Woods Equipment BH70X, BH80X User Manual
BACKHOE
BH70-X, BH80-X
MAN0450
(Rev. 3/9/2010)
Tested. Proven. Unbeatable.
TO THE DEALER:
®
Assembly and proper installation of this product is the responsibility of the Woods
and safety rules. Make sure all items on the Dealer’s Pre-Delivery and Delivery Check Lists in the Operator’s Manual
are completed before releasing equipment to the owner.
The dealer must complete the online Product Registration form at the Woods Dealer Website which certifies that
all Dealer Check List items have been completed. Please contact your dealer to complete this form. Dealers can
register all Woods product at dealer.WoodsEquipment.com under Product Registration.
Failure to register the product does not diminish customer’s warranty rights.
TO THE OWNER:
Read this manual before operating your Woods equipment. The information presented will prepare you to do a better and
safer job. Keep this manual handy for ready reference. Require all operators to read this manual carefully and become
acquainted with all adjustment and operating procedures before attempting to operate. Replacement manuals can be
obtained from your dealer. To locate your nearest dealer, check the Dealer Locator at www.WoodsEquipment.com, or in
the United States and Canada call 1-800-319-6637.
The equipment you have purchased has been carefully engineered and manufactured to provide dependable and
satisfactory use. Like all mechanical products, it will require cleaning and upkeep. Lubricate the unit as specified.
Observe all safety information in this manual and safety decals on the equipment.
For service, your authorized Woods dealer has trained mechanics, genuine Woods service parts, and the necessary
tools and equipment to handle all your needs.
Use only genuine Woods service parts. Substitute parts will void the warranty and may not meet standards required for
safe and satisfactory operation. Record the model number and serial number of your equipment in the spaces
provided:
dealer. Read manual instructions
Model: _______________________________ Date of Purchase: _____________________
Serial Number: (see Safety Decal section for location) ____________________________________
Provide this information to your dealer to obtain correct repair parts.
Throughout this manual, the term NOTICE is used to indicate that failure to observe can cause damage to equipment.
The terms CAUTION, WARNING, and DANGER are used in conjunction with the Safety-Alert Symbol (a triangle with
an exclamation mark) to indicate the degree of hazard for items of personal safety.
2 Introduction
Gen’l (Rev. 3/5/2010)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
SPECIFICATIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
GENERAL INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
SAFETY RULES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
SAFETY DECALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
OWNER SERVICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
TROUBLESHOOTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
DEALER SERVICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
ASSEMBLY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
DEALER CHECK LIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
INDEX TO PARTS LISTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
BOLT TORQUE CHART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
BOLT SIZE CHART & ABBREVIATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
PRODUCT WARRANTY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INSIDE BACK COVER
REPLACEMENT PARTS WARRANTY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BACK COVER
!
LEA EL INSTRUCTIVO!
Si no lee Ingles, pida ayuda a
alguien que si lo lea para que le
traduzca las medidas de seguridad.
MAN0450 (10/28/2005)
Introduction 3
BH70-X & BH80-X SPECIFICATIONS
English Metric
Description Illustration BH70-X BH80-X BH70-X BH80-X
Transport Height* A 74.75" 82.25" 1899 mm 2090 mm
Stabilizer Spread (Transport)* 58.5" 58.5" 1486 mm 1486 mm
Angle of Departure** 15° 15° 15° 15°
Digging Depth, Maximum* F 86.25" 98." 2191 mm 2489 mm
Digging Depth, 2 ft. Flat Bottom* G 84.5" 96.5" 2146 mm 2451 mm
Digging Depth, 8 ft. Flat Bottom* H 61.25" 75.75" 1556 mm 1924 mm
Overall Operating Height* J 108.25" 117.25" 2750 mm 2978 mm
Loading Height* K 66" 75.25" 1676 mm 1911 mm
Loading Reach* L 45.25" 52.5" 1149 mm 1334 mm
Reach from Swing Pivot* M 113.5" 125.5" 2883 mm 3188 mm
Bucket Rotation* 180° 180° 180° 180°
Swing Arc* 180° 180° 180° 180°
Stabilizer Spread (Operating)* 88.5" 88.5" 2248 mm 2248 mm
Leveling Angle* 10° 10° 10° 10°
Operating Pressure* 2030 psi 2470 psi 14.0 Mpa 17.0 Mpa
Operating Flow 4 - 6 gpm 5 - 7 gpm 15 - 23 lpm 19 - 26 lpm
Bucket Digging Force* 3110 lbs 3780 lbs 13834 N 16814 N
Dipper Digging Force* 2000 lbs 2480 lbs 8896 N 11032 N
Bucket Capacity (Heaped) cu.-ft. cu.-meter
9" (203 mm) 0.77 0.022
12" (305 mm) 1.13 0.032
16" (406 mm) 1.64 0.046
18" (457 mm) 1.90 0.054
24" (610 mm) 2.67 0.075
* Per Definitions in SAE J49 Standard
** Per Definitions in SAE J1234 Standard
4 Introduction
MAN0450 (10/28/2005)
BH70-X & BH80-X SPECIFICATIONS
MAN0450 (10/28/2005)
Introduction 5
GENERAL INFORMATION
WARNING
1. Bucket
2. Bucket cylinder
3. Dipper cylinder
4. Boom cylinder
5. Console
6. Stabilizer
7. Swing cylinder
8. Boom
9. Dipper
10. Stabilizer cylinder
11. Swing frame
12. Main frame
The purpose of this manual is to assist in setting up,
operating and maintaining your backhoe. Read it carefully. It furnishes information and instructions that will
help you achieve years of dependable performance.
These instructions have been compiled from extensive
field experience and engineering data. Some information may be general in nature due to unknown and
varying conditions. However, through experience and
these instructions, you should be able to develop procedures suitable to your particular situation.
The illustrations and data used in this manual were current at the time of printing, but due to possible in-line
production changes, your machine may vary slightly in
detail. We reserve the right to redesign and change the
machines as may be necessary without notification.
Figure 1. Backhoe Directions
Throughout this manual, references are made to right,
left, forward and rearward directions. These are determined from the backhoe operator seat position facing
rearward as shown in Figure 1.
■ Some illustrations in this manual show the
backhoe with safety shields removed to provide a
better view. The backhoe should never be operated
with any safety shielding removed.
Terms for backhoe components have some variations
throughout the industry. We use SAE designations as
shown in Figure 2.
6 Introduction
Figure 2. Backhoe Components
MAN0450 (10/28/2005)
INSTALLATION
Safety is a primary concern in the design and
manufacture of our products. Unfortunately, our
efforts to provide safe equipment can be wiped
out by an operator’s single careless act.
In addition to the design and configuration of
equipment, hazard control and accident prevention are dependent upon the awareness, concern, judgement, and proper training of
personnel involved in the operation, transport,
maintenance, and storage of equipment.
It has been said, “The best safety device is an
informed, careful operator.” We ask you to be
that kind of operator.
SAFETY RULES
ATTENTION! BECOME ALERT! YOUR SAFETY IS INVOLVED!
Hydraulics must be connected as instructed in
this manual. Do not substitute parts, modify, or
connect in any other way.
After connecting hoses, check that all control
lever positions function as instructed in the Operator's Manual. Do not put into service until control
lever and equipment movements are correct.
TRAINING
Safety instructions are important! Read all
attachment and power unit manuals; follow all
safety rules and safety decal information. (Replacement manuals and safety decals are available from
your dealer. To locate your nearest dealer, check
the Dealer Locator at www.WoodsEquipment.com,
or in the United States and Canada call 1-800-319-
6637.) Failure to follow instructions or safety rules
can result in serious injury or death.
If you do not understand any part of this manual
and need assistance, see your dealer.
Know your controls and how to stop engine and
attachment quickly in an emergency.
Operators must be instructed in and be capable
of the safe operation of the equipment, its attachments, and all controls. Do not allow anyone to
operate this equipment without proper instructions.
Keep hands and body away from pressurized
lines. Use paper or cardboard, not hands or other
body parts to check for leaks. Wear safety goggles.
Hydraulic fluid under pressure can easily penetrate
skin and will cause serious injury or death.
Make sure that all operating and service personnel know that if hydraulic fluid penetrates skin, it
BH6500/7500/9000_SR (Rev. 6/23/2006)
must be surgically removed as soon as possible by
a doctor familiar with this form of injury or gangrene, serious injury, or death will result. CONTACT A PHYSICIAN IMMEDIATELY IF FLUID
ENTERS SKIN OR EYES. DO NOT DELAY.
Never allow children or untrained persons to
operate equipment.
PREPARATION
Check that all hardware is properly installed.
Always tighten to torque chart specifications
unless instructed otherwise in this manual.
Air in hydraulic systems can cause erratic operation and allows loads or equipment components
to drop unexpectedly. When connecting equipment
or hoses or performing any hydraulic maintenance,
purge any air in hydraulic system by operating all
hydraulic functions several times. Do this before
putting into service or allowing anyone to
approach the equipment.
After connecting hoses, check that all control
lever positions function as instructed in the Operator's Manual. Do not put into service until control
lever and equipment movements are correct.
Protective hose sleeves must cover all hydraulic hoses within 20 inches of the operator and be
secured onto metal hose fittings. Replace hoses or
sleeves if damaged or if protective sleeve cannot
be properly positioned or secured.
Make sure all hydraulic hoses, fittings, and
valves are in good condition and not leaking before
starting power unit or using equipment. Check and
route hoses carefully to prevent damage. Hoses
must not be twisted, bent sharply, kinked, frayed,
pinched, or come into contact with any moving
parts. Operate moveable components through full
operational range to check clearances. Replace
any damaged hoses immediately.
Always wear relatively tight and belted clothing
to avoid getting caught in moving parts. Wear
sturdy, rough-soled work shoes and protective
equipment for eyes, hair, hands, hearing, and head;
and respirator or filter mask where appropriate.
Make sure spring-activated locking pin or collar
slides freely and is seated firmly in tractor PTO
spline groove.
Make sure attachment is properly secured,
adjusted, and in good operating condition.
(Safety Rules continued on next page)
Safety 7
SAFETY RULES
ATTENTION! BECOME ALERT! YOUR SAFETY IS INVOLVED!
(Safety Rules continued from previous page)
Power unit must be equipped with ROPS or
ROPS cab and seat belt. Keep seat belt securely
fastened. Falling off power unit can result in death
from being run over or crushed. Keep foldable
ROPS system in “locked up” position at all times.
Only mount this backhoe on Category 1 tractors
with 800 lb. lift capacity at 24" behind 3-point lift
arm hitch balls.
Never put backhoe into service unless backhoe
manufacturer's 3-point hitch Saf-T-Lok
sub-frame has been installed and adjusted.
To avoid possible hitch failure, read and follow
the Saf-T-Lok Limiter Installation Instructions in the
Assembly section before mounting backhoe to
tractor 3-point hitch.
Remove seat and upper support assembly
before installing or removing backhoe from tractor.
Failure to comply may result in equipment failure
and/or personal injury.
Do not operate backhoe unless there is adequate operator clearance as shown on safety
decal. (Refer to Danger decal in Safety Decal section.)
Always use the special heavy-duty top link (provided with backhoe) and the OEM high-strength top
link pin (provided with tractor) to mount the top link
to tractor. Use 3/4" x 3-1/2" grade 5 bolt(s) to mount
top link to backhoe.
Be sure that backhoe is properly mounted,
adjusted, and in good operating condition.
Place and keep 3-point lift quadrant lever in lowered position at all times.
If tractor is equipped with draft sensing control,
set control to “HEAVY” (minimum sensitivity) position.
Make sure all safety decals are installed.
Replace if damaged. (See Safety Decals section for
location.)
Make sure shields and guards are properly
installed and in good condition. Replace if damaged.
A minimum 20% of tractor and equipment
weight must be on tractor front wheels with backhoe in transport position. Without this weight, tractor could tip over, causing personal injury or death.
The weight may be attained with a loader, front
wheel weights, ballast in tires, or front tractor
weights. When attaining the minimum 20% weight
on the front wheels, you must not exceed the Roll
®
limiter or
Over Protection Structure (ROPS) weight certification. Weigh the tractor and equipment. Do not estimate.
Do not install backhoe and required counterweights on tractor if the total tractor and equipment
weight then exceeds the ROPS weight certification
of the tractor. To reduce overall weight of unit,
remove liquid from rear tires and remove midmount mower, if equipped.
Clean all dirt, trash, and grease from operator's
platform and steps.
OPERATION
Do not allow bystanders in the area when operating, attaching, removing, assembling, or servicing equipment.
Before operating, make sure stabilizer pads are
lowered firmly to the ground. Stabilizer arms provide support for the backhoe and support for the
backhoe mounting brackets.
Consult local utilities before working. Know
location of all underground cables, pipelines, overhead wires, and other hazards in working area and
avoid contact.
Keep bystanders away from operator, stabilizer,
and maximum bucket swing areas.
Do not operate or transport equipment while
under the influence of alcohol or drugs.
Operate only in daylight or good artificial light.
Always comply with all state and local lighting
and marking requirements.
Do not allow riders. Do not lift or carry anybody
on the power unit or attachments.
Power unit must be equipped with ROPS or
ROPS cab and seat belt. Keep seat belt securely
fastened. Falling off power unit can result in death
from being run over or crushed. Keep foldable
ROPS system in “locked up” position at all times.
The only time the backhoe may be operated
from a position other than the operator seat is during backhoe attachment and removal. Operator
must:
• Read Mounting Kit Manual instructions on
attaching and removing backhoe and use
extreme care.
• Always stand between rear tire and backhoe
stabilizer arms or along side of tractor to avoid
being trapped should the boom swing control
be accidentally activated.
8 Safety
BH6500/7500/9000_SR (Rev. 6/23/2006)
SAFETY RULES
ATTENTION! BECOME ALERT! YOUR SAFETY IS INVOLVED!
When operating controls, always sit in backhoe
seat.
Operate tractor PTO at 540 RPM. Do not exceed.
Always dump spoil at least two feet away from
opening.
Use extreme care when working close to fences,
ditches, other obstructions, or on hillsides.
Be careful when swinging loaded bucket on a
hillside. Always dump spoil on uphill side of backhoe to minimize the possibility of upset.
Never leave equipment unattended with engine
running or with bucket in raised position. Always
engage swing and boom transport locks, relieve
system pressure by operating controls, and
remove ignition key before leaving equipment.
Do not use backhoe for craning; it is primarily
designed for digging. Mechanical failures such as
hose rupture will cause a load to drop suddenly.
TRANSPORTATION
Always engage swing and boom transport locks
and attach Slow Moving Vehicle (SMV) sign before
transporting backhoe.
Power unit must be equipped with ROPS or
ROPS cab and seat belt. Keep seat belt securely
fastened. Falling off power unit can result in death
from being run over or crushed. Keep foldable
ROPS system in “locked up” position at all times.
Never exceed 20 mph (32.2 km/h) during transport.
Always comply with all state and local lighting
and marking requirements.
Never allow riders on power unit or attachment.
Do not operate PTO during transport.
Do not operate or transport on steep slopes.
A minimum 20% of tractor and equipment
weight must be on tractor front wheels with backhoe in transport position. Without this weight, tractor could tip over, causing personal injury or death.
The weight may be attained with a loader, front
wheel weights, ballast in tires, or front tractor
weights. When attaining the minimum 20% weight
on the front wheels, you must not exceed the Roll
Over Protection Structure (ROPS) weight certification. Weigh the tractor and equipment. Do not estimate.
Do not operate or transport equipment while
under the influence of alcohol or drugs.
MAINTENANCE
Do not modify or alter or permit anyone else to
modify or alter the equipment or any of its components in any way.
Do not allow bystanders in the area when operating, attaching, removing, assembling, or servicing equipment.
Your dealer can supply original equipment
hydraulic accessories and repair parts. Substitute
parts may not meet original equipment specifications and may be dangerous.
Adjustment of system relief pressure must be
done by a qualified, experienced dealership. Incorrect adjustment can result in system failures and
serious personal injury.
Always wear relatively tight and belted clothing
to avoid getting caught in moving parts. Wear
sturdy, rough-soled work shoes and protective
equipment for eyes, hair, hands, hearing, and head;
and respirator or filter mask where appropriate.
Dealer service personnel must perform work
that requires engine operation during service.
Before working on backhoe, extend boom and
dipperstick and place bucket on ground. Make sure
that all system pressure has been relieved by operating controls before performing maintenance or
service or before disconnecting any hydraulic lines.
Keep all persons away from operator control
area while performing adjustments, service, or
maintenance.
Tighten all bolts, nuts, and screws to torque
chart specifications. Check that all cotter pins are
installed securely to ensure equipment is in a safe
condition before putting unit into service.
Make sure all safety decals are installed.
Replace if damaged. (See Safety Decals section for
location.)
Make sure shields and guards are properly
installed and in good condition. Replace if damaged.
STORAGE
Block equipment securely for storage.
Keep children and bystanders away from stor-
age area.
Refer to Removing and Storing Backhoe in
Operation section of backhoe manual.
(Rev. 7/7/2006)
BH6500/7500/9000_SR (Rev. 6/23/2006)
Safety 9
37884-A
FLOAT
37885-A
6 - PN 37885 7 - PN 37884
5 - PN 1008365
1 - SERIAL NUMBER PLATE
4 - PN 1011994
LOCK
33437-E
8 - PN 33437
BH80-X Only
SAFETY & INSTRUCTIONAL DECALS
ATTENTION! BECOME ALERT! YOUR SAFETY IS INVOLVED!
Replace Immediately If Damaged!
MODEL NO. SER IAL NO.
Woods Equipment Company
Oregon, Illinois, U.S.A.
HIGH-PRESSURE
HYDRAULIC OIL LEAKS
CAN PENETRATE SKIN
AND RESULT IN
SEVERE INJURY,
GANGRENE OR DEATH.
Check for leaks
with cardboard;
never use hand.
Before you loosen
fittings: lower load,
release pressure,
and be sure oil is
cool.
See a doctor at once if
oil enters skin.
WARNING
1008365
10 Safety
MAN0450 (10/28/2005)
2 - PN 1011992
3 - PN 1011993
"
BE CAREFUL!
Use a clean, damp cloth to clean safety decals.
Avoid spraying too close to decals when using a pressure washer; high-pressure water
can enter through very small scratches or under edges of decals causing them to peel
or come off.
Replacement safety decals can be ordered free from your Woods dealer. To locate
your nearest dealer, check the Dealer Locator at www.WoodsEquipment.com, or in the
United States and Canada call 1-800-319-6637.
SAFETY & INSTRUCTIONAL DECALS
ATTENTION! BECOME ALERT! YOUR SAFETY IS INVOLVED!
Replace Immediately If Damaged!
MAN0450 (10/28/2005)
Safety 11
OPERATION
DANGER
WARNING
WARNING
WARNING
CAUTION
The operator is responsible for the safe operation of
the backhoe. The operator must be properly trained.
Operators should be familiar with the backhoe, the
tractor, and all safety practices before starting operation. Read the safety rules and safety decals on pages
7 to 11.
Never put backhoe into service unless backhoe
manufacturer's 3-point hitch Saf-T-Lok
sub-frame has been installed and adjusted.
Do not operate backhoe unless there is adequate operator clearance as shown on safety
decal. (Refer to Danger decal in Safety Decal section.)
Make sure all hydraulic hoses, fittings, and
valves are in good condition and not leaking before
starting power unit or using equipment. Check and
route hoses carefully to prevent damage. Hoses
must not be twisted, bent sharply, kinked, frayed,
pinched, or come into contact with any moving
parts. Operate moveable components through full
operational range to check clearances. Replace
any damaged hoses immediately.
Make sure that all operating and service personnel know that if hydraulic fluid penetrates skin, it
must be surgically removed as soon as possible by
a doctor familiar with this form of injury or gangrene, serious injury, or death will result. CONTACT A PHYSICIAN IMMEDIATELY IF FLUID
ENTERS SKIN OR EYES. DO NOT DELAY.
®
limiter or
START AND STOP OPERATION
Operate tractor PTO at 540 RPM. Do not exceed.
An optional tractor-driven PTO pump supplies hydraulic
pressure for backhoe operation. Instructions for engaging and disengaging the PTO are in your tractor manual. Learn how to disengage PTO quickly should an
emergency occur.
Never exceed 540 rpm. Operating the pump in excess
of 540 rpm will cause overheating and equipment damage.
GENERAL OPERATION
Place and keep 3-point lift quadrant lever in lowered position at all times.
If tractor is equipped with draft sensing control,
set control to “HEAVY” (minimum sensitivity) position.
Do not use backhoe for craning; it is primarily
designed for digging. Mechanical failures such as
hose rupture will cause a load to drop suddenly.
Never allow children or untrained persons to
operate equipment.
When operating controls, always sit in backhoe
seat.
Keep hands and body away from pressurized
lines. Use paper or cardboard, not hands or other
body parts to check for leaks. Wear safety goggles.
Hydraulic fluid under pressure can easily penetrate
skin and will cause serious injury or death.
Consult local utilities before working. Know
location of all underground cables, pipelines, overhead wires, and other hazards in working area and
avoid contact.
A minimum 25% of tractor and equipment
weight must be on the tractor front wheels when
attachments are in transport position. Without this
weight, tractor could tip over, causing personal
injury or death. The weight may be attained with a
loader, front wheel weights, ballast in tires, or front
tractor weights. Weigh the tractor and equipment.
Do not estimate.
12 Operation
Figure 1. Backhoe Swing Area.
MAN0450 (10/28/2005)
Mechanical failures such as a hose rupture will cause a
load to drop. Lifting a heavy load with the dipper, then
operating the boom, could cause boom to drop. In
either case, if anyone is in the operating area (maximum reach of bucket) as shown in Figure 1, serious
injury or death could occur.
Do not dig with backhoe unless stabilizers are down
and on a firm surface. Stay clear of steep areas or
excavation banks that are soft or could give way
POSITION THE MACHINE
Before operating in an unfamiliar area, walk around the
full length of the proposed site and check for hidden
holes, drop-off or obstacles that could cause an accident.
When becoming familiar with backhoe controls, start
with a lower rpm.
Before operating, perform a functional test by placing
control handles in their various positions and making
certain correct operation occurs, matching decals on
operator's console. Pay specific attention to float position of boom. Do not operate backhoe if functions differ
from decal; serious injury or death could occur.
It is not difficult to become a successful operator. Control lever operating decals (shown in Figure 4) are next
to the operating control levers. Study these decals;
they will assist you in becoming familiar with the controls.
Pushing handle 1 forward will lower left stabilizer; pulling back raises it.
Lower stabilizers until they carry the weight of the
backhoe. If tractor is equipped with a front loader,
place the bucket flat on the ground. Lower loader lift
arms until weight is removed from front tractor tires.
Level the machine using stabilizers and front loader
before starting to dig.
Stability is very important when operating backhoe in
the extreme swing positions as this causes weight
transfer.
CONTROL HANDLE OPERATION
Refer to Figure 2.
Assume your position in the operator's seat.
When engaging optional PTO-mounted pump, engine
rpm should always be low. Once engaged, engine rpm
may be increased to desirable operation speed (not to
exceed 540 rpm).
Pushing handle 2 forward will lower right stabilizer;
pulling back raises it.
Pulling left control back (toward A) raises boom; pushing it forward (toward C) lowers it. Full forward (toward
C) is the float position.
Moving left handle left (toward B) swings boom left;
moving it right (toward D) swings boom right.
Pulling right control back (toward E) moves dipper
down and toward operator; pushing it forward (toward
G) moves it up and away from operator.
Moving right handle left (toward F) curls bucket toward
operator; moving it right (toward H) extends bucket out
away from operator.
Operate the control levers, swinging the boom several
times to practice control. Do not operate the swing
more than 45 degrees each way the first few times.
Gradually increase arc.
MAN0450 (10/28/2005)
Figure 2. Operator’s Controls (Typical View)
Operation 13
After becoming familiar with the backhoe operation,
WARNING
practice coordinated use of the controls in a safe open
area at reduced engine speed. Gradually increase
engine speed as the technique is mastered.
Operate backhoe gently and smoothly. Avoid swinging
boom into mainframe. Sudden stopping or jerking
could result in serious damage to tractor and backhoe.
Strive to develop a smooth digging cycle. Avoid abrupt
or jerky movements. This is accomplished by operating
two or more controls at the same time and not allowing
the cylinders to reach the limit of travel.
Should you become confused during operation, simply
let go of the controls. The valve control handles will
automatically return to neutral.
BH80-X SWING SPEED CONTROL
The swing speed control valve is located on the back
side of the console on BH80-X backhoes only. This
controls the speed of the swing cylinders and allows for
easier operation in tight areas. Turn knob to the right to
Decrease swing speed and to the left to increase swing
speed.
FILL BUCKET
Control bucket attitude throughout digging cycle to
keep teeth parallel to bottom of excavation. This will
provide best penetration angle and minimize dragging
and scraping bucket through the ground.
Penetration depth is determined by soil condition and
type.
Only use dipper and bucket during the digging cycle.
As the dipper moves the bucket through the soil, curl
bucket to maintain proper bucket position.
At the end of the pass, or when bucket is full, curl
bucket completely, lift bucket from excavation and
swing boom to dump site.
To obtain a cleaner trench and avoid material buildup
directly in front of backhoe, extend dipper and curl
bucket completely while starting to lift it out of the excavation. This will allow excess material to fall back into
the excavation.
START EXCAVATION
Consult local utilities before working. Know
location of all underground cables, pipelines, overhead wires, and other hazards in working area and
avoid contact.
Figure 3. Starting Position
To start the excavation, position backhoe as shown in
Figure 3 for maximum breakout force.
Actuate the dipper cylinder to start digging. Approximately halfway through digging cycle, start bucket curl
while continuing crowding dipper in. Should bucket
stall, raise boom slightly.
Do not use down pressure on the boom when starting
to dig, as this will lift the machine and move it out of
alignment with the work.
Figure 4. Fill Bucket
DUMP AND RETURN CYCLE
Keep the swing-dump-return cycle as brief as possible.
Keep dipper moving outward and start boom swing as
soon as the bucket clears the excavation. Continue
extending dipper and, as you approach the spoil pile,
start to dump bucket.
When bucket is empty, dipper and bucket are in position to resume digging upon return to the excavation.
TRENCHING AND EXCAVATING
Refer to Figure 5.
Trenching is the most basic backhoe digging operation.
Other operations are variations of this basic function.
To maintain a level trench bottom, set bucket at proper
approach angle and while crowding dipper-stick in,
continually move bucket curl lever to maintain correct
cutting angle. At the same time, place boom control in
the full forward (float) position and keep the bucket in
the same plane.
When handle is placed in the float position, pressure
on both sides of boom cylinder is released.
14 Operation
MAN0450 (10/28/2005)
Digging near center of swing so material may be
WARNING
WARNING
dumped on either side will produce good results. Never
dig near stabilizers.
Continue the trench by moving machine along trench
centerline away from existing excavation. Move
machine approximately one-half the effective backhoe
reach. Moving too far will require excessive down pressure for digging and hand clean-up of trench bottom.
Figure 7. Level with Cut Out
TRANSPORTING
Figure 5. Trenching
SIDE SLOPE TRENCHING / EXCAVATING
Be careful when swinging loaded bucket on hillside. Always dump spoil on uphill side of backhoe
to minimize rollover possibility.
When operating on a side slope, the backhoe must be
positioned using one of these two methods as shown in
Figure 6 or Figure 7.
When operating on a side slope, always place the
trench spoil on the uphill side.
Always engage swing and boom transport locks
and attach Slow Moving Vehicle (SMV) sign before
transporting backhoe.
Power unit must be equipped with ROPS or
ROPS cab and seat belt. Keep seat belt securely
fastened. Falling off power unit can result in death
from being run over or crushed. Keep foldable
ROPS system in “locked up” position at all times.
Never leave equipment unattended with engine
running or with bucket in raised position. Always
engage swing and boom transport locks, relieve
system pressure by operating controls, and
remove ignition key before leaving equipment.
Transport and Swing Lock Installation
IMPORTANT
■ Before operating backhoe, disengage transport
lock bar and store swing lock pin. Push transport
lock bar down fully to prevent damage.
Engage transport lock by fully retracting boom and dipper. Position transport lock bar (1), located on right
side of swing frame, over transport lock pin (2). Secure
with safety pin (4). See Figure 8.
Figure 6. Level with Stabilizers
Cut a level pad for the uphill side of the machine and
place spoil on the downhill side as shown in Figure 7.
MAN0450 (10/28/2005)
Center boom from side to side and install swing lock
pin (3) through swing frame and main frame. Secure
swing lock pin (3) with a safety pin (4) as shown.
During backhoe operation, store swing lock pin (3) in
the hole provided on the back side of the seat post.
Secure into position with safety pin (4).
Always raise stabilizers before transporting backhoe.
Operation 15
Figure 8. Transport and Swing Lock Installed
1. Transport lock bar
2. Transport lock pin
3. Swing lock pin
4. Safety pin
1
2
3
4
DP1
4
DANGER
WARNING
REMOVING AND STORING BACKHOE
The only time the backhoe may be operated
from a position other than the operator seat is during backhoe attachment and removal. Operator
must:
• Read Mounting Kit Manual instructions on
attaching and removing backhoe and use
extreme care.
• Always stand between rear tire and backhoe
stabilizer arms or along side of tractor to avoid
being trapped should the boom swing control
be accidentally activated.
Keep all persons away from operator control
area while performing adjustments, service, or
maintenance.
Remove seat and upper support assembly
before installing or removing backhoe from power
unit. Failure to comply may result in equipment failure and/or personal injury.
3-Point Mount Removal
Position tractor on a hard level surface, remove swing
lock pin and transport bar, and center the backhoe
boom.
Lower stabilizers and take weight of backhoe off of rear
tractor tires.
Lower boom and dipper to form 90-degree angle and
rest bucket on the ground.
16 Operation
Remove pin that attaches top link to tractor. Remove
lower 3-point arms from backhoe. Place blocks under
mainframe and raise stabilizers to lower backhoe mainframe onto blocks. Block backhoe as necessary to
make it stable.
Disconnect hydraulic system.
4-Point Sub-Frame Mount Removal
NOTE: See the sub-frame mounting kit manual that fits
your tractor for specific instructions.
Position tractor on a hard level surface, remove swing
lock pin and transport bar, and center the backhoe
boom.
Lower stabilizers and take weight of backhoe off of rear
tractor tires.
Lower boom and dipper to form 90-degree angle and
rest bucket on the ground.
Remove the seat assembly.
Remove klik pins from bolt and nut assemblies.
Use 1-1/2 inch open end wrench supplied with the
mounting kit to remove hex nuts. Return wrench to
storage position.
Use the boom to relieve excess pressure on 1-inch
bolts and remove bolts.
Tilt backhoe mainframe forward and away from subframe.
Raise stabilizers (to lower backhoe) until backhoe
brackets slide out of hooks on the sub-frame. Lower
backhoe approximately 1-1/2 inch.
Move tractor forward to clear backhoe brackets.
Place 6 inch blocks under backhoe mainframe and
raise stabilizers to lower backhoe to the storage position on blocks. Boom and dipper should be at 90degree angle.
Disconnect hydraulic system.
Disconnect Tractor Hydraulics
For Backhoe Powered with Auxiliary Pump
Disengage the PTO, stop tractor engine and remove
key. Remove pump from PTO and secure it on backhoe. Move tractor carefully away from backhoe.
For Tractors with Open-Center Valves (Figure 9)
Stop tractor and remove key.
Disconnect pressure and return hoses. Connect tractor
pressure and return hoses together to complete opencenter circuit. Connect backhoe pressure and return
hoses together for storage.
MAN0450 (10/28/2005)
NOTE: Circuit must be complete to prevent damage to
tractor hydraulic system.
Figure 9. Tractors with Open-Center Valves
MECHANICAL THUMB (OPTIONAL)
The mechanical thumb is used for grabbing objects
and securing them between the thumb and the bucket.
Become familiar with the geometry and extra weight
the thumb adds to the backhoe before operating. Large
heavy objects such as rocks and logs can increase
momentum when pivoting backhoe to the side. DO
NOT make sudden stops and starts. Be extremely
careful lifting and moving long items such as poles or
tree limbs which may extend beyond the normal backhoe operating area.
Improper usage can also damage the thumb or backhoe. DO NOT use the thumb to rake material, push or
pull material, use the side of the thumb to move material, use as a lifting devise with chain or rope, or as a
pry bar to dislodge objects.
Place thumb in operating position by selecting an
appropriate pin location on the telescoping tube.
Rotate the bucket to hold material against the thumb.
When normal backhoe operation is required, place
thumb in storage position. Remove pin, rotate thumb
up against dipper, and insert pin to lock thumb into
position.
PRE-OPERATION CHECK LIST
(OWNER'S RESPONSIBILITY)
The operator should perform the following check list
before operating backhoe.
___ Check that backhoe is properly and securely
attached to tractor.
___ Make sure all hydraulic connections are tight
and all hydraulic lines and hoses are in good
condition before engaging tractor PTO.
___ Check that there are no leaks in the hydraulic
system. Before operating, all hydraulic hoses
must be routed properly and not be twisted,
bent sharply, kinked, pulled tight or frayed.
___ During inspection, check that all nuts and bolts
are secure and clevis pins are properly cotter
pinned.
___ Be sure special heavy-duty top link, provided
with backhoe, is installed.
___ Make sure only original equipment high-
strength top link pin, provided with tractor, is
used to attach top link to tractor.
___ Use a 3/4" x 3-1/2" grade 5 bolt to mount top
link to backhoe.
___ Make sure tractor lower lift arm stabilizers
(blocks or chains) are positioned to prevent lift
arms and backhoe from swaying.
___ Place all backhoe controls in neutral position
before starting tractor engine.
___ Check hydraulic reservoir level.
MAN0450 (10/28/2005)
Operation 17
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