WILLTEK 4100 User Manual

Download

Page 1

Series

Willtek 4100

Mobile Phone Tester

GSM 900 n E-GSM n GSM 1800 (PCN) n GSM 1900 (PCS)

Dual band GSM 900+1800

Multiband GSM 900+1800+1900

n GSM 900+1900

User Guide

Manual Version: 0312-341-A

Page 2

Willtek 4100

Designations such as utility names, company names and trade names are not specially indicated in this manual, as they are all widely known. Such names may, however, be the property of companies or other such bodies.

This manual is subject to change at any time without notice. Errors and omis sions excepted.

© 1997 - 2003 Willtek Communications GmbH. All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means (printing, photocopying or any other method) without the express written per mission of Willtek.

Manual layout and text: Redaktion Interpreta, Munich, Germany

1-2

Page 3

Willtek 4100

Chapter 1: GETTING STARTED

Preface ............................1-10

Operating modes ......................1-10

Important instructions ...................1-12

Proper operation ......................1-12

After unpacking .......................1-13

Key functions ........................1-14

Initial startup.........................1-16

Attaching the power supply unit ..............1-16

Start menu .........................1-16

Chapter 2: SETUP

Basic settings.........................2-2

Contrast ...........................2-2

Language ..........................2-3

Printer ............................2-4

Date and time ........................2-5

Header ............................2-6

PC interface .........................2-7

Choose the protocol .....................2-8

Sound ............................2-9

Self check..........................2-10

Accessing the menus ....................2-10

System information .....................2-10

Printer test .........................2-11

Keyboard test ........................2-12

Display test .........................2-12

Internal test .........................2-13

Preparing the tests .....................2-14

Installing the test SIM....................2-14

Background information: SIM................2-15

Attaching the test unit....................2-16

Connection via antenna ..................2-16

Points in favor .......................2-16

Points to note .......................2-16

Connection .........................2-17

Connection via the Universal Antenna Coupler ......2-18

Points to note ........................2-18

Connection .........................2-18

Cable-based connection ..................2-19

Points to note .......................2-19

Connection .........................2-19

1-3

Page 4

Willtek 4100

Chapter 3: AUTOTEST

Overview ............................3-2

The influence of the user...................3-2

Running an AUTOTEST ...................3-3

A Standard AUTOTEST is carried out as follows ......3-4

Be prepared for input breaks.................3-4

When an AUTOTEST aborts.................3-4

The input breaks of a Standard AUTOTEST.........3-5

Lifting a tester block .....................3-6

Results of the AUTOTEST .................3-7

AUTOTEST PASSED ....................3-7

What to do if you are in doubt ................3-7

Softkey functions.......................3-7

AUTOTEST FAILED .....................3-8

Fault analysis ........................3-8

Sample AUTOTEST log (excerpt) .............3-10

Evaluating stored AUTOTESTs..............3-11

Selecting a stored log....................3-11

Softkey functions ......................3-12

Available capacity for storing AUTOTESTs ........3-12

Downloading logs to a PC .................3-12

Entering test parameters .................3-13

1. Assigning a name to a record ..............3-14

2. Selecting the radio system ................3-15

3. Selecting the connection type ..............3-15

4. Selecting the AUTOTEST ................3-16

At least one AUTOTEST ..................3-16

Background: AUTOTEST..................3-17

Standard AUTOTESTs ...................3-17

User-defined AUTOTESTs .................3-18

5. Channel selection ....................3-19

6. Entering compensation values ..............3-20

Background: signal attenuation...............3-20

Effect of the connection type ................3-21

Determining compensation values .............3-22

Cable-based connection ..................3-22

Universal Antenna Coupler .................3-22

Copying records ......................3-24

1-4

Chapter 4: FAULT FIND

Overview ............................4-2

The mode for experts ....................4-2

Accessing FAULT FIND mode ................4-3

Access with the Willtek 4107S ................4-3

Page 5

Willtek 4100

FAULT FIND test preparation ...............4-4

Selecting the radio system .................4-4

Special considerations for dual-band systems........4-5

Special features of multiband systems............4-6

Testing multiband mobile phones ..............4-6

Selecting channels/RF power ................4-7

Entering channel numbers ..................4-7

Setting the RF power ....................4-8

Compensating for signal attenuation.............4-9

Compensation values ....................4-9

Installing the test SIM....................4-10

Connecting the mobile phone ...............4-10

This is what is tested ....................4-11

Test 1.0: Network identification and registration .....4-12

Problems with registration .................4-13

Problem solving.......................4-13

Test 2.0: MS CALL connection setup ..........4-14

Test 3.0: BS CALL connection setup ..........4-15

Test 4.0: Messages and measurements ........4-16

Test 4.1: Changing the voice channel ...........4-22

Test 4.2: Reducing the RF power (from the tester) ....4-23

Test 4.3: Changing power levels ..............4-24

Test 4.4: Clear down on the mobile phone ........4-25

Test 4.5: Clear down on the tester .............4-26

Test 5.0: Measuring the bit and frame error rate ......4-27

Test 6.0: Checking mobile phone identification .....4-29

Test 7.0: Speech testing ..................4-32

Test 8.0: Cell Broadcast test ...............4-34

Chapter 5: Additional Features

Introduction ..........................5-2

Additional features ......................5-2

Asynchronous Mode ....................5-3

Preparation and starting ...................5-4

Changing bands on multiband devices ..........5-5

Emission of a carrier signal .................5-5

Test results in Asynchronous Mode .............5-6

Remote Control........................5-8

Preparation..........................5-8

Starting remote mode ....................5-8

Special characters in SCPI .................5-9

SCPI syntax .........................5-9

Abbreviations ........................5-9

Command indicators .....................5-9

1-5

Page 6

Willtek 4100

Composite commands ...................5-10

Parameters .........................5-10

Text .............................5-10

Numeric...........................5-10

Boolean ...........................5-11

Queries ...........................5-11

Result formats .......................5-11

Query ............................5-11

Settings and queries ....................5-12

Multiple measurement ...................5-12

Compatibility ........................5-12

SCPI command sets ....................5-13

Sample program ......................5-52

Quick reference .......................5-54

Chapter 6: APPENDIX

Technical data ........................6-2

Interfaces ...........................6-3

HD sub-26 socket ......................6-3

Mini-DIN socket .......................6-4

TNC socket .........................6-4

Printing.............................6-5

This is what you can print ..................6-5

Printer requirements .....................6-5

Connecting a printer .....................6-5

Testing the printer ......................6-6

Troubleshooting .......................6-6

Data transfer between the tester and the PC ......6-8

Where can I get the software? ................6-8

Installing the software ....................6-8

Preparation..........................6-9

The Program window ....................6-10

No data transfer? ......................6-11

Error messages.......................6-11

Performing a firmware update ...............6-12

Abortion during an update .................6-13

Copying MS TYPE records .................6-14

Exporting an MS TYPE list to PC..............6-14

Importing an MS TYPE list from the PC ..........6-15

Exporting test logs .....................6-16

Export options .......................6-16

Examples of exported test logs ...............6-20

Importing AUTOTESTs ...................6-21

Command line parameters .................6-23

General notes........................6-24

1-6

Page 7

Willtek 4100

Upgrading your model ..................6-25

On-site upgrade or service centre?.............6-25

Updating the firmware ...................6-26

This is how to get your update package ..........6-26

To update you will need these ...............6-27

Contents of the update package ..............6-27

Performing the update ...................6-27

The code used in log listings ...............6-28

Troubleshooting ......................6-33

Willtek 4100 Timeline....................6-35

Accessories and options .................6-38

Standard accessories ...................6-38

Extra accessories .....................6-38

Options ...........................6-39

RF adapters ........................6-40

Overview GSM threshold values .............6-41

1-7

Page 8

Willtek 4100

1-8

Page 9

Willtek 4100

GETTING

STARTED

1-9

Page 10

Preface Willtek 4100

Preface

Thank you for choosing a model in the Willtek 4100 series. The equipment will give you valuable assistance in functional testing and troubleshooting on GSM mobile phones.

Model Frequency band Network

GSM 900/1800/1900 Single band

Willtek 4107 Willtek 4107L Willtek 4107S

0,9/1,8/1,9 GHz

Willtek 4107S The Willtek 4107S offers a number of additional

features compared with the Willtek 4107 (see chapter 5 for details). The S version can be identified by the type label and the model name in the start menu.

Willtek 4107L Special inexpensive model only available bundled with

other products (eg 4192 GSM Phone Checker software). The same range of functions as the Willtek 4107, except that FAULT FIND mode is not available. This model can, however, be remotely controlled (see chapter 5). Please contact our Sales department for details.

E-GSM Single band GSM 900+1800 Dual band

GSM 900+1900 Dual band GSM 900+1800+1900 Multiband

1-10

Operating modes

[AUTOTEST] Fast and accurate full testing of a mobile phone with an

overall assessment of PASSED (mobile phone OK) or FAILED (mobile phone defective). Largely automatic testing requiring no system expertise on the part of the user.

[FAULT_FIND] Operating mode for error location on defective mobile

phones (not available for Willtek 4107L). Selective performance of individual tests. Displays measurements for assessment by experienced users.

Page 11

Willtek 4100 Preface

This User Guide is applicable to all models in the Willtek 4100 series. The generic name 4100 is used

Do you speak English? The testers have a display which can show text either

whenever the Guide refers to features which are not specific to a particular model.

in English or in some other language. This Guide assumes that you have selected English, in which case the illustrations and instructions will match up with what you see on your tester's display.

If some other language is selected, the Guide and the display no longer match up. In that case either translate what the Guide says into the other language or switch the language to English for a short period (see also page 2-3).

1-11

Page 12

Important instructions Willtek 4100

Important instructions

Proper operation

AC power Permissible line voltage: 100 V through 240 V

(AC voltage; 47 Hz through 63 Hz). The power supply unit automatically adapts to the line voltage.

Use for intended purpose only Use your Willtek 4100 only for its intended purpose for

function testing and repairs on the radio telephones of a GSM mobile radio system.

Ambient conditions Store and operate your Willtek 4100 only in a dry and

dust-free environment. Operate your Willtek 4100 only in the permissible temperature range of 15 °C through 35 °C. Observe the permissible storage temperatures (see Appendix: Technical data).

Breakable display Do not press down on the display.

Air circulation Keep the air vents free of obstruction.

Electromagnetic compatibility The device emits RF radiation. For this reason, do not

operate it in EMC-sensitive environments if this might result in danger (e.g. when traveling in automobiles or during flights). The EMC and Safety directives to which the device conforms are listed in the Declaration of EU Conformity (see Chapter 6).

Do not open Do not make technical modifications to the device or its

accessories. Do not open the device. There are no parts inside it which require maintenance or disposal. Do not open the device, otherwise you will lose your claim to warranty.

Original accessories only Use original accessories only.

No solvents Do not use agents which contain solvents to clean the

equipment casing.

1-12

Page 13

Willtek 4100 Important instructions

Handling Avoid the following during operation and storage:

- strong direct sunlight

- vibrations, heavy impacts

- ingress of liquids or small objects into the device

- bending of the RF adapter cable

- contamination of the electrical contacts

After unpacking

Do not throw the packaging of your Willtek 4100 away.

It will make shipment easier if you want to have your model upgraded later (see also page 6-25).

Check that the delivery is complete:

Standard items supplied

M 101 2XX 1x M 860 188 1 x Test SIM, plug-in format M 295 012 1 x Getting Started manual M 897 055 1 x CD with User Guide in PDF format M 860 105 1 x Power supply unit with power cord and connecting

M 860 409 1 x RF adapter cable

Willtek 4100

cable

Options/extra accessories For a list of useful options and extra accessories refer

to Chapter 6.

Check that the unit is undamaged:

Do not attempt to operate a WIlltek 4100 if there is obvious damage to the device, the power

supply unit or the accessories. Retain the packaging and contact the office who supplied the equipment.

1-13

Page 14

Important instructions Willtek 4100

Key functions

The cursor keys have two functions: selecting menu items

when entering numbers/letters: moving to the required

location

{F1} {F2} {F3} Softkeys: The current function of a key is assigned by

the currently visible menu. If no such assignment has been made, the softkey is irrelevant.

1-14

Page 15

Willtek 4100 Important instructions

[AUTOTEST] Switches to AUTOTEST mode (quick test of mobile

phones)

[FAULT_FIND] Switches to FAULT FIND mode (troubleshooting – not

available for Willtek 4107L)

[TEST_RESULTS] Displays a list of AUTOTEST logs you have stored (e.g.

if you want to print a certain log)

[ENTER] The [ENTER] key has three functions:

confirming input

opening a submenu

launching a program

{1abc]...[9__yz} The number-and-letter keys have the following

functions: entering the numbers 1 through 9 (e.g. phone numbers)

l l entering the letters A through Z (e.g. comments)

[0_space_] Enters the digit 0 or a space

[ESCAPE] The [ESCAPE] key has two functions:

returning to the next menu up

aborting the current test

[SETUP] Calls the setup menu (for basic parameter settings

such as language and contrast)

[HELP] Calls up brief explanations of the currently visible menu

On/off button

1-15

Page 16

Initial startup Willtek 4100

Initial startup

All you need to do to start up your Willtek 4100 the first time round is connect it to the power via the accompanying power supply unit.

Attaching the power supply unit

! Plug the 8-pin connector coming from the power supply

unit into the matching socket on your Willtek 4100.

When plugging the connector into the socket, be sure to observe the mechanical coding on the

socket and the connector. If these do not match, the connector will not fit into the socket. Do not use force! Use only the original power supply unit.

Attach power supply unit here

Start menu of the Willtek 4107S.

" Connect the power supply unit to the wall power outlet.

§ Press the on/off button to switch your Willtek 4100 on.

n Start menu

Immediately after being switched on, the Willtek 4100 briefly displays an initialization menu (in this period among other things the operability of the device is checked).

The tester is fitted with a maintenance-free fan in order to keep the semiconductor components cool. The level of noise produced by the fan is normal.

Once you see the start menu (picture on left), the device is ready for use.

The first time you start up the device, you should at this point press the [SETUP] key to adapt the basic configuration of your Willtek 4100 to match your specific requirements (see Chapter 2).

1-16

Page 17

Willtek 4100

SETUP

2-1

Page 18

Basic settings Willtek 4100

Basic settings

Contrast

[SETUP]

As a rule, the basic settings need only be configured once during initial startup. A powerful capacitor ensures that the settings and the stored test result are preserved when your Willtek 4100 is off.

The tester should be on for about 4 hours at

least every 14 days (for capacitor charging) to ensure that no data is lost.

[SETUP] + Adjust contrast + [ENTER]

To adjust the readability of the display to the ambient conditions.

! Using the cursor keys, alter the contrast to produce

optimum readability from the normal viewing angle.

" Return with [ESCAPE].

2-2

Page 19

Willtek 4100 Basic settings

Language

[SETUP] + Language + [ENTER]

To select the language in which the display shows text.

! Select one of the languages offered using the cursor

keys.

" Confirm your selection with [ENTER].

§ Return with [ESCAPE].

The languages currently offered are English,

German, Italian and French. Other languages are being prepared, and these will be made available in the form of a firmware update (see page 6-26).

2-3

Page 20

Basic settings Willtek 4100

Printer

Press the {PRINT} key to print a test page using the current settings (see also page 6-6).

Example of page length

Lines per page = 59 Free lines at top = 9 Nine lines will remain blank at the top of the page. This means that a total of 50 lines will be available on each page for the test results (59 - 9). Whether these will fill the entire page or not depends to a large extent on the font settings on the printer, since the Willtek 4100 just outputs the characters.

The way in which the characters appear on the paper (font, size, line feeds) is determined by the printer on the basis of the settings made on the printer. This means that you can only change the appearance of the test results by changing the printer's settings.

[SETUP] + Printer + [ENTER]

To select a printer for outputting test results.

! Using the cursor keys, select the manufacturer of your

printer (EPSON or HP). Printers from other manufacturers can also be used, provided that they have an HP or Epson emulation available. Select ASCII if your printer is neither Epson nor HP-compatible.

All printers which do not require the use of a

driver under DOS can be used directly. More recent Windows printers are therefore generally unsuitable. Printers of this type can, however, be used to print exported test logs from the PC (see page 6-16).

" Confirm your selection with [ENTER].

Setting the page length

The value you specify for Lines per page determines the number of printed lines per page (including blank lines at the top of the page) when you print test results. Once this number of lines is reached on the printout, the tester issues a form feed. The specification you make for Free lines at top sets the number of blank lines at the top of the page (if, for instance you want to avoid overwriting a letter header).

! Move to the entry fields with the cursor keys, enter the

required value and confirm every entry with [ENTER].

" Return with [ESCAPE].

For information on connecting a printer to your

Willtek 4100 and on printing test results, refer to page 6-5.

2-4

Page 21

Willtek 4100 Basic settings

Date and time

Changes to the date format are reflected by swapping of the first two values in the "Date" line.

Each time you confirm a setting you can either go on to configure another setting or press [ESCAPE] to quit the menu.

[SETUP] + Date and time + [ENTER]

To set the date and time (shown on the start menu and printed on test results).

Date format

! Using the cursor keys, select the date format you

require (shown at the bottom of the display):

DD/MM/YY = day/month/year MM/DD/YY = month/day/year

" Confirm your selection with [ENTER].

Time

! Using the cursor keys, select the "Time" line. " Enter the current time in 24-hour format (comparable to

entering a 6-digit number on a pocket calculator). Example: 10:32 Input: 103200

§ Confirm your input with [ENTER].

Date

! Using the cursor keys, select the "Date" line. " Enter the current date in the selected date format

(comparable to entering a 6-digit number on a pocket calculator). Example: June 14, 1997 Input: 140697 or 061497

§ Confirm your input with [ENTER].

Return with [ESCAPE].

2-5

Page 22

Basic settings Willtek 4100

Header

Example {1_abc]

Repeated pressing of the {1_abc] key causes the following characters to be entered at the cursor position:

1st press = A 2nd press = B 3rd press = C 4th press = 1 5th press = A 6th press = B

etc.

[SETUP] + User definitions + [ENTER]

To enter the text that you want to appear in the header on printed tested reports (e.g. user/company).

! Using the cursor keys, select the required input line. " Enter text letter by letter (digits are also acceptable)

using the keys on the numeric keypad. Repeated pressing of a number key first displays all the letters assigned to that key and then the digit:

Automatic text entry: Avoid pauses between

–

selecting characters. If you pause for more than approx. 1 second between selecting two characters, the character currently visible is used and the cursor moves to the next entry position.

– Corrections: Use the left or right cursor key to

position onto the incorrect character and then overwrite the character.

–

Use the [0_space] key to enter spaces.

§ Confirm your input with [ENTER]. $ Using the cursor keys, move to the second input line

and enter text – or return with [ESCAPE].

2-6

Page 23

Willtek 4100 Basic settings

PC interface

Why data communication?

Setting up a data communication link between a PC and your Willtek 4100 is

not difficult, but it can be really useful! For example, you are able to download the latest firmware versions from the Internet, and feed them into your Willtek 4100, or selectively

upload user-specific AUTOTESTs and limit values that are geared to specific models of mobile phone. Willtek also has the right software for your data communication requirements (some of which are optionally available).

[SETUP] + Serial port + [ENTER]

To set the baud rate (bit/s) for serial data communication between PC and Willtek 4100, and to select the type of communication line.

! Using the cursor keys, select the required baud rate.

The higher the baud rate, the shorter the transmission time. On older PCs it may be necessary to select one of the lower rates to ensure error-free data transmission. Further data communication parameters are permanently set (in the background) to:

8 data bits – no parity – 1 stop bit

" Confirm your selection with [ENTER].

§ If you are using one of the original cables for serial data

communications (extra accessories: Serial adapter cable or Universal adapter cable), please select the entry Normal under RXTX lines using the cursor keys. If you are using other cables (e.g. extension cables), lines RXD and TXD can be crossed (Pin 2 and Pin 3, see also page 6-3). In this case, please select Crossed.

$ Confirm your selection with [ENTER]. % Return with [ESCAPE].

The values set for the serial interface (COM port)

on the PC must be the same as those set on the Willtek 4100. If the PC also asks you about the (transmission) protocol, the (transmission) protocol, select "NONE". For instructions on setting the baud rate of the serial interfaces (RS-232-C) and the other parameters on your PC, refer to the manual for your operating system (DOS, Windows 3.xx, Windows 95).

2-7

Page 24

Basic settings Willtek 4100

Choose the protocol

When a tester is under remote control, the transfer protocol ensures error free transfer of data between the PC and the tester (handshaking). You can choose between one software protocol and one hardware protocol (Willtek 4107S only).

X-ON / X-OFF Choose this software protocol if the

RTS and CTS lines are missing in the cable connecting the PC and the tester (see also page 6-3).

RTS / CTS If you are using a fully-wired cable (ori

ginal Willtek accessories), you should choose this fast hardware protocol in preference to the slower software protocol.

On the PC, the same protocol must be set for the

serial interface (COM port) used as for the Willtek 4107S.

The protocol you set only takes effect when the tester is under remote control and does not interfere with data transfer using other protocols (e.g. when loading a firmware update).

2-8

Page 25

Willtek 4100 Basic settings

Sound

[SETUP] + Sound + [ENTER]

Enable or disable the sounds used by the Willtek 4100 to signal special operating status (e.g. when a key is pressed, when an error occurs or when the device is ready).

! Using the cursor keys, select the required setting.

None Sounds are always active. On Autotest Sounds are deactivated during an

AUTOTEST.

All Sounds Sounds are always deactivated.

" Confirm your selection with [ENTER]

2-9

Page 26

Basic settings Willtek 4100

Self check

[SETUP] + Self check + [ENTER]

The Willtek 4100 checks its hardware modules and indicates whether they are working correctly. It also displays information on the version status of individual modules.

Accessing the menus

Once you see the SELF CHECK menu on the display, access to the submenus always follows the same pattern:

! Use the cursor keys to select the menu you require. " Confirm your selection with [ENTER]. The display then

shows the menu you have selected. On some menus you can then use softkeys to start self checks.

§ Return with [ESCAPE].

System information

[SETUP] + Self check + [ENTER] + System info + [ENTER]

The SYSTEM INFORMATION menu shows the following information:

–

the serial number of the tester

–

the model number

–

the firmware version number

–

the date and time of the creation of the firmware at Willtek

–

details relating to the hardware level of the device

2-10

Please have the information on this menu

ready when contacting Willtek for product support (Press {PRINT} to start printing the menu).

Page 27

Willtek 4100 Basic settings

Printer test

[SETUP] + Self check + [ENTER] + Printer test + [ENTER]

To test the printer.

! Attach your Willtek 4100 (26-pin socket) to the printer,

typically using the Universal adapter cable (extra accessory).

" Press {PRINT} to start the printer test.

If your printer outputs the three lines shown on the left,

test results will also be printed correctly. Please refer to page 6-5 if the printer does not respond

or responds incorrectly.

§ Return with [ESCAPE].

2-11

Page 28

Basic settings Willtek 4100

Keyboard test

[SETUP] + Self check + [ENTER] + Keyboard test + [ENTER]

To test the keypad.

When you call this menu, the keyboard test starts automatically.

! Press all the keys on your Willtek 4100 in succession.

If the display reports the designation of the key you

press, the key is OK. Numbers are written out (e.g. FIVE).

If the display does not acknowledge a keypress, the

key is defective (e.g. corroded contacts following ingress of liquid). In this case consult your sales partner.

" Return with [ESCAPE].

Display test

[SETUP] + Self check + [ENTER] + Display test + [ENTER]

To test the liquid crystal display.

When you call this menu, the display test starts automatically.

The display is divided into two areas which alternate between white, gray and black. These areas should show no obvious dots or stripes.

If, for instance, you can see black dots or stripes in a white area, the display is faulty. In this case, consult your local Willtek sales office or authorized Distributor.

2-12

Return with [ESCAPE].

Page 29

Willtek 4100 Basic settings

Internal test

[SETUP] + Self check + [ENTER] + Internal test + [ENTER]

To run an internal test on important modules and supply voltages.

! Press the {ONESHOT} softkey to start a single test run or

{CONT.} to start continuous testing (press {STOP} to

abort). PASS indicates that a test has been passed, FAIL reports an error. With continuous testing, the

number of tests carried out and the total number of errors detected are also reported.

Errors reported by tests may also be due to external

factors (such as major glitches in the line voltage). In such cases repeat the test. If the errors recur, consult your sales partner.

" Return with [ESCAPE]. Use {STOP} to abort continuous

testing first.

2-13

Page 30

Preparing the tests Willtek 4100

Preparing the tests

Preparations are identical for the tests in AUTOTEST and FAULT FIND modes. They involve only two steps:

insertion of the test SIM in the test unit,

connection of the test unit to your Willtek 4100.

Installing the test SIM

Make sure that you insert the test SIM in the mobile phone before carrying out an AUTOTEST. This is because during the test, the Willtek 4100 will attempt to perform measurements which are not generally permitted by original SIMs. The test SIM is not absolutely necessary for FAULT FIND mode, although it is useful.

! Make sure the mobile phone is switched off.

2-14

Observe the equipment manufacturer's handling instructions.

" Replace the original SIM with the test SIM. Plug-in

SIMs are usually hidden behind a small flap that you see when you take out the battery.

Page 31

Willtek 4100 Preparing the tests

Do not forget to remove the test SIM before returning an intact mobile phone. With the test SIM in the phone, the customer will no longer be able to check into a radio network; so even though the phone is intact, it will be of no use to the customer.

Background information: SIM

The Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) contains the subscriber identity code and is an exchangeable component of any mobile phone. If there is no SIM, it is not possible to set up a connection (except for emergency calls). Some mobiles use smartcard-style SIMs (full size), while others use the plug-in format.

A full-size SIM (top) and a plug-in SIM.

Please note that the SIM card has an embedded chip and the contacts to this can become

damaged with repeated flexing or a very large number of insertions and removals from a mobile phone.

2-15

Page 32

Preparing the tests Willtek 4100

Attaching the test unit

A WIlltek 4100 supports three methods of attaching a mobile phone for testing:

wireless connection via antenna (extra accessory).

connection via the Universal Antenna Coupler (extra

accessory). Cable-based connection via RF adapter cable and an

RF adapter which matches the phone (extra accessory).

Connection via antenna

n Points in favor

max. approx. 50 cm

Very quick to set up.

Any GSM mobile phone can be tested.

The entire RF signal path of the phone is tested

(antenna included).

No RF adapter required.

Wireless connection of the test unit via antenna. The orientation of the two antennas to each other is of no particular significance.

2-16

n Points to note

Some tests call for clearly defined conditions (accurately known RF input level at the radio's antenna input). With a wireless connection, these particular test values cannot be correctly measured (refer also to page 3-17).

In order to keep RF signal attenuation in the space between the devices to within reasonable bounds, the distance between the tester and the mobile phone must not exceed 50 cm.

Make sure that no conductive objects are lying between the tester and the mobile phone (screening effect). The two devices must not be placed on a conductive surface.

Nearby base stations of a GSM mobile radio network may cause the test results to be distorted.

Page 33

Willtek 4100 Preparing the tests

The radio is likely to get registered into a public mobile

radio network (unintentionally). Additional measures must be taken at the start of a test run to ensure that this does not happen.

Connection

Select the correct antenna for the mobile radio system (extra accessory, see also page 6-38) which matches the mobile phone frequency range and secure it to the TNC connection of your Willtek 4100 by tightening the coupling ring.

Do not use the wrong antenna, as this will falsify

the results of the test. The antenna for GSM 900/E-GSM mobile phones has an overall length of around 165 mm (6.5") and has two yellow rings at the end. The antenna for GSM 1800/1900 mobile phones is around 229 mm (9") in length and no rings at all.

TNC connection

on Willtek 4100

2-17

Page 34

Preparing the tests Willtek 4100

Connection via the Universal Antenna Coupler

Points in favor

The Universal Antenna Coupler is suitable for all radio systems (GSM, PCN, PCS). It combines most of the benefits of wireless connection via antenna with those of cable-based connection. The more precisely defined test conditions mean that measurements and tests which were too inaccurate with the simple antenna connection method are more reliable (refer also to page 3-17).

Points to note

The Universal Antenna Coupler can also react to changes in the environmental conditions (such as the proximity of a hand). Precision measurements can therefore still only be performed with a cable-based connection. RF interference from nearby base stations can also create problems.

The important feature with the Universal Antenna Coupler is that mobile phones of the same type are always placed in exactly the same position in the clamp.

2-18

n Connection

Connect the Universal Antenna Coupler to the Willtek 4100 with the RF adapter cable supplied.

Release the jaws of the clamp by pressing small button and insert the mobile phone in such a way that its display points to the Willtek logo and the housing touches the bottom restraint (see the figure lefthand). Press the jaws of the clamp together firmly.

Make sure that mobile phones of one type are

always mounted in exactly the same position. Only in this way can constant test conditions and appropriate test results be guaranteed. If you select an automatic start for an AUTOTEST, you must observe any special instructions for the test which may appear (e.g. fully extend the antenna or check size of battery pack).

Page 35

Willtek 4100 Preparing the tests

Cable-based connection

Points in favor

RF adapter with cable coupling guarantees a set of

defined testing conditions. That means that all tests produce results which can be correctly evaluated against specifications.

As all the tests are suitable for evaluation, the

PASS/FAIL evaluation is more broadly based than with wireless connection.

It is not possible for the test unit to (unintentionally)

base stations.

n Points to note

Test preparation takes longer.

Only mobile phones which have an RF connection

socket can be tested with this method.

Defects in the mobile phone's antenna circuit are not detected.

Cable-based connection of the test unit is the ideal choice for precision measurements.

n Connection

Select the RF adapter (extra accessory) which matches the mobile phone (see also page 6-40). First securely attach the RF adapter cable (1.5 m) to the TNC connection on the Willtek 4100 and to the RF adapter. Then attach the mobile phone to the RF adapter. Use original equipment only (otherwise you may risk false readings).

When attaching the RF adapter, take great care with the alignment of the contacts. Do not use

force. If an adapter does not fit properly, you may have chosen the wrong one. Make sure that there is good contact on all plug-in connections (loose contacts lead to errors in test results).

2-19

Page 36

Willtek 4100

AUTOTEST

3-1

Page 37

Overview Willtek 4100

Overview

An AUTOTEST performs a series of different measurements largely automatically. By comparing its measurements with stored target values, the Willtek 4100 detects faults in the mobile phone. The tolerances allowed with respect to the target values are used to decide PASS or FAIL of each measurement.

At the end of the AUTOTEST, an overall evaluation of PASSED or FAILED is derived from the evaluations of the individual tests.

AUTOTEST

Testing without stress

A group of test parameters can be assigned to any model of mobile phone and then stored. Once the parameters have been stored for a given model, these preparatory steps are no longer required if a further test is carried out on the same model. The AUTOTEST can be started immediately. In these cases, the two steps of preparing and running an AUTOTEST are totally separate. The advantage is that the two tasks can be carried out at different times and by people with different levels of expertise.

PASSED The mobile phone is within the tolerances, and is in full

FAILED The mobile phone is outside the tolerances. The test

working order. There is no need for further measurements in FAULT FIND mode.

unit is defective. Further measurements in FAULT FIND mode can be used to identify the cause of the fault (not available for Willtek 4107L).

n The influence of the user

Depending on the model, each Willtek 4100 incorporates at least one standard AUTOTEST as supplied from the factory. In addition, it is possible to read in user-defined AUTOTESTs. The user of a Willtek 4100 cannot change the installed AUTOTEST program, but can change the test parameters (selection of channels, compensation of RF pre-attenuation etc.). This allows local GSM channel conflicts and model-specific RF measurement errors to be eliminated. The AUTOTEST thus provides a reliable evaluation of the mobile phone being tested.

Using the programming option "Utility Software" the user can create user-defined AUTOTESTs, including number, sequence or evaluation of the tests.

3-2

Page 38

Willtek 4100 Running an AUTOTEST

Running an AUTOTEST

An AUTOTEST is always started in the same way: First call the MS TYPE menu, then select the entry which best matches the test unit.

The more accurately an entry in the list characterizes a model, the less risk there is of making an error. The softkey has no significance when starting AUTOTESTs (if it is pressed by accident, you can return to the MS TYPE menu by pressing [ESCAPE]).

Be very careful to select the entry which matches the test unit exactly. It is possible that there are a num ber of entries for a single model. This can occur, for instance, if the test unit is to be connected via the Universal Antenna Coupler and dif ferent battery packs are available for this model. Since the thickness of the battery pack has a consider able influence on the measure ments, it is quite common for there to be a number of different entries for a model in a case of this type.

[AUTOTEST]

! With the cursor keys, select from the list exactly the

model you want to test (for details on adding a model to the list, refer to page 3-13ff). A Willtek 4100 can store up to 100 records of this type. Fast search function: pressing a number key repeatedly immediately places the cursor on the first entries which start with the letters assigned to the key (for instance, {7_stu] places the cursor alternately on the first entry beginning with S, T or U).

" Switch off the mobile phone and install the test SIM

(refer to page 2-14). If the name of the model as shown in the list already indicates the type of connection, then connect the test unit as indicated (refer to page 2-16).

AUTOTEST only returns correct results if the appropriate connection is used (antenna, coupler

or cable).

§ Start AUTOTEST by pressing [ENTER], switch on the

mobile phone and wait until the display on the mobile phone shows the receiving signal strength or the ID of the test network (11 or 00101). Now follow the instructions on the display of the Willtek 4100. If the

required connection type has not been clear up to now, it should be indicated at this point at the latest.

3-3

Page 39

Running an AUTOTEST Willtek 4100

A Standard AUTOTEST is carried out as follows

The following description applies exclusively to the standard

Start

1st Input break

(MS CALL)

2nd Input break

(RELEASE)

3rd Input break

(BS CALL)

AUTOTEST, as this is the only test for which a binding and pre-specified format exists. User-defined AUTOTESTs are the sole responsibility of the programmers who created them. They may resemble the standard AUTOTEST in many ways, or differ quite considerably.

Be prepared for input breaks

A standard AUTOTEST will be interrupted some times by breaks in processing, during which the Willtek 4100

prompts you on its display to perform a certain action. The device waits as long as is necessary for you to respond (no time limit). The message ACTIVE displayed on the screen means that your Willtek 4100 is busy with the AUTOTEST and is not expecting an input from you.

3-4

4th Input break

(Speech test)

Result

n When an AUTOTEST aborts

If you are quick with your inputs, a standard AUTOTEST takes around 1 minute. If the message AUTOTEST FAILED appears much earlier than this, it is likely that a serious error has occurred which is preventing further messages from being issued. An error of this nature (e.g. during connection setup) will result in the AUTOTEST aborting.

You can find out precisely which error led to the AUTOTEST aborting by using the tester's error analysis routine (see page 3-8).

If an AUTOTEST aborts with a message that there is not enough main memory left, you will need to delete some or all of the stored AUTOTESTs before running another test (see page 3-12).

Press [ESCAPE] to cancel an AUTOTEST you have started.

Page 40

Willtek 4100 Running an AUTOTEST

The input breaks of a Standard AUTOTEST

1st input During connection setup (MS CALL), the tester prompts

you to dial a number on the mobile phone.

Do not start to dial before the display on the

mobile phone shows either the receiving signal strength or the ID of the test network (11 or

00101).

Dial 1234567890 on the mobile phone (note the

order!) and then press the button with function "Send". The AUTOTEST now continues.

Dial the number correctly. If you miss any

numbers or enter them in the wrong order, the result of the test will be FAILED!

2nd input Provided the AUTOTEST was not aborted owing to a

problem on the mobile telephone, another break occurs just before the test to see whether a connection has been set up correctly (hang up on mobile phone).

Press the button with function "Disconnect" on the mobile phone (usually a button with a symbol of a "hung-up" receiver). The AUTOTEST continues.

3rd input Provided the AUTOTEST was not aborted owing to a

problem on the mobile telephone, the tester – having again set up a connection (this time BS CALL) – now prompts you to take the call (incoming call from tester).

When the mobile phone rings and/or displays an optical signal, press the button labeled CALL (usually the same as the key function "Call"). The AUTOTEST continues.

3-5

Page 41

Running an AUTOTEST Willtek 4100

4th input Provided the AUTOTEST was not aborted owing to a

problem on the mobile phone, the routine stops for the last time at the speech test. This test does not produce a positive result unless all the AF/RF components in the mobile phone's send and receive paths are in full working order.

Say a single word into the mouthpiece of the phone. If you hear a good quality echo after approx. 1 second, press the {YES} softkey on the tester. If you do not hear anything or if the echo is distorted, press {NO}. When you have pressed one of the two softkeys, the AUTOTEST proceeds without interruption to the end of the routine, where it displays the test results.

n Lifting a tester block

In exceptional cases, defective mobile phones can result in the tester no longer responding in the course of an AUTOTEST. Should this happen, press [ESCAPE] to cancel the test (a delay of up to 30 s is possible before anything happens). If this does not lift the block, switch off the tester briefly) and restart AUTOTEST.

3-6

Page 42

Willtek 4100 Results of the AUTOTEST

Results of the AUTOTEST

At the end of an AUTOTEST, the tester outputs a

AUTOTEST PASSED?

Do not forget to restore the original SIM before returning the mobile phone to the customer. Otherwise the customer will be unable to use the phone and you will not be able to continue testing...

PASS/FAIL assessment for each voice channel tested and the resultant overall assessment of PASSED or FAILED. At the same time, the AUTOTEST log will be

stored in the tester under the ID number shown.

AUTOTEST PASSED

The mobile phone is within the permitted tolerances on all tested channels. The tester has detected no faults. The mobile phone malfunction of which the customer has complained is not attributable to a technical defect in the device.

It is highly likely that the malfunction is due to user error or to bad reception (dead spots). Try to obtain a more detailed description of the problem from the customer.

Evaluate later

Each log is automatically given its own ID number (time, date). You can use this ID in conjunction with [TEST_RESULTS] to find a log at a later point in time, and then print it out (see also page 3-12).

n What to do if you are in doubt

If in doubt, repeat the AUTOTEST on other channels, check that you prepared the test correctly, or switch to FAULT FIND mode to check whether the phone is only just within the allowed tolerances in a number of places (FAULT FIND not available for Willtek 4107L).

Softkey functions

{DELETE} Deletes the log of the AUTOTEST you have just run,

then returns you to the MS TYPE menu.

{REPEAT} Repeats the AUTOTEST you have just run.

{PRINT} Prints a log of the most recent AUTOTEST (see

page 6-5 for general notes on printing).

Return to the MS TYPE menu with [ESCAPE].

3-7

Page 43

Results of the AUTOTEST Willtek 4100

AUTOTEST FAILED

FAILED means that the mobile phone is outside the permitted tolerances on at least one of the tested channels.

Fault analysis

! Use the cursor keys to select one of up to 15 possible

FAIL entries.

" [ENTER] activates the first level of detail display. The

tester here shows the number of the defective channel. The text also gives the assessments of all measurements which are outside the permitted tolerances.

Special case: The detail display of the 15th FAIL entry Following Channels shows an asterisk in place of the

channel number (only possible with user-defined AUTOTESTs). This occurs when more than 14 changes of channel are performed during an AUTOTEST. The detail display for Following Channels then groups together all the errors identified as of the

[ENTER]

[ESCAPE]

14th channel change. In this event, please refer to the test log to assign the errors to the channel numbers.

[ESCAPE]

[ENTER]

First level of detail display Second level of detail display

3-8

Page 44

Willtek 4100 Results of the AUTOTEST

§ If you need more information, select more detail with

the cursor keys.

$ [ENTER] activates the second level of detail display.

The tester now shows the measurements on which the selected assessment is based (including the tolerance band limits).

% [ESCAPE] returns you to the next menu level up.

3-9

Page 45

Results of the AUTOTEST Willtek 4100

Sample AUTOTEST log (excerpt)

Willtek 4100 Mobile Tester Overall Test Result : FAILED

AUTOTEST: GSM Standard (GSM / E-GSM) Test ID : 09:58:42 17.04.97 Mobile connection via : CABLE

IMSI : 001011234567890 IMEI : 490125513271390 MS Power Class : 4 (33 dBm) Revision level : Phase 1 Extended freq. : NO SMS : YES A5 : 1

Pre attenuation : 1.5 dB RF output -60.0 dBm Broadcast channel 63 Traffic channel 3 Power level 9 (25dBm)

Call from Mobile PASS

Dialled number PASS 1234567890 (1234567890)

Mobile release PASS

Broadcast channel 63 Traffic channel 27 Power level 5 (33dBm)

Call from Basestation PASS

Power Time template PASS TX power PASS 35.1 dBm (29.0 - 37.0 dBm) RMS phase PASS 3.63 deg (0.00 - 8.50 deg) Peak phase PASS 9.68 deg (0.00 - 23.50 deg) Freq. error PASS 12 Hz (-140 - 140 Hz) Burst length PASS 559 us ( 543 - 563 us) RX level FAIL * 63 ( 45 - 55) RX quality PASS 0 ( 0 - 0) RF output -80.0 dBm Power level 9 (25dBm) Power Time template PASS TX power PASS 26.9 dBm (20.0 - 30.0 dBm) RMS phase PASS 2.52 deg (0.00 - 8.50 deg) Peak phase PASS 7.76 deg (0.00 - 23.50 deg) Freq. error PASS -12 Hz (-140 - 140 Hz) RX level FAIL * 42 ( 25 - 35) RX quality PASS 0 ( 0 - 0) RF output -96.0 dBm BER PASS 0.00 % (0.00 - 0.30 %) RF output -102.0 dBm BER PASS 0.00 % (0.00 - 2.44 %) RF output -80.0 dBm Power level 14 (15dBm)

Traffic channel 123

TX power PASS 18.0 dBm (10.0 - 20.0 dBm) RMS phase PASS 2.58 deg (0.00 - 8.50 deg) Peak phase PASS 8.70 deg (0.00 - 23.50 deg)

3-10

Page 46

Willtek 4100 Evaluating stored AUTOTESTs

Evaluating stored AUTOTESTs

[TEST_RESULTS]

Provided you do not delete it the moment you have finished running the AUTOTEST, a log will be stored in your Willtek 4100 each time an AUTOTEST is run. The tester automatically uses the date and time the AUTOTEST was started as a means of identification (ID). This ID appears at the bottom of each AUTOTEST, and will help you locate a specific log at a later point in time.

n Selecting a stored log

! Press [TEST_RESULTS] to display a list of AUTOTEST

logs you have stored.

" Use the cursor keys to select the ID (AUTOTEST) you

are looking for. A scroll arrow in the left-hand margin indicates that there are more IDs outside the visible area of the window. The [ó] and [®] cursor keys place the cursor bar at the top and bottom of the list respectively.

[TEST_RESULTS] + Select ID + [ENTER]

§ Press [ENTER] to display a profile of the chosen

AUTOTEST log with its significant data. If this is the log you are looking for, you can now either delete it or print it out. Select [ESCAPE] to return to the list.

$ Select [AUTOTEST] or [FAULT_FIND] to return to the

mode you require.

3-11

Page 47

Evaluating stored AUTOTESTs Willtek 4100

Softkey functions

{DELETE} Deletes the AUTOTEST log currently selected (after a

confirmation prompt).

{DEL.ALL} Deletes all stored AUTOTEST logs (after a confirmation

prompt).

{DETAIL} Displays the results of the selected AUTOTEST as

described on pages 3-7 and 3-8 (including access to the detail display). ESCAPE returns you to the TEST RESULTS menu.

{PRINT} Prints the complete log of the AUTOTEST currently

selected (see page 6-5 for general notes about printing).

n Available capacity for storing AUTOTESTs

There is space in the memory for approx. 300 standard AUTOTEST logs. The actual number might be considerably more or less than this in the case of user-defined AUTOTESTs, which can vary in size.

When the memory is full, an error message is issued the next time you attempt to run an AUTOTEST, or while an AUTOTEST is in progress. If this happens, you will need to free some capacity by deleting one or more stored logs.

3-12

Downloading logs to a PC

If you want to avoid losing any logs, or intend to archive logs for statistical evaluation at a later date, it is worthwhile transferring saved logs to a PC (see page 6-16).

Page 48

Willtek 4100 Entering test parameters

Entering test parameters

Correct test parameters are of key importance: On the one hand, they prepare a model-specific AUTOTEST in such a way that it can subsequently be started at the touch of a button. On the other hand, the test parameters can control an AUTOTEST in such a way that the test results do not give errors from either model-specific features or from local GSM channel conflicts.

{DELETE} deletes the marked record from the list. {INSERT} allows you to create a new record. {MODIFY} allows you to edit the marked record.

[AUTOTEST] + {CONFIG}

The MS TYPE menu only shows entries for

which test parameter records have been created.

Entry of the test parameters involves only a few steps, described on the following pages:

Assigning a name to the record

Selecting the radio system and the connection type

Selecting the required AUTOTEST

Entering the channel numbers and the compensation values for RF pre-attenuation

As usual, the [ESCAPE] key returns you to the previous menu while you are entering the test parameters.

Please note that the test parameters are valid

only for the type of mobile phone for which they were entered. Models which vary only in their construction (for example a different battery pack) may need a new set of test parameters to be created. This is particularly true for wireless connections with the Universal Antenna Coupler.

3-13

Page 49

Entering test parameters Willtek 4100

1. Assigning a name to a record

One line is available for the name of the record (shown at the top) and up to four lines are available for user information (shown at the bottom).

If other persons subsequently run AUTOTESTs, you should always provide detailed information. Unclear or incomplete information can lead to an inappropriate AUTOTEST being started. If, for instance, the connection type is not clear without additional information, you should indicate the correct connection type, and it is best to do this in the record name.

[AUTOTEST] + {CONFIG} + {INSERT}

All the test parameters are stored in a single record, which should be provided with a meaningful name (the type of mobile phone for which the parameters are valid). The name subsequently appears in alphabetical order in the MS TYPE menu where it serves to directly start model-specific AUTOTESTs.

In addition, you can enter a longer text which is subsequently displayed immediately before the AUTOTEST is started (for instance user information or advice which is important for correct execution of the test).

! Use the cursor keys to select the required input line. " Enter the text letter by letter (digits are also allowed)

using the keys of the numeric keypad. Automatic text entry also applies here (refer to page 2-6).

§ Press [ENTER] to confirm the text you have entered. $ Use the cursor keys to move to the next input line and

enter text or proceed by pressing {NEXT}.

It should be noted that battery packs of different thicknesses for mobile phones can affect the results. Depending on the model, these can cause considerable fluctuations in the measurements if the Universal Antenna Coupler is used.

3-14

Page 50

Willtek 4100 Entering test parameters

2. Selecting the radio system

[AUTOTEST] + {CONFIG} + {INSERT} + {NEXT}

Select the radio system used by the mobile phone.

! Use the cursor keys to select the required system. " Press [ENTER] to confirm your selection.

3. Selecting the connection type

[AUTOTEST] + {CONFIG} + {INSERT} + {NEXT}

Select the type of connection to be used when the mobile phone is subsequently tested. Refer to page 2-16ff for information on choosing the right connection.

! Use the cursor keys to select the required connection. " Press [ENTER] to confirm your selection.

§ Press {NEXT} to proceed.

3-15

Page 51

Entering test parameters Willtek 4100

4. Selecting the AUTOTEST

At the bottom of this menu only those AUTOTESTs are listed which match the test parameters listed at the top of the display. A Willtek 4107, for example, has at least six AUTOTESTs stored (one standard AUTOTEST for each radio system). Since, however, the "radio system" parameter for the test is in this case 900, the standard AUTOTESTS for the other radio systems do not appear in the list. In our example, however, a further (user-defined) AUTOTEST has passed the filter.

[AUTOTEST] + {CONFIG} + {INSERT} +2x{NEXT}

The top part of this menu shows a summary of the test parameters already set. This is important because the bottom part of the menu does not simply list all the AUTOTESTs stored in your Willtek 4100, but rather lists only those which match the parameters for the radio system and the connection. These two test parameters filter out the matching AUTOTESTs from those which are stored. The following section provides information on the standard AUTOTESTs available ex works. You will have to find the information on the tests and measurements performed by a user-defined AUTOTEST yourself.

! Use the cursor keys to select the required AUTOTEST

which will then be started when the mobile phone is tested.

" Press {NEXT} to proceed.

n At least one AUTOTEST

If the list does not display the AUTOTEST you are expecting, you should first check the two test parameters. The standard AUTOTESTs available ex works (one for each radio system) permit all three possible variants for the connection test parameter. For this reason, the list always shows at least the standard AUTOTEST which matches the radio system test parameter (e.g. GSM Standard). The word Standard always follows the radio system in the names of standard AUTOTESTs.

3-16

Page 52

Willtek 4100 Entering test parameters

Background: AUTOTEST

Any Willtek 4100 can store and run two variants of an AUTOTEST:

Standard AUTOTESTs (installed at the factory)

User-defined AUTOTESTs (using the Utility Software option)

Standard AUTOTESTs

To make the correct choice in selecting AUTOTESTs, you need to know what tests and measurements are carried out during the routine. The table below provides information on all the standard AUTOTESTs (depending on the radio system). Please note the effect of the connection type.

Applies only for standard AUTOTESTs

Test/measurement

RF output power

Bit error ratio (BER)

Frame erasure ratio (FER)

Phase error (RMS/peak)

Frequency error

RX level

RX quality

Power-time template

IMSI/IMEI

Antenna

Keypad

Call to/from mobile phone

Connection release

Audio loopback

Wireless

Antenna Coupler

üü

üüü üüü

üü

üü üüü üü üüü üüü üüü üüü

Cable

ü ü

Depending on the connection type, certain tests are not carried out, either because they are not possible (antenna test for a cable-based connection) or because the result would be unreliable due to external influences.

3-17

Page 53

Entering test parameters Willtek 4100

In all standard AUTOTESTs, PASS/FAIL evaluation of

PASS or FAIL

With standard AUTOTESTs, correct FAIL evaluation requires the GSM limits to be increased by the measurement tolerances caused by physical phenomena. This method is in common practice and means that a mobile phone which lies just outside the GSM limits will be passed. At the same time, it is not possible for a fully functional mobile phone to be failed.

User-defined AUTOTESTs can allow for design-specific features of mobile phones and thus make highly reliable PASS/FAIL decisions.

the test results is based on the limits prescribed by ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) in its official "GSM Recommendations". If, however, measurement tolerances are disregarded, it is possible that a mobile phone which lies just inside the limits may be failed incorrectly. To prevent this from happening, standard AUTOTESTs use slightly larger tolerance windows (GSM limits + measurement tolerance) during evaluation.

Measurement

RF Level ±2.0 dB ±2.0 dB Peak Vector ±1.5 ° ±2.5 ° RMS Vector ±1.5 ° ±2.5 ° Frequency offset ±25 Hz ±50 Hz Burst length ±0 ms ±0 ms RX Sens ±2.0 dB ±2.0 dB

Added Measurement Tolerances

GSM900/E-GSM GSM1800/1900

n User-defined AUTOTESTs

The Utility Software (option 897 110) allows you to create user-defined AUTOTESTs and load them into the Willtek 4100 (see the User Guide for the 4100 Utility Software). Here you can modify the limits governing PASS/FAIL evaluation and the number and order of individual measurements. So-called "question boxes" allow queries or instructions to be directed at the user at any time during the execution of the test. The user must then react to the question box (by pressing a softkey) before the AUTOTEST continues.

3-18

A Willtek 4100 is able to store up to 20 user-defined AUTOTESTs.

Page 54

Willtek 4100 Entering test parameters

5. Channel selection

Low – Middle – High

To ensure that frequency-dependent defects are not hidden, it is advisable to choose three TCH numbers which are evenly spread out across the frequency band.

Multiband only

If, when selecting the radio system, you have already selected a multiband system (dual or triple band), the above menu will be shown two or three times for the entries for each of the bands. {NEXT} takes you to the next band. When you reach the last band, press the {OK} softkey to confirm all the entries you have made and pass the parameters to the tester.

[AUTOTEST] + {CONFIG} + {INSERT} +3x{NEXT}

In this menu, you enter the numbers of the channels which your Willtek 4100 will subsequently use to test the mobile phone. One signaling channel (BCCH) and three voice channels (TCH) are tested.

! Use the cursor keys to select the line you require in the

CHAN column (BCCH, TCH A, TCH B,orTCH C).

" Enter the channel number. Make sure that you do not

enter the same channel number twice.

Permissible channel numbers (BCCH and TCH)

GSM 0001 through 0124

E-GSM 0000 and 0975 through 1023

GSM-R 0955 through 0974

GSM 1800 (PCN) 0512 through 0885 (even numbers only)

GSM 1900 (PCS) 0512 through 0810 (odd numbers only)

§ Press [ENTER] to confirm your input. Invalid channel

numbers are detected and rejected.

$ Select the next channel and repeat the procedure. Do

not leave the menu when you have finished, since the compensation values still have to be entered.

BCCH channel number: to avoid malfunctions

(particularly with wireless connection), do not use the signaling channels of nearby base stations.

3-19

Page 55

Entering test parameters Willtek 4100

6. Entering compensation values

Are you using original Willtek accessories for a cable-based connection? Then you can simply accept the factory settings for the compensation values.

If the cursor is in one of the columns RX or TX, the value at the current cursor position can be copied to all the fields below that field using {COPY}. The {COPY} key only appears if this method of rapidly entering identical values is feasible.

[AUTOTEST] + {CONFIG} + {INSERT} +3x{NEXT}

The last parameters you need to enter are the values used to compensate for RF signal attenuation. To allow correct RF level measurements at different frequencies, this pre-attenuation can be compensated for separately on the RX and TX signal paths for each channel (refer to the section on "Background" for details).

! Use the cursor keys to move to the required input field

(RX or TX).

" Use the number keys to enter the overall attenuation of

the RF signal in decibels. When you start entering a value, the softkey {OK} is assigned the new function {DP} (for entering a decimal point).

§ Press [ENTER] to confirm your entry or use the {COPY}

key.

$ Select the next field and repeat the procedure % Press {OK} to finish entering the test parameters. The

record is saved under the specified name. The MS TYPE menu then appears in the display. Now you can create another record for a different model of mobile phone.

Incorrect compensation values (which deviate from

the actual attenuation values) distort those test results which are based on the value for the RF signal level.

3-20

Background: signal attenuation

If a test unit is connected to the Willtek 4100, the connection (cable, RF adapter or linear distance between the antennas) will attenuate the RF signal. This means that the mobile phone receives a signal that is reduced by this attenuation, and the tester is unable to measure the phone's actual output power. False readings such as these can be avoided by mathematically compensating for signal attenuation, provided the attenuation value is known.

Page 56

Willtek 4100 Entering test parameters

Effect of the connection type

Universal Antenna Coupler The test conditions can be calculated to a sufficient

degree of accuracy to allow a meaningful compensation. However, since the attenuation of signals to and from the mobile and the coupler (signal attenuation) is frequency-dependent, you must take the receive and transmit paths into account. This is because GSM radio systems transmit and receive in different frequency bands (refer also to page 6-2). The signal attenuation values can therefore fluctuate considerably between the transmit and receive directions. Compensation allows you to take account of this by entering separate values for the RX and TX paths.

The RF signal paths RX and TX always refer to the mobile phone (rather than the tester):

RX Receive path of the mobile phone (corresponds

to the transmit path of the tester).

TX Transmit path of the mobile phone (corresponds

to the receive path of the tester).

Cable Compensation is set to an optimum value for

cable-based connection. This type of connection is not frequency-dependent, so that it is not necessary to distinguish between the receive and send paths of the RF signal (RX/TX). The same compensation value is valid for both paths.

Antenna Compensation is meaningless for a simple antenna

connection. External influences have such a wide effect on RF signal attenuation that compensation does not improve the accuracy of measurements.

3-21

Page 57

Entering test parameters Willtek 4100

Determining compensation values

Since simple antenna connection is of no relevance here, we only need to consider compensation values

The Universal Antenna Coupler can be used with other test equipment and also for analog phones.

for the remaining two connection types. If you are using a cable-based connection, it is very simple to determine the compensation values.

Precautions are necessary to avoid interference, and the test equipment needs to have an RF power offset facility of at least 15 dB for displayed values to be valid after correction.

Deviations of up to 20 dB

Measurements performed in the Willtek laboratories have shown that the coupling attenuation of the Universal Antenna Coupler depends to a large degree on the model of the mobile phone (deviations of up to 20 dB). Battery packs of different thicknesses and the degree to which the antenna is extended have a significant effect on the coupling attenuation value. For this reason, it is impossible to provide a compensation value which is valid for all types of phones, battery and antenna combinations.

Cable-based connection

In this case, it is sufficient to enter a fixed compensation value in the RX and TX entry fields:

1.5 applies for GSM/E-GSM

2.0 applies for PCN (DCS1800)/PCS (DCS1900)

n Universal Antenna Coupler

Fortunately, you do not need an RF signal generator and monitoring decoder to derive the compensation values for the coupler. In practice, a Willtek 4100 and a correctly functioning mobile phone are sufficient for the job.

! Secure the mobile phone in the clamp on the Universal

Antenna Coupler.

" Create a record for the mobile phone with appropriate

test parameters. For the connection method, select COUPLER, choose the standard AUTOTEST listed and enter the value 0 in all the entry fields for the RX and TX compensation values.

§ Start an AUTOTEST using the record you have just

created and then print the test log. If FAIL comments appear, this is due to the 0 dB compensation values and should be disregarded.

3-22

Page 58

Willtek 4100 Entering test parameters

Measurements

Traffic channel 3

Power level 9 (25dBm)

Call from Mobile PASS

Dialled number PASS 1234567890 (1234567890) Power Time template PASS

TX power PASS 22.1 dBm (20.0 - 30.0 dBm)

RMS phase PASS 3.63 deg (0.00 - 7.50 deg) Peak phase PASS 9.68 deg (0.00 - 22.50 deg) Freq. error PASS 12 Hz (-115 - 115 Hz) Burst length PASS 559 us ( 543 - 563 us)

RX level PASS 26 ( 25 - 35)

RX quality PASS 0 ( 0 - 0)

Mobile release PASS

Broadcast channel 63

Traffic channel 27

Power level 5 (33dBm)

Call from Basestation PASS

RF output -80.0 dBm Power Time template PASS

TX power PASS 29.4 dBm (28.0 - 38.0 dBm)

RMS phase PASS 3.63 deg (0.00 - 7.50 deg) Peak phase PASS 9.68 deg (0.00 - 22.50 deg) Freq. error PASS 12 Hz (-115 - 115 Hz) Burst length PASS 559 us ( 543 - 563 us)

RX level PASS 25 ( 25 - 35)

RX quality PASS 0 ( 0 - 0) RF output -96.0 dBm BER PASS 0.00 % (0.00 - 0.30 %) RF output -102.0 dBm BER PASS 0.00 % (0.00 - 1.50 %) FER PASS 0.08 % (0.00 - 0.10 %) RF output -80.0 dBm Power level 14 (15dBm)

Traffic channel 123

TX power PASS 12.6 dBm (10.0 - 20.0 dBm)

RMS phase PASS 2.58 deg (0.00 - 7.50 deg) Peak phase PASS 8.70 deg (0.00 - 22.50 deg) Freq. error PASS -52 Hz (-115 - 115 Hz) AF loop PASS

RX level PASS 27 ( 25 - 35)

Basestation release PASS

Depending on the radio system and the type of connection, it is possible that the log will differ from the example shown on the right (GSM). The only important values are the TX power and RX level lines which appear in the log once for each traffic channel.

$ In your log, identify the six lines marked in the extract

from the sample log shown above and make a note of the measurements (e.g. A1 = 22.1) and the corresponding TCH channel number.

% Use the difference table below to derive the

compensation values. Replace the values A1 through C2 with the relevant measurements. The table is structured in the same way as the menu in which you enter the compensation values. All you have to do is to enter the results in the corresponding fields.

CHAN RX TX

GSM/PCN/PCS GSM 900 only PCN/PCS

BCCH

TCH A 30–A2 25–A1 12–A1 TCH B 30–B2 33–B1 20–B1 TCH C 30–C2 15–C1 2–C1

3-23

Page 59

Entering test parameters Willtek 4100

For the BCCH signaling channel, you should use the values of the nearest TCH channel (this approximation is permissible since no RF measurements are carried out on the BCCH channel).

& In the MS TYPE menu, select the appropriate record

for the mobile phone and correct the compensation values there. Then save the record by pressing {OK}.

Copying records

[AUTOTEST] + {CONFIG} + {MODIFY} +3x{NEXT}

The "4X00 Data Exchange" program allows you to copy all MS TYPE records and AUTOTESTs to a different Willtek 4100 (see also page 6-14). Alternatively, you can save a copy of the records on your PC's hard disk, so that you can revert to this backup in the event of data loss.

During the copy operation, all MS TYPE records and AUTOTESTs on the target tester will be

overwritten!

4X00 Data Exchange (de4X00.exe) is provided on the accompanying CD. The current version is available on the Internet:

http://www.willtek.com

3-24

Page 60

Willtek 4100

FAULT FIND

4-1

Page 61

Overview Willtek 4100

Overview

In FAULT FIND mode you have access to all the tests that a Willtek 4100 is capable of performing. This includes those tests which are run automatically in AUTOTEST mode. You can also add further tests, and numerically displayed measurements help you to selectively identify important quality parameters of a mobile phone.

The mode for experts

In FAULT FIND mode as opposed to AUTOTEST mode there is no automatic PASSED/FAILED evaluation of the test results. That means that FAULT FIND tests are more suitable for experts who want to pinpoint the

In FAULT FIND mode a Willtek 4100 shows its sophisticated test capability; but correct interpretation of the test results and measurements does demand a certain amount of expertise with GSM and measurement techniques.

source of faults on the basis of individual test results and measurements.

The FAULT FIND mode is not available for the

Willtek 4107L model.

4-2

Page 62

Willtek 4100 Overview

Accessing FAULT FIND mode

Regardless of which menu is currently open, pressing the [FAULT_FIND] key calls up the first menu of the FAULT FIND mode (provided that the tester is passive and is not maintaining a connection to a mobile phone). Which menu is the first depends on which model in the Willtek 4100 series you have (see below).

Willtek 4107

n Access with the Willtek 4107S

In the Willtek 4107S only, the additional SELECT MODE menu is used to access FAULT FIND mode:

Use the cursor keys to select the entry FAULT FIND and confirm your selection with [ENTER].

ASYNCHRON: see Chapter 5

Willtek 4107S

4-3

Page 63

FAULT FIND test preparation Willtek 4100

FAULT FIND test preparation

Test preparation in FAULT FIND mode involves a maximum of five actions:

selecting the radio system

selecting channels/RF power

compensating for signal attenuation

installing the test SIM (only if necessary)

Connecting the mobile phone

Any menu + [FAULT_FIND]

Selecting the radio system

Willtek 4107 and $4107S are able to carry out tests on mobile phones using different GSM radio systems. Therefore, for these models only, test preparation starts with the selection of the radio system.

! Position the cursor on the radio network to which the

mobile phone belongs. The menu lists the generic radio network names, the radio systems. The actual names of the radio networks vary from country to country and generally have nothing at all to do with the generic names.

" Press [ENTER] to confirm your selection. When you do

so, the FAULT FIND menu for selecting the test channels and the RF power is opened.

4-4

Page 64

Willtek 4100 FAULT FIND test preparation

Special considerations for dual-band systems

When single-band mobile phones are being tested, the Willtek 4107(S) also displays the FAULT FIND menu in the form shown on the left. The meanings of the fields there are described on the following pages.

When dual-band mobile phones are being tested, the FAULT FIND menu requires the same entries as for single-band systems, with the exception that certain entries need to be made twice, once for each band (see below).

In the descriptions as of this page, the dual-band

FAULT FIND menu when testing single-band mobile phones.

systems will no longer be mentioned separately, since all the descriptions also apply fully to these systems.

Separate entry fields for each band

As soon as a dual-band system (GSM 900+1800 or GSM 900+1900) has been set in the Willtek 4107(S), the FAULT FIND menu assumes the form shown on the bottom left of this page. The MS Power Level and Pre attenuation (RX/TX) fields are available separately for each band. In the case of MS Power Level, this has the advantage that both transmission branches of the mobile phone (900 MHz and 1800/1900 MHz) can be tested independently (for instance one band at power level 9 and the other at level 3).

FAULT FIND menu when testing dual-band mobile phones.

The separate entry fields for Pre attenuation,onthe other hand, benefit the measuring precision. Since pre-attenuation (and hence the associated compensation) is frequency-dependent, compensation values which have been matched to each frequency band are of benefit. Please refer to pages 3-20 and 4-9 for more details on pre-attenuation and compensation values.

4-5

Page 65

FAULT FIND test preparation Willtek 4100

Special features of multiband systems

If when selecting the radio system you have chosen a multiband system (GSM 900+1800+1900) the FAULT FIND menu first shows the input fields for the lower and middle bands. In a similar way to the menu for the dual-band systems you can first enter the required values for MS Power Level and Pre atten. (RX,TX) for each band (see page 4-). Then press {1900} to call the menu for the upper band and enter the required values for MS Power Level and Pre atten. (RX,TX). The {900/1800} softkey takes you back to the input menu for the lower and middle band.

FAULT FIND menu when testing multiband mobile phones.

Testing multiband mobile phones

It is basically possible to test a multiband mobile phone on one band after another by simply setting the appropriate radio system on the tester and testing each one individually (see page 4-4). However, it is better to select the appropriate multiband and thus avoid having to keep going back to the SYSTEM SELECT menu. But because of the double assignment of channel numbers in the 1800 and 1900 bands you must bear the following in mind:

It is not possible to change channels between the 900 and 1900 bands or between the 1800 and 1900 bands.

If the mobile phone does not switch automatically from band to band, this must be done manually.

To switch the tester from 900/1800 to 1900 you must:

! Terminate the connection. " Switch band using {900/1800} or {1900}.

§ Allow the mobile phone to register with the new band. $ Establish a new connection and continue the test.

The following pages will not mention multiband

systems explicitly again, since all information without exception applies to these systems as well.

4-6

Page 66

Willtek 4100 FAULT FIND test preparation

BCCH and TCH?

BCCH (Broadcast Control Channel): This is the channel via which the base station and the mobile phone exchan ge fundamental connection data such as the current location of the mobile phone and the network ID.

TCH (Traffic Channel): Channel carrying voice and data traffic.

Invalid input

causes the message INPUT ERROR to be displayed along with a list of acceptable values.

Selecting channels/RF power

This stage in the test preparation phase applies to any Willtek 4100. Here you select:

the channel on which signaling between tester and

mobile phone is to take place (BCCH) the channel on which voice traffic between tester and

mobile phone is to take place (TCH) the RF transmit power of the tester (BS Power Level)

the RF transmit power of the mobile phone following

connection setup (MS Power Level)

Any menu + [FAULT_FIND]

n Entering channel numbers

! Use the cursor keys to select the BCCH channel line. " Enter the number of the channel which is to be used for

signaling.

§ Press [ENTER] to confirm your input. $ Use the cursor keys to select the TCH channel line. % Enter the number of the channel which is to be used for

voice traffic.

& Press [ENTER] to confirm your input.

Permissible channel numbers (BCCH and TCH)

GSM 0001 through 0124

E-GSM 0000 and 0975 through 1023

GSM-R 0955 through 0974

GSM 1800 (PCN) 0512 through 0885 (even numbers only)

GSM 1900 (PCS) 0512 through 0810 (odd numbers only)

4-7

Page 67

FAULT FIND test preparation Willtek 4100

Setting the RF power

! Use the cursor keys to select the BS Power Level line.

Invalid input

Invalid input causes the message INPUT ERROR to be displayed along with a list of acceptable values.

" Enter a value for the RF transmit power (in dBm) at

which the Willtek 4100 is to send signals to the mobile phone.

It is best to specify the maximum value to ensure

that there are no complications with check-in attempts. You can always change the power again to some other value later.

RF transmit power of tester

GSM 900/E-GSM –117 dBm through –45 dBm

GSM 1800 + 1900 –117 dBm through –45 dBm

Observe the specified level range (see chapter 6, Technical data).

The minus sign is added automatically.

§ Press [ENTER] to confirm your input. $ Use the cursor keys to select the MS Power Level line. % Enter the power level (corresponding to an RF transmit

power value) at which the mobile phone is to send signals to the Willtek 4100 (see table below).

On handportables (not car phones) the RF

output power is limited to a maximum of 33 dBm. Bear this in mind when selecting the power level.

& Press [ENTER] to confirm your input.

Permissible power levels and corresponding RF power in dBm

Power level

GSM 900/E-GSM

GSM 1800 (PCN)

GSM 1900 (PCS)

4-8

012345678910111213141516171819 293031 43 41 39 37 35 33 31 29 27 25 23 21 19 17 15 13 11 9 7 5 – – – 302826242220181614121086420–––– 363432 302826242220181614121086420res res res res res 33 32

Page 68

Willtek 4100 FAULT FIND test preparation

Compensating for signal attenuation

You will find details on compensating for signal attenuation on page 3-23ff. The information given there for AUTOTESTs also applies to FAULT FIND mode with the following exceptions:

Only one input field (lines Pre attenuation) is available

for each of the compensation values (RX and TX). The compensation values apply to both the TCH and

the BCCH channels (this is valid because no measurements are performed for the BCCH channel).

FAULT FIND mode provides the option of

assigning other channel numbers to the TCH

Each radio system has its own permitted compensation value which comes into force automatically the moment you select the system.

Any compensation

configured in FAULT FIND mode has no bearing on the readings in AUTOTEST mode. Separately defined compensation values for individual models of mobile phones apply in AUTOTEST mode.

channel after the connection has been established. For this reason, when evaluating RF values (e.g. MS Pwr and Rx Level), make sure that the TCH channel number that is selected, is the one for which the compensation values apply. This restriction does not apply for cable-based connections, which are not frequency-dependent.

n Compensation values

In the case of a cable-based connection, it is sufficient to specify a fixed compensation value which you enter in the RX and TX entry fields.

1.5 for GSM/E-GSM

2.0 for GSM1800 (PCN)/GSM1900 (PCS)

Values are identical for the RX and TX signal paths, since a cable-based connection is not frequency-dependent. Please note that these values only apply if you are using Willtek original accessories (cable, RF adapter). If this is not the case, or if you are using a wireless connection, other compensation values apply, which have to be determined on an individual basis.

4-9

Page 69

FAULT FIND test preparation Willtek 4100

Installing the test SIM

See page 2-14 for installation instructions.

It is not absolutely necessary to insert the test SIM for FAULT FIND mode. Apart from the bit/frame error rate measurements, all tests can also be carried out with the original SIM. There is, however, one important reason for installing the test SIM. With the test SIM installed, the mobile phone forgets all its information about its usual home network and instead considers the GSM network simulated by the tester to be its home network. The advantage of this is that as a rule no problems will be encountered when registering the mobile phone into the test network (see also page 4-13).

Switch the SIMs back over again once testing of

the mobile phone has finished!

Connecting the mobile phone

4-10

For notes on connection, see page 2-16.

The correct connection type depends on the tests and measurements you want to perform. Cable-based connection provides the greatest testing depth, but requires suitable RF adapters.

Please note that connections using the Universal

Antenna Coupler and in particular antenna connections result in RF measurements which are subject to a degree of uncertainty. The table on page 3-17 provides information on the tests and measurements which are affected.

Page 70

Willtek 4100 FAULT FIND test preparation

This is what is tested

In FAULT FIND mode you can test the following functions and quality-determining parameters of a mobile phone:

Function

Registration

Outgoing call from mobile phone (connection setup)

Incoming call (mobile phone)

Response to TCH change

Response to RF power change (tester)

Response to power level change (mobile phone)

Hang-up on mobile phone

Hang-up on tester

Correct transmission of IMEI/IMSI

Correct interpretation of power class

Mobile phone keypad

Acoustic speech test (audio loopback)

Broadcast cell (display text messages)

Parameters

Mobile phone transmit power

Phase error (RMS and peak)

Frequency error

RX level

RX quality

Power-time template

Bit/frame error rate

Test 1.0

Test 2.0

Test 3.0

Test 4.1

Test 4.2

Test 4.3

Test 4.4

Test 4.5

Test 6.0

Test 2.0

Test 7.0

Test 8.0

Test 4.0

Test 5.0

4-11

Page 71

Test 1.0: Network identification and registration Willtek 4100

Test 1.0: Network identification and registration

Registering the mobile phone on the GSM radio network simulated by the Willtek 4100 is a fundamental test. If this initial test fails, there is something seriously wrong, and none of the other tests can be performed.

Preconditions for testing

Test preparation completed (see page 4-4) and

Willtek 4100 ready for use (FAULT FIND menu on display)?

Mobile phone switched off? If it is on, switch it off now.

n Test 1.0 step by step

Tester display after {BS_CALL} has been pressed.

Selecting the test network

Depending on the type of mobile phone and how it is configured, widely differing actions are required to select the network. It may be that you first have to call functions like "Network selection" and "New search" manually. However you go about it, once the network has been found, the mobile must display the ID of the test network, which is as follows:

MCC:001 MNC:01

The mobile phone may show the ID in a slightly different format (e.g. 1 1 or 00101). The important point is that you do not make the mistake of selecting a public network.

! Switch the mobile phone on and (if asked to) enter the

PIN (PIN of test SIM = 0000).

" It may now be necessary to select the test network, but

only on a mobile phone with its original SIM (see the text on the left).

§ Press the {BS_CALL} softkey on the Willtek 4100 (the

tester calls the mobile phone and displays a WAIT menu) and observe how the mobile phone responds.

Test 1.0 result

The mobile phone reports the incoming call visually or

audibly. It can only do so if it has correctly identified the test network and registered. Now go on to Test 3.0, step 2, or press [ESCAPE] to go back to the FAULT FIND menu.

There is no visual or audible calling signal. This should

not be treated as a fault until all the solutions described in the next section have failed to result in registration. After each failed registration attempt, press [ESCAPE] to return to the FAULT FIND menu.

4-12

Page 72

Willtek 4100 Test 1.0: Network identification and registration

Problems with registration

Even with an intact mobile phone, there is one problem which may arise – with an original SIM – when you attempt to register onto the test network:

Location update?

When you switch on a mobile phone which is fitted with its original SIM, it immediately searches for receivable GSM base stations. Every base station identifies itself with a typical LAC (Location Area Code).

The LAC of the last base station used is stored on the SIM. If the phone again detects the last station it used (by comparing the LACs), it registers automatically. If this is not possible, e.g. after a change of location, a location update is performed. Here the mobile phone checks which base station on the home network it can receive best (home network: the GSM network that was activated on the SIM when the phone was purchased).

The phone stores the LAC of this base station on the SIM and at the same time registers into the home network. The phone acts in the same way if the test SIM is mounted, except that in this case the home network is held to be the GSM radio network simulated by the tester.

The mobile phone checks into a public network instead

of the test network. This is typically likely to happen under the following conditions:

wireless connection between test unit and tester

–

signal from Willtek 4100 competing with strong base

–

stations.

Problem solving

Take the following steps and repeat them after each registration attempt (Test 1.0).

! Check that the RF output level of the tester is set to the

maximum value.

" If the check-in attempt fails with the original SIM, switch

off the mobile phone and install the test SIM (see also page 2-14).

§ If the attempt fails with wireless connection, try again

using the cable-based connection via the RF adapter.

4-13

Page 73

Test 2.0: MS CALL connection setup Willtek 4100

Test 2.0: MS CALL connection setup

Test 2.0 checks whether the mobile phone is able to set up a telephone connection to the Willtek 4100. Once the connection has been established, many other functions and parameters of the mobile phone can be checked.

Preconditions for testing

The phone has previously passed Test 1.0 and

identified the radio network simulated by the tester. There is no existing telephone connection between the

phone and the tester (if there is one, release it using Test 4.4 or 4.5).

n Test 2.0 step by step

! Press the {MS_CALL} softkey on the Willtek 4100 (the

tester waits for a call from the mobile phone and displays a WAIT menu). The display shows a prompt for action (see picture).

" Enter any number (up to 20 digits) on the mobile

phone. Include all the numbers from 0 through 9 so that you can read these later on the tester's display and identify any defective number keys.

§ On the mobile phone, press the key with the "Send"

function to initiate connection setup.

4-14

Test 2.0 result

Connection setup was successful; the tester's display

now shows the MS CALL ACTIVE menu (in subsequent tests, MS reminds you that connection setup was initiated by MS CALL). Go on to Test 4.0.

Connection setup has failed; the tester's display

continues to show the WAIT menu. The mobile phone failed the test. Press [ESCAPE] to return to the FAULT FIND menu.

Page 74

Willtek 4100 Test 3.0: BS CALL connection setup

Test 3.0: BS CALL connection setup

Test 3.0 checks whether the mobile phone is able to handle an incoming connection request from the Willtek 4100. Once the connection has been established, many other functions and parameters of the mobile phone can be checked.

Preconditions for testing

The phone has previously passed Test 1.0 and

identified the radio network simulated by the tester. There is no existing telephone connection between the

phone and the tester (if there is one, release it using Test 4.4 or 4.5).

n Test 3.0 step by step

! Press the {BS_CALL} softkey on the Willtek 4100 (the

tester call the mobile phone and displays a WAIT menu).

" In response to a visual and/or audible calling signal on

the mobile phone, press the "Send" on the mobile phone to answer the call.

Test 3.0 result

Connection setup was successful; the tester's display

now shows the BS CALL ACTIVE menu (in subsequent tests, BS reminds you that connection setup was initiated by BS CALL). Go on to Test 4.0.

Connection setup has failed; the tester's display

continues to show the WAIT menu. The mobile phone failed the test. Press [ESCAPE] to return to the FAULT FIND menu.

4-15

Page 75

Test 4.0: Messages and measurements Willtek 4100

Test 4.0: Messages and measurements

On successful connection setup the display shows messages and quality-determining measurements directly on the CALL ACTIVE menu. The indications always apply to the test conditions described in the first three lines of the menu. The effect of modifying test conditions (see Tests 4.1 through 4.3) can be seen immediately.

Please note that any RF level measurements are

only correct if the signal attenuation has been correctly compensated (see also page 4-9).

n Preconditions for testing

There must be a valid telephone connection between the

Precision measurements

Always take into account the measuring tolerances of the tester (see chapter 6, Technical data) when evaluating any of the measurements.

mobile phone and the tester, set up in Test 2.0 or 3.0.

n Test 4.0, interpreting the indications

Dialed Number dialed on the mobile phone in the course of

Test 2.0 (MS CALL) (nothing is shown if the connection was set up with BS CALL).

4-16

The value is the same as the number that was dialed.

If the value is different (digits missing or the same digit

repeated several times in succession), there is something wrong with the numeric keypad (oxidized contacts, key bounce).

MS Pwr RF transmit power of the mobile phone.

The value matches the currently applicable power level

of the mobile phone (target value shown on the MS Power Level line). Allowable deviations from the target value are indicated in the table (as per GSM standard).

Page 76

Willtek 4100 Test 4.0: Messages and measurements

The value is outside the permitted tolerances. This can

lead to connection breakdown (value too low) or to interference with other subscribers (value too high). In the event of connection breakdown, press and hold down {BS_CLR} until you hear the acknowledgment signal (this takes you back to the FAULT FIND menu).

Example

The tester reports a value of

23.2 dBm for MS Pwr. The MS Power Level line shows you the target value (here 25 dBm) and the associated power level (09). According to the table, on power level 9 the test unit is allowed to transmit at 25 dBm ±3 dB. That means that the measured value is within the permitted tolerances.

Power level/RF power/permissible tolerances

GSM/E-GSM GSM 1800 (PCN) GSM 1900 (PCS)

0 43 dBm ±2dB 29 36dBm ±2dB 29 1 41 dBm ±3dB 30 34dBm ±3dB 30 33dBm ±2dB

2 39 dBm ±3dB 31 32dBm ±3dB 31 32dBm ±3dB 3 37 dBm ±3dB 0 30 dBm ±3dB 0 30 dBm ±3dB

4 35 dBm ±3 dB 1 28 dBm ±3 dB 1 28 dBm ±3dB 5 33 dBm ±3 dB 2 26 dBm ±3 dB 2 26 dBm ±3dB 6 31 dBm ±3dB 3 24 dBm ±3dB 3 24 dBm ±3dB 7 29 dBm ±3 dB 4 22 dBm ±3 dB 4 22 dBm ±3dB 8 27 dBm ±3 dB 5 20 dBm ±3 dB 5 20 dBm ±3dB

9 25 dBm ±3 dB 6 18 dBm ±3 dB 6 18 dBm ±3dB 10 23 dBm ±3 dB 7 16 dBm ±3 dB 7 16 dBm ±3dB 11 21 dBm ±3 dB 8 14 dBm ±3 dB 8 14 dBm ±3dB 12 19 dBm ±3 dB 9 12 dBm ±4 dB 9 12 dBm ±4dB 13 17 dBm ±3dB 10 10dBm ±4dB 10 10dBm ±4dB 14 15 dBm ±3 dB 11 8 dBm ±4 dB 11 8 dBm ±4dB 15 13 dBm ±3 dB 12 6 dBm ±4 dB 12 6 dBm ±4dB 16 11 dBm ±5 dB 13 4 dBm ±4 dB 13 4 dBm ±4dB 17 9 dBm ±5 dB 14 2 dBm ±5 dB 14 2 dBm ±5dB 18 7 dBm ±5 dB 15 0 dBm ±5 dB 15 0 dBm ±5dB 19 5 dBm ±5dB

Highlighted values: When the power level

–– ––– –

res. –

corresponds to the power class of the mobile phone, then the tolerances shall be ±2.0 dB.

4-17

Page 77

Test 4.0: Messages and measurements Willtek 4100

Phase RMS, Peak Phase error in GSM burst signal (RMS value left, peak

value right). The phase error is a quality indicator for correct adjustment of the modulator.

The phase error is not outside the following limits (GSM

standard, irrespective of radio system): RMS: £ 5° Peak: £ 20°

The value is over the limits. Typical symptoms:

problems with connection setup, problems with maintaining a connection, distortion of the voice signal.

Freq. Err Frequency error of mobile phone RF carrier signal

compared to target value.

Permitted frequency error (GSM standard)

GSM/E-GSM GSM 1800 (PCN) GSM 1900 (PCS)

£±90 Hz £±180 Hz £±180 Hz

Frequency error is within limits.

Excessive frequency error may lead to interference with

other subscribers on adjacent channels or exhibit the same symptoms as an unacceptable phase error.

RX Level Measure of the RF level at which the mobile phone

receives the signal from the base station (here the tester). Mobile phones measure the RF receive level at regular intervals and report the measurement to the base station in the form of a code number (0 through

63). The higher the RF level measured, the higher the code number.

4-18

It is advisable to check the Rx Level code number for a variety of BS Power Level settings (high, medium and low value).

Page 78

Willtek 4100 Test 4.0: Messages and measurements

Equivalent code numbers/RF receive levels (dBm)

0 < –110 22 –89 to –88 44 –67 to –66

1 –110 to –109 23 –88 to –87 45 –66 to –65

2 –109 to –108 24 –87 to –86 46 –65 to –64

3 –108 to –107 25 –86 to –85 47 –64 to –63

4 –107 to –106 26 –85 to –84 48 –63 to –62

5 –106 to –105 27 –84 to –83 49 –62 to –61

6 –105 to –104 28 –83 to –82 50 –61 to –60

7 –104 to –103 29 –82 to –81 51 –60 to –59

8 –103 to –102 30 –81 to –80 52 –59 to –58

9 –102 to –101 31 –80 to –79 53 –58 to –57

10 –101 to –100 32 –79 to –78 54 –57 to –56

The reported Rx level must match the BS power level.

11 –100 to –99 33 –78 to –77 55 –56 to –55

12 –99 to –98 34 –77 to –76 56 –55 to –54

13 –98 to –97 35 –76 to –75 57 –54 to –53

14 –97 to –96 36 –75 to –74 58 –53 to –52

15 –96 to –95 37 –74 to –73 59 –52 to –51

16 –95 to –94 38 –73 to –72 60 –51 to –50

17 –94 to –93 39 –72 to –71 61 –50 to –49

18 –93 to –92 40 –71 to –70 62 –49 to –48

19 –92 to –91 41 –70 to –69 63 > –48

20 –91 to –90 42 –69 to –68

21 –90 to –89 43 –68 to –67

–– ––

Under the GSM standard, the code number shown in

the Rx Level field should match the RF output level set on the tester (value on BS Power Level line – see table for conversion).

The RF receive level derived from the Rx Level code

number deviates by an unacceptable amount from the target value (BS Power Level).

4-19

Page 79

Test 4.0: Messages and measurements Willtek 4100

Rx Qual Measure of transmission quality at the current RF

receive level. Mobile phones check the bit error rate (BER) of the decoded data at regular intervals and report the measurement to the base station in the form of a code digit (0 through 7). The higher the BER, the higher the code digit.

Equivalent code digits/BERs*

< 0.2 %

0.4 % to 0.8 %

1.6 % to 3.2 %

6.4 % to 12.8 %

*) BER measured by the mobile phone. Not to be confused with the tester's BER measurement.

At an RF receive level of –102 dBm the BER reported

0.2 % to 0.4 %

0.8 % to 1.6 %

3.2 % to 6.4 %

> 12.8 %

by the mobile phone must be < 2.44 % (equivalent code digit: 4).

The BER is over the permitted limit. (The greater the

overshoot, the greater the resulting distortion of the voice signal. For acoustic confimation run Test 7.0.)

4-20

Page 80

Willtek 4100 Test 4.0: Messages and measurements

Power-Time Template Under the GSM standard, the profile of the GSM burst

signal over time must fit into a "template" which allocates defined tolerances zones to the signal pattern. A Willtek 4100 checks that the burst does not overshoot the tolerance limits at any point in the template and reports the result as Pass or Fail.

Pass The burst profile is acceptable.

Fail The burst goes outside the tolerance limits at one or

more points. Typical symptom: interference with calls running on the same RF channel but in different timeslots.

Willtek 4107S only: Three symbols indicate the locations where the tolerance zones were exceeded. These symbols (the Burst Edge Failure Indication) can appear on their own or in combination with the other symbols.

Error in horizontal section of burst waveform

Willtek 4107S only: Symbols indicate the locations where the tolerance zones were exceeded.

Error on rising burst edge

Error on falling burst edge

The following diagram illustrates the zones of the power-time template.

4-21

Page 81

Test 4.0: Messages and measurements Willtek 4100

Test 4.1: Changing the voice channel

While a telephone connection is in place, a mobile phone must be able to switch to another voice channel (TCH) allocated by the base station (in our case the Willtek 4100).

Preconditions for testing

There must be a valid telephone connection between the

mobile phone and the tester, set up in Test 2.0 or 3.0. The BS CALL ACTIVE or MS CALL ACTIVE menu

must be visible (to get back to this menu from lower-level menus press [ESCAPE]).

n Test 4.1 step by step

Multiband mobile phones:

It is not possible to switch talk channels directly between the 900/1800 and 1900 bands. The reason for this is that the channel numbes are assigned twice (see also pae 4-6).

! Use the cursor keys to select the TCH channel line. " Enter another valid channel number:

Permissible channel numbers (BCCH and TCH)

GSM 0001 through 0124

E-GSM 0000 and 0975 through 1023

GSM-R 0955 through 0974

GSM 1800 (PCN) 0512 through 0885 (even numbers only)

GSM 1900 (PCS) 0512 through 0810 (odd numbers only)

4-22

§ Press [ENTER] to confirm your input.

Test 4.1 result

The connection is maintained, the CALL ACTIVE menu

continues to show acceptable measurements. Repeat the test with a different channel number or run the next test.

The connection breaks down. The tester's display stops

showing measurements. The mobile phone has failed the test. Press and hold down {BS_CLR} until you hear the acknowledgment signal (back to the FAULT FIND menu).

Page 82

Willtek 4100 Test 4.0: Messages and measurements

Test 4.2: Reducing the RF power (from the tester)

This test simulates harsh reality: the farther you are from the base station, the lower the RF received level by your mobile phone. As required by the GSM specification, a mobile phone should be able to maintain a connection without malfunctioning at a receive level at least as low as about –102 dBm (portables) or –104 dBm (car phones).

Preconditions for testing

There must be a valid telephone connection between the

mobile phone and the tester, set up in Test 2.0 or 3.0. The BS CALL ACTIVE or MS CALL ACTIVE menu

must be visible (to get back to this menu from lower-level menus press [ESCAPE]).

n Test 4.2 step by step

! Use the cursor keys to select the BS Power Level line. " Enter the tester's RF transmit level. According to the

GSM standard this should be: –102 dBm for handportables –104 dBm for car phones

§ Press [ENTER] to confirm your input.

Test 4.2 result

The connection is maintained, the CALL ACTIVE menu

continues to show acceptable measurements. Repeat the test with a lower RF level or run the next test.

The connection breaks down. The tester's display stops

showing measurements. The RF sensitivity of the mobile phone is insufficient. Press and hold down {BS_CLR} until you hear the acknowledgment signal (back to the FAULT FIND menu). Restart the test (at a higher level, e.g. –90 dBm) and gradually determine the exact value of the RF level at which the connection breaks down.

4-23

Page 83

Test 4.0: Messages and measurements Willtek 4100

Test 4.3: Changing power levels

While a telephone connection is in place, a mobile phone must be able to switch to another power level allocated to it by the base station (in our case the tester). This helps save battery power when approaching a base station and ensure that the connection is maintained when moving away from a base station.

Preconditions for testing

There must be a valid telephone connection between the

mobile phone and the tester, set up in Test 2.0 or 3.0. The BS CALL ACTIVE or MS CALL ACTIVE menu

Changes in the MS power level should have an immediate impact on the MS Pwr measurement.

must be visible (to get back to this menu from lower-level menus press [ESCAPE]).

This test will only have correct and precise

results when the tester and the mobile phone are connected by cable.

4-24

n Test 4.3 step by step

! Use the cursor keys to select the MS Power Level line. " Enter a different power level.

§ Press [ENTER] to confirm your input.

Test 4.3 result

The connection is maintained, the MS Pwr measure

ment matches the selected power level on the MS Power Level line. Repeat the test with other power levels or run the next test.

The connection breaks down or the MS Pwr measure

ment is outside the permitted tolerances (see the table on page 4-17). Press and hold down {BS_CLR} until you hear the acknowledgment signal (back to the FAULT FIND menu). The mobile phone has failed the test.

Page 84

Willtek 4100 Test 4.0: Messages and measurements

Test 4.4: Clear down on the mobile phone

A telephone connection can be released by either party, either from the mobile phone or from the base station. This test determines whether the connection is released correctly if release is initiated from the mobile phone.

Preconditions for testing

There must be a valid telephone connection between the

mobile phone and the tester, set up in Test 2.0 or 3.0. The BS CALL ACTIVE or MS CALL ACTIVE menu

must be visible (to get back to this menu from lower-level menus press [ESCAPE]).

{MS_CLR} makes the tester prompt you to press the "Release" button on the mobile phone.

If this is the last test on the

phone and you have installed the test SIM, please do not forget to remove the test SIM once the test is over!

n Test 4.4 step by step

! Press the {MS_CLR} softkey. If this softkey is not shown:

press {MORE}.

" Press the key which has the "Release" function on the

mobile.

§ Observe the tester's display.

Test 4.4 result

Following correct connection release, the Willtek 4100

shows the FAULT FIND menu again. You can now start setting up a new connection with {MS_CALL} or {BS_CALL} or go back to the SYSTEM SELECT menu by pressing [ESCAPE].

Error releasing connection, e.g. because the "Release"

key on the mobile phone is defective. Press and hold down {BS_CLR} until you hear the acknowledgment signal (back to the FAULT FIND menu), or switch the device off for a short while. The mobile phone has failed the test.

4-25

Page 85

Test 4.0: Messages and measurements Willtek 4100

Test 4.5: Clear down on the tester

Preconditions for testing

There must be a valid telephone connection between the

mobile phone and the tester, set up in Test 2.0 or 3.0. The BS CALL ACTIVE or MS CALL ACTIVE menu

must be visible (to get back to this menu from lower-level menus press [ESCAPE]).

If connection cleardown with {BS_CLR} is completed correctly, the display shows the WAIT information box for only about 4 s.

If this is the last test on the

phone and you have installed the test SIM, please do not forget to remove the test SIM once the test is over!

n Test 4.5 step by step

! Press the {BS_CLR} softkey. If this softkey is not shown:

press {MORE}.

" Observe the tester's display.

n Test 4.5 result

Following correct connection release (duration: max.

about 5 seconds), the Willtek 4100 shows the FAULT FIND menu again. You can now start setting up a new connection with {MS_CALL} or {BS_CALL} or go back to the SYSTEM SELECT menu by pressing [ESCAPE].

Error releasing connection. If the tester is still showing

the WAIT menu after about 20 seconds, switch the device off for a short while. The mobile phone has failed the test.

4-26

Page 86

Willtek 4100 Test 4.0: Messages and measurements

Test 5.0: Measuring the bit and frame error rate

The bit and frame error rate is a measure of the RF sensitivity of a mobile phone. Even at a low RF receive level, mobile phones should continue to offer acceptable voice transmission quality (low BER/FER values).

Preconditions for testing

There must be a valid telephone connection between the

mobile phone and the tester, set up in Test 2.0 or 3.0. This test cannot be guaranteed to run unless the test

SIM has been installed in the mobile phone (for installation see page 2-14).

The bit and frame error rate is a measure of the mobile phone's RF sensitivity.

The BS CALL ACTIVE or MS CALL ACTIVE menu

must be visible (to get back to this menu from lower-level menus press [ESCAPE]).

This test can only be

guaranteed to work if the mobile phone is fitted with the test SIM.

n Test 5.0 step by step

! Press the {BER} softkey. If this softkey is not shown:

press {MORE}.

" Enter the tester's RF transmit level in the BS Power

Level field (a delayed reaction from the tester when you

start entering the value is normal as a number of signal bursts need to be measured to calculate the error performance). The GSM standard recommends three level settings for this test: –100 dBm (all GSM mobile phones) –104 dBm for car phones (P>2W). –102 dBm for handportables (P £ 2 W). Start with –100 dBm.

§ Press [ENTER] to confirm your input. $ The tester's display now shows measurements for BER

(bit error rate) and FER (frame error rate). Check that the values are below the permitted limits (the FER value is significant only if the RF transmit level is set to –102 dBm).

4-27

Page 87

Test 4.0: Messages and measurements Willtek 4100

Depending on what RF transmit level is set, the following limits apply under the GSM standard:

Permissible limits for BER/FER

RF level Phone BER FER –100 dBm all 0.00 % – –104 dBm P > 2 W < 2.44 % – –102 dBm P £ 2 W < 2.44 % 0.10 %

% Enter the second RF transmit level in the BS Power

Level field, confirm your entry with [ENTER] and check

the measurements.

& Terminate the test with [ESCAPE].

n Test 5.0 result

The limits are not exceeded.

The limits are exceeded. Typical symptom: the

customer complains of poor speech quality or poor data connection when using a modem.

4-28

Page 88

Willtek 4100 Test 6.0: Checking mobile phone identification

Test 6.0: Checking mobile phone identification

The identification data is a mobile phone's "ID card". It provides information about the test unit which is useful for interpreting measurements (Test 4.0) or for general classification purposes (e.g. E-GSM mobile phone or not?).

Preconditions for testing

There must be a valid telephone connection between the

mobile phone and the tester, set up in Test 2.0 or 3.0. The BS CALL ACTIVE or MS CALL ACTIVE menu

must be visible (to get back to this menu from lower-level menus press [ESCAPE]).

The characteristic information highlighted in the lower part of the display is only shown if the test unit is a dual-band mobile phone. If you are testing a multiband mobile phone, the menu displays a softkey which you can use to call up the identification data of the 1900 band.

n Test 6.0 step by step

! Press the {MS_INFO} softkey. If this softkey is not

shown: press {MORE}.

" Check the identification data which is reported (see

"Test 6.0 results").

§ Press the [ESCAPE] key to return to the CALL ACTIVE

menu and run some other tests there.

Test 6.0 results

IMSI International Mobile Subscriber Identity gives important

subscriber data which is stored in the SIM. The IMSI displayed comes from the SIM which is currently installed in the mobile phone. The IMSI comprises the following data:

XXX XX XXXXXXXXXX

Subscriber number within the net Code of home network Code of home country

The IMSI of the test SIM is: 001 01 1234567890

4-29

Page 89

Test 6.0: Checking mobile phone identification Willtek 4100

IMEI International Mobile Equipment Identity is the device

identity of the mobile phone. The IMEI comprises the serial number, the manufacturer, the country of manufacture and a code identifying the country in which the mobile phone has been granted type approval.

MS Pwr class RF power class of the mobile phone (code digit and

absolute value for the maximum RF power in dBm; This is not displayed when testing dual-band telephones – see below).

RF power classes

Code digit

GSM 900/E-GSM

GSM1800 (PCN)

GSM1900 (PCS)

12345 43 dBm 39 dBm 37 dBm 33 dBm 29 dBm 30 dBm 24 dBm 36 dBm – – 30 dBm 24 dBm 33 dBm – –

Rev. Level Indicates the GSM revision level of the mobile phone's

hardware and software. According to the GSM specification the value should be Phase 1 or Phase 2.

Ext. Freq. Indicates whether the mobile phone supports the

extended channel range (E-GSM): YES or NO.

SMS Indicates whether the mobile phone supports the GSM

Short Message Service (SMS). YES or NO.

EFR Indicates whether the mobile phone supports

Enhanced Full Rate mode (improved voice quality): YES or NO (mobile telephone only supports Full Rate mode).

A5 Support Code number of the A5 algorithm, stored in the mobile

phone. For data protection reasons, speech and all traffic data are encrypted before transmission and decrypted again at the receiving end. The code number is an integer between 1 and 7.

4-30

Page 90

Willtek 4100 Test 6.0: Checking mobile phone identification

Dual-band mobile phone only

Multiband Indicates which frequency ranges the mobile phone

supports: 900 or 900E and 1800 or 1900.

Ext. Protocol Indicates the status of the extension bit:

NO =0,YES =1. MS Pwr class 1 Power class of the mobile phone for GSM/E-GSM. MS Pwr class 2 Power class of the mobile phone for GSM 1800/1900.

4-31

Page 91

Test 7.0: Speech testing Willtek 4100

Test 7.0: Speech testing

In speech testing the test signal runs through the entire transmission path from the mobile phone's mouthpiece to the base station (tester) and back to the mobile phone's earpiece. That means that the test is positive only if all the RF and audio signal paths in the mobile phone are intact. You can run this test as an initial function check or for selective testing of the AF signal paths.

Preconditions for testing

There must be a valid telephone connection between the

mobile phone and the tester, set up in Test 2.0 or 3.0.

The speech mode EFR is only displayed if the mobile phone supports this mode (improved voice quality in the event of poor reception).

The BS CALL ACTIVE or MS CALL ACTIVE menu

must be visible (to get back to this menu from lower-level menus press [ESCAPE]).

n Test 7.0 step by step

! Press the {SPEECH} softkey (which calls the menu

shown on the top left of this page). If this softkey is not shown: press {MORE}.

" Enter the BS power level of the tester in the BS Power

Level field (recommended initial value: –60 dBm).

§ If the voice codec of the mobile phone being tested

supports Enhanced Full Rate (EFR) mode, this is displayed in addition to the standard Full Rate (FR) mode. Only if this is the case is it possible to select the required mode with the cursor keys and confirm your choice with [ENTER].

$ Speak a word into the mobile phone's mouthpiece. % After a delay of about a second you should hear the

word in the mobile phone's earpiece (echo loop).

& Repeat the speech test as many times as you like.

Reduce the BS power level of the tester each time. You can also switch between EFR and FR modes during testing.

4-32

Page 92

Willtek 4100 Test 7.0: Speech testing

/ Press the [ESCAPE] key to return to the CALL ACTIVE

menu and run some other tests there.

Test 7.0 result

Down to approx. –96 dBm, the echo should not be

distorted, irrespective of whether EFR or FR mode is

selected. At levels below this (approx. –102 dBm),

distortions can first be heard in FR mode and if the

level is further reduced, distortions will also be heard in

EFR mode.

No echo is heard or the echo is distorted at levels

significantly above –96 dBm. If the mobile phone does

not exhibit any other errors, the fault may be caused by

defective audio signal processing (defective

microphone or loudspeaker etc.).

4-33

Page 93

Test 8.0: Cell Broadcast test Willtek 4100

Test 8.0: Cell Broadcast test

In Test 8.0, the Willtek 4100 sends a text message to the mobile phone. If the phone's decoder is in working order, the received text is displayed.

Preconditions for testing

Cell Broadcast?

The Cell Broadcast service is not to be confused with the SMS (Short Message Service). SMS enables individually addressed messages to be sent across the TCH.

Cell Broadcast transmits public information (e.g. traffic reports or match results) on a cell's BCCH. However, the fact that a mobile phone is able to decode SMS texts (see test 6.0) does not automatically mean that it will also support the Cell Broadcast service.

Message Identifier Page = 0

The Cell Broadcast test can only be run on test units

capable of receiving messages such as these. Unfortunately, a standard procedure for ascertaining this state does not exist. If you cannot find any menu items on your mobile phone entitled Cell Broadcast or Broadcast Call, it is highly likely that the device does not support the service.

If you succeed in finding an appropriate menu item,

switch on the Cell Broadcast function on your mobile phone (if the "page" is to be defined under which messages arrive: Message Identifier Page = 0).

Switch off your mobile phone.

Carry out the usual test preparations (see page 4-4). Your choice of TCH channel number is of no significance. Make sure that the Willtek 4100 is displaying the FAULT FIND menu (this means that the tester is already broadcasting on the BCCH).

Willtek 4X00 GSM

Test - Cell

Broadcast Channel

Message

4-34

Test 8.0 step by step

! Switch on your mobile phone and look at the display.

Test 8.0 result

The text on the left appears on the phone the moment it

connects to the service (the appearance of the text may differ from model to model).

The text does not appear at all or is distorted.

Page 94

Willtek 4100

Additional

Features

5-1

Page 95

Introduction Willtek 4100

Introduction

This chapter only has any relevance for you if

you possess a Willtek 4107S. In case of a Willtek 4107L the only available additional feature is Remote Control (see page 5-8).

A Willtek 4107S has all the same characteristics as the corresponding standard model, but also provides a number of additional features.

Additional features

Asynchronous Mode: The tester evaluates the signals

sent by a GSM telephone in test mode. In Asynchronous Mode, the tester indicates together with other data, information on the RF signal bursts.

Detailed display of where the power-time template has

been violated.

Emission of an unmodulated or defined, modulated carrier signal.

Remote Control of the tester using SCPI commands over the RS-232-C interface (making settings on the tester and querying test results).

5-2

Page 96

Willtek 4100 Asynchronous Mode

Asynchronous Mode

Any GSM mobile phone can be set to "test mode". How

this is achieved and what features are available on a

mobile phone in test mode vary from manufacturer to

manufacturer. It is therefore not possible to provide

generally valid instructions in this document.

Once a mobile phone has been set to test mode, it will

generally no longer react to normal signals. This means

that settings have to be carried out on the mobile

phone itself (either manually or under Remote Control).

In Asynchronous Mode, the Willtek 4107S and the

mobile phone do not exchange signals. Instead, the

tester is permanently set to receive and is able to

evaluate the RF signals from the mobile phone.

5-3

Page 97

Asynchronous Mode Willtek 4100

Preparation and starting

! Connect the mobile phone to the tester and set it to test

mode according to the manufacturer's instructions.

" Set the required test parameters (e.g. channel number,

power level) on the mobile phone according to the manufacturer's instructions.

§ Press [FAULT_FIND] on the Willtek 4107S, use the

cursor keys to select a radio system which matches the mobile phone and confirm your selection with [ENTER].

$ Choose ASYNCHRON from the SELECT MODE menu

and confirm your choice with [ENTER]. You will now see the test menu.

The {1900} softkey only appears if you have selected a multiband radio system.

[FAULT_FIND] + ASYNCHRON + [ENTER]

% Enter the channel number you set on the mobile phone

in the Channel input field and confirm your entry with [ENTER]. You do not have to distinguish between TCH and BCCH as the channel number is only used to tune the receiver in the Willtek 4107S.

& Choose {START} to start measuring in Asynchronous

Mode. The tester will now measure continuously, updating every 2.5 seconds until you choose [ESCAPE]. The channel number cannot be changed during measurement.

Test mode must be terminated on the mobile

phone after the measurements have been completed or before FAULT FIND mode or RF Gen. is called, for example.

5-4

Page 98

Willtek 4100 Asynchronous Mode

Changing bands on multiband devices

If you want to change between the 900/1800 and 1900

bands when testing a multiband phone, proceed as

follows:

! Terminate the current measurement (e.g. in the

900/1800 band) by pressing [ESCAPE].

" Terminate test mode on the mobile phone.

§ Switch the tester to the new band (e.g. the 1900 band)

using the softkey.

$ Set the mobile phone to test mode again and set the

new band.

% Set the new channel number on the mobile phone and

on the tester and press {START} to continue the

measurement.

Emission of a carrier signal

It may be appropriate to feed a defined carrier signal

into the mobile phone for test and adjustment

purposes. This function is available if you press

{RF_Gen.}. As soon as the menu shown on the left

appears, the Willtek 4107S sends a carrier signal

defined by the values entered in the menu. You can

toggle between the values On and Off for Modulation

by selecting the field with the cursor keys and then

pressing [ENTER].

When Modulation is set to On, the frequency of the

carrier signal is offset by +67.7 kHz (relative to the

current channel frequency). This corresponds to a

digital modulation signal in the form 111111...

Press [ESCAPE] to deactivate emission of the carrier

signal.

5-5

Page 99

Asynchronous Mode Willtek 4100

Test results in Asynchronous Mode

The Willtek 4107S displays the following measurements and messages in Asynchronous Mode:

MS Pwr RF transmit power of the mobile phone.

Phase RMS Phase errors of the GSM burst signal (average value).

Phase Peak Phase errors of the GSM burst signal (peak value).

Freq.Err Frequency error of the RF carrier signal.

Power-Time Template Assessment of whether the GSM burst signal lies within

the tolerance zones of the template.

Pass Burst profile is error free.

Fail Burst profile exceeds the tolerance limits at one or

more locations. Three symbols indicate the locations where the tolerance zones were exceeded. These symbols (the Burst Edge Failure Indication) can appear on their own or in combination with the other symbols.

Error in horizontal section of burst waveform

5-6

Error on rising burst edge

Error on falling burst edge

The following diagram illustrates the zones of the power-time template.

Page 100

Willtek 4100 Asynchronous Mode

Burst Length Length of the GSM burst.

Burst Type Detailed information on the characteristics of the GSM

burst. The tester derives this information by comparing

the received bursts with stored reference patterns. The

following messages may appear, depending on the

result:

Burst + T Burst with training sequence.

Cont. The mobile phone transmits a continuous GMSK

modulated RF signal rather than bursts.

—- No detailed information available on the signal.

5-7