ZyXEL P-660R-Tx v3 Support Notes

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

P-660R-Tx v3

Support Notes

Version3.40

Aug 2008

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

OS FAQ ................................................................................................. 6

1. How do I access the P-660R-Tx v3 Command Line Interface (CLI)?

...................................................................................................... 6

2. How do I update the firmware and configuration file? ............... 6

3. How do I restore P-660R-Tx v3 configurations by using TFTP

client program via LAN? ................................................................. 7

4. What should I do if I forget the system password? ..................... 7

5. How to use the Reset button?.................................................... 7

6. What is SUA? When should I use SUA? ...................................... 7

7. What is the difference between SUA and Full Feature NAT? ...... 8

8. Is it possible to access a server running behind SUA from the

outside Internet? How can I do it? ................................................. 8

9. When do I need select Multiple IP in NAT (Full Feature NAT)? ... 8

10. What IP/Port mapping does Multi-NAT support? ..................... 9

11. How many network users can the SUA/NAT support? ........... 10

12. How can I protect against IP spoofing attacks? ...................... 10

PRODUCT FAQ ................................................................................. 11

1. How can I manage P-660R-Tx v3? ............................................. 11

2. What is the default password for Web Configurator? .............. 11

3. How do I know the P-660R-Tx v3's WAN IP address assigned by

the ISP? ....................................................................................... 11

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

4. What is Traffic Shaping？ ........................................................ 11

5. Why do we perform traffic shaping in the P-660R-Tx v3? ......... 11

6. What do the parameters (PCR, SCR, and MBS) mean? ............. 12

7. What do the ATM QoS Types (CBR, UBR, VBR，rtVBR, nrtVBR)

mean? ......................................................................................... 12

8. The P-660R-Tx v3 supports Bridge and Router mode, what's the

difference between them? .......................................................... 13

9. How do I know I am using PPPoE? ........................................... 13

10. Why does my provider use PPPoE? ........................................ 13

11. When do I need to choose dynamic IP? .................................. 13

12. What is DDNS? ....................................................................... 15

13. When do I need DDNS service? .............................................. 15

14. What is DDNS wildcard? Does the P-660R-Tx v3 support DDNS

wildcard? ..................................................................................... 15

15. Can the P-660R-Tx v3's SUA (Simple IP) handle IPSec packets

sent by the IPSec gateway? ......................................................... 16

16. How do I setup my P-660R-Tx v3 for routing IPSec packets over

SUA? ............................................................................................ 16

17. What is IP Policy Routing (IPPR)? ........................................ 17

18. How does the IPPR work? ...................................................... 18

19. What is CWMP? ..................................................................... 18

20. How to configure CWMP on P660R TX v3? ............................. 18

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

21. How to configure ACL? ........................................................... 20

22. What is UPnP? ....................................................................... 21

ADSL FAQ ........................................................................................... 22

1. How does ADSL compare to Cable modems? ........................... 22

2. What is the micro-filter or splitter used for? ............................ 22

3. How do I know the ADSL line is up? ......................................... 22

4. Does the VC-based multiplexing perform better than the

LLC-based multiplexing? .............................................................. 22

5. How do I know the details of my ADSL line statistics? .............. 23

6. What are the signaling pins of the ADSL connector? ................ 23

APPLICATION NOTES .......................................................................... 24

GENERAL APPLICATION NOTES ................................................................ 24

1. Internet Access Using P-660R-Tx v3 under Bridge mode ........... 24

2. Internet Access Using P-660R-Tx v3 under Routing mode ........ 26

3. Make use of Bridge Interface in Routing mode ........................ 28

4. Setup the P-660R-Tx v3 as a DHCP Relay .................................. 29

5. SUA Notes ................................................................................ 31

6. Using Full Feature NAT ............................................................. 40

7. Using the Dynamic DNS (DDNS) ............................................... 48

8. Network Management Using SNMP ......................................... 50

9. Using system log ...................................................................... 52

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

10. Using IP Alias ......................................................................... 53

11. Using IP Multicast .................................................................. 55

12. How to configure packet filter on P-660R-Tx v3? .................... 57

SUPPORT TOOL .................................................................................. 62

1. LAN/WAN Packet Trace ........................................................... 62

Trace packet by telnet ................................................................. 63

COMMAND SYNTAX AND GENERAL USER INTERFACE ........................................ 66

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

OS FAQ

1. How do I access the P-660R-Tx v3 Command Line Interface (CLI)?

The Command Line Interface is for the Administrator use only, and it could be accessed via telnet session. Begin telnet session: (1) Choose “start” on your computer →”run” (2) Input “cmd” and enter (3) Input “telnet xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx” ( note that there is a space between the two), (4) Enter to login in the CLI.

Note: It is protected by super password, „1234‟ by factory default.

2. How do I update the firmware and configuration file?

You can do this if you access the P-660R-Tx v3 as Administrator. You can upload the firmware and configuration file to P-660R-Tx v3 from Web Condigurator, or using FTP software. You CAN NOT upload the firmware and configuration file via Telnet because the Telnet connection will be dropped during uploading the firmware. Please do not power off the router right after the FTP uploading is finished, the router will upload the firmware to its flash at this moment.

(1) Update on web configuration page, Advanced Setup，

Maintenance -> Firmware

You can check your current firmware version and upgrade the firmware of the Router in this page. Make sure the firmware you want to use is on the local hard drive of the computer. Click on Browse to browse the local hard drive and locate the firmware to be used for upgrade.

(2) Update firmware with FTP

a) Use the FTP client program in your PC to login to your P-660R-Tx v3.

Note that it is protected by user name and password, “admin” and

“1234” by default.

b) To update firmware, you need to use the command: put xx.bin ras for

firmware or put xx.rom rom-0 for rom file. xx.bin means the firmware on your local hard drive and xx.rom means rom file on your local hard drive. You can simply draw them into the window.

Note: There may be firmware that could not be upgraded from Web Configurator. In this case, ZyXEL will prepare special Upload Software

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

for you. Please read the firmware release note carefully when you want to upload a new firmware.

3. How do I restore P-660R-Tx v3 configurations by using TFTP client program via LAN?

a. Use the TELNET client program in your PC to login to your P-660R-Tx

v3. b. Enter CI command 'sys stdio 0' disable Stdio idle timeout c. To backup the P-660R-Tx v3 configurations, use TFTP client program

to get file 'rom-0' from the P-660R-Tx v3. d. To restore the P-660R-Tx v3 configurations, use the TFTP client

program to put your configuration in file rom-0 in the P-660R-Tx v3.

4. What should I do if I forget the system password?

In case you forget the system password, you can erase the current configuration and restore factory defaults this way:

Use the RESET button on the rear panel of P-660R-Tx v3 to reset the router. After the router is reset, the LAN IP address will be reset to '192.168.1.1', the password will be reset to „1234‟.

5. How to use the Reset button?

a. Turn your P-660R-Tx v3 on. Make sure the POWER led is on (not

blinking) b. Press the RESET button for ten seconds and then release it. If the

POWER LED begins to blink, the default configuration has been

restored and the P-660R-Tx v3 restarts.

6. What is SUA? When should I use SUA?

SUA (Single User Account) is a unique feature supported by P-660R-Tx v3 router which allows multiple people to access Internet concurrently for the cost of a single user account.

When P-660R-Tx v3 acting as SUA receives a packet from a local client destined for the outside Internet, it replaces the source address in the IP packet header with its own address and the source port in the TCP or UDP header with another value chosen out of a local pool. It then recomputed the appropriate header checksums and forwards the packet to the Internet as if it is originated from P-660R-Tx v3 using the IP address assigned by ISP. When reply packets from the external Internet are received by P-660R-Tx v3, the original IP source address and TCP/UDP source port numbers are written into

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

the destination fields of the packet (since it is now moving in the opposite direction), the checksums are recomputed, and the packet is delivered to its true destination. This is because SUA keeps a table of the IP addresses and port numbers of the local systems currently using it.

7. What is the difference between SUA and Full Feature NAT?

When you edit a remote node in Web Configurator, Advanced Setup, Advanced Setup -> NAT -> Number of IPs, there will be two options for you:

 Single  Multiple

Single here means SUA (Single User Account). In previous versions is a NAT set with 2 rules: Many-to-One and Server. With SUA, 'visible' servers had to be mapped to different ports, since the servers share only one global IP.

The P-660R-Tx v3 now has Multiple, stands for Full Feature NAT, which supports five types of IP/Port mapping: One to One, Many to One, Many to Many Overload, Many to Many No Overload and Server. You can make special application when you select Multiple. For example: With multiple global IP addresses, multiple severs using the same port (e.g., FTP servers using port 21/20) are allowed on the LAN for outside access.

The P-660R-Tx v3 supports NAT sets on a remote node basis. They are reusable, but only one set is allowed for each remote node. The P-660R-Tx v3 supports 8 sets since there are 8 remote nodes.

8. Is it possible to access a server running behind SUA from the outside Internet? How can I do it?

Yes, it is possible because P-660R-Tx v3 delivers the packet to the local server by looking up to a SUA server table. Therefore, to make a local server accessible to the outside users, the port number and the inside IP address of the server must be configured. (You can configure it in Web Configurator, Advanced Setup, Advanced Setup -> NAT -> DMZ.

9. When do I need select Multiple IP in NAT (Full Feature NAT)?

 Make multiple local servers on the LAN accessible from outside with

multiple global IP addresses

With Single IP (SUA), 'visible' servers had to be mapped to different ports, since the servers share only one global IP. But when you select Multiple IPs

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

(Full Feature), you can make multiple local servers (mapping the same port or not) on the LAN accessible from outside with multiple global IP addresses.

 Support Non-NAT Friendly Applications

Some servers providing Internet applications such as some MIRC servers do not allow users to login using the same IP address. Thus, users on the same network can not login to the same server simultaneously. In this case it is better to use Many-to-Many No Overload or One-to-One NAT mapping types, thus each user login to the server using a unique global IP address.

10. What IP/Port mapping does Multi-NAT support? There is a Virtual Server column in Advanced Setup-> NAT. We can

configure a IP/Port mapping table there. Multi-NAT supports five types of IP/port mapping: One to One, Many to One,

Many to Many Overload, Many to Many No Overload and Server. The details of the mapping between ILA and IGA are described as below. Here we define the local IP addresses as the Internal Local Addresses (ILA) and the global IP addresses as the Inside Global Address (IGA),

 One to One: In One-to-One mode, the P-660R-Tx v3 maps one ILA to

one IGA.  Many to One: In Many-to-One mode, the P-660R-Tx v3 maps multiple

ILA to one IGA. This is equivalent to SUA (i.e., PAT, port address

translation).  Many to Many Overload: In Many-to-Many Overload mode, the

P-660R-Tx v3 maps the multiple ILA to shared IGA.  Many One-to-One: In Many One-to-One mode, the P-660R-Tx v3

maps each ILA to unique IGA.  Server: In Server mode, the P-660R-Tx v3 maps multiple inside servers

to one global IP address. This allows us to specify multiple servers of

different types behind the NAT for outside access. Note that if you want

to map each server to one unique IGA please use the One-to-One

mode.

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

The following table summarizes the five types.

NAT Type

IP Mapping

One-to-One

ILA1<--->IGA1

Many-to-One (SUA/PAT)

ILA1<--->IGA1 ILA2<--->IGA1 ...

Many-to-Many Overload

ILA1<--->IGA1 ILA2<--->IGA2 ILA3<--->IGA1 ILA4<--->IGA2 ...

Many

One-to-One

ILA1<--->IGA1 ILA2<--->IGA2 ILA3<--->IGA3 ILA4<--->IGA4 ...

Server

Server 1 IP<--->IGA1 Server 2 IP<--->IGA1

11. How many network users can the SUA/NAT support?

The P-660R-Tx v3 does not limit the number of the users but the number of the NAT sessions. The P-660R-Tx v3 supports 1024 sessions that you can use the 'ip nat session' command in CLI to see. You can also use

„ip nat hashTable wanif0‟ to view the current active NAT sessions.

12. How can I protect against IP spoofing attacks?

The P-660R-Tx v3's filter sets provide a means to protect against IP spoofing attacks. The basic scheme is according to your need to set different filter type.There are three types of filter: IP/MAC Filter, Application Filter, and URL Filter. You can use IP/MAC filter to decide the input data or output one to be filtered or you may simply set filter conditions depend on your application or URL.

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

Product FAQ

1. How can I manage P-660R-Tx v3?

English Web GUI for Local and Remote management

 CLI (Command-line interface)  Telnet support (Administrator Password Protected ) for remote

configuration change and status monitoring

 FTP sever, firmware upgrade and configuration backup and restore are

supported(Administrator Password Protected)

2. What is the default password for Web Configurator?

By factory default the password for P-660R-Tx v3 Web Configurator is 1234. You can login in as an administrator. You can change the password after you logging in the Web Configurator.

Please record your new password whenever you change it. The system will lock you out if you have forgotten your password.

3. How do I know the P-660R-Tx v3's WAN IP address assigned by the ISP?

You can view " IP Address<from ISP>: x.x.x.x" shown in Web Configurator „Status->Device Info ->WAN‟ to check this IP address.

4. What is Traffic Shaping？

Traffic Shaping allocates the bandwidth to WAN dynamically and aims at boosting the efficiency of the bandwidth. If there are several VCs in the P-660R-Tx v3 but only one VC activated at one time, the P-660R-Tx v3 allocates all the Bandwidth to the VC and the VC gets full bandwidth. If another VCs are activated later, the bandwidth is yield to other VCs after ward.

5. Why do we perform traffic shaping in the P-660R-Tx v3?

The P-660R-Tx v3 must manage traffic fairly and provide bandwidth allocation for different sorts of applications, such as voice, video, and data. All applications have their own natural bit rate. Large data transactions have a fluctuating natural bit rate. The P-660R-Tx v3 is able to support variable traffic among different virtual connections. Certain traffic may be discarded if the virtual connection experiences congestion. Traffic shaping defines a set of actions taken by the P-660R-Tx v3 to avoid congestion; traffic shaping takes measures to adapt to unpredictable fluctuations in traffic flows and other problems among virtual connections.

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

6. What do the parameters (PCR, SCR, and MBS) mean?

Traffic shaping parameters (PCR, SCR, MBS) can be set in Web Configurator, Interface Setup, Interface Setup -> Internet -> QoS:

Peak Cell Rate (PCR): The maximum bandwidth allocated to this connection. The VC connection throughput is limited by PCR. Sustainable Cell Rate (SCR): The least guaranteed bandwidth of a VC. When there are multi-VCs on the same line, the VC throughput is guaranteed by SCR. Maximum Burst Size(MBS): The amount of cells transmitted through this VC at the Peak Cell Rate before yielding to other VCs. Total bandwidth of the line is dedicated to single VC if there is only one VC on the line. However, as the other VC asking the bandwidth, the MBS defines the maximum number of cells transmitted via this VC with Peak Cell rate before yielding to other VCs.

The P-660R-Tx v3 holds the parameters for shaping the traffic among its virtual channels. If you do not need traffic shaping, please set SCR = 0, MBS = 0 and PCR as the maximum value according to the line rate (for example, 2.3 Mbps line rate will result PCR as 5424 cell/sec.)

7. What do the ATM QoS Types (CBR, UBR, VBR，rtVBR, nrtVBR) mean?

Constant bit rate (CBR): An ATM bandwidth-allocation service that requires

the user to determine a fixed bandwidth requirement at the time the connection is set up so that the data can be sent in a steady stream. CBR service is often used when transmitting fixed-rate uncompressed video.

Unspecified bit rate (UBR): An ATM bandwidth-allocation service that does not guarantee any throughput levels and uses only available bandwidth. UBR is often used when transmitting data that can tolerate delays, such as e-mail.

Variable bit rate (VBR): An ATM bandwidth-allocation service that allows users to specify a throughput capacity (i.e., a peak rate) and a sustained rate but data is not sent evenly. You can select VBR for burst traffic and bandwidth sharing with other applications. It contains two subclasses:

Non-real time variable bit rate (nrtVBR) and Real time variable bit rate (rtVBR).

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

8. The P-660R-Tx v3 supports Bridge and Router mode, what's the difference between them?

When the ISP limits some specific computers to access Internet that means only the traffic to/from these computers will be forwarded and the other will be filtered. In this case, we use bridge mode which works as an ADSL modem to connect to the ISP. The ISP will generally give one Internet account and limit only one computer to access the Internet.

For most Internet users having multiple computers want to share an Internet account for Internet access, they have to add another Internet sharing device, like a router. In this case, we use the router mode which works as a general Router plus an ADSL Modem.

9. How do I know I am using PPPoE? PPPoE requires a user account to login to the provider's server. If you need to

configure a user name and password on your computer to connect to the ISP you are probably using PPPoE. If you are simply connected to the Internet when you turn on your computer, you probably are not. You can also check your ISP or the information sheet given by the ISP. Please choose PPPoE as the encapsulation type in the P-660R-Tx v3 if the ISP uses PPPoE.

10. Why does my provider use PPPoE?

PPPoE emulates a familiar Dial-Up connection. It allows your ISP to provide services using their existing network configuration over the broadband connections. Besides, PPPoE supports a broad range of existing applications and service including authentication, accounting, secure access and configuration management.

11. When do I need to choose dynamic IP?

If your ISP provides you an IP address automatically, typically used for Cable service. In this case your computer gets an IP dynamically assigned by DHCP.

To use this mode, you need to do some corresponding configurations on the web page: Interface Setup -> Internet -> Encapsulation:

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

Key setting:

Field

Description

Encapsulation

Choose one of encapsulation mode used in Dynamic IP condition .There are four modes: 1483 Bridged IP LLC, 1483 Bridge IP VC-Mux, 1483 Route IP LLC(IPoA),and 1483 Route IP VC-Mux.

Bridge Interface

When activated, not only Router connects but bridge connects. Meanwhile, Router and Bridge use the same PVC, Lan PC could get an wan IP which is assigned by PPPOE server. So we needn‟t two PVCs to do multicast.

NAT

Choose to enable or disable NAT function.

Default Route

Choose “yes” to set the current PVC as a default gateway to internet from

your device. Note that there must be only one default gateway. If you have configured more than one PVC as default gateway, the last one would be efficient.

TCP MTU Option

Set TCP MTU value. “0” is considered as default value.

Dynamic Route

Draw out the list to choose an RIP vision. And you can choose the RIP direction. Choose none direction to disable RIP function.

Multicast

Choose to enable or disable multicast function

MAC Spoofing

Choose to enable Mac spoofing function. You can set a wanted MAC below

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

12. What is DDNS? The Dynamic DNS service allows you to alias a dynamic IP address to a static

hostname, allowing your computer to be more easily accessed from various locations on the Internet. To use the service, you must first apply an account from several free Web servers such as http://www.dyndns.org/.

Without DDNS, we always tell the users to use the WAN IP of the P-660R-Tx v3 to reach our internal server. It is inconvenient for the users if this IP is dynamic. With DDNS supported by the P-660R-Tx v3, you apply a DNS name (e.g., www.zyxel.com.tw) for your server (e.g., Web server) from a DDNS server. The outside users can always access the web server using the www.zyxel.com.tw regardless of the WAN IP of the P-660R-Tx v3.

When the ISP assigns the P-660R-Tx v3 a new IP, the P-660R-Tx v3 updates this IP to DDNS server so that the server can update its IP-to-DNS entry. Once the IP-to-DNS table in the DDNS server is updated, the DNS name for your web server (i.e., www.zyxel.com.tw) is still usable.

13. When do I need DDNS service? When you want your internal server to be accessed by using DNS name rather

than using the dynamic IP address we can use the DDNS service. The DDNS server allows to alias a dynamic IP address to a static hostname. Whenever the ISP assigns you a new IP, the P-660R-Tx v3 sends this IP to the DDNS server for its updates.

14. What is DDNS wildcard? Does the P-660R-Tx v3 support DDNS wildcard?

Some DDNS servers support the wildcard feature which allows the hostname, *.yourhost.dyndns.org, to be aliased to the same IP address as yourhost.dyndns.org. This feature is useful when there are multiple servers inside and you want users to be able to use things such as www.yourhost.dyndns.org and still reach your hostname.

Yes, the P-660R-Tx v3 supports DDNS wildcard that http://www.dyndns.org/ supports. And you can choose to active or inactive this feature on the web configuration page. When using wildcard, you simply enter yourhost.dyndns.org on the web configuration page.

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

15. Can the P-660R-Tx v3's SUA (Simple IP) handle IPSec packets sent by the IPSec gateway?

Yes, the P-660R-Tx v3's SUA can handle IPSec ESP Tunneling mode. We know when packets go through SUA; SUA will change the source IP address and source port for the host. To pass IPSec packets, SUA must understand the ESP packet with protocol number 50; replace the source IP address of the IPSec gateway to the router's WAN IP address. However, SUA should not change the source port of the UDP packets which are used for key managements. Because the remote gateway checks this source port during connections, the port thus is not allowed to be changed.

16. How do I setup my P-660R-Tx v3 for routing IPSec packets over SUA? For outgoing IPSec tunnels, no extra setting is required.

For forwarding the inbound IPSec ESP tunnel, A 'Default' server set is required. You could configure it in Web Configurator, Advanced Setup, Advanced Setup

-> NAT -> DMZ:

Note: First we should set Number of IPs as Single for SUA use.

It is because SUA makes your LAN appear as a single machine to the outside world. LAN users are invisible to outside users. So, to make an internal server for outside access, we must specify the service port and the LAN IP of this server in Web configuration page. Thus SUA is able to forward the incoming packets to the requested service behind SUA and the outside users access the server using the P-660R-Tx v3's WAN IP address. So, we have to configure the internal IPSec client as a default server (unspecified service port) when it acts a server gateway.

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

17. What is IP Policy Routing (IPPR)? Traditionally, routing is based on the destination address only and the router

takes the shortest path to forward a packet. IP Policy Routing (IPPR) provides a mechanism to override the default routing behavior and alter the packet forwarding based on the policy defined by the network administrator. Policy-based routing is applied to incoming packets on a per interface basis, prior to the normal routing. Network administrators can use IPPR to distribute traffic among multiple paths. For example, if a network has both the Internet and remote node connections, we can route the Web packets to the Internet using one policy and route the FTP packets to the remote LAN using another policy. See the figure below.

Use IPPR to distribute traffic among multiple paths

 Benefits

Source-Based Routing - Network administrators can use policy-based routing to direct traffic from different users through different connections.

Quality of Service (QoS)- Organizations can differentiate traffic by setting the precedence or TOS (Type of Service) values in the IP header at the periphery of the network to enable the backbone to prioritize traffic.

Cost Savings- IPPR allows organizations to distribute interactive traffic on high-bandwidth, high-cost path while using low-path for batch traffic.

Load Sharing- Network administrators can use IPPR to distribute traffic among multiple paths.

P-660R-T 1 v3

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

18. How does the IPPR work?

A policy defines the matching criteria and the action to take when a packet meets the criteria. The action is taken only when all the criteria are met. The criteria include the source address and port, IP protocol (ICMP, UDP, TCP, etc), destination address and port, TOS and precedence (fields in the IP header) and length. The inclusion of length criterion is to differentiate between interactive and bulk traffic. Interactive applications, e.g., Telnet, tend to have short packets, while bulk traffic, e.g., file transfer, tends to have large packets.

The actions that can be taken include routing the packet to a different gateway (and hence the outgoing interface) and the TOS and precedence fields in the IP header. IPPR follows the existing packet filtering facility of ZyNOS in style and in implementation. The policies are divided into sets, where related policies are grouped together. A use defines the policies before applying them to an interface or a remote node, in the same fashion as the filters. There are 12 policy sets with 6 policies in each set.

19. What is CWMP?

P660R Tx V3 supports TR-069 Amendment 1 (CPE WAN Management Protocol Release 2.0) and TR-069 Amendment 2 (CPE WAN Management Protocol v1.1, Release 3.0).

TR-069 is a protocol that defines how your ZyXEL Device (ZD) can be managed via a management server (MS) such as ZyXEL‟s Vantage Access.

An administrator can use a management server to remotely set up the ZyXEL device, modify settings, perform firmware upgrades as well as monitor and diagnose the ZyXEL device. All you have to do is enable the device to be managed by a management server and specify the management server IP address or domain name and username and password.

20. How to configure CWMP on P660R TX v3? You can set CWMP on the Web configuration page: Access Management ->

CWMP -> CWMP Setup:

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

Key Settings

Field

Description

Configure this part of the screen to log into the management server.

CWMP

Select Activated to allow the ZyXEL Device to be managed by a management server or select Deactivated to not allow the ZyXEL Device to be managed by a management server.

URL

Type in the IP address or domain name of the management server.

User Name

Type a user name of up to xxx printable characters found on an English-language keyboard.

Password

Type a password of up to xxx printable characters found on an English-language keyboard. Spaces are not allowed.

Connection Request

Use this part of the screen to allow the management server to connect to the ZyXEL Device after a successful login.

Path

This is the part for verification from ACS to ZyXEL Device. It can be considered as CPE‟s URL. When ACS initialize a session, it will connect with CPE basing on this part.

Port

The default port for access to the ZyXEL Device from the management server is the HTTP port, port 80. If you change it, make sure it does not conflict with another port on your network and it is recommended to use a port number above 1024 (not a commonly used port). The management server should use this port to connect to the ZyXEL Device. You may need to alter your firewall or NAT port forwarding rules if they were already configured.

Periodic Inform

Select Activated to have the ZyXEL Device periodically send information to the management server (recommended if CWMP is enabled) or select Deactivated to not have the ZyXEL Device periodically send information to the management server

Interval

Enter a value between 1 and 86400 seconds.

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

Note: 1. There are two groups‟ user name and password. The first one you meet on the

web configuration page is used to authenticate the ZyXEL Device when making a connection to the management server. This user name and password on the management server and the ZyXEL Device must be the same. The second group is used to authenticate the management server when making a connection.

2. The interval is the duration in seconds for which the ZyXEL Device MUST attempt to connect with the management server to send information and check for configuration updates.

21. How to configure ACL? You can find the configuration page on web configuration page: Access

Management -> ACL

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

Key Settings:

Field

Description

ACL

Select Activated to enable access control on the ZyXEL Device or select Deactivated to disable it.

ACL Rule Index

Select an index rule number in order to edit or delete it. Active

Select Yes to enable this active control rule or No to disable it.

Secure IP Address

Enter the range of IP addresses of computers that are allowed to access the device.

0.0.0.0 ~ 0.0.0.0 means that any computer can access the ZyXEL Device. If you want just one computer to be able to access the ZyXEL Device, then enter its IP Address in both fields.

Application

Select the service through which the computer can access the device.

• If you want to allow a user to connect to the ZyXEL Device using the web configuration page, select Web.

• If you want to allow a user to connect to the ZyXEL Device using Telnet, select Telnet.

• If you want to allow a user to upload firmware to the ZyXEL Device, select FTP.

• If you want to allow an administrator to send SNMP commands, select SNMP.

• If you want to allow a user to find the ZyXEL Device on the network (for

troubleshooting purposes, for example), select Ping.

• You can allow access for all services, select ALL. You cannot select a combination of services.

Interface

Select the port through which you can access the device. Select Both for access via either port. If you configure 0.0.0.0 ~ 0.0.0.0 Secure IP Address, ALL services and WAN interface, you will not be able to access the device at all from the LAN.

Access Control Listing

The summary table displays the configured parameters for the selected rule.

SAVE

Click SAVE to apply your settings back to the ZyXEL Device.

DELETE

Select an access control rule index number and click DELETE to remove it.

CANCEL

Click CANCEL to reset the values to the previously-configured ones.

22. What is UPnP?

Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) is a set of computer network protocols promulgated by the UPnP Forum. The goals of UPnP are to allow devices to connect seamlessly and to simplify the implementation of networks in the home (data sharing, communications, and entertainment) and corporate environments. UPnP achieves this by defining and publishing UPnP device control protocols built upon open, Internet-based communication standards.

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

ADSL FAQ

1. How does ADSL compare to Cable modems?

ADSL provides a dedicated service over a single telephone line; cable modems offer a dedicated service over a shared media. While cable modems have greater downstream bandwidth capabilities (up to 30 Mbps), that bandwidth is shared among all users on a line, and will therefore vary, perhaps dramatically, as more users in a neighborhood get online at the same time. Cable modem upstream traffic will in many cases be slower than ADSL, either because the particular cable modem is inherently slower, or because of rate reductions caused by contention for upstream bandwidth slots. The big difference between ADSL and cable modems, however, is the number of lines available to each. There are no more than 12 million homes passed today that can support two-way cable modem transmissions, and while the figure also grows steadily, it will not catch up with telephone lines for many years. Additionally, many of the older cable networks are not capable of offering a return channel; consequently, such networks will need significant upgrading before they can offer high bandwidth services.

2. What is the micro-filter or splitter used for?

Generally, the voice band uses the lower frequency ranging from 0 to 4KHz, while ADSL data transmission uses the higher frequency. The micro filter acts as a low-pass filter for your telephone set to ensure that ADSL transmissions do not interfere with your voice transmissions. For the details about how to connect the micro filter please refer to the user's manual.

3. How do I know the ADSL line is up?

You can see the DSL LED Green on the P-660R-Tx v3's front panel is on when the ADSL physical layer is up.

4. Does the VC-based multiplexing perform better than the LLC-based

multiplexing?

Though the LLC-based multiplexing can carry multiple protocols over a single VC, it requires extra header information to identify the protocol being carried on the virtual circuit (VC). The VC-based multiplexing needs a separate VC for carrying each protocol but it does not need the extra headers. Therefore, the VC-based multiplexing is more efficient.

We can choose one of them on the web configuration page: Interface Setup

-> Internet ->Dynamic IP ->Encapsulation:

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

5. How do I know the details of my ADSL line statistics?

You can use the following CI commands to check the ADSL line statistics. CI> wan adsl perfdata CI> wan adsl status CI> wan adsl linedata far CI> wan adsl linedata near

You can also see the detailed information in Web Configurator, Status.

Status -> Device Info -> ADSL:

You may also need some ADSL traffic status:

Status -> Statistics -> Traffic Statistics -> Interface-> ADSL:

6. What are the signaling pins of the ADSL connector?

The signaling pins on the P-660R-Tx v3's ADSL connector are pin 3 and pin 4. The middle two pins for a RJ11 cable.

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

Application Notes

General Application Notes

1. Internet Access Using P-660R-Tx v3 under Bridge mode

 Setup your workstation  Setup your P-660R-Tx v3 under bridge mode

If the ISP limits some specific computers to access Internet, that means only the traffic to/from these computers will be forwarded and the other will be filtered. In this case, we use P-660R-Tx v3 which works as an ADSL bridge modem to connect to the ISP. The ISP will generally give one Internet account and limit only one computer to access the Internet.

Set up your workstation

(1) Ethernet connection

To connect your computer to the P-660R-Tx v3's LAN port, the computer must have an Ethernet adapter card installed. For connecting a single computer to the P-660R-Tx v3, we use an Ethernet cable.

(2) TCP/IP configuration In most cases, the IP address of the computer is assigned by the ISP

dynamically so you have to configure the computer as a DHCP client which obtains the IP from the ISP using DHCP protocol. The ISP may also provide the gateway, DNS via DHCP if they are available. Otherwise, please enter the static IP addresses for all that the ISP gives to you in the network TCP/IP settings. For Windows, we check the option 'Obtain an IP address automatically' in its TCP/IP setup, please see the example shown below.

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

Setup your P-660R-Tx v3 under bridge mode

The following procedure shows you how to configure your P-660R-Tx v3 as bridge mode. We will use Web Configurator to guide you through the related menu.

(1) Configure P-660R-Tx v3 as bridge mode and configure Internet setup

parameters in Web Configurator, Advanced Setup. Interface Setup -> Internet -> Encapsulation.

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

Key Settings:

Option

Description

Encapsulation

Select the correct Encapsulation type that your ISP supports. For example, Bridge mode.

Bridge Mode

When select one encapsulation type, there would be a corresponding configuration column below, such as Bridge Mode. Select the correct Multiplexing type that your ISP supports. For example, LLC.

(2) Turn off DHCP Server and configure a LAN IP for the P-660R-Tx v3 in Web Configurator, Advanced Setup, Interface Setup -> LAN -> DHCP.. We use

192.168.1.1 as the LAN IP for P-660R-Tx v3 in this case: Step 1: Disable DHCP Server and save it:

Step 2: Assign an IP to the LAN Interface of P-660R-Tx v3, e.g.: 192.168.1.1:

2. Internet Access Using P-660R-Tx v3 under Routing mode

For most Internet users having multiple computers want to share an Internet account for Internet access, they have to install an Internet sharing device, like a router. In this case, we use the P-660R-Tx v3 which works as a general Router plus an ADSL Modem.

Set up your workstation

(1) Ethernet connection

Connect the LAN ports of all computers to the LAN Interface of P-660R-Tx v3 using Ethernet cable.

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

(2) TCP/IP configuration Since the P-660R-Tx v3 is set to DHCP server as default, so you need only to

configure the workstations as the DHCP clients in the networking settings. In this case, the IP address of the computer is assigned by the P-660R-Tx v3. The P-660R-Tx v3 can also provide the DNS to the clients via DHCP if it is available. For this setup in Windows, we check the option 'Obtain an IP address automatically' in its TCP/IP setup. Please see the example shown below.

Set up your P-660R-Tx v3 under routing mode

The following procedure shows you how to configure your P-660R-Tx v3 as Routing mode for routing traffic. We will use Web Configurator to guide you through the related menu.

(1) Configure P-660R-Tx v3 as routing mode and configure Internet setup

parameters in Web Configurator, Advanced Setup, Interface Setup -> Internet -> Encapsulation.

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

Here you can choose the first three types of Encapsulation for routing mode.

(2) Configure a LAN IP for the P-660R-Tx v3 and the DHCP settings in Web

Configurator, Advanced Setup, Interface Setup -> LAN -> DHCP.

3. Make use of Bridge Interface in Routing mode

Using Bridge Interface in routing mode allows you to connect to internet with both Routing and Bridging. A route channel for your device and a bridge channel for your pc, but they use the same PVC so we needn‟t two PVCs to do multicast, you also need not to set a new VLAN on the DSLAM.

One of the use scenarios shows below:

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

You can set it in Web Configurator, Interface Setup -> Internet ->

Encapsulation

After configuration, your P660R-Tx v3 can get a public IP in the way you choose from Encapsulation types (Dynamic IP Address, Static IP Address or PPPoA/PPPoE), while your computer can also get a public IP through PPPoE.

4. Setup the P-660R-Tx v3 as a DHCP Relay

What is DHCP Relay?

DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. In addition to the DHCP server feature, the P-660R-Tx v3 supports the DHCP relay function. When it is configured as DHCP server, it assigns the IP addresses to the LAN clients. When it is configured as DHCP relay, it is responsible for forwarding the requests and responses negotiating between the DHCP clients and the server. See figure 1.

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

Prestige means P-660R-Tx v3

Setup the P-660R-Tx v3 as a DHCP Relay

We could set the P-660R-Tx v3 as a DHCP Relay by the following command in

CLI: Ip dhcp enif0 mode relay Ip dhcp enif0 relay server [Server IP Address]

You can also set it in web configuration page:

Interface Setup -> LAN -> DHCP.

Click to choose “Relay”, input the Relay Agent IP and save the configuration.

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

5. SUA Notes Tested SUA/NAT Applications (e.g., Cu-SeeMe, ICQ, NetMeeting)

Introduction

Generally, SUA makes your LAN appear as a single machine to the outside world. LAN users are invisible to outside users. However, some applications such as Cu-SeeMe and ICQ will need to connect to the local user behind the P-660R-Tx v3. In such case, a SUA server must be configured to forward the incoming packets to the true destination behind SUA. After the required server are configured in Web Configurator, Advanced Setup, Advanced Setup -> NAT -> Virtual Server, the internal server or client applications can be accessed by using the P-660R-Tx v3's WAN IP Address.

SUA Supporting Table The following are the required Web Configurator, Advanced Setup, Advanced Setup -> NAT -> Virtual Server for the various applications running in Single

mode.

P-660R-Tx v3

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

Application Required Settings in Port Forwarding

Port/IP

Outgoing Connection

Incoming Connection

FTP

None

21/client IP

SSH

None

22/client IP

TELNET

None

23/client IP (and active Telnet service from WAN)

SMTP

None

25/client IP

HTTP Server

None

80/client IP

POP3

None

110/client IP

HTTPs

None

443/client IP

T.120

None

1503/client IP

H.232

None

1720/client IP

PPTP

None

1723/client IP

pcAnywhere

None

5631/client IP

VNC

None

5900/client IP

CUSeeMe

None

7648/client IP

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

Since SUA enables your LAN to appear as a single computer to the Internet,

it is not possible to configure similar servers on the same LAN behind SUA.

Because White Pine Cu-SeeMe uses dedicate ports (port 7648 & port 24032) to transmit and receive data, therefore only one local Cu-SeeMe is allowed within the same LAN.

Configurations

For example, if the workstation operating Cu-SeeMe has an IP of 192.168.1.33, then the default SUA server must be set to 192.168.1.33. The peer Cu-SeeMe user can reach this workstation by using P-660R-Tx v3's WAN IP address which can be obtained from Web Configurator, Status -> Device Info

->WAN.

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

Virtual Server Configuration：

Configure an Internal Server behind SUA

Introduction

If you wish, you can make internal servers (e.g., Web, ftp or mail server) accessible for outside users, even though SUA makes your LAN appear as a single machine to the outside world. A service is identified by the port number. Also, since you need to specify the IP address of a server behind the

P-660R-Tx v3

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

P-660R-Tx v3, a server must have a fixed IP address and not be a DHCP client whose IP address potentially changes each time P-660R-Tx v3 is powered on.

Configuration

To make a server visible to the outside world, specify the port number of the service and the inside address of the server in Web Configurator, Advanced Setup, Advance Setup -> NAT -> DMZ. The outside users can access the local server using the P-660R-Tx v3's WAN IP address which can be obtained from Web Configurator, Status -> Device Info.

For example:

Configuring an internal Web server for outside access (suppose the Server IP Address is 192.168.1.33):

Enable DMZ and fill in the DMZ Host IP Address, press button „Save‟

Note that there are some default ports for different applications. If you want to change them, you could write it in the start port number and end port number columns and press button „Save‟ to submit your settings.

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

Default port numbers for some services

Service

Port Number

FTP

SSH

Telnet

SMTP

DNS (Domain Name Server)

www-http (Web)

POP3

110

HTTPs

443

PPTP

1723

VNC

5900

T.120

1503

H.232

1720

Configure a PPTP server behind SUA

Introduction PPTP is a tunneling protocol defined by the PPTP forum that allows PPP

packets to be encapsulated within Internet Protocol (IP) packets and forwarded over any IP network, including the Internet itself.

In order to run the Windows 9x PPTP client, you must be able to establish an IP connection with a tunnel server such as the Windows NT Server 4.0 Remote Access Server.

Windows Dial-Up Networking uses the Internet standard Point-to-Point (PPP) to provide a secure, optimized multiple-protocol network connection over dial-up telephone lines. All data sent over this connection can be encrypted and compressed, and multiple network level protocols (TCP/IP, NetBEUI and

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

IPX) can be run correctly. Windows NT Domain Login level security is preserved even across the Internet.

Window98 PPTP Client / Internet / NT RAS Server Protocol Stack

PPTP appears as new modem type (Virtual Private Networking Adapter) that can be selected when setting up a connection in the Dial-Up Networking folder. The VPN Adapter type does not appear elsewhere in the system. Since PPTP encapsulates its data stream in the PPP protocol, the VPN requires a second dial-up adapter. This second dial-up adapter for VPN is added during the installation phase of the Upgrade in addition to the first dial-up adapter that provides PPP support for the analog or ISDN modem.

The PPTP is supported in Windows NT and Windows 98 already. For Windows 95, it needs to be upgraded by the Dial-Up Networking 1.2 upgrade.

Configuration This application note explains how to establish a PPTP connection with a

remote private network in the P-660R-Tx v3 SUA case. By default, the port number of the PPTP is 1723.

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

Example The following example shows how to dial to an ISP via the P-660R-Tx v3 and

then establish a tunnel to a private network. There will be three items that you need to set up for PPTP application, these are PPTP server (WinNT), PPTP client (Win9x) and the P-660R-Tx v3.

(1) PPTP server setup (WinNT)

 Add the VPN service from Control Panel ->Network  Add an user account for PPTP logged on user  Enable RAS port  Select the network protocols from RAS such as IPX, TCP/IP NetBEUI  Set the Internet gateway to P-660R-Tx v3

(2) PPTP client setup (Win9x)

 Add one VPN connection from Dial-Up Networking by entering the

correct username & password and the IP address of the P-660R-Tx v3's Internet IP address for logging to NT RAS server.

 Set the Internet gateway to the router that is connecting to ISP

(3) P-660R-Tx v3 setup

 Before making a VPN connection from Win9x to WinNT server, you

need to connect P-660R-Tx v3 router to your ISP first.

 Enter the IP address of the PPTP server (WinNT server) and the

port number for PPTP as shown below:

Select service name as „PPTP‟, fill in the Server IP Address, then press button

„Save‟.

P-660R-Tx v3

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

When you have finished the above settings, you can ping to the remote Win9x client from WinNT. This ping command is used to demonstrate that remote the Win9x can be reached across the Internet. If the Internet connection between two LANs is achievable, you can place a VPN call from the remote Win9x client.

For example: C:\ping 203.66.113.2 When a dial-up connection to ISP is established, a default gateway is assigned

to the router traffic through that connection. Therefore, the output below shows the default gateway of the Win9x client after the dial-up connection has been established.

Before making a VPN connection from the Win9x client to the NT server, you need to know the exact Internet IP address that the ISP assigns to P-660R-Tx v3 router in SUA mode and enter this IP address in the VPN dial-up dialog box. You can check this Internet IP address from PNC Monitor or S Web Configurator, Status -> Device Info. If the Internet IP address is a fixed IP address provided by ISP in SUA mode, then you can always use this IP address for reaching the VPN server.

In the following example, the IP address '140.113.1.225' is dynamically assigned by ISP. You must enter this IP address in the 'VPN Server' dialog box

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

for reaching the PPTP server. After the VPN link is established, you can start the network protocol application such as IP, IPX and NetBEUI.

6. Using Full Feature NAT

When P-660R-Tx v3 is in Routing mode, you can select NAT Option as Multiple IPs (equal to Full Feature) in Advanced Setup -> NAT-> Number of

IPs:

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

Key Settings:

Field

Options

Description

Numbers of IPs

Multiple

When you select this option you can select Address Mapping Set Number 1~8 in the pull-down menu in Virtual Circuit.

Single

When you select this option, this remote node will use default SUA Address Mapping Set.

You can see it in CLI by command „ip nat lookup 255‟. It‟s a read-only sets with two

rules: Many-to-One and server mapping. Select Full Feature when you require other mapping types.

Configuring NAT

Address Mapping Sets and NAT Server Sets

The P-660R-Tx v3 has 8 remote nodes and so allows you to configure 8 NAT Address Mapping Sets, You must specify which NAT Address Mapping Set (1~8) to use in the remote node when you select Multiple IPs. You can edit 8 rules for each Address Mapping Set.

The NAT Server Set is a list of LAN side servers mapped to external ports. We can configure it in Web Configurator, Advanced Setup, Advanced Setup ->

NAT -> IP Address Mapping. To use the NAT server sets you‟ve configured, a Server rule must be set up inside the NAT Address Mapping set. Please see

NAT Server Sets for further information on how to apply it.

Here we‟ll guide you to configure Address Mapping Sets from Web Configurator and CLI.

Now let's begin with Web Configurator:

Firstly let‟s come to Web Configurator, Advanced Setup, Advanced Setup -> NAT -> IP Address Mapping:

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

This menu is for Address Mapping Set #1, you can edit 8 Address Mapping Rules for Set #1. You can edit or delete a rule by clicking the two buttons below the rule table.

Click to select the rule number you want to set in the pull down menu, and then the rule type and Start/End IPs.

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

The following table explains the fields in this above screen:

Field

Description

Option/Example

Rule Index

This is sequence number for Address Mapping Sets

1~8

Rule Type

This is the NAT mapping types.

One-to-one, Many-to-One, Many-to-Many Overload, Many-to-Many No Overload and Server

Local Start IP

This is the starting local IP address (ILA).

0.0.0.0

Local End IP

This is the ending local IP address (ILA). If the rule is for all local IPs, then put the Start IP as 0.0.0.0 and the End IP as 255.255.255.255. This field is N/A for One-to-One type.

255.255.255.255

Public Start IP

This is the starting global IP address (IGA). If you have a dynamic IP, enter 0.0.0.0 as the Global Start IP.

0.0.0.0

Public End IP

This is the ending global IP address (IGA). This field is N/A for One-to-One, Many-to-One and Server types.

200.1.1.64

Note: For all Local and Public End IP address must begin after the IP Start address, i.e., you can not have an End IP address beginning before the Start IP address.

NAT Server Sets

The NAT Server Set is a list of LAN side servers mapped to external ports. If you wish, you can make inside servers for different services, e.g., Web or FTP, visible to the outside users, even though NAT makes your network appears as a single machine to the outside world. A server is identified by the port number, e.g., Web service is on port 80 and FTP on port 21.

As an example (see the following figure), if you have a Web server at

192.168.1.36nd a FTP server at 192.168.1.33, then you need to specify for port 80 (Web) the server at IP address 192.168.1.36 and for port 21 (FTP) another at IP address 192.168.1.33.

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

Please note that a server can support more than one service, e.g., a server can provide both FTP and Mail service, while another provides only Web service.

The following procedures show how to configure a server behind NAT.

Step 1: Login Web Configurator, Advanced Setup -> NAT -> Virtual Server Step 2: Select the service name from the pull-down menu, and fill in the server

Address on „Local IP Address‟ and then save it.

Step 3: You could click in to modify the Service name, Server IP Address, Start/End Port.

The most often used port numbers are shown in the following table. Please refer RFC 1700 for further information about port numbers.

P-660R-Tx

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

Service

Port Number

FTP

Telnet

SMTP

DNS (Domain Name Server)

www-http (Web)

PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol)

1723

 Examples

 Internet Access Only  Internet Access with an Internal Server  Using Multiple Global IP addresses for clients and servers  Support Non NAT Friendly Applications

(1) Internet Access Only

In our Internet Access example, we only need one rule where all our ILAs map to one IGA assigned by the ISP. You can just use the default Single NAT or you could select Multiple NAT and select an Address Mapping Set with a

Many-to-One Rule. See the following figure.

(2) Internet Access with an Internal Server

P-660R-Tx

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

In this case, we do exactly as the figure (use the convenient pre-configured SUA Only set) and also go to Web Configurator, Advanced Setup, Advanced

Setup -> NAT -> Virtual Server

to specify the Internet Server behind the NAT as below:

P-660R-Tx

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

(3) Using Multiple Global IP addresses for clients and servers

(One-to-One, Many-to-One, Server Set mapping types are used)

In this case we have 3 IGAs from the ISP. We have two very busy internal FTP servers and also an internal general server for the web and mail. In this case, we want to assign the 3 IGAs by the following way using 4 NAT rules.

 Rule 1 (One-to-One type) to map the FTP Server 1 with ILA1

(192.168.1.10) to IGA1 (200.0.0.1).

 Rule 2 (One-to-One type) to map the FTP Server 2 with ILA2

(192.168.1.11) to IGA2 (200.0.0.2).

 Rule 3 (Many-to-One type) to map the other clients to IGA3 (200.0.0.3).  Rule 4 (Server type) to map a web server and mail server with ILA3

(192.168.1.20) to IGA3. Type Server allows us to specify multiple servers, of different types, to other machines behind NAT on the LAN.

Step 1: In this case, we need to map ILA to more than one IGAs therefore we must choose the Multiple IPs option from the NAT field in currently active remote node, and assign IGA3 to P-660R-Tx v3‟s WAN IP Address.

Step 2: Go to Web Configurator, Advanced Setup, Advanced Setup-> NAT ->

IP Address Mapping to begin configuring Address Mapping Set #1. We can see there are 8 blank rule table that could be configured. See the following setup for the four rules in our case.

Rule 1 Setup: Select One-to-One type to map the FTP Server 1 with ILA1 (192.168.1.10) to IGA1 (200.0.0.1).

P-660R-Tx

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

Rule 2 Setup: Selecting One-to-One type to map the FTP Server 2 with ILA2 (192.168.1.11) to IGA2 (200.0.0.2).

Rule 3 Setup: Select Many-to-One type to map the other clients to IGA3 (200.0.0.3).

Rule 4 Setup: Select Server type to map our web server and mail server with ILA3 (192.168.1.20) to IGA3.

Menu Network -> NAT -> Address Mapping should look as follows now:

Step 3: Now we configure all other incoming traffic to go to our web server and mail server from Web Configurator.

(4) Support Non NAT Friendly Applications

Some servers providing Internet applications such as some mIRC servers do not allow users to login using the same IP address. In this case it is better to use Many-to-Many No Overload or One-to-One NAT mapping types, thus each user login to the server using a unique global IP address. The following figure illustrates this.

7. Using the Dynamic DNS (DDNS)

 What is DDNS? The DDNS service, an IP Registry provides a public central database where

information such as email addresses, hostnames; IPs etc. can be stored and

P-660R-Tx

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

retrieved. This solves the problems if your DNS server uses an IP associated with dynamic IPs.

Without DDNS, we always tell the users to use the WAN IP of the P-660R-Tx v3 to access the internal server. It is inconvenient for the users if this IP is dynamic. With DDNS supported by the P-660R-Tx v3, you apply a DNS name (e.g., www.zyxel.com.tw) for your server (e.g., Web server) from a DDNS server. The outside users can always access the web server using the www.zyxel.com.tw regardless of the WAN IP of the P-660R-Tx v3. When the ISP assigns the P-660R-Tx v3 a new IP, the P-660R-Tx v3 must inform the DDNS server the change of this IP so that the server can update its IP-to-DNS entry. Once the IP-to-DNS table in the DDNS server is updated, the DNS name for your web server (i.e., www.zyxel.com.tw) is still usable.

The DDNS server the P-660R-Tx v3 supports currently is WWW.DYNDNS.ORG where you apply the DNS from and update the WAN IP to.

 Setup the DDNS

1. Before configuring the DDNS settings in the P-660R-Tx v3, you must register an account from the DDNS server such as WWW.DYNDNS.ORG first. After the registration, you have a hostname for your internal server and a password using to update the IP to the DDNS server.

2. Login Web Configurator, Advanced Setup, Access Management -> Dynamic DNS Select 'Actived' option:

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P-660R-Tx v3 Series Support Notes

Key Settings:

Option

Description

Service Provider

Currently, we support WWW.DYNDNS.ORG.

My Host Name

Enter the hostname you subscribe from the above DDNS server. For example, zyxel.com.tw.

E-mail Address

Enter your e-mail address from which can contact you when need

User Name

Enter the user name that the DDNS server gives to you.

Password

Enter the password that the DDNS server gives to you.

Enable Wildcard

Enter the hostname for the wildcard function that the WWW.DYNDNS.ORG supports. Note that Wildcard option is available only when the provider is http://www.dyndns.org/.

8. Network Management Using SNMP

 ZyXEL SNMP Implementation ZyXEL currently includes SNMP support in some P-660R-Tx v3 routers. It is

implemented based on the SNMPv1, so it will be able to communicate with SNMPv1 NMSs. Further, users can also add ZyXEL's private MIB in the NMS to monitor and control additional system variables. The ZyXEL's private MIB tree is shown in figure 3. For SNMPv1 operation, ZyXEL permits one community string so that the router can belong to only one community and allows trap messages to be sent to only one NMS manager.

Some traps are sent to the SNMP manager when anyone of the following events happens:

1. coldStart (defined in RFC-1215) : If the machine coldstarts, the trap will be sent after booting.

2. warmStart (defined in RFC-1215) :

If the machine warmstarts, the trap will be sent after booting.

3. linkDown (defined in RFC-1215) :

If any link of IDSL or WAN is down, the trap will be sent with the port number . The port number is its interface index under the interface group.

4. linkUp (defined in RFC-1215) :

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If any link of IDSL or WAN is up, the trap will be sent with the port number . The port number is its interface index under the interface group.

5. authenticationFailure (defined in RFC-1215) :

When receiving any SNMP get or set requirement with wrong community, this trap is sent to the manager.

6. whyReboot (defined in ZYXEL-MIB) :

When the system is going to restart (warmstart), the trap will be sent with the reason of restart before rebooting.

(1) For intentional reboot: In some cases (download new files, CI command "sys reboot", ...), reboot is done intentionally. And traps with the message "System reboot by user !" will be sent.

(2) For fatal error: System has to reboot for some fatal errors. And traps with the message of the fatal code will be sent.

P-660R-Tx v3

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Downloading ZyXEL's private MIB

 Configure the P-660R-Tx v3 for SNMP

The SNMP related settings in P-660R-Tx v3 are configured in Web Configurator, Advanced Setup, Access Management -> SNMP

Key Settings:

Get Community

Select to set the password for the incoming Get- and Get Next requests from the management station.

Set Community

Select to set the password for incoming Set requests from the management station.

9. Using system log

Our ADSL Router keeps a running log of events and activities occurring on the Router. If the device is rebooted, the logs are automatically cleared

You can check your log in Web Configurator, Advanced Setup, Status ->

System Log

P-660R-Tx v3

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10. Using IP Alias

 What is IP Alias?

In a typical environment, a LAN router is required to connect two local networks. The P-660R-Tx v3 can connect three local networks to the ISP or a remote node; we call this function as 'IP Alias'. In this case, an internal router is not required. For example, the network manager can divide the local network into three networks and connect them to the Internet using P-660R-Tx v3's single user account. See the figure below.

The P-660R-Tx v3 supports three virtual LAN interfaces via its single physical Ethernet interface. The first network can be configured in Web Configurator, Advanced Setup, Interface Setup -> LAN -> DHCP. The second and third networks can be configured in telnet CLI.

There are three internal virtual LAN interfaces for the P-660R-Tx v3 to route the packets from/to the three networks correctly. They are enif0 for the major network, enif0:0 for the IP alias 1, and enif0:1 for the IP alias 2. Therefore, three routes are created in the P-660R-Tx v3 as shown below when the three networks are configured. You can edit ip alias routes of P-660R-Tx v3 by command in CLI:

lan index [index number]

Usage: index number =1 main LAN 2 IP Alias#1 3 IP Alias#2

lan ipaddr <ip address> <Mask> lan sacve

If the P-660R-Tx v3's DHCP is also enabled, the IP pool for the clients can be any of the three networks.

P-660R-Tx v3

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You can edit filter rule to accept or deny LAN packets from/to the IP alias 1/2 go through the P-660R-Tx v3 by command in CLI:

lan index [index number]

Usage: index number =1 main LAN 2 IP Alias#1 3 IP Alias#2

lan filter <incoming|outgoing> <tcpip|generic> [set#]

Usage: set#= the corresponding filter set number you‟ve configured

lan save

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 IP Alias Setup

(1) Edit the first network in Web Configurator, Advanced Setup, Interface

Setup -> LAN -> DHCP by configuring the P-660R-Tx v3's first LAN IP address.

Key Settings:

DHCP

If the P-660R-Tx v3's DHCP server is enabled, the IP pool for the clients can be any of the three networks.

(2) The second and third networks can be configured in CLI with the

commands mentioned above.

11. Using IP Multicast

 What is IP Multicast?

Traditionally, IP packets are transmitted in two ways - unicast or broadcast. Multicast is a third way to deliver IP packets to a group of hosts. Host groups are identified by class D IP addresses, i.e., those with "1110" as their higher-order bits. In dotted decimal notation, host group addresses range from

224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. Among them, 224.0.0.1 is assigned to the

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permanent IP hosts group, and 224.0.0.2 is assigned to the multicast routers group.

IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) is the protocol used to support multicast groups. The latest version is version 2 (see RFC2236). IP hosts use IGMP to report their multicast group membership to any immediate-neighbor multicast routers so the multicast routers can decide if a multicast packet needs to be forwarded. At start up, the P-660R-Tx v3 queries all directly connected networks to gather group membership.

After that, the P-660R-Tx v3 updates the information by periodic queries. The P-660R-Tx v3 implementation of IGMP is also compatible with version 1. The multicast setting can be turned on or off on Ethernet and remote nodes.

 IP Multicast Setup

(1) Enable IGMP in P-660R-Tx v3's LAN in Web Configurator, Advanced Setup, Interface Setup -> LAN -> Router Local IP

(2) Enable IGMP in P-660R-Tx v3's remote node in Web Configurator, Advanced Setup, Interface Setup -> Internet -> Dynamic IP

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Key Settings:

Multicast

IGMP-v1 for IGMP version 1, IGMP-v2 for IGMP version 2. IGMP-v3 for IGMP version 3.

12. How to configure packet filter on P-660R-Tx v3?

The P-660R-Tx v3 allows you to configure up to three types: IP/MAC filter; Application filter; URL filter.

You can set in the web configuration page: Access Management -> Filter

For each type, there are different filter rules for you to define.

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Filter by IP/MAC

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Key Settings:

IP/MAC Filter Set Editing

IP/MAC Filter Set Index

Select to define set index number. There are twelve sets in all

Interface

Choose an active PVC to set in the pull down menu

Direction

Choose one of the filter direction: Both, Incoming, Outgoing.

IP/MAC Filter Rule Editing

IP/MAC Filter Rule Index

Choose a number as a rule index. There are 6 rules you can configure

Rule Type

You can choose to filter by IP or MAC. If you choose filter by IP, you will need to set source and destination IP as well as port number of those packets you want to filter address according to your need; if choose MAC as filter condition, you may need to set their MAC Addresses from/to where the packets come/go

Protocol

You can choose one of the protocols: (TCP, UDP or ICMP) those to be filtered packets use

Rule Unmatched

Define the action our P660R Tx v3 would take when the packets meets none of the rules.

Ip/MAC Filter Listing

You can check your filter rules have set according to the set Index.

Filter by Application

You can set filter condition by application here.

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Filter by URL

Here you can set filter rule by URL. Click to choose a index number and input its URL. Click „save‟ then you can find the rule listed below. You can set 16 rules here in all.

Here are some recommendations for you when use filter feature: (1) By factory default, ZyXEL has preconfigured many filter sets for your

reference; you can check them in web configuration page as mentioned above. This could satisfy mostly requirement. You could select any of them to apply to the WAN node or LAN Interface on demand.

(2) If you are very advanced user, you could edit filter set by the following command:

sys filter set

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Reference Commands:

sys filter set app enable

Enable application filter

sys filter set app disable

Disable application filter

sys filter set app msn/oscar/real/ymsg [allow/deny]

Allow or deny msn/oscar/real/ymsg sys filter set url enable

Enable URL filter

sys filter set url disable

Disable URL filter

sys filter set add [index] [URL]

Set a URL filter rule. Index is from 0~15.

sys filter set url del [index]

Delete a URL filter rule. Index is from 0~15.

sys filter set save

Save the latest settings of filter

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Support Tool

1. LAN/WAN Packet Trace

The P-660R-Tx v3 packet traces records and analyzes packets running on LAN and WAN interfaces. It is designed for users with technical backgrounds who are interested in the details of the packet flow on LAN or WAN end of P-660R-Tx v3. It is also very helpful for diagnostics if you have compatibility problems with your ISP or if you want to know the details of a packet for configuring a filter rule.

The format of the display is as following:

Packet:

[index] [timer/second][channel-receive/transmit][length] [protocol] [sourceIP/port] [destIP/port]

There are two ways to dump the trace:

Online Trace--display the trace real time on screen Offline Trace--capture the trace first and display later

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Trace packet by telnet

Step 1: Initiate a hyper terminal connection from your PC (suppose you connected to the LAN port of P-660R-Tx v3)

Step 2: Click the „properties‟ to configure parameters to telnet to the

P-660R-Tx v3.

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Step 3: So that after you invoke the relevant commands, you could save the logs you‟ve captured.

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CI Command Reference

Command Syntax and General User Interface

CI has the following command syntax:

command <iface | device > subcommand [param] command subcommand [param] command ? | help command subcommand ? | help

General user interface:

Shows the following commands and all major (sub)commands

exit

Exit Subcommand

To get the latest CI Command list

The latest CI Command list is available in release note of every ZyXEL firmware release. Please go to ZyXEL public WEB site

http://www.zyxel.com/support/download_index.php to download firmware

package (*.zip), you should unzip the package to get the release note in PDF format.