ZyXEL Communications 50, 10 User Manual

ZyWALL 10/50

Internet Security Gateway

User’s Guide

Version 3.50

May 2002

ZYWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

Copyright

Copyright © 2002 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation.

The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed, stored in a

retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,

mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or otherwise, without the prior written

permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation.

Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. All rights reserved.

Disclaimer

ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or software

described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the patent rights of others.

ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products described herein without notice. This

publication is subject to change without notice.

Trademarks

ZyNOS (ZyXEL Network Operating System) is a registered trademark of ZyXEL Communications, Inc.

Other trademarks mentioned in this publication are used for identification purposes only and may be

properties of their respective owners.

ii Copyright

ZYWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

Federal Communications Commission

(FCC) Interference Statement

This device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:

• This device may not cause harmful interference.

• This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired

operations.

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to

Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful

interference in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency

energy, and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to

radio communications.

If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio/television reception, which can be determined by

turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of

the following measures:

1. Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

2. Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.

3. Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.

4. Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

Notice 1

Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the

user's authority to operate the equipment.

FCC iii

ZYWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

Information for Canadian Users

The Industry Canada label identifies certified equipment. This certification means that the equipment meets

certain telecommunications network protective operation and safety requirements. The Industry Canada

label does not guarantee that the equipment will operate to a user's satisfaction.

Before installing this equipment, users should ensure that it is permissible to be connected to the facilities

of the local telecommunications company. The equipment must also be installed using an acceptable

method of connection. In some cases, the company's inside wiring associated with a single line individual

service may be extended by means of a certified connector assembly. The customer should be aware that

compliance with the above conditions may not prevent degradation of service in some situations.

Repairs to certified equipment should be made by an authorized Canadian maintenance facility designated

by the supplier. Any repairs or alterations made by the user to this equipment, or equipment malfunctions,

may give the telecommunications company cause to request the user to disconnect the equipment.

For their own protection, users should ensure that the electrical ground connections of the power utility,

telephone lines, and internal metallic water pipe system, if present, are connected together. This precaution

may be particularly important in rural areas.

Caution

Users should not attempt to make such connections themselves, but should contact the appropriate electrical

inspection authority, or electrician, as appropriate.

Note

This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class A limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus

set out in the radio interference regulations of Industry Canada.

iv Information for Canadian Users

Standard

• EN 55022

• EN 61000-3-2

• EN 61000-3-3

• EN 61000-4-2

• EN 61000-4-3

• EN 61000-4-4

• EN 61000-4-5

• EN 61000-4-6

• EN 61000-4-8

• EN 61000-4-11

ZYWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

Declaration of Conformity

We, the Manufacturer/Importer,

ZyXEL Communications Corp.

No. 6, Innovation Rd. II,

Science-Based Industrial Park,

Hsinchu, Taiwan, 300 R.O.C

declare that the product

ZYWALL 10/50

is in conformity with

(reference to the specification under which conformity is declared)

Standard Item

Radio disturbance characteristics — Limits and method of
measurement.

Disturbance in supply system caused by household appliances
and similar electrical equipment “Harmonics”.

Disturbance in supply system caused by household appliances
and similar electrical equipment “Voltage fluctuations”.

Electrostatic discharge immunity test — Basic EMC Publication 1995
Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test 1996
Electrical fast transient / burst immunity test - Basic EMC

Publication
Surge immunity test 1995
Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency

fields
1993
Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity

tests

Version

1994

1995

1995

1995

1996

1994

Certifications

Refer to the product page at www.zyxel.com

.

Declaration of Conformity v

ZYWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

ZyXEL Limited Warranty

ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects in materials or
workmanship for a period of up to two years from the date of purchase. During the warranty period, and upon
proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure due to faulty workmanship and/or materials,
ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or replace the defective products or components without charge for
either parts or labor, and to whatever extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or components to
proper operating condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured functionally
equivalent product of equal value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL. This warranty shall not
apply if the product is modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or subjected to
abnormal working conditions.

Note

Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the purchaser. This
warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any implied warranty of
merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in no event be held liable for indirect
or consequential damages of any kind of character to the purchaser.
To obtain the services of this warranty, contact ZyXEL's Service Center for your Return Material
Authorization number (RMA). Products must be returned Postage Prepaid. It is recommended that the unit be
insured when shipped. Any returned products without proof of purchase or those with an out-dated warranty
will be repaired or replaced (at the discretion of ZyXEL) and the customer will be billed for parts and labor.
All repaired or replaced products will be shipped by ZyXEL to the corresponding return address, Postage
Paid. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights that vary from country
to country.

Online Registration

Register online at www.zyxel.com

vi ZyXEL Limited Warranty

for free future product updates and information.

ZYWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

Customer Support

Please have the following information ready when you contact customer support.

• Product model and serial number.

• Information in Menu 24.2.1 – System Information.

• Warranty Information.

• Date that you received your device.

• Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it.

METHOD

LOCATION

E-MAIL

SUPPORT/SALES

TELEPHONE/FAX WEB SITE/ FTP SITE REGULAR MAIL

WORLDWIDE

NORTH
AMERICA

SCANDINAVIA

GERMANY

MALAYSIA

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail]

[e-mail]

[e-mail]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.dk

[e-mail]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.de

[e-mail]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.com.my

[e-mail]

[phone] ftp.europe.zyxel.com

[phone]
800-255-4101

[phone] ftp.zyxel.com

[phone] ftp.zyxel.dk

[phone]

[phone]

www.zyxel.com
www.europe.zyxel.com

www.zyxel.com

ZyXEL Communications Corp.,
6 Innovation Road II, Science­Based Industrial Park, Hsinchu
300, Taiwan

ZyXEL Communications Inc.,
1650 Miraloma Avenue,
Placentia, CA 92870, U.S.A.

ZyXEL Communications A/S,
Columbusvej 5, 2860 Soeborg,
Denmark

ZyXEL Deutschland GmbH.
Adenauerstr. 20/A4 D-52146
Wuerselen, Germany

Lot B2-06, PJ Industrial Park,
Section 13, Jalan Kemajuan,
46200 Petaling Jaya Selangor
Darul Ehasn, Malaysia

Customer Support vii

ZYWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

Table of Contents

Copyright .....................................................................................................................................................ii

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement .................................................iii

Information for Canadian Users ............................................................................................................... iv

ZyXEL Limited Warranty .........................................................................................................................vi

Customer Support .....................................................................................................................................vii

List of Figures ...........................................................................................................................................xvi

List of Tables ...........................................................................................................................................xxiii

List of Diagrams ....................................................................................................................................xxvii

Preface .....................................................................................................................................................xxix

GETTING STARTED...................................................................................................................................... I

Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your ZyWALL ...........................................................................................1-1

1.1 The ZyWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway.........................................................................1-1

1.2 Features.......................................................................................................................................1-1

1.3 Applications ................................................................................................................................1-4

1.3.1 Secure Broadband Internet Access via Cable or DSL Modem ...........................................1-4

1.3.2 VPN Application.................................................................................................................1-5

Chapter 2 Hardware Installation ............................................................................................................2-1

2.1 Front Panel LEDs and Back Panel Ports .....................................................................................2-1

2.1.1 Front Panel LEDs................................................................................................................2-1

2.2 ZyWALL Rear Panel and Connections.......................................................................................2-2

2.3 Additional Installation Requirements..........................................................................................2-6

Chapter 3 Initial Setup.............................................................................................................................3-1

viii Table of Contents

ZYWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

3.1 Turning On Your ZyWALL ....................................................................................................... 3-1

3.1.1 Initial Screen....................................................................................................................... 3-1

3.1.2 Entering the Password ........................................................................................................ 3-1

3.2 Navigating the SMT Interface .................................................................................................... 3-2

3.2.1 Main Menu ......................................................................................................................... 3-3

3.2.2 System Management Terminal Interface Summary ........................................................... 3-3

3.2.3 SMT Menus at a Glance .....................................................................................................3-5

3.3 Changing the System Password.................................................................................................. 3-7

3.4 Resetting the ZyWALL .............................................................................................................. 3-8

3.4.1 Methods of Restoring Factory-Defaults ............................................................................. 3-8

3.4.2 Procedure To Use The Reset Button .................................................................................. 3-9

Chapter 4 General And WAN Setup....................................................................................................... 4-1

4.1 System Name.............................................................................................................................. 4-1

4.2 Dynamic DNS ............................................................................................................................ 4-1

4.2.1 DYNDNS Wildcard............................................................................................................ 4-2

4.3 General Setup ............................................................................................................................. 4-2

4.4 WAN Setup ................................................................................................................................ 4-5

Chapter 5 LAN Setup.............................................................................................................................. 5-1

5.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 5-1

5.2 LAN Port Filter Setup ................................................................................................................ 5-1

5.3 TCP/IP and DHCP for LAN....................................................................................................... 5-1

5.3.1 Factory LAN Defaults ........................................................................................................ 5-2

5.3.2 DHCP Configuration .......................................................................................................... 5-2

5.3.3 IP Address and Subnet Mask.............................................................................................. 5-2

5.3.4 Private IP Addresses........................................................................................................... 5-3

5.3.5 RIP Setup............................................................................................................................ 5-4

5.3.6 IP Multicast ........................................................................................................................ 5-4

Table of Contents ix

ZYWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

5.3.7 IP Alias................................................................................................................................5-5

5.4 TCP/IP and DHCP Ethernet Setup Menu....................................................................................5-5

5.4.1 IP Alias Setup......................................................................................................................5-7

Chapter 6 Internet Access ........................................................................................................................6-1

6.1 Internet Access Setup..................................................................................................................6-1

6.1.1 Ethernet Encapsulation........................................................................................................6-1

6.1.2 PPTP Encapsulation............................................................................................................6-2

6.1.3 Configuring the PPTP Client ..............................................................................................6-3

6.1.4 PPPoE Encapsulation..........................................................................................................6-3

6.2 Basic Setup Complete .................................................................................................................6-5

ADVANCED APPLICATIONS......................................................................................................................II

Chapter 7 Remote Node Setup ................................................................................................................7-1

7.1 Remote Node Profile...................................................................................................................7-1

7.1.1 Ethernet Encapsulation........................................................................................................7-1

7.1.3 PPTP Encapsulation............................................................................................................7-5

7.2 Editing TCP/IP Options (with Ethernet Encapsulation)..............................................................7-7

7.2.1 Editing TCP/IP Options (with PPTP Encapsulation) ..........................................................7-8

7.2.2 Editing TCP/IP Options (with PPPoE Encapsulation) ......................................................7-10

7.3 Remote Node Filter...................................................................................................................7-10

Chapter 8 IP Static Route Setup..............................................................................................................8-1

8.1 IP Static Route Setup ..................................................................................................................8-2

Chapter 9 Network Address Translation (NAT) ....................................................................................9-1

9.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................9-1

9.1.1 NAT Definitions .................................................................................................................9-1

9.1.2 What NAT Does..................................................................................................................9-2

9.1.3 How NAT Works ................................................................................................................9-2

9.1.4 NAT Application.................................................................................................................9-3

x Table of Contents

ZYWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

9.1.5 NAT Mapping Types.......................................................................................................... 9-4

9.2 Using NAT ................................................................................................................................. 9-6

9.2.1 SUA (Single User Account) Versus NAT.......................................................................... 9-6

9.2.2 Applying NAT.................................................................................................................... 9-6

9.3 NAT Setup.................................................................................................................................. 9-8

9.3.1 Address Mapping Sets........................................................................................................ 9-8

9.4 NAT Server Sets – Port Forwarding......................................................................................... 9-13

9.4.1 Configuring a Server behind NAT ................................................................................... 9-14

9.5 General NAT Examples ........................................................................................................... 9-16

9.5.1 Internet Access Only ........................................................................................................ 9-16

9.5.2 Example 2: Internet Access with an Inside Server ........................................................... 9-17

9.5.3 Example 3: Multiple Public IP Addresses With Inside Servers........................................ 9-18

9.5.4 Example 4: NAT Unfriendly Application Programs........................................................ 9-22

FIREWALL AND CONTENT FILTERS ....................................................................................................III

Chapter 10 Firewalls.............................................................................................................................. 10-1

10.1 What Is a Firewall?............................................................................................................... 10-1

10.2 Types of Firewalls................................................................................................................ 10-1

10.2.1 Packet Filtering Firewalls ................................................................................................. 10-1

10.2.2 Application-level Firewalls ..............................................................................................10-1

10.2.3 Stateful Inspection Firewalls ............................................................................................10-2

10.3 Introduction to ZyXEL’s Firewall ........................................................................................ 10-2

10.4 Denial of Service.................................................................................................................. 10-3

10.4.1 Basics ............................................................................................................................... 10-3

10.4.2 Types of DoS Attacks....................................................................................................... 10-4

10.5 Stateful Inspection................................................................................................................ 10-7

10.5.1 Stateful Inspection Process............................................................................................... 10-8

10.5.2 Stateful Inspection and the ZyWALL............................................................................... 10-9

10.5.3 TCP Security .................................................................................................................. 10-10

Table of Contents xi

ZYWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

10.5.4 UDP/ICMP Security .......................................................................................................10-10

10.5.5 Upper Layer Protocols ....................................................................................................10-11

10.6 Guidelines For Enhancing Security With Your Firewall ....................................................10-11

10.6.1 Security In General .........................................................................................................10-12

10.7 Packet Filtering Vs Firewall................................................................................................10-12

10.7.1 Packet Filtering: ..............................................................................................................10-13

10.7.2 Firewall ...........................................................................................................................10-13

Chapter 11 Introducing the ZyWALL Firewall....................................................................................11-1

11.1 Remote Management and the Firewall..................................................................................11-1

11.2 Access Methods ....................................................................................................................11-1

11.3 Using ZyWALL SMT Menus ...............................................................................................11-1

11.3.1 Activating the Firewall......................................................................................................11-1

11.3.2 Viewing the Firewall Log .................................................................................................11-2

Chapter 12 Using the ZyWALL Web Configurator.............................................................................12-1

12.1 Web Configurator Login and Main Menu Screens ...............................................................12-1

12.2 Enabling the Firewall............................................................................................................12-2

12.3 E-mail....................................................................................................................................12-2

12.3.1 Alerts.................................................................................................................................12-2

12.3.2 Logs...................................................................................................................................12-3

12.3.3 SMTP Error Messages ......................................................................................................12-5

12.3.4 Example E-mail Log .........................................................................................................12-5

12.4 Attack Alert...........................................................................................................................12-6

12.4.1 Threshold Values ..............................................................................................................12-6

12.4.2 Half-Open Sessions...........................................................................................................12-7

Chapter 13 Creating Custom Rules ......................................................................................................13-1

13.1 Rules Overview.....................................................................................................................13-1

13.2 Rule Logic Overview............................................................................................................13-1

xii Table of Contents

ZYWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

13.2.1 Rule Checklist .................................................................................................................. 13-1

13.2.2 Security Ramifications ..................................................................................................... 13-2

13.2.3 Key Fields For Configuring Rules.................................................................................... 13-2

13.3 Connection Direction............................................................................................................ 13-3

13.3.1 LAN to WAN Rules .........................................................................................................13-3

13.3.2 WAN to LAN Rules .........................................................................................................13-4

13.4 Rule Summary...................................................................................................................... 13-4

13.5 Predefined Services .............................................................................................................. 13-7

13.5.1 Creating/Editing Firewall Rules ..................................................................................... 13-10

13.5.2 Source and Destination Addresses.................................................................................. 13-11

13.6 Timeout .............................................................................................................................. 13-13

13.6.1 Factors Influencing Choices for Timeout Values........................................................... 13-13

Chapter 14 Custom Ports...................................................................................................................... 14-1

14.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 14-1

14.2 Creating/Editing A Custom Port........................................................................................... 14-3

Chapter 15 Logs ..................................................................................................................................... 15-1

15.1 Log Screen............................................................................................................................ 15-1

Chapter 16 Example Firewall Rules..................................................................................................... 16-1

16.1 Examples .............................................................................................................................. 16-1

16.1.1 Example 1: Firewall Rule To Allow Web Service From The Internet ............................. 16-1

16.1.2 Example 2: Small Office With Mail, FTP and Web Servers ............................................ 16-6

16.1.3 Example 3: DHCP Negotiation and Syslog Connection from the Internet..................... 16-12

Chapter 17 Content Filtering................................................................................................................ 17-1

17.1 Categories............................................................................................................................. 17

Table of Contents xiii

Getting Started

Part I:

Getting Started

This part is structured as a step-by-step guide to help you connect, install and setup your ZyWALL

to operate on your network and access the Internet.

I

ZyWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

Chapter 1

Getting to Know Your ZyWALL

This chapter introduces the main features and applications of the ZyWALL.

1.1 The ZyWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

The ZyWALL 10/50 is a dual Ethernet Internet security gateway integrated with a robust firewall and
network management features designed for home offices and small businesses to access the Internet via
cable/ADSL modem or Internet router.
By integrating NAT, firewall and VPN capability, ZyXEL’s ZyWALL 10/50 provides not only ease of
installation and Internet access, but also a complete security solution that protects your Intranet and
efficiently manages data traffic on your network.
The ZyWALL web configurator is a breeze to operate and totally independent of the operating system
platform you use.

1.2 Features

The following are the main features of the ZyWALL 10/50.

Auto-negotiating 10/100Mbps Ethernet LAN

This auto-negotiation feature allows the ZyWALL to detect the speed of incoming transmissions and adjust
appropriately without manual intervention. It allows data transfer of either 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps in either
half-duplex or full-duplex mode depending on your Ethernet network.

IPSec VPN Capability

Establish a Virtual Private Network (VPN) to connect with business partners and branch offices using data
encryption and the Internet to provide secure communications without the expense of leased site-to-site lines.
The VPN is based on the IPSec standard and is fully interoperable with other IPSec-based VPN products.
The ZyWALL 10 supports up to 10 runtime SAs (Security Associations) and the ZyWALL 50 supports up to
50 runtime SAs.

Firewall

The ZyWALL is a stateful inspection firewall with DoS (Denial of Service) protection. By default, when the
firewall is activated, all incoming traffic from the WAN to the LAN is blocked unless it is initiated from the
LAN. The ZyWALL firewall supports TCP/UDP inspection, DoS detection and prevention, real time alerts,
reports and logs.

Getting to Know Your ZyWALL 1-1

ZyWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

You can configure most features of the ZyWALL via SMT but we recommend you

configure the firewall and Content Filters using the ZyWALL web configurator.

Content Filtering

The ZyWALL can block web features such as ActiveX controls, Java applets and cookies, as well as disable
web proxies. The ZyWALL can also block specific URLs by using the keyword feature.

Packet Filtering

The Packet Filtering mechanism blocks unwanted traffic from entering/leaving your network.

Call Scheduling

Configure call time periods to restrict and allow access for users on remote nodes.

PPPoE

PPPoE facilitates the interaction of a host with an Internet modem to achieve access to high-speed data
networks via a familiar "dial-up networking" user interface.

PPTP Encapsulation

Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) is a network protocol that enables secure transfer of data from a
remote client to a private server, creating a Virtual Private Network (VPN) using a TCP/IP-based network.
PPTP supports on-demand, multi-protocol and virtual private networking over public networks, such as the
Internet. The ZyWALL supports one PPTP server connection at any given time.

Dynamic DNS Support

With Dynamic DNS support, you can have a static hostname alias for a dynamic IP address, allowing the
host to be more easily accessible from various locations on the Internet. You must register for this service
with a Dynamic DNS client to use this service.

IP Multicast

Deliver IP packets to a specific group of hosts (only) using IP multicast. IGMP (Internet Group Management
Protocol) is the protocol used to support multicast groups. The latest version is version 2 (see RFC 2236); the
ZyWALL supports both versions 1 and 2.

IP Alias

IP Alias allows you to partition a physical network into logical networks over the same Ethernet interface.
The ZyWALL supports three logical LAN interfaces via its single physical Ethernet interface with the
ZyWALL itself as the gateway for each LAN network.

SNMP

SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is a protocol used for exchanging management information
between network devices. SNMP is a member of the TCP/IP protocol suite. Your ZyWALL supports SNMP
agent functionality, which allows a manager station to manage and monitor the ZyWALL through the
network. The ZyWALL supports SNMP version one (SNMPv1).

1-2 Getting to Know Your ZyWALL

ZyWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

Network Address Translation (NAT)

NAT (Network Address Translation - NAT, RFC 1631) allows the translation of an Internet Protocol address
used within one network to a different IP address known within another network.

Port Forwarding

Use this feature to forward incoming service requests to a server on your local network. You may enter a
single port number or a range of port numbers to be forwarded, and the local IP address of the desired server.

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) allows the individual clients (workstations) to obtain the
TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a centralized DHCP server. The ZyWALL has built-in DHCP server
capability, enabled by default, which means it can assign IP addresses, an IP default gateway and DNS
servers to Windows 9X, Windows NT and other systems that support the DHCP client. The ZyWALL can
now also act as a surrogate DHCP server (DHCP Relay) where it relays IP address assignment from the
actual real DHCP server to the clients.

Full Network Management

This feature allows you to access the SMT (System Management Terminal) through the console port or telnet
connection.

RoadRunner Support

In addition to standard cable modem services, the ZyWALL supports Time Warner’s RoadRunner Service.

Time and Date

The ZyWALL has a Real Time Chip (RTC) that keeps track of the time and date. The ZyWALL allows you
to get the current time and date from an external server when you turn on your ZyWALL. You can also set
the time manually.

Logging and Tracing

♦ Built-in message logging and packet tracing.
♦ Unix syslog facility support.

Upgrade ZyWALL Firmware via LAN

The firmware of the ZyWALL 10/50 can be upgraded via the LAN.

Embedded FTP and TFTP Servers

The ZyWALL’s embedded FTP and TFTP Servers enable fast firmware upgrades as well as configuration
file backups and restoration.

Getting to Know Your ZyWALL 1-3

ZyWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

1.3 Applications

1.3.1 Secure Broadband Internet Access via Cable or DSL Modem

A cable modem or xDSL modem can connect to the ZyWALL 10/50 for broadband Internet access via
Ethernet port on the modem. It provides not only high speed Internet access, but secured internal network
protection and management as well.

Figure 1-1 Secure Internet Access via Cable

Figure 1-2 Secure Internet Access via DSL

You can also use your xDSL modem in the bridge mode for always-on Internet access and high-speed data
transfer.

1-4 Getting to Know Your ZyWALL

ZyWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

1.3.2 VPN Application

ZyWALL VPN is an ideal cost-effective way to connect branch offices and business partners over the
Internet without the need (and expense) for leased lines between sites.

Figure 1-3 VPN Application

Getting to Know Your ZyWALL 1-5

ZyWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

Chapter 2

Hardware Installation

This chapter explains the LEDs and ports as well as how to connect the hardware and perform

the initial setup.

2.1 Front Panel LEDs and Back Panel Ports

2.1.1 Front Panel LEDs

The LEDs on the front panel indicate the operational status of the ZyWALL.

Figure 2-1 Front Panel

The following table describes LED functions.

Table 2-1 LED Descriptions

LED FUNCTION COLOR STATUS MEANING

PWR Power Green On The ZyWALL is turned on.

Off The ZyWALL is turned off.

SYS System

Green Off The 10M LAN is not connected. 10M LAN LAN

On The ZyWALL is connected to a 10M LAN.

Hardware Installation 2-1

Off The system is not ready or failed.

On The system is ready and running.

Flashing The system is rebooting.

ZyWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

Table 2-1 LED Descriptions

LED FUNCTION COLOR STATUS MEANING

Flashing The 10M LAN is sending/receiving packets.

100M
LAN

10M
WAN

100M
WAN
(ZyWALL

50)

LAN Orange

WAN Green

WAN Orange

Off The 100M LAN is not connected.

On The ZyWALL is connected to a 100Mbps LAN.

Flashing The 100M LAN is sending/receiving packets.

Off The 10M WAN is not connected.

On The ZyWALL is connected to a 10M WAN.

Flashing The 10M WAN is sending/receiving packets.

Off The WAN Link is not ready, or has failed.

On The WAN Link is OK.

Flashing The 100M WAN link is sending/receiving packets.

2.2 ZyWALL Rear Panel and Connections

The following figures show the rear panel of your ZyWALL 10/50 and the related connections.

2-2 Hardware Installation

ZyWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

Figure 2-2 ZyWALL 10 Rear Panel and Connections

Hardware Installation 2-3

ZyWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

Figure 2-3 ZyWALL 50 Rear Panel and Connections

This section outlines how to connect your ZyWALL 10/50 to the LAN and the WAN. If you want to

connect a cable modem you must connect the coaxial cable from your cable service to the threaded coaxial

cable connector on the back of the cable modem. Connect an xDSL modem to the xDSL wall jack. See also

the Appendices for important safety instructions when making connections to the ZyWALL.

Step 1. Connecting the Console Port

Use terminal emulator software on a computer when connecting a computer to the ZyWALL via the

console port. Connect the 9-pin end of the console cable to the console port of the ZyWALL and the other

end (choice of 9-pin or 25-pin, depending on your computer) to a serial port (COM1, COM2 or other COM

2-4 Hardware Installation

ZyWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

port) of your computer. You can use an extension RS-232 cable if the enclosed one is too short. After the

initial setup, you can modify the configuration remotely through telnet connections.

Step 2. Connecting the ZyWALL to the Broadband Modem

Step 2a. Connecting the ZyWALL to the cable modem:

Connect the 10/100 WAN port on the ZyWALL to the Ethernet port on the cable modem

using the Ethernet cable that came with your cable modem. The Ethernet port on a cable

modem is sometimes labeled "PC" or "Workstation".

OR

Step 2b. Connecting the ZyWALL to the xDSL modem:

Connect the 10/100 WAN port on the ZyWALL to the Ethernet port on the xDSL modem

using the Ethernet cable that came with your xDSL modem.

Step 3. Connecting the ZyWALL to the LAN

For a single computer, connect the 10/100M LAN port on the ZyWALL to the Network Adapter on the

computer using a straight-through Ethernet cable and push in the Uplink button ("on"). If the Uplink button

is not “on”, you must use a crossover cable for this connection.

If you have more than one computer, then you must use an external hub. Connect the 10/100M LAN port

on the ZyWALL to a port on the hub using a straight-through Ethernet cable and make sure the Uplink

button is "off".

Step 4. Connecting the Power Adapter to your ZyWALL

Connect one end of the power adapter to the port labeled POWER on the rear panel of your ZyWALL.

Caution: To prevent damage to the ZyWALL, first make sure you have the correct

AC power adapter. See the Power Adapter Specification Appendix for regional

specifications.

Step 5. Grounding the ZyWALL

To ground the ZyWALL, connect a grounded wire to the F.G. (Frame Ground) of the ZyWALL.

Hardware Installation 2-5

ZyWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

2.3 Additional Installation Requirements

In addition to the contents of your package, there are other hardware and software requirements you need

before you can install and use your ZyWALL. These requirements include:

1. A computer with an Ethernet NIC (Network Interface Card) installed.

2. A computer equipped with communications software configured to the following parameters:

♦ VT100 terminal emulation.

♦ 9600 Baud.

♦ No parity, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, flow control set to none.

3. A cable/xDSL modem and an ISP account.

After the ZyWALL is properly set up, you can make future changes to the configuration through telnet or

web connections.

To keep the ZyWALL operating at optimal internal temperature, keep the bottom,

sides and rear clear of obstructions and away from the exhaust of other

equipment.

2-6 Hardware Installation

ZyWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

Chapter 3

Initial Setup

This chapter explains how to perform initial ZyWALL setup and gives an overview of SMT menus.

3.1 Turning On Your ZyWALL

At this point, you should have connected the console port, the LAN port, the WAN port and the power port

to the appropriate devices or lines. Plug the power adapter into a wall outlet. The PWR LED should turn on.

The SYS LED will turn on after the system tests are complete. The WAN LED and one of the LAN LEDs

should turn on immediately after the SYS LED turns on, if connections have been made to the LAN and

WAN ports.

3.1.1 Initial Screen

When you turn on your ZyWALL, it performs several internal tests as well as line initialization.

After the tests, the ZyWALL asks you to press

[ENTER] to continue, as shown next.

Copyright (c) 1994 - 2001 ZyXEL Communications Corp.
initialize ch =0, ethernet address: 00:a0:c5:41:51:61
initialize ch =1, ethernet address: 00:a0:c5:41:51:62
Press ENTER to continue...

Figure 3-1 Initial Screen

3.1.2 Entering the Password

The login screen appears after you press [ENTER], prompting you to enter the password, as shown below.

For your first login, enter the default password “1234”. As you type the password, the screen displays an

(X) for each character you type.

Please note that if there is no activity for longer than five minutes after you log in, your ZyWALL will

automatically log you out and will display a blank screen. If you see a blank screen, press [ENTER] to

bring up the login screen again.

Initial Setup 3-1

ZyWALL 10/50 Internet Security Gateway

Enter Password : XXXX

Figure 3-2 Password Screen

3.2 Navigating the SMT Interface

The SMT (System Management Terminal) is the interface that you use to configure your ZyWALL.

Several operations that you should be familiar with before you attempt to modify the configuration are

listed in the table below.

Table 3-1 Main Menu Commands

OPERATION KEYSTROKE DESCRIPTION

Move down to
another menu

Move up to a
previous menu

Move to a “hidden”
menu

Move the cursor [ENTER] or

Entering
information

Required fields

N/A fields <N/A> Some of the fields in the SMT will show a <N/A>. This symbol

Save your
configuration

Exit the SMT Type 99, then press

[ENTER] To move forward to a submenu, type in the number of the desired

submenu and press [ENTER].

[ESC] Press [ESC] to move back to the previous menu.

Press [SPACE
BAR] to change No
to Yes then press
[ENTER].

[UP]/[DOWN] arrow
keys.

Type in or press
[SPACE BAR], then
press [ENTER].

?>

<

[ENTER] Save your configuration by pressing [ENTER] at the message

[ENTER].

Fields beginning with “Edit” lead to hidden menus and have a
default setting of No. Press [SPACE BAR] once to change No to
Yes, then press [ENTER] to go to the “hidden” menu.

Within a menu, press [ENTER] to move to the next field. You can
also use the [UP]/[DOWN] arrow keys to move to the previous
and the next field, respectively.

You need to fill in two types of fields. The first requires you to type
in the appropriate information. The second allows you to cycle
through the available choices by pressing [SPACE BAR].

All fields with the symbol <?> must be filled in order to be able to
save the new configuration.

refers to an option that is Not Applicable.

“Press ENTER to confirm or ESC to cancel”. Saving the data on
the screen will take you, in most cases to the previous menu.

Type 99 at the main menu prompt and press [ENTER] to exit the
SMT interface.

3-2 Initial Setup