Yorkville Sound AP2020 User Manual
TYPE: AP2020
Manual-Owners-ap2020-2v40.pdf
IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
safety-4v1.eps Aug 26/05
CAUTION:
TO REDUCE THE RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO
NOT REMOVE COVER (OR BACK).
NO USER SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDE.
REFER SERVICING TO QUALIFIED
SERVICE PERSONNEL.
INSTRUCTIONS PERTAINING TO A
RISK OF FIRE, ELECTRIC SHOCK,
OR INJURY TO PERSONS
Read Instructions
The Owner’s Manualshould be read and understood
before operation of your unit. Please, save these instructions for future reference.
Packaging
Keep the box and packaging materials, in case the unit
needs to be returned for service.
Warning
When using electric products, basic precautions should
always be followed, including the following:
Power Sources
Your unit should be connected to a power source only of the voltage
specified in the owners manual or as marked on the unit. This unit has
a polarized plug. Do not use with an extension cord or receptacle
unless the plug can be fully inserted. Precautions should be taken so
that the grounding scheme on the unit is not defeated.
Hazards
Do not place this product on an unstable cart, stand, tripod, bracket or
table. The product may fall, causing serious personal injury and serious
damage to the product. Use only with cart, stand, tripod, bracket, or
table recommended by the manufacturer or sold with the product.
Follow the manufacturer’s instructions when installing the product and
use mounting accessories recommended by the manufacturer.
The apparatus should not be exposed to dripping or splashing water;
no objects filled with liquids should be placed on the apparatus.
Terminals marked with the “lightning bolt” are hazardous live; the
external wiring connected to these terminals require installation by an
instructed person or the use of ready made leads or cords.
No naked flame sources, such as lighted candles, should be
placed on the apparatus.
Power Cord
The AC supply cord should be routed so that it is unlikely that it will be
damaged. If the AC supply cord is damaged DO NOT OPERATE THE UNIT.
Service
The unit should be serviced only by qualified service personnel.
AVIS:
AFIN DE REDUIRE LES RISQUE DE CHOC ELECTRIQUE,
N’ENLEVEZ PAS LE COUVERT (OU LE PANNEAU ARRIERE)
NE CONTIENT AUCUNE PIECE
REPARABLE PAR L’UTILISATEUR.
CONSULTEZ UN TECHNICIEN QUALIFIE
POUR L’ENTRETIENT
INSTRUCTIONS RELATIVES AU RISQUE
DE FEU, CHOC ÉLECTRIQUE, OU
BLESSURES AUX PERSONNES
Veuillez Lire le Manuel
Il contient des informations qui devraient êtres comprises
avant l’opération de votre appareil. Conservez S.V.P. ces
instructions pour consultations ultérieures.
Emballage
Conservez la boite au cas ou l’appareil devait être
retourner pour réparation.
Attention:
Lors de l’utilisation de produits électrique, assurez-vous
d’adhérer à des précautions de bases incluant celle qui
suivent:
Alimentation
L’appareil ne doit être branché qu’à une source d’alimentation
correspondant au voltage spécifié dans le manuel ou tel qu’indiqué sur
l’appareil. Cet appareil est équipé d’une prise d’alimentation polarisée.
Ne pas utiliser cet appareil avec un cordon de raccordement à moins
qu’il soit possible d’insérer complètement les trois lames. Des
précautions doivent êtres prises afin d’eviter que le système de mise à
la terre de l’appareil ne soit désengagé.
Risque
Ne pas placer cet appareil sur un chariot, un support, un trépied ou une
table instables. L’appareil pourrait tomber et blesser quelqu’un ou subir
des dommages importants. Utiliser seulement un chariot, un support,
un trépied ou une table recommandés par le fabricant ou vendus avec
le produit. Suivre les instructions du fabricant pour installer l’appareil et
utiliser les accessoires recommandés par le fabricant.
Il convient de ne pas placer sur l’appareil de sources de flammes
nues, telles que des bougies allumées.
L’appeil ne doit pas être exposé à des égouttements d’eau ou des
éclaboussures et qu’aucun objet rempli de liquide tel que des vases
ne doit être placé sur l’appareil.
Les dispositifs marqués d’une symbole “d’éclair” sont des parties
dangereuses au toucher et que les câblages extérieurs connectés à
ces dispositifs de connection extérieure doivent être effectivés par un
opérateur formé ou en utilisant des cordons déjà préparés.
Cordon d’Alimentation
Évitez d’endommager le cordon d’alimentation. N’UTILISEZ PAS
L’APPAREIL si le cordon d’alimentation est endommagé.
Service
Consultez un technicien qualifié pour l’entretien de votre appareil.
Introduction
Your new Yorkville AP2020 power amplifier is designed and built to provide years of trouble free performance. The AP2020
combines the field proven reliability of our Audiopro amplifiers with customer requested features such as switchable limiters, a
Mono/Stereo/Bridge switch, and SPEAKON™ output connectors as well as binding posts.
The AP2020 weighs a comfortable but solid 35 pounds, fits into two rack spaces, and reproduces music with over 2000
Watts of headroom. It will drive reactive phase shifted loads with no difficulty - even though it is fully protected from accidental short circuits. Our design goal was to create an amplifier, which would do exactly what an amplifier should do: reproduce
music with great power, complete reliability, and uncompromising signal fidelity. We think you will agree that the Yorkville
AP2020 does exactly that.
Inputs
Balanced Inputs
Either XLR or two–circuit ‘Ring, Tip, Sleeve’ Stereo ¼-inch
PHONE cords may be used. Each channel’s XLR input is internally paralleled with its phone input (The TIP of the channel ‘A’
PHONE input is connected to pin 2 of its XLR input, the RING is
connected to pin 3, and the Sleeve is connected to PIN 1). PIN
2 is in phase, PIN 3 is 180 degrees out of phase, and PIN 1 is
ground. We recommend using balanced lines for the best humfree performance, particularly when chaining multiple amplifiers.
Unbalanced Inputs
Ordinary single circuit Standard ¼-inch PHONE plugs may be
used to connect unbalanced signals.IMPORTANT NOTE: Such
plugs effectively connect the ring terminal to sleeve ground,
so they work correctly. However, if you use a Stereo ¼-inch
PHONE plug on an unbalanced line, you MUST short the Ring
terminal to the sleeve terminal, otherwise the sensitivity will be
6 dB lower than is specified! (The same applies to the XLR input:
To connect an unbalanced source via the XLR input, you must
connect the signal to Pin 2 and ground BOTH Pin 1 and Pin 3).
Remote Referencing
You can approach balanced performance with unbalanced
sources by utilizing the remote reference feature of the
AP2020. Connect a balanced cable to the AP2020 just as you
would if you were running a balanced line. At the other end,
connect Pin 3 and Pin 1 together, (or connect ring to sleeve
if you are using a PHONE plug cable), and plug this modified end into your unbalanced piece of equipment. This connection enables the AP2020’s input to look down the cable
directly at the output jack of the unbalanced equipment. Any
hum voltage generated across the cable’s impedance will be
attenuated by the common mode rejection of the AP2020.
Driving Multiple AP2020’s
In large installations it is often desirable to operate many
amplifiers in tandem. Since each channel’s XLR input is internally paralleled with its phone input, you may use the remaining input jack as an output to the next amplifier. Obviously
you will need both XLR to XLR and PHONE to PHONE patch
cords if you are going to tandem more than two amplifiers.
NOTE: These patch cords MUST be balanced whether the
input signal is balanced or unbalanced!
Ground Switch
Switching the ground switch on the rear panel will disconnect
chassis ground from circuit ground. Safety (earth) ground is
still connected to the chassis. We do not recommend lifting
the ground strap unless you are experiencing problems with
ground loop hum in multiple amplifier setups where lifting the
ground straps of all but one amplifier cures the hum problem
CAUTION: Sometimes hum problems are an indication of
improper AC wiring somewhere else in your system. Don’t
just doctor the symptom by lifting grounds. Fix the cause by
making sure that the proper electrical wiring safety regulations have been adhered to.
Modes
The AP2020 can be configured for dual-MONO, STEREO, or
BRIDGED MONO operation via this rear panel MODE switch.
The following is a description of each mode:
Mono Mode
• Channel A & B inputs are paralleled.
• Each gain control adjusts the signal level for its
respective channel
• Output signals are of equal phase.
• Two loads are driven.
• Loads are connected between the BLACK and RED post
on each channel.
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Stereo Mode
• Channel A and B inputs are separate.
• Two independent amplifiers, Amp A and Amp B.
• Two loads are driven.
• Loads are connected between the BLACK and RED posts
on each channel.
Bridge Mode
• Channel A and B inputs are paralleled. GAIN B has no effect.
• Output signals are equal in amplitude but opposite in phase.
• One load is driven.
• The load is connected between the two RED binding
posts. The BLACK posts are not used.
DC Protection
In the unlikely event of the AP2020’s outputs going DC, a
thyristor circuit will short the output terminals and divert all
potentially harmful currents away from your speakers.
Thermal Protection
In the unlikely event that the AP2020 overheats, the signal will
be sporadically cut off and the PROTECT LED will stay on. If
further heating occurs, due to some malfunction, an internal
thermal breaker will interrupt the primary circuit. There is
no visible indication of this rare condition. The AP2020 is
designed and tested to operate under “worst case” conditions
without shutting down, so if you experience a thermal shut
down you should check for blocked air flow.
Subsonic Filter Switch
The AP2020 features a specially designed subsonic filter,
which effectively blocks potentially destructive energy in the
band below 40 Hz. The filter provides a 12 dB/octave. Skirt
below 40 Hz. It is implemented with a two-pole network
designed to minimize phase shift down to 40 Hz. We recommend using this filter in conjunction with some subwoofers
and with all high power full range cabinets. With the filter
disabled, the AP2020 is flat down to 20 Hz, and rolls off at
12dB/Oct below that.
Limiter Switch
With the internal limiters activated, the AP2020’s gain is continuously adjusted to fit the signal within the available dynamic
range. Occasional clipping is permitted. The limiters will not
only help to protect your system’s horns and tweeters, but will
automatically make the best use of the available dynamic headroom. With the limiters activated, all you need to do is turn up
the signal level until you start to see some clipping. The limiters
will make sure that you are getting the maximum clean power
output at all times. Setting the switch to the IN position completely disables both limiters.
Protect LED
In the event of a shorted load or a load which is of too low
an impedance for the amplifier to handle the PROTECT LED
will flash alternately on and off at about 3 second intervals.
The sound may come on and off at ½ second intervals. In this
case, the fault is in the speakers or the speaker cables and
should be located and remedied. No reset of the AP2020 is
required to restore proper operation. The PROTECT LED will
stay on if the amplifier has overheated. Check the speaker
load impedance and any restrictions to air flow at the air
intake or exhaust vents of the amplifier.
Short Circuit Protection
The AP2020 is fully protected against all possible passive load
conditions. It can operate into a dead short continuously without damage. (However, we don’t recommend that you short
your AP2020 “just for fun.” Shorts do create a lot of stress
on the output devices). The output stage uses a unique triple
slope VI-limiting scheme, which is sophisticated enough to
remain inert during transient currents in excess of 50 Amperes
and phase angles of more than 45 degrees, yet is capable of
protecting the output stage from damage due to accidental
short circuits and improper loads.
Cooling
The fan draws air in from the front and expels hot air through
the rear vents. This is compatible with most installations.
Since hot air rises, the heated air forcibly expelled from the
back tends to rise away from the equipment rack. This draws
cool air from the floor upwards into the front of the rack. In
some cases where the rear of the rack is obstructed, it may
be necessary to install rack fans to aid cooling. If there are no
obstructions, no secondary cooling is required.
Fan Filter Maintenance
The AP2020 is factory equipped with a fan filter mounted
on the air-intake grill located on the amplifier’s front panel.
Regular cleaning of this filter will increase the amplifier’s
long-term reliability. The filter should be removed and washed
at the first sign of visible clogging. This will typically occur
every four to six weeks depending on use and environment.
Replacement filters are inexpensive and can be ordered
through Yorkville dealers. The foam filter should be removed
if a regular inspection schedule is not going to be followed.
The amplifier can operate without the filter in place, but a
qualified service technician should clean the amplifier internally when dust is visible on the heatsink fins.
Note: In an unusually dusty location, without regular filter
inspections, removing the foam filter can extend the operating time before thermal shutdown could occur. At that time,
the internal heatsinks should be cleaned thoroughly
Clip LEDs
The CLIP LEDs on the front panel will visibly indicate any signal excursion beyond the dynamic headroom of the amplifier.
Reliability
The AP2020 is designed and manufactured by Yorkville
Sound. Each unit undergoes a thorough, temperature cycled
burn-in period, and each circuit is tested by both manual and
sophisticated computer controlled equipment which is capable
of identifying any deviation from the design center parameters.
The design of the AP2020 is conservative with respect to the
power handling capabilities of the output devices. The topology guarantees that thermal stress not secondary breakdown
will set the limits of operation, while the computer optimized
heat dissipation system insures that excessive thermal stress will
not occur. Yorkville’s reputation as a manufacturer of reliable
equipment will be further enhanced by the AP2020.
CAUTION: The AP2020 can deliver over 2100 Watts of power into a bridged load. Yorkville’s own high power speaker systems
have circuit-breaker protection built in. These speakers will protect themselves and thus are unlikely to be damaged by a bridged
AP2020. However, many other speaker manufacturers make “high power cabinets” with no protection features at all. Yorkville
Sound is not responsible for any damage, which may result as a consequence of exceeding such a speaker’s power handling capability. Yorkville’s Two Year Unconditional Warranty does not cover any consequential damages to non-Yorkville equipment. Please
consider these facts carefully before you choose to run your AP2020 in Bridge Mode!
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The AP2020 is not only suitable for use in both heavy duty
One Channel Driven
Load 1KHz 1KHz 1KHz 1KHz
(ohms) Cont. Avg. Burst Cont. Avg. Burst
2-ohm Mode 2-ohm Mode 4-ohm Mode 4-ohm Mode
2-ohm Mode 2-ohm Mode 4-ohm Mode 4-ohm Mode
2-ohm Mode 2-ohm Mode 4-ohm Mode 4-ohm Mode
8 330 350 425 475
4 550 650 725 870
2 850 1050 n/a n/a
Both Channels Driven
Load 1KHz 1KHz 1KHz 1KHz
(ohms) Cont. Avg. Burst Cont. Avg. Burst
8 250 350 400 450
4 460 650 615 800
2 650 1050 n/a n/a
Bridge Mode
Load 1KHz 1KHz 1KHz 1KHz
(ohms) Cont. Avg. Burst Cont. Avg. Burst
8 950 1200 1250 1600
4 1300 2100 n/a n/a
2 n/a n/a n/a n/a
MODE SWITCH
2-ohm 4-ohm
touring sound reinforcement systems but also when high headroom and low distortion are needed to fully reproduce the
dynamic range and clarity of today’s CD recordings. It is built
to survive grueling road conditions and constant 2-ohm operation. Its reliability in a fixed installation running 4 or 8-ohm
studio monitors is without parallel.
ONLY switch modes when the amplifier’s power switch is OFF!
This feature is intended to be used where the load is known.
PLEASE NOTE: In the 4-ohm configuration, the minimum
load per channel is 4-ohms and the minimum BRIDGE load
is 8–ohms. Attempting to operate into 2-ohm loads while in
the 4-ohms configuration will cause the amplifier to go into
current limit, thermal limit, or both. The power specification
chart in this manual shows the powers that can be achieved
for various configurations and loads.
Output Connections
WARNING: When driven to full power in Bridge Mode here
is more than 70 Vrms appearing between the binding posts.
This represents a significant shock hazard and due care
should be taken when making any speaker connections.
Ensure that no strands of bare conductor are exposed after
inserting the speaker wire into the hole in the side of the
binding post terminals.
The AP2020 has 5–way binding posts and Neutrik four contact Speakon™ connectors for output speaker connections.
Connection to the binding posts can either be made with a
forked lug on the post’s neck or banana plug inserted into the
end of the post.
There are three Speakon™ connectors, one for each channel
output and a third for bridge/bi-amp connections. All three
connectors are connected to the amplifier’s outputs whether
the amplifier is in stereo mono or bridge modes. Connection
configurations are labeled on the back panel. Each Speakon™
output connector (output A, output B) is wired in parallel with
it’s respective binding posts for two channel two cable connections (figure 1).
The Bridge/Bi–amp connector contains both channels on
one connector. This is convenient when connecting one
speaker to the amplifier in bridge mode where the speaker
is connected across the positives of each amplifier output.
Configure the mode switch for bridge and connect the speaker
to pins +1 and +2 of the bridge/bi-amp Speakon (figure 3).
To connect a bi-amp speaker, configure the amplifier for
stereo and connect to the bridge/bi-amp connector but use all
four terminals in the Speakon connector which will connect A
and B outputs separately to the speaker (figure 2).
Impedance Mode Switch
The AP2020 comes factory configured to deliver it’s maximum power into a 2-ohm load. However, it is possible to
switch your AP2020 to deliver it’s maximum power into 4ohms. The switch is located on the rear panel above the line
cord. 2-ohm mode is selected if the switch is in the LEFT position, 4-ohm mode is selected if the switch if the switch is in the
right position. To prevent damage to the amplifier’s circuitry
Power Output
All values are in WATTS. Measurements were made at
the 0.1% distortion point. Some CONTINUOUS AVERAGE
POWER measurements required line currents greater than
15 Amps. The amplifier under test was plugged into an
IDEAL POWER LINE consisting of a REGULATED 120 VAC
RMS 60 Hz pure sine wave. Ordinary AC “wall outlet” lines
will always exhibit varying and unpredictable amounts of
sag. To produce objectively verifiable and accurate specifications these unknown factors must be eliminated by using
an ideal AC line. When using an ordinary electrical outlet, it
will usually be possible to get 2400 Watts when the AP2020
is bridged into 4 ohms. The BURST measurements use
a 10mS burst at 1KHz with a 1/8 second pause between
bursts. The 1KHz burst represents the maximum possible
sine wave output power.
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