Yanmar EF393T Operator's Manual
OPERATOR’S MANUAL
DIESEL TRACTOR
EF393T
Original instructions
en
http://yanmar.com
OPERATOR’S MANUAL
0A041-ENXXXX
Oct. 2014
DIESEL TRACTOR
DIESEL TRACTOR
EF393T
Original instructions
EF393T OM
SAFETY
Never attempt to operate or service this machine until you have first read and
understood all of the applicable Safety Instructions that are set forth in this
Manual.
The failure to comply with all relevant Safety Instructions could result in bodily
injury.
EF393T OM
TO THE OWNER
This instruction manual describes how to maintain your tractor in good condition and how to
operate it safely and correctly. Please read this manual carefully before using the tractor.
Keep this manual close to your tractor , after you have read th rough it. If you lose or damage
this manual, ask your YANMAR dealer for a new manual right away.
IMPROVEMENT
Sometimes parts are changed to improve or upgrade the features of the tractor, or for other
reasons. Therefore, the parts shown in this manual may not apply to your tractor.
Note:
All data are subject to change without prior warning. Some illustrations and
photographs may show optional accessories.
A Roll-over Protective Structure (ROPS) is optional.
SYMBOLS USED
1. Safety-alert Symbol
This is the safety-alert symbol. When you see
this symbol on your tractor or in this manual, be
alert to the possibility of personal injury and
carefully read the messages that follow.
2. Signal Words
The signal words "DANGER" "WARNING"
"CAUTION" are used with the safety-alert symbol.
(1) "DANGER" indicates an imminently
hazardous situation which, if not avoided,
will result in death or serious injury .
(2) "WARNING" indicates a potentially
hazardous situation which, if not avoided,
could result in death or serious injury.
(3) "CAUTION" indicates a potentially
hazardous situation which, if not avoided,
could result in minor or moderate injury.
3. Service instructions
(1) This stop symbol indicates important proper
operation or service messages in this
manual. When you see this symbol,
carefully read the messages that follow.
IMPORTANT
(2) “NOTE” describe precautions to take while
working.
NOTE
4. Measurements
This tractor is of metric design. All hardware are
therefore metric (ISO). Make sure to use the
specified metric hardware when service becomes
necessary.
5. Direction
Right-hand and Left-hand sides of the tractor are
determined by facing in the direction of the tractor
forward travel.
EF393T OM
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS 1
AFTER SALES SERVICES 15
TRACTOR OUTLINE 17
PARTS NAMES 18
LABEL LOCATIONS 19
CONTROLS 21
OPERATIONS
1. Pre-operation checks
2. Break-in (initial 50 hours)
3. Before starting
4. Start and stop
4-1. Start and stop engine
4-2. Start, gear shifting and stop tractor
5. Driving on a road
6. Driving on a slope
7. Driving in and out of fields
8. Setting adequate speed
9. Turning in a field
10. Differential gear lock
11. Loading and unloading
12. Wheel tread
13. Hydraulic power take off
14. Using 3-point hitch
15. Drawbar hitch
16. General precautions on attaching and
detaching an implement
17. Power steering
18. Safety frame (ROPS)
19. Tightening torque of bolts and nuts
29
29
33
33
34
34
35
37
38
38
38
39
39
40
41
42
42
44
44
45
45
45
OPENING BONNET 46
AFTER OPERATION 47
EF393T OM
PERIODICAL SERVICE
1. Check intervals
2. Oil and grease
3. Capacity of oil and water
4. Equivalent oil to transmission fluid TF500
5. Fuel system
5-1. Fuel and refill
5-2. Drain and cleaning of water separator
5-3. Replacing fuel filter (cartridge type)
6. Oil and filter
6-1. Engine oil and filter
6-2. Transmission-hydraulic oil and filter
6-3. Front axle oil
7. Engine coolant
8. Radiator screen
9. Cleaning air cleaner element (dua l element)
10. Checking battery
10-1 Check battery
10-2. Removing and installing battery
10-3. Charging battery
11. Checking pipes and hoses
12. Checking electric wires
13. Greasing
14. Adjusting brake pedal
15. Adjusting clutch pedal
16. Checking steering wheel
17. Adjusting fan belt
18. Checking and adjusting toe-in
19. Replacing fuse
19-1. Fuse box
19-2. Slow blow fuse
20. Checking tire and wheel
21. Color of exhaust gas
49
49
50
50
50
51
51
51
52
53
53
54
55
56
57
57
58
59
59
60
60
60
61
62
62
63
63
64
64
64
65
65
65
TROUBLESHOOTING 66
SPECIFICATIONS 69
IMPLEMENT CAPACITIES 70
EF393T OM
1
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
DANGER
Read these instructions carefully.
Important instructions are given for the safe operation
and servicing of the tractor.
Failure to follow these instructions is likely to result in
an accident involving death or serious injury.
STUDY THE TRACTOR AND
IMPLEMENTS
Do not permit anyone unfamiliar with the tractor or the
operations of its implements to use the machine.
The operator’s manual should be considered a
permanent part of the tractor and should remain with
the tractor.
Know the positions and functions of all controls and the
meaning of any identification symbols on your controls,
gauges, and indicators before attempting to operate the
tractor.
Know how to stop the engine in an emergency.
Make sure you understand the capabilities, operating
characteristics and limitations of the tractor and
implement, such as maximum ballast weight, hydraulic
lifting capacity, speed, turning radius, operating
clearances etc.
Do not add extra ballast weight to compensate for a
load that is too heavy.
EF393T OM
2
PROTECT OPERATOR SAFELY
Install an approved Roll-over Protective Structure
(ROPS) for safe operation. If a tractor rolls over without
a ROPS, death or serious injury is likely.
Always fasten the seat belt while operating the tractor
with Roll-over Protective Structure (ROPS) up.
Do not use the seat belt if the foldable Roll-over
Protective Structure (ROPS) is in the folded position or
the tractor does not have the Roll-over Protective
Structure (ROPS).
Extreme caution is required when operating a tractor
around trees or other overhead obstructions, such as
guy wires or power lines. Interference between the
ROPS and these obstructions may cause the tractor to
tip backwards.
Do not modify any structural portions of the ROPS by
welding, bending, grinding or cutting them. If any
component of the ROPS is damaged or involved in a
rollover incident, replace it with a complete new cage.
Do not attempt to repair the original one. Damaged or
modified structural parts impair the strength of the
ROPS and may lead to injury.
Avoid loose fitting or baggy clothing, torn clothing,
bulging pockets, frayed edges or heavy cuffs. Loose
frayed and bulky clothing can easily become entangled
in rotating parts. Wear work clothes and work shoes or
boots. Also you may need a: SAFETY HELMET,
SAFETY SHOES, EYE PROTECTION, HEAVY DUTY
GLOVES, HEARING PROTECTION, REFLECTIVE
CLOTHING, OR A RESPIRATOR/FILTER MASK.
Wear whatever safety gear and clothing is necessary
for the job.
Prolonged exposure to loud noise can cause
impairment or permanent loss of hearing. Wear a
suitable hearing protective device such as ear
protectors or earplugs to protect against objectionable
or uncomfortable noise.
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3
BEFORE OPERATING
Do not operate the tractor when tired, sick, sleepy,
drunk, feeling overworked, taking medicine, pregnant,
suffering from mental disease or if other improper
conditions are present. These conditions impair a
person’s skill and judgment. When you begin feeling
tired while operating the tractor, take a 10-mi nute brea k
to stretch, walk about, lie down or snack. Do not
continue if you still feel tired after taking a break.
Remove oil, grease or mud from the hand rails, steps,
pedals, controls, and floor to avoid slips or loss of
control.
In winter, scrape off any ice or snow on the hand rails,
steps, pedals, controls, and floor .
To attach or remove an implement, refer to the
implement and tractor manufacturer’s manuals for the
proper procedures.
To unhitch an implement, move to a level area, lower
the implement to the ground and then block the
equipment in position before unhitching. If an
implement has wheels, block them to prevent it from
rolling.
Make sure
(1) The tractor and implements are in good
condition and properly adjusted.
(2) To check for loo sen ed bolts, adequate
lubricants, damaged or under-inflated tires,
safety shields and devices, steering and
braking linkages, hydraulic leaks, etc. Refer to
this manual for more detailed information.
(3) That implements are properly attached and
hooked up. Check that the PTO U-joint yoke
and locking devices are securely latched on
their shafts.
(4) That the tractor’s PTO speed matches the
implement’s specifications.
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4
STARTING
START THE ENGINE SAFELY
If you operate the engine inside a closed building, be
sure there is plenty of ventilation before starting the
engine. Exhaust fumes are poisonous. Carbon
monoxide is especially dangerous because it is
odorless and colorless. You can easily be overcome
without realizing it.
Always stay near the tractor and keep the parking
brake set securely while warming it up.
Only start the engine from the operator’s seat. Never
start the engine while standing on the ground.
Before you start the engine:
(1) Sit in the operator’s seat and adjust the seat
position if necessary.
(2) Make sure the ROPS is in working condition
and seat belt securely fastened.
(3) Lower any implement to the ground.
(4) Place speed shift lever and the PTO switch in
neutral.
(5) Set the parking brake.
(6) Disengage the PTO for the neutral position.
(7) Check all the instruments, gauges and indicator
lights.
(8) Be sure everyone is clear of the tractor and
implement.
EF393T OM
5
DURING OPERATION
OPERATE THE TRACTOR SAFELY
Keep people and pets a safe distance away when
starting and operating the tractor and implement.
Do not permit any person other than the operator to
ride or board the tractor or implements, including any
wagons.
Do not play games with the tractor.
Never allow children to ride on your lap.
Do not touch the muffler, radiator, engine or other high
temperature parts before they have cooled down
completely.
Do not try to get on or off a moving tractor or
implements. Always use the hand rails and steps and
face the tractor when getting on and off.
Never use control levers as a hand hold and never step
on foot controls when getting on and off.
Do not get on the tractor with wet or greasy hands, or
muddy shoes. Do not jump off the tractor. Be aware of
slippery conditions on the ground.
Make sure you check the connecting points on your
equipment.
Keep hands, feet and clothing away from power-driven
parts. Keep others away from articulated joints, hitches,
drawbar, lift arms, PTO drives, cylinders, and anything
else that moves.
Never stand, or allow anyone else to stand, between
the tractor and an implement, unless the engine is
turned off and the parking brake is engaged securely.
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6
OPERATE THE TRACTOR SAFELY (continued)
Oversized implements are dangerous for tractor
operation and are not safe for you. Refer to the
implement’s operator manual for the minimum and
maximum horsepower requirements and weights that
are allowed.
When using a heavy implement in front, always install
ballast or an implement on the rear for safe, stable
steering control.
When using a heavy implement on a rear 3-point hitch,
always install ballast or an implement on the front for
safe, stable steering control.
Slow the tractor down when crossing rough ground, tall
grass or weeds. Rocks, holes and stumps may be
hidden in the brush.
Do not let your tractor bounce. Y ou may lose steering
control.
Never use the tractor to round up farm animals.
Do not allow the tractor to coast downhill with the clutch
in, or with the gear shift in neutral.
When operating the tractor on a slope, set the wheel
tread as wide as possible for maximum stability, reduce
the engine speed and avoid quick application of the
brakes or sharp turns.
Stay off hills and slopes which are too steep.
EF393T OM
7
AVOID TIPPING OVER
When starting the tractor on an uphill slope, shift to as
low a gear as possible and reduce the engine speed to
avoid tipping over backward.
Do not drive near the edge of a gully or a steep
embankment. Avoid holes, ditches, etc. which may
cause the tractor to tip over, especially on hillsides or
steep slopes.
When operating on slopes or rough uneven ground, it is
important to have as much distance as possible
between the wheels. Operate the tractor carefully at the
lowest speed.
Do not pull carts etc. from the top link or the top link
hinge, rear axle, or any point above the drawbar. Doing
so could cause the tractor to tip over backward. Only
attach items to be pulled to the drawbar.
Use care when pulling loads or installing a heavy
implement.
(1) Only use approved hitch points.
(2) Limit loads to those which you can control
safely.
(3) Limit travel speeds so that you can control the
tractor safely.
(4) Do not turn too quickly.
(5) Use care when backing up.
(6) Install the amount of ballast recommended in
the operator’s manual.
Driving forward out of ditch or in muddy conditions, or
up a steep slope, could cause the tractor to tip over
backward. If the mud is deep enough it will keep the
wheels from turning. Then, the tractor will rotate up and
back around the axle very quickly. When stuck in
muddy conditions, do not remove the implement or
ballast weight. Always ba ck out.
EF393T OM
8
STAY CLEAR OF THE PTO
The PTO shaft safety guard (A) should be installed
when the PTO system is not in use.
Make sure that the tractor PTO speed matches the
implement’s required PTO speed.
Do not drive or operate the implement beyond the
tractor’s PTO speed.
Stop the engine and be sure the PTO has stopped
moving before:
(1) Connecting or disconnecting the PTO shaft.
(2) Making any adjustment to the PTO drive or
3-point hitch.
(3) Adjusting, cleaning or servicing PTO driven
implements.
EF393T OM
9
TRANSPORTING
Raise all implements and place them in the
locked-for-transport position.
Do not drive the tractor on the road with implements in
motion.
Couple the brake pedals together for travel at road
speeds. (This only applies to models with two brake
pedals.)
Do not make sharp turns at road speeds.
Always dim your headlights when another vehicle is
coming toward you. Keep the lights adjusted so that
they will not blind the driver of another vehicle.
Before going down a steep hill, shift to the lowest speed
in order to control tractor with the least braking
possible. Do not coast downhill.
Do not stop or start suddenly when going uphill or
downhill.
When loading (or unloading) the tractor onto a vehicle,
use care as follows:
(1) Use a strong loading ramp or loading dock.
(2) Use the lowest reverse speed and drive up the
loading ramp backward.
(3) Set the parking brake and place wheel blocks
firmly under the vehicle’s wheels.
(4) Do not try to drive onto a trailer from the bank of
a ditch.
Secure the tractor and any other load with chains. Be
sure they are tight.
If chains are not available, use rope, wire, blocks, or a
winch cable. Check the load after traveling a few
kilometers, and every 100 km thereafter, to make sure
that the ties are not coming loose. Also, check after
rough bumps in the road.
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10
TOWING
When towing a load that weighs more than the tractor,
the trailer should have its own brakes. When towing,
drive slowly, avoid hills and apply the brakes gently.
A safety chain will help control an implement being
pulled if it accidentally separates from the drawbar
while traveling. Using appropriate adapter parts, attach
the chain to the tractor drawbar support or to some
other specified anchor location. Leave only enough
slack in the chain to permit turning.
Do not tow the tractor faster than the tractor’s
maximum travel speed in the highest gear, and never
more than 25 km/h (16 mph).
Check local regulations concerning towing. Towing is
illegal in some countries.
AFTER THE DAY’S OPERATION
PARK THE TRACTOR SAFELY
Park tractor on a firm level surface.
When parking the tractor, couple the brake pedals
together and set the parking brake securely. When you
must park on a slope, position the tractor at a right
angle to the slope and set the parking brake securely.
Then, block both the front and rear wheels.
Take all possible precautions as follows when leaving
tractor unattended:
(1) Disengage the PTO and lower any implement to
the ground.
(2) Move all shift levers to neutral.
(3) Couple the brake pedals together and set the
parking brake lever.
(4) Run the engine for 2 to 3 minutes at one-third
throttle speed and no load in order to cool it.
(5) Stop the engine and remove the key.
(6) Cycle the hydraulic controls to eliminate any
residual pressure.
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11
MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE
AVOID EXPLOSIONS OR FIRES
Refuel the tractor when the engine is cool and in a
well-ventilated area, preferably outside.
Never fill the fuel tank with the engine running.
Be sure to use the correct type and grade of fuel.
Keep all sparks, flames and smoking materials well
away while handling fuel.
Ground the fuel funnel or nozzle against the filler neck
on the tractor to prevent sparks.
Do not overfill the tank or spill the fuel. If fuel is spilled,
wipe it up immediately . Install the fuel tank cap securely
after refueling.
Be sure there is plenty of ventilation before charging
the battery. Gas produced while charging the battery is
explosive.
Keep all sparks, flames, and smoking materials well
away from battery. Hydrogen gas at a concentration as
low as 7 per cent can explode in the presence of a
spark or open flame and spatter acid.
Use a flashlight to check the battery electrolyte level.
Never use an open flame or match to check.
Keep the engine clean and free of grass, leaves, or
excessive grease.
Let the engine cool down before storing the tractor in
an enclosure or covering it with a sheet.
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12
MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE (continued)
Do not service the tractor while it is in motion or while
the engine is running.
Before servicing the tractor, always set the parking
brake, block the wheels, lower the implement, release
all hydraulic pressure and place all the controls in
neutral.
Use only the correct tools and equipment.
Unauthorized modification to the tractor may impair its
function, create an unsafe situation and reduce the
tractor’s useful working life.
Do not use substitute parts that may not meet the
strength and design requirements or may not fit the
tractor.
Do not use repair parts not approved by YANMAR.
Remove the radiator cap only when the coolant
temperature is low. Wait at least one hour after
operation, to allow the coolant to cool down.
Cover the radiator cap with a cloth before opening it
and release the pressure gradually before completely
removing the cap.
Do not service the hydraulic system when the hydraulic
oil is hot.
Do not set the relief valve pressure higher than stated
in the tractor or implement specifications.
Do not close off the overflow or bypass lines.
EF393T OM
13
MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE (continued)
Hydraulic oil or diesel fuel escaping under pressure can
penetrate the skin and cause serious injury. Before
disconnecting any lines, be sure to relieve all pressure.
Before applying pressure, be sure all connections are
tight and all components are in good condition.
Fluid escaping under pressure from a very small hole
can be almost invisible. Wear safety goggles for eye
protection and use a piece of cardboard to check for
suspected leaks. Do not use your hands. If injured by
escaping fluid, see a doctor at once. Serious infections
and other problems can develop if proper medical
treatment is not administered immediately.
Disconnect the battery ground cable before working on
the electrical system or working in any area where you
might come into contact with electrical components.
Disconnect the ground cable first and reconnect it last.
The sulfuric acid in a battery is poisonous. It can
destroy clothing and burn the skin. Wear eye protection
and rubber gloves when filling the battery. If you spill
acid on yourself, flush your skin with water and apply
baking soda or lime to neutralize the acid. Then seek
medical attention right away. If acid is swallowed, get
medical attention immediately!
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14
Storage
Whenever the tractor will not be used for a few months,
do the following:
(1) Drain the fuel tank.
(2) Lower any implement still attached.
(3) Set the parking brake and block the wheels.
(4) Remove the battery and store it in a cool, dry
place, out of the reach of children.
CAUTION
ALWAYS BE ENVIRONMENTALLY
RESPONSIBLE
Follow the guidelines of the governmental agency
for the proper disposal of hazardous materials such
as engine oil, diesel fuel, engine coolant and,
machine fluid, grease.
NEVER dispose of hazardous materials
irresponsibly by dumping them into a sewer, on the
ground, or into groundwater or waterways.
Failure to follow these procedures may seriously
harm the environment.
Comply with legal regulations and guidelines for
disposal of: empty containers for fuel, cooling water
(coolant), oil, grease; fuel/oil filters; batteries;
machine itself; machine accessories; and
packaging materials.
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15
AFTER SALES SERVICES
After sales services
When your tractor is not working normally, check it
referring to the troubleshooting section. You can of
course consult with your service representative.
Whenever you ask service to your service
representative, following information are very helpful to
identify your tractor.
1) The label of tractor model name and serial number
(A) is on the left rear fender and the stamp of the
serial number (B) is on right side of front frame.
2) Engine model name and serial number (C).
3) Hour-meter (D) shows estimated hours of
operation. Turn on key switch to read hours.
4) Operating conditions.
Kind of work and implement used when a problem
is happened.
5) Any other information when a trouble is occurred.
Noise, vibration, function etc.
Availability of spare parts
Maintenance parts or spare parts are available for 10
years after the production of this tractor series has
been discontinued. However, special parts will be
subject to consultation. Yanmar may be able to supply
a particular part after the normal supplying period.
(A) Tractor model name & serial number
(B) Tractor serial number
(C) Engine model name & serial number
EF393T OM
16
WARNING
Do not move the tractor if the wheel mounting bolts or
nuts are loose. If the tractor is driven with loose nuts or
bolts, there is a possibility that an accident will occur.
Make daily and periodic wheel inspections to check for
loose nuts and bolts on the wheels. If they are loose,
retighten them to the specified torque.
IMPORTANT
The first 50 hours of handling and maintenance greatly
affect the service life and performance of a new tractor. In
particular, pay special attention to the following points
during this period of time.
(1) Refrain from sudden acceleration and sudden
braking.
(2) Do not increase the speed too much or carry any
more load than is necessary.
(3) Operate the tractor only after the engine has warmed
up sufficiently.
(4) Slow down on a rough road or on a slope.
(5) Check the tightness of the wheel mounting bolts
after the first 10 hours and again after the first 50
hours. If they are loose, retighten them. (For specific
tightening torques, refer to the table in the instruction
manual.)
IMPORTANT
When the tractor gets stuck in a muddy portion in field, do
not tie a piece of lumber, log or pipe to the front or re ar
wheels to drive out of the muddy portion.
It may break transmission and/or rear axle inner parts or
cases.
Put a ladder bridge under the wheels and then drive out.
Or use strong rope or chain to pull it out of the muddy
portion slowly by the other tractor or so.
Note:
These photos show rear tire with cage
wheel.
EF393T OM
17
TRACTOR OUTLINE
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
Head light
T urn signal lamp
Tail lamp
Fuel refill port
Operator’s seat
Sub-step
Bonnet
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
Lower link
T op link
Fender, R
Fender, L
Front tire
Rear tire
ROPS (Safety frame)
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