Page 1
MIDI Reference
EN
Table of Contents
MIDI Functions .................................................................................... 2
MIDI Transmit/Receive Channel Selection ................................................... 2
Local Control ON/OFF .................................................................................. 2
Program Change ON/OFF ............................................................................ 3
Control Change ON/OFF .............................................................................. 3
MIDI Data Format................................................................................. 4
MIDI Implementation Chart................................................................. 7
Page 2
MIDI Functions
C1 C4
E2 F5
11 14 169
56810121315
OFF
31
742 11 14 169
56810121315
1+2
ALL
31
742
NP-31
NP-11
Transmit Channel
(C1–E2)
Receive Channel
(C4–F5)
You can make detailed adjustments to MIDI settings.
MIDI Transmit/Receive Channel Selection
In any MIDI control setup, the MIDI channels of the transmitting and receiving devices must be matched
for proper data transfer.
This parameter enables you to specify the channel on which the instrument transmits or receives MIDI
data.
Setting the Transmit Channel
While holding down the [DEMO] button, press and hold the [METRONOME ON/OFF] button,
then press one of the C1–E2 keys.
Setting the Receive Channel
While holding down the [DEMO] button, press and hold the [METRONOME ON/OFF] button,
then press one of the C4–F5 keys.
NOTE
In Dual, Voice 1 data is transmitted on its
specified channel and Voice 2 data is
transmitted on the next greater channel
number relative to the specified channel.
In this case, no data is transmitted if the
transmit channel is set to “OFF.”
NOTE
ALL:
“Multi-timbre” Receive. This allows
simultaneous reception of different parts
on all 16 MIDI channels, enabling the
instrument to play multi-channel song
data received from a music computer or
sequencer.
1+2:
“1+2” Receive. This allows simultaneous
reception on channels 1 and 2 only,
enabling the instrument to play 1 and 2
channel song data received from a music
computer or sequencer.
NOTE
Program change and other like channel
messages received will not affect the
panel settings of the instrument or the
notes you play on the keyboard.
NOTE
Data for the demo song and piano preset
songs cannot be transmitted via MIDI.
Local Control ON/OFF
“Local Control” refers to the fact that, normally, the keyboard of the instrument controls its internal tone generator, allowing the internal voices to be played directly from the keyboard. This situation is “Local Control On,” since the internal tone generator is controlled
locally by its own keyboard. Local control can be turned OFF, however, so that the the keyboard of the instrument does not play the
internal voices, but the appropriate MIDI information is still transmitted via the MIDI OUT terminal when notes are played on the keyboard. At the same time, the internal tone generator responds to MIDI information received via the MIDI IN terminal.
While holding down the [DEMO] button, press and hold the [METRONOME ON/OFF] button,
then press one of the A#5 key. Pressing the A#5 key repeatedly toggles between Local Control On
and Off.
NP-31
NP-11
A#5
NP-31/NP-11 MIDI Reference
2
NOTE
Default setting: ON
Page 3
MIDI Functions
Program Change ON/OFF
Normally the instrument will respond to MIDI program change numbers received from an external keyboard or other MIDI device,
causing the same numbered voice to be selected on the corresponding channel (the keyboard voice does not change). The instrument
will normally also send a MIDI program change number whenever one of its voices is selected, causing the same numbered voice or
program to be selected on the external MIDI device if the device is set up to receive and respond to MIDI program change numbers.
This function makes it possible to cancel program change number reception and transmission so that voices can be selected on the
instrument without affecting the external MIDI device.
While holding down the [DEMO] button, press and hold the [METRONOME ON/OFF] button,
then press one of the B5 key. Pressing the B5 key repeatedly toggles between Program Change On
and Off.
NP-31
NP-11
B5
NOTE
For information on program change numbers for each of the Voices of the instrument, refer to page 4.
NOTE
Default setting: ON
Control Change ON/OFF
Normally the instrument will respond to MIDI control change data received from an external MIDI device or keyboard, causing the
voice on the corresponding channel to be affected by pedal and other “control” settings received from the controlling device (the keyboard voice is not affected). The instrument also transmits MIDI control change information when the pedal or other appropriate controls are operated. This function makes it possible to cancel control change data reception and transmission so that, for example, the
pedal of the instrument and other controls can be operated without affecting an external MIDI device.
While holding down the [DEMO] button, press and hold the [METRONOME ON/OFF] button,
then press one of the C6 key. Pressing the C6 key repeatedly toggles between Control Change On
and Off.
NP-31
NP-11
C6
NOTE
For information on control changes that
can be used with the instrument, refer to
page 4.
NOTE
Default setting: ON
NP-31/NP-11 MIDI Reference
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MIDI Data Format
If you’re already very familiar with MIDI, or are using a computer to control your music hardware with computer-generated MIDI
messages, the data provided in this section can help you to control the NP-31 NP-11.
1. NOTE ON/OFF
Data format: [9nH] -> [kk] -> [vv]
9nH = Note ON/OFF event (n = channel number)
kk = Note number (Transmit: 09H–78H = A-2–C8 /
Receive: 00H–7FH = C-2–G8)
vv = Velocity (Key ON = 01H–7FH, Key OFF = 00H)
Data format: [8nH] -> [kk] -> [vv] (reception only)
8nH = Note OFF event (n = channel number)
kk = Note number: 00H–7FH = C-2–G8)
vv = Velocity
2. CONTROL CHANGE
Data format: [BnH] -> [cc] -> [vv]
BnH = Control change (n = channel number)
cc = Control number
vv = Data Range
(1) Bank Select
ccH Parameter Data Range (vvH)
00H Bank Select MSB 00H:Normal
20H Bank Select LSB 00H...7FH
Bank selection processing does not occur until receipt of next Program Change message.
(2) Main Volume
ccH Parameter Data Range (vvH)
07H Volume 00H...7FH
(3) Expression (reception only)
ccH Parameter Data Range (vvH)
0BH Expression 00H...7FH
(4) Sustain
ccH Parameter Data Range (vvH)
40H Sustain 00H...7FH
(5) Sostenuto (reception only)
ccH Parameter Data Range (vvH)
42H Sostenuto 00H...3FH:off, 40H...7FH:on
(6) Soft Pedal (reception only)
ccH Parameter Data Range (vvH)
43H Soft Pedal 00H...3FH:off, 40H...7FH:on
(7) Effect1 Depth (Reverb Send Level)
ccH Parameter Data Range (vvH)
5BH Effect1 Depth 00H...7FH
Adjusts the reverb send level.
(8) Effect4 Depth (Variation Effect Send Level)
ccH Parameter Data Range (vvH)
5EH Effect4 Depth 00H...7FH
(9) RPN
65H RPN MSB
64H RPN LSB
06H Data Entry MSB
26H Data Entry LSB
60H Data Increment
61H Data Decrement
* Parameters that are controllable with RPN:
• Coarse Tune
• Fine Tune
• Pitch Bend Range
3. MODE MESSAGES
Data format: [BnH] -> [cc] -> [vv]
BnH = Control event (n = channel number)
cc = Mode Message number
vv = Data Range
(1) All Sound Off
ccH Parameter Data Range (vvH)
78H All Sound Off 00H
(2) Reset All Controllers
ccH Parameter Data Range (vvH)
79H Reset All Controllers 00H
Resets controllers as follows.
Controller Value
Expression 127 (max)
Sustain Pedal 0 (off)
Sostenuto 0 (off)
Soft Pedal 0 (off)
(3) Local Control (reception only)
ccH Parameter Data Range (vvH)
7AH Local Control 00H (off), 7FH (on)
(4) All Notes Off
ccH Parameter Data Range (vvH)
7BH All Notes Off 00H
Switches OFF all the notes that are currently ON on the specified
channel. Any notes being held by the sustain or sostenuto pedal
will continue to sound until the pedal is released.
(5) Omni Off (reception only)
ccH Parameter Data Range (vvH)
7CH Omni Off 00H
Same processing as for All Notes Off.
(6) Omni On (reception only)
ccH Parameter Data Range (vvH)
7DH Omni On 00H
Same processing as for All Notes Off.
(7) Mono (reception only)
ccH Parameter Data Range (vvH)
7EH Mono 00H
Same processing as for All Sound Off.
(8) Poly (reception only)
ccH Parameter Data Range (vvH)
7FH Poly 00H
Same processing as for All Sound Off.
• When Control Change is turned OFF, Control Change messages
will not be transmitted or received.
• Local on/off, OMNI on/off are not transmitted. (The appropriate note
off number is supplied with “All Note Off” transmission).
• When a voice bank MSB/LSB is received, the number is stored in
the internal buffer regardless of the received order, then the stored
value is used to select the appropriate voice when a program
change message is received.
• Poly mode is always active. This mode will not change when the
instrument receives a MONO/POLY mode message.
4. PROGRAM CHANGE
Data format: [CnH] -> [ppH]
CnH = Program event (n = channel number)
ppH = Program change number
P. C . #=Program Change number
NP-31 NP-11 MSB LSB P.C.#
Grand Piano 1 0 122 1
Grand Piano 2 0 112 1
E. Piano 1 0 122 6
E. Piano 2 0 122 5
Pipe Organ 1 0 123 20
Pipe Organ 2 0 122 20
Strings 0 122 49
Vibraphone 0 122 12
Harpsichord 1 0 122 7
Harpsichord 2 0 123 7
• When program change reception is turned OFF, no program change
data is transmitted or received.
• When you specify a program change as a number in the range of
0–127, specify a number that is one less than the program change
number listed above. For example, to specify program change number 1, you would specify a value of 0.
NP-31/NP-11 MIDI Reference
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MIDI Data Format
5. Pitch Bend Change (reception only)
[EnH] -> [ccH] -> [ddH]
ccH = LSB
ddH = MSB
6. SYSTEM REALTIME MESSAGES
[rrH]
F8H: Timing clock
FAH : S t ar t
FCH: Stop
FEH: Active sensing
Data Transmission Reception
F8H Transmitted every
96 clocks
FAH Song start Song start
FCH Song stop Song stop
FEH Transmitted every
200 milliseconds
• If an error occurs during MIDI reception, the Sustain, Sostenuto,
and Soft effects for all channels are turned off and an All Note Off
occurs.
Received as 96-clock tempo timing
when MIDI clock is set to External.
Not received when the MIDI clock is set
to Internal.
Not received when the MIDI clock is set
to Internal.
If a signal is not received via MIDI for
more than 400 milliseconds, the same
processing will take place for All Sound
Off, All Notes Off and Reset All Controllers as when those signals are
received.
7. SYSTEM EXCLUSIVE MESSAGES
(Universal System Exclusive)
(1) Universal Realtime Message
Data format: [F0H] -> [7FH] -> [XnH] -> [04H] -> [01H] -> [llH] ->
MIDI Master Volume
• Simultaneously changes the volume of all channels.
• When a MIDI master volume message is received, the volume only
has affect on the MIDI receive channel, not the panel master volume.
F0H = Exclusive status
7FH = Universal Realtime
7FH = ID of target device
04H = Sub-ID #1=Device Control Message
01H = Sub-ID #2=Master Volume
llH = Volume LSB
mmH = Volume MSB
F7H = End of Exclusive
or
F0H = Exclusive status
7FH = Universal Realtime
XnH = When received, n=0–F.
04H = Sub-ID #1=Device Control Message
01H = Sub-ID #2=Master Volume
llH = Volume LSB
mmH = Volume MSB
F7H = End of Exclusive
(2) Universal Non-Realtime Message (GM On)
General MIDI Mode On
Data format: [F0H] -> [7EH] -> [XnH] -> [09H] -> [01H] -> [F7H]
F0H = Exclusive status
7EH = Universal Non-Realtime
7FH = ID of target device
09H = Sub-ID #1=General MIDI Message
01H = Sub-ID #2=General MIDI On
F7H = End of Exclusive
or
F0H = Exclusive status
7EH = Universal Non-Realtime
XnH = When received, n=0–F.
09H = Sub-ID #1=General MIDI Message
01H = Sub-ID #2=General MIDI On
F7H = End of Exclusive
[mmH] -> [F7H]
X = irrelevant
X = irrelevant
When the General MIDI mode ON message is received, the MIDI
system will be reset to its default settings.
This message requires approximately 50ms to execute, so sufficient time should be allowed before the next message is sent.
8. SYSTEM EXCLUSIVE MESSAGES (XG Standard)
(1) XG Native Parameter Change
Data format: [F0H] -> [43H] -> [1nH] -> [4CH] -> [hhH] -> [mmH] ->
[llH] -> [ddH] -> [F7H]
F0H = Exclusive status
43H = YAMAHA ID
1nH = When received, n=0–F.
When transmitted, n=0.
4CH = Model ID of XG
hhH = Address High
mmH = Address Mid
llH = Address Low
ddH = Data
|
F7H = End of Exclusive
Data size must match parameter size (2 or 4 bytes).
When the XG System On message is received, the MIDI system
will be reset to its default settings.
The message requires approximately 50ms to execute, so sufficient time should be allowed before the next message is sent.
(2) XG Native Bulk Data (reception only)
Data format: [F0H] -> [43H] -> [0nH] -> [4CH] -> [aaH] -> [bbH] ->
[hhH] -> [mmH] -> [llH] ->[ddH] ->...-> [ccH] -> [F7H]
F0H = Exclusive status
43H = YAMAHA ID
0nH = When received, n=0–F.
When transmitted, n=0.
4CH = Model ID of XG
aaH = ByteCount
bbH = ByteCount
hhH = Address High
mmH = Address Mid
llH = Address Low
ddH = Data
| |
| |
ccH = Check sum
F7H = End of Exclusive
• Receipt of the XG SYSTEM ON message causes reinitialization of
relevant parameters and Control Change values. Allow sufficient
time for processing to execute (about 50 msec) before sending the
NP-31 NP-11 another message.
• XG Native Parameter Change message may contain two or four
bytes of parameter data (depending on the parameter size).
• For information about the Address and Byte Count values, refer to
Table 1 below. Note that the table’s Total Size value gives the size of
a bulk block. Only the top address of the block (00H, 00H, 00H) is
valid as a bulk data address.
9. SYSTEM EXCLUSIVE MESSAGES
(Digital Piano MIDI Format)
Data format: [F0H] -> [43H] -> [73H] -> [01H] -> [nnH] -> [F7H]
F0H = Exclusive status
43H = Yamaha ID
73H = Digital Piano ID
01H = Product ID (digital piano common)
nnH = Substatus
02H Internal MIDI clock
03H External MIDI clock
F7H = End of Exclusive
NP-31/NP-11 MIDI Reference
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MIDI Data Format
10. SYSTEM EXCLUSIVE MESSAGES (Special Control)
Data format: [F0H] -> [43H] -> [73H] -> [7FH] -> [4BH] -> [11H] ->
F0H = Exclusive status
43H = Yamaha ID
73H = Digital Piano ID
7FH = Extended Product ID
4BH = Product ID (NP-11 : 4BH, NP-31/31S : 4BH)
11H = Special control
0nH = Control MIDI change (n=channel number)
cc = Control number
vv = Value
F7H = End of Exclusive
Control Channel ccH vvH
Channel Detune
Voice Reserve ch: 00H–0FH 45H 00H : Reserve off
* When Volume, Expression is received for Reserve On, they will
[0nH] -> [ccH] -> [vvH] -> [F7H]
ch: 00H–0FH 43H (Sets the Detune value for
each channel)
00H–7FH
7FH : on*
be effective from the next Key On. Reserve Off is normal.
11. SYSTEM EXCLUSIVE MESSAGES (Others)
Data format: [F0H] -> [43H] -> [1nH] -> [27H] -> [30H] -> [00H] ->
[00H] -> [mmH] -> [llH] -> [ccH] -> [F7H]
Master Tuning (XG and last message priority) simultaneously
changes the pitch of all channels.
F0H = Exclusive Status
43H = Yamaha ID
1nH = When received, n=0–F.
When transmitted, n=0.
27H = Model ID of TG100
30H = Sub ID
00H =
00H =
mmH = Master Tune MSB
llH = Master Tune LSB
ccH = irrelevant (under 7FH)
F7H = End of Exclusive
<Table 1>
MIDI Parameter Change table (SYSTEM)
Address (H) Size (H) Data (H) Parameter Description Default value (H)
00 00 00 4 020C–05F4(*1) MASTER TUNE -50–+50[cent] 00 04 00 00
01 1st bit 3–0 -> bit 15–12 400
02 2nd bit 3–0 -> bit 11–8
03 3rd bit 3–0 -> bit 7–4
04 1 00–7F MASTER VOLUME 0–127 7F
7E 00 XG SYSTEM ON 00=XG sytem ON
7F 00 RESET ALL PARAMETERS 00=ON (receive only)
TOTAL SIZE 07
*1: Values lower than 020CH select -50 cents. Values higher than 05F4H select +50 cents.
4th bit 3–0 -> bit 3–0
<Table 2>
MIDI Parameter Change table (EFFECT 1)
Refer to the “Effect MIDI Map” for a complete list of Reverb, Chorus and Variation type numbers.
Address (H) Size (H) Data (H) Parameter Description Default value (H)
02 01 00 2 00–7F REVERB TYPE MSB Refer to Effect MIDI Map 01 (=HALL1)
02 01 40 2 00–7F VARIATION TYPE MSB Refer to Effect MIDI Map 00 (=Effect off)
• “VARIATION” refers to the EFFECT on the panel.
00–7F REVERB TYPE LSB 00 : basic type 00
00–7F VARIATION TYPE LSB 00 : basic type 00
• Effect MIDI Map
REVERB
ROOM 02H 10H
HALL 1 01H 10H
HALL 2 01H 11H
STAGE 03H 10H
OFF 00H 00H
EFFECT
CHORUS 42H 10H
PHASER 48H 10H
TREMOLO 46H 10H
ROTARY SP 47H 10H
OFF 00H 00H
MSB LSB
MSB LSB
NP-31/NP-11 MIDI Reference
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TransmittedFunction Recognized Remarks
Basic
Channel
Note
Number : True voice
Velocity
After
Touch
Pitch Bend
Control
Change
Prog
Change : True #
System Exclusive
Common : Song Pos.
: Song Sel.
: Tune
System : Clock
Real Time : Commands
: All Sound Off
Aux :
Reset All Cntrls
: Local ON/OFF
Mes- : All Notes OFF
sages: Active Sense
: Reset
Notes:
Mode
Default
Changed
Note ON
Note OFF
Key's
Ch's
0,32
1
7
10
11
6,38
64
66,67
84
91,94
96-97
100-101
1
1 - 16
o 9nH,v=1-127
x
x
x
o
x
o
x
o
x
o
x
x
o
x
x
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o 0 - 127
**************
x
x
x
o
o
o
o
x
o
o
x
3
x
**************
0 - 127
**************
o
Mode 1 : OMNI ON , POLY Mode 2 : OMNI ON ,MONO
Mode 3 : OMNI OFF, POLY Mode 4 : OMNI OFF,MONO
x o 0 - 24 semi
1 - 16
1 - 16
o 9nH,v=1-127
x
x
x
x
x
x
o
o
o (120,126,127)
o (121)
o (122)
o (123-125)
o
x
3
x
x
0 - 127
0 - 127
o
o : Yes
x : No
Default
Messages
Altered
YAMAHA [ Digital Keyboard ] Date : 11, Nov 2010
Model NP-31 NP-11 MIDI Implementation Chart
Version : 1.0
Bank Select
Modulation
Main Volume
Panpot
Expression
Data Entry
Sustain
Portamento Control
Effect Depth
RPN Inc,Dec
RPN LSB,MSB
o 0 - 127
MIDI Implementation Chart
U.R.G., Digital Musical Instruments Division
NP-31/NP-11 MIDI Reference
©2011 Yamaha Corporation
103PO-01A
7
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