ZyXEL Communications 660RU-Tx User Manual
Prestige 660RU-Tx Series
ADSL2+ Ethernet/USB Gateway
User’s Guide
Version 3.40
January 2005
Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
Copyright
Copyright © 2005 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed,
stored in a retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or
otherwise, without the prior written permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. All rights reserved.
Disclaimer
ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or
software described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the
patent rights of others. ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products
described herein without notice. This publication is subject to change without notice.
Trademarks
ZyNOS (ZyXEL Network Operating System) is a registered trademark of ZyXEL
Communications, Inc. Other trademarks mentioned in this publication are used for
identification purposes only and may be properties of their respective owners.
Copyright 2
Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
Federal Communications
Commission (FCC) Interference
Statement
This device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions:
• This device may not cause harmful interference.
• This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause
undesired operations.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital
device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable
protection against harmful interference in a commercial environment. This equipment
generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy, and if not installed and used in
accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio/television reception, which can be
determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the
interference by one or more of the following measures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
• Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.
• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver
is connected.
• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
Notice 1
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance
could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
Certifications
1 Go to www.zyxel.com.
2 Select your product from the drop-down list box on the ZyXEL home page to go to that
product's page.
3 Select the certification you wish to view from this page.
3 Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement
Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
ZyXEL Limited Warranty
ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects
in materials or workmanship for a period of up to two years from the date of purchase. During
the warranty period, and upon proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure
due to faulty workmanship and/or materials, ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or replace the
defective products or components without charge for either parts or labor, and to whatever
extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or components to proper operating
condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured functionally equivalent
product of equal value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL. This warranty shall not
apply if the product is modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or
subjected to abnormal working conditions.
Note
Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the
purchaser. This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any
implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in
no event be held liable for indirect or consequential damages of any kind of character to the
purchaser.
To obtain the services of this warranty, contact ZyXEL's Service Center for your Return
Material Authorization number (RMA). Products must be returned Postage Prepaid. It is
recommended that the unit be insured when shipped. Any returned products without proof of
purchase or those with an out-dated warranty will be repaired or replaced (at the discretion of
ZyXEL) and the customer will be billed for parts and labor. All repaired or replaced products
will be shipped by ZyXEL to the corresponding return address, Postage Paid. This warranty
gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights that vary from country to
country.
Safety Warnings
1 To reduce the risk of fire, use only No. 26 AWG or larger telephone wire.
2 Do not use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming
pool.
3 Avoid using this product during an electrical storm. There may be a remote risk of
electric shock from lightening.
ZyXEL Limited Warranty 4
Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
Please have the following information ready when you contact customer support.
• Product model and serial number.
• Warranty Information.
• Date that you received your device.
• Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it.
Customer Support
METHOD
LOCATION
WORLDWIDE
NORTH
AMERICA
GERMANY
FRANCE
SPAIN
DENMARK
NORWAY
SWEDEN
FINLAND
SUPPORT E-MAIL TELEPHONE
SALES E-MAIL FAX FTP SITE
support@zyxel.com.tw +886-3-578-3942 www.zyxel.com
sales@zyxel.com.tw +886-3-578-2439 ftp.zyxel.com
support@zyxel.com +1-800-255-4101
+1-714-632-0882
sales@zyxel.com +1-714-632-0858 ftp.us.zyxel.com
support@zyxel.de +49-2405-6909-0 www.zyxel.de ZyXEL Deutschland GmbH.
sales@zyxel.de +49-2405-6909-99
info@zyxel.fr +33 (0)4 72 52 97 97 www.zyxel.fr Z yX E L F r an c e
+33 (0)4 72 52 19 20
support@zyxel.es +34 902 195 420 www.zyxel.es Z y X E L C o m mu n i c a t i o ns
sales@zyxel.es +34 913 005 345
support@zyxel.dk +45 39 55 07 00 www.zyxel.dk Z y X E L C o m m u n i c a t i o n s A / S
sales@zyxel.dk +45 39 55 07 07
support@zyxel.no +47 22 80 61 80 www.zyxel.no Z y X E L C o m m u n i c a t i o n s A / S
sales@zyxel.no +47 22 80 61 81
support@zyxel.se +46 31 744 7700 www.zyxel.se ZyXEL Communications A/S
sales@zyxel.se +46 31 744 7701
support@zyxel.fi +358-9-4780-8411 www.zyxel.fi Z yXEL Com mu n ications Oy
sales@zyxel.fi +358-9-4780 8448
A
WEB SITE
REGULAR MAIL
ZyXEL Communications Corp.
www.europe.zyxel.com
ftp.europe.zyxel.com
www.us.zyxel.com ZyXEL Communications Inc.
6 Innov ati on Road II
Sc ience Park
Hs inchu 3 00
Ta iw a n
1130 N. Miller St.
Ana hei m
CA 92806- 2001
U.S.A.
Adenauerstr. 20/A2 D-52146
Wuerselen
Germany
1 rue des Ve rg er s
Ba t. 1 / C
69760 Limonest
France
A l e j a n d r o V i l l e g a s 3 3
1 º , 2 8 0 4 3 M a d r i d
Spain
Col um bu sv ej 5
2860 Soeborg
Denmark
Ni ls Hansens vei 13
0667 Oslo
Norway
Sjöporten 4, 41764 Göteborg
Sweden
Mal mi nk aa ri 10
00700 Helsinki
Finland
a. “+” is the (prefix) number you enter to make an international telephone call.
5 Customer Support
Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
Table of Contents
Copyright .................................................................................................................. 2
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement ............... 3
ZyXEL Limited Warranty.......................................................................................... 4
Customer Support.................................................................................................... 5
Table of Contents..................................................................................................... 6
List of Figures ........................................................................................................ 16
List of Tables .......................................................................................................... 22
Preface .................................................................................................................... 26
Introduction to DSL................................................................................................ 28
Chapter 1
Getting To Know Your Prestige............................................................................. 30
1.1 Introducing the Prestige .....................................................................................30
1.1.1 Features of the Prestige ...........................................................................31
1.1.2 Applications for the Prestige .....................................................................35
1.1.2.1 Internet Access ...............................................................................35
1.1.2.2 LAN to LAN Application ...................................................................35
1.1.3 Prestige Hardware Installation and Connection ........................................36
1.1.4 Front Panel LEDs .....................................................................................36
Chapter 2
Introducing the Web Configurator........................................................................ 38
2.1 Web Configurator Overview ...............................................................................38
2.1.1 Accessing the Prestige Web Configurator ................................................38
2.1.2 Resetting the Prestige ..............................................................................39
2.1.2.1 Using the Reset Button ...................................................................39
2.1.3 Navigating the Prestige Web Configurator ...............................................39
Chapter 3
Wizard Setup ......................................................................................................... 42
3.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................42
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Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
3.1.1 Encapsulation ...........................................................................................42
3.1.1.1 ENET ENCAP .................................................................................42
3.1.1.2 PPP over Ethernet ..........................................................................42
3.1.1.3 PPPoA .............................................................................................42
3.1.1.4 RFC 1483 ........................................................................................43
3.1.2 Multiplexing ...............................................................................................43
3.1.2.1 VC-based Multiplexing ....................................................................43
3.1.2.2 LLC-based Multiplexing ...................................................................43
3.1.3 VPI and VCI ..............................................................................................43
3.1.4 Internet Access Wizard Setup: First Screen .............................................43
3.2 IP Address and Subnet Mask .............................................................................44
3.2.1 IP Address Assignment ............................................................................45
3.2.1.1 IP Assignment with PPPoA or PPPoE Encapsulation .....................45
3.2.1.2 IP Assignment with RFC 1483 Encapsulation .................................45
3.2.1.3 IP Assignment with ENET ENCAP Encapsulation ..........................45
3.2.1.4 Private IP Addresses .......................................................................46
3.2.2 Nailed-Up Connection (PPP) ....................................................................46
3.2.3 NAT ...........................................................................................................46
3.2.4 Internet Access Wizard Setup: Second Screen ........................................46
3.2.5 DHCP Setup .............................................................................................50
3.2.5.1 IP Pool Setup ..................................................................................50
3.2.6 Internet Access Wizard Setup: Third Screen ............................................50
3.2.7 Internet Access Wizard Setup: Connection Test .......................................53
3.2.7.1 Test Your Internet Connection .........................................................53
Chapter 4
Password Setup ..................................................................................................... 54
4.1 Password Overview ...........................................................................................54
4.1.1 Configuring Password ...............................................................................54
Chapter 5
LAN Setup............................................................................................................... 56
5.1 LAN Overview ....................................................................................................56
5.1.1 LANs, WANs and the Prestige ..................................................................56
5.2 DNS Server Address ..........................................................................................57
5.3 DNS Server Address Assignment ......................................................................57
5.4 LAN TCP/IP ........................................................................................................58
5.4.1 Factory LAN Defaults ................................................................................58
5.4.2 IP Address and Subnet Mask ...................................................................58
5.4.3 RIP Setup .................................................................................................58
5.4.4 Multicast ....................................................................................................59
5.5 Any IP .................................................................................................................59
5.5.1 How Any IP Works ....................................................................................60
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Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
5.6 Configuring LAN .................................................................................................61
Chapter 6
WAN Setup.............................................................................................................. 64
6.1 WAN Overview ...................................................................................................64
6.2 Metric ................................................................................................................64
6.3 PPPoE Encapsulation ........................................................................................65
6.4 Traffic Shaping ...................................................................................................65
6.5 Zero Configuration Internet Access ....................................................................66
6.6 Configuring WAN Setup .....................................................................................66
6.7 Traffic Redirect ..................................................................................................69
6.8 Configuring WAN Backup ...................................................................................70
Chapter 7
Network Address Translation (NAT) Screens...................................................... 74
7.1 NAT Overview ....................................................................................................74
7.1.1 NAT Definitions .........................................................................................74
7.1.2 What NAT Does ........................................................................................75
7.1.3 How NAT Works .......................................................................................75
7.1.4 NAT Application ........................................................................................76
7.1.5 NAT Mapping Types .................................................................................76
7.2 SUA (Single User Account) Versus NAT ............................................................77
7.3 SUA Server ........................................................................................................78
7.3.1 Default Server IP Address ........................................................................78
7.3.2 Port Forwarding: Services and Port Numbers ..........................................78
7.3.3 Configuring Servers Behind SUA (Example) ............................................79
7.4 Selecting the NAT Mode ....................................................................................79
7.5 Configuring SUA Server .....................................................................................80
7.6 Configuring Address Mapping ............................................................................82
7.7 Editing an Address Mapping Rule ......................................................................83
Chapter 8
Dynamic DNS Setup............................................................................................... 86
8.1 Dynamic DNS .....................................................................................................86
8.1.1 DYNDNS Wildcard ....................................................................................86
8.2 Configuring Dynamic DNS .................................................................................86
Chapter 9
Time and Date......................................................................................................... 88
9.1 Configuring Time and Date ................................................................................88
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Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
Chapter 10
Remote Management Configuration .................................................................... 90
10.1 Remote Management Overview .......................................................................90
10.1.1 Remote Management Limitations ...........................................................90
10.1.2 Remote Management and NAT ..............................................................91
10.1.3 System Timeout .....................................................................................91
10.2 Telnet ................................................................................................................91
10.3 FTP ..................................................................................................................91
10.4 Web ..................................................................................................................91
10.5 Configuring Remote Management ...................................................................91
Chapter 11
Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) ........................................................................... 94
11.1 Introducing Universal Plug and Play ................................................................94
11.1.1 How do I know if I'm using UPnP? ..........................................................94
11.1.2 NAT Traversal .........................................................................................94
11.1.3 Cautions with UPnP ................................................................................94
11.2 UPnP and ZyXEL .............................................................................................95
11.2.1 Configuring UPnP ...................................................................................95
11.3 Installing UPnP in Windows Example ...............................................................96
11.4 Using UPnP in Windows XP Example ..............................................................99
Chapter 12
Maintenance ......................................................................................................... 108
12.1 Maintenance Overview ...................................................................................108
12.2 System Status Screen ....................................................................................108
12.2.1 System Statistics ...................................................................................110
12.3 DHCP Table Screen ....................................................................................... 111
12.4 Any IP Table Screen .......................................................................................112
12.5 Diagnostic Screens ........................................................................................113
12.5.1 Diagnostic General Screen ................................................................... 113
12.5.2 Diagnostic DSL Line Screen .................................................................114
12.6 Firmware Screen ............................................................................................ 116
Chapter 13
Introducing the SMT ............................................................................................ 118
13.1 SMT Introduction ............................................................................................ 118
13.1.1 Procedure for SMT Configuration via Telnet .........................................118
13.1.2 Entering Password ................................................................................ 118
13.1.3 Prestige SMT Menu Overview .............................................................. 119
13.2 Navigating the SMT Interface .........................................................................119
13.2.1 System Management Terminal Interface Summary ..............................121
13.3 Changing the System Password ....................................................................122
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Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
Chapter 14
Menu 1 General Setup ......................................................................................... 124
14.1 General Setup ................................................................................................124
14.2 Procedure To Configure Menu 1 ....................................................................124
14.2.1 Procedure to Configure Dynamic DNS .................................................125
Chapter 15
Menu 2 WAN Backup Setup ................................................................................ 128
15.1 Introduction to WAN Backup Setup ................................................................128
15.2 Configuring Dial Backup in Menu 2 ................................................................128
15.2.1 Traffic Redirect Setup ...........................................................................129
Chapter 16
Menu 3 LAN Setup ...............................................................................................132
16.1 LAN Setup ......................................................................................................132
16.1.1 General Ethernet Setup ........................................................................132
16.2 Protocol Dependent Ethernet Setup ..............................................................133
16.3 CP/IP Ethernet Setup and DHCP ...................................................................133
Chapter 17
Internet Access .................................................................................................... 136
17.1 Internet Access Overview ..............................................................................136
17.2 IP Policies ......................................................................................................136
17.3 IP Alias ...........................................................................................................136
17.4 IP Alias Setup .................................................................................................137
17.5 Route IP Setup ...............................................................................................138
17.6 Internet Access Configuration ........................................................................139
Chapter 18
Remote Node Configuration ............................................................................... 142
18.1 Remote Node Setup Overview .......................................................................142
18.2 Remote Node Setup .......................................................................................142
18.2.1 Remote Node Profile ............................................................................142
18.2.2 Encapsulation and Multiplexing Scenarios ...........................................143
18.2.2.1 Scenario 1: One VC, Multiple Protocols ......................................143
18.2.2.2 Scenario 2: One VC, One Protocol (IP) ......................................143
18.2.2.3 Scenario 3: Multiple VCs .............................................................143
18.2.3 Outgoing Authentication Protocol .........................................................145
18.3 Remote Node Network Layer Options ...........................................................146
18.3.1 My WAN Addr Sample IP Addresses ...................................................147
18.4 Remote Node Filter ........................................................................................148
18.4.1 Web Configurator Internet Security Filter Rules ...................................149
18.4.2 Web Configurator Filter Sets ................................................................150
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Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
18.5 Editing ATM Layer Options ............................................................................151
18.5.1 VC-based Multiplexing (non-PPP Encapsulation) ................................151
18.5.2 LLC-based Multiplexing or PPP Encapsulation ....................................152
18.5.3 Advance Setup Options ........................................................................152
Chapter 19
Static Route Setup ............................................................................................... 154
19.1 IP Static Route Overview ...............................................................................154
19.2 Configuration ..................................................................................................154
Chapter 20
Bridging Setup ..................................................................................................... 158
20.1 Bridging in General ........................................................................................158
20.2 Bridge Ethernet Setup ....................................................................................158
20.2.1 Remote Node Bridging Setup ...............................................................158
20.2.2 Bridge Static Route Setup .....................................................................160
Chapter 21
Network Address Translation (NAT)................................................................... 162
21.1 SUA (Single User Account) Versus NAT ........................................................162
21.2 Applying NAT .................................................................................................162
21.3 NAT Setup ......................................................................................................164
21.3.1 Address Mapping Sets ..........................................................................164
21.3.1.1 SUA Address Mapping Set .........................................................165
21.3.1.2 User-Defined Address Mapping Sets ..........................................166
21.3.1.3 Ordering Your Rules ....................................................................167
21.4 Configuring a Server behind NAT ..................................................................168
21.5 General NAT Examples ..................................................................................170
21.5.1 Example 1: Internet Access Only ..........................................................170
21.5.2 Example 2: Internet Access with an Inside Server ...............................171
21.5.3 Example 3: Multiple Public IP Addresses With Inside Servers .............172
21.5.4 Example 4: NAT Unfriendly Application Programs ...............................175
Chapter 22
Filter Configuration.............................................................................................. 178
22.1 About Filtering ................................................................................................178
22.1.1 The Filter Structure of the Prestige .......................................................179
22.2 Configuring a Filter Set for the Prestige .........................................................180
22.3 Filter Rules Summary Menus .........................................................................181
22.4 Configuring a Filter Rule ................................................................................182
22.4.1 TCP/IP Filter Rule .................................................................................182
22.4.2 Generic Filter Rule ................................................................................185
22.5 Filter Types and NAT .....................................................................................187
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22.6 Example Filter ................................................................................................187
22.7 Applying Filters and Factory Defaults ............................................................190
22.7.1 Ethernet Traffic .....................................................................................190
22.7.2 Remote Node Filters .............................................................................190
Chapter 23
SNMP Configuration ............................................................................................ 192
23.1 About SNMP ..................................................................................................192
23.2 Supported MIBs ............................................................................................193
23.3 SNMP Configuration ......................................................................................193
23.4 SNMP Traps ...................................................................................................194
Chapter 24
System Information and Diagnosis .................................................................... 196
24.1 Overview ........................................................................................................196
24.2 System Status ................................................................................................196
24.3 System Information ........................................................................................198
24.3.1 System Information ...............................................................................198
24.3.2 Console Port Speed ..............................................................................199
24.4 Log and Trace ................................................................................................200
24.4.1 Viewing Error Log .................................................................................200
24.4.2 Syslog and Accounting .........................................................................201
24.5 Diagnostic ......................................................................................................203
Chapter 25
Firmware and Configuration File Maintenance ................................................. 206
25.1 Filename Conventions ...................................................................................206
25.2 Backup Configuration .....................................................................................207
25.2.1 Backup Configuration ...........................................................................207
25.2.2 Using the FTP Command from the Command Line ..............................208
25.2.3 Example of FTP Commands from the Command Line .........................208
25.2.4 GUI-based FTP Clients .........................................................................209
25.2.5 TFTP and FTP over WAN Management Limitations .............................209
25.2.6 Backup Configuration Using TFTP .......................................................210
25.2.7 TFTP Command Example ....................................................................210
25.2.8 GUI-based TFTP Clients ......................................................................210
25.3 Restore Configuration ....................................................................................211
25.3.1 Restore Using FTP ............................................................................... 211
25.3.2 Restore Using FTP Session Example ..................................................212
25.4 Uploading Firmware and Configuration Files .................................................213
25.4.1 Firmware File Upload ............................................................................213
25.4.2 Configuration File Upload .....................................................................213
25.4.3 FTP File Upload Command from the DOS Prompt Example ................214
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Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
25.4.4 FTP Session Example of Firmware File Upload ...................................215
25.4.5 TFTP File Upload ..................................................................................215
25.4.6 TFTP Upload Command Example ........................................................216
Chapter 26
System Maintenance............................................................................................ 218
26.1 Command Interpreter Mode ...........................................................................218
26.2 Call Control Support .......................................................................................219
26.2.1 Budget Management ............................................................................219
26.3 Time and Date Setting ....................................................................................220
26.3.1 Resetting the Time ................................................................................221
Chapter 27
Remote Management ........................................................................................... 224
27.1 Remote Management Overview .....................................................................224
27.2 Remote Management .....................................................................................224
27.2.1 Remote Management Setup .................................................................224
27.2.2 Remote Management Limitations .........................................................225
27.3 Remote Management and NAT ......................................................................226
27.4 System Timeout .............................................................................................226
Chapter 28
IP Policy Routing.................................................................................................. 228
28.1 IP Policy Routing Overview ............................................................................228
28.2 Benefits of IP Policy Routing ..........................................................................228
28.3 Routing Policy ................................................................................................228
28.4 IP Routing Policy Setup .................................................................................229
28.5 Applying an IP Policy .....................................................................................232
28.5.1 Ethernet IP Policies ..............................................................................232
28.6 IP Policy Routing Example .............................................................................233
Chapter 29
Call Scheduling .................................................................................................... 238
29.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................238
Chapter 30
Troubleshooting ................................................................................................... 242
30.1 Problems Starting Up the Prestige .................................................................242
30.2 Problems with the LAN LED ...........................................................................242
30.3 Problems with the DSL LED ...........................................................................243
30.4 Problems with the LAN Interface ....................................................................243
30.5 Problems with the WAN Interface ..................................................................243
30.6 Problems with Internet Access .......................................................................244
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Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
30.7 Problems with the Password ..........................................................................244
30.8 Problems with the Web Configurator .............................................................245
30.9 Problems with Remote Management .............................................................245
Appendix A
Splitters and Microfilters ..................................................................................... 246
Connecting a POTS Splitter ................................................................................... 246
Telephone Microfilters ............................................................................................ 246
Prestige With ISDN ................................................................................................ 247
Appendix B
Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address............................................................ 248
Windows 95/98/Me................................................................................................. 248
Installing Components ..................................................................................... 249
Configuring ...................................................................................................... 250
Verifying Settings............................................................................................. 251
Windows 2000/NT/XP ............................................................................................ 251
Verifying Settings............................................................................................. 255
Macintosh OS 8/9................................................................................................... 255
Verifying Settings............................................................................................. 257
Macintosh OS X ..................................................................................................... 257
Verifying Settings............................................................................................. 258
Appendix C
IP Subnetting ........................................................................................................ 260
IP Addressing......................................................................................................... 260
IP Classes .............................................................................................................. 260
Subnet Masks ........................................................................................................ 261
Subnetting .............................................................................................................. 261
Example: Two Subnets .......................................................................................... 262
Example: Four Subnets.......................................................................................... 264
Example Eight Subnets.......................................................................................... 265
Subnetting With Class A and Class B Networks. ................................................... 266
Appendix D
PPPoE ................................................................................................................... 268
PPPoE in Action..................................................................................................... 268
Benefits of PPPoE.................................................................................................. 268
Traditional Dial-up Scenario................................................................................... 268
How PPPoE Works ................................................................................................ 269
Prestige as a PPPoE Client ................................................................................... 269
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Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
Appendix E
Virtual Circuit Topology ......................................................................................270
............................................................................................................................... 270
Appendix F
Command Interpreter........................................................................................... 272
Command Syntax................................................................................................... 272
Command Usage ................................................................................................... 272
Appendix G
Log Descriptions.................................................................................................. 274
Index...................................................................................................................... 280
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Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
List of Figures
Figure 1 Prestige Internet Access Application .................................................................... 35
Figure 2 Prestige LAN-to-LAN Application .......................................................................... 36
Figure 3 Password Screen .................................................................................................. 38
Figure 4 Change Password at Login ................................................................................... 39
Figure 5 Web Configurator: Site Map Screen ................................................................... 40
Figure 6 Internet Access Wizard Setup: First Screen ......................................................... 44
Figure 7 Internet Connection with PPPoE ........................................................................... 47
Figure 8 Internet Connection with RFC 1483 ..................................................................... 48
Figure 9 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP ............................................................... 48
Figure 10 Internet Connection with PPPoA ......................................................................... 49
Figure 11 Internet Access Wizard Setup: Third Screen ...................................................... 51
Figure 12 Internet Access Wizard Setup: LAN Configuration ............................................. 52
Figure 13 Internet Access Wizard Setup: Connection Tests ............................................... 53
Figure 14 Password ............................................................................................................ 54
Figure 15 LAN and WAN IP Addresses .............................................................................. 56
Figure 16 Any IP Example .................................................................................................. 60
Figure 17 LAN Setup ........................................................................................................... 61
Figure 18 Example of Traffic Shaping ................................................................................. 66
Figure 19 WAN Setup (PPPoE) .......................................................................................... 67
Figure 20 Traffic Redirect Example ..................................................................................... 70
Figure 21 Traffic Redirect LAN Setup ................................................................................. 70
Figure 22 WAN Backup ....................................................................................................... 71
Figure 23 How NAT Works .................................................................................................. 76
Figure 24 NAT Application With IP Alias ............................................................................. 76
Figure 25 Multiple Servers Behind NAT Example ............................................................... 79
Figure 26 NAT Mode ........................................................................................................... 80
Figure 27 Edit SUA/NAT Server Set ................................................................................... 81
Figure 28 Address Mapping Rules ...................................................................................... 82
Figure 29 Address Mapping Rule Edit ................................................................................ 83
Figure 30 Dynamic DNS ..................................................................................................... 87
Figure 31 Time and Date ..................................................................................................... 88
Figure 32 Telnet Configuration on a TCP/IP Network ......................................................... 91
Figure 33 Remote Management ......................................................................................... 92
Figure 34 Configuring UPnP ............................................................................................... 95
Figure 35 Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication ................................. 96
Figure 36 Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication: Components .......... 97
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Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
Figure 37 Network Connections .......................................................................................... 97
Figure 38 Windows Optional Networking Components Wizard .......................................... 98
Figure 39 Networking Services ........................................................................................... 99
Figure 40 Network Connections .......................................................................................... 100
Figure 41 Internet Connection Properties .......................................................................... 101
Figure 42 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings ........................................... 102
Figure 43 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings: Add ................................... 102
Figure 44 System Tray Icon ................................................................................................ 103
Figure 45 Internet Connection Status .................................................................................. 103
Figure 46 Network Connections .......................................................................................... 104
Figure 47 Network Connections: My Network Places ......................................................... 105
Figure 48 Network Connections: My Network Places: Properties: Example ....................... 106
Figure 49 System Status ..................................................................................................... 109
Figure 50 System Status: Show Statistics ........................................................................... 110
Figure 51 DHCP Table ........................................................................................................ 112
Figure 52 Any IP Table ........................................................................................................ 112
Figure 53 Diagnostic: General ............................................................................................ 114
Figure 54 Diagnostic: DSL Line .......................................................................................... 115
Figure 55 Firmware Upgrade .............................................................................................. 116
Figure 56 Network Temporarily Disconnected .................................................................... 117
Figure 57 Error Message .................................................................................................... 117
Figure 58 Login Screen ....................................................................................................... 119
Figure 59 Prestige SMT Menu Overview ............................................................................ 119
Figure 60 Menu 23 Change Password ................................................................................ 122
Figure 61 Menu 1 General Setup ........................................................................................ 125
Figure 62 Menu 1.1 Configure Dynamic DNS .................................................................... 126
Figure 63 Menu 2 WAN Backup Setup ............................................................................... 128
Figure 64 Menu 2.1Traffic Redirect Setup ........................................................................... 130
Figure 65 Menu 3 LAN Setup .............................................................................................. 132
Figure 66 Menu 3.1 LAN Port Filter Setup .......................................................................... 132
Figure 67 Menu 3.2 TCP/IP and DHCP Ethernet Setup ..................................................... 133
Figure 68 IP Alias Network Example ................................................................................... 137
Figure 69 Menu 3.2 TCP/IP and DHCP Setup ................................................................... 137
Figure 70 Menu 3.2.1 IP Alias Setup .................................................................................. 138
Figure 71 Menu 1 General Setup ........................................................................................ 139
Figure 72 Menu 4 Internet Access Setup ............................................................................ 140
Figure 73 Menu 11 Remote Node Setup ............................................................................. 143
Figure 74 Menu 11.1 Remote Node Profile ........................................................................ 144
Figure 75 Menu 11.3 Remote Node Network Layer Options .............................................. 146
Figure 76 Sample IP Addresses for a TCP/IP LAN-to-LAN Connection ............................. 148
Figure 77 Menu 11.5 Remote Node Filter (RFC 1483 or ENET Encapsulation) ................. 148
Figure 78 Menu 11.5 Remote Node Filter (PPPoA or PPPoE Encapsulation) ................... 149
Figure 79 Internet Security .................................................................................................. 149
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Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
Figure 80 Menu 21 Filer Set Configuration ......................................................................... 150
Figure 81 Menu 21.11 WebSet 11 ....................................................................................... 150
Figure 82 Menu 21.12 WebSet 12 ...................................................................................... 151
Figure 83 Menu 11.6 for VC-based Multiplexing ................................................................. 152
Figure 84 Menu 11.6 for LLC-based Multiplexing or PPP Encapsulation ............................ 152
Figure 85 Menu 11.1 Remote Node Profile ......................................................................... 153
Figure 86 Menu 11.8 Advance Setup Options .................................................................... 153
Figure 87 Sample Static Routing Topology ......................................................................... 154
Figure 88 Menu 12 Static Route Setup ............................................................................... 155
Figure 89 Menu 12.1 IP Static Route Setup ........................................................................ 155
Figure 90 Menu12.1.1 Edit IP Static Route ......................................................................... 155
Figure 91 Menu 11.1 Remote Node Profile ......................................................................... 159
Figure 92 Menu 11.3 Remote Node Network Layer Options .............................................. 159
Figure 93 Menu 12.3.1 Edit Bridge Static Route ................................................................. 160
Figure 94 Menu 4 Applying NAT for Internet Access .......................................................... 163
Figure 95 Applying NAT in Menus 4 & 11.3 ......................................................................... 163
Figure 96 Menu 15 NAT Setup .......................................................................................... 164
Figure 97 Menu 15.1 Address Mapping Sets ...................................................................... 165
Figure 98 Menu 15.1.255 SUA Address Mapping Rules .................................................... 165
Figure 99 Menu 15.1.1 First Set .......................................................................................... 166
Figure 100 Menu 15.1.1.1 Editing/Configuring an Individual Rule in a Set ........................ 168
Figure 101 Menu 15.2 NAT Server Setup ........................................................................... 169
Figure 102 Menu 15.2.1 NAT Server Setup ........................................................................ 169
Figure 103 Multiple Servers Behind NAT Example ............................................................. 170
Figure 104 NAT Example 1 ................................................................................................. 170
Figure 105 Menu 4 Internet Access & NAT Example .......................................................... 171
Figure 106 NAT Example 2 ................................................................................................. 171
Figure 107 Menu 15.2.1 Specifying an Inside Server ......................................................... 172
Figure 108 NAT Example 3 ................................................................................................. 173
Figure 109 Example 3: Menu 11.3 ...................................................................................... 173
Figure 110 Example 3: Menu 15.1.1.1 ................................................................................ 174
Figure 111 Example 3: Final Menu 15.1.1 ........................................................................... 174
Figure 112 Example 3: Menu 15.2.1 ................................................................................... 175
Figure 113 NAT Example 4 ................................................................................................. 175
Figure 114 Example 4: Menu 15.1.1.1 Address Mapping Rule ........................................... 176
Figure 115 Example 4: Menu 15.1.1 Address Mapping Rules ............................................ 176
Figure 116 Outgoing Packet Filtering Process .................................................................... 178
Figure 117 Filter Rule Process ............................................................................................ 179
Figure 118 Menu 21 Filter Set Configuration ...................................................................... 180
Figure 119 NetBIOS_WAN Filter Rules Summary ............................................................. 180
Figure 120 NetBIOS_LAN Filter Rules Summary .............................................................. 181
Figure 121 Menu 21.x.1 TCP/IP Filter Rule ........................................................................ 183
Figure 122 Executing an IP Filter ........................................................................................ 185
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Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
Figure 123 Menu 21.5.1 Generic Filter Rule ...................................................................... 186
Figure 124 Protocol and Device Filter Sets ......................................................................... 187
Figure 125 Sample Telnet Filter .......................................................................................... 188
Figure 126 Menu 21.6.1 Sample Filter ............................................................................... 189
Figure 127 Menu 21.6.1 Sample Filter Rules Summary ..................................................... 189
Figure 128 Filtering Ethernet Traffic .................................................................................... 190
Figure 129 Filtering Remote Node Traffic ........................................................................... 191
Figure 130 SNMP Management Model ............................................................................... 192
Figure 131 Menu 22 SNMP Configuration .......................................................................... 193
Figure 132 Menu 24 System Maintenance ......................................................................... 196
Figure 133 Menu 24.1 System Maintenance : Status ......................................................... 197
Figure 134 Menu 24.2 System Information and Console Port Speed ................................. 198
Figure 135 Menu 24.2.1 System Maintenance: Information ............................................... 199
Figure 136 Menu 24.2.2 System Maintenance : Change Console Port Speed ................... 200
Figure 137 Menu 24.3 System Maintenance: Log and Trace ............................................. 200
Figure 138 Sample Error and Information Messages ......................................................... 201
Figure 139 Menu 24.3.2 System Maintenance: Syslog and Accounting ............................. 201
Figure 140 Syslog Example ................................................................................................ 202
Figure 141 Menu 24.4 System Maintenance : Diagnostic ................................................... 204
Figure 142 Telnet in Menu 24.5 ........................................................................................... 208
Figure 143 FTP Session Example ...................................................................................... 209
Figure 144 Telnet into Menu 24.6 ........................................................................................ 212
Figure 145 Restore Using FTP Session Example ............................................................... 212
Figure 146 Telnet Into Menu 24.7.1 Upload System Firmware .......................................... 213
Figure 147 Telnet Into Menu 24.7.2 System Maintenance ................................................. 214
Figure 148 FTP Session Example of Firmware File Upload ............................................... 215
Figure 149 Command Mode in Menu 24 ............................................................................. 218
Figure 150 Valid Commands ............................................................................................... 218
Figure 151 Menu 24.9 System Maintenance: Call Control .................................................. 219
Figure 152 Menu 24.9.1 System Maintenance: Budget Management ................................ 219
Figure 153 Menu 24 System Maintenance ......................................................................... 220
Figure 154 Menu 24.10 System Maintenance: Time and Date Setting ............................... 221
Figure 155 Menu 24.11 Remote Management Control ....................................................... 225
Figure 156 Menu 25 IP Routing Policy Setup ..................................................................... 229
Figure 157 Menu 25.1 IP Routing Policy Setup .................................................................. 230
Figure 158 Menu 25.1.1 IP Routing Policy .......................................................................... 231
Figure 159 Menu 3.2 TCP/IP and DHCP Ethernet Setup ................................................... 233
Figure 160 Menu 11.3 Remote Node Network Layer Options ............................................ 233
Figure 161 Example of IP Policy Routing ........................................................................... 234
Figure 162 IP Routing Policy Example 1 ............................................................................. 234
Figure 163 IP Routing Policy Example 2 ............................................................................. 235
Figure 164 Applying IP Policies Example ........................................................................... 236
Figure 165 Menu 26 Schedule Setup .................................................................................. 238
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Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
Figure 166 Menu 26.1 Schedule Set Setup ....................................................................... 239
Figure 167 Applying Schedule Set(s) to a Remote Node (PPPoE) .................................... 240
Figure 168 Connecting a POTS Splitter .............................................................................. 246
Figure 169 Connecting a Microfilter .................................................................................... 247
Figure 170 Prestige with ISDN ............................................................................................ 247
Figure 171 WIndows 95/98/Me: Network: Configuration ..................................................... 249
Figure 172 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: IP Address ......................................... 250
Figure 173 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: DNS Configuration ............................ 251
Figure 174 Windows XP: Start Menu .................................................................................. 252
Figure 175 Windows XP: Control Panel .............................................................................. 252
Figure 176 Windows XP: Control Panel: Network Connections: Properties ....................... 253
Figure 177 Windows XP: Local Area Connection Properties .............................................. 253
Figure 178 Windows XP: Advanced TCP/IP Settings ......................................................... 254
Figure 179 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties ......................................... 255
Figure 180 Macintosh OS 8/9: Apple Menu ........................................................................ 256
Figure 181 Macintosh OS 8/9: TCP/IP ................................................................................ 256
Figure 182 Macintosh OS X: Apple Menu ........................................................................... 257
Figure 183 Macintosh OS X: Network ................................................................................. 258
Figure 184 Single-Computer per Router Hardware Configuration ...................................... 269
Figure 185 Prestige as a PPPoE Client .............................................................................. 269
Figure 186 Virtual Circuit Topology ..................................................................................... 270
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Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
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Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
List of Tables
Table 1 ADSL Standards .................................................................................................... 30
Table 2 Front Panel LED Description ................................................................................. 36
Table 3 Web Configurator Screens Summary .................................................................... 40
Table 4 Internet Access Wizard Setup: First Screen .......................................................... 44
Table 5 Internet Connection with PPPoE .......................................................................... 47
Table 6 Internet Connection with RFC 1483 ...................................................................... 48
Table 7 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP ................................................................ 49
Table 8 Internet Connection with PPPoA ........................................................................... 50
Table 9 Internet Access Wizard Setup: LAN Configuration ................................................ 52
Table 10 Password .............................................................................................................54
Table 11 LAN Setup ........................................................................................................... 61
Table 12 WAN Setup .......................................................................................................... 67
Table 13 WAN Backup ....................................................................................................... 71
Table 14 NAT Definitions .................................................................................................... 74
Table 15 NAT Mapping Types ............................................................................................ 77
Table 16 Services and Port Numbers ................................................................................. 78
Table 17 NAT Mode ............................................................................................................ 80
Table 18 Edit SUA/NAT Server Set .................................................................................... 81
Table 19 Address Mapping Rules ...................................................................................... 82
Table 20 Address Mapping Rule Edit ................................................................................. 84
Table 21 Dynamic DNS ...................................................................................................... 87
Table 22 Time and Date ..................................................................................................... 89
Table 23 Remote Management .......................................................................................... 92
Table 24 Configuring UPnP ................................................................................................ 95
Table 25 System Status ...................................................................................................... 109
Table 26 System Status: Show Statistics ........................................................................... 111
Table 27 DHCP Table ......................................................................................................... 112
Table 28 Any IP Table ........................................................................................................ 112
Table 29 Diagnostic: General ............................................................................................. 114
Table 30 Diagnostic: DSL Line ........................................................................................... 115
Table 31 Firmware Upgrade ............................................................................................... 116
Table 32 Navigating the SMT Interface .............................................................................. 120
Table 33 SMT Main Menu .................................................................................................. 121
Table 34 Main Menu Summary .......................................................................................... 121
Table 35 Menu 1 General Setup ........................................................................................ 125
Table 36 Menu 1.1 Configure Dynamic DNS ..................................................................... 126
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Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
Table 37 Menu 2 WAN Backup Setup ................................................................................ 129
Table 38 Menu 2.1Traffic Redirect Setup ........................................................................... 130
Table 39 DHCP Ethernet Setup ......................................................................................... 134
Table 40 TCP/IP Ethernet Setup ........................................................................................ 134
Table 41 Menu 3.2.1 IP Alias Setup ................................................................................... 138
Table 42 Menu 4 Internet Access Setup ............................................................................ 140
Table 43 Menu 11.1 Remote Node Profile ......................................................................... 144
Table 44 Menu 11.3 Remote Node Network Layer Options ............................................... 146
Table 45 Menu 11.8 Advance Setup Options ..................................................................... 153
Table 46 Menu12.1.1 Edit IP Static Route .......................................................................... 156
Table 47 Remote Node Network Layer Options: Bridge Fields .......................................... 159
Table 48 Menu 12.3.1 Edit Bridge Static Route .................................................................. 160
Table 49 Applying NAT in Menus 4 & 11.3 ......................................................................... 164
Table 50 SUA Address Mapping Rules .............................................................................. 165
Table 51 Menu 15.1.1 First Set .......................................................................................... 167
Table 52 Menu 15.1.1.1 Editing/Configuring an Individual Rule in a Set .......................... 168
Table 53 Abbreviations Used in the Filter Rules Summary Menu ...................................... 181
Table 54 Rule Abbreviations Used ..................................................................................... 182
Table 55 Menu 21.x.1 TCP/IP Filter Rule ........................................................................... 183
Table 56 Menu 21.1.5.1 Generic Filter Rule ....................................................................... 186
Table 57 Filter Sets Table ................................................................................................... 190
Table 58 Menu 22 SNMP Configuration ............................................................................. 194
Table 59 SNMP Traps ........................................................................................................ 194
Table 60 Ports and Permanent Virtual Circuits ................................................................... 195
Table 61 Menu 24.1 System Maintenance : Status ............................................................ 197
Table 62 Menu 24.2.1 System Maintenance: Information .................................................. 199
Table 63 Menu 24.3.2 System Maintenance : Syslog and Accounting .............................. 201
Table 64 Menu 24.4 System Maintenance Menu: Diagnostic ............................................ 204
Table 65 Filename Conventions ......................................................................................... 207
Table 66 General Commands for GUI-based FTP Clients ................................................. 209
Table 67 General Commands for GUI-based TFTP Clients ............................................... 211
Table 68 Menu 24.9.1 System Maintenance : Budget Management .................................. 220
Table 69 Menu 24.10 System Maintenance: Time and Date Setting ................................ 221
Table 70 Menu 24.11 Remote Management Control .......................................................... 225
Table 71 Menu 25.1 IP Routing Policy Setup ..................................................................... 230
Table 72 Menu 25.1.1 IP Routing Policy ............................................................................ 231
Table 73 Menu 26.1 Schedule Set Setup ........................................................................... 239
Table 74 Troubleshooting the Start-Up of Your Prestige .................................................... 242
Table 75 Troubleshooting the LAN LED ............................................................................. 242
Table 76 Troubleshooting the DSL LED ............................................................................. 243
Table 77 Troubleshooting the LAN Interface ...................................................................... 243
Table 78 Troubleshooting the WAN Interface ..................................................................... 243
Table 79 Troubleshooting Internet Access ......................................................................... 244
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Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
Table 80 Troubleshooting the Password ............................................................................ 244
Table 81 Troubleshooting the Web Configurator ................................................................ 245
Table 82 Troubleshooting Remote Management ............................................................... 245
Table 83 Classes of IP Addresses ..................................................................................... 260
Table 84 Allowed IP Address Range By Class ................................................................... 261
Table 85 “Natural” Masks .................................................................................................. 261
Table 86 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation ....................................................................... 262
Table 87 Two Subnets Example ......................................................................................... 262
Table 88 Subnet 1 .............................................................................................................. 263
Table 89 Subnet 2 .............................................................................................................. 263
Table 90 Subnet 1 .............................................................................................................. 264
Table 91 Subnet 2 .............................................................................................................. 264
Table 92 Subnet 3 .............................................................................................................. 264
Table 93 Subnet 4 .............................................................................................................. 265
Table 94 Eight Subnets ...................................................................................................... 265
Table 95 Class C Subnet Planning ..................................................................................... 265
Table 96 Class B Subnet Planning ..................................................................................... 266
Table 97 System Maintenance Logs .................................................................................. 274
Table 98 System Error Logs ............................................................................................... 275
Table 99 Packet Filter Logs ................................................................................................ 275
Table 100 ICMP Logs ......................................................................................................... 275
Table 101 CDR Logs .......................................................................................................... 275
Table 102 PPP Logs ........................................................................................................... 276
Table 103 ICMP Notes ....................................................................................................... 276
Table 104 Syslog Logs ....................................................................................................... 277
Table 105 RFC-2408 ISAKMP Payload Types ................................................................... 277
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Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
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Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
Preface
Congratulations on your purchase of the Prestige 660RU-Tx ADSL2+ Ethernet/USB
Gateway.
Note: Register your product online to receive e-mail notices of firmware
upgrades and information at www.zyxel.com
www.us.zyxel.com
Your Prestige is easy to install and configure.
for North American products.
About This User's Guide
This manual is designed to guide you through the configuration of your Prestige for its various
applications. The web configurator parts of this guide contain background information on
features configurable by web configurator. The SMT parts of this guide contain background
information solely on features not configurable by web configurator.
for global products, or at
Note: Use the web configurator, System Management Terminal (SMT) or
command interpreter interface to configure your Prestige. Not all features
can be configured through all interfaces.
Syntax Conventions
• “Enter” means for you to type one or more characters. “Select” or “Choose” means for
you to use one predefined choices.
• The SMT menu titles and labels are in Bold Times New Roman font. Predefined field
choices are in Bold Arial font. Command and arrow keys are enclosed in square
brackets. [ENTER] means the Enter, or carriage return key; [ESC] means the Escape key
and [SPACE BAR] means the Space Bar.
• Mouse action sequences are denoted using a comma. For example, “click the Apple icon,
Control Panels and then Modem” means first click the Apple icon, then point your
mouse pointer to Control Panels and then click Modem.
• For brevity’s sake, we will use “e.g.,” as a shorthand for “for instance”, and “i.e.,” for
“that is” or “in other words” throughout this manual.
• The Prestige 660RU-Tx series may be referred to as the Prestige in this user’s guide. This
refers to both models (ADSL over POTS and ADSL over ISDN) unless specifically
identified.
Related Documentation
• Supporting Disk
Refer to the included CD for support documents.
• Quick Start Guide
Preface 26
Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
The Quick Start Guide is designed to help you get up and running right away. They
contain connection information and instructions on getting started.
• Web Configurator Online Help
Embedded web help for descriptions of individual screens and supplementary
information.
• ZyXEL Glossary and Web Site
Please refer to www.zyxel.com for an online glossary of networking terms and additional
support documentation.
User Guide Feedback
Help us help you. E-mail all User Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for
improvement to techwriters@zyxel.com.tw or send regular mail to The Technical Writing
Team, ZyXEL Communications Corp., 6 Innovation Road II, Science-Based Industrial Park,
Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan. Thank you.
Graphics Icons Key
Prestige Computer Notebook computer
Server DSLAM Telephone
Router Switch
27 Preface
Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
Introduction to DSL
DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) technology enhances the data capacity of the existing twistedpair wire that runs between the local telephone company switching offices and most homes
and offices. While the wire itself can handle higher frequencies, the telephone switching
equipment is designed to cut off signals above 4,000 Hz to filter noise off the voice line, but
now everybody is searching for ways to get more bandwidth to improve access to the Web hence DSL technologies.
There are actually seven types of DSL service, ranging in speeds from 16 Kbits/sec to 52
Mbits/sec. The services are either symmetrical (traffic flows at the same speed in both
directions), or asymmetrical (the downstream capacity is higher than the upstream capacity).
Asymmetrical services (ADSL) are suitable for Internet users because more information is
usually downloaded than uploaded. For example, a simple button click in a web browser can
start an extended download that includes graphics and text.
As data rates increase, the carrying distance decreases. That means that users who are beyond
a certain distance from the telephone company’s central office may not be able to obtain the
higher speeds.
A DSL connection is a point-to-point dedicated circuit, meaning that the link is always up and
there is no dialing required.
Introduction to ADSL
It is an asymmetrical technology, meaning that the downstream data rate is much higher than
the upstream data rate. As mentioned, this works well for a typical Internet session in which
more information is downloaded, for example, from Web servers, than is uploaded. ADSL
operates in a frequency range that is above the frequency range of voice services, so the two
systems can operate over the same cable.
Introduction to DSL 28
Prestige 660RU-Tx Series User’s Guide
29 Introduction to DSL
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