Yanmar EF312T Operator's Manual

OPE_EF312T&352T_en.doc

YANMAR

DIESEL TRACTOR

EF312T/EF352T

OPERATOR’S MANUAL

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TO THE OWNER 2

SYMBOL INDICATION 3

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS 4

AFTER SALES SERVICES 17

TRACTOR OUTLINE 18

PART S N A MES 19

LABEL LOCATIONS 20

CONTROLS 21

OPERATIONS

1. Pre-operation checks

2. Brake-in (initial 50 hours)

3. Before starting

4. Start and stop
4-1. Start and stop engine
4-2. Start, gear shifting and stop tractor

5. Driving on a road

6. Driving on a slope

7. Driving in and out of fields

8. Setting adequate speed

9. Turning in a field

10. Differential gear lock

11. Loading and unloading

12. Adjusting wheel tread

13. Hydraulic power take off

14. Using 3-point hitch

15. Drawbar hitch

16. General precautions on attaching and
detaching an implement

17. Power steering

18. Safety frame (ROPS) (optional equipment)

19. Tightening torque of bolts and nuts

29

29
33
33
34
34
35
37
38
38
38
39
39
40
41
41
42
42
43

44
44
44

OPENING BONNET AND SIDE COVER 45

AFTER OPERATION 46

PERIODICAL SERVICE 48

TROUBLESHOOTING 65

SPECIFICATIONS 68

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TO THE OWNER

This new machine is carefully designed and manufactured to give years of dependable
service. To do the better and safer job, read the instructions in this manual. Failure to do
so could result in personal injury or machine damage.

Each section is clearly identified so you can easily find the information you need.
Keep this manual next to your machine, after you have read through it.
If you lose or damage this manual, ask a new manual to YANMAR dealer right away.

The parts used in this machine are subject to change to improve the quality and
capacity of the machine, and for safety.
Therefore, please understand that the contents, photos and illustrations in the manual
may differ from your machine.

Please consult YANMAR dealer about any questions you may have and to receive
updates to this manual.

Maintenance

When the machine is in abnormal condition, take the remedies. If the machine is still
abnormal, ask YANMAR dealer and give the following information:

 Machine model
 Serial No.
 Hour meter reading
 Detailed description of abnormal condition

Supply Period For Maintenance Parts

The period that we supply maintenance parts for this machine is 9 years after we
discontinue production of this machine.
The supply of maintenance parts will, in principle, terminate at the end of the supply
period stated above. However, even after the supply period has terminated, we still
consult with you about the delivery time and the prices for parts still in stock, if required.

Note:

1. All data are subject to alteration without notice. Some illustrations and photos may show
optional accessories.

2. Right-hand (R.H.) and left-hand (L.H.) sides of this machine are determined by

standing at the rear of this machine and facing the direction of forward travel.

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● SYMBOL INDICATION

1.1 Safety-alert Symbol

(1) This is the safety-alert symbol. When you

see this symbol on your machine or in this
manual, be alert to the possibility of
personal injury and carefully read the
messages that follow.

(2) This stop symbol indicates important

proper operation messages in this manual.
When you see this symbol, carefully read
the messages that follow.

(3) This machine is of metric design. All

hardware is therefore metric (ISO). Make
sure you use the specified metric
hardware when service becomes
necessary.

1.2 Signal Words

The signal words "DANGER" "WARNING"
"CAUTION" are used with the safety-alert
symbol.

(1) "DANGER" denotes the extreme hazard

which would result in high probability of
irreparable injury if proper precautions are
not taken.

DANGER

(2) "WARNING" denotes the hazard which

would result in injury if proper precautions
are not taken.

WARNING

(3) "CAUTION" denotes the general

precautions.

CAUTION

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SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

DANGER
Read these instructions carefully.
Important instructions for safely operating and servicing
the tractor are shown.
Negligence of these instructions can result in an
accident and serious injury.

LEARN TRACTOR AND IMPLEMENTS

Do not permit anyone unfamiliar with tractor and
implement operations.
An operator’s manual should be considered a
permanent part of your tractor and should remain with
the tractor.

Know the positions and functions of all controls and
meaning of any identification symbols on your controls,
gauges, and indicators before attempting to operate the
tractor.

Know how to stop the engine in an emergency.

Know the capabilities, operating characteristics and
limitations of the tractor and implement such as
maximum ballast weights, hydraulic lifting capacity,
speed, turning radius, operating clearances etc..

Do not add extra ballast weights to compensate for an
overload.

PROTECT OPERATOR SAFELY

Install approved rollover protective structure (ROPS)
for safe operation. Overturning a tractor without ROPS
can result in death or injury.

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Extreme caution will be required when operating tractor
around trees and other overhead obstructions such as
guy wire or power lines. Interference between ROPS
and these obstructions may cause tractor to tip over
rearward.

Do not modify structural members of ROPS by welding,
bending, grinding or cutting. If any component of the
ROPS is damaged or involved in an overturn incident,
replace it with a complete new one and do not attempt
to repair. Damaged or modified structural members
impair the strength of the ROPS and may lead to injury.

Avoid loose fitting or baggy clothing with tears, bulging
pockets, frayed edges or heavy cuffs. Loose frayed and
bulky clothing can easily become wrapped in revolving
parts. Wear working clothing and working shoes or
boots. Also you may need: SAFETY HELMET,

SAFETY SHOES, SAFETY EYE PROTECTION,
HEAVY DUTY GLOVES, HEARING PROTECTION,
REFLECTIVE CLOTHING, OR RESPIRATOR/FILTER
MASK.

Wear whatever safety gear and clothing is necessary
for the job.

Prolonged exposure to loud noise can cause
impairment or loss of hearing. Wear suitable hearing
protective device such as earmuffs or earplugs to
protect against objectionable and uncomfortable
noises.

BEFORE OPERATING

Do not operate the tractor when tired, ill, sleepy, drunk,
feeling overworked, taking medicines, pregnant,
suffering mental disease or other improper conditions.
These conditions impair a person’s skill and judgment.
When you begin feeling tired during operation, take a
10-minute break to stretch, walk about, lie down or
snack. Do not continue if you still feel tired after taking
a break.

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Remove oil, grease or mud from hand rails, steps,
pedals, controls, and floor to avoid slippage.

In winter, scrape away ice and snow on above.

To attach or detach an implement, refer to the
implement and tractor manufacturer’s manuals for the
proper procedures.

To unhitch an implement, move to a level area, lower
the implement to the ground and then block the
equipment in position before unhitching. If an
implement has wheels, block them to prevent it from
rolling.

Make sure

1) The tractor and implements are in good condition

and properly adjusted.

2) Check for bolts loosening, lubricants, damage or

inflation pressure of tires, safety shields and
devices, steering and braking linkages, hydraulic
leaks, etc.. Refer to this manual for more detailed
information.

3) Implements are properly attached and hooked up.

Check that the PTO U-joint yoke and locking
devices are securely latched on shafts.

4) Match implement PTO RPM rating to the tractor’s.

STARTING

START ENGINE SAFELY

If you operate the engine inside a closed building, be
sure there is plenty of ventilation before starting the
engine. Exhaust fumes are poisonous. Especially
carbon monoxide which is odorless and colorless. You
can easily be overcome without realizing it.
While warming up the tractor, always attend the tractor
and set the parking brake securely.

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Start engine only from operator’s seat. Do not start
engine while standing on ground.

Before you start the engine:

1) Sit on the operator’s seat and adjust seat

positioning properly.

2) Check ROPS is in the working condition and

fastened securely.

3) Lower an implement to ground.

4) Place speed shift lever and PTO switch in neutral.

5) Set parking brake.

6) Disengage PTO switch.

7) Check all instruments, gauges and indicator lights.

8) Be sure everyone is clear of the tractor and

implement.

DURING OPERATION

OPERATE TRACTOR SAFELY

Keep people and pets a safe distance away when
starting and operating the tractor and implement.

Do not permit any person other than an operator to ride
or board on tractor or implements including wagons.

Do not play games with a tractor.
Never allow children to ride on your lap.

Do not touch muffler, radiator, engine or other high
temperature parts before completely cooling down.

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Do not try to get on or off a moving tractor or
implements. Always use hand rails or steps and face
tractor when getting on and off.
Never use control levers as a hand hold and never step
on foot controls when getting on and off.
Do not get on tractor with wet or greasy hands or
muddy shoes. Do not jump off tractor. Be aware of
slippery conditions on the ground.

Keep hands, feet and clothing away from power-driven
parts. Know the pinch and wrap points on your
equipment. Keep others away from articulation joints,
hitches, drawbar, lift arms, PTO drives, cylinders, etc..

Never stand, or allow anyone else to stand, between
the tractor and implement unless the engine is turned
off and parking brake is engaged securely.

A too large implement is dangerous for tractor
operation and for your safety refer to your implement
operator’s manual for minimum and maximum
horsepower requirement and weight.
When using a heavy implement in front, always install
rear ballast or rear implement for safe stability and
steering control.

When using a heavy implement on rear 3-point hitch,
always install front ballast or implement for safe stability
and steering control.

Slow down tractor over rough ground and in tall grass
and weeds. Rocks, holes, stumps may be hidden in the
brush.

Do not let your tractor bounce. You may lose steering
control.

Never use the tractor to round up farm animals.

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Do not allow the tractor to coast downhill with clutch
disengaged, or with gear in neutral.

When operating the tractor on slopes, set wheel tread
as wide as possible for maximum stability. Reduce
engine speed and avoid hard application of brakes and
sharp turns.

Stay off hills and slopes where are too steep.

AVOID TIPPING

When starting tractor on uphill slopes, shift to as low as
possible and reduce engine speed to avoid overturning
rearward.

Do not drive near the edge of a gully or steep
embankment.
Avoid holes, ditches, etc. which may cause tractor to
tip, especially on hillsides or steep slopes.

When operating on slopes or rough uneven ground, it is
important to have as wide a distance between wheels
as possible. Operate tractor carefully at the lowest
speed.

Do not pull carts etc. from top link or top link hinge, rear
axle, or any point above the drawbar. Doing so could
cause tractor to tip over rearward. For pulling, attach to
the drawbar only.

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Use care when pulling loads or mounting heavy
implement.

1) Use only approved hitch points.

2) Limit loads to that which you can safely control.

3) Limit travel speed to that you can safety control.

4) Do not turn too sharp.

5) Use care when backing.

6) Install proper ballast which is suggested in the

operator’s manual.

Driving forward out of ditch or mired conditions or up a
steep slope could cause tractor to tip over rearward. If
the mud is deep enough it keeps the wheels from
turning, the tractor will rotate up and backwards around
the axle very quickly. When caught in mired conditions,
do not remove implement or ballast weight and always
back out.

STAY CLEAR OF PTO

PTO master shield (A) should be in place at all times.
PTO shaft safety guard (B) should be installed when
PTO system is not in use.

Make sure the tractor PTO speed is matched to the
implement’s required PTO speed.

Do not drive or operate implement beyond the tractor’s
PTO speed.

Stop engine and be sure PTO has stopped before:

1) Connecting or disconnecting PTO shaft.

2) Making any adjustment to PTO drive and 3-point

hitch.

3) Adjusting, cleaning and servicing PTO driven

implements.

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TRANSPORTING

Raise all implements and place in their locked-transport
position.

Do not drive tractor on road with implements in motion.

Couple brake pedals together at road speeds.
(only for two brake pedals type)

Do not make sharp turns at road speeds.

Always dim headlights before meeting another vehicle.
Keep light adjusted so they will not blind another
vehicle.

Before going down a steep hill, shift to the lowest speed
to control tractor with a little braking. Do not coast
downhill.

Do not stop or start suddenly when going uphill or
downhill.

When loading (or unloading) tractor onto vehicle, use
care as follows:

1) Use adequate loading ramp on loading dock.

2) Use lowest reverse speed when driving up loading

ramp.

3) Set parking brake and wheel blocks firmly under

vehicle wheels.

4) Do not try to drive onto trailer from ditch bank.

Secure load with chain binders and be sure they are
tight.

If chain binders are not available, use rope, wire,
blocks, or winch cable. Check load after traveling a few
kilometers and every 100 km thereafter to make sure
ties are not coming loose. Also, check after rough road
bumps.

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TOWING

A towed load of more than the weight of the tractor
should have it’s own brakes. When towing, drive slowly
and avoid hills and hard applications of brake.

A safety chain will help control a drawn implement,
should it accidentally separate from drawbar while
transporting. Using appropriate adapter parts, attach
chain to tractor drawbar support or other specified
anchor location. Provide only enough slack in chain to
permit turning.

Do not tow tractor faster than its maximum travel speed
in the highest gear and not more than 25 km/h (16
mph).

Check local regulations for towing. Towing is illegal in
some countries.

AFTER OPERATION

LEAVE TRACTOR SAFELY

Keep tractor on a firm level surface when parking.
When parking the tractor, couple brake pedals together
and set parking brake securely. When parking
unavoidably on a slope, position it at right angles to the
slope and set parking brake securely and block both
front and rear wheels.

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Take all possible precautions as follows when leaving
tractor unattended:

1) Disengage PTO and lower implement to ground.

2) Shift all shift levers to neutral.

3) Couple brake pedals together and set parking

brake lever.

4) Run engine to cool for 2 to 3 minutes at one-third

throttle speed and no load.

5) Stop engine and remove key.

6) Cycle hydraulic controls to eliminate residual

pressure.

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE

AVOID EXPLOSION OR FIRE

Refuel tractor when engine is cool and in
well-ventilated area, preferably outside.

Never fill the fuel tank with the engine running.

Be sure to use the correct type and grade of fuel.

Keep all sparks, flames and smoking materials away
while handling fuel.

Ground the fuel funnel or nozzle against the filler neck
to prevent sparks.

Do not overfill the tank or spill fuel. If fuel is spilled, wipe
off immediately. Install fuel tank cap securely after
refilling.

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Be sure there is a plenty of ventilation before charging
battery. Gas of battery is explosive.

Keep all sparks, flames, and smoking materials away
from battery. Hydrogen gas from battery-concentration
as low as 7 per cent-can explode in presence of spark
or open flame and spatter acid.
Use flashlight to check battery electrolyte level and
never use open flame.

Keep engine free of grass, leaves, or excessive grease.

Let engine cool down before storing tractor in any
enclosure or covering it with sheet.

Do not service tractor while it is in motion or while
engine is running.

When servicing tractor, always set parking brake, block
wheels, lower implement, release all hydraulic pressure
and place all controls in neutral.

Use correct tools and equipments.

Unauthorized modification to tractor may impair
function and/or safety, and effect tractor life.

Do not use substitute parts that may not meet strength
and design requirements or may not fit correctly in
original tractor.

Do not use repair parts not approved by YANMAR.

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Remove radiator cap only when coolant temperature is
cool. Wait at least one hour to allow coolant to cool
down.

Cover radiator cap with a cloth before opening and
gradually release pressure before completely removing
cap.

Do not service hydraulic system when hydraulic oil is
hot.

Do not adjust relief valves to higher pressure than
tractor or implement recommended specifications.

Do not close off overflow or bypass lines.

Hydraulic oil or diesel fuel escaping under pressure can
penetrate the skin, causing serious injury. Before
disconnecting lines, be sure to relieve all pressure.
Before applying pressure, be sure all connections are
tight and all components are in good condition.

Fluid escaping from very small hole can be almost
invisible. Wear safety goggles for eye protection and
use a piece of cardboard to check for suspected leaks.
Do not use your hands. If injured by escaping fluid, see
a doctor at once. Serious infection or other problems
can develop if proper medical treatment is not
administered immediately.

Disconnect battery ground cable before working on
electrical system or working in any area where you
might come in contact with electrical components.
Disconnect ground cable first and replace at last.

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Sulfuric acid in battery electrolyte is poisonous. It can
destroy clothing and burn the skin. Wear eye protection
and rubber gloves when filling battery. If you spill acid
on yourself, flush your skin with water and apply baking
soda or lime to neutralize acid, then get medical
attention immediately. If acid is swallowed, get medical
attention immediately!

STORAGE

Whenever tractor will not be used for a few months, use
following safety precautions:

1) Drain fuel tank.

2) Lower implement.

3) Set parking brake and block wheels.

4) Remove battery and store in cool, dry place, and

keep out of reach of children.

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AFTER SALES SERVICES

After sales services

When your tractor is not working normally, check it
referring to the troubleshooting section. You can of
course consult with your service representative.

Whenever you ask service to your service
representative, following information are very helpful to
identify your tractor.

1) Tractor model name and serial number (A).
The serial number is stamped on right side of front
frame (B).

2) Engine model name and serial number (C).

3) Hour-meter (D) reading or estimated hours of
operation.
Turn on key switch to read hour-meter.

4) Operating conditions.
Kind of work and implement used when a problem
is happened.

5) Any other information when a trouble is occurred.
Noise, vibration, function etc.

Availability of spare parts

Maintenance parts or spare parts are available for 10
years after the production of this tractor series has
been discontinued. However, special parts will be
subject to consultation. Yanmar may be able to supply
a particular part after the normal supplying period.

(A) Tractor model name & serial number

(B) Tractor serial number

(C) Engine model name & serial number

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TRACTOR OUTLINE

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)

Head light
Side light
Muffler tail pipe
Fuel refill port
Operator’s seat
Turn signal lamp
Sub-step

(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)

Bonnet
Side cover
Front tire
Rear tire
Lower link (3-P)
ROPS (Safety frame, optional equipment)

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PARTS N AMES

(1) Main switch
(2) Accelerator lever
(3) Accelerator pedal
(4) Main shift lever
(5) Range shift lever
(6) Reverser lever
(7) PTO shift lever

(8) Brake pedal
(9) Parking brake lever
(10) Clutch pedal
(11) Differential lock lever
(12) Position control lever
(13) Lever stopper
(14) Stop & slow return valve

(15) Head light switch
(16) Horn button
(17) Flasher switch
(18) Side light switch
(19) Seat adjust lever
(20) Brake pedal connector
(21) Front wheel drive lever
(22) Seat belt (option)

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Lamps and Indicators

(1) Fuel gauge
(2) Engine coolant temperature gauge
(3) Engine speed meter, RPM
(4) Hour meter

(5) Battery charge pilot lamp
(6) Engine oil pressure pilot lamp
(7) Reverser lever neutral pilot lamp

LABEL LOCATIONS

Keep the safety instructions labels clean and clearly visible for your safety. If any of them are damaged or
missing, replace them with new ones.

Label Model (not for sale)

1. 198122-65730 Caution label 1 pc.

2. 198163-65350 Danger label 1 pc.

3. 198163-65953 Caution label 2 pcs.

4. 198163-65940 Caution label 2 pcs.

5. 1A6150-91251 Fuel label 1pc.

6. 1A6150-93151 PTO cover label 1 pc.

7. 198163-65780 Brake label 1 pc.