Congratulations on purchasing your Wisdom Audio system. It incorporates many
design features designed to give you decades of pleasure and performance.
Many of these design choices are uncommon among loudspeaker manufacturers, and bear some explanation. See the following section entitled “Description”
for more information.
Our unique driver designs and our emphasis on achieving real-world performance account for the “system” approach taken. These are not speakers that
are simply connected to speaker wires and promptly forgotten. We recognize
that setting up a Wisdom Audio system is a bit more involved than connecting
a common set of loudspeakers, which is why we insist that our dealers perform
the installation and calibration of the systems. We know that the extra effort
(particularly as regards setting up the SC-1 System Controller) yields vastly improved results.
About this manualThis manual focuses on the loudspeakers themselves. In order to fully under-
stand the system, we recommend you also review the manual for the SC-1
System Controller, without which these speakers will not perform correctly.
While we expect your local Wisdom Audio dealer to take care of the setup and
calibration of the system, we still recommend that you at least briey review this
and the other manuals (SC-1, STS or S100i subwoofers) to understand the system’s full capabilities.
Your Wisdom Series LS4i loudspeakers are specically designed to avoid the
compromises inherent in conventional speaker designs. The active crossover
and room correction circuitry in the SC-1 is essential to the speakers’ proper operation. It is truly a “system” design, and not merely a collection of loudspeaker
drivers in a box.
4
Description
Your Wisdom Series loudspeakers take
advantage of several critical technologies
to deliver a level of performance that has
never been available in a loudspeaker that
intruded so modestly on your living space.
In fact, this level of performance has rarely
been attained, regardless of the space and
budget at one’s disposal.
Since most of these technologies cannot
readily be found elsewhere, we will take
the time to describe them in more detail
than would be necessary for more conventional designs.
Planar magnetic panelsOur planar magnetic drivers use an ad-
vanced, thin lm membrane to move the air. This lm can respond instantly to
the smallest detail in the signal. It has vastly less inertia than traditional “cone &
dome” drivers, so the signal is never blurred
in any way. In fact, the air that is moved by
the lm weighs three times more than the
lm itself does.
The motive force is provided by a “voice
coil” that is printed on the lm, which is
suspended in a strong magnetic eld pro-
vided by powerful magnets behind and in front of the lm. The ratio of available
force to the moving mass is huge, which means that the diaphragm does exactly
what it is told; nothing more, nothing less.
Free from compressionOne of the most remarkable things about the sound of well-designed planar
magnetic speakers is their lack of thermal or dynamic compression. There are
several reasons for this:
• The lightweight diaphragm responds quickly to even the smallest
signals, yet is robust enough to handle enormous ones.
• The fact that heat does not build up in the voice coil (as it does
in conventional dynamic drivers) means that the load seen by the
amplier does not change at high power levels.
When you become accustomed to the sound of your new Wisdom Series LS4i
speakers, conventional speakers sound a bit bland and lifeless.
More reliableThe “voice coil” in the planar magnetic driver is spread out over a large, at area
that is exposed to the open air. As such, when a huge transient comes along,
any heat that is generated is immediately dissipated. This compares quite favorably to other designs in which the voice coil is buried inside a massive piece of
metal, where the heat has effectively no place to go.
5
The excellent heat dissipation of these drivers makes them remarkably reliable.
Planar magnetic speakers can handle a great deal of power without undue stress
or audible strain. In fact, for a given size, they can handle many times the power
of a traditional dynamic driver.
Easy on ampliersBecause the conductor is essentially a long, thin wire, it presents a purely resis-
tive load to the amplier. This is comparable to the simple test loads that amplier companies use when measuring their ampliers to show how terric they
are. As such, you can be assured that your ampliers will sound and work their
best.
Line source behaviorAlmost all loudspeakers radiate sound into the room as imperfect “point
sources.” This means that most of the energy they put into the room expands as
an ever-enlarging sphere, as though emerging from a single point in space. This
results in a multitude of reections from the ceiling and oor that can degrade
sound qualit y.
By contrast, the Wisdom Series LS4i speakers radiate sound as a “line source.”
The sound moves into the room as an expanding cylinder, rather than as an expanding sphere — as though from a vertical line suspended in space.
Line source speakers provide two signicant advantages:
• ceiling and oor reections are minimized, resulting in greatly re-
duced interference, letting you hear more of the speaker and less
of the room;
• the sound pressure level (SPL) throughout the room is much
more evenly distributed, making it much easier to set the “right”
volume, no matter where the audience is seated.
6
To achieve this highly desirable line source behavior, it is essential to have a tall
and slim driver. (Simply stacking multiple “cone & dome” high frequency drivers
does not create a proper line source. Instead, it creates a series of point sources
which end up interfering with each other.) With Wisdom Audio’s planar magnetic technology, it becomes possible to have drivers that are extremely tall and
slim. In the LS4i, for example, the active area of the tweeter section of the lm is
driver is approximately 3⁄4“ (19mm) wide by 80” (203cm) tall.
Because of this shape, the sound (even at high frequencies) is distributed uniformly across the width of the room from a driver that “looks” only less than an
inch wide acoustically. However, the sound is launched in a much more direc-
tional way vertically. By minimizing early reections from the ceiling and the
oor, the clarity of the system is greatly enhanced. This is heard in both tremen-
dous musical detail and in much-improved dialog intelligibility.
For more detailed information on the loudspeaker drivers in general, and planar
magnetic drivers in particular, please refer to the Planar Magnetic Technology
white paper that can be found on the Wisdom Audio web site, at
http://www.wisdomaudio.com.
Designed for triamplicationPeople who have wanted to extract the highest performance from their systems
have known for a long time that driving each section of the speaker directly and
separately yields the nest results. Of course, this requires having a dedicated,
active crossover to divide the frequency range appropriately before the power
ampliers, so that they can then drive the speakers directly. It also requires two
sets of speaker wires for each loudspeaker.
Biamplication makes use of two channels of amplication to drive different
portions of the audio spectrum. The most common instance of “bi-amping”
today is in home theater applications, wherein a dedicated subwoofer handles
the deepest bass, while the remaining audible range is handled by the various
front and surround speakers. But you can also biamplify other loudspeakers,
driving the low frequency sections separately from the sections that handle the
higher frequencies. Your Wisdom Series LS4i is such a speaker, designed to use
separate ampliers for the lower and the higher planar magnetic sections of
each loudspeaker.
Since each channel of the amplier is delivering current into its load only over
a limited range of frequencies, several forms of distortion are reduced as compared to each channel handling the full range of musical information. Moreover,
since each amplier is “direct-connected” to the driver for which it is responsible, there are no passive component losses and the amplier can control the
motion of its assigned transducer with far greater nesse and precision.
In addition, the deepest bass is handled by dedicated subwoofers (usually the
STS or the S110i). They also have their own ampliers, making the complete
system triamplied. By being separate from the main LS4i or LS3i loudspeakers,
the subwoofers can also be located where they will perform best vis-a-vis the
standing waves of the room. In this way, you can optimize placement for both
the best imaging and the best bass performance – something not possible with
all-in-one designs.
SC-1 System ControllerIn order to realize these benets, an active crossover must accurately divide the
signal into the low and high ranges. The Wisdom SC-1 System Controller serves
that purpose, while also providing both system-specic parametric equalization
7
and sophisticated room correction to minimize distortions introduced by the
room itself. The goal is simple: to achieve consistently excellent results in the
real world of the owner’s home.
After all, that’s all that really matters.
8
Un-crating & Installing the
LS3i/LS4i
Your new Wisdom Audio Wisdom Series LS3i or LS4i in-wall speaker is a
substantial piece of equipment. Please exercise caution when unpacking it to
ensure that you do not strain yourself from its (perhaps unexpected) weight.
Caution! Do not attempt to un-crate your Wisdom Series speakers by yourself.
Unpacking these speakers is a job for multiple, trained installers. It is
unwise for a single person even to attempt doing so.
Do not attempt to lift your speakers while bending or twisting from
the waist. Use your legs for lifting, not your back.
Always stand as straight as possible and keep the speaker close to
your body to reduce strain on your back. Let the oor take most of
the weight of the speaker.
The loudspeaker is shipped in a specially-designed wooden crate that both
protects it during shipment and facilitates its installation on the wall. When you
remove the top of the crate, the rear of the speaker will be exposed.
These parts are packed in a wood crate that is designed both to protect your
Wisdom Series loudspeaker, and to make un-crating it as safe and simple as
possible. A Torx bit is provided in a plastic envelop on the outside of the crate.
Use it to remove the screws holding the top cover of the crate in place, and lift
the top on its hinges
We recommend 3-4 people be involved in lifting the speaker out of its crate, as
the LS4i weighs in at about 250 pounds (about 114 kg).
These speakers are designed to be installed in a bafe wall that is framed for
their specic size and shape. An example of such a wall (for three LS3i and two
STS subwoofers) is shown below (courtesy Sound Components in Florida).
9
Each speaker has a ange running around the speaker that makes it a simple
matter to screw it to studs (via the predrilled and countersunk holes). The face of
the speaker and its ange are 5/8” thick, a standard thickness for wall construction materials, which can butt up to the edge of the speaker to form a smooth
surface.
The connections to the speaker may be made either before or after the speaker
is screwed to the wall that has been framed for it. (We usually nd it easier to
do after the speaker is securely in place.) The connections are made under a removable cover plate at the bottom of the speaker.
Double-stackingThe top of the LS3i and LS4i speaker features an interlocking “key” system for
registration of two speakers that are stacked with each other to form an even
taller line source. By ipping the upper speaker upside down, the protrusions of
one t into the recesses on the other, ensuring proper alignment.
These features make is a relatively simple matter to accommodate situation in
which a taller line source is required, as in the case of a larger theater with stadium seating.
10
Room Acoustics & Placement
Wisdom Audio believes in equalization. Assume for a moment that you had a
“perfect” loudspeaker: as soon as you place it in your room, its perfection is
gone. In fact, even good rooms can introduce deviations of 20 dB to the response of the system. This is particularly true in the bottom two octaves, where
a subwoofer operates.
It seems strange to us to worry about tenths-of-a-decibel differences between
one component and another when there are 10-20 dB problems right there in
the room with you.
At the same time, room equalization is not a panacea. It does not solve all problems. In fact, and somewhat paradoxically, EQ works best when it has the least
to do. It is best used as the “nishing touch” on an otherwise good system. Unfortunately, most people do not understand that the most important component
in their system is their listening room.
This manual does not have the space for a full description of everything that
goes into creating excellent room acoustics; doing so would require a textbook
of several hundred pages. Instead, we will give you some ideas, and some references to pursue should you want to learn more.
Start With the RoomThere are many myths oating around pertaining to what a “good room” should
be like. One of the most common is that it should have non-parallel walls. Without going into the details, we recommend staying with rectangular rooms whose
dimensions do not share common divisors.
Thus a room with dimensions of 8’ by 16’ by 20’ would be quite poor (since the
dimensions are all divisible by a length of 4’, and 16 is also a multiple of 8). By
contrast, a room whose dimensions are 9’ by 16’ by 29’ would be much better,
since none of the dimensions are mathematically related to one another.
There are innite variations on this idea. If you have the exibility to choose (or
modify) your room dimensions to avoid such problems, do so. Either way, capable room optimization will be a big help making the most of what you have.
Rigid WallsAnother myth that should be dispelled is the notion that the walls (and ceiling
and oor) of the room should be extremely rigid in order to reproduce good
bass. Rigid, inexible walls reect energy extremely well; thus you will keep
more of the bass energy in the room. This much is true. However, those rigid
walls will only increase the amplitude of the standing waves that your room
naturally supports. In simple terms, you will have more bass, but it will also be
more irregular, with larger peaks and valleys in the response.
Walls that ex a bit (but do not rattle) are much better. Coincidentally, traditional American residential construction standards (sheet rock on wooden studs) are
not a bad place to start. You can do better still with professional help, but studs
and sheet rock are better than poured concrete. (If your listening room is in the
basement, a false wall can easily be built in front of the concrete. You probably
need something like this for insulation and aesthetics anyway.)
11
The ultimate in dedicated listening room construction involves the design and
construction of oating walls, ceiling and oor. This approach yields the added
benet (when done properly) of providing outstanding acoustic isolation from
adjacent spaces as well as superb bass reproduction. This approach goes well
beyond the scope of an owner’s manual; if you are interested, you should contact a professional acoustician who has specialized in this sort of domestic room
design.
Speaker PlacementWithin the room itself, placement of the speakers and the listener will have a
profound effect on the performance of the system, particularly below 300 Hz
or so. There is no “perfect” position that will solve all problems, but nding the
best compromise will make it easier to solve the remaining problems with good
room optimization such as in the Wisdom Audio SC-1.
Your Wisdom Audio dealer can help you with optimizing your speaker placement, which is never quite as simple as it seems it should be. The characteristics
you should listen for are several:
Left & Right SpeakersGoal #1: Stable, 3-dimensional stereo imaging
This usually requires reasonable symmetry within the room. Mono (correlated)
pink noise can help here, though it does not replace listening to music. With
pink noise playing in both speakers, you should hear a tightly-dened little
“ball” of pink noise oating in space exactly halfway between the speakers.
Goal #2: Smooth, consistent bass
Oft-cited rules of thumb for smoother bass reproduction include both “placing
the speakers at different distances from the side walls vs. the wall behind them,”
and “placing them at ‘odd fractions’ of the room’s dimensions” (e.g., fractions
in which the denominator is an odd number, like 1⁄3, 2⁄5, 2⁄7, etc.). But nothing
replaces your experience in your room, combined with your dealer’s experience in a variety of rooms. Playing pink noise through the woofer sections of
your Wisdom Audio speakers (with the microphone at the listening position, and
prior to doing any equalization) and watching the results on a Real Time Analyzer (RTA) will let you see the results of your labors.
Center ChannelCenter channel height
Once you have a solid stereo image up front (when listening only to the Left and
the Right speakers), you need a center channel speaker for multichannel reproduction. It should be centered between the Left and Right, and centered on the
screen’s location, preferably at the same height as the Left and Right speakers.
This presents an obvious problem: you cannot place a speaker in front of your
television screen.
Ideally, a center channel speaker would be behind an acoustically transparent
front projection screen and would match the Left and Right speakers. Doing so
would ensure the best possible consistency of tonal balance, image height, and
dynamic capabilities for the critical center channel. This is how it is done in all
good commercial theaters.
Another possibility that works well in certain instances is to use the “phantom
center channel” feature of your surround processor. This works best when the
room is reasonably symmetrical and the listeners are more-or-less directly in
front of the TV. It uses the natural stereo imaging ability of the speakers to create
12
a center image where it belongs. f course, if people are sitting well off to one
LR
side in the room, the image tends to fall into the nearest speaker.
Failing an acoustically transparent screen or a phantom center channel approach, the important thing is to match the tonal and dynamic capabilities of the
Left and Right speakers while minimizing the change in image height as a sound
is panned across the front stage. Wisdom Audio has designed horizontally-oriented planar magnetic hybrid speakers that will match your Sage loudspeakers
superbly; place them as close to the edge of the screen as is practical.
Surround SpeakersSurround channel geometry
In a 5.x channel system, the surround should be placed either directly to the
sides of or slightly behind the listening area (90°–110° from the center channel,
as seen from above). In a 7.x system, the surround speakers should be closer to
90° from the center speaker, and the surround back speakers should be at approximately 135°–150° from the center speaker. This conforms to industry standards, and ensures that you hear what was intended from a spatial placement
point of view. (Too often, the surround speakers are all behind the listeners, cre-
ating a big “hole” in the soundeld between the front and the back.)
Sub 1
C
0°
22°
30°
One possible exception to these guidelines: if you have a THX®-certied processor and are using the THX Advanced Speaker Array™ circuitry, you should
follow the guidelines in your owner’s manual for the processor. Using this
technology, it can actually be more effective to have the rear speakers in a 7.x
system directly behind you and immediately adjacent to each other.
Subwoofer PlacementSubwoofers offer somewhat greater exibility in placement, since the frequen-
cies they reproduce are not readily localizable by the human ear. This is due to
the fact that the wavelengths they reproduce are more than ten feet (3 meters)
long, but our ears are located only about 6-7 inches (17 cm) apart. Thus these
extremely long waves do not contribute meaningfully to the imaging that the
main speakers create.
Sub 2
90°
110°
R
R
s
b
L
s
135°
L
b
a 7.2 channel system layout
150°
However, this fact does not mean that the placement of the subwoofers has no
effect on the sound quality in the room. Far from it. The subwoofers are the
13
most likely to suffer from the response irregularities introduced by the room
itself, operating as they do below approximately 80 Hz in most systems.
Recent research into the behavior of rooms as a function of speaker placement
has concluded that — if you have the freedom to do so — there are signicant
advantages to placing several smaller subwoofers around the room, rather than
relying on a single large woofer. Moreover, the optimum placement is usually
at 25% and 75% of the room width, or deep in the corners of the room. If you
have the luxury of doing so, this simple placement strategy can reduce the size
of the room’s response irregularities from 20 decibels down to perhaps as little
as 6-8 decibels—a tremendous improvement.
Reducing the room’s inherent problems to this degree provides a huge advantage. It allows products like our own SC-1 System Controller to put their considerable abilities to work on perfecting your system’s response, rather than on
trying to perform major corrective surgery.
Room TreatmentRectangular rooms have six reecting surfaces (four walls, ceiling and oor)
that reect sound to the listener, after various delays introduced by the indirect
routes the sound take on their way. These rst reections are particularly dam-
aging to sound quality. Looking at the simplest case of stereo reproduction, you
have a minimum of twelve rst reection points in your room that deserve some
attention.
Unfortunately, it is often difcult to do much about the ceiling and oor reections, even though they are arguably the most destructive. (The minimization of
these reections is one of the strongest arguments for the tall, line source loudspeakers that Wisdom Audio builds.) This leaves you with eight “rst reections”
that you should consider minimizing somehow. These points are easily found by
having an assistant slide a small mirror along the four walls of the room, while
you sit at the listening position. Any place on the wall where you can see a re-
ection of any speaker is a rst reection point. Concentrate on the rst reections for the Left and Right speakers rst.
If you can, arrange to apply either absorption or diffusion at these eight points
(don’t forget the wall behind you). Absorption can be as simple as heavy, insulated drapes; diffusion can be provided by a well-stocked bookcase with books
of varied sizes. Alternatively, you can buy purpose-designed room treatments
(some sources listed under References, below).
The important things to remember are these: a good room should have a balance of absorption and diffusion; and if you are going to treat only a few areas
of the room, the rst reection points are the most important ones to treat.
Professional Acoustic DesignDoes this all sound too complicated? For good reason: it is complicated.
The difference between the average listening room and one that is professionally
designed and implemented is huge. A great listening room will disappear to an
astonishing degree, letting the experiences captured in your recordings speak to
you directly. A well-designed room is also quieter and more comfortable. It can
easily become a favorite retreat for peace and rejuvenation.
If you decide to investigate the possibility of improving your room with the help
of a professional, it is important to nd someone who focuses on residential
spaces. Most acousticians are trained to deal with large spaces — airports, au-
14
ditoriums, lobbies in commercial buildings, etc. The problems seen in “small”
rooms (residential spaces) are quite different, and outside the experience of most
acousticians. Find someone who specializes in and has a great deal of experience designing home studios, home theaters, and the like. Your Wisdom Audio
dealer may be such a person; failing that, he/she can help you nd such a professional.
ReferencesBooks on Acoustics:
The Master Handbook of Acoustics, F. Alton Everest, TAB Books
Sound Reproduction: The Acoustics and Psychoacoustics of Loudspeakers and
Rooms by Dr. Floyd Toole, Focal Press
A Wisdom Audio loudspeaker system is just that: a system, designed to provide
the highest calibre of performance, in the widest variety of possible settings. As
such, simply connecting all the wires does not mean the system is optimized.
The SC-1 System Controller manual has the pertinent details on precisely how
to use it to optimize the performance of the system. For the purposes of this
manual, a quick overview of the process is sufcient.
1. Tell the SC-1 which speakers are in the system
The software application that congures the SC-1 for your specic system
has a series of menus that allow your installer to designate which model of
Sage loudspeaker is used in each channel of the system. This allows you to
mix and match freely, based on the best speaker for a given location.
2. Measure the room
Your installer will use a calibrated reference microphone to accurately
measure the performance of each speaker at multiple locations in the listening area. This process ensures that the entire listening area is optimized,
rather than optimizing only one location at the expense of others.
3. Select an appropriate target
Large and small rooms have intrinsically different traits. The room correction software allows for these characteristics to be taken into account for
superior results.
4. Calculate the necessary room correction
The software then uses the power of the PC to calculate the correction
lters your room requires, and downloads them into the SC-1 for you to
audition.
5. Listen and save the result
You can listen to each set of correction lters prior to deciding whether
it meets your expectations. Once you are satised, you can permanently
save the results to the SC-1 (eliminating the need for the PC).
This process can be repeated if necessary, and a total of up to three independent setup memories can be saved for different needs. For example, you might
want different setup memories for different conditions such as drapes open vs.
closed, or perhaps different target curves for different content (music, movies,
gaming). Each of these setup memories can be saved to the SC-1 and then selected as needed, with from the SC-1’s front panel, or via RS-232 and a control
system your installer would create for you.
16
Care & Maintenance
To remove dust from the cabinet of your LS4i, use a feather duster or a lint-free
soft cloth. To remove stubborn dirt and ngerprints, we recommend isopropyl
alcohol and a soft cloth. Lightly dampen the cloth with alcohol rst and then
clean the surface of the LS4i with the cloth. Do not use excessive amounts of
alcohol—there is no need for the cloth to be wet; merely damp is better.
Never attempt to clean the drivers themselves.
17
North American Warranty
Standard WarrantyWhen purchased from and installed by an authorized Wisdom Audio dealer,
Wisdom Audio® loudspeakers are warranted to be free from defects in material
and workmanship under normal use for a period of ve years from the original
date of purchase.
Furthermore, the transducers (“drivers”) in your Wisdom Audio speakers are
warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal
use for a period of twenty years from the original date of purchase.
During the warranty period, any Wisdom Audio loudspeaker exhibiting defects
in materials and/or workmanship will be repaired or replaced, at our option,
without charge for either parts or labor, at our factory. The warranty will not
apply to any Wisdom Audio loudspeaker that has been misused, abused, altered, or installed and calibrated by anyone other than an authorized Wisdom
Audio d e aler.
Any Wisdom Audio loudspeaker not performing satisfactorily may be returned
to the factory for evaluation. Return authorization must rst be obtained by
either calling or writing the factory prior to shipping the component. The factory will pay for return shipping charges only in the event that the loudspeaker is
found to be defective as mentioned above. There are other stipulations that may
apply to shipping charges.
There is no other express warranty on this loudspeaker. Neither this warranty
nor any other warranty, express or implied, including any implied warranties of
merchantability or tness, shall extend beyond the warranty period. No responsibility is assumed for any incidental or consequential damages. Some states do
not allow limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts and other states do
not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, so
the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you.
This warranty gives you specic legal rights, and you may also have other rights
which vary from state to state. This warranty is applicable in North America
only. Outside of North America, please contact your local, authorized Wisdom
Audio distributor for warranty and service information.
18
Obtaining Service
We take great pride in our dealers. Experience, dedication, and integrity make
these professionals ideally suited to assist with our customers’ service needs.
If your Wisdom Audio loudspeaker must be serviced, please contact your
dealer. Your dealer will then decide whether the problem can be remedied locally, or whether to contact Wisdom Audio for further service information or
parts, or to obtain a Return Authorization. The Wisdom Audio Service Department works closely with your dealer to solve your service needs expediently.
Important! Return authorization must be obtained from Wisdom Audio’s Service
Department BEFORE a unit is shipped for service.
It is extremely important that information about a problem be explicit and com-
plete. A specic, comprehensive description of the problem helps your dealer
and the Wisdom Audio Service Department locate and repair the difculty as
quickly as possible.
A copy of the original bill of sale will serve to verify warranty status. Please include it with the unit when it is brought in for warranty service.
Warning! All returned units must be packaged in their original packaging,
and the proper return authorization numbers must be marked on
the outer carton for identication. Shipping the unit in improper
packaging may void the warranty, as Wisdom Audio cannot be
responsible for the resulting shipping damage.
Your dealer can order a new set of shipping materials for you if you need to
ship your loudspeaker and no longer have the original materials. There will be a
charge for this service. We strongly recommend saving all packing materials in
case you need to ship your unit some day.
If the packaging to protect the unit is, in our opinion or that of our dealer, inadequate to protect the unit, we reserve the right to repackage it for return shipment
at the owner’s expense. Neither Wisdom Audio nor your dealer can be responsible for shipping damage due to improper (that is, non-original) packaging.
19
LS4i Specications
All specications are subject to change at any time, in order to improve the
product.
■ Frequency response: 80Hz – 20 kHz ± 2dB relative to the target curve