Xircom Redhawk II User Manual

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Formerly Omnipoint Technologies, Inc.

Redhawk™ II GSM Wireless Terminal

Users Guide

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Redhawk II GSM Modem Users Guide Draft: 10/30/00 2 Part Number: 07100020 version 00B

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Important Safety Information

Some of the following informat i on may not apply to all devices described in this manual. However, precautions should be observed when handling any electrical device.

Save this manual, it contains important safety information and operating

instructions. Do not expose the Redhawk II product to open flames.

Care should be taken so that liquids do not spill into the devices.

A qualified electrician should perform all primary connections to AC power.

Do not attempt to disassemble the product. Doing so will void the warranty. With

the exception of Subscriber Identification Modules (SIM), this product does not contain consumer ser v ic eabl e com pon e nts.

Guidelines for Limiting RF Exposure

The Redhawk II products are GS M radio transc ei v ers, which operate under the authority of 47 CF R Part 24, Subpart E of t he FCC Rules and Regulations. When installed and o perated in accordance with the in structions provi ded in this manual , these devices comply with current F CC regulations regarding human exposure to radio frequency - electromagnetic fields.

The following installation and operation restrictions apply to all Redhawk II products: These devic es may only be use d i n fixed and mobile applications

Portable appli cations, as defin ed by the FCC, are prohibited

A separation di st ance of at least 20 c m (7 7/8) inches betw een the antenna a nd

body of the user and other person s m ust be maintained at all times In FIXED applications antenna gain* is limited to a maximum of 7 dBi, with a

correspondi ng equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of 37 dBm / 5 W In MOBILE applications antenna gain* is limited to a maximum of 3 dBi, with a

correspondi ng equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of 33 dBm / 3 W Desktop and other uses of these devices where t he antenna can easi l y be relocated

are considered by the FCC to be mobil e applications.

* Antenna gain is defined as gain in dBi (dB referenced to an isotropic radiator) minus cabling loss.

NOTE: Additio nal care must be taken by the installer and/or user of the Redhawk IITM products to ensure proper antenna selection a nd installation. Adherence to the above conditions is necessary to comply with FCC requirement s for safe operation regarding exposure to RF radiation.

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Disclaimer

The information and instructions contained within this pu blication com pl y w i th all FCC, NRLT, IM EI and other applic able codes in effe ct at the time of publication. Xircom, Inc. disclaims all responsibility for any act, or breach of law, code or reg ul ation, includi ng local or state codes, performe d by a t hi rd party.

Xircom strongly recommends that all installations, hookups, transmissions, etc. be performed by persons who are exp erienced in the fields of radio frequency technologies. Xircom acknowledges that the i nstallation, s et up and transmissi on guidelines contained within this publication are guidelines, and that each inst al l ation may have v ari ables outside of the guidelin es contained herein. Said variables must be taken into consideration when installing or using the product, and Xircom, Inc. sh al l not be responsible for installati ons or transmissions that fall outside of the parameters set forth in this publication.

Xircom shall not be liable for consequential or incidental damages, injury to any person or property, anticipated or lost profits, l oss of time, or oth er losses incurred by Customer or any thir d party in connection with the installation of the Products or Customer's fail ure to comply with t he i nformation and instruction s contained herein.

Beta Release Notes

Data Services

The current soft w are release does not support transpar ent circuit switched data or Group 3 Fax. These services will be added in subsequent versions.

AT Commands

The current software version does not support all AT commands listed in this document. Please reference the at tached Errata sh eet for a list of the nonfunctioning AT commands. These commands will be added in future software versions.

PUK Procedure

The PUK procedure outlined in this document will be changing.

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DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY

Xircom, Inc. of 2300 Corporat e Ce nt e r Drive, Th ousand Oaks, CA 91360 declares that the Xircom Redhawk™ II GSM Radio Module, model 2110-1300 (900/1800) is in conformance w i th all relevant essential requir ements of the European Council Directives listed below:

1999/5/EC Radio and Telecommunicati on s Terminal Equipment Directive

(Following Annex III of this Directive) 89/336/EEC EMC Directive with Amendme nt 92/ 31/EEC and 93/68/EEC 72/23/EEC Low Voltage Directive wi t h Amendment 93/68/EEC

This declarat ion is made based upon complia nce to the followi ng standards:

EN 60950 (1992 w/ A1, 2, 3, 4) Safety of Information Techn ol ogy Equipment,

Including El ect rical Business Equipment

ETS 300 342-1 Edition 2 (June 1997) Radio Equipment and Syst ems (RES);

Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) for European digi t al cellular telecommunications system (GSM 900 MHz and DCS 1800 MHz). Part 1: Mobile and portable radio and ancillary equipment.

TBR 19 Edition 3 (October 1996) European digital cell ular telecommunications

system (Phase 2); Attachment requirements for global system for mobile comm unications (GSM) mobile stations; Access

TBR 31 Edition 2 (March 1998) Digital cellular telecommunications system

(Phase 2); Attachment requirements for mobile stations in the D CS 1800 band and additional GSM 900 band; Access

Xircom further declares that all ess ential radio test suites have been carried out. This declaration is made under our sole responsibility.

Authorized Si gnature: ______ ______________ _____________ Date: __________________

R.W. Bass Vice President, O perations Xircom Europe, Middle East, and Africa Veldkant 31 2550 Kontich, Belgium

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

REDHAWK™ II GSM WIRELESS TERMINAL

USERS GUIDE

Safety Precautions......................................................................................... 2

Important Safety Information....................................................................... 2

Guidelines for Limiting RF Exposure.............................................................. 2

Disclaimer................................................................................................. 3

Beta Release Notes .................................................................................... 3

DECLARATION OF CONFORMI TY..................................................................... 4

.............................................................................................. 1

.................................................... 1

TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................... 5

Product Overview .......................................................................................... 7

Model Variation ......................................................................................... 7

General Description.................................................................................... 8

Summary of the Features for the Redhawk II Modem....................................... 9

Front Panel ............................................................................................. 10

GSM Overview........................................................................................ 14

Redhawk II Programming Manual................................................................ 15

Backward Compatibility ............................................................................ 15

Modes of Operat ion.................................................................................. 15

Provisioning the SIM..................................................................................... 19

GSM Services Supported by the Redhawk II Modem...................................... 19

Selecting the Modes of Operation............................................................... 19

Antenna Selection........................................................................................ 20

Connector............................................................................................... 20

Antenna Selection.................................................................................... 20

Antenna Selection: Performance Guidelines.................................................. 20

Modem Antenna Location and Network Communication................................. 21

Installation & Initialization ............................................................................. 23

Guidelines for Limiting RF Exposure............................................................ 23

Installation and Verification ....................................................................... 23

SMS Message Verification......................................................................... 30

Final Verifica ti on...................................................................................... 34

Detailed Specifications.................................................................................. 35

Physical Dimensions and Weight ................................................................ 35

Operating Power...................................................................................... 35

Care and Maintenance.............................................................................. 36

Environmental Specifications ......................................................................... 37

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Climatic, Operational................................................................................ 37

Repair and return Policy................................................................................ 39

regulations and Compliance........................................................................... 40

GSM Full Type Ap pr oval (FTA)................................................................... 40

FCC notices............................................................................................ 40

CLASS A................................................................................................ 40

CLASS B ................................................................................................ 41

Human Exposure Compliance..................................................................... 41

NRTL / IMEI Approval............................................................................... 42

EMC/Safety Requirements for the Countries of the European Union (EU) .......... 42

EMC/Safety Requirements for Other Countries.............................................. 43

Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) and Safety Requirements....................... 43

Glossary And Acr o nyms................................................................................ 45

Appendix A................................................................................................. 48

Installing the Remote Antenna ................................................................... 48

Contacting XIRCOM..................................................................................... 54

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PRODUCT OVERVIEW

The Redhawk II Modem is built around the Eagle II™ Data Terminal , a compact, wireless modem that utilizes the international standard Global System for Mobile communications (GSM). The dat a terminal enables low-cost, application-specific, two-way communication and control. It takes f ull ad vantage of GSM capabilit ies such as Subscri ber Identity Modules (SIM), which are "smart cards" that provides numerous advantages.

Over-the-air communication lets the Redhawk II terminal accomplish tasks that previously required on-site visits and offers innovative new service capabilities never before available. In addition, t e rminal authenti cation and dat a encryption ensures a more confide ntial communic ation link betwe en the terminal us er and the data recipient.

Model Variation

Redhawk II modems are available in two config urations: Redhawk II: This modem is GSM only and supports Short message service (SMS),

unstructured supplementary service data (USSD), voice, and circuit switch ed data (transparent and non-transparent mode) up to 9.6 Kbps.

900 MHz & 1800 MHz: Part # 2110-1300

900 MHz & 1900 MHz: Part # 2110-1500

Redhawk IIG: This modem has the same GSM functionality as the Redhawk II with

the addition that it is GPRS hardware ready. It provides GPRS packet data up to and including Class 10, in addition to Short message service (SMS), unstructured

Figure 1: Redh aw k I I Modem

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supplementary service data (USSD), voice, and circuit switched data (transparent and non-transparent mode) up t o 9. 6 Kbps.

900 MHz & 1800 MHz: Part # 2210-1300

900 MHz & 1900 MHz: Part # 2210-1500

General Description

The Redhawk II c ontains the Eagle II radio data modu le and a Carrier Board assembly in a aluminum housing. The Eagl e I I radio module provides the GSM ov er t he air radio link and m odem command f unctions. More det ai led information on the Eagle II can be found in the Ea gle II Technical Manual (part # 07100017). The Carri er Board provides DC to DC conversion and standard interface connections wi th drivers for two serial interfaces, a voice interface, and DC power.

Eagle II Terminal

Carrier Board

Figure 2: Redh aw k I I Modem Breakout

The modem operates under a wide range of DC input p ower. (+5V to +28V) Communication is through an RS-232 physical interface, using t he GSM - AT command set. Other unique AT commands are also a v ai lable, provi ding the opportunity to m onitor and report n etwork conditi ons that may be relev ant to the management of multiple deployed terminals. See the Programmers Manual for details on these unique commands.

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Summary of the Features for the Redhawk II Modem

Interface

Power

Radio Features

Regulatory

GSM Functionality

SIM International

Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI)

Primary serial port V.24 protocol, 3 V (5 V tolerant) levels Secondary serial port Secondary 3 V serial port (Any functions other than SMS

messaging requires the development of custom applications)

Voice Supports three vocoder modes: half-rate, full-rate, and enhanced

full-rate (EFR)

Antenna Female SMA

Command protocol AT command set Subscriber Identification Module

(SIM) Electrical power Fixed DC voltage

Peak currents and average power dissipation

Frequency bands GSM 900, DCS 1800, and PCS 1900 capability, depending on

GSM features supported Provides for all GSM authentication, encryption, and frequency

Agency approvals

Mobile-originated and mobile-terminated SMS messages: up to 140 bytes or up to 160 GSM 7bit ASCII characters. Up to 255 messages may be concatenated.

Reception of Cell Broadcast Message

SMS Receipt acknowledgement

Circuit Switched Data (Transparent & Non-transparent fixed at 9.6 Kbps

Voice

Group 3 Fax

Supports GSM Phase 2+

Supports Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD) Not all GSM operators support USSD. For more information, contact Customer Support for the GSM operator.

Redhawk IIG hardware is capable of supporting General Packet Radio Services (GPRS) when configured with optional memory. (GPRS Class B, Multislot Class 10 software will be available at a later date.)

3 V Mini-Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) carrier and interface on board The IMEI allows defective or stolen equipment to be barred from using the GSM network.

The IMEI number is unique to each Redhawk II modem. It reveals the manufacturer, the country of production, and the type approval facility. When the Redhawk II modem is powered on and tries to register with the GSM network, the network pr ovider checks the IMEI. If the IMEI is valid and has not been barred, the Redhawk II modem is allowed to register with the network.

3 V mini-SIM carrier and interface on board

Refer to the Operatin g Power table in the Techn i cal Specifications section for peak currents and average power dissipation for various modes of operation.

the product.

hopping algorithms.

GSM Type Approval

FCC Certification (Part 24)

CE (European Community Certification)

IC (Industry Canada) available

Table 1: Summary of Features

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Front Panel

ANT

STATUS

SERIAL 1

Antenna Connector (ANT)

The Redhawk II modem is designed to support interchangeable antenna types, provided that each antenna h as 5 0 -ohm impeda nce and has been t uned to the frequency band intended. It comes standard with a female SMA-type connector.

DC Power (PWR)

The Redhawk II modem requires an inp ut voltage of 5.0 VDC to 28.0 VDC. The input source v oltage ripple should be less than 20% of the average supply voltage peak-to-peak under normal operating conditions.

SIM

MIC/SPKRCTLPW R

Figure 3: Redh aw k I I F ront Panel

The power cable m at i ng connector is a Molex part #43025-0200 (shell ) and #43030-0009 (bag of pins) or #43030-0003 (reel of pins).

PWR

+V (VIN)

-V (GND)

Figure 4: Input Power Connector

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Number

1 VIN From CPE Electrical power input to Redhawk II modem:

2 GND From CPE Electrical power return for digital and analog

Signal Name

Direction Functionality

5.0 VDC to 28.0 VDC

grounds.

Table 2: Power C on nector Pin Out

Primary Serial Interface (SERIAL 1)

This serial I/O interface (RS-232) uses a DB-9 connector and supports auto baud capability from 300 bps to 19200 bps with hardware handshake flow control.

Number

1 DCD0_DS To CPE Data Carrier Detec t 0. DCE Output sign al . Active low. Main

Signal Name

Direction Functionality Voltage

3 V serial interface data carrier detect signal. Connects to a DTE, CD, Carrier Detect pin.

Level

2 RX0_DS To CPE Receive data 0. DCE Output s i gnal. Main serial interface

transmit data signal. During idle or reset, signal will be a logic

1. Connects to a DTE, RX, receive data pin.

3 TX0_DS From CPE Transmit data 0. DCE Input signal. Active low. Main serial

interface receive data signal. During idle o r reset, signal will be a logic 1. Connects to a DTE, TX, transmit data pin.

4 DTR0_DS From CPE Data Terminal Ready 0. DCE Input signal. Active low. Main

serial interface data terminal ready signal. Connects to a DTE, DTR, Data Terminal Ready pin.

5 GND_IN From CPE Electrical power return for digital and analog grounds. 6 DSR0_DS To CPE Data Set Ready 0. DCE Output signal. Active low. Main serial

interface data set ready signal. Connects to a DTE, DSR, Data Set Ready pin.

7 RTS0_DS From CPE Request-To-Send 0. DCE Input signal. Active low. Main serial

interface request to send signal. Connects to a DTE, RTS, Request-To-Send pin.

8 CTS0_DS To CPE Clear-To-Send 0. DCE Output signal. Active low. Main serial

interface clear to send s i gnal. Connects to a DTE, CTS, Clear to send pin.

9 RI0_DS To CPE Ring Indicator 0. DCE Output signal. Active low. Main serial

interface ring indicator signal. Connects to a DTE, RI, Ring Indicator pin.

3 V

5 V or

3 V

5 V or

3 V

5 V or

3 V

NOTE: The maximum length for the Primary Serial cable is 50 feet.

Table 3: Primary Serial Connector Pin Out

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Secondary Serial Control Interface (CTL)

This serial I/O interfaces (RS-232) that support auto baud capability from 300 bps to 19200 bps.

Connector:

Number

1 GPIO2_RJ To/From CPE General purpose I/O. Used as a general purpose input or output

2 GPIO1_RJ To/From CPE General purpose I/O. Used as general a purpose input or output

3 RX_D From CPE Receive Data 1. DTE Input signal. Secondary serial-interface

4 TX_D To CPE Transmit Data 1. DTE Output signal. Secondary serial-interface

5 GND _RJ To CPE Electrical power return for digital and analog grounds. 6 GPIO0_RJ To/From CPE General purpose I/O. Used as general a purpose input or output

RJ-11

Signal Name

Direction Functionality Voltage

line for monitoring or control of external devices. Requires customized stack softwar e to implement. Leave sig nals disconnected if function is not used.

receive data signal. Used as a debug interface for test purposes. Leave signal disconnected if function is not used.

transmit data signal. Used as a debug interface for test purposes. Leave signal disconnected if function is not used.

line for monitoring or control of external devices. Requires customized stack softwar e to implement. Leave sig nals disconnected if function is not used.

Level

3 V

5 V or

3 V

Table 4: Secondary Seri al Connector Pin Out

NOTE: The maximum length for the Secondary Serial cable is 50 feet .

Voice interface (MIC/SPKR)

Uses an RJ-9 connector and prov i des differential m i crophone inputs and speaker outputs.

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Number

1 MIC0N From CPE Microphone Negative. Negative input pin from an electret-type

2 SPK0N To CPE Speaker Negative. Negative output pin. Low side of a push-pull

3 SPK0P To CPE Speaker Positive. Positive output pin. High side of a push-pull

4 MIC0P From CPE Microphone Positive. Positive input pin from an electret-type

Signal Name

Direction Functionality Voltage

microphone. Nominal microphone differential voltage should be

2.0 volts. Impedance not less th an 900 ohms. Leave signal disconnected if function is not used.

amplifier. Speaker impedance 15 oh ms, minimum. Speaker capacitance of 700 pF, maximum. Driver voltage is 4.5 V peak-to-peak. Leave signal disconnected if function is not used.

microphone. Nominal microphone differential voltage should be

2.0 volts. Impedance not less th an 900 ohms. Leave signal disconnected if function is not used.

Table 5: Voice Con n ector Pin Out

Subscriber Interface Module (SIM)

Level

The SIM, an inte gral part of any GSM terminal device, i s programmed with subscriber information. The SIM is not provided with the Redhawk II unit and m ust be provided by t he GSM service subscriber. Care must be taken to prote ct the SIM. A GSM terminal will not operate without the SIM installed.

The user information consists of an identity (IMEI n umber) registered w i th the GSM provider, and a n encryption Ki (pronounced key). T he S I M consists of a microprocess or chip and memory, installed on a pl ast ic card. Redhawk II uses the "mini-SIM" or pl ug in configuration. The SIM, which is removable, slips into a slot on the front of the modem.

The SIM card performs authentication. To gain access to the GSM network, the network must recognize the IMEI number and the term inal must be abl e to properly decrypt the data sent by the network. The SIM also serves as a buffer for Incom ing and Stored SMS m essages, or when a radio link is not available, store an outgoing message unti l a network link is established.

Power must be off w hen installing or re m oving a SIM card.

Status Indication (STATUS)

The Redhawk II m odem provides a mult i -color LED that in di cates the current l i nk status and sig nal quality.

Note:

The LED illuminates any time power is applied to the Redhawk II modem.

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LED Color Link Status Signal Quality

Green

Orange

Solid Red

Flashing

GSM Overview

The GSM communications stan dard, already wi del y deployed in Eur ope, Asia, and North America, overcomes many of the drawback s found in other wireless telemetry approaches. The GSM communications network was designed from the ground up, for reliable and inexpensive di gi tal data transfers.

The GSM network (Figure 4) employs integrated data and data-friendly capabilities such as short mes sage services, circuit switched dat a and, soon, GPRS, w hich brings the best of wireless and packet data into harmony and will make new services even more practical and affordable. In many countries around the world, especially in Western Euro pe, GSM-based networks are the onl y digital networks deployed.

Red

Modem is attached to the network

Modem is in Start-up mode or is not attached to the network

Link signal is optimal

Link is less than optimal but is acceptable

Link is unacceptable

Figure 5: Redhawk II terminal deployment in a GSM network

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The Redhawk II modem leverages existing public GSM networks, as opposed to other systems that require the utility to build, operate, and maintain expensive private wirele ss networks.

Redhawk II Programming Manual

For greater flexibility that enhances the usability of the Redhawk II Modems, Xircom has provided an AT Command s - Prog rammers Manual. Part #07100014-00A. This manual goes into greater detail, in an easy to read format, on the enhanced programming capabilities specific to the Redhawk II system.

Backward Compatibility

GSM functionality is forever evolving. Subsequently, in order to maintain the highest standards, the Redhawk II modems will be backward compatible with new GSM functionality such as General Packet Radio Service (GPRS). Applications supported with early current versions of the modem will continue to be supported, as GSM technology e v ol ves to GPRS, and then on to third generation tec hnologies, which are now in the process of standardi zation and development.

Modes of Operation

Redhawk II offers several mod es of operation t o address a variety of application requirements.

Circuit Switched Data

Circuit switched data is the most widespread and traditional means of data and voice transmi ssion available today. A circuit switched connect i on occupies one network line for the entire length of data transmission and duri ng this time, no other user may access t his network line. A circuit switched connection i s the optimal means for transmi tting any cont i nuous amount of data, such as vide o transmission or voice.

A common exam pl e of a circuit switched network is the public tele phone system. When person A pi cks up the telepho ne and dials the number of person B, the network determ ines and assigns a path for that transmission. The signal travels through each assigned circuit switch to complete the connection.

Once the signal has reached perso n B, a continuous two-way transmission path has been establi shed. On a long dist ance call, for ex ample, many circuits would nee d to be connected together to make the call possibl e. These circuits are dedicated to the call for the duration of the transm i ssion and cannot be shared by oth er users. This requires substantial network resources to be allocated per user.

Transparent and Non Transparent Transmissions

GSM provides two connection modes of transmission: trans parent and nontransparent. All Redhawk II models support both modes. The transparent data mode delivers a service with a variable error rate, with a guar anteed throughp ut and delay, whereas the non-transparent mode delivers a constantly low forwar d error correction rate, but with a n on-guaranteed throughput or delay.

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The non-trans parent service deli v ers the most reli abl e performance a nd is closest to using a modem over a fixed telep hone line. Not all GSM service provid ers support transparent mode. In those cases, the unit switches automatically to non-transparent mode.

Short Message Service

To accommodate smaller messages, GSM uses short message service (SMS) for efficient and timely data transmission and data retrieval. SMS is a point-to-point, storage and fo rw arding, message service that is used in data transmissions such as paging, notification, news flashes, and inf ormation retrieval .

Short messages can carry up to 140 8-bit c ha racters. (160, 7-bit character s available – See Programmers Manual f or configuration)

Short Messages can be sent and received simultaneously with a voice or data call and are sent above the voice or data in the overhead-signaling p ath (Traffic & Bearer).

Although simil ar in concept to tra di tional paging, t he primary differe nce is that SMS is not geographically restricte d a s paging systems are. Moreover, the GSM network stores and resends the message if the receiver’s handset is turned off (In some cases, if a pager is t urned off, the me ssage is simply lost).

Listed below are the essential characteristics and assumptions regarding the form of SMS supported by the Redhawk II family of modems.

Support of both mobile origin ated and mobile t erm inated SMS.

Delivery of message to either designated telephone numbers.

8-bit data

Message Class 1

Message concatenation up to 255 messages (Verify with s ervice provider that

support for this capability is available) Up to 140 ASCII Character per message using 8-bit data mode. ( 160 characters

if 7bit GSM ASCII used) Status report in di cator not sent to SME

More Messages to Send (MMS) configuration.

Validity Period

Service Center Time Stamp

Alert SMS-SC

Priority and Message Waiting

Message Waiting

In addition to t he above, the following importa nt SMS functions are supported:

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Submit a SMS TPDU to an SMS-SC, and store a copy of it until either a report arrives from the network or from the network, or a timer expires

Receive a SMS TPDU from an SMS-SC

Return a deliver y report to the network for a previously received message

Receive a report f r o m the network

Notify the network when it has memory capacity available to receive one or

more SMS messa ges after it has previously rejecte d a m essage because i ts memory capacit y w as exceeded

Support for Unstructured Supplementary Services Data

Unstructured S upplementary Services Data (USSD ) is a supplementary service to allow for custom features by GSM ser v i ce providers. Th e m ain distinctio n bet ween USSD and SMS is that the originator is guaranteed a real-time response and acknowledg em ent in USSD, whereas SMS provides no such guar antee.

Put simply, USSD allows the transmission of strings o f characters between the terminal and network in a tran sparent fashion. Both mobile-ini tiated and net w orkinitiated USSD transactions have been standardized in the GSM specifications. Such transactions are normally in the form of a request character string followed by a response charact er strin g.

Voice

In the case of GSM handsets, a valid USSD string is keyed into the handset (e.g., *#1446#) and the SEND key is pres sed.

The characters of the request string are restricted to i nt egers (0-9), has h ( # ) and

star (*). The characters of the response stri ng can be numeric or alphabet character.

USSD may be more appropriate for potential applications where a real-time response is required, su ch as point of sales. The Redhawk II modem supports all forms of USSD, both mobile and network initiated. P l ease note that (U SSD is a GSM supplementary service requiri ng subscription. )

The Redhawk II modem has full voice capabilities, provided the necessary connections have been made for the speaker and microphone pins on the 60-pin I/O connector. The AT commands and their r esponses allow th e user to enter and receive information from the Redhawk II modem. These functions include the ability for dialing, f or providing on-h ook or off-hook, and for controlling other aspects of the voice call interface.

The Redhawk II modem supports three vocoder compression algorithms for voice communication: half-rate, full-rate, and enhanced full-rate (EFR)

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General Packet Radio Service (GPRS)

GPRS is the next step in GSM data services: a fully packet-based protocol service with direct access to the Internet. By bringing th e best features of messaging, circuit-switched services, an d packet data into harmony, GPRS promises to make new applicati ons even more practical and affordable. Future releases of the Redhawk II modem will support GPRS mode. Currently, the Redhawk II modem is hardware-re ady for GPRS, if the opt ional memory upgrade is installed.

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PROVISIONING THE SIM

The GSM SIM can support optional featur es or services. Most GSM operators typically configure the SIM to send/receive voice calls and t o receive SMS; how ever, some may require an additional tariff to enable the SIM to send SMS. The transmission of data and fax are also additional services that may require tariffs an d additional provisioning. Each of these services has two separate modes that mu st be enabled to all ow the service:

Mobile-origi nated (MO): allows making a servi ce request (such as, making a call

or sending an SMS) Mobile-termi nated (MT). allow s receiving a serv i ce request (such a s, receiving a

phone call or an SM S)

It is imperative for the Redhawk II modem that the SIM be configured for the optional services that are required for the application.

GSM Services Supported by the Redhawk II Modem

The Redhawk II modem supports four GSM services (modes of operation) that must be enabled by t he operator:

Voice calls (MO and MT): requires a telephone number

SMS (MO and MT): uses the telephone number for Voice

Fax calls (MO and MT): requires a telephone number

Circuit-switched data calls (MO and MT): requires a telephone number

The GSM SIM can have as many as three tele phone numbers: one n um ber for voice calls and SMS, one number for fax c al l s, and one number for data calls.

Selecting the Modes of Operation

When provisi oning the SIM for t he Redhawk II modem, enable the following mode s of operation:

Voice calls: c onfigure the SIM f or both MO and MT servi ce (to send and receive)

SMS: configure the SIM either for MT alo ne (to receive) or for b ot h MO and MT

(to send and recei ve) Data: configur e t he SIM either for MO alon e (to send) or for both MO and MT (to

send and receive)

Voice SMS Data Fax Function

MO/MT MT MO X Voice calls, receive SMS, make data calls

MO/MT MT/MO MO X Voice calls, receive/send SMS, make data calls

MO/MT MT/MO MO/MT X Voice calls, receive/send SMS, make/receive data calls

(requires an additional data telephone number)

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ANTENNA SELECTION

Connector

The modem antenna connector is a female SMA type. The modem is designed to support interc hangeable ante nna types provid ed they have impedance of 50 ohms.

Antenna Selection

If possible, a suitable omni-directional antenna should be mounted directly to the SMA connector on t he modem. This t y pe of direct-antenna mount is preferred when GSM Network si gnal strength is adequate and consistent. An example of this typ e of installation i s where a modem is to be mounted on or near an office desktop and the antenna is loc ated away from hu m an contact, compl ying with the F CC requirements. (See FCC requirements for Human Exposure on page 41.)

Installations such as this great l y reduce the instal l ation cost, sin ce a separate coaxi al cable and more expensive antenna are not required. If the antenna must be mounted remotely away from the modem, to assure an adequate and consistent signal, only a wide-beam di rectional anten na, or an omni-dir ectional antennas are preferabl e.

Antenna Selection: Performance Guidelines

Antenna gain

FCC requirements limit the amount of antenna gain permissible. The combination of antenna and c able loss (if any) must be selected to maximize path gain within the FCC requirements (maximum of 3dBi for mobile and 7 dBi fo r fixed applicatio ns) .

Beam width

For mobile applications, the installer should select an omni-directional antenna with good elevation beam width. Wi th an omni-directional antenna, you trade some (azimuth) for an increased antennas with 2- 3dBi gain, and a good elevation beam w idth are readily available.

Fixed applications could use any type of antenna because there is more flexibility in gain, but unless the installati on site is on the outer fringes, or in a deep fade area, (major obstruct i ons) gain is the most i mportant thing. Again, you trade gain for beam width (azimuth and elevatio n).

The Installer should keep in mind that networks and site environments change. For example, new cel l si tes are added t o expand existing coverage and/ or capacity. With this growth, new obstructions are add e d as well, which could change th e signal quality for fixed appli cations (e.g. a new l y constructed bui lding).

elevation beam width

(elevation). Good omni-directional

gain

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Therefore, it is recommended that t he installer not install highly directional antennas attempting to pinpoint the link to a serving base station. Due to the FCC restrictions, t he installer shoul d be able to find a good performing ant enna, which provides decent gain, and good beam width performance.

In order to accomplish “seeing” as much of the network as possibl e, the installer is advised to use as broad of a beam wi dth as possible (and reasonable given any particular instal lation).

Installation using these guideline, avoid potential proble ms such as:

New base station sites, that are i nstalled close r t o si te, but cannot b e

"seen" by the networ k.

Serving cell taken out of service temporarily, but the network lacks the

ability to jump to other cell sites

Newly constructed obstructions, resulting in an change to the RF

environment al characteristics.

Polarization

All mobile antennas should be vertically polarized for optimal performance. Others will work, but may not provide the performance required. Base stations must be vertically polarized transmissions

Modem Antenna Location and Network Communication

The antenna location for modem installation is dependent on the individual site conditions. As a rule, the antenna should be positioned so that a reliable radio connection can be made with the GSM network. The following guidelines will assist the installer in making this determination.

Where the reliability of the signal strength would be in question, one or more

base stations would enhance quality of the si gnal.

Where possibl e, the modem loc at ion should be selected so that the antenna has

an unobstruct ed line of sight to the selected ba se-station(s)

The antenna should be locat ed t o maximi z e the sig nal stre ngt h and qu ali ty

received from the selected base-station(s).

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It is recommended that the installer obtain GSM Netw ork coverage map s from

the GSM operator in dicating that the installation site i s in a covered area. It is also recommen de d that coverage and signal quality b e veri fied prior to installation, using a GSM hand set.

If possible, the modem and its associated antenna should be deployed inside an

environmentally controlled protected structure (such as an office building).

NOTE: (Xircom, Inc. offers diagnostic tools to aid installers with the selection of a optimal antenna location. Co ntact the Xircom Sales and Customer Support office at

1.888.684.5355 or 1.719. 884. 24 44

for additional information.

To report a

problem, call the Xircom Customer Service department:

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INSTALLATION & INITIALIZATION

Guidelines for Limiting RF Exposure

The Redhawk II products are GSM radio transceivers, which operate under the authority of 47 CFR Part 24, Subpart E of the FCC Rules and Regulations. When installed and operated in accordance with the instructions provided in this manual, these devices comply with current FCC regulations regarding human exposure to radio frequency - electromagnetic fields.

The following installation and operation restrictions apply to all Redhawk II products:

These devic es may only be use d i n fixed and mobile applications

Portable appli cations, as defin ed by the FCC, are prohibited

A separation di st ance of at least 20 c m (7 7/8) inches betw een the antenna a nd

body of the user and other person s m ust be maintained at all times In FIXED applications antenna gain* is limited to a maximum of 7 dBi, with a

correspondi ng equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of 37 dBm / 5 W In MOBILE applications antenna gain* is limited to a maximum of 3 dBi, with a

correspondi ng equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of 33 dBm / 3 W Desktop and other uses of these devices where t he antenna can easi l y be relocated

are considered by the FCC to be mobil e applications.

Antenna gain is defined as gain in dBi (dB referenced to an isotropic radiator) minus cabling loss.

NOTE: Additio nal care must be tak en by the installer and/or user of the Redhawk II products to e nsure proper ante nna selection and installation. Adherence to th e above conditions is necessary to comply with FCC requirements for safe operation regarding exposure to RF radiation

Installation and Verification

NOTE: Only personnel who ar e t r ained and know l edgeable of all applicable requirement s i ncluding those addressing exp osure to RF radiation should perfo r m installatio n and servicing of this equipment.

Before Installation:

Read the Installation and Verification section in its entirety prior to beginning any installation st eps.

Identify a mounting and installation location. (Reference the Mo unt Modem paragraph on p age 24.)

Verify GSM coverage. It is recommended that at the time of installation, the GSM operator provi de coverage maps, verifying that t he l ocation select ed i s in a covered area. Further verification should be done using a GSM h andset.

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Installation

1. Unpack Modem

Remove the mo dem from the shipping box and verify contents with the shipping l i st.

2. Mount Modem

The Redhawk II c ontains the Eagl e I I radio modem interf aced with a carrier board, both contained within a protective housing. T he application s t hat the modem is b est suited for, would be those within an enclosed structure, office building or other facility, where the unit is protected against climatic changes. . The modem must be installed in a location that meets the environmental requirements for moisture, heat and cold, for this product.

For mobile, (unattached instal lations) the modem can be placed on any stable fl at horizontal surface such as a desktop, bookshelf, or wi ndow ledge. The risk of damage to the modem unit, due t o being knocked of f the surface, or bei ng pulled off by the cables s ho uld be avoided. Power interconnects, RS232 inte rconnect, and antenna interconnects should all be performed per detailed instructions found in this Installation Guide.

For fixed (permanently mounted) applications, the modem can be attached to any flat surface in any orienta tion. The installer is responsible to select a su r face and fastener system which will adequately support the weight of the Redhawk II unit, the interconnect cabling and the antenna (if mounted directly to the Redhawk unit ). When selecting the location and mounting configuration of the Redhawk II unit, the installer bears the responsibility to assure that all local and na tional safety codes are met and should select a location w i th adequate signal strength to assure consistent GSM network availability. The installer also shall assure that any security requirements are met.

Refer to Xircom Drawing Number 06700106, Mechanical Inter face Control Drawi ng, for size and location of mechanical features including the following:

Connector locations

Location and size of Redhawk II mounting brackets

Recommended mounting fastener sizes for Redhawk II

Mounting Fastener Hole Pattern

Clearance requirements for installation and removal o f SIM card

Instruct ion for in s tal la tion a n d remo va l o f SI M card

Note:

All cables which connect to th e Redhawk II, shoul d be supported with strain-relief within 8 inches (200 mm) of t he connector interface. The Redhawk II connectors are not designed to support the weight of cabling beyond this length. Failure to adequately strain-relief cable s m ay result in damage to the R edhawk II unit.

3. Install Antenna Direct Antenna connection:

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If an omni-directional antenna is to be attached directly on the modem, install the antenna by scre w i ng it directly onto t he SMA connector on the modem. If possible, torque the antenna to 8.0 +/- 1.0 inch-pounds. If it is not possible to torque the antenna connector using a torque wrench, tighten the antenna by hand as tightly as possible.

Remote Antenna connection:

Refer to the Installing the Remote Antenna section starting on page 48 for detailed requirement s on antenna and coaxial cable for remote antenna installation. Connect the remote coaxial cable SMA connector onto the SMA connector on the m odem. Torque the SMA connector pair to 8.0 +/- 1.0 inch-pounds.

Note:

Failure to torq ue the SMA connect ors properly may re sul t i n a poor antenna connection and degradation in p erformance. Overtorquing may res ult in damage to the Redhawk II m odem.

4. Install SIM card.

Note: The SIM card is supplied by the service provi der, and is not suppl ied by Xircom. The Redhawk II unit will not operate without a properly coded SIM card installed.

Disconnect all power to the unit before installing the SIM card.

Install the SIM card in the SIM card slot on the front plate with the contacts

facing up (Reference Figure 6). This is accomplished by pushing the SIM inward and down.

SIM

Figure 6: Modem SIM Access

NOTE: To prevent accidental removal, a needle nose pliers or tweezers is required to remove the SIM. To remove the SIM, lift the edge of the card while pulling it out.

5. Diagnostic Terminal Connect & Setup

Connect the Dia gn ost ic Terminal to the Prim ary Serial Port (DB-9) connector using a standard (str aight thru) modem cable. The diag nostic terminal c an be a laptop PC, with a serial port connection, running a program such as ProComm or other communicati on application.

Set up the diag nostic serial communication t o the Redhawk II default values:

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6. Connect Power Supply Cable

Install the pow er supply per manufacturer’s recommended proce dures. Plug the power supply cable plug into the modem power connector. The conn ect or is keyed so it can only be installed one way. The connector also has an automatic locking feature that will engage when the connector pair is fully mated and is easily releasable with finger pr essure.

7. Verify all Terminal Connections

Check that all Re dhawk II connecti ons have been instal l ed per the instruct i ons in this manual, and that the power ca ble (or cord) is secured with no exposed wires.

8. Apply Power

Verification

Using AT Commands

Baud Rate

Data

9,600 K bps

8 bits

Stop Bits

Parity

Table 6: Redhawk II default serial interface values.

In the GSM vocabulary, a call from GSM mobile to the PSTN is called a "mobileoriginated call" or "outgoing call." A call from the fixed network to a GSM mobile is called a "mobile-terminated call" or "incoming call."

In the following examples, “A pp” refers to th e application. The following convention describes the di rection of the data exchange:

The data exchange from the customer application to the Redhawk II modem is

designated as: The data exchange from the Redhawk II modem to the customer appl ication is

designated as:

Note:

With the exception of the +++ command (Online Escape Sequence), all

App > Modem

Modem > App

commands must be preceded by th e AT attention code (or command prefix) and terminated by pressing th e < C R> character.

In the followi ng examples, th e <CR> and <CR>< LF > are intentional l y omitted for clari ty and space.

Initial Response to the AT Command

After power is applied to the Redhaw k I I , the modem perform s a power-up self-t est. The self-test completes within one (1) second. When queried with the AT command, the Redhawk II modem responds with one of the following result codes:

OK signifies that the Redhawk II modem is ready, that it correctly interprets the

AT command, and that it can execute the command. ERROR signifies that the Redhawk II modem does not understand the command

or that the command is invalid.

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App > Modem

Modem > App

OK Command valid: modem is ready

The Redhawk II modem must be in Command mode when any command is entered (with the exce ption of the online escape seque nce +++). Commands entered when the modem is in Online mode are tr eated as data, and are transmitte d as such to the receiving mod em .

9. Modem Initialization

The following example provides t he sample AT commands and responses for the following initialization tasks:

Reset the modem to the factory defaults

Enable character echo

Set the modem to Verbose mode ( to display resul t codes as words)

Set the DCD to ON

Monitor the DTR

App > Modem

Modem > App

App > Modem

Modem > App

AT& FE0Q0V1&C1&D0 Initialization string

OK Command is valid

ATS0=1 Auto answer on 1st ring

OK Command is valid

10. SIM PIN Status

The following example provides the AT command and re sponse for querying t he PIN status and entering the SIM PIN number if required.

App > Modem

Modem > App

AT+CPIN? Query the SIM PIN status

+CPIN: Ready OK

GSM terminal is not waiting for any password

+CPIN: SIM PIN terminal is waiting for PIN

+CPIN: SIM PUK terminal is waiting for PUK

ERROR SIM is not installed

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If the response is +CPIN:Ready, then skip the remaind er of this paragraph and proceed to ste p 1 1 . If the response i s +CPIN:SIM PIN then proceed with the remainder of this paragraph to enable the terminal by entering the SIM PIN .

Caution:

Use care when entering the SIM PIN. If it is entered incorrectly three times

in a row, the GSM terminal will lock and a SIM PUK is required to unlock the SIM.

App > Modem

Modem > App

App > Modem

Modem > App

AT+CPIN=”1234” Enter the PIN number

OK Command is valid

AT+CPIN? Query the SIM PIN status

+CPIN: Ready OK

GSM terminal is not waiting for any password

+CPIN: SIM PIN terminal is waiting PIN +CPIN: SIM PIN terminal is waiting PUK

If the response is +CPIN:Ready, then skip the remaind er of this paragraph and proceed to step 11. If the response is +CPIN:SIM PIN then carfully verify that you have the correct S IM PI N and repeat the SIM PIN entry .

If the SIM locks up after 3 unsuccessful tries, user will need to contact the GSM service provider who supplied the SI M t o obtain a SIM PUK number. The following example provides the AT comm and and response for entering the PU K and new PIN number.

App > Modem

Modem > App

App > Modem

Modem > App

AT+CPIN=5678,1234 Enter the PUK followed by the new PIN

OK Command is valid

AT+CPIN? Query the SIM PIN status

+CPIN: Ready OK

GSM terminal is not waiting for any password

+CPIN: SIM PIN terminal is waiting PIN +CPIN: SIM PUK terminal is waiting PUK

If the response is +CPIN:Ready, then skip the remaind er of this paragraph and proceed to ste p 11 . If the response is +CPIN:SIM PIN t hen call Xircom Customer Support.

11. Data Call Setup (modem origination)

The following example provides t he AT command and response for setti ng the Redhawk II modem for 9600 b aud, non-transparent mode.

App > Modem

AT+CBST=7,0,1 9600 baud, non-transparent mode

Modem > App

OK Command is valid

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12. Modem Status Commands

The following examples provide t he AT commands and responses for query i ng the status of the unit. For more information about the co m mands and respo nse codes, see the Redhawk II Programmer's Manu al.

The following command checks t o determine if t he Redhawk II modem has

successfully registered with t he GSM network.

App > Modem

Modem > App

AT+CREG? Get the registration status

+CREG: 0,1* OK

*First character can be “0” or “1”: “0” for man ual response, “1” for auto response.

The followin g command querie s the strength of the RF coverage. This command

provides information about th e RF coverage for the Redhawk II modem.

App > Modem

Modem > App

Value RSSI (dBm)

+/- 1 dBm

AT+CSQ Get the signal strength (for this command, do

+CSQ: 20,99 OK

Value RSSI (dBm)

0 < -110 16 -82

Registered with home network +CREG=0,2 registration in progress +CREG=0,5 registered as roaming

not enter “?”)

Receive signal strength = 20, -74 +/- 1 dBm RXQUAL =99, unknown

1 -110 17 -80 2 -109 18 -78 3 -108 19 -76 4 -106 20 -74 5 -104 21 -72 6 -102 22 -70 7 -100 23 -68 8 -98 24 -66

9 -96 25 -64 10 -94 26 -62 11 -92 27 -60

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12 -90 28 -58 13 -88 29 -56 14 -86 30 -54 15 -84 31 -52

Table 7: RSSI vs. Received Signal Power

Value RSSI (dBm)

0 BER < 0.2% 1 0.2% < BER < 0.4% 2 0.4% < BER < 0.8% 3 0.8% < BER < 1.6% 4 1.6% < BER < 3.2% 5 3.2% < BER < 6.4% 6 6.4% < BER < 12.8% 7 12.8% < BER

Table 8: RXQUAL vs. Bit Error Rate

The following command request s the current Public Land Mobile Network

(PLMN). DeTeMobi l i s used as an example, the PLMN may be dif f erent.

App > Modem

Modem > App

AT+COPS? Request current PLMN

+COPS: 0,0,”DeTeMobil”

SMS Message Verification

Modem Sent SMS (Text)

To be able to send SMS text messages, the Redhawk II modem must be initialized with the proper S M S mode. The follow i ng examples prov ide the AT commands and responses for initializing the SMS mode.

PLMN is DeTeMobil

The following command initializes the Redhawk II modem by setting the text

mode parameters.

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App > Modem

Modem > App

After initializing the modem with the proper SMS mode, select the proper service

AT+CSMP=17,167,0,0 Set text mode parameters:

17: Sets reply pat, user data

header, status report request, validity period format, reject duplicates and message type

167: Sets validity period

0: Higher layer protocol indicator

0: Information encode format

OK Command is correct

center. The servi ce center is the Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) to which the SME telephone number belong s. The following command selects the service center. Voicestream is used as an example, the users home PLMN may be different.

App > Modem

AT+CSCA="+4917107600 00"

Service center initialization: D1 – Germany

Modem > App

The following command selects TEXT mode for SMS messages.

App > Modem

Modem > App

AT+CMGF=1 Set message format to TEXT mode

OK Command is correct

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The following command sets the indicators for the message.

App > Modem

Modem > App

The following command saves t he S M S settings. Onc e the SMS commands have

AT+CNMI=1,1,0,0,0 Set the new message indicators

AT+CNMI=<mode>,<mt>,<bm>,<ds >,<bfr>

<mode>=1, discard unsolicited result codes indication

<mt>=1, SMS-DELIVERs are routed using unsolicited code

<bm>=0, no CBM indications are routed to the TE

<ds>=0, no SMS-STATUS-REPORTs

are routed

<bfr>=0, TA buffer of unsolicited result codes defined within this command is flushed to the TE

OK Successful command

been saved, the initialization commands do not need to be sent again until t hey are changed.

App > Modem Modem > App

After the Redhawk II modem has be en initialized, the following commands and

AT+CSAS Save SMS settings OK Successful transmission

sample responses provide the telephone number and the message to be transmitted.

App > Modem

Modem > App

App > Modem

Modem > App

AT+CMGS="12017572673" Send a message to the telephone

number (insert user modem phone number as the value in parenthesis)

> Ready to send message

Hello, how are you?^Z Enter the text message. End the

message with Control Z.

+CMGS: 1

Successful transmission

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Modem RECEIVE SMS (Text)

The following example provides the AT command for requesting that the Redhawk II modem list rec ei v ed SMS messages. This string reque sts that the modem send (over the RS232 interface) all of t h e messages that have been received.

App > Modem

Modem > App

AT+CMGL=”ALL” Read ALL messages received, including status,

originator, message number and message content (if messages are present)

+CMGL: 1, "REC UNREAD", "12017572673" Hello, how are you? OK

SIM Data Provisioning Verification (Optional)

At this time the user has the option of verifying the data communications function from the users system application to the modem prior to connection to the CPE. To check this pat h, have the user’s s y st em application send a data stream to the modem and observe the data stream on the diagnosti c t erminal for verifi cation of correct performance.

Match Modem Serial port to CPE

The modem is now re ady to be interfaced with the CPE. The serial port settings, data type, and f l ow control between the modem and the CPE need to be m atched. Reference

Match the bearer type selection (transparent d ev i ation on differe nt sheet or non-

Table 6

transparent d ata).

for the Redhawk II modem initi al i z ation defaults.

Match the flow control.

Match the serial i nterface param eters (baud rate, 8 data bits, 1 stop bi t , no

parity).

1. Set up diagnostic terminal serial interface parameters to match the modem (if modem has change d).

2. Save parameters to non-volatile memory. (AT&W command, AT+CSAS)

NOTE: It is recommended that the user CPE software ha v e the same initializ ation string for the modem (reference section Modem Initialization on page 27) resident in its software to initialize the modem.

Verify Setup

1. Power down the unit

2. Wait 5 seconds and then re-apply power to verify commands were saved properly

3. Power down again.

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Connect Primary Serial Port Cable

Plug the RS232 cable from the CPE into the Primary Serial Port connector (DB-9) on the modem. The connectors are keyed so it can only be installed one way. Tighten the jackscrews on t he R S 232 cable using the ap propriate tools.

Final Verification

SMS Verification

Repeat the SMS Message Verification section starting on pag e 30.

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DETAILED SPECIFICATIONS

Physical Dimensions and Weight

Size (L x W x H) including connectors

Weight 215 g (7.6 oz.)

Operating Power

GSM 900

DCS 1800

and

PCS 1900

95.3 mm 55.2 mm x 38.1 mm (3.75” x 2.17” x 1.50”)

Table 9: Size and Weight

Redhawk II Modem Average Current (Amps) Peak Current (Amps)

GSM

GPRS Class 10

Sleep Mode GSM

GPRS Class 10

Sleep Mode

1 TX 1 RX TBD TBD 1 RX TBD TBD 1 TX 4 RX TBD TBD 2 TX 3 RX TBD TBD

TBD TBD 1 TX 1 RX TBD TBD 1 RX TBD TBD 1 TX 4 RX TBD TBD 2 TX 3 RX TBD TBD

TBD

Transmit Power

Redhawk II

modem

1900 MHz 1800 MHz

900 MHz

Table 10: Transmit Mode Versus Current R eq ui rements

Power Class Transmit Power

GSM Power Class 1 1-W conducted power maximum (30 dBm +/- 2 dB),

measured at the antenna port

GSM Power Class 4 2-W conducted power maximum (33 dBm +/- 2 dB),

measured at the antenna port

Table 11: Transmitted Output Pow er

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Receiver Sensitivity

The receiver sensitivity meas ure d at t he antenna port is -106 dB (typical) an d 104 dB (minimum).

Care and Maintenance

The Xircom Redhawk II modem should be used in a protected indoor environment. The internal co m ponents of the mo dem must remain dry and free of moisture. Avoid installat ions in extremel y cold or hot locations, and avoid ex treme temperat ure changes during use.

There are no ext ernal or internal maintenance requirements.

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ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS

Climatic, Operational

Internal circuitry provides automatic shutdown control to prevent the unit from operating above or below t he specified operating temperature range.

Climatic: Operational

Operating temperature -20°C to +55°C

Note:

Upper temperature range can be extended under certain operating conditions. Consult application note TBD.

Relative humidity 5 - 95% Solar radiation Not Applicable Air pressure (altitude) 70 kPa to 106 kPa (-400 m to 3000 m)

Climatic: Storage and Transportation

Duration 24 months Ambient temperature -40°C to +85°C Relative humidity 5% to 95%, non condensing (at 40°C) Thermal shock -50°C to +23°C, +70°C to +23°C; < 5 min Altitude -400 m to 15,000 m

Mechanical: Operational

Operational vibration, sinusoidal 3.0 mm disp, 2 to 9 Hz; 1 m/s2, 9 to 350 Hz

Operational vibration, random 0.1 m2/s3, 2 to 200 Hz

Mechanical: Storage and Transportation

Transportation vibration, packaged ASTM D999

Drop, packaged ASTM D775 method A, 10 drops Shock, un-packaged 150 m/s2, 11 ms, half-sine per IEC 68-2-27 Drop, un-packaged 4-inch drop per Bellcore GR-63-CORE

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Mechanical: Proposed Standards

Transportation ETSI Standard ETS 300 019-1-2 Class 2.3 Transportation

Operational ETSI Standard ETS 300 019-1-3 Class 3.1 Operational Storage ETSI Standard ETS 300 019-1-1 Class 1.2 Storage

Electromagnetic Emissions

Radiated spurious FCC part 24 / Part 15 Class \ B

GSM 11.10 Section 12.2 EN 55022 Class B

Electromagnetic Immunity (per ETSI ETS 300 342-1)

Radio Frequency (RF) Electromagnetic Field

Electrostatic discharge (ESD) Contact discharge to coupling planes: ±2 KV, ±4 KV

RF common mode 3 V rms (Level 2) 150 KHz – 80 MHz

3 V/m 800 – 1000 MHz; 1 KHz 80% EN 61000-4-3

Air discharge to coupling planes: ±2 KV, ±4 KV, ±8 KV

EN 61000-4-6

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REPAIR AND RETURN POLICY

Note:

The standard warranty for the Redhawk II modem is 90 days.

To report a problem, call the Xircom Customer Service department:

•

United States of America (toll-free): 1.888.684.5355

•

International: +1.719.884.2444

Reporting and Troubleshooting Problems with the Redhawk II modem

Problems can be rep orted by calling Cust omer Service. The Cu stomer Service representative and/or service technician will attempt to resolve the problem over the telephone.

If the problem cannot be resolved over the telephone and the modem needs to be returned, the cu stomer service re presentative provides an RMA number fo r shipping the module. The return address will be given at this time.

Upon receipt of the module, it will be thoroughly tested in a Xircom test lab. If the problem is found, a replacement module will be shipped back to the customer.

Note:

The warranty period for replace d or repaired equip m ent is 30 days from t i m e

of shipment.

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REGULATIONS AND COMPLIANCE

This section s um marizes the compl iance and type approval levels of the Redhawk II modem and the responsibilities and actions required of manufacturers who incorporate it i nto their product s. In certain situat i ons and applications these products will require additional FCC, CE, GSM FTA or other regulatory approvals prior to sale or operation. For more inf ormation concerning regulatory requirements, please contact Xircom, Inc.

GSM Full Type Approval (FTA)

The Redhawk II modem is type approved in accordance with the requirements of and through the procedures set fort h by t he GSM industry association. The relevant conformance specification is GS M 11.10-1 version 4.19.1 for GSM 900- and 1800 MHz devices. For PCS 1900 MHz devices, t he rel eva nt standard is PCS 11.10, a version of GSM 11.10-1 that has been mo di fied as appropriate for the North American GSM mar ket .

FCC notices

The modem have been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device and can be installed in a residential, as well as commercial, industrial or business, en vironment. The modem has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device and may only be installed in a commercial, industrial or business environment.

CLASS A

Unintentional emissions from digital devic es are regulated by P art 15 of the FCC Rules and Regulations, which distinguish es between the e nv ironments in w hich these devices m ay operate. Equipment designated as Class A is intended for use in a commercial, industrial or business environment; equipment intended for use in a residential env ironment, not-w i thstanding use i n commercial, i nd ustrial or busine ss environments is designated as Cl ass B.

These devices comply with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:

1. This device may n ot cause harmful int erference.

2. This device must accept any interference received, i ncluding interfer ence that may cause und esi red operation.

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 1 5 of the FCC Rules. These limits are desi gned to provide reaso nable protection against harmful interference w hen the equipment i s operated in a com mercial envir onment.

This equipme nt generates, use s and can radiate ra dio frequency e nergy and, if not installed in accordance with the i nstruction manual , m ay cause harmful int erference to radio commu ni cations.

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Operation of t his equipment in a residential are a i s l i kely to cause harm ful interference. If this occurs, the user will be required to correct the interference at their own expe nse.

CLASS B

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 1 5 of the FCC Rules. These limits are desi gned to provide reaso nable protection against harmful interference in a re si dential installation.

This equipme nt generates, uses and can radiat e radio frequency energy and, if not installed and u sed in accordance with the instruct ions, may caus e harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interf erence to radio or tel evision recept i on, which can be det ermined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the fol lowing measures:

Reorient or rel ocate the receivin g antenna.

Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which

the receiver is connected.

Consult the deal er or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

Human Exposure Compliance

Pursuant to 47 CFR Section (use the symbol) 24.52 of the FCC Rules and Regulations, personal communications services (PCS) equipment is subject to the radio frequency radiation exposure requirements specified in Sections 1.1307(b), 2.1091 and 2.1093, as appropriate.

Xircom, Inc. cert i f i es that it has determined that these dev i ces comply with t he R F hazard requirements applica ble to broadband PCS equipment operating unde r the authority of 47 CF R Part 24, Subpart E of t he FCC Rules and Regulations. This determinatio n is dependent upon installati on, operation an d use of the equipment in accordance with the instruction s provided.

The modems are intended to be used in both fixed and mobile applications.

"Fixed" mean s t hat the device is p hys ically secured at one location a nd is not able to be easily moved to another location. "Mobile" means that the device is used in other th an fixed locations and generally i n such a way that a separation distance of at least 20 cm is maintai ned between the transmitter's antenna and the body of the user, or nearby pers ons.

These devices are not designe d for in portable applications (within 20 cm of the body of the user or nearby person s) and such uses ar e strictly prohibi ted.

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To ensure that these devices comply with current FCC regulations, limiting both the maximum RF output power and human exposure to radio frequency radiation, a separation distance of at least 20 cm (7.78 inches) must be maintained between the unit's anten na and the body of the user, and any nea rby persons, at al l times and in all applications and uses. In mobile applicati ons, the maximum antenna syst em gain must not exceed 3 dBi; in fixed applications the max i mum antenna system gain must not exceed 7 dBi .

NOTE: Install a t ion and operati on of this equipment applicable FCC Rules and Regulations, including those that implement the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (Part 1, Subpart I), with specific regard to ante nna sitting and human exposure to radio frequency radiation. For further guidance, consult the FCC Rules, your service pro v i der, or Xircom Inc..

must

comply with all

NRTL / IMEI Approval

The Redhawk II modem has been te sted by a NRTL agency and approved f or the uses described in this manual.

This information technology equipment complies with the requirements given in UL 1950 and other applicabl e st andards for use in an appr opriate enclosure. The modem is listed by an a pproved NRTL agency, and meets al l relevant requirements given in the National El ectric Code.

Note: If the Redhawk II is incorpor at ed into an enclosur e t his require separ ate verification of product safety approval.

EMC/Safety Requirements for the Countries of the European Union (EU)

The European Union (EU) is comprised of fifteen countries that follow a harmonize d set of standards, utilizing the CE mark as a uniform mark of acceptance. The member countrie s are:

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Austria Belgium Denmark Finland France Germany Greece Ireland

Italy

Luxembourg

The Netherlands

Portugal

Spain

Sweden

United Kingdom

EMC/Safety Requirements for Other Countries

In most other countries that have not been listed above there are similar rules and regulations that must be met for importing the Eagle II module. Each may require a different mark of approval (for example, the CB Scheme) as an accept ance requirement. F or each of these cases the country sho uld identified, and the appropriate steps should be taken to meet the requirements set forth in the intended market.

Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) and Safety Requirements

The Redhawk II modem has been tested and approved for applicat ion in the United States of America (US) and the European Union (EU). The compliance details for each of these markets follow. For ot her markets, additi onal or alternative regulatory approvals may be required. Always ensure that all rules and regulations are complied with in every co unt ry that the OEM application is to be operated. Regardl ess of the country or market , the OEM must comply wi th all applicable regulatory requir ements.

OEM Responsibilities for All Products Containing the Redhawk II Modem

In addition to a ny other regulatory requirements, O EMs must include o r provide the following information and in structions with any device or prod uct i nto which the Redhawk II modem has been incorporated. If the m odem has been incorporated into an enclosure s uch that the label containing this information on the modem can no longer be see n t hen the following warning label s must be visible on the final product .

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Information Description

Detailed Operating Instructions

for ensuring compliance with current FCC guidelines which limit human exposure to radio frequency radiation

Antenna Avoidance Label

The OEM must provide an operating/installation manual with the final product which clearly indicates that these operating conditions and restrictions must be observed at all times to ensure compliance with current FCC guidelines which limit human exposure to radio frequency radiation.

20 cm (7.87 inch) separation distance between the antenna and all persons must be maintained at all times for all fixed and mobile products and applications

Portable devices and applications are prohibited unless such devices and products are specifically authorized by the FCC

Maximum antenna gain is limited to 3 dBi* in mobile products and applications

Maximum antenna gain is limited to 3 dBi* in fixed products and applications unless separate and specific FCC approval is obtained by the OEM

Modifications and/or additions to the Eagle PCS-1900 GSM transceiver, including use of antennas with higher gain than those authorized by the FCC, are prohibited

*dBi = antenna gain in dB relative to an isotropic radiator

Attach the following warning label directly to or displayed next to the antenna. Furthermore, this label must be visible to and easily readable by all persons in the immediate vicinity of the antenna

To comply with FCC RF exposure requirements, a separation distance of 20 cm (7.87") or more

WARNING

must be maintained between this antenna and all persons.

Transmitter Identification Label

Affix the following label to the final product or device.

Alternatively, the text of this label can be included within the body of any other labeling necessary to meet FCC regulatory requirements. Such labels must follow the general labeling guidance provided in Section 2.925 of the FCC Rules and Regulations.

CONTAINS TRANSMITTER

FCC ID: XXX

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GLOSSARY AND ACRONYMS

App Application

AT Command Set

CSD Circuit Switched Data

CE European Community Certification

CPE Customer Premise Equipment

Dbi DCE

Data Communications Equipment DCS

Digital Cellular System

DTE Data Terminal Equipment

Refers to the Application which sends or receives commands/responses from the Redhawk II Modem

Commands issued by intelligent device to a modem to perform functions, such as to initiate call, to answer call, or to transmit data.

Data link from a terminal through the network allowing real-time, duplex connectivity up to 9600 bytes/second.

A terminal in fixed location on the customer’s premises.

Decibels referenced to an isotropic radiator Data Communications Equipment

A collection of services and capabilities providing flexibility of access and mobility through a combination of wireless and wire-line networks, utilizing the 1800 MHz bandwidth.

Data Terminal Equipment

EFR Enhanced Full Rate

EIR Equipment Identity Register

EIRP Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power

ESD Electrostatic Discharge

FTA Full Type Approval

FCC Federal Communications

Commission GPRS

General Packet Radio Service

Voice (vocoder) compression algorithm which offers the highest quality voice communication.

A database used to store International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) of a locally issued terminal.

In a given direction, the gain of a transmitting antenna multiplied by the net power accepted by the antenna from the connected transmitter.

Static electricity that can damage electronic equipment.

GSM Full Type Approval

US Government body that defines requirements for emission level of equipment in the United States.

Standard for packet communications utilizing Global Standard for Mobility (GSM) infrastructure.

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GSM Global System for Mobile Communications

IMEI International Mobile Equipment Identity

Ki LED

Light Emitting Diode MMS

More Messages to Send MO

Mobile Originated MT

Mobile Terminated Non-Transparent Mode

Standard for digital communications. Allows consistent communications in various parts of the world despite variations in RF spectrum allocations. Transferring the SIM (see below) permits users to roam by changing terminal equipment.

A unique number for each GSM Terminal tracked by the GSM operators in their Equipment Identity Register (EIR) database.

A secret code used in authentication and encryption by the terminal. Light Emitting Diode

More Messages to Send

A voice or data call originated at the mobile terminal.

A voice or data call originated from the network and sent to the mobile terminal.

Delivers a constantly low error rate but with a non-guaranteed throughput or delay. The Non-Transparent service provides a performance that is closest to using a modem over a fixed PSTN line.

NRTL Nationally Recognized Test Laboratory

OEM Packet PCS

Personal Communications Service PDU

Protocol Data Unit PLMN PSTN RF

Radio Frequency Rx Short Message

OSHA-approved Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory

Original Equipment Manufacturer A collection of data transmitted over a digital network in a burst. A collection of services and capabilities providing flexibility of access and

mobility through a combination of wireless and wireline networks. Data packet defined by protocol layer of SMS interface.

Public Land Mobile Network Public Switched Telephone Network A frequency at which electromagnetic radiation may be detected and

amplified as an electric current at the wave frequency. Receive An alphanumeric message of up to 160 characters that can be sent to or

from a GSM terminal.

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SIM Subscriber Identification Module

SMS Short Message Services

SMSC Short Message Service Center

TBD Transparent Mode

Tx Type Approval

“Smart Card” technology that contains user information and has four main functions:

Authentication

Storage of data

Assist in encryption process

Subscriber protection

Services provided by GSM network allowing the transmission and receipt of short messages.

Location of SMS store and forward message server.

To Be Determined Delivers a service with a variable error rate, with a guaranteed

throughput and delay. Transmit Rigorous testing required by GSM operators to ensure terminals operating

on network does not degrade performance, capacity, or functionality of GSM network.

UL Underwriters Laboratory

USSD V.24 Serial Interface

Testing agency chartered with ensuring safety of electrical devices.

Unstructured Supplementary Service Data The ITU-T standard defining interchange circuits between DTE and DCE.

V.24 is the ITU-T equivalent of EIA standard RS-232, with the exception of voltage levels.

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APPENDIX A

Installing the Remote Antenna

There are a numb er of antennas designed for use with the Redhawk II mo dem. If coverage is poor then the use of a r emote antenna may be required. I deal ly, the external ant enna is mounted on a rooftop, or on the side of a buildi ng where optimal signal strength can be obtained.

Antenna Coaxial Cable and Connectors

In most cases RG22 3 50 ohms or similar small diameter cable ca n be used. For outdoor installations, the coax ial cable must be rated for outdoor exposure.

The antenna connector on the mod em i s a SMA female and m ates with a SMA male on the coaxial c able. The SMA conn ector on the modem i s gold plated. Use only a gold-plate d S M A m ale connector when making the connection.

The connector s on the antenna end of the coaxial cable are depen dent on the antenna manufa ct urer. Typically these are SMA, or Type N con nectors. Termination styles of connectors vary depending upon manufacturer and connector type. Regardless of c onnector manufacturer, type and style, solder term i nations are recommende d to assure a reliable long-term RF connection.

SMA connectors should be tightened to 8.0 +/- 1.0 inch-pounds using a torque wrench, to assu re proper groundi ng and connecti on.

NOTE: SMA conne ct ors are not rated fo r outdoor environments. Precautions must be taken to assure that SMA connectors are not exposed to water, li quids or corrosive environments or electrical failure may result.

For either fixed or mobile applications, if the antenna has less than a 3 dB gain and a separation distance of greater than 20 cm (7 7/8 inches) from the body of the antenna, and any nearby person(s), then the installation will comply with current FCC requirements addressing human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields.

requirement s, can be found in the Installation M anual. Assistanc e i n Troubleshoot ing, problem solving, cabl e l oss or antenna gai n, can best be obtai ned by contacting Xircom, Technical Support Di v i si on.

Detailed Information regarding antenna gain, cable length and installation

NOTE: The installer is responsible for assuring that the proper antenna is installed so th at the above limits are not exceed ed.

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Outdoor Antenna Grounding

Any outdoor ant enna used to transmit or receive RF signals and the antenna connecting cables must be properly grounded to comply with the National Electrical Code (NEC) - specifically, but not limited to, art icles 250, 800, 810, 820.

Codes require proper grounding of the cables at the p oint where they enter a building. Local building codes may also be applicable. For clarification on either local or national grounding requirem ents, contact the state or county i nspection offi ci als in your location.

Coaxial Cable Routing

When surveying a si te for external ant enna installation, verify that there is a suitable path for the ant enna cable from the antenna to the SMA connector on th e modem. The coaxial ca ble must be supported along its pat h, and protected to assure that damage does not occur.

All cables require routing to be free from any obstacles or any other type of interference t hat may cause the c able to be damaged or undergo later dam age to the shieldi ng or cable casing.

The modem location and its distance from the antenna determine cable lengths.

Installation of the cables should be in accordan ce w i th the manufact urer’s instructions, the National Electrical Code, applicable buil ding codes, and general industry standards and practi ces. Emphasis on freedom from obstacles, and the aesthetic guidelines require d by si te management should be taken into consideration during the inst al l .

NOTE: Coaxial cables must be pr of essionally inst al led. Coaxial c ables must be routed and inst al led in a manner that insures that the jacket, dielectric and outer shield are not crushed, kinked, cut, scr aped or otherwise damaged.

Coaxial Cable Losses and Lengths

There are some im portant factor s t o consider concern i ng coaxial cable length. The FCC requires that for

more than 2 W (+33 dBm) EIRP (+37dBm)

connections, it is possible to exceed either FCC requirement. In such cases, additional at tenuation must be added into the path gain. This can be achieved with either in line at tenuators, or by adding more cable length.

. When using a directional gai n antenna and short coaxial cable

mobile

applications, the maximum output power c an be

, and for

fixed

applications,

no more

than

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To determine t he amount of loss n eeded between t he modem and the antenna, the following formula can be used.

Attenuation needed = g – p

where

g = antenna gain (in dB)

= maximum pat h gain allowed by F CC based on the mo dem maximum output

power of +30 dBm, and where

= 3 dB for mobile applications, or p = 7 dB for

fixed applications

To determine the proper minim um cable length the following formula can be used. L = (g – p) / a where

L = required mini mum cable length g = antenna gai n (in dB; per antenna manufacturer s specifications) .

p = maximum path gain allowed by FCC based on the modem maximum output power of +30 dBm, p = 3 dB for mobile applications, or p = 7 dB f or fixed applications

a = attenuation per foot of cable (in dB; per cable manufacturers

specifications).

As long as installation and operating restrictions previously prov ided are observed, and antenna gai n is limited to 7 dBi f or fixed, or 3 dBi for mo bi l e applications, there is no need to introduce RF loss between the modem and antenna in order to comply with FCC MPE limits.

Note: Cable loss beyond that required to meet the FCC requirements, with the given antenna ,will decrease the signal strength reaching the modem. This will negatively impact the ability of the modem to communicate with the network.

For more details and guidelines, please see Table 1 2 and Table 13 and the f ollowing examples.

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FIXED APPLICATIONS MINIMUM CABLE LENGTH (feet)

ANTENNA GAIN

(dBi)

0 0 000 1 0 000 2 0 000 3 0 000 4 0 000 5 0 000 6 0 000 7 0 000

8 1 3.0 3.4 6.7 9 2 6.0 6.9 13.3 10 3 9.0 10.3 20.0

REQUIRED PATH

LOSS (dB)

RG 58

(0.33 db/ft)

RG 223

(0.29 db/ft)

RG 8

(0.15 db/ft)

Table 12: Fixed Application

MOBILE APPLICATIONS MINIMUM CABLE LENGTH (feet)

ANTENNA GAIN

(dBi)

0 0 000 1 0 000 2 0 000 3 0 000

4 1 3.0 3.4 6.7 5 2 6.0 6.9 13.3 6 3 9.0 10.3 20.0

7* 8* 9* 10*

REQUIRED PATH

LOSS (dB)

RG 58

(0.33 db/ft)

* = not recommended

RG 223

(0.29 db/ft)

RG 8

(0.15 db/ft)

Table 13: Mobile Applications

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Formula Examples

Example 1 :

The installer has a nominal 7dB gain antenna, is using RG-223 cable, and is using the modem in a fixed application.

G = 7 dB p = 7 dB a = 0.29 dB/ft

then Attenuation needed = 7 – 7 = 0 dB and L = (7 – 7) / 0.29 = 0 ft

In this exampl e, the length of cable the installer must use does not matter because he does not nee d any loss in the line t o meet the FCC requirements.

Example 2 :

The installer has a nominal 7 dB gain antenna, is using RG-223 cable, and is using the modem in a mobile application.

G = 7 dB p = 3 dB a = 0.29 dB/ft

then Attenuation needed = 7 – 3 = 4 dB and L = (7 – 3) / 0.29 = 13.8 ft

In this example, the installer must use at least 13.8 feet of c able or use a 4 dB “in line attenuator”, or a combinat i on of the two.

Example 3 :

The installer ha s a 10 dB nominal gain ant enna, using RG-2 23 cable, and the modem is in a fixed appl ication.

G = 10 dB P = 7 dB a = 0.29 dB/ft

the Attenuation needed = 10 – 7 = 3 dB

and L = (10 – 7) / 0.29 = 10.3 ft

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In this example, the installer must use at least 10.3 feet of c able, or use a 3 dB in line attenuator, or a combination of the two.

NOTE: The installer is responsible for assuring that the proper antenna, cable length, and / or attenuation, is installed correct l y , so that the limits of FCC

§15.203 are not exceeded.

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CONTACTING XIRCOM

Customer Support

Internet

Americas

888.684.5355 (toll free in the USA)

719.884.2444

www.xircom.com

Xircom, Inc. 1365 Garden of the Gods Road Colorado Springs, CO 80907

Telephone:

888.684.5355 (toll-free in the USA)

719.884.2444