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Vacuum Pump
BULLET®X
Operation and Maintenance
Models: 93600, 93610, 93640, 93690
Manual
PART #144310 Rev.B 5/20
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Table of Contents
Features of Your New Pump....................................................................................3
The Purpose of the BULLET
Important Steps of Initial Start-up...........................................................................5
Vacuum Tips for Best Performance.........................................................................5, 6
Dual Voltage Motor Power Conversion.....................................................................6
Basic Troubleshooting............................................................................................7
• Four Most Common Problems
• Oil Leakage
• The Steps to Solving 95% of All Problems
Diagnostic Chart.....................................................................................................8, 9
Replacement Parts.................................................................................................10
Warranty and Service..............................................................................................11
®
X Design.......................................................................4
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Important Notices to Purchaser
Check for damage immediately.
Prior to shipment, all YELLOW JACKET
BULLET®X Vacuum Pumps are completely
tested and inspected to assure compliance
with Ritchie Engineering factory specifications.
If the pump carton is damaged, check
contents immediately. Note damage on
shipper’s bill of lading and have shipper
sign your statement. Notify the carrier
immediately of the damage to arrange
inspection of the pump and packaging.
The CARRIER ALONE is responsible for
handling and settling your claim. Ritchie
®
Engineering will cooperate in assessing
damage if the pump is returned to the
factory prepaid.
CARTON CONTENTS INCLUDE:
• BULLET®X Pump
• Bottle of YELLOW JACKET® Premium
Vacuum Pump Oil
• Owner’s manual
• Warranty registration card
Warning
• This unit generates a deep vacuum that can be harmful to human tissue. Do not expose
any part of the human body to the vacuum.
• Do not operate this unit with the exhaust blocked or restricted. Remove red shipping
cap prior to use.
• Keep unit a minimum of 4” (10 cm) from objects to provide adequate cooling of motor.
• Continuous sound pressure level of this unit can exceed 70dB.
• Wear goggles and protective clothing when using this product.
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Features of Your New Pump
Heavy duty steel handle for
well-balanced carrying
1/4” x 3/8” x 3/8” intake
fittings with integrated
check valve
1/2 HP motor,
heavy-duty rotors
and bearings
Built-in cooling fins
help pump run cool and
increase performance
Wide-mouth reservoir port
for easy, clean oil fills
Elongated sight glass for
better oil level monitoring
Large brass oil drain for
convenient, fast oil changes
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The Purpose of the BULLET®X Design
The BULLET®X Pump is a 2-stage ro tary
vane design (Fig.1) that increases efficiency and speeds pump down to 30 microns.
The pump lowers the internal pressure of
a refrigeration system until moisture boils
into a vapor. As the moisture is vaporized,
it is evacuated by the pump to help dehydrate the system. Most technicians try to
achieve between 250 and 1000 microns.
A manometer or electronic vacuum gauge
are the only ways to monitor evacuation progress. Manometer readings are
approximate in inches of mercury. Only
an electronic vacuum gauge is accurate
enough to show when you reach the
desired mi cron range.
As the chart shows, only an electronic
gauge reads fine differences to provide
assurance that the vacuum is low enough
to boil the greatest possible amount of
moisture.
Boiling Temp
of Water
212°F (100°C) 0 760,000
151°F (66°C) 22.05 200,000
101°F (38°C) 27.95 50,000
78°F (26°C) 28.95 25,000
35°F (2°C) 29.72 5,000
1°F (17°C) 29.882 1,000
-50°F (-46°C) 29.919 50
Inches
Mercury
Microns
How One Small Drop Dampens Your
Profits.
A small drop of moisture can hurt your
profits and reputation.
During new system set-up, protective caps
are removed admitting moisture and air
into system components.
Fig.1
First stage exhausts into the intake of the second stage
similar to two single stage pumps connected together.
If air – a non-condensible – remains in the
system, it collects on the high side reducing system efficiency. This causes a rise
in head pressure. The discharge valve gets
hotter than normal and organic solids form
causing compressor failure.
Moisture in the system can form ice which
closes off openings in expansion valves
and cap tubes, and prevent adequate
cooling.
Ultimately moisture and air can produce
acids and sludge which could cause
in -warranty failures.
During service and parts replacement,
the same contaminants get in again, and
you could be called back for repairs by a
dissatisfied customer.
Moisture and air can even enter through
system leaks. And as the moisture in
the air increases, so does the amount of
contamination. The higher the humidity,
the bigger your problem.
A vacuum pump “pulls” air and moisture
out of the system before the system is
damaged. The higher and more complete
the vacuum, the more moisture is removed.
That’s why your BULLET®X Pump is specifically engineered for high vacuums.
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Important Steps of Initial Start-Up
1. Make sure motor is off and name plate
voltage on motor bottom matches outlet
voltage. (See page 6 for voltage power
conversion if voltage mismatch exists)
2. Remove oil fill cap on pump cover.
Fill with YELLOW JACKET® BULLET®X
Pump Oil until oil level is even with oil
level line.
3. Stay clear of the oil fill/exhaust port!
Remove intake cap to open intake to
the atmosphere and then switch on
the motor. When pump reaches running
speed, replace cap.
4. To check the pump’s performance,
attach a micron gauge to the 1/4” male
flare fitting, making sure that the intake
fitting is capped. Turn on the pump. The
micron gauge will display the ultimate
vacuum reached.
Vacuum Tips for Best Performance
Quick Tips:
5. Improve cold weather starting by
opening intake and running your pump
for 1 minute.
6. When turning pump off, open intake
fitting to break vacuum just prior to
shut-off.
7. Disconnect pump and put cap on intake
to keep out contaminants.
8. If an extension cord is needed, refer to
the below chart for proper sizing.
RECOMMENDED EXTENSION
CORD SIZES
Total Extension Cord Length (feet)
25’ 50’ 100’
16 Ga. 14 Ga. 12 Ga.
Wire Gauge (AWG)
1. For the fastest vacuum, connect your
pump directly to the system. Going
through a manifold slows the job.
2. Use as large of a hose as possible, even
though the system has 1/4” fittings. A
1/2” or 3/8” hose allows a much faster
and more complete vacuum.
3. Use as short of a hose as practical to
get maximum evacuation speed. Short
hoses make evacuation faster than
longer hoses. Long hoses slow the
process.
4. Metal hoses are the most impervious
so will be most effective in evacuation.
5. Evacuate through both high and low
sides at the same time to speed up
evacuation.
6. Use the 4-in-1 Vacuum/Charge Valve &
Core Tool (Part #18975) to remove the
Schrader valves
from the system and
evacuate through
unrestricted lines for
a faster and higher
vacuum. Removing
Schraders saves over 30% in time.
7. Use two pumps on very large systems
to reduce vacuum time. Put one of the
pumps on the low side of the system
and one pump on the high side of the
system.
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8. Use a SuperEvac™ System I or II to
decrease vacuum
time by over 50%.
These systems
include a 2-valve
vacuum manifold
and two 3/8”
vacuum hoses which can evacuate
three times faster than a 1/4” hose.
9. Use a heat gun on the condenser and
evaporator to speed the evacuation
process.
If you think there is excessive moisture, blow out the AC&R system with dry
nitrogen wherever possible. This reduces
the amount of contaminants that must
be “pulled” into the pump and increases
evacuation speed.
Use a nitrogen regulator valve with pressure limited to 150 psi and a frangible
disc device set at 175 PSIG.
Oil Changes: CHANGE OIL AFTER EACH
USAGE to protect pump components from
contaminants pulled into pump during
service. Place used oil in a sealable
container and dispose properly in accordance with local regulations.
Dual Voltage Motor Power Conversion (if applicable)
STEP 1
Disconnect the
motor from the
power supply
and remove.
Remove the yellow
“CAUTION” sticker
from the back of
the motor.
STEP 2
Pull up on the white plastic “arrow”
switch using needle-nosed pliers until
the switch is loose
inside the motor
housing (it will not
come completely
out of the motor).
NOTE: Do not try to
turn or rotate the
switch until it has
been pulled up and is loose.
*Warranty is void if the set vacuum pump voltage does not match the power supply. Dual voltage
motors are factory set to 230V/50Hz.
STEP 3
Point the arrow
toward the desired
voltage setting and
push the switch
back down into the
motor. The arrow on
the switch should
be sub-flush of the
motor housing when correctly installed at
the desired voltage.
HI = 230 VAC / 50 Hz
LO = 115 VAC / 60 Hz
STEP 4
Replace the yellow
“CAUTION” sticker over
the voltage selector
switch.
Ensure that the voltage
setting corresponds
with the power supply that the motor is
plugged into.
*
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Basic Troubleshooting
Four Most Common Comments on
Pump Return Paperwork:
1. “Will not pump”. This usually means
the pump will not pull a high enough
vacuum. This can be caused by valve
being left open, missing O-rings under
caps or contaminated oil.
SUGGESTION: Change valve and
O-rings change oil twice and recheck
vacuum.
2. “Will not pull below 1000 microns”.
SUGGESTION: Check for O-rings. Test
pump to determine actual pull down.
Remove all hoses and connect vacuum
sensor directly to pump.
3. “Noisy”. Pumps are noisy when they
have not achieved a high vacuum. In
intermediate vacuum, there will be oil,
vane and exhaust noises.
SUGGESTION: Listen to the pump at
high vacuum. If relatively quiet, the
pump is running properly. If still noisy,
there may be a system leak.
4. “Repair and return”. This is the most
difficult return comment to handle,
since we are unsure of what needs to
be done to keep the customer satisfied.
SUGGESTION: Be specific about the
problem with your pump if returning it.
Starting Problems
• Be sure pump is plugged into live
receptacle with line voltage plus or
minus 10% of voltage on motor nameplate. Long extension cords can greatly
reduce voltage and cause problems.
• Pump/oil temperature must be 30°F
(-1°C) or higher. Open intake to atmosphere and switch on pump; run up to
speed before connecting to system.
• Your BULLET®X Pump features a heavy-
duty high torque motor for cold weather
starting, but dirty oil makes starting
more difficult, causing unnecessary
wear on your unit.
• Dropping your pump can damage it. In
a locked pump condition, motor will not
run and the thermal overload will kick
out.
• Disconnect power cord and set pump
with front cover face down on table.
Reach into coupling area and try to
rotate the coupling. Do not use pliers
if the pump does not rotate, it is
"locked up."
Oil Leakage
• If leak develops between front and
rear half of oil case, tighten all screws.
Replace gasket if necessary.
• If shaft seal leaks, replace it.
• Wipe pump dry and watch for source of
leak. Tighten screws and repair.
The Steps to Solving 95%
of All Problems
1. Check oil level when pump is running.
It should be between the minimum and
maximum markings on the cover for
proper operation.
2. Check vacuum pump. Connect micron
gauge directly to the 1/4” port and cap
intake port. Turn on pump, open the
valve and check vacuum reading. If
reading is good, check the system for
leaks. OR, if testing a system, isolate
pump with blank-off valve and get
vacuum reading from the pump alone.
If the pump does not pull and stay at
a good vacuum level, run until hot and
change oil.
3. Check all flare connections. Make
sure they are tight.
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Diagnostics Chart
Condition Pump Area Possible Problem Solution
Quiet pump
Dirty oil
Drive coupling or set screw loose
Bent or broken exhaust valve
Pump not oiling
Vanes not functioning
Flush 1 to 3 times
Repair or replace
Repair or replace
Call factory
Call factory
Poor
Vacuum
Oil Leaks
Pump
Won’t Start
Ultimate of pump
does not meet
mfg. spec (when
read with thermocouple gauge)
Exhaust
Seal
Case
Motor stalled
hot/cold
Pump dropped
Micron gauge malfunction
Poor motor performance
Dirty oil
Air leaks
System leaks
Fitting sealant compound
Oil level high
System vented pressure through
pump
Pump tipped over
Worn or damaged seal
Motor loose
Gasket bolts loose
Oil drain fitting
Gasket damaged
Damaged motor
Damaged pump
Closed intake on pumps
Low voltage
Cold weather cut-out
Call factory
Verify with second gauge
Repair or replace
Flush 1 to 3 times
Repair or replace
Isolate/repair
Repair or replace
Adjust oil level
Check oil level, add or
replace oil
Check oil level, add or
replace oil
Replace
Adjust/tighten, check seal
Tighten
Repair or replace
Replace
Repair or replace
Replace/call factory
Open intake fitting
Shorter extension cord
Open intake fitting for 10-15
sec. to warm up while starting
Poor
Vacuum
Noisy pump
System leaks
Low oil level
Dirty oil
Worn pump
Air leaks and fittings or gasket
seals
Repair leaks
Add/replace
Flush 1 to 3 times
Replace module, call factory
Replace/repair
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Diagnostics Chart continued
Condition Pump Area Possible Problem Solution
Unusually
Noisy
High
Temperature
Worn motor
Motor areas
Pump cartridge
Motor Low voltage
Pump
Losse motor bolts
Drive coupling
Dirt, low, improper oil
Air leaks:
1. Caps/connections
2. Gaskets/O-rings
3. Fittings
4. System leak
Dirty oil
Low oil
Parts friction
Too small for system
Air leaks
Replace motor
Tighten bolts
Adjust/replace coupling
Flush and replace oil
Tighten
Replace/put on oil
Replace/reseal
Isolate pump with blank-off
Value and repair system leak
Use properly sized extension
cord
Flush and replace
Add/replace
Replace oil/call factory
Size pump for system
Replace/repair
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D
C
B
8
7
6
5
4
3 2
1
Replacement Parts
93399
93394
92961
93050
93641
OR
93513
93047
93031
92964
92962
92959
92950
Part # Description Part # Description
92942
93262
92963
93368
92941
92940
93390
93391
92935
92960
92933
93641 Motor 93394 1/4 Flare Cap and Strap
93513 1/2 hp Motor Dual Voltage 115/60,
93399 3/8 Flare Cap and Strap
230/50hz
93031 Shaft Seal 92941 Bullet Pump Handle
92959 Universal Pump Leg 92961 Bullet Anti Suckback asm
93047 Drive Coupling 95431 8' EU Cord Detachable iec-320
93050 Coupling Spider For 93047 95432 8' UK Cord Detachable iec-320
93262 Cartridge Centering Ring 92950 7 cfm Cartridge with Intake Gasket
92933 Sight Glass Screws 92942 Pump Cover Gasket
92935 Sight Glass (Glass+ O-Ring Only) 92940 Cartridge Baffle
92960 Sight Glass (Bezel + Screws Only) 92962 Cartridge Gasket
93368 Oil Drain Plug asm 92963 Pump Cover Assembly
93390 Oil Fill Cap asm 92964 Mount Body Assembly
93391 Oil Fill Fitting
Damaged supply cords must be replaced by special assemblies available from the manufacturer or its distributors
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Warranty Information
Ritchie Engineering guarantees YELLOW
JACKET® products to be free of defective
material and workmanship which could
affect the life of the product when used
for the purpose for which it was designed.
This warranty does not cover items that
have been altered, abused (including
failure to use the correct type of vacuum
pump oil) or returned solely in need of field
service maintenance.
How to Obtain Service
Most returned pumps are merely in need of
normal field service maintenance, such as
changing oil or making minor adjustments.
In many instances, the troubleshooting information in this manual can save
you the time and effort of returning your
pump. When the information contained in
this manual, however, does not solve the
problem, please call for service.
If found defective, we will either replace
or repair at our option products within
warranty period. Returns must be prepaid.
Warranty does not cover use of lithium
bromide, ammonia or leak stop type
products.
See www.yellowjacket.com to register
your product or contact customer service
for full warranty details.
Contact the Ritchie Engineering Customer
Service Department:
Phone: (952) 943-1333 or
(800) 769-8370
Fax: (952) 943-1605 or
(800) 322-8684
E-mail: [email protected]
You will receive personal help to determine
if the problem can be solved without
sending your pump to the factory and
taking it out of service.
Ritchie Engineering Company, Inc.
YELLOW JACKET® Products Division
10950 Hampshire Avenue South
Bloomington, MN 55438-2623 USA
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: www.yellowjacket.com
Phone: (800) 769-8370
(952) 943-1333 INTL
Fax: (800) 322-8684
(952) 943-1605 INTL
©2020 Ritchie Engineering Company, Inc. Printed in the USA PART #144310 Rev.B
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