TDM2E1M
E1 over Ethernet Multiplexer
User’s Guide
1.1 Overview
The E1 over Ethernet Multiplexer can be used to provide E1 communication channels
over Ethernet or IP networks.
It can be used to emulate transparent E1 channels over an Ethernet with adequate QoS, so
that most of the existing E1based applications can be readily setup over Ethernet LANs and
WANs. One particular suited application is to build E1 links with low cost wireless LAN
bridges, replacing much more costly microwave radios.
1.2 Features
•
User-friendly Web server supported for easy setup and maintenance
•
Support SNMP V1 and V2 network management
•
Point to point and point to multipoint supported
•
Uplink ports 1+1 backup supported
•
provide one E1 Port and
•
Stable E1 clock recovery, low jitter and wander
•
Low processing delay for E1 channels, high bandwidth usage efficiency
•
Resist to packet loss, with PCM frame synchronization protection
•
User definable encapsulation packet size for different application
•
Support Ethernet encapsulation and UDP/IP protocol encapsulation
•
Support VLAN settings for E1 service and in band VLAN management.
•
Enough jitter buffer to resist packet delay variation (PDV)
•
Local and remote E1 LOS and AIS and packet loss indication for trouble-shooting and
maintenance
•
Hardware and software program online upgrade
1.3 Timing modes
To emulate a clear E1 channel over a packet network, it not only conveys data stream content
correctly from the source to the destination, but also passes timing. Packet networks do not
provide such built-in timing transparency mechanism as TDM networks do. it uses its
proprietary algorithm to reconstruct the E1 clock at the destination. The recovered clock is of
very high quality, with low jitter and wander. Typical frequency offset is within ±5ppm, and
jitter is below 0.1UI. It can be adopted in most applications. This timing mode of rebuilding the
E1 clock at the destination is called Adaptive Timing.
For applications where separate clock distribution network exists, another timing mode,
Loop back Timing, may be used for maximum clock quality.
The two timing modes of e1 over eth are depicted in Fig.1.4-1.
Fig.1.4-1 E1Timing modes
3
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A side
E1 over ethernet
B side
E1 over ethernet
Equipment A clock
mode
Equipment B clock
mode
Note
master
master
loop back
loop back
Equipment A & B clocks synchronous
adaptive
adaptive
master
master
adaptive
adaptive
Equipment A & B clocks
plesiochronous
master
slave
loop back
adaptive
adaptive
adaptive
slave
master
adaptive
loop back
adaptive
adaptive
slave
slave
Not allowed
In most cases, setting both units to adaptive timing mode is sufficient. But sometimes,
setting one unit to loop timing mode may work better. For example, setting the E1 over Ethernet
mux unit connected with the clock master (such as local exchange) to loop back mode, and the
other unit connected with the clock slave (such as PBX or remote module) to adaptive mode, is
probably better than setting both to adaptive modes.
One typical error in telecom applications is to connect two communication devices that are
both clock slaves. Neither will support such operation no mater how the timing modes are set.
Note
period, clock drift may exceed the limit, errors and slips may occur.
Various timing schemes are enlisted in Table 1.4-1, for applications depicted in Fig.1.4-2.
that E1 channel emulation takes several minutes to stabilize. During that
Fig.1.4-2 Timing mode scheme reference diagram
Table 1.4-1 Timing mode schemes
Note that setting both units to adaptive timing mode works well for all the conditions, although
the other option may work better.
2. System architecture
2.1 Description
The heart of e1 over eth is the TDM/Packet processing unit. It truncates E1 data stream,
putting the data into Ethernet packet with or without IP headers. The packets are passed to the
Ethernet switch unit via MII interface, and are sent out adaptive the uplink ports. Ethernet data
from two local data port are also sent out through the uplink ports, but with lower priority than
those packets containing E1 data.
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4
Label
Color Qty.
Definition
Note
Ready
G
1
System work state indicator:
On: System abnormal or system initialization.
Off: System abnormal or system not work.
Blink: Normal operation
Located
at the
box
panel
PWR
R
1
Power failure indicator
Off: Normal
On: Power Off / Failure
PKT los
1～2
R
2
Packet loss indicator for 1~2 E1:
On: E1 packet loss
Off: no packet loss
Blink: not receive packet
E1 los
1～2
R
2
LOS indicator for 1~2 E1 ports
On: LOS
Off: Normal or disable
Blink: AIS
REMOTE
1～2
G
2
1~2 E1 addressing of remote equipment link state indication:
On: E1 obtain MAC address of remote equipment;
Off: E1 have not obtained MAC address of remote equipment;
Link/Act
G
2
Ethernet link activity indicator
On: Link
Blink: Data
Off: Inactive
located
at the
Ethernet
socket
FDX
Y
2
duplex indicator
On: Full duplex
Off: Half duplex
Blink: Conflict
2.2 Front panel
2.2.1 Diagram
The front panel is shown as below:
2.2.2 LED’s
Fig. 2.3.1 E1 over Ethernet Multiplexer (220V AC)
When power the device on, PWR indicator will be lit, indicator Ready will be on
temporarily, which indicate the system is starting now. If the Ready light doesn’t blink as above,
which indicate the process runs abnormally, please restart the system again.
2.3 Dip Switches Definition
There are one 10-bit Dip Switch at the box bottom, the definition show as Table 2.4.1.
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Dip
label
Definition
DIP-1
ON
CGND
E1 75Ω output terminal outer shield grounded
OFF
OPEN
E1 75Ω output terminal outer shield open
DIP-2
DIP-3
E1interface impedance set
ON
OFF
120Ω
E1: 120Ω
OFF
ON
75Ω
E1: 75Ω
DIP-4～6
reserve
Reserved
DIP-7～9
reserve
Reserved
DIP-10
ON
IP Deflt
ON: Default IP address 192.192.192.192
OFF
IP normal
OFF: User set IP address
Pin
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 Definition
TxD+ TxD- RxD+
RxD-
Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Signal
－
+
GND
+
－
GND
E1-IN
E1-OUT
Fig 2.4-1 10-bit dip switch
Table 2.4-1 Dip Switches Definition
2.4 Ethernet ports
There are two RJ45 Ethernet ports on TDME1M/TDM2E1M panel, anyone could support
uplink connection or access to NMS PC. Interface mode support auto-negotiated, 100M full
duplex, 100M half duplex, 10M full duplex and 10M half duplex. RJ45 Ethernet socket pins
defined as:
Table 2.5-1 RJ45 socket definition
Note: 10/100Base-Tx interface has HP auto-MDIX function and it can check the
transmission and receiving sequence and make configuration. So both MDI
and MDI-X interfaces are supported and both cross line and direct line can
be selected.
2.5 E1 Port
There are 1 or 2 E1 ports on the rear panel, adopt RJ45 connector. The E1 ports
impendence are E1-120Ω, but could be convert to 75Ω unbalanced by external impedance
matcher. Default E1 ports are 120Ω. RJ45 connector and wire sequence and signal defined as
below:
Table 2.6-1 RJ45 120Ω-E1signal definition
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6
Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Signal
-
+ +
-
E1－IN
GND
E1－OUT
GND
2.6 Power
support ~220V AC or -48V DC power supply. It should be specified at the time of
purchase.
3. Installation
3.1
Electrical
3.1.1 Power connection
it consumes less than 10W of power.
WARNING: The system must be securely connected to a good protective ground for
safety. All interconnected equipment must be grounded for maintaining signal integrity as
well. Ground potential may also damage the interface ports.
WARNING:
To avoid electric shock, the ~220V outlet must have good ground.
3.1.2 E1 connections
1/2 E1 Ports Supported. E1 ports impendence are E1-120Ω for twisted pair cables or 75Ω
for coax. The E1-120Ω RJ45 sockets are default for ports.
The E1-120Ω connection cable is made with RJ45 connectors and a length of 4-pair twisted
cable.
The RJ45 sockets are default for E1-120Ω, when the 2
Table 3.1-1 120Ω-E1 signal definition
nd
and 3
rd
dip of 10-bit dip
switch should be set to ON and OFF respectively; When the 2nd and 3rd dip of 10-bit dip
switch are set to OFF and ON respectively, E1 interface impedance will be 75Ω.The cable
BH4.851.122 is for one RJ45 connecter to two BNC (F) sockets conversion.
Fig. 3.1-2 75Ω converting cable
By NMS, E1ports provide local loop back and remote loop back, 1/2 E1 ports loop back can be
7
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Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Signal
RxD+
RxD-
TxD+
TxD-
Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Signal
RxD+
RxD-
TxD+
GND
GND
TxD-
GND
GND
set independently, and by the dip RA on front panel E1 indicators can be controlled to indicate
local or remote ports LOS and AIS status. The local and remote loop back definition is shown as
Fig 3.1-3:
Fig 3.1-3 E1 loop back
Rx->Tx can test E1 connection cable, and Tx->
is used to test the whole circuit
Rx
including e1 over eth in the two ends and the link between them.
3.1.3 Ethernet connection
Connect the uplink Ethernet port to the Ethernet transport network, such as the wireless
LAN bridge, and connect the local data port to computers or an Ethernet switch for local data
applications.
The signal definition of the two local Ethernet ports is given in Table 3.1.3-1.
Table 3.1.3-1 Ethernet signal definition
Note: The ports confirm to HP auto-MDIX spec. It will automatically adapt to
parallel or crossed cables.
The signal definition of the uplink Ethernet ports is given in Table 3.1.3-2.
Table 3.1.3-2 Ethernet signal definition
Note: The uplink port link parallel cable to LAN bridge.
WARNING: When connecting to a wireless LAN bridge, the uplink Ethernet cable
often connects to the outdoor unit, posing danger to lightning strikes that can seriously
damage the equipment. To protect the equipment as well as people, surge protection
devices with good earth connection is strongly recommended. Poor earth connection may
also hinder the operation of the Ethernet port, causing severe packet losses.
4. Common faults
This paragraph describes common mistakes and faults that may occur during installation
and maintenance.
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8
4.1 E1 Alarms
There are two groups of LEDs, PKT LOS and LOS for E1 alarms LEDs.
When E1 LOS LED is on, loss of E1 signal fault is detected by EthMux. Possible causes
include:
•
The downstream equipment such as telephone exchange or PCM terminal is
powered off.
•
The E1 cable connection looses or broken.
E1 LOS LED blinks when respective input E1 signal is AIS, i.e. the content of E1 data is
all 1’s. Such alarm indicates fault conditions on the part of the downstream equipment.
E1 LOS site is controlled by Dip Switch RA state. When RA Dip Switch ON, the red
LEDs indicate remote E1 LOS state. When RA Dip Switch OFF, the red LEDs indicate local
E1 LOS state.
The E1 PKT LOS lights are packet loss indicator, On for Ethernet packet loss, Blink for E1
Packet Loss, Off for Normal.
4.2 Lnk/Act LED off
Lnk/Act LED off means the corresponding Ethernet link is not working. Check the
Ethernet cable connection, and the status of the device on the other end of the cable.
4.3 Ready LED does not blink
After power on, the Ready LED should start to blink. If not, try switch power off and on
again. If this error persists, call for support.
4.4 Can not built communication
Two ends of equipments are in one Ethernet broadcast domain, check the IP dual relations
is right and MAC address should be unique.
4.5 Downstream reporting slips
Check if the downstream equipment has correct clock mode. At least one of them must be
clock master. Set the EthMux on master side to loop back timing.
If the downstream equipment on both sides is not synchronized, slips are not avoidable.
At the transition time after power on or reapplying the E1signal, slips and errors are
acceptable. Such transition may take several minutes.
5. Web Manager
Both Web Server and SNMP management are supported through anyone of two Ethernet
ports of e1 over eth
The management has four sections: Status, Line Test, Configuration and System. User
name and password are required to enter the sections of Line Test Configuration and system.
Both the default user name and password are “admin”. Customers can modify the user name and
password in the System section.
After input the device’s IP address (for example,192.168.1.3),the following menu appears,
9
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then input user name and password.
Fig5 Enter Menu
Note that the modifications of system will be valid after submit and reboot, while the
modifications of Line Test (E1 loop-back setting) and Configuration can be valid only after
submit.
5.1 Show current status menu
After input the IP address, status information of TDME1M will be displayed such as
hardware version, software version, IP address, subnet mask, gateway address and MAC address.
Details are shown in fig.5.1-1.
Fig5.1-1 Status Menu
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10
Click on the line status option will bring the E1 line Status Information window showing
LOS, AIS, loop-back status and power fail. The alarm could be masked by related Alarm Mask
settings, once alarm mask is set, alarm log, panel alarm indicators and alarms in SNMP will all
be masked, shown as Fig.5.1-2.
Fig.5.1-2 E1 line Status Information
5.2 Line Test
Loop back controls provide E1 line loop test function.
Click on E1 Loop back option will bring the window as fig5.2-2. E1 setting can be valid
after submit but not saved, that is, Eight E1s will not loop back after restart.
Fig.5.2-1 E1 Loop-back Management
5.3 Service Configuration
5.3.1 Service configuration and parameters instruction
This section includes E1 service management, VLAN management, Ethernet Management,
SNMP configuration. Every section has many parameters setting. As Fig5.3-1.
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Parameters
Selections
Explanations
E1
Management
E1
E1
For TDM2E1M, E1 set is for both 2 channels of E1 service.
Default: E1
T1
Encapsulation
Level
1~5
E1 data size encapsulated in E1 ， N=1~5 optional ， corresponding to
256×Nbyte（E1）.The bigger the packet is the more data each packet
encapsulated, the lower overhead it has. Bandwidth efficiency will be raised
and delay will be increased.
Default :2
Use IP
Encapsulation
Yes
Yes：IP encapsulation，source and destination IP address should be set.
Bandwidth efficiency will be reduced
(default)No：do not use IP encapsulation，high bandwidth efficiency
No
Bandwidth
Uplink
Uplink: Set full duplex bandwidth for uplink Ethernet port，actual bandwidth
should be higher than this value.
Default 30000bps. Then data port bandwidth= Uplink bandwidth=Uplink
bandwidth-E1 occupied bandwidth.
Data: limit local Ethernet ports full duplex bandwidth. Then Uplink
bandwidth=data port bandwidth+E1 occupied bandwidth.
Data
Enable
Enable this E1 channel. Default: enable
Destination IP
Remote end IP address；4 E1 line IP addresses can be set separately
Default 192.168.1.3
Timing Mode
Adaptive
Adaptive mode:E1 timing from remote E1 stream；
Loop back mode:E1 timing comes from local E1 stream
Loop back
Fig.5.3-1 E1 service Management
In the E1 service management menu, customers could set each E1 service number (Service
No), service number support capital letter/small letter, digits and some special characters input,
maximum 20 bits or 2 Chinese characters. Note: Service No. should not be some special
characters such as “/”, “\” etc. E1 service managed parameters settings are described as below:
Table 5.3-1 E1 service management parameters
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12
Parameters
Selections
Explanations
Jitter Buffer
2~120ms
Jitter absorption buffer: worked with the link with bigger jitter, used to buffer
the receiving packets.
Coming packets buffer to eliminate jitter. Range：2~120ms。
Default 16ms
From remote port
Select coresponding relation of local E1 ports to remote E1 port service.
Parameters
Selections
Explanation
VLAN
Management
E1 VLAN
Configuration
Enable
VLAN
Yes：with VLAN tag，support the VLAN network with priority to guarantee
E1 QoS； (default)No：
no VLAN tag
Priority
Define users priority, including 8 levels (0-7), the number is bigger, the
priority is higher. Default: 5
Van ID
VLAN identify section, support 4096 VLAN identity. Range (0-4095).
Default: 2662.
Local
Data VLAN
Configuration
Data2
Add vlan tag in local Ethernet service packet, the selection is as E1 VLAN
Configuration default: disable vlan, priority 0, valn ID:1
Data1/
monitor
Note: The sentence with underline is default settings.
Fig.5.3-2 VLAN management
Table 5.3-2 VLAN management parameters
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Parameters
Selections
Explanation
Eth Port Status
Port
2 Ethernet ports status indication:
Port: 2 Ethernet ports.
Link: indicate current Ethernet link(Up/Down)
Speed 10/100Mbps: indicate current Ethernet port speed
Duplex: indicate current Ethernet work mode (half/full)
Link
Speed 10/100Mbps
Duplex
Mode
2 Ethernet ports work mode configuration:
adaptive (default)
100Mfull
10Mfull
100M half
10M half
Alarm mask
Set Ethernet port alarm mask
5.3.2 Service configuration indication
1. The MAC address of TDME1M is fixed in the device. ARP is supported and the remote
end MAC address can be got through auto-negotiation. So it is unnecessary to set the MAC
address for the remote end, but IP address is needed.
NOTE：Each device should have only one MAC address in the broadcast domain!
2. In order to improve the E1 data transmission service quality, according to Ethernet
provided transmission support IEEE 802.1Q and 802.1por not, TDME1M can set whether to add
VLAN tag with priority in the encapsulate process. According to 802.1Q/802.1p standard to
packing, the encapsulation overhead is bigger (more 4 bits is added in each Ethernet packet), but
it also can be transmit according to priority level. But to the network which doesn’t support
802.1p, it is no sense to set VLAN but increase unnecessary bandwidth, so here should set
VLAN to NO.
5.4 Network configuration
The system configuration includes network configuration, change password, default
Fig.5.3-3 Ethernet management
Table 5.3-3 Ethernet management parameters
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14
Parameter
Options
Description
Network
Management
Uplink1 Service No
Set uplink port service number
Uplink2 Service No
IP Address
Set equipment IP address;
default 192.168.1.2
Sub mark
It is used to judge the resource and destination IP is in
one subnet or not, please and the resource and
destination IP address by bit, they are in one subnet if
the result is same, otherwise, they are in different
subnet, should use gateway router; default
255.255.255.0.
Gateway IP Address
If resource and destination is not in one subnet, gateway
IP address should be set, and gateway address should be
in the same subnet with resource equipment. ARP is
used to get address. Default 192.168.1.1
parameters settings, save parameters and reboot the equipment. The interfaces are shown as
below:
5.4.1 System network management
Same as E1 service No in E1 service management menu, Node ID, uplink Service No. and
Data service No. also support capital letters/small letters, digits and some special characters
input, maximum 20 bits or 2 Chinese characters. Note: Node ID and Service No. should not be
some special characters such as “/”, “\” etc.
Fig 5.4-1 network configuration system
Table 5.4-1 system network management parameters
15
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5.4.2 Change the password
Fig 5.4-2 change the password
The change will be valid after confirm the submitting.
Default parameter recovery
Fig 5.4-3 default parameters menu
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16
5.4.3 Save parameter
Fig 5.4-4 Save parameter
5.4.4 Reboot system
Fig5.4-5 Reboot equipment
6. Specification
6.1 Capacity
It supports 1~2 E1 ports, two 10/100Base-Tx uplink Ethernet ports.
6.2 E1 interface
Comply with ITU-T G.703 recommendation
E1 port impedance E1-120Ω for twisted pair cables or 75Ω for coax (The RJ45 E1-120Ω
are default for ports)
End-to-end delay (minimum delay setting) ≤ 10ms
Output frequency offset (adaptive timing, stabilized) ≤ 5 ppm
Output jitter (adaptive timing) ≤ 0.1UI
17
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6.3 10/100Base-Tx port
Comply with IEEE 802.3
10M/100M Adaptive
Half/Full Duplex Adaptive
Support 802.1Q MAC
Uplink ports 1+1 backup supported
Two user data ports supported. And Web manager supported through anyone of two user
data ports.
6.4 Power
AC： 100V~260V/50Hz (fuse: 1A)
DC： -38V ~ -62V (optional)
Power Consumption： ≤4W
6.5 Operating condition
Temperature: (0～45) ℃
Humidity: ≤90％ (non-condensing)
6.6 Dimensions
Width × Height × Depth： 185×35×138 mm
6.7 Weight
≤ 1 kg
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