ECO Fluorometer
ECO FL
User’s Guide
The user’s guide is an evolving document. If you find sections that are unclear, or missing
information, please let us know. Please check our website periodically for updates.
WET Labs, Inc.
P.O. Box 518
Philomath, OR 97370
541-929-5650
fax: 541-929-5277
www.wetlabs.com
ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012
ECO Sensor Warranty
This unit is guaranteed against defects in materials and workmanship for one year from the
original date of purchase. Warranty is void if the factory determines the unit was subjected to
abuse or neglect beyond the normal wear and tear of field deployment, or in the event the
pressure housing has been opened by the customer.
To return the instrument, contact WET Labs for a Return Merchandise Authorization (RMA) and
ship in the original container. WET Labs is not responsible for damage to instruments during the
return shipment to the factory. WET Labs will supply all replacement parts and labor and pay for
return via 3
rd
day air shipping in honoring this warranty.
Return Policy for Instruments with
Anti-fouling Treatment
WET Labs cannot accept instruments for servicing or repair that are treated with anti-fouling
compound(s). This includes but is not limited to tri-butyl tin (TBT), marine anti-fouling paint,
ablative coatings, etc.
Please ensure any anti-fouling treatment has been removed prior to returning instruments to
WET Labs for service or repair.
Shipping Requirements
1. Please retain the original ruggedized shipping case. It meets stringent shipping and
insurance requirements, and protects your meter.
2. Service and repair work cannot be guaranteed unless the meter is shipped in its original
case.
3. Clearly mark the RMA number on the outside of your case and on all packing lists.
4. Return instruments using 3
Electrical equipment marked with this symbol may not be disposed
of in European public disposal systems. In conformity with EU
Directive 2002/96/EC (as amended by 2003/108/EC), European
users of electrical equipment must return old or end-of-life
equipment to the manufacturer for disposal at no charge to the user.
rd
day air shipping or better: do not ship via ground.
ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012
ii ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012
Table of Contents
1. Overview ........................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Specifications ...................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Connectors .......................................................................................................................... 2
1.3 Delivered Items .................................................................................................................... 3
1.4 Optional Equipment ............................................................................................................. 3
2. Theory of Operation ......................................................................................................... 6
3. Instrument Operation ....................................................................................................... 7
3.1 Initial Checkout .................................................................................................................... 7
3.2 Operating the Sensor for Data Output .................................................................................. 7
3.3 Bio-wiper™ Operation .......................................................................................................... 8
3.4 Deployment ......................................................................................................................... 9
3.5 Upkeep and Maintenance .................................................................................................... 9
4. FLB and FLSB: Using Internal Batteries....................................................................... 12
4.1 Removing End Flange and Batteries .................................................................................. 12
4.2 Replacing End Flange and Batteries .................................................................................. 13
4.3 Checking Vent Plug ........................................................................................................... 14
5. Data Analysis ................................................................................................................. 15
5.1 Scale Factor ...................................................................................................................... 15
5.2 Analog Response............................................................................................................... 15
5.3 Digital Response ................................................................................................................ 16
6. Characterization and Testing ........................................................................................ 17
7. Terminal Communications ............................................................................................ 18
7.1 Interface Specifications ...................................................................................................... 18
7.2 Command List.................................................................................................................... 18
8. Device and Output Files ................................................................................................ 19
8.1 Plot Header........................................................................................................................ 19
8.2 Column Count Specification ............................................................................................... 19
8.3 Column Description ............................................................................................................ 19
8.4 Sample Device File ............................................................................................................ 20
8.5 Sample Output Files .......................................................................................................... 21
Appendix A: Mounting Bracket Drawing .......................................................................... 22
WET Labs WEEE Policy ........................................................................................................ 23
WEEE Return Process ................................................................................................................. 23
ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012 i
FL(RT)
FL(RT)D
FL
FLS FLB FLSB
Mechanical
Environmental
Electrical
Optional anti
-
fouling
1. Overview
WET Labs offers a range of the Environmental Characterization Optics (ECO) series
fluorometers for the following measurements: chlorophyll, Colored Dissolved Organic Matter,
uranine, rhodamine, and phycocyanin and phycoerythrin. This section includes meter and
connector specifications, delivered items and descriptions of features, including internal batteries
and Bio-wiper™.
1.1 Specifications
FL(RT)—Provides analog or RS-232 serial output with 16,000-count range. This unit provides
continuous operation when powered.
FL(RT)D—Provides the capabilities of the FL(RT) with 6,000-meter depth rating.
FL—Provides the capabilities of the FL(RT) with periodic sampling.
FLS—Provides the capabilities of the FL with an integrated anti-fouling bio-wiper™.
FLB—Provides the capabilities of the FL with internal batteries for autonomous operation.
FLSB—Provides the capabilities of the FLS with internal batteries for autonomous operation.
Diameter
Length
Weight (in air)
Weight (in water)
Pressure housing
Temperature range
Depth rating
Optional pressure sensor
Optional thermistor
Digital output resolution
Analog output signal
Internal data logging
Internal batteries
Connector
Input voltage
Current, typical
Current, sleep
Data memory
Sample rate
RS-232 output
6.3 cm
12.7 cm 17.68 cm 12.7 cm 13.3 cm 27.4 cm 27.99 cm
0.4 kg 1.3 kg 0.4 kg 0.5 kg 0.96 kg
0.02 kg 0.75 kg 0.02 kg 0.08 kg 0.14 kg
acetal titanium Acetal copolymer
0–30 deg C
600 m 6000 m 600 m 300 m
No Yes
No Yes
14 bit
0–5 V
No No Yes
No Yes
MCBH6M
7–15 VDC
50 mA
-- 85 µA
-- 108,000 samples
to 8 Hz
19200 baud
Bio-wiper™
Bio-wiper™ cycle
ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012 1
No Yes No Yes
-- 140 mA
-- 140 mA
Parameter
EX/EM
Sensitivity
Range
Pin
Function
1 Ground
2 RS-232 (RX)
3 Re
served
4 V in
5 RS-232 (TX)
6 Analog out
Socket
Function
Optical Specifications for Fluorescence Meters
Specifications given below are typical. Linearity for all is 99% R2. Other ranges are available on
request.
Chlorophyll-a (Chl) 470/695 nm
Colored Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM) 370/460 nm
0.02 µg/l
0.09 ppb
0–125 µg/l
0–500 pp
Uranine (UR) (fluorescein) 470/530 nm 0.05 ppb 0–400 ppb
Rhodamine (Rh) 540/570 nm
Phycocyanin (PC) 630/680 nm
Phycoerythrin (PE) 540/570 nm
0.03 ppb
0.03 ppb
0.03 ppb
0–230 ppb
0–230 ppb
0–230 ppb
1.2 Connectors
ECO-series digital fluorometers use a six-pin bulkhead connector. The pin functions for this
connector are shown below.
WARNING
If you are going to build or use a non-WET Labs-built cable, do not use the
wire from pin 3 or the ECO meter will be damaged.
Input power of 7–15 VDC is applied to pin 4. The power supply current returns through the
common ground pin. The input power signal has a bi-directional filter. This prevents external
power supply noise from entering into ECO FL, and also prevents internally generated noise
from coupling out on to the external power supply wire. Data is sent out the serial output pin.
1.2.1 ECO FLB, FLSB Connectors
ECO FLB and FLSB (units with internal batteries) have a second bulkhead connector that
comes with a jumper plug to supply power to the unit. The pin functions for this
connector are shown below.
1 V in
2 N/C
3 Battery out
2 ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012
1.3 Delivered Items
The standard ECO delivery consists of the following:
the instrument itself
dummy plug with lock collar
protective cover for optics
this user’s guide
ECOView user’s guide
ECOView host program and device files (on CD)
instrument-specific calibration sheet
FL(RT), FL, FLS only: stainless steel mounting bracket and hardware (See Appendix A
for details)
Internal battery units: six 9-V Lithium batteries (installed)
Spare Parts
Fluorescent stick for bench testing
Bio-wiper™ units: one 3/32-in. hex key for Bio-wiper™ removal
Bio-wiper™ units: Three 4-40 x 3/8 in. 316 stainless steel screws for securing Bio-wiper™
Additional spare parts for internal battery units
Two end flange O-rings (size 224) and two vent plug O-rings (size 010)
Two jacking screws for connector flange removal
One 3/32-in. hex key for jacking screws
Blue-tipped power plug for autonomous operation
Three pre-cut segments (7 inches) of 0.036-inch diameter monofilament for end flange
Three pre-cut segments (0.25 inches) of 0.094-inch diameter white nylon bar stock
for replacing the white plastic dowel pin.
1.4 Optional Equipment
1.4.1 Test Cable
A test cable is optionally available with each unit. This cable includes:
1. An inline connector for providing power to the instrument from a user-supplied 9V
battery.
2. An auxiliary analog out connector.
3. A DB-9 serial interface connector.
4. A six-socket connector for providing power and signal to the instrument.
1.4.2 Copper Faceplate
ECO meters are optionally equipped with copper faceplates to improve the meter’s
resistance to biofouling. Refer to Section 3.5.1 for important details on maintenance and
cleaning.
1.4.3 Bio-wiper™ and Copper Faceplate
The FLNTUS and FLNTUSB are equipped with an integrated non-contact anti-fouling Biowiper™ and copper faceplate for use in extended deployments. This wiper can be manually
controlled by a host controller package, or can perform autonomously as part of a preprogrammed sampling sequence upon instrument power-up. The rate of closure and
opening is dependent upon both temperature and depth.
ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012 3
Refer to Section 3.5.1 for important details on the maintenance and cleaning of the Biowiper™ and copper faceplate.
WARNING!
Do NOT rotate the Bio-wiper™ manually. This can damage the wiper motor and will
void the warranty.
1.4.4 Batteries
ECO units with internal batteries are supplied with six 9-volt Lithium batteries as their
power source. They can use either standard alkaline cells for a total capacity of
approximately 1000 mA-hrs, or for longer deployments, LiMnO2 cells to achieve more
than 2000 mA-hrs of operational capacity. Actual total usage time of the internal batteries
is a function of several parameters. These include nominal water temperature, sequence
timing, sample periods, and total deployment duration.
For even greater deployment capability contact WET Labs for information on external
battery packs.
1.4.5 External Thermistor
ECO meters are optionally equipped with an external thermistor. The thermistor is
calibrated at WET Labs and the calibration coefficients are supplied on the instrument’s
calibration sheets. Thermistor output is in counts and can be converted into engineering
units using the instrument’s device file and ECOView software or the raw data can be
converted in the user’s software (e.g. MATLAB or Excel) using the calibration equation:
Temperature (deg C) = (Output * Slope) + Intercept
1.4.6 Pressure Sensor
ECO meters are optionally equipped with a strain gauge pressure sensor. The pressure
sensor is calibrated at WET Labs and the calibration coefficients are supplied on the
instrument’s calibration sheets. Pressure sensor output is in counts and can be converted
into engineering units using the instruments device file and ECOView software or the
raw data can be converted in the user's software (e.g. MATLAB or Excel) using the
calibration equation:
Relative Pressure (dbar) = (Output * Slope) + Intercept
Please note that strain gauge pressure sensors are susceptible to atmospheric pressure
changes and should be “zeroed” on each deployment or profile. The calibration equation
for pressure above should be used first to get the relative pressure and the cast offset
should then be subtracted to get the absolute pressure:
Absolute Pressure (dbar) = Relative Pressure (dbar) - Relative Pressure at
Atmospheric/Water interface (dbar)
WARNING!
Do not exceed the pressure sensor’s depth rating (see calibration sheet).
4 ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012
Pressure Sensor Maintenance
A plastic fitting filled with silicone oil provides a buffer between the pressure
transducer and seawater. The transducer is both sensitive and delicate. Following the
procedures below will ensure the best results and longest life from your pressure
sensor.
Pressure is transmitted from the water to the stainless steel transducer diaphragm via a
plastic fitting filled with silicone oil. The inert silicone oil protects the pressure sensor
from corrosion, which would occur after long exposure to salt water. The fitting will
generally prevent the oil from escaping from the reservoir into the water. However,
you may occasionally wish to ensure that oil remains in the reservoir on top of the
transducer.
WARNING!
Never touch or push on the transducer.
1. Thoroughly clean the top of the instrument.
2. Completely remove the white nylon Swagelock fitting using a 9/16-in. wrench.
3. Check for obstructions in the tiny hole. Blow clear with compressed air or use a
small piece of wire.
4. Wipe clean the o-ring at the base of the Swagelock fitting.
5. Screw the Swagelock fitting into the end flange until finger tight.
6. Tighten it an additional 1/8 turn using a wrench only if necessary.
7. Wipe up any excess oil.
ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012 5
2. Theory of Operation
The Environmental Characterization Optics, or ECO miniature fluorometer allows the user to
measure relative chlorophyll, CDOM, uranine, phycocyanin, or phycoerythrin concentrations by
directly measuring the amount of fluorescence emission in a sample volume of water. The ECO
uses an LED to provide the excitation source. An interference filter is used to reject the small
amount of out-of-band light emitted by the LED. The light from the source enters the water
volume at an angle of approximately 55–60 degrees with respect to the end face of the unit.
Fluoresced light is received by a detector positioned where the acceptance angle forms a 140degree intersection with the source beam. An interference filter is used to discriminate against
the scattered excitation light.
6 ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012
Optical configuration of ECO fluorometer
UV LEDs emit intense UV light during operation.
3. Instrument Operation
Operating environment notice
ECO sensors are precision instruments. Data transfers should be performed away from harsh
environments such as strong electric fields or electrostatic discharge sources. If used in a such an
environment, there is a chance that the sensor may experience disturbances that will temporarily stop
data transfers. In that event, move the sensor to a location further from the electric field or ESD
source. Reset the sensor by momentarily turning its power supply off, then on.
Please note that certain aspects of instrument operation are configuration-dependent. These are
noted where applicable within the manual.
3.1 Initial Checkout
Supplied from the factory, ECOs are configured to begin continuously sampling upon poweron. Electrical checkout of ECO is straightforward.
UV LED Safety Note—CDOM Fluorometers
Do not look directly into a UV LED while it is in operation,
as it can be harmful to the eyes, even for brief periods.
If it is necessary to view a UV LED, use suitable UV-
filtered glasses or goggles to avoid damage to the eyes.
Keep UV LEDs and products containing them out of the
reach of children.
Take appropriate precautions, including those above, with
pets or other living organisms that might suffer injury or
damage from exposure to UV emissions.
Connect the 6-socket connector on the optional test cable to the instrument to provide power to
the LEDs and electronics (see Section 1 for a diagram of the pin-outs of ECO FL). Connect the
battery leads on the test cable to the 9V battery supplied with the meter. Light should emanate
from the meter.
This label is affixed to all products
containing UV LEDs.
3.1.1 Analog Option
Connect a digital multimeter (DMM) to the auxiliary leg of the test cable: the center of the
RCA connector provides analog out signal and the outside provides ground. With the
sensor face clean and dry the instrument should read approximately 0.050–0.095 VDC. The
analog signal will saturate at 5 volts.
3.2 Operating the Sensor for Data Output
ECO meters are sensitive to AC light. Before making measurement, turn AC lighting off.
ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012 7
Note
1. Connect the 6-socket connector to the instrument to provide power to the LEDs and
electronics. Connect the DB-9 connector to a computer with the ECOView host program
installed on it.
WARNING!
Always use a regulated power supply to provide power to ECO sensors if not using the
9V battery provided with the test cable: power spikes may damage the meter.
2. Start ECOView. Select the appropriate COM Port and Device File. Supply power to the
meter, then click on the Start Data button. Output will appear in the Raw Data window.
Test the instrument’s signal using the fluorescent stick. ECO is sensitive to room lighting;
for best results, perform test in ambient light only (turn off AC lighting). Remove the
protective cover. Hold the fluorescent stick 1–4 cm above the optical paths in an orientation
that maximizes exposure of the stick. (Parallel with the beams, not intersecting them). The
signal will increase toward saturation (maximum value on characterization sheet). When
applying power to sensors with a Bio-wiper™, it will open and, depending on the settings,
operate until you select Stop Data in ECOView (or input !!!!! in a terminal program)
The Bio-wiper™ will close and the instrument will await the next command.
3. If the sensor completes the requested samples (this is common for meters set up in moored
applications), it will go into sleep mode, and the meter will not light when power is cycled.
To “wake” the meter, click Stop Data five times at the rate of two times a second
immediately upon supplying power. This interrupts the sensor, returning it to a “ready”
state, awaiting commands.
4. Check the settings for the ECO and change if necessary. ECOView factory settings for
continuous operation:
Set Number of Samples = 0
Set Number of Cycles = 0.
Internal Memory=On
5. If the meter does not light after performing step 3, check the battery. Replace if necessary,
perform steps 2 and 3 to verify communication. If it still does not light, contact WET Labs.
Refer to the ECOView User’s Guide for details about using the software.
3.3 Bio-wiper™ Operation
The ECO-FLS and -FLSB are provided with an anti-fouling Bio-wiper™ and faceplate that
extend the possible deployment duration by retarding biological growth on the instrument’s
optical surface. The Bio-wiper™ covers the optical surface: 1) while the instrument is in
“sleep” mode; 2) when it has completed the number of samples requested; and 3) when the
user selects Stop Data in ECOView or types “!!!!!” in a terminal program. When the meter
wakes up, the optical surface is exposed by the Bio-wiper’s™ counter-clockwise rotation.
If power is shut off in mid cycle, the Bio-wiper™ will reinitialize to the beginning of the userselected settings when power is applied again.
8 ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012
3.4 Deployment
WARNING!
Battery-equipped units:
Always check vent seal plug for full insertion immediately prior to deployment.
Caution
The meter should be mounted so the LED source will not “see” any part of a cage or
deployment hardware. This will compromise the sensor’s output.
Once power is supplied to the ECO meter, the unit is ready for submersion and subsequent
measurements. Some consideration should be given to the package orientation. Do not face the
sensor directly into the sun or other bright lights. For best output signal integrity, locate the
instrument away from significant EMI sources.
Other than these basic considerations, one only needs to make sure that the unit is securely
mounted to whatever lowering frame is used and that the mounting brackets are not damaging the
unit casing.
3.5 Upkeep and Maintenance
We highly recommend that ECO meters be returned to the factory annually for cleaning,
calibration and standard maintenance. Contact WET Labs or visit our website for details on
returning meters and shipping.
After each cast or exposure of the instrument to natural water, flush with clean fresh water,
paying careful attention to the sensor face. Use soapy water to cut any grease or oil
accumulation. Gently wipe clean with a soft cloth. The sensor face is composed of ABS plastic
and optical epoxy and can easily be damaged or scratched.
WARNING!
Do not use acetone or other solvents to clean the sensor.
3.5.1 Bio-wiper™ and Faceplate Cleaning and Maintenance
The Bio-wiper™ and the copper faceplate need to be removed from the meter for thorough
cleaning to maximize anti-fouling capability.
1. Be sure the meter is NOT powered or connected to a power source prior to uninstalling
the Bio-wiper™ and faceplate.
WARNING!
Manually turning the motor shaft can damage the wiper motor and will void the warranty.
Make sure the Bio-wiper™ is loosened from the shaft before attempting to rotate it.
ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012 9
2. Remove Bio-wiper™: Use the factory-supplied 3/32-in. hex key to loosen the screw
that secures the wiper to the shaft on the instrument. It may be necessary to remove the
screw from the clamping hole and screw it into the releasing hole, tightening it just
enough to free the Bio-wiper™ from the shaft.
clamping screw hole
releasing screw hole
3. Remove faceplate: Use a small Phillips screwdriver to remove the screws that attach the
plate to the optics head.
WARNING!
Be sure to retain and re-use the factory-installed screws as they are vented for
pressure compensation.
4. Wash Bio-wiper™ and/or copper faceplate with soapy water. Rinse and dry thoroughly.
Note the condition of the copper on the instrument side of the wiper. It is normal for
copper to corrode and turn green, especially after the instrument has been removed
from the water. This corrosion will slightly reduce the wiper’s anti-fouling ability the
next time it is deployed.
5. Buff each with a pad of green Scotch Brite® (or similar) until shiny.
6. Clean the Bio-wiper™ shaft and the shaft hole using an isopropyl alcohol-saturated
cotton swab. Allow to dry.
7. Re-install faceplate.
8. Check the screw used to secure the Bio-wiper™ to the shaft: a hex key must fit
snugly into the screw socket. If the socket is in any way compromised, use a new
screw (4-40 x 3/8 in. 316 stainless steel treated with anti-seize. These are shipped
as part of the meter’s spare parts kit.)
9. Slide the Bio-wiper™ over the shaft. Be careful not to twist it on, thus rotating the
shaft. If the wiper does not slide on easily, insert the screw into the expander hole,
turning slowly until the Bio-wiper™ slides easily onto the shaft.
10 ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012
10. Rotate the Bio-wiper™ into the closed position.
11. Set the gap between the Bio-wiper™ and the instrument face to 0.03 in. (0.8 mm). An
improperly set gap will either fail to clean the face or cause the motor to draw
excessive current.
To gauge 0.03 in., fold a piece of paper in
half, then in half again, then fold a third time,
creasing the edges. It’s now 8 sheets and
about 0.03 in. thick.
Not enough flex.
Wiper may not be effective.
12. Use the 3/32-in. hex key to tighten the screw to “finger-tight,” then snug an additional
quarter-turn.
13. Run the instrument to verify operation. The Bio-wiper™ must rotate 180 degrees to
clear the optics before sampling, and 180 degrees to cover the optics after sampling.
14. If the wiper needs adjusting, loosen the screw, make any necessary adjustments, and
repeat steps 9 through 13 to ensure the wiper is performing properly.
Proper flex.
Wiper maintains contact with
instrument face and
optical window.
Too much flex.
Wiper may cause too much
friction, using excessive
power.
ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012 11
4. FLB and FLSB: Using Internal Batteries
ECO sensors powered with internal batteries can either run directly from the internal batteries or
can operate from power supplied by an external DC power supply (7–15 volts). Internal-toexternal source conversion is facilitated by a jumper plug that plugs into the unit’s bulkhead
connector. When inserted, the plug forms a connection from the battery to the electronics power
supply. By removing the plug, the instrument can be powered and communicate via a test or
deployment cable. Setup conditions, instrument checkout, real-time operation, and data
downloading are thus all achieved identically to the methods prescribed for the FL and FLS units.
4.1 Removing End Flange and Batteries
WARNING!
Changing the batteries will require opening the pressure housing of the ECO sensor. Only
people qualified to service underwater oceanographic instrumentation should perform this
procedure. If this procedure is performed improperly, it could result in catastrophic
instrument failure due to flooding or in personal injury or death due to abnormal internal
pressure as a result of flooding.
WET Labs Inc. disclaims all product liability from the use or servicing of this equipment.
WET Labs Inc. has no way of controlling the use of this equipment or of choosing qualified
personnel to operate it, and therefore cannot take steps to comply with laws pertaining to
product liability, including laws that impose a duty to warn the user of any dangers
involved with the operation and maintenance of this equipment. Therefore, acceptance of
this equipment by the customer shall be conclusively deemed to include a covenant by the
customer to defend and hold WET Labs Inc. harmless from all product liability claims
arising from the use and servicing of this equipment. Flooded instruments will be covered
by WET Labs Inc. warranties at the discretion of WET Labs, Inc.
1. Make sure the instrument is thoroughly dry.
2. Remove the dummy plugs.
3. With connector end flange pointed downwards away from face, release seal from vent plug.
4. Remove moisture from vent plug area.
5. Using needle nose pliers, remove filament from end flange.
6. Lift flange from pressure housing until seal is broken. The jacking screws can be used to
“push” the flange from the pressure housing and then can be removed or left in the end
flange.
7. Remove any excess moisture from flange–can seal area.
8. Work end flange out of pressure housing and remove any residual moisture. Remove the
gray foam spacer and the neoprene insulator.
12 ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012
9. The battery pack is connected to the processor boards by a six-pin Molex connector: do
NOT pull too hard or far on the battery pack or it will come unplugged and the unit
returned to WET Labs.
10. Gently pull the white cord at the loop to remove the battery pack from the pressure
housing.
11. Remove the black plastic protectors from the ends of the long screws securing the batteries.
12. Loosen and remove the screws (3/16-in slotted driver).
4.2 Replacing End Flange and Batteries
1. Replace the batteries.
2. Re-install the screws:
Align the groove in each of the plates so the six-wire extension bundle will fit in it
along its length.
Be careful not to cross-thread into the bottom end plate nor to over-tighten the screws.
If they are too tight, the fiber washers that act as separators between the batteries will
flex.
Make sure there are equal amounts of screw threads protruding from the bottom end
plate when they are secure. This will ensure the pack is straight and will fit into the
pressure housing with no difficulty.
3. Re-install the black plastic protective covers on the ends of the screws.
4. Remove and check the pressure housing O-ring for nicks or tears. Replace if necessary.
Before re-installing, apply a light coat of vacuum grease on the O-ring.
5. Carefully replace the battery pack in the pressure housing. Place the neoprene insulator on
the battery assembly and lay the white cord on the top.
6. Plug in the two-pin, then the six-pin Molex connectors. Sensor operation can now be tested
if desired.
7. Align the hole in the end flange (NOT the jack screw holes) with the white dowel pin.
While coiling the six wire bundle and making sure none are pinched between the end
flange and the pressure housing, position the flange on the housing. Leave space to reinsert the gray foam spacer, making sure the cut-out accommodates the vent plug screw.
8. Push the end flange all the way on to the pressure housing, making sure no wires are
pinched. Be sure the vent plug does not pop up. If it does, you’ll need to re-position the
foam spacer.
9. Re-insert the monofilament.
ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012 13
4.3 Checking Vent Plug
If there is fouling on the vent plug, it should be cleaned and the two 010 O-rings replaced.
Otherwise, this mechanism should be maintenance-free.
WARNING!
The pressure housing is made of plastic material that scratches easily. Do not
let the screwdriver slip and scratch the can when removing or replacing the
vent plug. Use a toothpick (something softer than the plastic) to remove the
O-rings from the vent plug.
1. Pull vent plug out about half way; hold plug while unscrewing the truss screw. When screw
is removed, pull vent plug from end flange.
2. “Pinch” bottom O-ring around vent plug to form a small gap you can work a toothpick into.
Use the toothpick to help roll the bottom O-ring off the plug.
3. Perform the same procedure with the top O-ring.
4. Clean the vent plug and vent plug hole using a dry lint-free tissue or cotton swab.
5. Lightly coat two undamaged or new O-rings with silicon grease. Install the top O-ring
(nearest to large end of plug) first, then the bottom one.
6. Insert vent plug into its hole in the end flange and hold it while inserting the truss screw.
Rotate the vent plug to begin tightening the screw. Finish tightening using a screwdriver,
being careful not to overtighten truss screw.
Note
A portion of the truss screw head has been removed to allow for venting in case of
pressure buildup.
14 ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012
5. Data Analysis
Raw data from the ECO meter is output in counts from the sensor, ranging from 0 to
approximately 16000. The ECOView host program will automatically perform the necessary
calculations for fluorescence data in the form of µg/l (chlorophyll), or ppb (other fluorescence
measurements).
5.1 Scale Factor
The scale factor is factory-calculated by obtaining a consistent output of a solution with a
known concentration, then subtracting the meter’s dark counts. The scale factor, dark counts,
and other characterization values are given on the instrument’s characterization sheet.
For chlorophyll, WET Labs uses the chlorophyll equivalent concentration (CEC) as the signal
output using a fluorescent proxy approximately equal to 25 µg/l of a Thalassiosira weissflogii
phytoplankton culture.
Scale Factor = 25 µg/l (Chl Equivalent Concentration – dark counts)
For example: 25 (3198 – 71) = 0.0080.
For CDOM, uranine (fluorescein), and phycoerythrin, WET Labs uses a solution where x is the
meter output in counts of the concentration of the solution used during instrument
characterization.
Scale Factor = 308 ppb (meter output, counts – dark counts)
For example: 308 (4148 - 56) = 0.0753.
The scale factor is then applied to the output signal to provide the direct conversion of the
output to chlorophyll concentration. WET Labs supplies a scale factor that can be found on the
instrument-specific calibration sheet that ships with each meter. While this constant can be
used to obtain approximate values, field calibration is highly recommended.
5.2 Analog Response
The ECO FL response is linear over the measurement range provided. Because of the varied
environments in which each user will work, it is important to perform calibrations using similar
seawater as you expect to encounter in situ. Refer to characterization section for further details.
This will provide an accurate blank, equivalent phytoplankton types and similar physiological
conditions for calculating the scale factor, thereby providing an accurate and meaningful
calibration. Once a zero point has been determined and a scale factor established, the
conversion of DC volts to chlorophyll, CDOM, uranine, or phycoerythrin concentration is
straightforward using the equation:
[XX]
sample
= (V
– Vdc) * Scale Factor
output
ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012 15
where
[XX]
V
output
= concentration of a sample of interest (g/l or ppb)
sample
= voltage output when measuring a sample of interest
Vdc = dark counts, the measured signal output (in VDC) of meter in clean water with black
tape over the detector
Scale factor = multiplier in g/l/volts or ppb/volts
5.3 Digital Response
Digital data is processed in a similar fashion to analog data. Scaling is linear, and obtaining a
“calibrated” output simply involves subtracting a digital dark counts value and multiplying the
difference by the instrument scaling factor.
[XX]
sample
= (C
– Cdc) * Scale Factor
output
where
[XX]
C
output
= concentration of a sample of interest (g/l or ppb)
sample
= raw counts output when measuring a sample of interest
Cdc = dark counts, the measured signal output of meter in clean water with black tape over
the detector
Scale factor = multiplier in g/l/counts or ppb/counts
16 ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012
6. Characterization and Testing
Each meter is configured for a typical measurement range given in Section 1.1. Gain selection is
performed by setting several gain settings inside the instrument, and running a dilution series to
determine the zero voltage offset and to ensure that the dynamic range covers the measurement
range of interest. The dilution series also establishes the linearity of the instrument’s response. As
is the case with other fluorometers, a detailed characterization must be done by the user to
determine the actual zero point and scale factor for his/her particular use.
The tests below ensure the meter’s performance.
1. Dark Counts: The meter’s baseline reading in the absence of source light is the dark count
value. This is determined by measuring the signal output of the meter in clean, de-ionized
water with black tape over the detector.
2. Pressure: To ensure the integrity of the housing and seals, ECOs are subjected to a wet
hyperbaric test before final testing. The testing chamber applies a water pressure of at least
50 PSI.
3. Mechanical Stability: Before final testing, the ECO-FL meters are subjected to a
mechanical stability test. This involves subjecting the unit to mild vibration and shock.
Proper instrument functionality is verified afterwards.
4. Electronic Stability: This value is computed by collecting a sample once every second for
twelve hours or more. After the data is collected, the standard deviation of this set is
calculated and divided by the number of hours the test ran. The stability value must be less
than 2.0 counts/hour.
5. Noise: Noise is computed from a standard deviation over 60 samples. These samples are
collected at one-second intervals for one minute. A standard deviation is then performed on
the 60 samples, and the result is the published noise on the calibration form. The calculated
noise must be below 2 counts.
6. Voltage and Current Range Verification: To verify the ECO operates over the entire
specified voltage range (7–15V), a voltage test is performed at 7 and 15V, and the current
draw and operation is observed. The current must remain constant at both 7 and 15V.
.
ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012 17
!!!!! none
Stops data collection; allows user to input setup parameters.
$asv
1, 2, or 4
$ave
single number, 1 to 65535
Number of measurements for each reported value
Single
-
channel chlorophyll fluorometers only: toggles column
$clk 24hr format time, hhmmss
Sets the time in the Real Time Cl
ock
$dat date, format mmddyy
Sets the date in the Real Time Clock
$get none
$int 24hr format time, hhmmss
Time interval b
etween packets in a set
$mnu
none
Prints the menu, including time and date
$mvs
1 (on) or 0 (off)
$rls none
Reloads settings from flash
$run
none
Executes the current settings
$set single number, 0 to 65535
Number of packets in a set
$ugl 0 to 255
7. Terminal Communications
As an alternative to the ECOView host software, ECO sensors can be controlled from a
terminal emulator or customer-supplied interface software. This section outlines hardware
requirements and low-level interface commands for this type of operation.
7.1 Interface Specifications
baud rate: 19200
stop bits: 1
data bits: 8
flow control: none
parity: none
7.2 Command List
Command Parameters passed Description
Note that if the meter is in a sleep state, the power must be
turned off for a minute, then powered on while the “!” key is
held down for several seconds. If this does not “wake” the
meter, refer to the ECOView user’s guide Operation Tip to
“wake” a meter in a low power sleep state to enable inputting
setup parameters.
Analog scaling value. Counts will be divided by this for analog
output: a value of 4 will make the analog output cover the whole
output range; 2 will cover half, and 1 will cover only the bottom
fourth of the 14-bit count range (fluorometers only).
$cal 1 (on) or 0 (off)
$emc none Erases the Atmel memory chip, displays menu when done
outputting “processed” data (µg/l).
Reads data out of Atmel memory chip. Prints "etx" when
completed.
$pkt single number, 0 to 65535 Number of individual measurements in each packet
$rec 1 (on) or 0 (off) Enables or disables recording data to Atmel memory chip
$sto none Stores current settings to internal flash
18 ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012
µg/l conversion value (calculates slope x 10,000). Fluorometer
only.
8. Device and Output Files
Each meter is shipped with a CD containing the meter-specific device file, a sample output
file, characterization information, ECOView host program, and the applicable user’s guides.
The ECOView host program requires a device file to provide engineering unit outputs for
any of its measurements. Except for the first line in the device file, all lines of information
in the device file that do not conform to one of the descriptor headers will be ignored. Every
ECOView device file has three required elements: Plot Header, Column Count
Specification, and Column Description.
8.1 Plot Header
The first line in the device file is used as the plot header for the ECOView Plots.
8.2 Column Count Specification
The Column Count Specification identifies how many columns of data to expect. It
follows the format “Column=n.” The Column Count Specification must be present
before any of the Column Descriptions are listed.
8.3 Column Description
Every column in the ECO meter’s output must have a corresponding Column
Description in the device file. The following notation is used in identifying the elements
of each Column Description.
x = the column number, starting with 1 as the 1st column
sc = scale
dc = dark counts—meter output in clean water with optics head taped
mw = measurement wavelength—wavelength used by the sensor for its measurement
dw = display wavelength—wavelength/color range (380–780 nm)
v = measured volts dc
Valid Column Descriptions are listed in the subsections below.
8.3.1 Fluorescence Measurements
CHL=x sc dc
IENGR=x
PHYCOERYTHRIN=x sc dc
URANINE=x sc dc
RHODAMINE=x sc dc
CDOM=x sc dc
8.3.2 Miscellaneous
Date=x MM/DD/YY
Time=x HH:MM:SS
N/U=x The column is Not Used
ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012 19
Single sensor fluorometers have optional parameters that can be used to modify
either the analog output or the internally calculated engineering units output. To vary
the output range of a single sensor fluorometer, use the following parameters:
maxvoltage=v
ASV1=sc1
ASV2=sc2
ASV4=sc4
where v is the maximum output of the sensor, and scx is an engineering unit per volt
scale for each scale setting. Multiply v by scx to get the maximum output value for
each Analog Scale Setting. These parameters are shown on the
FL-Setup
tab of
ECOView.
The internally calculated fluorescence values, engineering scale, offset, and output
can also be set from the
FL-Setup
tab. Engineering units are displayed through
ECOView where appropriate. The parameters for changing the internally calculated
engineering units are:
iengrscale=sc
iengroffset=off
iengrunits=label where label is any continuous character string.
8.4 Sample Device File
Below is a sample device file without engineering output for an ECO FL with an
external thermistor.
ECO FLSB-322
Created on: 6/23/2008
: chl=ug/l
: "iengrunits = µg/l for CHL. ppb for CDOM, uranine, PE."
: column 5 = input scale factor and offset.
maxvoltage= 4.96
asv1= 6.4569
asv2= 12.9086
asv4= 25.8692
COLUMNS=5
N/U=1
N/U=2
N/U=3
Chl=4 0.0078 65
XTEMP=5 -0.0057 72.8832
20 ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012
Date
Time
N/U
Chl Sig
Therm
Date
Time
Chl sig
N/U
Chl sig
N/U
Below is a sample device file with engineering output for an ECO FL with an external
thermistor.
ECO FLSB-322
Created on: 06/23/08
iengrunits=µg/l
iengrscaleoffset=5
: chl=ug/l
: "iengrunits = µg/l for CHL, PC, PE. Ppb for CDOM and uranine."
: column 5 = input scale factor and offset.
maxvoltage= 4.96
asv1= 6.4569
asv2= 12.9086
asv4= 25.8692
: Has internal CHL in meter output
COLUMNS=6
N/U=1
N/U=2
IENGR=3
N/U=4
Chl=5 0.0078 65
XTEMP=6 -0.0057 72.8832
8.5 Sample Output Files
The reference column is unused by both firmware versions, but in 3.01 the emission
wavelength of the chlorophyll signal is displayed.
8.5.1 Firmware Versions 3.01 and Higher
Below is a sample output file for an ECO chlorophyll fluorometer equipped with an
optional external thermistor.
(MM/DD/YY)
6/14/2008 7:57:55 695 75 16380
6/14/2008 7:57:56 695 76 16380
6/14/2008 7:57:57 695 75 16380
6/14/2008 7:57:58 695 74 16380
6/14/2008 7:57:59 695 74 16380
6/14/2008 7:58:00 695 75 16380
(HH:MM:SS)
(counts)
Below is a sample output file with engineering units (µg/l) for an ECO chlorophyll
fluorometer with no external thermistor.
(MM/DD/YY)
6/14/2008 7:57:55 26.99 695 3535 544
6/14/2008 7:57:56 26.91 695 3525 545
6/14/2008 7:57:57 27.06 695 3544 545
6/14/2008 7:57:58 26.82 695 3513 545
(HH:MM:SS)
(µg/l)
()
(counts)
(Therm)
ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012 21
Date
Time
N/U Chl Sig
N/U
(Therm)
Date
Time
Chl sig
N/U
Chl sig
N/U
(Therm)
8.5.2 Firmware Versions Prior to 3.01
Sample output in counts, no engineering units or external thermistor.
6/14/2008 7:57:55 5194 75 540
6/14/2008 7:57:56 5199 76 540
6/14/2008 7:57:57 5201 75 540
6/14/2008 7:57:58 5202 74 540
6/14/2008 7:57:59 5203 74 540
6/14/2008 7:58:00 5203 75 540
Sample output file with processed data (in µg/l), no external thermistor.
(MM/DD/YY)
6/14/2008 7:57:55 26.99 5194 3535 544
6/14/2008 7:57:56 26.91 5199 3525 545
6/14/2008 7:57:57 27.06 5201 3544 545
6/14/2008 7:57:58 26.82 5202 3513 545
(HH:MM:SS)
(µg/l)
(counts)
Appendix A: Mounting Bracket Drawing
22 ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012
WET Labs WEEE Policy
In accordance with Directive 2002/96/EC and the Council of 27 January 2003, WET Labs policy
regarding the collection and management of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE)
is published here and is available at www.wetlabs.com.
A core component of our corporate vision is to accept responsibility for preserving our
environment and we embrace the opportunity to work with our customers and the EU to reduce
the environmental impact resulting from the continuous improvement of our products.
WEEE Return Process
To meet the requirements of the WEEE Directive, WET Labs has instituted a product
end-of-life take back program. To arrange return for an end-of-life WEEE product:
1. Contact WET Labs Customer Service
o By phone: 1-541-929-5650
o By email: support@ wetlabs.com
WET Labs will provide:
WEEE RMA number
Shipping account number, method, and address
2. Package and ship the WEEE back to WET Labs
WEEE will be processed in accordance with WET Labs’ equipment end-of-life
recycling plan.
ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012 23
Revision
Date
Revision Description
Originator
Revision History
A 10/16/02 New document (DCR 242) W. Strubhar, D. Whiteman
B 10/23/02 Add mounting bracket description (DCR 251) A. Derr
C 11/12/02 Add analog capability for (RT) models (DCR 254) I. Walsh
D 2/10/03 Delete battery warning (DCR 272) D. Whiteman
E 2/24/03 Change “shutter” to “bio-wiper™” (DCR 280) H. Van Zee
F 3/03/03 Add Terminal Communications section (DCR 283) I. Walsh
G 4/14/03 Add stop command to terminal communications (DCR 292) W. Strubhar
H 5/29/03 Add analog signal option to section 3.1.1 (DCR 302) I. Walsh
Add CDOM, Uranine, PC and PE; add deliverable items (DCR
I 8/6/03
J 9/22/03 Correct paragraph in 8.3.2 (DCR 336) H. Van Zee
K 10/27/03 Correct device file and date format (DCR 341) D. Romanko
L 11/24/03 Modify explanation for stop data collection command (DCR 342) W. Strubhar
M 11/25/03 Update specifications table (DCR 338) I. Walsh
N 2/17/04
O 3/10/04
P 5/11/04
Q 6/29/04 Update specs (DCR 400) I. Walsh
R 9/20/04 Correct sensitivity and excitation values (DCR 427) I. Walsh
R1 9/27/04 Add draft text for optional thermistor and pressure sensor text I. Walsh
S 9/28/04 Finalize draft (DCR 429) I. Walsh
T 10/14/04
U 7/26/05 Replace Clean Water Offset with Dark Counts (DCR 468) M. Johnson
V 12/7/05
W 1/13/06 Clarify warranty statement (DCR 481) A. Gellatly, S. Proctor
X 3/3/06 Add copper faceplate (DCR 490, ECN 217) H. Van Zee, I. Walsh
Y 5/31/06
Z 6/28/06
AA 7/27/06
AB 9/28/06 Update specifications (DCR 507) M. Johnson
AC 11/1/06
AD 9/11/07
AE 10/22/07
AF 7/10/08
AG 9/9/08 Add phycocyanin spec (DCR 614) I. Walsh
AH 12/23/09 Administrative corrections to text (DCR 689) H. Van Zee
AI 1/21/10 Admin change to organization (DCR 692) H. Van Zee
AJ 9/2/10 Add UV LED safety note for CDOM units (DCR 713) A. Barnard, H. Van Zee
AK 9/21/10 Update sensitivity, range, current draw (DCR 695) I. Walsh
AL 5/9/11 Update sensitivity, range for phycocyanin (DCR 762) M. Johnson, H. Van Zee
AM 9/14/11 Add WEEE statements (DCN 775) H. Van Zee
AN 6/4/12 Add ESD operating notice (DCN 798) J. Pearson, H. Van Zee
320) H. Van Zee
Update bio-wiper maintenance and column description for device
files (DCR 367) A. Derr, I. Walsh
Add new test cable description, operational description,
mounting diagram (DCR 381) A. Derr, D. Whiteman
Update optical specs, remove pin 6 from warning in section 1
(DCR 390) I. Walsh
Add references to Lithium batteries for applicable models (DCR
433) I. Walsh
Clarify Section 5, fluorescent stick description, separate spare
parts (DCR 477)
Correct reference to cleaning section, add annual maintenance
recommendation (DCR 498) S. Proctor
Cleaning and maintenance of modified bio-wiper (ECN 230, DCR
502) A. Derr, H. Van Zee
Change length of securing screw on bio-wiper (ECN # not
assigned; DCR 504) J. da Cunha, H. Van Zee
Correct pressure sensor and thermistor output equations (DCR
509) M. Johnson
Use one instead of two LEDs, (ECN 264) delete reference to
refilling pressure sensor, update shipping requirements (DCR
531) M. Johnson, H. Van Zee
Change unused reference column to display emission
wavelength (ECN 274 ,DCR 544) M. Johnson
Change dark counts derivation to reflect current production
methodology (DCR 600)
H. Van Zee, R. Watte, C.
Wetzel
A. Barnard, M. Johnson,
H. Van Zee
ECO FL User’s Guide (FL) Revision AN 4 June 2012
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