GRAPHIC EQUALIZER
OPERATING MANUAL
MANUEL D’UTILISATION
BEDIENUNGSHANDBUCH
INPUT LEVEL
-∞
LR
R
L
CLIP
-6
0
-12
-18
-24
-30
-36
-42
+10
MEMORY
YDG2030
GRAPHIC
EQUALIZER
FGQ
1234
NOTCH
HPF LPF
STORE
MEMORY
RECALL
DISPLAY FLAT UTILITY
LR
BYPASS
POWER
ON
OFF
1.
FCC INFORMATION (U.S.A.)
IMPORTANT NOTICE: DO NOT MODIFY THIS UNIT!
This product, when installed as indicated in the instructions
contained in this manual, meets FCC requirements.
Modifications not expressly approved b y Yamaha may void your
authority, granted by the FCC, to use the product.
2.
IMPORTANT:
and/or another product use only high quality shielded cables.
Cable/s supplied with this product MUST be used. Follow all
installation instructions. Failure to follow instructions could void
your FCC authorization to use this product in the USA.
3.
NOTE:
the requirements listed in FCC Regulations, Part 15 for Class
“B” digital devices. Compliance with these requirements
provides a reasonable level of assurance that your use of this
product in a residential environment will not result in harmful
interference with other electronic devices. This equipment
generates/uses radio frequencies and, if not installed and used
according to the instructions found in the users manual, may
cause interference harmful to the operation of other electronic
devices. Compliance with FCC regulations does not guarantee
that interference will not occur in all installations. If this product
is found to be the source of interference, which can be
determined by turning the unit “OFF” and “ON”, please try to
eliminate the problem by using one of the following measures:
Relocate either this product or the device that is being affected
by the interference.
Utilize power outlets that are on different branch (circuit break er
or fuse) circuits or install AC line filter/s.
In the case of radio or TV interference, relocate/reorient the
antenna. If the antenna lead-in is 300 ohm ribbon lead, change
the lead-in to co-axial type cable.
If these corrective measures do not produce satisfactory
results, please contact the local retailer authorized to distribute
this type of product. If you can not locate the appropriate
retailer, please contact Yamaha Corporation of America,
Electronic Service Division, 6600 Orangethorpe Ave, Buena
Park, CA 90620
*This applies only to products distributed by YAMAHA CORPORATION
OF AMERICA
When connecting this product to accessories
This product has been tested and found to comply with
CANADA
This digital apparatus does not exceed the “Class B” limits f or radio
noise emissions from digital apparatus set out in the Radio
Interference Regulation of the Canadian Department of
Communications.
Le présent appareil numérique n’émet pas de bruits radioélectriques dépassant les limites applicables aux appareils
numériques de la “Classe B” prescrites dans le Règlement sur le
brouillage radioélectrique édicté par le Ministère Des
Communications du Canada.
*This applies only to products distributed by YAMAHA CANADA
MUSIC LTD.
IMPORTANT NOTICE FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM
Connecting the Plug and Cord
WARNING: THIS APPARATUS MUST BE EARTHED
IMPORTANT:
ance with the following code:
GREEN-AND-YELLOW : EARTH
BLUE : NEUTRAL
BROWN : LIVE
As the colours of the wires in the mains lead of this apparatus may
not correspond with the coloured markings identifying the
terminals in your plug, proceed as follows:
The wire which is coloured GREEN-AND-YELLOW must be
connected to the terminal in the plug which is marked by the letter
E or by the safety earth symbol or coloured GREEN or
GREEN-AND-YELLOW.
The wire which is coloured BLUE must be connected to the
terminal which is marked with the letter N or coloured BLACK.
The wire which is coloured BROWN must be connected to the
terminal which is marked with the letter L or coloured RED.
The wires in this mains lead are coloured in accord-
YDG2030
ADVARSEL!
Lithiumbatteri-Eksplosionsfare ved fejlagtig handtering. Udskiftning ma kun ske med batteri af samme fabrikat og type. Lever det
brugte batteri tilbage til leverandoren.
VARNING
Explosionsfara vid felaktigt batteribyte. Anvand samma batterityp
eller en ekvivalent typ som rekommenderas av apparattillverkaren.
Kassera anvant batteri enligt fabrikantes instruktion.
VAROITUS
Paristo voi rajahtaa, jos se on virheellisesti asennettu. Vaihda
paristo ainoastaan laitevalmistajan suosittelemaan tyyppiin. Havita
kaytetty paristo valmistajan ohjeiden mukaisesti.
Contents
1 – Contents –
Congratulations
Precautions
The front panel
The rear panel
Memory areas
How the memories are arranged in the YDG2030 ................................................................... 6
Recalling an equalization setting ............................................................................................. 6
Storing an equalization setting ................................................................................................. 6
A note on software protection ................................................................................................. 6
Using the display
The
[DISPLAY]
The
[L/<]
and
Linking channels ...................................................................................................................... 7
The notch filter, and HPF and LPF indicators ........................................................................... 8
Utilities
SYSTEM SETUP ........................................................................................................................ 9
TITLE EDIT ............................................................................................................................... 9
BULK DUMP .......................................................................................................................... 10
Y-485 NETWORK ..................................................................................................................10
Y-485 COMM. I/O ................................................................................................................. 11
PARAMETER COPY ................................................................................................................ 11
SOFTWARE PROTECT ........................................................................................................... 11
MIDI CONTROL .................................................................................................................... 12
DELAY DISPLAY .................................................................................................................... 12
....................................................................................................................................... 9
TUTORIAL
Finding a suitable memory area in which to store the setting ................................................ 13
Initializing the memory area .................................................................................................. 13
Choosing 6 or 12dB boost/cut ............................................................................................... 13
Linking the L and R channels ................................................................................................. 14
Making graphic equalizer settings .......................................................................................... 14
Using the sweep function ...................................................................................................... 15
Example I: Eliminating feedback ...................................................................................................... 15
Example II: “Tuning” a room ........................................................................................................... 16
Using the notch filters, and the HPF and LPF ......................................................................... 16
I. Turning the filters on and off individually
II. Editing the filters graphically
III. Editing the filters numerically
Setting up the input level, attenuation and delay ................................................................... 18
I. Input level and input attenuation
II. Delay
Specifications
MIDI Implementation Chart
User programs
Program change table
Block diagram
Dimensions
.......................................................................................................................... 2
................................................................................................................................. 3
........................................................................................................................... 4
............................................................................................................................ 5
............................................................................................................................. 6
........................................................................................................................ 7
key ...................................................................................................................... 7
[R/>]
keys ............................................................................................................. 7
................................................................................................................................13
............................................................................ 16
............................................................................................. 17
.......................................................................................... 17
........................................................................................ 18
............................................................................................................................. 18
........................................................................................................................... 19
................................................................................................... 65
.......................................................................................................................... 66
............................................................................................................... 67
.......................................................................................................................... 68
............................................................................................................................... 69
English
YDG2030
2 – Congratulations –
Congratulations
Your new YDG2030 Digital Graphic Equalizer uses the most advanced Yamaha digital signal processing to provide extremely precise, stable equalization.
As well as a stereo 30 band graphic equalizer, YDG2030 Digital Graphic Equalizer has a high
and low pass filter, and 4 notch filters which can be used to selectively “knock out” specific
frequencies.Furthermore, the unit can operate at either 6 or 12dB cut/boost.
If you are used to using conventional analog graphic equalizers with sliders, you will find
the YDG2030 very easy to use. Selecting “sliders” and “moving” them are simple operations
performed with rotary encoders on the front panel. With a multi-function LCD screen, you
can see at a glance exactly which “slider”, or notch filter you are moving. Or if you prefer,
you can change to a purely numeric display for the notch filter parameters.
One of the biggest advantages of Yamaha digital equalizers (apart from their stunning 20 bit
sound) is the ability to store the equalizer settings you create for instant recall. The YDG2030
has the ability to store 40 different settings in this way, avoiding the need to completely
reconfigure the sliders every time the unit has to be used for a different purpose, or in
another environment.
In order to satisfy the most demanding needs of music professionals, the YDG2030 is able to
be controlled not only by MIDI, but also by the new standard Y-485 interface. This allows for
the fastest possible system configuration, without having to use up an extra MIDI channel to
send program changes.
We urge you to read this manual carefully before using this unit, in order to fully appreciate,
and be able to take advantage of, the many advanced features it offers.
YDG2030
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Precautions
Avoid excessive heat, humidity, dust and vibration
Keep the unit away from locations where it is likely to be exposed to high temperatures or
humidity - such as near radiators, stoves, etc. Also avoid locations which are subject to
excessive dirt accumulation or vibration which could cause mechanical damage.
Avoid physical shocks
Strong physical shocks to the unit can cause damage. Handle it with care.
Do not open the unit, or attempt repairs or modifications yourself
This product contains no user-serviceable parts. Refer all maintenance to qualified Yamaha
service personnel. Opening the unit and/or tampering with the internal circuitry will void
the warranty.
Make sure power is off before making or removing connections
Always turn the power OFF prior to connecting or disconnecting cables. This is important
to prevent damage to the unit itself as well as other connected equipment.
3 – Precautions
Handle cables carefully
Always plug and unplug cables - including the AC cord - by gripping the connector, not the
cord.
Clean with a soft dry cloth
Never use solvents such as benzine or thinner to clean the unit. Wipe clean with a soft, dry
cloth.
Always use the correct power source
Make sure that the power source voltage specified on the rear panel matches your local AC
mains supply:
U.S. & Canadian Model: 120V AC, 60Hz
General Model: 230V AC, 50Hz
UK and Australian Model: 240V AC, 50Hz
Backup battery
The unit contains a long-life lithium battery which maintains the contents of the buffer and
user memory locations even when the unit is off. With normal use, the battery should last
approximately 5 years. If the battery voltage falls below a certain level, a “***WARNING***
LOW BATTERY” message will appear on the screen when the power is turned on. If this
occurs, have the battery replaced by at a qualified Yamaha service center. Do not attempt to
replace the battery yourself!
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YDG2030
4 – The front panel
The front panel
STORE
7
MEMORY
RECALL
8
9:
DISPLAY FLAT UTILITY
LR
A
BYPASS
B
1
INPUT LEVEL
-∞
LR
2
34
R
L
CLIP
-6
0
-12
-18
-24
-30
-36
-42
+10
MEMORY
FGQ
NOTCH
5
GRAPHIC
EQUALIZER
1234
HPF LPF
6
From left to right, the controls on the front panel are:
1
INPUT LEVEL – two concentric rotary controls (inner control is left channel) to adjust the
level of the signal fed into the YDG2030.
2
Level meters – L and R . These meters come after the A-D convertors in the signal chain. A
“CLIP” indication therefore indicates digital distortion, and the input levels should be
adjusted so that the “CLIP” indicator never lights.
3
Memory – this 2-digit LED indicator shows the current memory area.
Screen – this 56 x 128 pixel display gives a graphic representation of the current equal-
4
ization settings. It is also used to display other settings which you can edit using the
front panel controls.
5
Rotary encoders – the F , G and Q controls are used primarily for setting the Frequency,
Gain and Q of equalization bands. When editing utility settings, they may also be used
for editing data.
POWER
ON
OFF
6
NOTCH, HPF and LPF selectors and indicators – these keys are used to select and dese-
lect the notch filters, HPF and LPF used in an equalization setting. The indicators show
which filters are in effect for this equalization setting.
7
MEMORY keys – the
[STORE] , [RECALL] , [^] and [%] keys are used to read and write settings
stored in the 40 memory areas.
DISPLAY key – pressing this key will change the information displayed on the screen –
8
graphic EQ, notch filter, sweep frequency etc.
FLAT key – pressing this key will return the graphic equalizer to a “flat” setting. The
9
notch filters, HPF and LPF will not be affected.
UTILITY key – pressing this key will cycle through a range of screens, allowing you to set
0
up various system parameters for the unit.
A
[L/<] and [R/>] keys – you can make equalization settings for the left and right channels
independently. These keys allow you to select which channel you are editing. By pressing one of these keys, holding it down, and then pressing the other, you can edit the
parameters of both channels simultaneously.
B
BYPASS key – when pressed, the signal fed into the unit will bypass the internal circuitry,
and will be re-output “as is”.
YDG2030
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The rear panel
5 – The rear panel
1
Y-485 MIDI
THRU
2 4
OUT
IN
3
OUTPUT
RL
+4dB
-20dB +4dB-20dB
INPUT
RL
5
1
Y-485 – these bi-directional connectors are used to connect the unit on a network “chain”
using the Y-485 control protocol. They do not carry audio signals. When making a Y-485
connection, either terminal may be used for IN or OUT.
Please use digital audio cable (impedance 90 ~ 120 Ω shield type equilibrium transmis-
sion cable) for connection with periphery equipment.
Using general analog audio cable (impedance 40 ~ 50 Ω shield type equilibrium trans-
mission cable) could cause trouble such as signal reflection due to mismatching impedance and transmission waveform turbulence.
Waveform turbulence is especially noticeable with long cables, and with multi cable
longer than 10 meters.
If the length of the cable is longer than 100 meters, it is recommended that it should be
terminated with a resistor matching the impedance of the cable (connect a resistor of
approx. 100 Ω between Pin 2 and Pin 3).
2 MIDI IN, OUT and THRU – these terminals are used for MIDI control of the unit. IN is
used to receive MIDI data, THRU passes along information received at the IN terminal,
and OUT transmits data originated by the unit.
3 OUTPUT (L, R) – these balanced XLR-type connectors output the signal from the unit.
4 INPUT (L, R) – these balanced XLR-type connectors are used to input signals to the unit.
5 Level switches – both the input and output connectors may be set to nominal levels of
+4dB or -20dB. When connecting other equipment, refer to the specifications of the other
units to match the signal levels correctly.
YDG2030
6 – Memory areas
Memory areas
How the memories are arranged in the YDG2030
The unit contains 40 memory areas which contain equalization settings, all of which are
user-programmable. This allows you to set up and store frequently-used equalization settings which you can recall at any time. These settings can be stored to a mass-storage device
(MIDI data file system or personal computer system) either through the MIDI interface, or
the Y-485 connectors (see the section on “Utilities” for full details of this).
Recalling an equalization setting
Use the MEMORY [^] and [%] keys to display the name of the setting you want to recall. The
name (set in UTILITY mode) is shown in the middle of the display, and the memory number
flashes on the LED display.
Press the [RECALL] key.
If you had not made any changes to the previous setting, the new setting will be displayed
immediately.
If you had made changes to the previous setting without storing them, the unit will flash
“RECALL OK?” in the center of the screen. If you really want to recall this setting, press the
[RECALL] key again (while this message is flashing, you can use the MEMORY [^] and [%]
keys to select another setting to be recalled). If you press the [RECALL] key, the number in the
LED will stop flashing, and the screen will show the equalization curve for this setting. If
you have made a mistake in selecting the setting or pressing the [RECALL] key in the first
place, and do not want to recall the setting, press any key except the [RECALL] key.
Remember that the equalization curve shown will be for either the left or the right channel,
depending on whether the [L/<] or [R/>] key is lit.
Storing an equalization setting
When you have edited a setting, you use the MEMORY [^] and [%] keys to select a memory
area where you want to store the setting (if the memory area you are editing is the area
where you want to store the setting, you do not need to press the [^] and [%] keys). As you
step through the memory areas, the name of each one will be displayed in the center of the
screen.
When you have selected the area, press the [STORE] key to write these settings into memory.
The unit will flash “STORE OK?” in the center of the screen. Press the [STORE] key again to
confirm the store, or any other key to cancel the store.
A note on software protection
You can protect the settings against accidental key-presses, etc., by using the UTILITY software protection (see “SOFTWARE PROTECT” on page 3). If protection is set to ON, then
any attempt to store or recall settings using the methods described above will result in the
message “ERR ** NOW PROTECT” being shown on the screen. The 2-digit LED will start to
flash if you attempt to recall, store or modify a setting with protection on, as an additional
warning. If you get the “ERR ** NOW PROTECT” message when trying to perform any
operations with protection on, press any key to stop the LED flashing. “ERR ** NOW PRO-
TECT” will disappear from the screen.
YDG2030
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Using the display
The
[DISPLAY]
Using the large LCD screen, your YDG2030 has several different ways of displaying settings, and being able to edit them. These different modes are accessed with the [DISPLAY] key,
as shown:
Press the [DISPLAY] key to change from one display to the next.
NOTE
Only one channel can be displayed on the screen at a time.
key
7 – Using the display
Guide to the screen displays:
The
[L/<]
and
[R/>]
Each of the above displays can show either the settings for the left channel, or the settings
for the right channel. To select which channel will be displayed, press the [L/<] or [R/>] key.
The LED on the corresponding key will light up, the display will change to show the new
channel, and either R or L will appear in the top left of the screen.
Linking channels
In order to change both the L and R channels at the same time, the L and R channels must be
linked. When the channels are linked, making any changes to one channel will also affect
the other. Existing parameters from one channel will not be copied to the other channel,
unless they are altered while the channels are linked.
To link the channels, press one of the two channel keys (either [L/<] or [R/>]), and while holding it down, press the other one. Because the screen can only show one channel at a time,
only the settings of the first channel you pressed will be displayed, and the LED on that key
will light. The settings of the other channel will not be displayed, and its LED will blink.
keys
YDG2030
8 – Using the display – The notch filter, and HPF and LPF indicators
The notch filter, and HPF and LPF indicators
NOTCH
21 3 4 HPF LPF
The small round LEDs above each notch and filter selector indicate whether or not the corresponding notch or filter is active (turned on). If the indicator is on, the notch or filter is
active.
To turn a specific notch or filter on or off while in an equalizer, sweep or notch screen, it
must first be selected for editing. If the parameters for the desired band are not displayed at
the top of the screen (in graphical display screens), or the name of the notch highlighted on
the left of the screen (in the text display screens), you must press the selector twice—once to
select which notch or filter to change (this also selects it for editing), and once to toggle it
between on and off. If the notch or filter is already selected for editing, or if the unit is not in
an equalizer, sweep or notch screen, simply pressing the selector once will do the toggling.
Put more simply, if you wish to toggle a notch or filter on/off that is already selected, while
in an equalizer, sweep or notch screen, just press the selector once. If it’s not selected, press
the selector twice.
YDG2030
Utilities
The [UTILITY] key allows you to set up various system parameters for the unit. Repeated
presses of the key will cycle you through the following modes. You can also use the [%] and
[%] keys to cycle through these parameters (but this will not return to the equalization set-
ting display):
Equalization
setting display
NOTE
You can also exit the UTILITY mode by pressing the [DISPLAY] key.
9 – Utilities
The [UTILITY] key will be lit for all these displays
SYSTEM SET UP BULK DUMPTITLE EDIT Y-485 NETWORK
Y-485 COMM. I/O
SOFTWARE PROTECTDELAY DISPLAY PARAMETER COPYMIDI CONTROL
SYSTEM SETUP
Only one parameter is available here: EMPHASIS. The emphasis function is a type of noise
reduction and can effectively be used to reduce the high-frequency noise produced during
A/D conversion and D/A conversion. It causes some deterioration of the dynamic range in
the high-frequency range, however.
Because this equipment uses a 20-bit AD/DA converter, a sufficient dynamic range is
assured even when the emphasis function is turned off. Setting it to OFF will work best for
most material most of the time.
TITLE EDIT
Each equalization setting may have a name. This may be useful in a mobile PA setup which
is often used at the same venues at different times (a setting named “UNIV. STADIUM” is
easier to remember again than program 23). Names set using this function are displayed on
the screen whenever you step through the memory areas using the [%] or [^] keys.
Use the F encoder to turn emphasis on and off (this trips
an internal relay, so you will hear a “click” as this is
switched).
Use the F encoder to select a character (0-9, A-Z, a-z +
punctuation) and the [L/<] and [R/>] keys as cursor keys to
determine which character will be edited. Use the [STORE]
key as an easy way to enter a space.
YDG2030
10 – Utilities – BULK DUMP
BULK DUMP
NOTE
You can dump this data over MIDI to a MIDI data filer device (including a personal computer), or over the Y-485 network to a computer connected through the YAMAHA IFU485
interface.
There is no need to set the unit into any special receive mode to receive bulk dump data
from an external device.
Three parameters are available here:
Use the F encoder to select whether bulk dump operations
will take place through the MIDI or Y-485 connections.
Use the G encoder to select what kind of data will be
dumped. You can choose between: ALL DATA (all memory
areas will be dumped), SYSTEM (the parameters you set
up in the UTILITY menus will be dumped), MEMORY (a
single memory area, or all memory areas will be dumped),
and BANK (the Program Change tables).
If you have selected MEMORY with the G encoder, use the
Q encoder to select the memory area that you want to
dump (1 through 40 or ALL).
If you have selected BANK with the G encoder, use the Q
encoder to select the Program Change bank you want to
dump (A through D or ALL).
Y-485 NETWORK
The Y-485 network is more complex (in terms of software addressing) than the MIDI system.
Each device on a network belongs to a group and has a device number within that group.
To control this unit and other Y-485 units from a computer, you will require an IFU485 hardware interface, and computer software (QS-1) to control it. QS-1 software is available for
both Macintosh and IBM-compatible computers. Contact Yamaha or your local Yamaha distributor for further details.
Use the [L/<] and [R/>] keys to decide whether you are editing the REMOTE or LOCAL settings. The LOCAL settings,
of course, refer to this unit, and the REMOTE settings refer
to a unit to which you will be sending data.
The F encoder allows you to set up a group number
between 1 and 7. The Y-485 protocol allows messages to be
sent to groups of units. If you are editing the REMOTE settings, you can also set this to a “*”. This is a “don’t care”
value – the remote device address is irrelevant, and messages will be sent to all groups.
The G encoder allows you to set a device number inside
the group between 1 and 31. If you are editing REMOTE
settings, you can also set this to a “*”. This is a “don’t care”
value – the remote device address is irrelevant, and messages will be sent to all devices.
The Q encoder allows you to set the data transfer rate for
the LOCAL settings only. This should usually be set to
9600 (even though a value of 38400 may be set).
YDG2030
Y-485 COMM. I/O
NOTE
These parameters are entirely independent of any data received at the MIDI ports.
PARAMETER COPY
This allows you to initialize new equalization settings from a “template” setting and to copy
channel settings. The “template” settings allow you to set the 6dB/12dB boost mode.
Whatever data you have chosen to copy (“template” or channel data) press the [STORE] key
to start the copying process. If you have not set the software protection on, the message “**
EXECUTING” will appear briefly on screen as the data is copied. If software protection is
on, nothing will appear on screen, and no data will be copied when you press the [STORE]
key.
11 – Utilities – Y-485 COMM. I/O
Only one parameter is available here: the data which will
be recognized by the unit over the Y-485 network. There
are three values, selectable with the F encoder: OFF, PGM
CHANGE and ALL. When OFF, no Y-485 messages will be
recognized by the unit, when PGM CHANGE, only Program Change messages will be recognized by the unit, and
when ALL, any data coming over the Y-485 interface will
be recognized.
Use the F encoder to decide what setting you will use as
the default, and where you will copy it to. There are two
“template” settings available: “12dB MODE” and “6dB
MODE”. Both are stereo 30-band graphic equalizer settings, with one allowing a maximum of ±12dB, and the
other ±6dB. Select the “template” you want to use using
the F encoder. The “template” will be copied to the edit
area.
After the “template” settings, turning the F encoder will
bring up two more options: from L-DATA to R-DATA and
from R-DATA to L-DATA. This allows you to copy from
one channel to another.
Using the G encoder, you can select what data is to be copied between channels: ALL (self-explanatory), EQ (the
graphic equalization settings), FILTER (the notch filter settings), or DELAY/ATT (the delay and attenuation settings).
SOFTWARE PROTECT
Use the F encoder to turn memory protection on or off.
When ON, the unit will not respond to Program Change
messages received over MIDI or Y-485. You will not be able
to store or copy any new or edited equalization settings if
protection is ON. “ERR ** NOW PROTECT” will appear on
the screen if you try to store data while protection is ON.
YDG2030
12 – Utilities – MIDI CONTROL
MIDI CONTROL
The unit will respond to MIDI Program Change messages sent from a master keyboard,
sequencer or other device. It may be useful to remap program change settings so that a Program Change message of 2, for instance, selects memory area 40.
NOTE
The currently-selected Program Change bank is also applicable when a Y-485 Program
Change is received.
There are four “banks” of Program Change tables available
– A through D. Use the [L/<] and [R/>] keys to select which
bank will be edited. The bank displayed on this screen will
remain the active bank after you have exited the UTILITY
mode.
Use the F encoder to select the MIDI channel to which the
bank will respond (OFF, 1 through 16 or OMNI).
Use the G encoder to select the Program Change number
which will be recognized.
Use the Q encoder to select the memory area which will be
recalled when the Program Change number set with the G
encoder is received.
DELAY DISPLAY
When using the unit in a sound reinforcement application,
it is very often useful to delay one or both channels to compensate for phase differences caused by speaker placement. In this menu, use the F encoder to select the units in
which this delay will be expressed: FEET, METERS or
SECONDS. The distance units (FEET, METERS) allow you
to enter delay times expressed in distance (select the
appropriate one, depending on your familiarity with the
metric system). The SECONDS option allows you to enter
delay times directly in milliseconds.
YDG2030
TUTORIAL
In this section we will go over the setting up of the YDG2030, from the graphic equalizer
and the filters, to the delay and input attenuation. The information is presented as a tutorial—from it, you should be able to pick up the techniques necessary to make settings for
any situation.
Finding a suitable memory area in which to store the setting
This may be an existing equalization setting which you wish to alter, or a completely new
setting that you wish to create from scratch.
1 Ensure you are in one of the 5 display screens (the util-
ity indicator is off). If you’re in utility mode, press the
[DISPLAY] key.
2 To go to another memory setting, press the MEMORY
[^] or [%] keys until the name of the setting appears on
the screen, and its memory number flashes on the
MEMORY display. Then press [RECALL] once. If you
have edited the settings in the previous memory area,
“RECALL OK?” will appear on the display as a warning—press [RECALL] again to recall the new setting.
3 If you seem to be having problems with this, and “ERR
** NOW PROTECT” appears on the display, the memory is protected. See the “Utilities” section.
13 – TUTORIAL
Initializing the memory area
There are two quick ways to get rid of any existing settings. You can use the [FLAT] key to
flatten only the graphic equalizer setting, or you can totally reinitialize the memory location,
using the PARAMETER COPY function (see the “Utilities” section).
Using the [FLAT] key flattens only the channel that you are currently working on (either L or
R, depending on which LED is showing on the [L/<] or [R/>] keys), or both channels, if you
have linked them (see “Linking the L and R channels” on page 14).
This operation does not affect the notch, or HPF and LPF filters which are set independently.
It can be performed at any time during the editing operation, if you wish to scrap the settings you have made and start again.
Choosing 6 or 12dB boost/cut
The YDG2030 can operate at either 6dB, or 12dB boost/cut. If you are creating a new setting
from scratch, you can choose which one to use. If you wish to change an existing setup from
6 to 12dB or vice versa, the operation will clear the existing equalization settings.
Press the [FLAT] key. You will be asked “FLAT OK?” on the
screen. To go ahead and flatten it, press the [FLAT] key
again. To cancel, press any other key on the front panel
except for the memory [^] and [%] keys.
1
Press the [UTILITY] key until this screen appears.
2 Use the F rotary encoder to select “12dB MODE” for
12dB/band, or “6dB MODE” for 6dB/band.
3 Press the [STORE] key to make the setting. The word “**
EXECUTING” will appear briefly on the display.
YDG2030
14 – TUTORIAL – Linking the L and R channels
4 Press the [DISPLAY] key to return to the equalization
NOTE
This operation will clear the entire contents of the current memory area. Don’t do this to settings you wish to keep.
Linking the L and R channels
Frequently you will want to set up the L and R channels identically (at least for most of the
settings), and then tweak the L and R channels separately. Linking the channels is the way to
achieve this.
To link the channels, press one of the two channel keys (either [L/<] or [R/>]), and while holding it down, press the other one. Only the settings of the first channel you pressed will be
displayed, and the LED on that key will light.
Linking the channels does not automatically copy all parameters from one channel to the
other. Only the parameters that you create or change while the channels are linked will be
made to both channels.
Making graphic equalizer settings
Here is where the user interface of the YDG2030 really makes graphic equalization easy. For
the most part, you will never need to set any parameters numerically (unless you want to)—
all settings can be displayed in traditional graphic equalizer format on the screen. The
YDG2030 has 30 bands per channel, each settable to ±12 or ±6dB (depending on the mode),
in 1/2 dB steps.
screen.
1 Press the [DISPLAY] key until you see a screen similar to
the one shown. (There are two screen displays that look
very much alike; choose the one that does not have the
word SWEEP in the top right corner.) The actual settings on your screen will probably be different to the
ones shown here.
2 Turn the F rotary encoder, and notice how the dotted
bar moves to the left and right. This is the frequency
selector—any changes you will make with the G (gain)
rotary encoder affect only this frequency.
3 Once you have decided on the frequency of which you
wish to alter the gain, turn the G rotary encoder to
move the “slider” up or down. The values of F and G
(frequency and gain) are also given numerically at the
top of the screen. If you boost the 630 Hz band by 12dB,
the screen should look like the one on the left.
Steps 2 and 3 can be repeated as many times as necessary to create the desired settings.
NOTE
Remember that the settings for only one channel are displayed at a time, and you can toggle
between them with the [L/<] and [R/>] keys. If you have linked the channels, the channel displayed will be the one indicated at the top left of the screen (Lch or Rch).
YDG2030
Using the sweep function
The sweep function allows you to move a given gain cut or boost through a number of different frequencies quickly and easily. This is a relative function—if you boost a certain frequency up to +2 dB from -4dB, then alter the frequency, the setting of the new frequency will
not become +2 dB, but will rise by 6 dB, the actual amount of the original boost. This operation is clearly shown on the screen display, with both the resultant gain and the amount of
gain/cut being listed.
This has several uses, e.g. searching for feedback frequencies or dead frequencies in a room.
For example, if feedback suddenly occurs, and you can guess the approximate frequency,
the quickest method of eliminating the feedback is to enter the sweep screen, then sweep a
6dB cut (more or less) through the approximate area until you find the point where the feedback disappears. The 6dB will be subtracted from the previous settings as you sweep
through the frequency bands. When the sweep screen is exited, the last setting you made is
remembered.
The two examples given are suggestions of how the YDG2030 can be used. You may, of
course, adapt your own methods of using graphic equalizers to working with the YDG2030.
15 – TUTORIAL – Using the sweep function
4 Once you have created the desired settings, don’t forget
to store them inside one of the memory areas, so you
can use them again at a later time.
Example I: Eliminating feedback
1 Press the [DISPLAY] key until you see a screen similar to
2 As problems like feedback usually occur in both chan-
3 Use the F rotary encoder to move the dotted bar to the
4 Turn the G rotary encoder anticlockwise to cut, or
5 If the feedback is not noticeably reduced, use the F
6 When you leave the sweep screen, the last setting you
the one here (there are two screen displays that look
very much alike; this one has the word SWEEP in the
top right corner). The actual settings on your screen will
probably be different to the ones shown here. They will,
when you first enter the sweep screen, be exactly the
same as on the main equalizer screen.
nels, link the L and R channels so the sweep function
affects them both.
area which you wish to sweep.
clockwise to boost, the response at the selected frequency. The amount of cut or boost you are applying
will appear below the word “SWEEP” on the screen. For
eliminating feedback, this will probably need to be a cut
of at least 6 dB.
rotary encoder to sweep the boost/cut you have created
over the surrounding areas, until you find the frequency at which the feedback disappears.
made will be remembered, and will appear when you
return to the main equalizer display screen.
YDG2030
16 – TUTORIAL – Using the notch filters, and the HPF and LPF
Example II: “Tuning” a room
One method of “tuning” a room (compensating for dead and live frequencies) with a conventional graphic equalizer is to move the faders up and down one at a time while putting
white noise through the sound system. Then, if “ringing” is heard at any particular frequency, you can reduce the gain of that frequency. Likewise, if a particular frequency seems
to get lost, you can increase its gain. This process is simplified greatly with the YDG2030, as
a preset gain or cut can be swept through the entire frequency range using the F rotary
encoder.
1
Enter the sweep screen (see step 1 in the example
above).
2 If you wish to alter both channels simultaneously, link
the channels (see step 2 in the example above).
3 To search for particularly “live” spots, turn the G rotary
encoder to increase the gain by a few dB (experiment to
find the best amount). When this gain is swept, it will
be added to the existing gains at each frequency.
4 While feeding an appropriate signal through the sound
system (pink or white noise is best, if possible), use the
F rotary encoder to sweep the frequency gain you created through the entire frequency band, listening for
points that start to ring/feed back. If no ringing occurs,
try increasing the gain setting until it does.
5 Once you know the feedback frequencies, press the
[DISPLAY] key four times to return to the main graphic
equalizer screen, and reduce the gains of those frequencies.
Steps 3, 4 and 5 can be repeated as many times as necessary.
Using the notch filters, and the HPF and LPF
Besides the HPF and LPF, which are shelving high-pass and low-pass filters, respectively,
the notch filters provide very selective gain cuts, with adjustable Q. One of their main uses
is to filter out sounds that occur at specific frequencies, such as 50/60 Hz AC hum, or the
high frequency noise induced by some fluorescent lighting, or lighting dimmers. Of course,
to avoid affecting the original material any more than necessary, try to use the narrowest
notch possible that will remove the offending signals.
Q is a measure of the resonance of the filter. Basically, the higher the Q, the narrower the
notch. Except for setting the Q, the process for setting the notch filters and the HPF and LPF
is exactly the same (the shelving HPF and LPF don’t have Q).
I. Turning the filters on and off individually
1 If you are in any screen other than the two filter screens,
simply press the notch or filter indicator corresponding
to the notch or filter you wish to toggle on/off.
2 If you are in one of the two filter screens, first ensure the
notch or filter is selected for editing (you may need to
press the corresponding selector once to do this), then
press the appropriate selector to toggle it on/off.
YDG2030
17 – TUTORIAL – Using the notch filters, and the HPF and LPF
II. Editing the filters graphically
1 Press the [DISPLAY] key until you see a screen similar to
the one here. (It comes immediately after the SWEEP
screen.) The actual settings on your screen will probably be different to the ones shown here.
2 To select a filter for editing (if it’s not already selected),
press one of the notch or filter selectors. The indication
in the top left corner below the “Lch” or “Rch” indication shows the filter that is currently selected for editing. It will either show NOT1, 2, 3 or 4, HPF or LPF.
NOTE
If you wish to see and hear the effects of the filter while you are editing it, make sure the
indicator above the filter selector is on. If not, press the selector.
3
Use the F rotary encoder to move the filter up or down
the frequency band.
4 For the notch filters, use the Q rotary encoder to alter
the Q of the notch. As you adjust the filter parameters,
the F (and Q if you’re not editing the HPF or LPF) will
be shown numerically at the top of the screen. If the filter is turned on (the appropriate indicator is lit), the
screen will show the frequency response of the filter settings. Notice the extra width of the notch on the left,
with Q of 0.5.
III. Editing the filters numerically
1 Press the [DISPLAY] key until you see a screen similar to
the one below. (It is the second of the two filter screens.)
The actual settings on your screen will probably be different to the ones shown here.
2 To select a filter for editing (if it’s not already selected),
press one of the notch or filter selectors. The corresponding “NOT”, “HPF” or “LPF” indication on the left
side of the screen will become highlighted, and a cursor
will appear beneath the parameters for the currently
selected filter (either the F or Q parameter will be
underlined). For any filters that are off, a dash (“—”)
will appear in the second column of the display. For filters that are on, this is replaced by a small symbol representing the filter.
NOTE
If you wish to see and hear the effects of the filter while you are editing it, make sure the
indicator above the filter selector is on. If not, press the appropriate selector to turn it on.
3
Use the F rotary encoder to alter the frequency of the
filter.
4 For the notch filters, use the Q rotary encoder to alter
the Q of the notch. The figure shown is adjustable from
0.5 to 10.0 (10.0 is the narrowest). Of course, the HPF
and LPF shelving filters do not take Q values.
YDG2030
18 – TUTORIAL – Setting up the input level, attenuation and delay
Setting up the input level, attenuation and delay
I. Input level and input attenuation
There are two operations on the YDG2030 that affect the input level—the input level control
in the analog domain (pre A/D converters), and the attenuation parameter (INP.ATT) in the
digital domain (post A/D converters).
The input level control (on the front panel) should be set so that the level meters register the
highest possible level without the CLIP indicator lighting.
The input attenuation parameter is provided to compensate for equalizer settings that alter
the overall gain of the sound e.g. if the equalizer settings result in an overall gain increase of
4dB (for example), internal clipping may occur even if the level meters do not indicate clipping.
As a guide to input attenuation level, adjust it so that the output volume is the same as
when the bypass function is used. The attenuation can be set from 0dB to infinity (∞), with
the highest numerical value being shown as 50 (see instructions below).
II. Delay
In sound reinforcement situations, it is often desirable for the sound from various loudspeakers to be delayed, to compensate for phase delay caused by speaker placement. Due to
its position in the signal chain, the equalization stage is a good place to add this delay.
The YDG2030 can delay signals by up to 714 milliseconds (242m, about 800ft). You can input
this information either directly as milliseconds, or as a distance in feet or meters (set your
preference in the “Utilities”). You can make individual settings for both channels, or for both
channels at the same time by linking L and R. These settings are stored in the memory area
along with the equalization settings.
1
Press the [DISPLAY]key until you see a screen similar to
the one shown. (It comes after the two filter screens.)
The actual settings on your screen will probably be different to the ones shown here.
2 If you wish to alter both channels simultaneously, link
the channels.
3 Use the F rotary encoder to set the delay. To change the
units used (msec, meters or feet), see the “Utilities” section.
4 Use the G rotary encoder to enable (“ON”) or disable
(“OFF”) the delay you have set.
5 Use the Q rotary encoder to set the channel input
attenuation.
6 Don’t forget to store the completed settings in one of
the memory areas, so you can use them again at a later
time.
YDG2030
19 – Specifications
Specifications
Frequency response 20Hz to 20kHz 0 ±1, 0dB
Dynamic range Emphasis ON typical, 110dB
> 104dB
Emphasis OFF typical, 106dB
> 100dB
Hum and noise Emphasis ON < -80dBm
Emphasis OFF <-76dBm
Distortion (max level, Emphasis ON) < 0.007%
(max level, Emphasis OFF) <0.01%
Inputs Channel inputs 2 (balanced)
Nominal input level +4/–20dBm (switchable)
Maximum input level +24dBm (switch at +4dB)
Input impedance 20kΩ
Outputs Channel outputs 2 (balanced)
Nominal output level +4/–20dBm (switchable)
Maximum output level +24dBm (switch at +4dB)
Output impedance 150Ω
A/D and D/A convertors A/D resolution 20-bit linear
D/A resolution 20-bit linear
Frequency response 44.1kHz
Memory areas 40 (all user-programmable)
MIDI control Program Change messages
select memory areas
Power requirements USA and Canadian model 120V/60Hz
General model 230V/50Hz
UK and Australian model 240V/50Hz
Power consumption (all models) 25W
Dimensions (w x d x h) mm (in) 480 x 335 x 45 (18.9 x 13.2 x 1.8)
Weight kg (lb) 4.6 (10.1)
(19” 1U rackmount)
YDG2030
YAMAHA [Digital Graphic Equalizer] date: 1993.10.22
Model: YDG2030
Function
Basic
Channel
Mode
Note
Number :True Voice
Velocity
After
Touch
Pitch Bender X X
Default
Changed
Default
Messages
Altered
Note ON
Note OFF
Key’s
Ch’s
MIDI Implementation Chart
Transmitted Recognized Remarks
X
X
X
X
**************
X
**************
X
X
X
X
XX
1 - 16, off
1 - 16, off
OMNI off/OMNI on
Version: 1.0
memorized
memorized
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Control
Change
Prog
Change :True #
System Exclusive O O Bulk Dump
System
Common
System
Real Time
Aux
Messages
:Song Pos
:Song Sel
:Tune
:Clock
:Commands
:Local ON/OFF
:All Notes OFF
:Active Sense
:Reset
XO*1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Notes: *1 = For program 1 - 128, memory 1 - 40 is selected.
Mode 1: OMNI ON, POLY
Mode 3: OMNI OFF, POLY
Mode 2: OMNI ON, MONO
Mode 4: OMNI OFF, MONO
O: Yes
X: No
66 – User programs / Programmes utilisateur / User-Programme –
User programs / Programmes utilisateur / User-Programme
Unit number: ________ Programmer: _____________ Backed up to: ________ Date: ______
Memory
area
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
Program name: Date: Comments:
YDG2030
67 – Program change table / Tableau de changement de programme / Program-Change-Tabelle –
Program change table / Tableau de changement de
programme / Program-Change-Tabelle
Unit number: ________ Bank: ________ Backed up to: ____________ Date: ________
Received Selects: Received Selects: Received Selects: Received Selects:
1336597
2346698
3356799
4 36 68 100
5 37 69 101
6 38 70 102
7 39 71 103
8 40 72 104
9 41 73 105
10 42 74 106
11 43 75 107
12 44 76 108
13 45 77 109
14 46 78 110
15 47 79 111
16 48 80 112
17 49 81 113
18 50 82 114
19 51 83 115
20 52 84 116
21 53 85 117
22 54 86 118
23 55 87 119
24 56 88 120
25 57 89 121
26 58 90 122
27 59 91 123
28 60 92 124
29 61 93 125
30 62 94 126
31 63 95 127
32 64 96 128
YDG2030
YDG2030
LEVEL
Block diagram / Schéma de principe / Blockdiagramm
68 – Block diagram / Schéma de principe / Blockdiagramm –
INPUT INPUT
L
+4 -20
R
+4 -20
MIDI
IN
OUT
THRU
Y-485
LEVEL
Pre
Emphasis
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
A/DHA
A/DHA HPF
ATT
ATT
DSP
CPU
HPF
LPF
LPF
F
G
Q
LCD
KEY
LED
Rotary
Encoder
4-band
Notch
4-band
Notch
30-band
GEQ
30-band
GEQ
Delay
730ms
Delay
730ms
D/A
D/A
De
Emphasis
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
ATT
+4 -20
ATT
+4 -20
OUTPUT
L
R
Dimensions / Abmessungen
")
16
/
3
4.9 (
")
16
/
50
15
(1
69 – Dimensions / Abmessungen –
440 (17 5/16")
")
16
/
1
230.5 (9
")
8
/
1
28.5
(1
")
16
/
3
334.9 (13
")
4
/
3
45.2
(1
305.4 (12")
")
8
/
1
")
16
/
13
21 (
44
") 3.6 (
16
/
1
1.2 (<
All measurements given in mm (inches). Inch values given to nearest
Toutes les mesures sont données en millimètres (pouces). Précision d’
Alle Maße in mm (Zoll). Zoll-Angaben mit einer Genauigkeit von
480 (18 7/8")
1
1
/
”.
16
348 (13 11/16")
/
”.
16
1
/
pour les valeurs en pouces.
16
YDG2030
VQ95490
98 04 500 CR Printed in Japan
R2 1 CR 72
P.O.Box 1,Hamamatsu,Japan
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