Link CX-24 User’s Manual
Table 2.6 – Electrical Connection Checklist
Checklist Item Verified Inspector Date
Is the proper voltage supplied to the Link CX-24
(PWR/LCL ALM LED on)?
Is the Link CX-24 receiving signal from the radio link
(RF LINK LED on)?
When the Link CX-24 is connected to DS-3 or
equipment, is the Link CX-24 receiving the expected
signal
(DATA LED on)?
When the Link CX-24 is connected to Ethernet
equipment on port ETHERNET 1, is the Link CX-24
receiving the expected signal (ENET 1 LED on or
flashing)?
When the Link CX-24 is connected to Ethernet
equipment on port ETHERNET 2, is the Link CX-24
receiving the expected signal (ENET 2 LED on or
flashing)?
The next series of acceptance tests requires you to log in to the built-in web server with a computer
equipped with a web browser.
52 Connect your computer to the Link CX-24 through the Ethernet equipment connected to the
ETHERNET 1 or ETHERNET 2 port.
53 Log in to the Link CX-24 built-in web server to display the Monitor page as described in Section
2.10.2.
54 Make sure the Automatic Tx Power Control indicated in the lower half of the Monitor page is set to
Disabled.
55 Record the RSSI indicated at the top of the Monitor page. Save this number for later troubleshooting.
56 If you are acceptance testing DS-3 versions of the Link CX-24, continue with Step 57. If you are
acceptance testing Ethernet versions of the Link CX-24, continue with Step 58.
Testing DS-3 Link CX-24s
57 Go to the Test page and verify that the Link CX-24 passes the tests in Table 2.7.
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Table 2.7 – DS-3 Internal Circuit and Radio Link Checklist
Checklist Item Verified Inspector Date
Does the Link CX-24 input circuitry and DS-3 cabling
work properly? (Set up Local + Remote Loopback and
verify that the DS-3 equipment is receiving the loopedback signal it is transmitting to the Link CX-24.)
Does the Link CX-24 radio circuitry work properly? (Set
up Radio Loopback and verify that the DS-3 equipment
is receiving the looped-back signal it is transmitting to
the Link CX-24.)
Do the near-end and far-end Link CX-24 radio circuits
and radio paths work properly? (Set up BER Test and
verify that the near-end Link CX-24 is receiving the
looped-back BER test signal it is transmitting to the farend Link CX-24.)
Does the end-to-end radio link work properly? (Select No
Test and verify that the DS-3 equipment at both ends of
the radio link are receiving the signal transmitted to it by
the remote DS-3 equipment.)
Testing Ethernet Link CX-24s
58 Verify that the Link CX-24 passes the tests in Table 2.8. Note that this test uses Ethernet pings from
to ensure that the Ethernet paths and links are working properly.
Table 2.8 – Ethernet Internal Circuit and Radio Link Checklist
Checklist Item Verified Inspector Date
Does the near-end Link CX-24 input circuitry and
Ethernet cabling work properly?
(Use external equipment to ping the near-end Link CX24 to verify that its Ethernet equipment is responding
correctly.)
Do the near-end and far-end Link CX-24 radio circuits
and radio paths work properly?
(Use external equipment to ping the far-end Link CX-24
to verify that its Ethernet equipment is responding
correctly.)
Does the end-to-end radio link work properly?
(Connect a known-good external Ethernet equipment to
the far-end Link CX-24 ETHERNET 1 or ETHERNET 2
connector. Use external equipment connected to the
near-end Link CX-24 to ping the external equipment
connected to the far-end Link CX-24 to verify that its
Ethernet equipment is responding correctly.)
When all of the acceptance tests in this section have been completed and all Checklist items have been
verified, the Link CX-24 radio link has been verified. The Inspector marks for all tested items constitute
acceptance of the Link CX-24 equipment and the associated radio link.
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The user is now required to finish configuring the Link CX-24 after physical installation. The Link CX-24
includes a built-in HTML-based web server, which includes configuration, operating, monitoring and test
pages. This web server can be accessed locally using a Web browser on a Craft PC, or remotely using
any Web browser on the same Ethernet network as the Link CX-24. The initial configuration has already
been done using a Craft PC at the Link CX-24 site, and all other operation and maintenance tasks can be
performed remotely or locally, as required.
2.16 Final Link CX-24 Configuration
This section details final Link CX-24 setup using a Craft PC, and provides step-by-step software update
instructions. The Link CX-24 should be in the following state:
• Powered on.
• Antenna aligned with far end antenna.
• Acceptance tested.
• No Loop-backs or other tests active.
• Carrying, or capable of carrying, payload data.
• Transmit attenuation disabled.
• Transmitting at minimum required transmit power (Automatic Tx Power Control disabled, unless
required).
Obtain a copy of the information entered in Table 2.3, Radio Link Planning Worksheet, and continue with
the following steps:
1. Record the RSSI level from Step 55 in the previous section for future reference. The Step 55 value is
the RSSI level with Automatic Tx Power Control disabled.
2. Connect your computer to the Link CX-24 through the Ethernet equipment connected to the
ETHERNET 1 or ETHERNET 2 port.
3. Log in to the Link CX-24 built-in web server to display the Monitor page as described in Section
2.10.2.
4. Go to the Test page, and verify that No Test is selected.
5. Go to the Commission Radio page, and verify that the entries on this page match the entries in Table
2.3, Radio Link Planning Worksheet. Make sure the Tx Attenuation is set to No attenuation, and that
Automatic Tx Power Control is set to Enable.
6. Go to the Commission Manager Interfaces page, and verify that the entries on this page match the
entries in Table 2.3, Radio Link Planning Worksheet.
You can upgrade the login security of the Link CX-24 at this time. If you want to restrict access to the
Link CX-24, consider the following:
• If the Link CX-24 does not have a Login Name and Password, you can assign one now.
• If the Link CX-24 allows login from any IP address, you may want to restrict login to only one or
two IP addresses. MAKE SURE the Craft PC IP address is included if you select this option.
• If the Link CX-24 is set to broadcast SNMP traps to the Public community, you can restrict
broadcasts to a different community.
• If the Link CX-24 is set to broadcast SNMP traps to multiple IP addresses, you can restrict
broadcasts to fewer IP addresses.
• If the Link CX-24 is set to allow read-write access from the Public community, you can restrict
read-write access to a different community.
• If the Link CX-24 is set to allow read-write access from any or multiple IP addresses, you can
restrict read-write access to fewer IP addresses.
• If the Link CX-24 is set to allow read-only access from the Public community, you can restrict read-
only access to a different community.
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• If the Link CX-24 is set to allow read-only access from any IP address, you can restrict read-only
access to fewer IP addresses.
7. When required, make any security upgrades as described in Step 6.
The Link CX-24 is now fully configured, tested, and operational, and should continue to operate
unattended. Continue with Section 3 for monitoring and trend analysis, and refer to Section 4 for
troubleshooting information.
2.17 Updating the Link CX-24 Software
To update the Link CX-24 software, perform the following procedures at both ends of the radio link. Note
that when you are updating Ethernet models of the Link CX-24, you should update the far-end Link CX-24
first, and the near-end Link CX-24 second to ensure that you do not lose radio communications with the
far end.
Note: This procedure will take down the radio link until the update procedure is completed at both
ends of the radio link.
1. Connect your web browser to the Link CX-24:
• For a DS-3 Link CX-24, connect your web browser-equipped Craft PC or desktop PC to the Link
CX-24 as described in Section 2.10.1.
• For an Ethernet Link CX-24, make sure that your web browser-equipped Craft PC or desktop PC
is connected to the same network as the Link CX-24.
2. Log into the Link CX-24 website by opening location http://<IP Address>/ in your web browser.
• For a DS-3 Link CX-24, your web browser-equipped Craft PC or desktop PC is directly connected
to the Link CX-24.
• For an Ethernet Link CX-24, make sure that you log into the Link CX-24 at the far end of the radio
link and update it first.
3. Navigate to the Update Software web page. A sample Update Software page for DS-3 is shown in
Fig 2.18, and for Ethernet in Fig. 2.19.
Figure 2.18 – Typical DS-3 Update Software Web Page
Figure 2.19 – Typical Ethernet Update Software Web Page
4. Using the radio buttons, select the software version you are to overwrite. Usually, this will be the
lower-numbered version, or the version you are not currently using.
5. Contact Customer Support for instructions to FTP the software files to the Link CX-24.
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6. When the software has been FTPd to the Link CX-24, return to the Update Software page. This
process has deleted the selected software load with the new software load. Do not activate the new
software load until both ends have received their new software loads.
7. Repeat Step 1 through Step 6 of this update process for the near-end Link CX-24, and then continue
with Step 8.
8. Now that both ends of the radio link have the new software load in memory, do the following to
activate the new software load as follows:
9. Log into the far-end Link CX-24 and navigate to the Update Software page.
10. Select the new software load and click Reboot. The far-end Link CX-24 reboots and activates the
new software load.
11. Log into the near-end Link CX-24 and navigate to the Update Software page.
12. Select the new software load and click Reboot. The near-end Link CX-24 reboots and activates the
new software load. Should the radio link not be restored, make sure that both ends of the radio link
are using the same software load.
Both of the Link CX-24s on the radio link now are using the new software load and the previous
configuration parameters, and as soon as they resynchronize their signals, the radio link is restored.
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Section 3
Monitoring and Trend Analysis
60000
3.1 Built-In Web Server Interface
Each Link CX-24 and radio link can be monitored through either the built-in Web server or SNMP agent
interfaces.
A subset of the SNMP-accessible statistics is available through the Web server interface connected to a
web browser over an Ethernet link. These statistics can be read by logging in to display the Monitor page,
as shown in Appendix C. Statistics can be repeatedly sampled using the Web browser reload or refresh
feature.
The easiest indicator to monitor is the RSSI. Keep a record of the RSSI levels measured in Step 55 in
Section 2. The Step 55 value is the RSSI level with Automatic Tx Power Control disabled (transmitting at
maximum power), with Automatic Tx Power Control disabled.
A properly designed radio link with a 20 dB or greater fade margin should indicate receive levels in the
area of -60 dBm at Link CX-24 sites. The accuracy of the indicated RSSI is approximately ±5 dB over a
range of -90 dBm to -65 dBm.
3.2 SNMP Network and Element Management Systems
3.2.1 SNMP Details
All monitored statistics are available through SNMP queries. In addition to MIB-II variables, productspecific variables are available through the Link CX-24 enterprise MIB, which can be retrieved via FTP
from F:/PUB/link_cx.mib (text file) in the Link CX-24 file system. Most commercial SNMP NMSs and
EMSs have the ability to sample variables over time and display trends and raise alarms based on
defined thresholds. In addition, applicable SNMP traps are supported and can be used to raise alarms on
the NMS and/or EMS.
Any standard SNMP NMS or EMS can be used to monitor and control the Link CX-24 network and
individual Link CX-24 radios.
The Link CX-24 has an enterprise MIB provided in standard ASCII format, which can be accessed for
printing. When a software upgrade is performed, the self-extracting file places all directories and
associated files necessary for the upgrade in a location specified by the operator at the time the selfextracting file is executed. One of the directories created is /PUB, which contains the printable enterprise
ASCII text MIB file named link_cx.mib.
The enterprise MIB file is also stored in FLASH memory on the Link CX-24 in F:/PUB. A copy of the
link_cx.mib file can be extracted from the Link CX-24 using an ASCII FTP file transfer.
3.2.2 Monitoring Error Messages and Traps
The Link CX-24 supports the generic SNMP traps and Link CX-24 enterprise traps. When an error (or
informational) message is generated by the router, an SNMP trap is issued (when enabled), and the
message is also written to an error log maintained within the router. The router’s error log table holds the
last 256 error messages and can be queried through SNMP reads. Refer to Appendix E for a detailed list
of router-specific messages and traps.
The error log is read ten entries at a time. To do an SNMP read of the first (oldest) ten entries, perform
the following SNMP operations:
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1. Set elLogEntryNumber to start at the oldest entry 0.
2. Set elScrollControl to forward to read log in FORWARD direction – oldest entries first.
3. Get elTrapTable retrieves the most recent ten entries – repeat for next ten entries.
The following SNMP operations also can be used to access or modify information in the error log:
• To read the log in the BACKWARDS direction, set elScrollControl to backward.
• To clear the log, set elScrollControl to clearLog.
• To set the threshold for the lowest severity of messages to be generated, set elLevelDisable to 1
(normal) through 5 (critical). Setting the threshold properly avoids filling the log with informational
or non-serious errors.
• To set the current date and time (default after reboot is 12 Midnight, January 1, 1970), set the
appropriate fields of elTimeDate, or use the Control page on the UI. The timestamps included in
error messages are generated relative to this date and time.
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Section 4
Troubleshooting the Link CX-24
4.1 Troubleshooting Tables
This section includes a troubleshooting table for different symptoms:
Table 4.1 – Symptoms and Probable Causes
Symptoms Probable Cause
Power loss to Link CX-24
New obstructions (leafy trees and/or
No response from Link CX-24
No payload data being transmitted
Reduced RSSI
High BER
Reduced payload data transmission rate
buildings, for example)
Antenna no longer in alignment
Damaged cables
Defective transmission equipment
New obstructions (leafy trees and/or
buildings, for example)
Antenna no longer in alignment
Damaged or degraded cables
New interferers (multipath reflections from
flooded fields or new buildings, or new
consumer applications, for example)
ATPC unable to block a frequency hopping
Intermittent transmissions
transmitter or other intermittent interferer --
disable ATPC
4.2 Using the Link CX-24 LEDs
Link CX-24 operation can be monitored using the LEDs. The LEDs show general radio link status at a
glance. See Figure 1.4 for LED locations on the Link CX-24 radio. The LEDs operate in the following
modes.
Table 4.2 – LEDs and Alarm Indication Modes
LED Normal State Alarm State
PWR/LCL ALM ON -- Power on and no alarm
RF LINK ON -- Receive RF OK OFF -- Receive radio link alarm
DATA ON -- DS-3 input OK OFF -- DS-3 input LOS
ENET 2
ENET 1
ON -- Ethernet input OK
Flashing -- Receiving Ethernet data
ON -- Ethernet input OK
Flashing -- Receiving Ethernet data
Flashing -- Local alarm
OFF -- Power off
OFF -- No Ethernet input
OFF -- No Ethernet input
4.3 Using RSSI
When you connect a voltmeter with BNC adapter to the Link CX-24 RSSI port, you can measure an
indication of the received RF signal level. When the Receive Level falls below -70 dBm, see Table 4.1 for
a list of possible causes.
Note: Make sure you replace the Link CX-24 RSSI connector cover after troubleshooting the radio link.
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4.4 Using a Web Browser
As described in Appendix C, most of the Link CX-24 configuring, operating, and maintenance are
performed using the Link CX-24 Web pages. Use the error indications in the web server interface and
Table 4.1 to troubleshoot alarm indications.
4.5 Customer Support Services
Your primary source of assistance is the support staff of the organization from which you purchased this
product. The YDI support staff should only be contacted directly if you purchased this product directly from
YDI, or if you are unable to obtain sufficient assistance from your primary support contact.
Note: Before you contact Technical Support, please make sure that you have read and thoroughly
understood all instructions outlined on this manual.
4.5.1 Detailed Company and Product Information, Sales, Pricing, and Technical Support for the
East Coast
YDI Wireless
8000 Lee Highway
Falls Church, VA 22042
USA
Tel.: 703-205-0600
Fax: 703-205-0610
E-mail: tech@ydi.com
Website: www.ydi.com
Sales: 1-888-297-9090
4.5.2 Detailed Company and Product Information, Sales, Pricing, and Technical Support for the
West Coast
YDI Wireless
990 Almanor Avenue
Sunnyvale, CA 94085
USA
Tel: 408-617-8150
Fax: 408-617-8151
E-mail: tech@ydi.com
Website: www.ydi.com
Sales: 1-800-664-7060
4.5.3 Return Procedure
All material returned to YDI must be accompanied by a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number from
YDI’s Customer Service department. An RMA number is necessary to assure proper tracking and
handling of returned material at the factory. YDI reserves the right to refuse shipments not accompanied
by an RMA number. Refused shipments will be returned to the shipper via collect freight. To obtain an
RMA number, get an RMA form, and learn about the Return Procedures, please visit: www.ydi.com/RMA
The customer is responsible to properly label and package repairs and prepay shipping to YDI If possible.
The original packaging material should be used to return electronic parts. The RMA number must be
visible on the outside of all packages returned. Unless other arrangements have been made, all repairs
are shipped back to the customer prepaid via ground carrier.
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Appendix A - Interface Cable Pinouts
Table A.1 – DS-3 Data Cables
Link CX-24 IN/OUT TNC
Connectors
Pin Function
1 RX – TX 1
Shield GND Foil GND Shield
2 TX – RX 2
Shield GND Foil GND Shield
Table A.2 – 10/100 Ethernet Data or Control Cable
Link CX-24 ETHERNET
1/2 Connectors
Pin Function
1 RX+ White/Orange TX+ 1
2 RX- Orange TX- 2
3 TX+ White/Green RX+ 3
4 TX- Green RX- 6
Wire Color
Wire Color
DS-3 Equipment BNC Port
Function Pin
Ethernet Equipment RJ-45 Port
Function Pin
Table A.3 – DC Power Cable
To Link CX-24 POWER
(4-pin Circular)
Pin Function
1 -V in White/Orange -V out White
2 – – – –
3 – – – –
4 +V in Red +V out Red
Version 1.0 Page 47 February 2004
Wire Color
To DC Power Supply
Function Wire
Link CX-24 User’s Manual
Table A.4 – 10/100 Ethernet Crossover Cable
Link CX-24 ETHERNET
1/2 Connectors
Wire Color
Pin Function
Link CX-24 ETHERNET
1/2 Connectors
Function Pin
1 RX+ White/Orange TX+ 3
2 RX- Orange TX- 4
3 TX+ White/Green RX+ 1
4 TX- Green RX- 2
Table A.5 – RS-232 CLI Craft PC Cable
To Link CX-24 TEST (4-pin
Circular)
Pin Function
Wire Color
To Craft PC Serial DB-9 Port
Function Pin
1 N/C – N/C –
2 RS-232 RX Red RS-232 TX 3
3 RS-232 TX Black RS-232 RX 2
4 RS-232 GND Yellow RS-232 GND 5
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Appendix B - Technical Specifications
Table B.1 – Link CX-24 DS-3 or Ethernet Version (24 GHz)
General
Frequency Range 24.05-24.250 GHz
Compliance (USA) FCC Rules Part 15.249
Capacity
Emission Bandwidth 26 dB at 13.9 MHz
Channel Center Frequencies
• Channel 1 (Tx Low/Rx High) Transmit -- 24.072GHz/Receive -- 24.212GHz
• Channel 1 (Tx High/Rx Low) Transmit -- 24.212GHz/Receive -- 24.072GHz
• Channel 2 (Tx Low/Rx High) Transmit -- 24.088GHz/Receive -- 24.228GHz
• Channel 2 (Tx High/Rx Low) Transmit -- 24.228GHz/Receive -- 24.088GHz
Modulation Type 16 QAM
Transmitter
Maximum RMS Power Output 0 dBm
Power Output Stability +/- 2 dB
Frequency Stability +/- 0.24MHz
Transmit Duty Cycle 100%
Emissions Mask & Spurious and Harmonic Output Per FCC CFR 47 Part 15.249
Channel Frequency Selection Software-controlled
Automatic Tx Power Control (ATPC)
Transmitter Attenuation Range
Receiver
Type Double Heterodyne
Error Correction FEC Reed Solomon Decoding
Sensitivity at 10-6 BER -78 dBm state guaranteed
Typical Unfaded BER 10
Frequency Stability +/- 0.24MHz
Channel Frequency Selection Software-controlled
Maximum Receive Level without Receiver
Degradation
Maximum Receive Level without Receiver
Damage
Full-duplex DS-3, per Bellcore GR-499-CORE, or
45 Mbps Ethernet, per IEEE 802.3
Maintains a constant Carrier-to-Noise Ratio at both
ends of a link, operator enabled ON or OFF
0-30 dB in 1 dB steps, and Mute 40 dB, operator
controlled
-10
-35 dBm
-30 dBm
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Table B.1 – Link CX-24 DS-3 or Ethernet Version (24GHz) (continued)
DS-3 Interface
Type Full-duplex DS-3, per Bellcore GR-499-CORE
Line Rate 44.736 Mbps
Line Code B3ZS
Tx and Rx Electrical Interfaces 75 Ohm unbalanced
Tx and Rx Physical Connectors Female TNC coaxial with grounded outer conductor
Ethernet Interfaces
Number
Two, with independent transmit and receive pair
sensing
Type Full-duplex 10/100 Base-T per IEEE 802.3
Line Rate 45 Mbps
Max Distance between CPE and Link CX-24 100 m (328 ft.)
Electrical Interfaces 100 Ohm UTP
Physical Connectors Female four-pin Circular
Other Interfaces
Craft Port
RSSI
Male four-pin Circular, RS-232 asynchronous data
port (TXD, RXD, GND)
Female BNC, DC voltage level proportionate to
Received Signal Strength
Power Requirements
DC Source +/- 21 to +/- 60 VDC
Power Consumption 36 watts typical
Undervoltage Protection Circuit > +/- 18 VDC to power up the Link CX-24
Physical Connector Male four-pin Circular
Environmental
Ambient Temperature Range
• Operational -32 to +60°C (-27 to +140°F)
• Storage -40 to +85°C (-40 to +185°F)
Relative Humidity
• Operational 100%, all weather protection
• Storage 95%, non-condensing
Altitude
• Operational 15,000 ft. AMSL (4,500m)
• Storage 50,000 ft. AMSL (15,000m)
Mechanical
Height (HxWxD) 30 x 30 x 10.6 cm (12 x 12 x 4.25 in.)
Weight (TBD) kg ( lb.); Shipping Weight: kg ( lb.)
Table B.2 describes the specifications for the integral antenna on the Link CX-24. Table B.3 gives the
Linx CX-24 availability figures for North America.
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Table B.2 – Integral Reflector Antenna
Size
Mounting
Polarization
30 cm diameter x 1.9 cm deep
(12 in diameter x 0.75 in deep)
Permanently attached to the Link CX-24 radio;
gasketed to prevent moisture intrusion
Horizontal or vertical, depending on Link CX-24
mounting position
Forward Gain 34.5 dBi
Front/Back Ratio >45 dB
Beam Width 2.9°
Elevation Adjustment ± 15°
Azimuth Adjustment 360°
Table B.3 – Link CX-24 Availability – North America
Carrier
Grade
99.999%
0.4
Typical
Application
Avai lability
Rain Outage at Maximum
Distance (minutes/month)
Maximum Distance1
(miles)
ITU Rain Zone
A (Arctic)
B (Nevada, Idaho, Inland BC)
C (Anchorage)
D (San Francisco, Sacramento)
E (Los Angeles, San Diego)
F (Newfoundland)
K (New York, Philadelphia)
M (Dallas, Atlanta)
N (New Orleans, Miami)
Hotspot/ISP/WISP
WAN
99.7%
131
99.9%
44
99.97%
13
99.99%
4
VOIP
99.997%
1
5.5 5.0 4.1 3.5 2.8 2.2
5.0 4.6 3.9 3.0 2.3 1.8
4.2 4.1 3.4 2.7 2.0 1.5
4.3 3.5 2.9 2.4 1.9 1.5
4.9 3.9 3.0 2.2 1.5 1.1
4.3 3.5 2.7 1.9 1.3 0.9
4.3 3.0 2.1 1.5 1.1 0.8
3.1 2.2 1.5 1.1 0.8 0.7
2.7 1.7 1.1 0.8 0.6 0.5
1. Maximum Distance and Availability based on Line-of-Site installation and ITU average rainfall statistics. Actual performance
may vary.
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