26 Configuring SNMP Trap Managers 3-43 Figure 3-27 Setting the SNMPv3 Engine ID 3-44 Figure 3-28 Setting an Engine ID 3-45 Figure 3-29 Configuring SNMPv3 Users 3-46 Figure 3-30 Configuring Remote SNMPv3 Users 3-48 Figure 3-31 Configuring SNMPv3 Groups 3-52 Figure 3-32 Configuring SNMPv3 Views 3-53 Figure 3-33 Access Levels 3-55 Figure 3-34 Authentication Settings 3-58 Figure 3-35 HTTPS Settings 3-60 Figure 3-36 SSH Host-Key Settings 3-64 Figure 3-37 SSH Server Settings 3-65 Figure 3-38 Configuring Port Security 3-67 Figure 3-39 802.1X Global Information 3-69 Figure 3-40 802.1X Configuration 3-70 Figure 3-41 802.1X Port Configuration 3-71 Figure 3-42 Displaying 802.1X Port Statistics 3-74

xix

Figures

Figure 3-43 Network Access Configuration 3-76 Figure 3-44 Network Access Port Configuration 3-77 Figure 3-45 Network Access MAC Address Information 3-78 Figure 3-46 Network Access MAC Filter Configuration 3-79 Figure 3-47 Creating a Web IP Filter List 3-81 Figure 3-48 Selecting ACL Type 3-83 Figure 3-49 ACL Configuration - Standard IP 3-84 Figure 3-50 ACL Configuration - Extended IP 3-86 Figure 3-51 ACL Configuration - MAC 3-87 Figure 3-52 Binding a Port to an ACL 3-88 Figure 3-53 Displaying Port/Trunk Information 3-90 Figure 3-54 Port/Trunk Configuration 3-92 Figure 3-55 Configuring Port Trunks 3-94 Figure 3-56 LACP Configuration 3-96 Figure 3-57 LACP - Aggregation Port 3-98 Figure 3-58 LACP - Port Counters Information 3-100 Figure 3-59 LACP - Port Internal Information 3-102 Figure 3-60 LACP - Port Neighbors Information 3-103 Figure 3-61 Port Broadcast Control 3-105 Figure 3-62 Mirror Port Configuration 3-107 Figure 3-63 Rate Limit Granularity Configuration 3-108 Figure 3-64 Output Rate Limit Port Configuration 3-109 Figure 3-65 Port Statistics 3-113 Figure 3-66 Static Addresses 3-115 Figure 3-67 Dynamic Addresses 3-116 Figure 3-68 Address Aging 3-117 Figure 3-69 STA Information 3-121 Figure 3-70 STA Global Configuration 3-126 Figure 3-71 STA Port Information 3-129 Figure 3-72 STA Port Configuration 3-132 Figure 3-73 MSTP VLAN Configuration 3-134 Figure 3-74 MSTP Port Information 3-136 Figure 3-75 MSTP Port Configuration 3-138 Figure 3-76 GLobally Enabling GVRP 3-142 Figure 3-77 VLAN Basic Information 3-142 Figure 3-78 VLAN Current Table 3-144 Figure 3-79 VLAN Static List - Creating VLANs 3-146 Figure 3-80 VLAN Static Table - Adding Static Members 3-148 Figure 3-81 VLAN Static Membership by Port 3-149 Figure 3-82 VLAN Port Configuration 3-151 Figure 3-83 Private VLAN Information 3-153 Figure 3-84 Private VLAN Configuration 3-154 Figure 3-85 Private VLAN Association 3-155 Figure 3-86 Private VLAN Port Information 3-156 Figure 3-87 Private VLAN Port Configuration 3-157

Figures

Figure 3-88 Port Priority Configuration 3-159 Figure 3-89 Traffic Classes 3-161 Figure 3-90 Queue Mode 3-162 Figure 3-91 Configuring Queue Scheduling 3-163 Figure 3-92 IP Precedence/DSCP Priority Status 3-164 Figure 3-93 Mapping IP Precedence Priority Values 3-165 Figure 3-94 Mapping IP DSCP Priority Values 3-167 Figure 3-95 IP Port Priority Status 3-168 Figure 3-96 IP Port Priority 3-168 Figure 3-97 ACL CoS Priority 3-170 Figure 3-98 IGMP Configuration 3-172 Figure 3-99 IGMP Immediate Leave 3-173 Figure 3-100 Displaying Multicast Router Port Information 3-174 Figure 3-101 Static Multicast Router Port Configuration 3-175 Figure 3-102 IP Multicast Registration Table 3-176 Figure 3-103 IGMP Member Port Table 3-177 Figure 3-104 Enabling IGMP Filtering and Throttling 3-179 Figure 3-105 IGMP Profile Configuration 3-180 Figure 3-106 IGMP Filter and Throttling Port Configuration 3-182 Figure 3-107 MVR Global Configuration 3-184 Figure 3-108 MVR Port Information 3-185 Figure 3-109 MVR Group IP Information 3-186 Figure 3-110 MVR Port Configuration 3-188 Figure 3-111 MVR Group Member Configuration 3-189 Figure 3-112 DNS General Configuration 3-191 Figure 3-113 DNS Static Host Table 3-192 Figure 3-114 DNS Cache 3-193 Figure 3-115 Cluster Configuration 3-195 Figure 3-116 Cluster Member Configuration 3-196 Figure 3-117 Cluster Member Information 3-196 Figure 3-118 Cluster Candidate Information 3-197

xxi

Figures

xxii

Chapter 1: Introduction

This switch provides a broad range of features for Layer 2 switching. It includes a management agent that allows you to configure the features listed in this manual. The default configuration can be used for most of the features provided by this switch. However, there are many options that you should configure to maximize the switch’s performance for your particular network environment.

Key Features

Table 1-1 Key Features

Feature Description

Configuration Backup and Restore

Authentication Console, Telnet, web – User name / password, RADIUS, TACACS+

Access Control Lists Supports up to 88 IP or MAC ACLs

DHCP Client Supported

Port Configuration Speed, duplex mode and flow control

Rate Limiting Input and output rate limiting per port

Port Mirroring One port mirrored to a single analysis port

Port Trunking Supports up to 4 trunks using either static or dynamic trunking (LACP)

Broadcast Storm Control

Static Address Up to 8K MAC addresses in the forwarding table

IEEE 802.1D Bridge Supports dynamic data switching and addresses learning

Store-and-Forward Switching

Spanning Tree Protocol Supports standard STP and Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP)

Virtual LANs Up to 255 using IEEE 802.1Q, port-based, or private VLANs

Traffic Prioritization Default port priority, traffic class map, queue scheduling, IP Precedence or

Multicast Filtering Supports IGMP snooping and query

Backup to TFTP server

Web – HTTPS; Telnet – SSH SNMP – Community strings Port – IEEE 802.1X, MAC address filtering

Supported

Supported to ensure wire-speed switching while eliminating bad frames

Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP), and TCP/UDP Port

1-1

Introduction

Description of Software Features

The switch provides a wide range of advanced performance enhancing features. Flow control eliminates the loss of packets due to bottlenecks caused by port saturation. Broadcast storm suppression prevents broadcast traffic storms from engulfing the network. Port-based and protocol-based VLANs, plus support for automatic GVRP VLAN registration provide traffic security and efficient use of network bandwidth. CoS priority queueing ensures the minimum delay for moving real-time multimedia data across the network. While multicast filtering provides support for real-time network applications. Some of the management features are briefly described below.

Configuration Backup and Restore – You can save the current configuration settings to a file on a TFTP server, and later download this file to restore the switch configuration settings.

Authentication – This switch authenticates management access via the console port, Telnet or web browser. User names and passwords can be configured locally or can be verified via a remote authentication server (i.e., RADIUS or TACACS+). Port-based authentication is also supported via the IEEE 802.1X protocol. This protocol uses the Extensible Authentication Protocol over LANs (EAPOL) to request user credentials from the 802.1X client, and then verifies the client’s right to access the network via an authentication server.

Other authentication options include HTTPS for secure management access via the web, SSH for secure management access over a Telnet-equivalent connection, IP address filtering for SNMP/web/Telnet management access, and MAC address filtering for port access.

Access Control Lists – ACLs provide packet filtering for IP frames (based on address, protocol, TCP/UDP port number or TCP control code) or any frames (based on MAC address or Ethernet type). ACLs can be used to improve performance by blocking unnecessary network traffic or to implement security controls by restricting access to specific network resources or protocols.

Port Configuration – You can manually configure the speed, duplex mode, and flow control used on specific ports, or use auto-negotiation to detect the connection settings used by the attached device. Use the full-duplex mode on ports whenever possible to double the throughput of switch connections. Flow control should also be enabled to control network traffic during periods of congestion and prevent the loss of packets when port buffer thresholds are exceeded. The switch supports flow control based on the IEEE 802.3x standard.

Rate Limiting – This feature controls the maximum rate for traffic transmitted or received on an interface. Rate limiting is configured on interfaces at the edge of a network to limit traffic into or out of the network. Traffic that falls within the rate limit is transmitted, while packets that exceed the acceptable amount of traffic are dropped.

1-2

Description of Software Features

Port Mirroring – The switch can unobtrusively mirror traffic from any port to a monitor port. You can then attach a protocol analyzer or RMON probe to this port to perform traffic analysis and verify connection integrity.

Port Trunking – Ports can be combined into an aggregate connection. Trunks can be manually set up or dynamically configured using IEEE 802.3ad Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP). The additional ports dramatically increase the throughput across any connection, and provide redundancy by taking over the load if a port in the trunk should fail. The switch supports up to four trunks.

Broadcast Storm Control – Broadcast suppression prevents broadcast traffic from overwhelming the network. When enabled on a port, the level of broadcast traffic passing through the port is restricted. If broadcast traffic rises above a pre-defined threshold, it will be throttled until the level falls back beneath the threshold.

Static Addresses – A static address can be assigned to a specific interface on this switch. Static addresses are bound to the assigned interface and will not be moved. When a static address is seen on another interface, the address will be ignored and will not be written to the address table. Static addresses can be used to provide network security by restricting access for a known host to a specific port.

IEEE 802.1D Bridge – The switch supports IEEE 802.1D transparent bridging. The address table facilitates data switching by learning addresses, and then filtering or forwarding traffic based on this information. The address table supports up to 8K addresses.

Store-and-Forward Switching – The switch copies each frame into its memory before forwarding them to another port. This ensures that all frames are a standard Ethernet size and have been verified for accuracy with the cyclic redundancy check (CRC). This prevents bad frames from entering the network and wasting bandwidth.

To avoid dropping frames on congested ports, the switch provides 8 MB for frame buffering. This buffer can queue packets awaiting transmission on congested networks.

Spanning Tree Algorithm – The switch supports these spanning tree protocols:

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP, IEEE 802.1D) – This protocol provides loop detection and recovery by allowing two or more redundant connections to be created between a pair of LAN segments. When there are multiple physical paths between segments, this protocol will choose a single path and disable all others to ensure that only one route exists between any two stations on the network. This prevents the creation of network loops. However, if the chosen path should fail for any reason, an alternate path will be activated to maintain the connection.

Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP, IEEE 802.1w) – This protocol reduces the convergence time for network topology changes to 3 to 5 seconds, compared to 30 seconds or more for the older IEEE 802.1D STP standard. It is intended as a complete replacement for STP, but can still interoperate with switches running the older standard by automatically reconfiguring ports to STP-compliant mode if they detect STP protocol messages from attached devices.

1-3

Introduction

Virtual LANs – The switch supports up to 255 VLANs. A Virtual LAN is a collection of network nodes that share the same collision domain regardless of their physical location or connection point in the network. The switch supports tagged VLANs based on the IEEE 802.1Q standard. Members of VLAN groups can be dynamically learned via GVRP, or ports can be manually assigned to a specific set of VLANs. This allows the switch to restrict traffic to the VLAN groups to which a user has been assigned. By segmenting your network into VLANs, you can:

• Eliminate broadcast storms which severely degrade performance in a flat network.

• Simplify network management for node changes/moves by remotely configuring VLAN membership for any port, rather than having to manually change the network connection.

• Provide data security by restricting all traffic to the originating VLAN.

• Use private VLANs to restrict traffic to pass only between data ports and the uplink ports, thereby isolating adjacent ports within the same VLAN, and allowing you to limit the total number of VLANs that need to be configured.

Traffic Prioritization – This switch prioritizes each packet based on the required level of service, using four priority queues with strict or Weighted Round Robin Queuing. It uses IEEE 802.1p and 802.1Q tags to prioritize incoming traffic based on input from the end-station application. These functions can independent priorities for delay-sensitive data and best-effort data.

This switch also supports several common methods of prioritizing layer 3/4 traffic to meet application requirements. Traffic can be prioritized based on the priority bits in the IP frame’s Type of Service (ToS) octet or the number of the TCP/UDP port. When these services are enabled, the priorities are mapped to a Class of Service value by the switch, and the traffic then sent to the corresponding output queue.

Multicast Filtering – Specific multicast traffic can be assigned to its own VLAN to ensure that it does not interfere with normal network traffic and to guarantee real-time delivery by setting the required priority level for the designated VLAN. The switch uses IGMP Snooping and Query to manage multicast group registration.

be used to provide

1-4

System Defaults

The switch’s system defaults are provided in the configuration file “Factory_Default_Config.cfg.” To reset the switch defaults, this file should be set as the startup configuration file (page 3-24).

The following table lists some of the basic system defaults.

Table 1-2 System Defaults

Function Parameter Default

Console Port Connection

Authentication Privileged Exec Level Username “admin”

Web Management HTTP Server Enabled

SNMP Community Strings “public” (read only)

Baud Rate 9600

Data bits 8

Stop bits 1

Parity none

Local Console Timeout 0 (disabled)

Password “admin”

Normal Exec Level Username “guest”

Enable Privileged Exec from Normal Exec Level

RADIUS Authentication Disabled

TACACS Authentication Disabled

802.1X Port Authentication Disabled

HTTPS Enabled

SSH Disabled

Port Security Disabled

IP Filtering Disabled

HTTP Port Number 80

HTTP Secure Server Enabled

HTTP Secure Port Number 443

Traps Authentication traps: enabled

Password “guest”

Password “super”

“private” (read/write)

Link-up-down events: enabled

1-5

Introduction

Table 1-2 System Defaults

Function Parameter Default

Port Configuration Admin Status Enabled

Auto-negotiation Enabled

Flow Control Disabled

Rate Limiting Input and output limits Disabled

Port Trunking Static Trunks None

LACP (all ports) Disabled

Broadcast Storm Protection

Spanning Tree Protocol

Address Table Aging Time 300 seconds

Virtual LANs Default VLAN 1

Traffic Prioritization Ingress Port Priority 0

IP Settings IP Address 0.0.0.0

Multicast Filtering IGMP Snooping Snooping: Enabled

Status Disabled (all ports)

Broadcast Limit Rate 32,000 octets per second

Status Enabled

Fast Forwarding (Edge Port) Disabled

PVID 1

Acceptable Frame Type All

Ingress Filtering Disabled

Switchport Mode (Egress Mode) Hybrid: tagged/untagged frames

GVRP (global) Disabled

GVRP (port interface) Disabled

Weighted Round Robin Queue: 0 1 2 3

IP Precedence Priority Disabled

IP DSCP Priority Disabled

IP Port Priority Disabled

Subnet Mask 255.0.0.0

Default Gateway 0.0.0.0

DHCP Client: Enabled

BOOTP Disabled

(Continued)

(Defaults: All values based on IEEE 802.1w)

Weight: 1 2 4 6

Querier: Enabled

1-6

System Defaults

Table 1-2 System Defaults

Function Parameter Default

System Log Status Enabled

Messages Logged Levels 0-7 (all)

Messages Logged to Flash Levels 0-6

SMTP Email Alerts Event Handler Enabled (but no server defined)

SNTP Clock Synchronization Disabled

(Continued)

1-7

Introduction

1-8

Chapter 2: Initial Configuration

Connecting to the Switch

Configuration Options

The switch includes a built-in network management agent. The agent offers a variety of management options, including SNMP, RMON and a Web-based interface. A PC may also be connected directly to the switch for configuration and monitoring via a command line interface (CLI).

Note: The IP address for this switch is obtained via DHCP by default. To change this

address, see “Setting an IP Address” on page 2-4.

The switch’s HTTP Web agent allows you to configure switch parameters, monitor port connections, and display statistics using a standard Web browser such as Netscape Navigator version 6.2 and higher or Microsoft IE version 5.0 and higher. The switch’s Web management interface can be accessed from any computer attached to the network.

The CLI program can be accessed by a direct connection to the RS-232 serial console port on the switch, or remotely by a Telnet connection over the network.

The switch’s management agent also supports SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol). This SNMP agent permits the switch to be managed from any system in the network using network management software such as HP OpenView.

The switch’s Web interface, CLI configuration program, and SNMP agent allow you to perform the following management functions:

• Set user names and passwords for up to 16 users

• Set an IP interface for a management VLAN

• Configure SNMP parameters

• Enable/disable any port

• Set the speed/duplex mode for any port

• Configure the bandwidth of any port by limiting input or output rates

• Control port access through IEEE 802.1X security or static address filtering

• Filter packets using Access Control Lists (ACLs)

• Configure up to 255 IEEE 802.1Q VLANs

• Enable GVRP automatic VLAN registration

• Configure IGMP multicast filtering

• Upload and download system firmware via TFTP

• Upload and download switch configuration files via TFTP

• Configure Spanning Tree parameters

• Configure Class of Service (CoS) priority queuing

2-1

Initial Configuration

• Configure up to 4 static or LACP trunks

• Enable port mirroring

• Set broadcast storm control on any port

• Display system information and statistics

Required Connections

The switch provides an RS-232 serial port that enables a connection to a PC or terminal for monitoring and configuring the switch. A null-modem console cable is provided with the switch.

Attach a VT100-compatible terminal, or a PC running a terminal emulation program to the switch. You can use the console cable provided with this package, or use a null-modem cable that complies with the wiring assignments shown in the Installation Guide.

To connect a terminal to the console port, complete the following steps:

1. Connect the console cable to the serial port on a terminal, or a PC running

terminal emulation software, and tighten the captive retaining screws on the DB-9 connector.

2. Connect the other end of the cable to the RS-232 serial port on the switch.

3. Make sure the terminal emulation software is set as follows:

• Select the appropriate serial port (COM port 1 or COM port 2).

• Set the baud rate to 9600 bps.

• Set the data format to 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, and no parity.

• Set flow control to none.

• Set the emulation mode to VT100.

• When using HyperTerminal, select Terminal keys, not Windows keys.

Notes: 1. When using HyperTerminal with Microsoft® Windows® 2000, make sure that

For a description of how to use the CLI, see “Using the Command Line Interface” on page 4-1. For a list of all the CLI commands and detailed information on using the CLI, refer to “Command Groups” on page 4-9.

you have Windows 2000 Service Pack 2 or later installed. Windows 2000 Service Pack 2 fixes the problem of arrow keys not functioning in HyperTerminal’s VT100 emulation. See www.microsoft.com for information on Windows 2000 service packs.

2. Refer to “Line Commands” on page 4-11 for a complete description of console configuration options.

3. Once you have set up the terminal correctly, the console login screen will be displayed.

2-2

Basic Configuration

Remote Connections

Prior to accessing the switch’s onboard agent via a network connection, you must first configure it with a valid IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway using a console connection, DHCP or BOOTP protocol.

The IP address for this switch is obtained via DHCP by default. To manually configure this address or enable dynamic address assignment via DHCP or BOOTP, see “Setting an IP Address” on page 2-4.

Note: This switch supports four concurrent Telnet/SSH sessions.

After configuring the switch’s IP parameters, you can access the onboard configuration program from anywhere within the attached network. The onboard configuration program can be accessed using Telnet from any computer attached to the network. The switch can also be managed by any computer using a web browser (Internet Explorer 5.0 or above, or Netscape Navigator 6.2 or above), or from a network computer using SNMP network management software.

Note: The onboard program only provides access to basic configuration functions. To

access the full range of SNMP management functions, you must use SNMP-based network management software.

Basic Configuration

Console Connection

The CLI program provides two different command levels — normal access level (Normal Exec) and privileged access level (Privileged Exec). The commands available at the Normal Exec level are a limited subset of those available at the Privileged Exec level and allow you to only display information and use basic utilities. To fully configure the switch parameters, you must access the CLI at the Privileged Exec level.

Access to both CLI levels are controlled by user names and passwords. The switch has a default user name and password for each level. To log into the CLI at the Privileged Exec level using the default user name and password, perform these steps:

1. To initiate your console connection, press <Enter>. The “User Access Verification” procedure starts.

2. At the Username prompt, enter “admin.”

3. At the Password prompt, also enter “admin.” (The password characters are not displayed on the console screen.)

4. The session is opened and the CLI displays the “Console#” prompt indicating you have access at the Privileged Exec level.

2-3

Initial Configuration

Setting Passwords

Note: If this is your first time to log into the CLI program, you should define new

passwords for both default user names using the “username” command, record them and put them in a safe place.

Passwords can consist of up to 8 alphanumeric characters and are case sensitive. To prevent unauthorized access to the switch, set the passwords as follows:

1. Open the console interface with the default user name and password “admin” to access the Privileged Exec level.

2. Type “configure” and press <Enter>.

3. Type “username guest password 0 password,” for the Normal Exec level, where password is your new password. Press <Enter>.

4. Type “username admin password 0 password,” for the Privileged Exec level, where password is your new password. Press <Enter>.

Note: ‘0’ specifies the password in plain text, ‘7’ specifies the password in encrypted

form.

Username: admin Password:

CLI session with the Standalone Intelligent Switch is opened. To end the CLI session, enter [Exit].

Console#configure Console(config)#username guest password 0 [password] Console(config)#username admin password 0 [password] Console(config)#

Setting an IP Address

You must establish IP address information for the switch to obtain management access through the network. This can be done in either of the following ways:

Manual — You have to input the information, including IP address and subnet mask. If your management station is not in the same IP subnet as the switch, you will also need to specify the default gateway router.

Dynamic — The switch sends IP configuration requests to BOOTP or DHCP address allocation servers on the network.

Manual Configuration

You can manually assign an IP address to the switch. You may also need to specify a default gateway that resides between this device and management stations that exist on another network segment. Valid IP addresses consist of four decimal numbers, 0 to 255, separated by periods. Anything outside this format will not be accepted by the CLI program.

Note: The IP address for this switch is obtained via DHCP by default.

2-4

Basic Configuration

Before you can assign an IP address to the switch, you must obtain the following information from your network administrator:

• IP address for the switch

• Default gateway for the network

• Network mask for this network

To assign an IP address to the switch, complete the following steps:

1. From the Privileged Exec level global configuration mode prompt, type “interface vlan 1” to access the interface-configuration mode. Press <Enter>.

2. Type “ip address ip-address netmask,” where “ip-address” is the switch IP address and “netmask” is the network mask for the network. Press <Enter>.

3. Type “exit” to return to the global configuration mode prompt. Press <Enter>.

4. To set the IP address of the default gateway for the network to which the switch belongs, type “ip default-gateway gateway,” where “gateway” is the IP address of the default gateway. Press <Enter>.

Console(config)#interface vlan 1 Console(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.5 255.255.255.0 Console(config-if)#exit Console(config)#ip default-gateway 192.168.1.254 Console(config)#

Dynamic Configuration

If you select the “bootp” or “dhcp” option, IP will be enabled but will not function until a BOOTP or DHCP reply has been received. You therefore need to use the “ip dhcp restart” command to start broadcasting service requests. Requests will be sent periodically in an effort to obtain IP configuration information. (BOOTP and DHCP values can include the IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway.)

If the “bootp” or “dhcp” option is saved to the startup-config file (step 6), then the switch will start broadcasting service requests as soon as it is powered on.

To automatically configure the switch by communicating with BOOTP or DHCP address allocation servers on the network, complete the following steps:

1. From the Global Configuration mode prompt, type “interface vlan 1” to access the interface-configuration mode. Press <Enter>.

2. At the interface-configuration mode prompt, use one of the following commands:

• To obtain IP settings via DHCP, type “ip address dhcp” and press <Enter>.

• To obtain IP settings via BOOTP, type “ip address bootp” and press <Enter>.

3. Type “end” to return to the Privileged Exec mode. Press <Enter>.

4. Type “ip dhcp restart” to begin broadcasting service requests. Press <Enter>.

2-5

Initial Configuration

5. Wait a few minutes, and then check the IP configuration settings by typing the “show ip interface” command. Press <Enter>.

6. Then save your configuration changes by typing “copy running-config startup-config.” Enter the startup file name and press <Enter>.

Console(config)#interface vlan 1 Console(config-if)#ip address dhcp Console(config-if)#end Console#ip dhcp restart Console#show ip interface IP address and netmask: 192.168.1.54 255.255.255.0 on VLAN 1, and address mode: User specified. Console#copy running-config startup-config Startup configuration file name []: startup \Write to FLASH Programming.

\Write to FLASH finish. Success.

Enabling SNMP Management Access

The switch can be configured to accept management commands from Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) applications such as HP OpenView. You can configure the switch to (1) respond to SNMP requests or (2) generate SNMP traps.

When SNMP management stations send requests to the switch (either to return information or to set a parameter), the switch provides the requested data or sets the specified parameter. The switch can also be configured to send information to SNMP managers (without being requested by the managers) through trap messages, which inform the manager that certain events have occurred.

The switch includes an SNMP agent that supports SNMP version 1, 2c, and 3 clients. To provide management access for version 1 or 2c clients, you must specify a community string. The switch provides a default MIB View (i.e., an SNMPv3 construct) for the default “public” community string that provides read access to the entire MIB tree, and a default view for the “private” community string that provides read/write access to the entire MIB tree. However, you may assign new views to version 1 or 2c community strings that suit your specific security requirements (see “Setting SNMPv3 Views” on page 3-53).

Community Strings (for SNMP version 1 and 2c clients)

Community strings are used to control management access to SNMP version 1 and 2c stations, as well as to authorize SNMP stations to receive trap messages from the switch. You therefore need to assign community strings to specified users, and set the access level.

2-6

Basic Configuration

The default strings are:

• public - with read-only access. Authorized management stations are only able to retrieve MIB objects.

• private - with read-write access. Authorized management stations are able to both retrieve and modify MIB objects.

To prevent unauthorized access to the switch from SNMP version 1 or 2c clients, it is recommended that you change the default community strings.

To configure a community string, complete the following steps:

1. From the Privileged Exec level global configuration mode prompt, type

“snmp-server community string mode,” where “string” is the community access string and “mode” is rw (read/write) or ro (read only). Press <Enter>. (Note that the default mode is read only.)

2. To remove an existing string, simply type “no snmp-server community string,”

where “string” is the community access string to remove. Press <Enter>.

Console(config)#snmp-server community admin rw 4-118 Console(config)#snmp-server community private Console(config)#

Note: If you do not intend to support access to SNMP version 1 and 2c clients, we

recommend that you delete both of the default community strings. If there are no community strings, then SNMP management access from SNMP v1 and v2c clients is disabled.

Trap Receivers

You can also specify SNMP stations that are to receive traps from the switch. To configure a trap receiver, use the “snmp-server host” command. From the Privileged Exec level global configuration mode prompt, type:

“snmp-server host host-address community-string

[version {1 | 2c | 3 {auth | noauth | priv}}]”

where “host-address” is the IP address for the trap receiver, “community-string” specifies access rights for a version 1/2c host, or is the user name of a version 3 host, “version” indicates the SNMP client version, and “auth | noauth | priv” means that authentication, no authentication, or authentication and privacy is used for v3 clients. Then press <Enter>. For a more detailed description of these parameters, see “snmp-server host” on page 4-120. The following example creates a trap host for each type of SNMP client.

Console(config)#snmp-server host 10.1.19.23 batman 4-120 Console(config)#snmp-server host 10.1.19.98 robin version 2c Console(config)#snmp-server host 10.1.19.34 barbie version 3 auth Console(config)#

2-7

Initial Configuration

Configuring Access for SNMP Version 3 Clients

To configure management access for SNMPv3 clients, you need to first create a view that defines the portions of MIB that the client can read or write, assign the view to a group, and then assign the user to a group. The following example creates one view called “mib-2” that includes the entire MIB-2 tree branch, and then another view that includes the IEEE 802.1d bridge MIB. It assigns these respective read and read/ write views to a group call “r&d” and specifies group authentication via MD5 or SHA. In the last step, it assigns a v3 user to this group, indicating that MD5 will be used for authentication, provides the password “greenpeace” for authentication, and the password “einstien” for encryption.

Console(config)#snmp-server view mib-2 1.3.6.1.2.1 included 4-125 Console(config)#snmp-server view 802.1d 1.3.6.1.2.1.17 included Console(config)#snmp-server group r&d v3 auth mib-2 802.1d 4-126 Console(config)#snmp-server user steve group r&d v3 auth md5

greenpeace priv des56 einstien 4-128

Console(config)#

For a more detailed explanation on how to configure the switch for access from SNMP v3 clients, refer to “Simple Network Management Protocol” on page 3-38, or refer to the specific CLI commands for SNMP starting on page 4-116.

Saving Configuration Settings

Configuration commands only modify the running configuration file and are not saved when the switch is rebooted. To save all your configuration changes in nonvolatile storage, you must copy the running configuration file to the start-up configuration file using the “copy” command.

To save the current configuration settings, enter the following command:

1. From the Privileged Exec mode prompt, type “copy running-config startup-config” and press <Enter>.

2. Enter the name of the start-up file. Press <Enter>.

Console#copy running-config startup-config Startup configuration file name []: startup \Write to FLASH Programming.

\Write to FLASH finish. Success.

Console#

2-8

Managing System Files

The switch’s flash memory supports three types of system files that can be managed by the CLI program, Web interface, or SNMP. The switch’s file system allows files to be uploaded and downloaded, copied, deleted, and set as a start-up file.

The three types of files are:

• Configuration — This file stores system configuration information and is created when configuration settings are saved. Saved configuration files can be selected as a system start-up file or can be uploaded via TFTP to a server for backup. A file named “Factory_Default_Config.cfg” contains all the system default settings and cannot be deleted from the system. See “Saving or Restoring Configuration Settings” on page 3-22 for more information.

• Operation Code — System software that is executed after boot-up, also known as run-time code. This code runs the switch operations and provides the CLI and Web management interfaces. See “Managing Firmware” on page 3-19 for more information.

• Diagnostic Code — Software that is run during system boot-up, also known as POST (Power On Self-Test).

Due to the size limit of the flash memory, the switch supports only two operation code files. However, you can have as many diagnostic code files and configuration files as available flash memory space allows.

In the system flash memory, one file of each type must be set as the start-up file. During a system boot, the diagnostic and operation code files set as the start-up file are run, and then the start-up configuration file is loaded.

Note that configuration files should be downloaded using a file name that reflects the contents or usage of the file settings. If you download directly to the running-config, the system will reboot, and the settings will have to be copied from the running-config to a permanent file.

2-9

Initial Configuration

2-10

Chapter 3: Configuring the Switch

Using the Web Interface

This switch provides an embedded HTTP Web agent. Using a Web browser you can configure the switch and view statistics to monitor network activity. The Web agent can be accessed by any computer on the network using a standard Web browser (Internet Explorer 5.0 or above, or Netscape Navigator 6.2 or above).

Note:

You can also use the Command Line Interface (CLI) to manage the switch over a serial connection to the console port or via Telnet. For more information on using the CLI, refer to Chapter 4: “Command Line Interface.”

Prior to accessing the switch from a Web browser, be sure you have first performed the following tasks:

1. Configure the switch with a valid IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway

using an out-of-band serial connection, BOOTP or DHCP protocol. (See “Setting an IP Address” on page 2-4.)

2. Set user names and passwords using an out-of-band serial connection. Access

to the Web agent is controlled by the same user names and passwords as the onboard configuration program. (See “Setting Passwords” on page 2-4.)

3. After you enter a user name and password, you will have access to the system

configuration program.

Notes: 1.

You are allowed three attempts to enter the correct password; on the third failed attempt the current connection is terminated.

2. If you log into the Web interface as guest (Normal Exec level), you can view

the configuration settings or change the guest password. If you log in as “admin” (Privileged Exec level), you can change the settings on any page.

3. If the path between your management station and this switch does not pass

through any device that uses the Spanning Tree Algorithm, then you can set the switch port attached to your management station to fast forwarding (i.e., enable Admin Edge Port) to improve the switch’s response time to management commands issued through the web interface. See “Configuring Interface Settings” on page 3-130.

3-1

Configuring the Switch

Navigating the Web Browser Interface

To access the web-browser interface you must first enter a user name and password. The administrator has Read/Write access to all configuration parameters and statistics. The default user name and password for the administrator is “admin.”

Home Page

When your web browser connects with the switch’s web agent, the home page is displayed as shown below. The home page displays the Main Menu on the left side of the screen and System Information on the right side. The Main Menu links are used to navigate to other menus, and display configuration parameters and statistics.

Figure 3-1 Home Page

Note: Most of the examples in this chapter are based on the ES3526XA. Other than the

number of fixed ports, there are no major differences between the ES3526XA and ES3552XA.

3-2

Panel Display

Configuration Options

Configurable parameters have a dialog box or a drop-down list. Once a configuration change has been made on a page, be sure to click on the Apply button to confirm the new setting. The following table summarizes the web page configuration buttons.

Table 3-1 Configuration Options

Button Action.

Revert Cancels specified values and restores current values prior to pressing Apply.

Apply Sets specified values to the system.

Help Links directly to webhelp.

Notes: 1.

To ensure proper screen refresh, be sure that Internet Explorer 5.x is configured as follows: Under the menu “Tools / Internet Options / General / Temporary Internet Files / Settings,” the setting for item “Check for newer versions of stored pages” should be “Every visit to the page.”

2. When using Internet Explorer 5.0, you may have to manually refresh the

screen after making configuration changes by pressing the browser’s refresh button.

Panel Display

The web agent displays an image of the switch’s ports. The Mode can be set to display different information for the ports, including Active (i.e., up or down), Duplex (i.e., half or full duplex, or Flow Control (i.e., with or without flow control). Clicking on the image of a port opens the Port Configuration page as described on page 3-91.

Figure 3-2 Panel Display

3-3

Configuring the Switch

Main Menu

Using the onboard web agent, you can define system parameters, manage and control the switch, and all its ports, or monitor network conditions. The following table briefly describes the selections available from this program.

Table 3-2 Main Menu

Menu Description Page

System 3-10

System Information Provides basic system description, including contact information 3-10

Switch Information Shows the number of ports, hardware/firmware version

Bridge Extension Shows the bridge extension parameters 3-13

IP Configuration Sets the IP address for management access 3-14

File 3-19

Copy Allows the transfer and copying files 3-19

Delete Allows deletion of files from the flash memory 3-20

Set Startup Sets the startup file 3-20

Line 3-24

Console Sets console port connection parameters 3-24

Telnet Sets Telnet connection parameters. 3-26

Log 3-28

Logs Stores and displays error messages 3-28

System Logs Sends error messages to a logging process 3-28

Remote Logs Configures the logging of messages to a remote logging process 3-30

SMTP Logs Sends an SMTP client message to a participating server 3-32

Reset Restarts the switch 3-34

SNTP 3-35

Configuration Configures SNTP client settings, including broadcast mode or a

Clock Time Zone Sets the local time zone for the system clock 3-38

SNMP 3-38

Configuration Configures community strings and related trap functions 3-40

Security 3-54

User Accounts Assigns a new password for the current user 3-54

Authentication Settings Configures authentication sequence, RADIUS and TACACS 3-56

HTTPS Settings Configures secure HTTP settings 3-59

numbers, and power status

specified list of servers

3-11

3-35

3-4

Main Menu

Table 3-2 Main Menu

Menu Description Page

SSH 3-61

Host-Key Settings Generates the host key pair (public and private) 3-63

Settings Configures Secure Shell server settings 3-65

Port Security Configures per port security, including status, response for

security breach, and maximum allowed MAC addresses

802.1X Port authentication 3-68

Information Displays global configuration settings 3-70

Configuration Configures the global configuration setting 3-70

Port Configuration Sets parameters for individual ports 3-70

Statistics Displays protocol statistics for the selected port 3-73

Network Access MAC address authentication 3-74

Configuration Sets the reauthentication time 3-75

Port Configuration Configures MAC authentication and dynamic VLAN assignment

on port interfaces

MAC Address Information Displays information in the secure MAC address table 3-77

MAC Filter Configuration Configures MAC address filters 3-79

ACL 3-82

Configuration Configures packet filtering based on IP or MAC addresses 3-82

Port Binding Binds a port to the specified ACL 3-88

IP Filter Sets IP addresses of clients allowed management access via

the Web, SNMP, and Telnet

Port 3-89

Port Information Displays port connection status 3-89

Trunk Information Displays trunk connection status 3-89

Port Configuration Configures port connection settings 3-91

Trunk Configuration Configures trunk connection settings 3-91

Trunk Membership Specifies ports to group into static trunks 3-94

LACP 3-93

Configuration Allows ports to dynamically join trunks 3-95

Aggregation Port Configures parameters for link aggregation group members 3-97

Port Counters Displays statistics for LACP protocol messages 3-99

Port Internal Information Displays settings and operational state for the local side 3-101

Port Neighbors Information Displays settings and operational state for the remote side 3-103

Port Broadcast Control Sets the broadcast storm threshold for each port 3-105

(Continued)

3-66

3-76

3-80

3-5

Configuring the Switch

Table 3-2 Main Menu

Menu Description Page

Trunk Broadcast Control Sets the broadcast storm threshold for each trunk 3-105

Mirror Port Configuration Sets the source and target ports for mirroring 3-106

Rate Limit 3-107

Granularity Enables or disables the rate limit feature 3-107

Input Port Configuration Sets the input rate limit for each port 3-108

Input Trunk Configuration Sets the input rate limit for each trunk 3-108

Output Port Configuration Sets the output rate limit for each port 3-108

Output Trunk Configuration Sets the output rate limit for each trunk 3-108

Port Statistics Lists Ethernet and RMON port statistics 3-109

Address Table 3-114

Static Addresses Displays entries for interface, address or VLAN 3-114

Dynamic Addresses Displays or edits static entries in the Address Table 3-115

Address Aging Sets timeout for dynamically learned entries 3-117

Spanning Tree 3-117

STA

Information Displays STA values used for the bridge 3-119

Configuration Configures global bridge settings for STA and RSTP 3-123

Port Information Displays individual port settings for STA 3-127

Trunk Information Displays individual trunk settings for STA 3-127

Port Configuration Configures individual port settings for STA 3-130

Trunk Configuration Configures individual trunk settings for STA 3-130

VLAN 3-139

802.1Q VLAN

GVRP Status Enables GVRP VLAN registration protocol 3-142

Basic Information Displays information on the VLAN type supported by this switch 3-142

Current Table Shows the current port members of each VLAN and whether or

not the port is tagged or untagged

Static List Used to create or remove VLAN groups 3-145

Static Table Modifies the settings for an existing VLAN 3-147

Static Membership by Port Configures membership type for interfaces, including tagged,

untagged or forbidden

Port Configuration Specifies default PVID and VLAN attributes 3-150

Trunk Configuration Specifies default trunk VID and VLAN attributes 3-150

(Continued)

3-143

3-148

3-6

Main Menu

Table 3-2 Main Menu

Menu Description Page

Private VLAN 3-152

Information Displays Private VLAN feature information 3-153

Configuration This page is used to create/remove primary or community

Association Each community VLAN must be associated with a primary VLAN 3-154

Port Information Shows VLAN port type, and associated primary or secondary

Port Configuration Sets the private VLAN interface type, and associates the

Trunk Information Shows VLAN port type, and associated primary or secondary

Trunk Configuration Sets the private VLAN interface type, and associates the

Priority 3-158

Default Port Priority Sets the default priority for each port 3-158

Default Trunk Priority Sets the default priority for each trunk 3-158

Traffic Classes Maps IEEE 802.1p priority tags to output queues 3-160

Traffic Classes Status Enables/disables traffic class priorities (not implemented) NA

Queue Mode Sets queue mode to strict priority or Weighted Round-Robin 3-162

Queue Scheduling Configures Weighted Round Robin queueing 3-163

IP Precedence/ DSCP Priority Status

IP Precedence Priority Sets IP Type of Service priority, mapping the precedence tag to

IP DSCP Priority Sets IP Differentiated Services Code Point priority, mapping a

IP Port Priority Status Globally enables or disables IP Port Priority 3-165

IP Port Priority Sets TCP/UDP port priority, defining the socket number and

ACL CoS Priority Sets the CoS value a nd corresponding output queue for packets

VLANs

interfaces with a private VLAN

VLANs

interfaces with a private VLAN

Globally selects IP Precedence or DSCP Priority, or disables both.

a class-of-service value

DSCP tag to a class-of-service value

associated class-of-service value

matching an ACL rule

(Continued)

3-154

3-155

3-156

3-155

3-156

3-164

3-165

3-166

3-168

3-169

3-7

Configuring the Switch

Table 3-2 Main Menu

Menu Description Page

IGMP Snooping 3-170

IGMP Configuration Enables multicast filtering; configures parameters for multicast

IGMP Filter Configuration Enables IGMP filtering and throttling for the switch, creates filter

IGMP Immediate Leave Enables the immediate leave function 3-173

Multicast Router Port Information

Static Multicast Router Port Configuration

IP Multicast Registration Table

IGMP Member Port Table Indicates multicast addresses associated with the selected

IGMP Filter Profile Configuration

IGMP Filter/Throttling Port Configuration

IGMP Filter/Throttling Trunk Configuration

MVR

Configuration Globally enables MVR, sets the MVR VLAN, adds multicast

Port Information Displays MVR interface type, MVR operational and activity

Trunk Information Displays MVR interface type, MVR operational and activity

Group IP Information Displays the ports attached to an MVR multicast stream 3-186

Port Configuration Configures MVR interface type and immediate leave status 3-187

Trunk Configuration Configures MVR interface type and immediate leave status 3-187

Group Member Configuration Statically assigns MVR multicast streams to an interface 3-188

DNS

General Configuration Enables DNS; configures domain name and domain list; and

Static Host Table Configures static entries for domain name to address mapping 3-192

Cache Displays cache entries discovered by designated name servers 3-193

Cluster

Configuration Globally enables clustering for the switch 3-194

query

profile numbers

Displays the ports that are attached to a neighboring multicast router for each VLAN ID

Assigns ports that are attached to a neighboring multicast router 3-175

Displays all multicast groups active on this switch, including multicast IP addresses and VLAN ID

VLAN

Configures IGMP filter profile controlled groups and access mode

Assigns IGMP filter profiles to port interfaces and sets throttling settings

Assigns IGMP filter profiles to trunk interfaces and sets throttling settings

stream addresses

status, and immediate leave status

specifies IP address of name servers for dynamic lookup

(Continued)

3-171

3-178

3-174

3-176

3-177

3-179

3-181

3-184

3-185

3-189

3-8

Main Menu

Table 3-2 Main Menu

Menu Description Page

Member Configuration Adds switch Members to the cluster 3-195

Member Information Displays cluster Member switch information 3-196

Candidate Information Displays network Candidate switch information 3-197

(Continued)

3-9

Configuring the Switch

Basic Configuration

Displaying System Information

You can easily identify the system by displaying the device name, location and contact information.

Field Attributes

• System Name – Name assigned to the switch system.

• Object ID – MIB II object ID for switch’s network management subsystem.

• Location – Specifies the system location.

• Contact – Administrator responsible for the system.

• System Up Time – Length of time the management agent has been up.

These additional parameters are displayed for the CLI.

• MAC Address – The physical layer address for this switch.

• Web server – Shows if management access via HTTP is enabled.

• Web server port – Shows the TCP port number used by the web interface.

• Web secure server – Shows if management access via HTTPS is enabled.

• Web secure server port – Shows the TCP port used by the HTTPS interface.

• Telnet server – Shows if management access via Telnet is enabled.

• Telnet port – Shows the TCP port used by the Telnet interface.

• Jumbo Frame – Shows if jumbo frames are enabled.

• POST result – Shows results of the power-on self-test.

Web – Click System, System Information. Specify the system name, location, and contact information for the system administrator, then click Apply. (This page also includes a Telnet button that allows access to the Command Line Interface via Telnet.)

Figure 3-3 System Information

3-10

Basic Configuration

CLI – Specify the hostname, location and contact information.

Console(config)#hostname R&D 5 4-26 Console(config)#snmp-server location WC 9 4-119 Console(config)#snmp-server contact Ted 4-119 Console(config)#exit Console#show system

4-67

System description: Layer2+ Fast Ethernet Standalone Switch ES3526XA System OID string: 1.3.6.1.4.1.259.6.10.74 System information System Up time: 0 days, 2 hours, 4 minutes, and 7.13 seconds System Name: R&D 5 System Location: WC 9 System Contact Ted MAC address 00-30-F1-12-34-56 Web server: enabled Web server port: 80 Web secure server: enabled Web secure server port: 443 Telnet server: enabled Telnet port: 23 Jumbo Frame: Disabled POST result

DUMMY Test 1.................PASS

UART LOOP BACK Test..........PASS

DRAM Test....................PASS

Timer Test...................PASS

RTC Initialization...........PASS

Switch Int Loopback test.....PASS

Done All Pass. Console#

Displaying Switch Hardware/Software Versions

Use the Switch Information page to display hardware/firmware version numbers for the main board and management software, as well as the power status of the system.

Field Attributes

Main Board

• Serial Number – The serial number of the switch.

• Number of Ports – Number of built-in ports.

• Hardware Version – Hardware version of the main board.

• Internal Power Status – Displays the status of the internal power supply.

Management Software

• Loader Version – Version number of loader code.

• Boot-ROM Version – Version of Power-On Self-Test (POST) and boot code.

• Operation Code Version – Version number of runtime code.

• Role – Shows that this switch is operating as Master or Slave.

Expansion Slot

• Expansion Slot 1/2 – Combination RJ-45/SFP ports.

3-11

Configuring the Switch

These additional parameters are displayed for the CLI.

• Unit - This is unit 1.

• Redundant Power Status – Displays the status of the redundant power supply.

Web – Click System, Switch Information.

Figure 3-4 Displaying Switch Information

CLI – Use the following command to display version information.

Console#show version 4-68 Unit 1 Serial number: S542021059 Service tag: Hardware version: R01A Module A type: 1000BaseT Module B type: 1000BaseT Number of ports: 26 Main power status: up Redundant power status :not present

Agent (master) Unit ID: 1 Loader version: 2.2.1.4 Boot ROM version: 2.3.0.0 Operation code version: 2.3.1.16

Console#

3-12

Basic Configuration

Displaying Bridge Extension Capabilities

The Bridge MIB includes extensions for managed devices that support Multicast Filtering, Traffic Classes, and Virtual LANs. You can access these extensions to display default settings for the key variables.

Field Attributes

• Extended Multicast Filtering Services – This switch does not support the filtering of individual multicast addresses based on GMRP (GARP Multicast Registration Protocol).

• Traffic Classes – This switch provides mapping of user priorities to multiple traffic classes. (Refer to “Class of Service Configuration” on page 3-158.)

• Static Entry Individual Port – This switch allows static filtering for unicast and multicast addresses. (Refer to “Setting Static Addresses” on page 3-114.)

• VLAN Learning – This switch uses Independent VLAN Learning (IVL), where each port maintains its own filtering database.

• Configurable PVID Tagging – This switch allows you to override the default Port VLAN ID (PVID used in frame tags) and egress status (VLAN-Tagged or Untagged) on each port. (Refer to “VLAN Configuration” on page 3-139.)

• Local VLAN Capable – This switch does not support multiple local bridges outside of the scope of 802.1Q defined VLANs.

• GMRP – GARP Multicast Registration Protocol (GMRP) allows network devices to register endstations with multicast groups. This switch does not support GMRP; it uses the Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) to provide automatic multicast filtering.

Web – Click System, Bridge Extension Configuration.

Figure 3-5 Bridge Extension Configuration

3-13

Configuring the Switch

CLI – Enter the following command.

Console#show bridge-ext 4-195 Max support VLAN numbers: 255 Max support VLAN ID: 4094 Extended multicast filtering services: No Static entry individual port: Yes VLAN learning: IVL Configurable PVID tagging: Yes Local VLAN capable: No Traffic classes: Enabled Global GVRP status: Disabled GMRP: Disabled Console#

Setting the Switch’s IP Address

This section describes how to configure an IP interface for management access over the network. The IP address for this switch is obtained via DHCP by default. To manually configure an address, you need to change the switch’s default settings (IP address 0.0.0.0 and netmask 255.0.0.0) to values that are compatible with your network. You may also need to a establish a default gateway between the switch and management stations that exist on another network segment.

You can manually configure a specific IP address, or direct the device to obtain an address from a BOOTP or DHCP server. Valid IP addresses consist of four decimal numbers, 0 to 255, separated by periods. Anything outside this format will not be accepted by the CLI program.

Command Attributes

• Management VLAN – ID of the configured VLAN (1-4094, no leading zeroes). By

default, all ports on the switch are members of VLAN 1. However, the management station can be attached to a port belonging to any VLAN, as long as that VLAN has been assigned an IP address.

• IP Address Mode – Specifies whether IP functionality is enabled via manual configuration (Static), Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), or Boot Protocol (BOOTP). If DHCP/BOOTP is enabled, IP will not function until a reply has been received from the server. Requests will be broadcast periodically by the switch for an IP address. (DHCP/BOOTP values can include the IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway.)

• IP Address – Address of the VLAN interface that is allowed management access. Valid IP addresses consist of four numbers, 0 to 255, separated by periods. (Default: 0.0.0.0)

• Subnet Mask – This mask identifies the host address bits used for routing to specific subnets. (Default: 255.0.0.0)

• Gateway IP address – IP address of the gateway router between this device and management stations that exist on other network segments. (Default: 0.0.0.0)

• MAC Address – The physical layer address for this switch.

• Restart DHCP – Requests a new IP address from the DHCP server.

3-14

Basic Configuration

Manual Configuration

Web – Click System, IP Configuration. Select the VLAN through which the management station is attached, set the IP Address Mode to “Static,” enter the IP address, subnet mask and gateway, then click Apply.

Figure 3-6 Manual IP Configuration

CLI – Specify the management interface, IP address and default gateway.

Console#config Console(config)#interface vlan 1 4-131 Console(config-if)#ip address 10.1.0.254 255.255.255.0 4-244 Console(config-if)#exit Console(config)#ip default-gateway 192.168.1.254 4-245 Console(config)#

3-15

Configuring the Switch

Using DHCP/BOOTP

If your network provides DHCP/BOOTP services, you can configure the switch to be dynamically configured by these services.

Web – Click System, IP Configuration. Specify the VLAN to which the management station is attached, set the IP Address Mode to DHCP or BOOTP. Click Apply to save your changes. Then click Restart DHCP to immediately request a new address. Note that the switch will also broadcast a request for IP configuration settings on each power reset.

Figure 3-7 IP Configuration using DHCP

Note: If you lose your management connection, use a console connection and enter

“show ip interface” to determine the new switch address.

CLI – Specify the management interface, and set the IP address mode to DHCP or BOOTP, and then enter the “ip dhcp restart” command.

Console#config Console(config)#interface vlan 1 4-131 Console(config-if)#ip address dhcp 4-244 Console(config-if)#end Console#ip dhcp restart 4-246 Console#show ip interface 4-246 IP address and netmask: 192.168.1.54 255.255.255.0 on VLAN 1, and address mode: dhcp Console#

Renewing DCHP – DHCP may lease addresses to clients indefinitely or for a specific period of time. If the address expires or the switch is moved to another network segment, you will lose management access to the switch. In this case, you can reboot the switch or submit a client request to restart DHCP service via the CLI.

3-16

Basic Configuration

Web – If the address assigned by DHCP is no longer functioning, you will not be able to renew the IP settings via the web interface. You can only restart DHCP service via the web interface if the current address is still available.

CLI – Enter the following command to restart DHCP service.

Console#ip dhcp restart 4-246 Console#

DHCP Relay and Option 82 Information

The switch supports DHCP relay service for attached host devices. If a subnet does not include a DHCP server, you can relay DHCP client requests to a DHCP server on another subnet.

When DHCP relay is enabled and the switch sees a DHCP request broadcast, it inserts its own IP address into the request (so that the DHCP server knows the subnet of the client), then forwards the packet to the DHCP server. When the server receives the DHCP request, it allocates a free IP address for the DHCP client from its defined scope for the DHCP client’s subnet, and sends a DHCP response back to the switch. The switch then broadcasts the DHCP response to the client.

DHCP also provides a mechanism for sending information about the switch and its DHCP clients to the DHCP server. Known as DHCP Option 82, it allows compatible DHCP servers to use the information when assigning IP addresses, or to set other services or policies for clients.

Using DHCP Relay Option 82, clients can be identified by the VLAN and switch port to which they are connected rather than just their MAC address. DHCP client-server exchange messages are then forwarded directly between the server and client without having to flood them to the entire VLAN.

In some cases, the switch may receive DHCP packets from a client that already includes DHCP Option 82 information. The switch can be configured to set the action policy for these packets. Either the switch can discard the Option 82 information, keep the existing information, or replace it with the switch’s relay information.

Command Usage

You must specify the IP address of at least one DHCP server. Otherwise, the switch’s DHCP relay agent will not operate and all DHCP request and reply packets will be flooded to the entire VLAN.

Command Attributes

• DHCP Relay Option 82 – Enables the DHCP relay agant with Option 82 support.

• DHCP Relay Option 82 Policy – Sets the DHCP relay policy for DHCP client

packets that include Option 82 information. (Default: Drop)

• Replace – Overwrites the DHCP client packet information with the switch’s relay information.

• Keep – Retains the client’s DHCP information.

3-17

Configuring the Switch

• Drop – Discards the Option 82 information in a packet and then floods it to the entire VLAN.

• DHCP Relay Server – IP addresses of DHCP servers to be used by the switch’s DHCP relay agent in order of preference. Up to five servers can be specified.

Web – Click System, IP Configuration. Enable the DHCP Relay Option 82 function, set the Option 82 policy, and specify at least one DHCP server IP address. Click Apply.

Figure 3-8 DHCP Relay Option 82 Configuration

CLI – This example enables DHCP relay with Option 82, and sets the policy as replace.

Console(config)#ip dhcp relay server 192.168.1.9 192.168.1.54 Console(config)#ip dhcp relay information option 4-241 Console(config)#ip dhcp relay information policy replace 4-242 Console(config)#exit Console#show ip dhcp-relay Status of DHCP relay option82: Insertion of option82 is Enabled. DHCP option policy :replace. DHCP relay-server address 192.168.1.9 192.168.1.54 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0

0.0.0.0 Console#

3-18

Basic Configuration

Managing Firmware

You can upload/download firmware to or from a TFTP server. By saving runtime code to a file on a TFTP server, that file can later be downloaded to the switch to restore operation. You can also set the switch to use new firmware without overwriting the previous version. You must specify the method of file transfer, along with the file type and file names as required.

Command Attributes

• File Transfer Method – The firmware copy operation includes these options:

- file to file – Copies a file within the switch directory, assigning it a new name.

- file to tftp – Copies a file from the switch to a TFTP server.

- tftp to file – Copies a file from a TFTP server to the switch.

- file to unit

- unit to file

• TFTP Server IP Address – The IP address of a TFTP server.

• File Type – Specify opcode (operational code) to copy firmware.

• File Name –

the file name should not be a period (.), and the maximum length for file names on the TFTP server is 127 characters or 31 characters for files on the switch. (Valid characters: A-Z, a-z, 0-9, “.”, “-”, “_”)

Note:

– Copies a file from this switch to another unit in the stack.

– Copies a file from another unit in the stack to this switch.

The file name should not contain slashes (\ or /),

Up to two copies of the system software (i.e., the runtime firmware) can be stored in the file directory on the switch. The currently designated startup version of this file cannot be deleted.

the leading letter of

1. These operations are not supported for this switch.

3-19

Configuring the Switch

Downloading System Software from a Server

When downloading runtime code, you can specify the destination file name to replace the current image, or first download the file using a different name from the current runtime code file, and then set the new file as the startup file.

Web –Click System, File Management, Copy Operation. Select “tftp to file” as the file transfer method, enter the IP address of the TFTP server, set the file type to “opcode,” enter the file name of the software to download, select a file on the switch to overwrite or specify a new file name, then click Apply. If you replaced the current firmware used for startup and want to start using the new operation code, reboot the system via the System/Reset menu.

Figure 3-9 Operation Code Image File Transfer

If you download to a new destination file, go to the System/File/Set Start-Up menu, mark the operation code file used at startup, and click Apply. To start the new firmware, reboot the system via the System/Reset menu.

Figure 3-10 Select Start-Up Operation File

3-20

Basic Configuration

To delete a file select System, File, Delete. Select the file name from the given list by checking the tick box and click Apply. Note that t

startup code cannot be deleted.

Figure 3-11 Deleting Files

he file currently designated as the

CLI – To download new firmware form a TFTP server, enter the IP address of the TFTP server, select “opcode” as the file type, then enter the source and destination file names. When the file has finished downloading, set the new file to start up the system, and then restart the switch.

To start the new firmware, enter the “reload” command or reboot the system.

Console#copy tftp file 4-70 TFTP server ip address: 192.168.1.23 Choose file type:

1. config: 2. opcode: <1-2>: 2 Source file name: V2262.bix Destination file name: ES3552XA_Opcpde_V2262.bix \Write to FLASH Programming.

-Write to FLASH finish. Success. Console#config Console(config)#boot system opcode:ES3552XA_Opcpde_V2262.bix 4-75 Console(config)#exit Console#reload 4-23

3-21

Configuring the Switch

Saving or Restoring Configuration Settings

You can upload/download configuration settings to/from a TFTP server. The configuration files can be later downloaded to restore the switch’s settings.

Command Attributes

• File Transfer Method – The configuration copy operation includes these options:

- file to file – Copies a file within the switch directory, assigning it a new name.

- file to running-config – Copies a file in the switch to the running configuration.

- file to startup-config – Copies a file in the switch to the startup configuration.

- file to tftp – Copies a file from the switch to a TFTP server.

- running-config to file – Copies the running configuration to a file.

- running-config to startup-config – Copies the running config to the startup config.

- running-config to tftp – Copies the running configuration to a TFTP server.

- startup-config to file – Copies the startup configuration to a file on the switch.

- startup-config to running-config – Copies the startup config to the running config.

- startup-config to tftp – Copies the startup configuration to a TFTP server.

- tftp to file – Copies a file from a TFTP server to the switch.

- tftp to running-config – Copies a file from a TFTP server to the running config.

- tftp to startup-config – Copies a file from a TFTP server to the startup config.

- file to unit

- unit to file

• TFTP Server IP Address – The IP address of a TFTP server.

• File Type – Specify config (configuration) to copy configuration settings.

•

File Name

Note:

– Copies a file from this switch to another unit in the stack.

– Copies a file from another unit in the stack to this switch.

— The file name should not contain slashes (\ or /),

The maximum number of user-defined configuration files is limited only by available flash memory space.

the leading letter of

2. These operations are not supported for this switch.

3-22

Basic Configuration

Downloading Configuration Settings from a Server

You can download the configuration file under a new file name and then set it as the startup file, or you can specify the current startup configuration file as the destination file to directly replace it. Note that the file “Factory_Default_Config.cfg” can be copied to the TFTP server, but cannot be used as the destination on the switch.

Web – Click System, File, Copy. Select “tftp to startup-config” or “tftp to file” and enter the IP address of the TFTP server. Specify the name of the file to download and select a file on the switch to overwrite or specify a new file name, then click Apply.

Figure 3-12 Copy Configuration Settings

If you download to a new file name using “tftp to startup-config” or “tftp to file,” the file is automatically set as the start-up configuration file. To use the new settings, reboot the system via the System/Reset menu.

Note that you can also select any configuration file as the start-up configuration by using the System/File/Set Start-Up page.

Figure 3-13 Setting the Startup Configuration Settings

3-23

Configuring the Switch

CLI – Enter the IP address of the TFTP server, specify the source file on the server, set the startup file name on the switch, and then restart the switch.

Console#copy tftp startup-config 4-70 TFTP server ip address: 192.168.1.19 Source configuration file name: config-1 Startup configuration file name [] : startup \Write to FLASH Programming.

-Write to FLASH finish. Success.

Console#reload

To select another configuration file as the start-up configuration, use the boot system command and then restart the switch.

Console#config Console(config)#boot system config: startup-new 4-75 Console(config)#exit Console#reload 4-23

Console Port Settings

You can access the onboard configuration program by attaching a VT100 compatible device to the switch’s serial console port. Management access through the console port is controlled by various parameters, including a password, timeouts, and basic communication settings. These parameters can be configured via the Web or CLI interface.

Command Attributes

• Login Timeout – Sets the interval that the system waits for a user to log into the CLI. If a login attempt is not detected within the timeout interval, the connection is terminated for the session. (Range: 0-300 seconds; Default: 0)

• Exec Timeout – Sets the interval that the system waits until user input is detected. If user input is not detected within the timeout interval, the current session is terminated. (Range: 0-65535 seconds; Default: 0 seconds)

• Password Threshold – Sets the password intrusion threshold, which limits the number of failed logon attempts. When the logon attempt threshold is reached, the system interface becomes silent for a specified amount of time (set by the Silent Time parameter) before allowing the next logon attempt. (Range: 0-120; Default: 3 attempts)

• Silent Time – Sets the amount of time the management console is inaccessible after the number of unsuccessful logon attempts has been exceeded. (Range: 0-65535; Default: 0)

• Data Bits – Sets the number of data bits per character that are interpreted and generated by the console port. If parity is being generated, specify 7 data bits per character. If no parity is required, specify 8 data bits per character. (Default: 8 bits)

• Parity – Defines the generation of a parity bit. Communication protocols provided by some terminals can require a specific parity bit setting. Specify Even, Odd, or None. (Default: None)

3-24

Basic Configuration

• Speed – Sets the terminal line’s baud rate for transmit (to terminal) and receive

(from terminal). Set the speed to match the baud rate of the device connected to the serial port. (Range: 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, or 115200 baud, Auto; Default: 9600 bps)

• Stop Bits – Sets the number of the stop bits transmitted per byte.

(Range: 1-2; Default: 1 stop bit)

• Password

started on a line with password protection, the system prompts for the password. If you enter the correct password, the system shows a prompt. (Default: No password)

• Login

single global password as configured for the Password parameter, or by passwords set up for specific user-name accounts. (Default: Local)

Web – Click System, Line, Console. Specify the console port connection parameters as required, then click Apply.

– Specifies a password for the line connection. When a connection is

– Enables password checking at login. You can select authentication by a

3. CLI only.

Figure 3-14 Console Port Settings

3-25

Configuring the Switch

CLI – Enter Line Configuration mode for the console, then specify the connection parameters as required. To display the current console port settings, use the show line command from the Normal Exec level.

Console(config)#line console 4-11 Console(config-line)#login local 4-12 Console(config-line)#password 0 secret 4-13 Console(config-line)#timeout login response 0 4-14 Console(config-line)#exec-timeout 0 4-14 Console(config-line)#password-thresh 3 4-15 Console(config-line)#silent-time 60 4-16 Console(config-line)#databits 8 4-16 Console(config-line)#parity none 4-17 Console(config-line)#speed 115200 4-18 Console(config-line)#stopbits 1 4-18 Console(config-line)#end Console#show line 4-19 Console configuration: Password threshold: 3 times Interactive timeout: Disabled Login timeout: Disabled Silent time: 60 Baudrate: 115200 Databits: 8 Parity: none Stopbits: 1

VTY configuration: Password threshold: 3 times Interactive timeout: 600 sec Login timeout: 300 sec Console#

Telnet Settings

You can access the onboard configuration program over the network using Telnet (i.e., a virtual terminal). Management access via Telnet can be enabled/disabled and other various parameters set, including the TCP port number, timeouts, and a password. These parameters can be configured via the Web or CLI interface.

Command Attributes

• Telnet Status – Enables or disables Telnet access to the switch.

(Default: Enabled)

• Telnet Port Number – Sets the TCP port number for Telnet on the switch. (Default: 23)

3-26

Basic Configuration

• Password Threshold – Sets the password intrusion threshold, which limits the

number of failed logon attempts. When the logon attempt threshold is reached, the system interface becomes silent for a specified amount of time (set by the Silent Time parameter) before allowing the next logon attempt. (Range: 0-120; Default: 3 attempts)

• Password

started on a line with password protection, the system prompts for the password. If you enter the correct password, the system shows a prompt. (Default: No password)

• Login

single global password as configured for the Password parameter, or by passwords set up for specific user-name accounts. (Default: Local)

Web – Click System, Line, Telnet. Specify the connection parameters for Telnet access, then click Apply.

– Specifies a password for the line connection. When a connection is

– Enables password checking at login. You can select authentication by a

4. CLI only.

Figure 3-15 Enabling Telnet

3-27

Configuring the Switch

CLI – Enter Line Configuration mode for a virtual terminal, then specify the connection parameters as required. To display the current virtual terminal settings, use the show line command from the Normal Exec level.

Console(config)#line vty 4-11 Console(config-line)#login local 4-12 Console(config-line)#password 0 secret 4-13 Console(config-line)#timeout login response 300 4-14 Console(config-line)#exec-timeout 600 4-14 Console(config-line)#password-thresh 3 4-15 Console(config-line)#end Console#show line 4-19 Console configuration: Password threshold: 3 times Interactive timeout: Disabled Login timeout: Disabled Silent time: Disabled Baudrate: 9600 Databits: 8 Parity: none Stopbits: 1

VTY configuration: Password threshold: 3 times Interactive timeout: 600 sec Login timeout: 300 sec Console#

Configuring Event Logging

The switch allows you to control the logging of error messages, including the type of events that are recorded in switch memory, logging to a remote System Log (syslog) server, and displays a list of recent event messages.

System Log Configuration

The system allows you to enable or disable event logging, and specify which levels are logged to RAM or flash memory.

Severe error messages that are logged to flash memory are permanently stored in the switch to assist in troubleshooting network problems. Up to 4096 log entries can be stored in the flash memory, with the oldest entries being overwritten first when the available log memory (256 kilobytes) has been exceeded.

The System Logs page allows you to configure and limit system messages that are logged to flash or RAM memory. The default is for event levels 0 to 3 to be logged to flash and levels 0 to 6 to be logged to RAM.

Command Attributes

• System Log Status – Enables/disables the logging of debug or error messages to the logging process. (Default: Enabled)

• Flash Level – Limits log messages saved to the switch’s permanent flash memory for all levels up to the specified level. For example, if level 3 is specified, all messages from level 0 to level 3 will be logged to flash. (Range: 0-7, Default: 3)

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Basic Configuration

Table 3-3 Logging Levels

Level Severity Name Description

7 Debug Debugging messages

6 Informational Informational messages only

5 Notice Normal but significant condition, such as cold start

4 Warning Warning conditions (e.g., return false, unexpected return)

3 Error Error conditions (e.g., invalid input, default used)

2 Critical Critical conditions (e.g., memory allocation, or free memory

error - resource exhausted)

1 Alert Immediate action needed

0 Emergency System unusable

* There are only Level 2, 5 and 6 error messages for the current firmware release.

• RAM Level – Limits log messages saved to the switch’s temporary RAM memory

for all levels up to the specified level. For example, if level 7 is specified, all messages from level 0 to level 7 will be logged to RAM. (Range: 0-7, Default: 6)

The Flash Level must be equal to or less than the RAM Level.

Note:

Web – Click System, Log, System Logs. Specify System Log Status, then

change

the level of messages to be logged to RAM and flash memory, then click Apply.

Figure 3-16 System Logs

CLI – Enable system logging and then specify the level of messages to be logged to RAM and flash memory. Use the show logging command to display the current settings.

Console(config)#logging on 4-44 Console(config)#logging history ram 0 4-45 Console(config)#end Console#show logging flash 4-48 Syslog logging: Enabled History logging in FLASH: level emergencies Console#

3-29

Configuring the Switch

Remote Log Configuration

The Remote Logs page allows you to configure the logging of messages that are sent to syslog servers or other management stations. You can also limit the error messages sent to only those messages below a specified level.

Command Attributes

• Remote Log Status – Enables/disables the logging of debug or error messages to the remote logging process. (Default: Enabled)

• Logging Facility – Sets the facility type for remote logging of syslog messages. There are eight facility types specified by values of 16 to 23. The facility type is used by the syslog server to dispatch log messages to an appropriate service.

The attribute specifies the facility type tag sent in syslog messages. (See RFC

3164.) This type has no effect on the kind of messages reported by the switch. However, it may be used by the syslog server to process messages, such as sorting or storing messages in the corresponding database. (Range: 16-23, Default: 23)

• Logging Trap – Limits log messages that are sent to the remote syslog server for all levels up to the specified level. For example, if level 3 is specified, all messages from level 0 to level 3 will be sent to the remote server. (Range: 0-7, Default: 6)

• Host IP List – Displays the list of remote server IP addresses that receive the syslog messages. The maximum number of host IP addresses allowed is five.

• Host IP Address – Specifies a new server IP address to add to the Host IP List.

Web – Click System, Log, Remote Logs. To add an IP address to the Host IP List, type the new IP address in the Host IP Address box, and then click Add. To delete an IP address, click the entry in the Host IP List, and then click Remove.

3-30

Figure 3-17 Remote Logs

Basic Configuration

CLI – Enter the syslog server host IP address, choose the facility type and set the logging trap.

Console(config)#logging host 192.168.1.15 4-46 Console(config)#logging facility 23 4-46 Console(config)#logging trap 4 4-47 Console(config)#end Console#show logging trap 4-47 Syslog logging: Enabled REMOTELOG status: Enabled REMOTELOG facility type: local use 7 REMOTELOG level type: Warning conditions REMOTELOG server ip address: 192.168.1.15 REMOTELOG server ip address: 0.0.0.0 REMOTELOG server ip address: 0.0.0.0 REMOTELOG server ip address: 0.0.0.0 REMOTELOG server ip address: 0.0.0.0 Console#

Displaying Log Messages

The Logs page allows you to scroll through the logged system and event messages. The switch can store up to 2048 log entries in temporary random access memory (RAM; i.e., memory flushed on power reset) and up to 4096 entries in permanent flash memory.

Web – Click System, Log, Logs.

Figure 3-18 Displaying Logs

CLI – This example shows the event message stored in RAM.

Console#show log ram 4-48 [1] 00:01:37 2001-01-01 "DHCP request failed - will retry later." level: 4, module: 9, function: 0, and event no.: 10 [0] 00:00:35 2001-01-01 "System coldStart notification." level: 6, module: 6, function: 1, and event no.: 1 Console#

3-31

Configuring the Switch

Sending Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Alerts

To alert system administrators of problems, the switch can use SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) to send email messages when triggered by logging events of a specified level. The messages are sent to specified SMTP servers on the network and can be retrieved using POP or IMAP clients.

Command Attributes

• Admin Status – Enables/disables the SMTP function. (Default: Enabled)

• Email Source Address – Sets the email address used for the “From” field in alert messages. You may use a symbolic email address that identifies the switch, or the address of an administrator responsible for the switch.

• Severity – Sets the syslog severity threshold level (see table on page 3-29) used to trigger alert messages. All events at this level or higher will be sent to the configured email recipients. For example, using Level 7 will report all events from level 7 to level 0. (Default: Level 7)

• SMTP Server List – Specifies a list of up to three recipient SMTP servers. The switch attempts to connect to the other listed servers if the first fails. Use the New SMTP Server text field and the Add/Remove buttons to configure the list.

• Email Destination Address List – Specifies the email recipients of alert messages. You can specify up to five recipients. Use the New Email Destination Address text field and the Add/Remove buttons to configure the list.

3-32

Basic Configuration

Web – Click System, Log, SMTP. Enable SMTP, specify a source email address, and select the minimum severity level. To add an IP address to the SMTP Server List, type the new IP address in the SMTP Server field and click Add. To delete an IP address, click the entry in the SMTP Server List and click Remove. Specify up to five email addresses to receive the alert messages, and click Apply.

Figure 3-19 Enabling and Configuring SMTP Alerts

3-33

Configuring the Switch

CLI – Enter the IP address of at least one SMTP server, set the syslog severity level to trigger an email message, and specify the switch (source) and up to five recipient (destination) email addresses. Enable SMTP with the logging sendmail command to complete the configuration. Use the show logging sendmail command to display the current SMTP configuration.

Console(config)#logging sendmail host 192.168.1.200 4-50 Console(config)#logging sendmail level 4 4-51 Console(config)#logging sendmail source-email john@acme.com 4-52 Console(config)##logging sendmail destination-email geoff@acme.com 4-52 Console(config)#logging sendmail 4-53 Console(config)#exit Console#show logging sendmail 4-53 SMTP servers

-----------------------------------------------

1. 192.168.1.200

SMTP minimum severity level: 4

SMTP destination email addresses

-----------------------------------------------

1. geoff@acme.com

SMTP source email address: john@acme.com

SMTP status: Enabled Console#

Resetting the System

Web – Click System, Reset to reboot the switch. When prompted, confirm that you want reset the switch.

Figure 3-20 Resetting the System

CLI – Use the reload command to restart the switch. When prompted, confirm that you want to reset the switch.

Console#reload 4-23 System will be restarted, continue <y/n>? y

Note:

When restarting the system, it will always run the Power-On Self-Test.

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Basic Configuration

Setting the System Clock

Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) allows the switch to set its internal clock based on periodic updates from a Network Time Protocol (NTP) server. Maintaining an accurate time on the switch enables the system log to record meaningful dates and times for event entries. You can also manually set the clock using the CLI. (See “calendar set” on page 4-62.) If the clock is not set, the switch will only record the time from the factory default set at the last bootup.

When the SNTP client is enabled, the switch periodically sends a request for a time update to a configured time server. You can configure up to three time server IP addresses. The switch will attempt to poll each server in the configured sequence.

For more robust, secure time updates from trusted servers, the NTP client can be enabled instead of the SNTP client. Using the NTP client provides more reliable time updates, since the updates are collected from many NTP servers, then filtered and selected using an algorithm that determines the most accurate time. The NTP client also uses authentication and encryption to ensure that updates are received from authorized servers only.

The SNTP and NTP client cannot be enabled at the same time.

Note:

Configuring SNTP

You can configure the switch to send time synchronization requests to time servers.

Command Attributes

• SNTP Client – Configures the switch to operate as an SNTP client. This requires

at least one time server to be specified in the SNTP Server field. (Default: Disabled)

• SNTP Poll Interval – Sets the interval between sending requests for a time update

from a time server. (Range: 16-16384 seconds; Default: 16 seconds)

• SNTP Server – Sets the IP address for up to three time servers. The switch

attempts to update the time from the first server, if this fails it attempts an update from the next server in the sequence.

Web – Select NTP/SNTP, Configuration. Modify any of the required parameters, and click Apply.

Figure 3-21 SNTP Configuration

3-35

Configuring the Switch

CLI – This example configures the switch to operate as an SNTP unicast client and then displays the current time and settings.

Console(config)#sntp server 10.1.0.19 137.82.140.80 128.250.36.2 4-55 Console(config)#sntp poll 60 4-56 Console(config)#sntp client 4-54 Console(config)#exit Console#show sntp Current time: Jan 6 14:56:05 2004 Poll interval: 60 Current mode: unicast SNTP status : Enabled SNTP server 10.1.0.19 137.82.140.80 128.250.36.2 Current server: 128.250.36.2 Console#

Configuring NTP

The NTP client allows you to configure up to 50 NTP servers to poll for time updates. You can also enable authentication to ensure that reliable updates are received from only authorized NTP servers. The authentication keys and their associated key number must be centrally managed and manually distributed to NTP servers and clients. The key numbers and key values must match on both the server and client.

Command Attributes

• NTP Client – Configures the switch to operate as an NTP client. This requires at least one time server to be specified in the NTP Server list. (Default: Disabled)

• NTP Polling Interval – Sets the interval between sending requests for a time update from NTP servers. (Range: 16-16384 seconds; Default: 16 seconds)

• NTP Authenticate – Enables authentication for time requests and updates between the switch and NTP servers. (Default: Disabled)

• NTP Server – Sets the IP address for an NTP server to be polled. The switch requests an update from all configured servers, then determines the most accurate time update from the responses received.

• Version – Specifies the NTP version supported by the server. (Range: 1-3; Default: 3)

• Authenticate Key – Specifies the number of the key in the NTP Authentication Key List to use for authentication with the configured server. The authentication key must match the key configured on the NTP server.

• Key Number – A number that specifies a key value in the NTP Authentication Key List. Up to 255 keys can be configured in the NTP Authentication Key List. Note that key numbers and values must match on both the server and client. (Range: 1-65535)

• Key Context – Specifies an MD5 authentication key string. The key string can be up to 32 case-sensitive printable ASCII characters (no spaces).

Web – Select NTP/SNTP, Configuration. Modify any of the required parameters, and click Apply.

3-36

Basic Configuration

Figure 3-22 NTP Client Configuration

CLI – This example configures the switch to operate as an NTP client and then displays the current settings.

Console(config)#ntp authentication-key 19 md5 thisiskey19 4-59 Console(config)#ntp authentication-key 30 md5 ntpkey30 Console(config)#ntp server 192.168.3.20 4-57 Console(config)#ntp server 192.168.3.21 Console(config)#ntp server 192.168.4.22 version 2 Console(config)#ntp server 192.168.5.23 version 3 key 19 Console(config)#ntp poll 60 4-58 Console(config)#ntp client 4-57 Console(config)#ntp authenticate 4-59 Console(config)#exit Console#show ntp 4-60 Current time: Jan 1 02:58:58 2001 Poll interval: 60 Current mode: unicast NTP status : Enabled NTP Authenticate status : Enabled Last Update NTP Server: 0.0.0.0 Port: 0 Last Update time: Dec 31 00:00:00 2000 UTC NTP Server 192.168.3.20 version 3 NTP Server 192.168.3.21 version 3 NTP Server 192.168.4.22 version 2 NTP Server 192.168.5.23 version 3 key 19 NTP Authentication-Key 19 md5 Q33O16Q6338241J022S29Q731K7 7 NTP Authentication-Key 30 md5 D2V8777I51K1132K3552L26R6141O4 7 Console#

3-37

Configuring the Switch

Setting the Time Zone

SNTP uses Coordinated Universal Time (or UTC, formerly Greenwich Mean Time, or GMT) based on the time at the Earth’s prime meridian, zero degrees longitude. To display a time corresponding to your local time, you must indicate the number of hours and minutes your time zone is east (before) or west (after) of UTC.

Command Attributes

• Current Time – Displays the current time.

• Name – Assigns a name to the time zone. (Range: 1-29 characters)

• Hours (0-12) – The number of hours before/after UTC.

• Minutes (0-59) – The number of minutes before/after UTC.

• Direction – Configures the time zone to be before (east) or after (west) UTC.

Web – Select SNTP, Clock Time Zone. Set the offset for your time zone relative to the UTC, and click Apply.

Figure 3-23 Setting the System Clock

CLI - This example shows how to set the time zone for the system clock.

Console(config)#clock timezone Taiwan hours 6 minute 0 after-UTC 4-61 Console(config)#

Simple Network Management Protocol

SNMP is a communication protocol designed specifically for managing devices on a network. Equipment commonly managed with SNMP includes switches, routers and host computers. SNMP is typically used to configure these devices for proper operation in a network environment, as well as to monitor them to evaluate performance or detect potential problems.

Managed devices supporting SNMP contain software, which runs locally on the device and is referred to as an agent. A defined set of variables, known as managed objects, is maintained by the SNMP agent and used to manage the device. These objects are defined in a Management Information Base (MIB) that provides a standard presentation of the information controlled by the agent. SNMP defines both

3-38

Simple Network Management Protocol

the format of the MIB specifications and the protocol used to access this information over the network.

The switch includes an onboard agent that supports SNMP versions 1, 2c, and 3. This agent continuously monitors the status of the switch hardware, as well as the traffic passing through its ports. A network management station can access this information using software such as HP OpenView. Access to the onboard agent from clients using SNMP v1 and v2c is controlled by community strings. To communicate with the switch, the management station must first submit a valid community string for authentication.

Access to the switch using from clients using SNMPv3 provides additional security features that cover message integrity, authentication, and encryption; as well as controlling user access to specific areas of the MIB tree.

The SNMPv3 security structure consists of security models, with each model having it’s own security levels. There are three security models defined, SNMPv1, SNMPv2c, and SNMPv3. Users are assigned to “groups” that are defined by a security model and specified security levels. Each group also has a defined security access to set of MIB objects for reading and writing, which are known as “views.” The switch has a default view (all MIB objects) and default groups defined for security models v1 and v2c. The following table shows the security models and levels available and the system default settings.

Table 3-4 SNMPv3 Security Models and Levels

Model Level Group Read View Write View Notify View Security

v1 noAuthNoPriv public

(read only)

v1 noAuthNoPriv private

(read/write)

v1 noAuthNoPriv user defined user defined user defined user defined Community string only

v2c noAuthNoPriv public

(read only)

v2c noAuthNoPriv private

(read/write)

v2c noAuthNoPriv user defined user defined user defined user defined Community string only

v3 noAuthNoPriv user defined user defined user defined user defined A user name match only

v3 AuthNoPriv user defined user defined user defined user defined Provides user

v3 AuthPriv user defined user defined user defined user defined Provides user

defaultview none none Community string only

defaultview defaultview none Community string only

defaultview none none Community string only

defaultview defaultview none Community string only

authentication via MD5 or SHA algorithms

authentication via MD5 or SHA algorithms and data privacy using DES 56-bit encryption

Note:

The predefined default groups and view can be deleted from the system. You can then define customized groups and views for the SNMP clients that require access.

3-39

Configuring the Switch

Enabling the SNMP Agent

Enables SNMPv3 service for all management clients (i.e., versions 1, 2c, 3).

Command Attributes

SNMP Agent Status – Enables SNMP on the switch.

Web – Click SNMP, Agent Status. Enable the SNMP Agent by marking the Enabled

checkbox, and click Apply.

Figure 3-24 Enabling the SNMP Agent

CLI – The following example enables SNMP on the switch.

Console(config)#snmp-server 4-117 Console(config)#

Setting Community Access Strings

You may configure up to five community strings authorized for management access by clients using SNMP v1 and v2c. All community strings used for IP Trap Managers should be listed in this table. For security reasons, you should consider removing the default strings.

Command Attributes

• SNMP Community Capability – The switch supports up to five community strings.

• Current – Displays a list of the community strings currently configured.

• Community String – A community string that acts like a password and permits access to the SNMP protocol.

Default strings: “public” (read-only access), “private” (read/write access) Range: 1-32 characters, case sensitive

• Access Mode – Specifies the access rights for the community string:

- Read-Only – Authorized management stations are only able to retrieve MIB

objects.

- Read/Write – Authorized management stations are able to both retrieve and

modify MIB objects.

3-40

Specifying Trap Managers and Trap Types

Web – Click SNMP, Configuration. Add new community strings as required, select the access rights from the Access Mode drop-down list, then click Add.

Figure 3-25 Configuring SNMP Community Strings

CLI – The following example adds the string “spiderman” with read/write access.

Console(config)#snmp-server community spiderman rw 4-118 Console(config)#

Specifying Trap Managers and Trap Types

Traps indicating status changes are issued by the switch to specified trap managers. You must specify trap managers so that key events are reported by this switch to your management station (using network management platforms such as HP OpenView). You can specify up to five management stations that will receive authentication failure messages and other trap messages from the switch.

Command Usage

• If you specify an SNMP Version 3 host, then the “Trap Manager Community String”

is interpreted as an SNMP user name. If you use V3 authentication or encryption options (authNoPriv or authPriv), the user name must first be defined in the SNMPv3 Users page (page 3-45). Otherwise, the authentication password and/or privacy password will not exist, and the switch will not authorize SNMP access for the host. However, if you specify a V3 host with the no authentication (noAuth) option, an SNMP user account will be automatically generated, and the switch will authorize SNMP access for the host.

• Notifications are issued by the switch as trap messages by default. The recipient

of a trap message does not send a response to the switch. Traps are therefore not as reliable as inform messages, which include a request for acknowledgement of receipt. Informs can be used to ensure that critical information is received by the host. However, note that informs consume more system resources because they must be kept in memory until a response is received. Informs also add to network traffic. You should consider these effects when deciding whether to issue notifications as traps or informs.

3-41

Configuring the Switch

To send an inform to a SNMPv2c host, complete these steps:

1.Enable the SNMP agent (page 3-54).

2.Enable trap informs as described in the following pages.

3.Create a view with the required notification messages (page 3-53).

4.Create a group that includes the required notify view (page 3-49).

To send an inform to a SNMPv3 host, complete these steps:

1.Enable the SNMP agent (page 3-54).

2.Enable trap informs as described in the following pages.

3.Create a view with the required notification messages (page 3-53).

4.Create a group that includes the required notify view (page 3-49).

5.Specify a remote engine ID where the user resides (page 3-44).

6.Then configure a remote user (page 3-47).

Command Attributes

• Trap Manager Capability – This switch supports up to five trap managers.

• Current – Displays a list of the trap managers currently configured.

• Trap Manager IP Address – IP address of a new management station to receive notification messages.

• Trap Manager Community String – Specifies a valid community string for the new trap manager entry. Though you can set this string in the Trap Managers table, we recommend that you define this string in the SNMP Configuration page (for Version 1 or 2c clients), or define a corresponding “User Name” in the SNMPv3 Users page (for Version 3 clients). (Range: 1-32 characters, case sensitive)

• Trap UDP Port – Specifies the UDP port number used by the trap manager.

• Trap Version – Indicates if the user is running SNMP v1, v2c, or v3. (Default: v1)

• Trap Security Level – When trap version 3 is selected, you must specify one of the following security levels. (Default: noAuthNoPriv)

- noAuthNoPriv – There is no authentication or encryption used in SNMP

communications.

- AuthNoPriv – SNMP communications use authentication, but the data is not

encrypted (only available for the SNMPv3 security model).

- AuthPriv – SNMP communications use both authentication and encryption (only

available for the SNMPv3 security model).

• Trap Inform – Notifications are sent as inform messages. Note that this option is only available for version 2c and 3 hosts. (Default: traps are used)

- Timeout – The number of seconds to wait for an acknowledgment before

resending an inform message. (Range: 0-2147483647 centiseconds; Default: 1500 centiseconds)

- Retry times – The maximum number of times to resend an inform message if

the recipient does not acknowledge receipt. (Range: 0-255; Default: 3)

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Configuring SNMPv3 Management Access

• Enable Authentication Traps5 – Issues a notification message to specified IP

trap managers whenever authentication of an SNMP request fails. (Default: Enabled)

• Enable Link-up and Link-down Traps – Issues a notification message whenever

a port link is established or broken. (Default: Enabled)

Web – Click SNMP, Configuration. Enter the IP address and community string for each management station that will receive trap messages, specify the UDP port, SNMP trap version, trap security level (for v3 clients), trap inform settings (for v2c/v3 clients), and then click Add. Select the trap types required using the check boxes for Authentication and Link-up/down traps, and then click Apply.

Figure 3-26 Configuring SNMP Trap Managers

CLI – This example adds a trap manager and enables authentication traps.

Console(config)#snmp-server host 10.1.19.23 private version 2c

udp-port 162 4-120

Console(config)#snmp-server enable traps authentication 4-122

Configuring SNMPv3 Management Access

To configure SNMPv3 management access to the switch, follow these steps:

1. If you want to change the default engine ID, do so before configuring other

SNMP parameters.

2. Specify read and write access views for the switch MIB tree.

3. Configure SNMP user groups with the required security model (i.e., SNMP v1,

5. These are legacy notifications and therefore when used for SNMP Version 3 hosts, they must be enabled in conjunction with the corresponding entries in the Notification View (page 3-49).

3-43

Configuring the Switch

v2c or v3) and security level (i.e., authentication and privacy).

4. Assign SNMP users to groups, along with their specific authentication and privacy passwords.

Setting a Local Engine ID

An SNMPv3 engine is an independent SNMP agent that resides on the switch. This engine protects against message replay, delay, and redirection. The engine ID is also used in combination with user passwords to generate the security keys for authenticating and encrypting SNMPv3 packets.

A local engine ID is automatically generated that is unique to the switch. This is referred to as the default engine ID. If the local engineID is deleted or changed, all SNMP users will be cleared. You will need to reconfigure all existing users.

A new engine ID can be specified by entering 1 to 26 hexadecimal characters. If less than 26 characters are specified, trailing zeroes are added to the value. For example, the value “1234” is equivalent to “1234” followed by 22 zeroes.

Web – Click SNMP, SNMPv3, Engine ID. Enter an ID of up to 26 hexadecimal characters and then click Save.

Figure 3-27 Setting the SNMPv3 Engine ID

CLI – This example sets an SNMPv3 engine ID.

Console(config)#snmp-server engine-id local 12345abcdef 4-123 Console(config)#exit Console#show snmp engine-id 4-124 Local SNMP engineID: 8000002a8000000000e8666672 Local SNMP engineBoots: 1 Console#

Specifying a Remote Engine ID

To send inform messages to an SNMPv3 user on a remote device, you must first specify the engine identifier for the SNMP agent on the remote device where the user resides. The remote engine ID is used to compute the security digest for authenticating and encrypting packets sent to a user on the remote host.

SNMP passwords are localized using the engine ID of the authoritative agent. For informs, the authoritative SNMP agent is the remote agent. You therefore need to

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Configuring SNMPv3 Management Access

configure the remote agent’s SNMP engine ID before you can send proxy requests or informs to it. (See “Specifying Trap Managers and Trap Types” on page 3-41 and “Configuring Remote SNMPv3 Users” on page 3-47.)

The engine ID can be specified by entering 1 to 26 hexadecimal characters. If less than 26 characters are specified, trailing zeroes are added to the value. For example, the value “1234” is equivalent to “1234” followed by 22 zeroes.

Web – Click SNMP, SNMPv3, Remote Engine ID. Enter an ID of up to 26 hexadecimal characters and then click Save.

Figure 3-28 Setting an Engine ID

CLI – This example specifies a remote SNMPv3 engine ID.

Console(config)#snmp-server engineID remote 54321 192.168.1.19 4-123 Console(config)#exit Console#show snmp engine-id 4-124 Local SNMP engineID: 8000002a8000000000e8666672 Local SNMP engineBoots: 1

Remote SNMP engineID IP address 80000000030004e2b316c54321 192.168.1.19 Console#

Configuring SNMPv3 Users

Each SNMPv3 user is defined by a unique name. Users must be configured with a specific security level and assigned to a group. The SNMPv3 group restricts users to a specific read, write, or notify view.

Command Attributes

• User Name – The name of user connecting to the SNMP agent. (Range: 1-32 characters)

• Group Name – The name of the SNMP group to which the user is assigned. (Range: 1-32 characters)

• Security Model – The user security model; SNMP v1, v2c or v3.

• Security Level – The security level used for the user:

- noAuthNoPriv – There is no authentication or encryption used in SNMP

communications. (This is the default for SNMPv3.)

- AuthNoPriv – SNMP communications use authentication, but the data is not

encrypted (only available for the SNMPv3 security model).

- AuthPriv – SNMP communications use both authentication and encryption (only

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Configuring the Switch

available for the SNMPv3 security model).

• Authentication Protocol – The method used for user authentication. (Options: MD5, SHA; Default: MD5)

• Authentication Password – A minimum of eight plain text characters is required.

• Privacy Protocol – The encryption algorithm use for data privacy; only 56-bit DES is currently available.

• Privacy Password – A minimum of eight plain text characters is required.

• Actions – Enables the user to be assigned to another SNMPv3 group.

Web – Click SNMP, SNMPv3, Users. Click New to configure a user name. In the New User page, define a name and assign it to a group, then click Add to save the configuration and return to the User Name list. To delete a user, check the box next to the user name, then click Delete. To change the assigned group of a user, click Change Group in the Actions column of the users table and select the new group.

3-46

Figure 3-29 Configuring SNMPv3 Users

Configuring SNMPv3 Management Access

CLI – Use the snmp-server user command to configure a new user name and assign it to a group.

Console(config)#snmp-server user chris group r&d v3 auth md5

greenpeace priv des56 einstien 4-128 Console(config)#exit Console#show snmp user 4-130 EngineId: 80000034030001f488f5200000 User Name: chris Authentication Protocol: md5 Privacy Protocol: des56 Storage Type: nonvolatile Row Status: active

Console#

Configuring Remote SNMPv3 Users

Each SNMPv3 user is defined by a unique name. Users must be configured with a specific security level and assigned to a group. The SNMPv3 group restricts users to a specific read and a write view.

Command Attributes

• User Name – The name of user connecting to the SNMP agent. (Range: 1-32 characters)

• Group Name – The name of the SNMP group to which the user is assigned. (Range: 1-32 characters)

• Engine ID – The engine identifier for the SNMP agent on the remote device where the remote user resides. Note that the remote engine identifier must be specified before you configure a remote user. (See “Specifying a Remote Engine ID” on page 3-44.)

• Remote IP – The Internet address of the remote device where the user resides.

• Security Model – The user security model; SNMP v1, v2c or v3. (Default: v1)

• Security Level – The security level used for the user:

- noAuthNoPriv – There is no authentication or encryption used in SNMP

communications. (This is the default for SNMPv3.)

- AuthNoPriv – SNMP communications use authentication, but the data is not

encrypted (only available for the SNMPv3 security model).

- AuthPriv – SNMP communications use both authentication and encryption (only

available for the SNMPv3 security model).

• Authentication Protocol – The method used for user authentication. (Options: MD5, SHA; Default: MD5)

• Authentication Password – A minimum of eight plain text characters is required.

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Configuring the Switch

• Privacy Protocol – The encryption algorithm use for data privacy; only 56-bit DES is currently available.

• Privacy Password – A minimum of eight plain text characters is required.

Web – Click SNMP, SNMPv3, Remote Users. Click New to configure a user name. In the New User page, define a name and assign it to a group, then click Add to save the configuration and return to the User Name list. To delete a user, check the box next to the user name, then click Delete.

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Figure 3-30 Configuring Remote SNMPv3 Users

Configuring SNMPv3 Management Access

CLI – Use the snmp-server user command to configure a new user name and assign it to a group.

Console(config)#snmp-server user mark group r&d remote 192.168.1.19 v3

auth md5 greenpeace priv des56 einstien 4-128 Console(config)#exit Console#show snmp user 4-130 No user exist.

SNMP remote user EngineId: 80000000030004e2b316c54321 User Name: mark Authentication Protocol: none Privacy Protocol: none Storage Type: nonvolatile Row Status: active

Console#

Configuring SNMPv3 Groups

An SNMPv3 group sets the access policy for its assigned users, restricting them to specific read, write, and notify views. You can use the pre-defined default groups or create new groups to map a set of SNMP users to SNMP views.

Command Attributes

• Group Name – The name of the SNMP group. (Range: 1-32 characters)

• Model – The group security model; SNMP v1, v2c or v3.

• Level – The security level used for the group:

- noAuthNoPriv – There is no authentication or encryption used in SNMP communications.

- AuthNoPriv – SNMP communications use authentication, but the data is not encrypted (only available for the SNMPv3 security model).

- AuthPriv – SNMP communications use both authentication and encryption (only available for the SNMPv3 security model).

• Read View – The configured view for read access. (Range: 1-64 characters)

• Write View – The configured view for write access. (Range: 1-64 characters)

• Notify View – The configured view for notifications. (Range: 1-64 characters)

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Configuring the Switch

Table 3-5 Supported Notification Messages

Object Label Object ID Description

RFC 1493 Traps

newRoot 1.3.6.1.2.1.17.0.1 The newRoot trap indicates that the sending

topologyChange 1.3.6.1.2.1.17.0.2 A topologyChange trap is sent by a bridge when

SNMPv2 Traps

coldStart 1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.1 A coldStart trap signifies that the S NMPv2 entity,

warmStart 1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.2 A warmStart trap signifies that the SNMPv2

linkDown

linkUp

authenticationFailure

RMON Events (V2)

risingAlarm 1.3.6.1.2.1.16.0.1 The SNMP trap that is generated when an alarm

fallingAlarm 1.3.6.1.2.1.16.0.2 The SNMP trap that is generated when an alarm

1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.3 A linkDown trap signifies that the SNMP entity,

1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.4 A linkUp trap signifies that the SNMP entity,

1.3.6.1.6.3.1.1.5.5 An authenticationFailure trap signifies that the

agent has become the new root of the Spanning Tree; the trap is sent by a bridge soon after its election as the new root, e.g., upon expiration of the Topology Change Timer immediately subsequent to its election.

any of its configured ports transitions from the Learning state to the Forwarding state, or from the Forwarding state to the Disca rding state. The trap is not sent if a newRoot trap is sent for the same transition.

acting in an agent role, is reinitializing itself and that its configuration may have been altered.

entity, acting in an agent role, is reinitializing itself such that its configuration is unaltered.

acting in an agent role, has detected that the ifOperStatus object for one of its communication links is about to enter the down state from some other state (but not from the notPresent state). This other state is indicated by the included value of ifOperStatus.

acting in an agent role, has detected that the ifOperStatus object for one of its communication links left the down state and transitioned into some other state (but not into the notPresent state). This other state is indicated by the included value of ifOperStatus.

SNMPv2 entity, acting in an agent role, has received a protocol message that is not properly authenticated. While all implementations of the SNMPv2 must be capable of generating this trap, the snmpEnableAuthenTraps object indicates whether this trap will be generated.

entry crosses its rising threshold and generates an event that is configured for sending SNMP traps.

entry crosses its falling threshold and generates an event that is configured for sending SNMP traps.

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Configuring SNMPv3 Management Access

Table 3-5 Supported Notification Messages (Continued)

Object Label Object ID Description

Private Traps -

swPowerStatus ChangeTrap

swFanFailureTrap 1.3.6.1.4.1.259.6.10.95.2.1.0.17 This trap is sent when the fan fails.

swFanRecoverTrap 1.3.6.1.4.1.259.6.10.95.2.1.0.18 This trap is sent when the fan failure has

swPortSecurityTrap 1.3.6.1.4.1.259.6.10.95.2.1.0.36 This trap is sent when a port is intruded.

swIpFilterRejectTrap 1.3.6.1.4.1.259.6.10.95.2.1.0.40 This trap is sent when an incorrect IP address is

swSmtpConnFailure Trap

swMainBoardVer MismatchNotificaiton

swModuleVer MismatchNotificaiton

swThermalRising Notification

swThermalFalling Notification

swModuleInsertion Notificaiton

swModuleRemoval Notificaiton

a. These are legacy notifications and therefore must be enabled in conjunction with the corresponding traps on the

SNMP Configuration menu (page 3-43).

1.3.6.1.4.1.259.6.10.95.2.1.0.1 This trap is sent when the power state changes.

recovered.

rejected by the IP Filter.

1.3.6.1.4.1.259.6.10.95.2.1.0.41 This trap is triggered if the SMTP system cannot

1.3.6.1.4.1.259.6.10.95.2.1.0.56 This trap is sent when the slave board version is

1.3.6.1.4.1.259.6.10.95.2.1.0.57 This trap is sent when the slide-in module

1.3.6.1.4.1.259.6.10.95.2.1.0.58 This trap is sent when the temperature exceeds

1.3.6.1.4.1.259.6.1 0.95.2.1.0.59 This trap is sent whe n the temperature falls below

1.3.6.1.4.1.259.6.10.95.2.1.0.60 This trap is sent when a module is inserted.

1.3.6.1.4.1.259.6.10.95.2.1.0.61 This trap is sent when a module is removed.

open a connection to the mail server successfully.

mismatched with the master board version. This trap binds two objects, the first object indicates the master version, whereas the second represents the slave version.

version is mismatched with the main board version.

the switchThermalActionRisingThreshold.

the switchThermalActionFallingThreshold.

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Configuring the Switch

Web – Click SNMP, SNMPv3, Groups. Click New to configure a new group. In the New Group page, define a name, assign a security model and level, and then select read, write, and notify views. Click Add to save the new group and return to the Groups list. To delete a group, check the box next to the group name, then click Delete.

Figure 3-31 Configuring SNMPv3 Groups

CLI – Use the snmp-server group command to configure a new group, specifying the security model and level, and restricting MIB access to defined read and write views.

Console(config)#snmp-server group secure-users v3 priv read defaultview

write defaultview notify defaultview 4-126 Console(config)#exit Console#show snmp group 4-127

. . .

Group Name: secure-users Security Model: v3 Read View: defaultview Write View: defaultview Notify View: defaultview Storage Type: nonvolatile Row Status: active

Console#

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Configuring SNMPv3 Management Access

Setting SNMPv3 Views

SNMPv3 views are used to restrict user access to specified portions of the MIB tree.

The predefined view “defaultview” includes access to the entire MIB tree.

Command Attributes

• View Name – The name of the SNMP view. (Range: 1-64 characters)

• View OID Subtrees – Shows the currently configured object identifiers of branches within the MIB tree that define the SNMP view.

• Edit OID Subtrees – Allows you to configure the object identifiers of branches within the MIB tree. Wild cards can be used to mask a specific portion of the OID string.

• Type – Indicates if the object identifier of a branch within the MIB tree is included or excluded from the SNMP view.

Web – Click SNMP, SNMPv3, Views. Click New to configure a new view. In the New View page, define a name and specify OID subtrees in the switch MIB to be included or excluded in the view. Click Back to save the new view and return to the SNMPv3 Views list. For a specific view, click on View OID Subtrees to display the current configuration, or click on Edit OID Subtrees to make changes to the view settings. To delete a view, check the box next to the view name, then click Delete.

Figure 3-32 Configuring SNMPv3 Views

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Configuring the Switch

CLI – Use the snmp-server view command to configure a new view. This example view includes the MIB-2 interfaces table, and the wildcard mask selects all index entries.

Console(config)#snmp-server view ifEntry.a 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.1.*

included 4-125 Console(config)#exit Console#show snmp view 4-126 View Name: ifEntry.a Subtree OID: 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.1.* View Type: included Storage Type: nonvolatile Row Status: active

View Name: readaccess Subtree OID: 1.3.6.1.2 View Type: included Storage Type: nonvolatile Row Status: active

View Name: defaultview Subtree OID: 1 View Type: included Storage Type: nonvolatile Row Status: active

Console#

User Authentication

You can restrict management access to this switch using the following options:

• User Accounts – Manually configure access rights on the switch for specified users.

• Authentication Settings – Use remote authentication to configure access rights.

• HTTPS Settings – Provide a secure web connection.

• SSH Settings – Provide a secure shell (for secure Telnet access).

• Port Security – Configure secure addresses for individual ports.

• 802.1X – Use IEEE 802.1X port authentication to control access to specific ports.

• IP Filter – Filters management access to the web, SNMP or Telnet interface.

Configuring User Accounts

The guest only has read access for most configuration parameters. However, the administrator has write access for all parameters governing the onboard agent. You should therefore assign a new administrator password as soon as possible, and store it in a safe place.

The default guest name is “guest” with the password “guest.” The default administrator name is “admin” with the password “admin.”

Command Attributes

• Account List – Displays the current list of user accounts and associated access levels. (Defaults: admin, and guest)

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User Authentication

• New Account – Displays configuration settings for a new account.

- User Name – The name of the user. (Maximum length: 8 characters)

- Access Level – Specifies the user level. (Options: Normal and Privileged)

- Password – Specifies the user password. (Range: 0-8 characters plain text, case sensitive)

• Change Password – Sets a new password for the specified user name.

• Add/Remove – Adds or removes an account from the list.

Web – Click Security, User Accounts. To configure a new user account, specify a

user name, select the user’s access level, then enter a password and confirm it. Click Add to save the new user account and add it to the Account List. To change the password for a specific user, enter the user name and new password, confirm the password by entering it again, then click Apply.

Figure 3-33 Access Levels

CLI – Assign a user name to access-level 15 (i.e., administrator), then specify the password.

Console(config)#username bob access-level 15 4-27 Console(config)#username bob password 0 smith Console(config)#

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Configuring the Switch

Configuring Local/Remote Logon Authentication

Use the Authentication Settings menu to restrict management access based on specified user names and passwords. You can manually configure access rights on the switch, or you can use a remote access authentication server based on RADIUS or TACACS+ protocols.

Remote Authentication Dial-in User Service (RADIUS) and Terminal Access Controller Access Control System Plus (TACACS+) are logon

Web Telnet

authentication protocols that use software running on a central server to control access to RADIUS-aware or TACACS-aware devices on the network. An authentication

RADIUS/ TACACS+ server

1. Client attempts management access.

2. Switch contacts authentication server.

3. Authentication server challenges client.

4. Client responds with proper password or key.

5. Authentication server approves access.

6. Switch grants management access.

server contains a database of multiple user name/password pairs with associated privilege levels for each user that requires management access to the switch.

RADIUS uses UDP while TACACS+ uses TCP. UDP only offers best effort delivery, while TCP offers a connection-oriented transport. Also, note that RADIUS encrypts only the password in the access-request packet from the client to the server, while TACACS+ encrypts the entire body of the packet.

Command Usage

• By default, management access is always checked against the authentication database stored on the local switch. If a remote authentication server is used, you must specify the authentication sequence and the corresponding parameters for the remote authentication protocol. Local and remote logon authentication control management access via the console port, web browser, or Telnet.

• RADIUS and TACACS+ logon authentication assign a specific privilege level for each user name/password pair. The user name, password, and privilege level must be configured on the authentication server.

• You can specify up to three authentication methods for any user to indicate the authentication sequence. For example, if you select (1) RADIUS, (2) TACACS and (3) Local, the user name and password on the RADIUS server is verified first. If the RADIUS server is not available, then authentication is attempted using the TACACS+ server, and finally the local user name and password is checked.

console

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Accton Technology ES3552XA, ES3526XA User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Chapter 1: Introduction

Key Features

Description of Software Features

System Defaults

Chapter 2: Initial Configuration

Connecting to the Switch

Configuration Options

Required Connections

Basic Configuration

Remote Connections

Console Connection

Setting Passwords

Setting an IP Address

Enabling SNMP Management Access

Saving Configuration Settings

Managing System Files

Chapter 3: Configuring the Switch

Using the Web Interface

Navigating the Web Browser Interface

Home Page

Panel Display

Configuration Options

Main Menu

Basic Configuration

Displaying System Information

Displaying Switch Hardware/Software Versions

Displaying Bridge Extension Capabilities

Setting the Switch’s IP Address

Managing Firmware

Saving or Restoring Configuration Settings

Console Port Settings

Telnet Settings

Configuring Event Logging

Resetting the System

Setting the System Clock

Simple Network Management Protocol

Enabling the SNMP Agent

Setting Community Access Strings

Specifying Trap Managers and Trap Types

Configuring SNMPv3 Management Access

Setting a Local Engine ID

Specifying a Remote Engine ID

Configuring SNMPv3 Users

Configuring Remote SNMPv3 Users

Configuring SNMPv3 Groups

Setting SNMPv3 Views

User Authentication

Configuring User Accounts

Configuring Local/Remote Logon Authentication