Western Digital WSH722020ALN6L1, WSH722020ALN6L4 User Manual
1
Hard Disk Drive Specification
Hard disk drive specifications
Ultrastar® DC HC650
3.5 inch Serial ATA hard disk drive
Model:
WSH722020ALN6L1
WSH722020ALN6L4
Revision 1.3 19 November 2020
2
Hard Disk Drive Specification
Publication Disclaimer Information
Western Digital Technologies, Inc. or its affiliates’ (collectively “Western Digital”) general policy does not recommend the
use of its products in life support applications where in a failure or malfunction of the product may directly threaten life or
injury. Per Western Digital Terms and Conditions of Sale, the user of Western Digital products in life support applications
assumes all risk of such use and indemnifies Western Digital against all damages. This document is for information use
only and is subject to change without prior notice. Western Digital assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear
in this document, nor for incidental or consequential damages resulting from the furnishing, performance or use of this
material.
Absent a written agreement signed by Western Digital or its authorized representative to the contrary, Western Digital
explicitly disclaims any express and implied warranties and indemnities of any kind that may, or could, be associated with
this document and related material, and any user of this document or related material agrees to such disclaimer as a
precondition to receipt and usage hereof.
Each user of this document or any product referred to herein expressly waives all guaranties and warranties of any kind
associated with this document any related materials or such product, whether expressed or implied, including without
limitation, any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or non-infringement. Each user of
this document or any product referred to herein also expressly agrees Western Digital shall not be liable for any incidental,
punitive, indirect, special, or consequential damages, including without limitation physical injury or death, property
damage, lost data, loss of profits or costs of procurement of substitute goods, technology, or services, arising out of or
related to this document, any related materials or any product referred to herein, regardless of whether such damages are
based on tort, warranty, contract, or any other legal theory, even if advised of this possibility of such damages.
This document and its contents, including diagrams, schematics, methodology, work product, and intellectual property
rights described in, associated with, or implied, by this document, are the sole and exclusive property of Western Digital.
No intellectual property license, express or implied, is granted by Western Digital associated with the document recipient’s
receipt, access and/or use of this document or the products referred to herein; Western Digital retains all rights hereto.
Western Digital, the Western Digital logo and Ultrastar are registered trademarks or trademarks of Western Digital
Corporation or its affiliates in the US and/or other countries. All other marks are the property of their respective owners.
© 2020 Western Digital Corporation or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
References in this publication to Western Digital-branded products, programs, or services do not imply that they will be
made available in all countries. Product specifications provided are sample specifications and do not constitute a warranty.
Actual specifications for unique part numbers may vary. Please visit the Support section of our website,
westerndigital.com/support, for additional information on product specifications. Pictures shown may vary from actual
products.
3
Hard Disk Drive Specification
Table of contents
1 General ................................................................................................................................................................ 17
Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 17
Glossary ........................................................................................................................................... 19
General caution ............................................................................................................................... 19
References ........................................................................................................................................ 19
2 General features .................................................................................................................................................. 20
Part 1. Functional specification ....................................................................................................................... 21
3 Fixed disk subsystem description ....................................................................................................................... 22
Control Electronics ......................................................................................................................... 22
Head disk assembly ........................................................................................................................ 22
Actuator ........................................................................................................................................... 22
4 Drive characteristics ............................................................................................................................................ 23
Default logical drive parameters ................................................................................................... 23
Data sheet ........................................................................................................................................ 24
World Wide Name Assignment ...................................................................................................... 24
Drive organization .......................................................................................................................... 24
4.4.1 Drive Format ............................................................................................................................ 24
4.4.2 Cylinder allocation................................................................................................................... 24
4.4.3 Zone Layout .............................................................................................................................. 24
Performance characteristics ........................................................................................................... 26
4.5.1 Mechanical positioning ............................................................................................................ 26
4.5.2 Drive ready time ...................................................................................................................... 26
4.5.3 Operating modes ...................................................................................................................... 27
5 Defect flagging strategy ....................................................................................................................................... 28
5.1 Shipped format ................................................................................................................................ 28
6 Specification ........................................................................................................................................................ 29
6.1 Electrical interface .......................................................................................................................... 29
6.1.1 Connector location ................................................................................................................... 29
6.1.2 Signal definition....................................................................................................................... 30
6.1.3 Out of band signaling .............................................................................................................. 31
6.2 Environment .................................................................................................................................... 32
6.2.1 Temperature and humidity ..................................................................................................... 32
6.2.2 Storage Requirements ............................................................................................................. 33
6.2.3 Corrosion test ........................................................................................................................... 33
6.2.4 Atmospheric condition ............................................................................................................. 33
6.3 DC power requirements.................................................................................................................. 34
6.3.1 Input voltage ............................................................................................................................ 34
6.3.2 Power supply current .............................................................................................................. 35
6.3.3 Power line noise limits ............................................................................................................ 36
6.3.4 Power Consumption Efficiency ............................................................................................... 36
6.4 Reliability ........................................................................................................................................ 37
6.4.1 Mean time between failures / Annualized failure rate ......................................................... 37
6.4.2 Data integrity ........................................................................................................................... 37
6.4.3 Cable noise interference .......................................................................................................... 37
6.4.4 Load/Unload ............................................................................................................................. 37
6.4.5 Start/stop cycles ....................................................................................................................... 37
6.4.6 Preventive maintenance .......................................................................................................... 37
6.4.7 Data reliability ......................................................................................................................... 37
6.4.8 Required Power-Off Sequence ................................................................................................ 37
6.5 Mechanical specifications ............................................................................................................... 38
6.5.1 Physical dimensions ................................................................................................................ 38
6.5.2 Connector locations ................................................................................................................. 40
4
Hard Disk Drive Specification
6.5.3 Drive mounting ........................................................................................................................ 40
6.5.4 Heads unload and actuator lock ............................................................................................. 40
6.6 Vibration and shock ........................................................................................................................ 41
6.6.1 Operating vibration ................................................................................................................. 41
6.6.2 Nonoperating vibration ........................................................................................................... 42
6.6.3 Operating shock ....................................................................................................................... 42
6.6.4 Nonoperating shock ................................................................................................................. 42
6.6.5 Nonoperating Rotational shock .............................................................................................. 43
6.7 Acoustics .......................................................................................................................................... 44
6.8 Identification labels ........................................................................................................................ 44
6.9 Safety ............................................................................................................................................... 45
6.9.1 UL and CSA standard conformity .......................................................................................... 45
6.9.2 EU Safety standard conformity .............................................................................................. 45
6.9.3 Flammability ............................................................................................................................ 45
6.9.4 Safe handling ........................................................................................................................... 45
6.9.5 Substance restriction requirements ....................................................................................... 45
6.9.6 Secondary circuit protection ................................................................................................... 45
6.10 Electromagnetic compatibility ....................................................................................................... 46
6.10.1 CE Mark ................................................................................................................................... 46
6.10.2 RCM Mark ................................................................................................................................ 46
6.10.3 BSMI Mark .............................................................................................................................. 46
6.10.4 KC Mark ................................................................................................................................... 46
6.11 Third Party Open Source Licenses ................................................................................................ 47
6.11.1 bzip2 .......................................................................................................................................... 47
6.11.2 PCRE ........................................................................................................................................ 48
Part 2. Interface specification .......................................................................................................................... 49
7 General ................................................................................................................................................................ 50
7.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 50
7.2 Terminology ..................................................................................................................................... 50
7.3 Deviations From Standard ............................................................................................................. 50
8 Registers ............................................................................................................................................................. 51
8.1 Alternate Status Register............................................................................................................... 51
8.2 Command register .......................................................................................................................... 51
8.3 Cylinder High Register ................................................................................................................... 51
8.4 Cylinder Low Register .................................................................................................................... 52
8.5 Device Control Register .................................................................................................................. 52
8.6 Device/Head Register ...................................................................................................................... 53
8.7 Error Register ................................................................................................................................. 53
8.8 Features Register ............................................................................................................................ 54
8.9 Sector Count Register ..................................................................................................................... 54
8.10 Sector Number Register ................................................................................................................. 54
8.11 Status Register ................................................................................................................................ 55
9 Normal and Error Output field descriptions ......................................................................................................... 56
9.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................... 56
9.2 Status field ...................................................................................................................................... 56
9.2.1 Overview ................................................................................................................................... 56
9.2.2 ALIGNMENT ERROR bit ....................................................................................................... 57
9.2.3 BUSY bit................................................................................................................................... 57
9.2.4 CHECK CONDITION bit ........................................................................................................ 57
9.2.5 DATA REQUEST bit ............................................................................................................... 57
9.2.6 DEVICE FAULT bit ................................................................................................................ 57
9.2.7 DEVICE READY bit ................................................................................................................ 58
9.2.8 ERROR bit ................................................................................................................................ 58
9.2.9 SENSE DATA AVAILABLE bit ............................................................................................. 58
9.2.10 Transport Dependent bits and fields...................................................................................... 58
5
Hard Disk Drive Specification
9.3 ERROR field .................................................................................................................................... 59
9.3.1 Overview ................................................................................................................................... 59
9.3.2 ABORT bit ................................................................................................................................ 59
9.3.3 END OF MEDIA bit ................................................................................................................ 59
9.3.4 ID NOT FOUND bit ................................................................................................................ 60
9.3.5 ILLEGAL LENGTH INDICATOR bit .................................................................................... 60
9.3.6 INTERFACE CRC bit .............................................................................................................. 60
9.3.7 SENSE KEY field .................................................................................................................... 60
9.3.8 UNCORRECTABLE ERROR bit ............................................................................................ 60
9.4 INTERRUPT REASON field .......................................................................................................... 61
9.4.1 Overview ................................................................................................................................... 61
9.4.2 COMMAND/DATA bit ............................................................................................................. 61
9.4.3 INPUT/OUTPUT bit ................................................................................................................ 61
9.5 COUNT field .................................................................................................................................... 62
9.5.1 Overview ................................................................................................................................... 62
9.5.2 NCQ Tag ................................................................................................................................... 62
9.6 SACTIVE field ................................................................................................................................. 62
9.7 SATA STATUS field ....................................................................................................................... 62
9.8 LBA field .......................................................................................................................................... 62
9.8.1 Overview ................................................................................................................................... 62
9.8.2 LBA of First Unrecoverable Error .......................................................................................... 62
9.9 Device Signatures for Normal Output .......................................................................................... 63
9.9.1 Overview ................................................................................................................................... 63
10 General Operation Descriptions .......................................................................................................................... 64
10.1 Reset Response ................................................................................................................................ 64
10.1.1 Register Initialization ............................................................................................................. 65
10.2 Diagnostic and Reset considerations ............................................................................................. 65
10.3 Sector Addressing Mode ................................................................................................................. 66
10.3.1 Logical CHS Addressing Mode ............................................................................................... 66
10.3.2 LBA Addressing Mode ............................................................................................................. 66
10.4 Power Management Feature .......................................................................................................... 67
10.4.1 Power Mode .............................................................................................................................. 67
10.4.2 Power Management Commands ............................................................................................. 68
10.4.3 Standby timer .......................................................................................................................... 68
10.4.4 Interface Capability for Power Modes .................................................................................... 68
10.5 SMART Function ............................................................................................................................ 69
10.5.1 Attributes ................................................................................................................................. 69
10.5.2 Attribute values ....................................................................................................................... 69
10.5.3 Attribute thresholds ................................................................................................................ 69
10.5.4 Threshold exceeded condition ................................................................................................. 69
10.5.5 SMART commands .................................................................................................................. 69
10.5.6 Off-line Read Scanning ........................................................................................................... 69
10.5.7 Error Log .................................................................................................................................. 69
10.5.8 Self-test ..................................................................................................................................... 70
10.6 Security Mode Feature Set ............................................................................................................. 71
10.6.1 Security mode........................................................................................................................... 71
10.6.2 Security Level .......................................................................................................................... 71
10.6.3 Password .................................................................................................................................. 71
10.6.4 Operation example .................................................................................................................. 72
10.6.5 Command Table ....................................................................................................................... 75
10.7 Host Protected Area Feature ......................................................................................................... 78
10.7.1 Example for operation (In LBA mode) ................................................................................... 78
10.7.2 Security extensions .................................................................................................................. 79
10.8 Write Cache Function ..................................................................................................................... 80
6
Hard Disk Drive Specification
10.9 Reassign Function ........................................................................................................................... 80
10.9.1 Auto Reassign Function .......................................................................................................... 80
10.10 Power-up in Standby feature set ................................................................................................... 81
10.11 Advanced Power Management feature set (APM) ........................................................................ 81
10.12 48-bit Address Feature Set ............................................................................................................ 81
10.13 SATA BIST (Built-in Self Test) ...................................................................................................... 82
10.14 SATA Interface Power Management ............................................................................................. 82
10.15 Software Setting Preservation ....................................................................................................... 83
10.15.1 COMRESET Preservation Requirements .............................................................................. 83
10.16 Serial ATA Revision 3.0 Optional Features .................................................................................. 84
10.16.1 Asynchronous Signal Recovery ............................................................................................... 84
10.16.2 Device Power Connector Pin 11 Definition ............................................................................ 84
10.16.3 Phy Event Counters ................................................................................................................ 84
10.16.4 NCQ NON-DATA (63h) ........................................................................................................... 88
10.16.5 Rebuild Assist log (15h) ........................................................................................................... 91
10.17 SCT Command Transport feature Set ........................................................................................... 93
10.17.1 Overview ................................................................................................................................... 93
10.17.2 SCT Command Protocol .......................................................................................................... 95
10.17.3 SCT Command Set ................................................................................................................ 103
10.18 Extended Power Conditions (EPC) feature ................................................................................. 111
10.18.1 Power conditions .................................................................................................................... 111
10.18.2 Power condition timers .......................................................................................................... 112
10.18.3 Interaction with resets, commands and other features ...................................................... 112
10.19 Sanitize Device feature set ........................................................................................................... 113
10.19.1 Overview ................................................................................................................................. 113
10.19.2 Sanitize Device Feature ........................................................................................................ 115
10.19.3 Sanitize Device state machine .............................................................................................. 115
10.20 Zone Device Features.................................................................................................................... 118
10.20.1 Feature set introduction ....................................................................................................... 118
10.20.2 Basic zoned device model ...................................................................................................... 118
10.20.3 Host Managed Zones feature set .......................................................................................... 118
10.20.4 Zone attributes ....................................................................................................................... 119
10.20.5 Zone types............................................................................................................................... 120
10.20.6 Additional features for the Host Managed Zones feature set ............................................ 133
10.21 Trusted Computing Group feature set ........................................................................................ 137
10.21.1 Referenced Specifications and Standards ............................................................................ 137
10.21.2 Implementation Exceptions .................................................................................................. 138
10.21.3 Implementation Features and Details Outside of TCG Specifications ............................. 138
10.21.4 Encryption Algorithms .......................................................................................................... 138
10.21.5 TCG Enterprise SSC Tables ................................................................................................. 140
10.21.6 Firmware Download and Signing ......................................................................................... 142
10.21.7 Ports ........................................................................................................................................ 142
10.21.8 MSID ....................................................................................................................................... 145
10.21.9 Logging ................................................................................................................................... 145
10.21.10 Number of Sessions ............................................................................................................... 145
10.21.11 Number of Bands ................................................................................................................... 145
10.21.12 Number of COMIDs ............................................................................................................... 145
10.21.13 PSID ........................................................................................................................................ 145
10.21.14 Locked and Unlocked Behavior ............................................................................................ 146
10.21.15 Error Codes ............................................................................................................................ 150
10.21.16 Life Cycle model ..................................................................................................................... 150
10.21.17 Customer Specific Requirements ......................................................................................... 151
10.21.18 Switching between TCG Enterprise and ISE model ........................................................... 151
10.21.19 Block SID Authentication ..................................................................................................... 152
7
Hard Disk Drive Specification
11 Command Protocol ............................................................................................................................................ 153
11.1 PIO Data In commands ................................................................................................................ 153
11.2 PIO Data Out commands ............................................................................................................. 153
11.3 Non-Data commands .................................................................................................................... 154
11.4 DMA Data In commands and DMA Data Out commands ......................................................... 155
11.5 First-party DMA commands ........................................................................................................ 155
12 Command Descriptions ..................................................................................................................................... 156
12.1 Check Power Mode (E5h/98h) ...................................................................................................... 161
12.2 Device Configuration Overlay (B1h) ........................................................................................... 163
12.2.1 Device Configuration Restore (Subcommand C0h) ............................................................. 164
12.2.2 Device Configuration Freeze Lock (Subcommand C1h) ..................................................... 164
12.2.3 Device Configuration Identify (Subcommand C2h) ............................................................ 164
12.2.4 Device Configuration Set (Subcommand C3h) .................................................................... 164
12.3 Download Microcode (92h) ........................................................................................................... 167
12.3.1 Overview ................................................................................................................................. 168
12.3.2 Sector Number / Sector Count .............................................................................................. 168
12.3.3 Download and save microcode with offsets .......................................................................... 168
12.3.4 Download and save microcode with offsets for future use .................................................. 168
12.3.5 Activate downloaded microcode ............................................................................................ 168
12.3.6 Error Outputs ........................................................................................................................ 168
12.4 Download Microcode DMA (93h) ................................................................................................. 169
12.4.1 Overview ................................................................................................................................. 170
12.4.2 Sector Count / Sector Number .............................................................................................. 170
12.4.3 Download and save microcode with offsets .......................................................................... 170
12.4.4 Download and save microcode with offsets for future use .................................................. 170
12.4.5 Activate downloaded microcode ............................................................................................ 170
12.4.6 Error Outputs ........................................................................................................................ 170
12.5 Execute Device Diagnostic (90h).................................................................................................. 171
12.6 Flush Cache (E7h)......................................................................................................................... 172
12.7 Flush Cache Ext (EAh) ................................................................................................................. 174
12.8 Format Unit (F7h) ........................................................................................................................ 176
12.9 Identify Device (ECh) ................................................................................................................... 178
12.10 Idle (E3h/97h) ................................................................................................................................ 189
12.11 Idle Immediate (E1h/95h) ............................................................................................................ 191
12.12 Initialize Device Parameters (91h) .............................................................................................. 192
12.13 NCQ NON-DATA (63h) ................................................................................................................ 193
12.13.1 Abort NCQ Queue Subcommand (0h) .................................................................................. 194
12.13.2 Deadline handling Subcommand (1h) .................................................................................. 196
12.14 Read Buffer (E4h) ......................................................................................................................... 198
12.15 Read Buffer DMA (E9h) ............................................................................................................... 199
12.16 Read DMA(C8h/C9h) .................................................................................................................... 200
12.17 Read DMA Ext (25h) ..................................................................................................................... 202
12.18 Read FPDMA Queued (60h) ......................................................................................................... 204
12.19 Read Log Ext (2Fh) ....................................................................................................................... 206
12.19.1 General Purpose Log Directory ............................................................................................ 208
12.19.2 Extended Comprehensive SMART Error log ....................................................................... 209
12.19.3 Device Statistics log ............................................................................................................... 212
12.19.4 Extended Self-test log sector ................................................................................................. 221
12.19.5 Power Conditions log ............................................................................................................. 223
12.19.6 NCQ Command Error(log page 10h) .................................................................................... 226
12.19.7 Sector Configuration log ........................................................................................................ 228
12.19.8 Identify Device Data log ........................................................................................................ 229
12.20 Read Log DMA Ext(47h) .............................................................................................................. 239
12.21 Read Multiple (C4h)...................................................................................................................... 240
12.22 Read Multiple Ext (29h) ............................................................................................................... 241
8
Hard Disk Drive Specification
12.23 Read Native Max Address (F8h) .................................................................................................. 242
12.24 Read Native Max Address Ext (27h) ........................................................................................... 243
12.25 Read Sector(s) (20h/21h) ............................................................................................................... 244
12.26 Read Sector(s) Ext (24h) ............................................................................................................... 245
12.27 Read Verify Sector(s) (40h/41h) ................................................................................................... 246
12.28 Read Verify Sector(s) Ext (42h) ................................................................................................... 247
12.29 Recalibrate (1xh) ........................................................................................................................... 248
12.30 RECEIVE FPDMA QUEUED (65h) ............................................................................................ 249
12.31 Request Sense Data Ext (0Bh) ..................................................................................................... 252
12.32 Sanitize Device Feature Set (B4h) ............................................................................................... 254
12.32.1 Crypto Scramble Ext Command (feature: 0011h) (data encryption model only) .............. 254
12.32.2 Overwrite Ext Command (feature: 0014h) .......................................................................... 257
12.32.3 Sanitize Freeze Lock Ext Command (feature: 0020h) ........................................................ 258
12.32.4 Sanitize Status Ext Command (feature: 0000h) ................................................................. 259
12.33 Security Disable Password (F6h) ................................................................................................. 260
12.34 Security Erase Prepare (F3h) ...................................................................................................... 261
12.35 Security Erase Unit (F4h) ............................................................................................................ 262
12.36 Security Freeze Lock (F5h) .......................................................................................................... 264
12.37 Security Set Password (F1h) ........................................................................................................ 265
12.38 Security Unlock (F2h) ................................................................................................................... 267
12.39 Seek (7xh) ...................................................................................................................................... 268
12.40 SEND FPDMA QUEUED (64h) ................................................................................................... 269
12.41 Sense Condition (F0h : Vendor specific) ...................................................................................... 270
12.42 Set Features (EFh) ........................................................................................................................ 271
12.42.1 Set Transfer Mode ................................................................................................................. 272
12.42.2 Write Cache ............................................................................................................................ 272
12.42.3 Serial ATA Feature ............................................................................................................... 272
12.42.4 Advanced Power Management ............................................................................................. 273
12.42.5 Set Maximum Host Interface Sector Time .......................................................................... 274
12.42.6 Enable/Disable the Sense Data Reporting feature set ....................................................... 274
12.42.7 Extended Power Conditions (EPC) feature ......................................................................... 275
12.43 Set Max Address (F9h) ................................................................................................................. 283
12.43.1 Set Max Set Password (Feature = 01h)................................................................................ 285
12.43.2 Set Max Lock (Feature = 02h) .............................................................................................. 286
12.43.3 Set Max Unlock (Feature = 03h) .......................................................................................... 287
12.43.4 Set Max Freeze Lock (Feature = 04h) .................................................................................. 288
12.44 Set Max Address Ext (37h)........................................................................................................... 289
12.45 Set Multiple Mode (C6h) .............................................................................................................. 291
12.46 Set Sector Configuration Ext (B2h) ............................................................................................. 292
12.47 Sleep (E6h/99h) ............................................................................................................................. 293
12.48 SMART Function Set (B0h) ......................................................................................................... 294
12.48.1 SMART Subcommand ........................................................................................................... 294
12.48.2 Device Attributes Data Structure ........................................................................................ 304
12.48.3 Device Attribute Thresholds Data Structure ...................................................................... 308
12.49 Standby (E2h/96h) ........................................................................................................................ 314
12.50 Standby Immediate (E0h/94h) ..................................................................................................... 315
12.51 Write Buffer (E8h) ........................................................................................................................ 316
12.52 Write Buffer DMA (EBh) .............................................................................................................. 317
12.53 Write DMA (CAh/CBh) ................................................................................................................. 318
12.54 Write DMA FUA Ext (3Dh) .......................................................................................................... 319
12.55 Write DMA Ext (35h) .................................................................................................................... 321
12.56 Write FPDMA Queued (61h) ........................................................................................................ 322
12.57 Write Log Ext (3Fh) ...................................................................................................................... 324
12.58 Write Log DMA Ext (57h) ............................................................................................................ 326
9
Hard Disk Drive Specification
12.59 Write Multiple (C5h)..................................................................................................................... 327
12.60 Write Multiple Ext (39h) .............................................................................................................. 328
12.61 Write Multiple FUA Ext (CEh) .................................................................................................... 329
12.62 Write Sector(s) (30h/31h) .............................................................................................................. 330
12.63 Write Sector(s) Ext (34h) .............................................................................................................. 331
12.64 Write Uncorrectable Ext (45h) ..................................................................................................... 332
12.65 Zone management commands ...................................................................................................... 333
12.65.1 Overview ................................................................................................................................. 333
12.65.2 ZAC Management In command template, 4Ah, DMA ........................................................ 333
12.65.3 ZAC MANAGEMENT OUT command template, 9Fh, Non-Data or DMA Out ................ 335
12.65.4 CLOSE ZONE EXT command – 9Fh/01h, Non-Data .......................................................... 336
12.65.5 FINISH ZONE EXT command – 9Fh/02h, Non-Data ......................................................... 338
12.65.6 OPEN ZONE EXT command – 9Fh/03h, Non-Data ............................................................ 340
12.65.7 REPORT ZONES EXT command – 4Ah/00h, DMA In ....................................................... 342
12.65.8 RESET WRITE POINTERS EXT command – 9Fh/04h, Non-Data ................................... 346
12.65.9 Normal and Error Outputs ................................................................................................... 349
13 Appendix. Sense key and Additional Sense code list ....................................................................................... 353
10
Hard Disk Drive Specification
List of tables
Table 1 Type and Model# ........................................................................................................................ 17
Table 2 Formatted capacity .................................................................................................................... 23
Table 3 Data sheet ................................................................................................................................... 24
Table 4 World Wide Name Assignment ................................................................................................. 24
Table 5 Zone Layout ................................................................................................................................ 25
Table 6 Latency Time .............................................................................................................................. 26
Table 7 Drive ready time ........................................................................................................................ 26
Table 8 Mode transition times ................................................................................................................ 27
Table 9 Interface connector pins and I/O signals .................................................................................. 30
Table 10 Parameter descriptions ........................................................................................................... 31
Table 11 Temperature and humidity ..................................................................................................... 32
Table 12 Input voltage ............................................................................................................................ 34
Table 13 SATA power consumption ........................................................................................................ 35
Table 14 Allowable power supply noise limits at drive power connector ............................................ 36
Table 15 Power consumption efficiency ................................................................................................. 36
Table 16 Physical Dimensions ................................................................................................................ 39
Table 17 Random vibration PSD profile break points (operating) ...................................................... 41
Table 18 Random vibration (Rotational) PSD profile break points ..................................................... 41
Table 19 Random vibration PSD profile break points (nonoperating) ................................................ 42
Table 20 Sinusoidal shock wave ............................................................................................................. 43
Table 21 Rotational Shock ...................................................................................................................... 43
Table 22 Sound power levels .................................................................................................................. 44
Table 23 Alternate Status Register ........................................................................................................ 51
Table 24 Device Control Register ........................................................................................................... 52
Table 25 Device/Head Register ............................................................................................................... 53
Table 26 Error Register .......................................................................................................................... 53
Table 27 Status Register ......................................................................................................................... 55
Table 28 STATUS field ............................................................................................................................ 56
Table 29 ERROR field ............................................................................................................................. 59
Table 30 INTERRUPT REASON field ................................................................................................... 61
Table 31 Device Signatures for Normal Output.................................................................................... 63
Table 32 Device signatures for COUNT and LBA field ........................................................................ 63
Table 33 Reset Response ......................................................................................................................... 64
Table 34 Default Register Values ........................................................................................................... 65
Table 35 Diagnostic Codes ...................................................................................................................... 65
Table 36 Power conditions ...................................................................................................................... 68
Table 37 Command table for device lock operation -1 .......................................................................... 75
Table 38 Command table for device lock operation -2 .......................................................................... 76
Table 39 Command table for device lock operation -3 .......................................................................... 77
Table 40 Phy Event Counter Identifiers ................................................................................................ 85
Table 41 READ LOG EXT Log Page 11h data structure definition .................................................... 87
Table 42 NCQ NON-DATA – Command definition ............................................................................... 88
Table 43 Subcommand Field .................................................................................................................. 88
Table 44 NCQ NON-DATA Log (12h) data structure definition .......................................................... 90
Table 45 Rebuild Assist log (15h) data structure definition................................................................. 91
Table 46 SCT Log Page and direction .................................................................................................... 93
Table 47 Identify Device Information Word 206 ................................................................................... 93
Table 48 Output Registers of SCT Command Using SMART .............................................................. 95
Table 49 Input Registers of SCT Command Using SMART ................................................................ 95
Table 50 Input Registers of SCT Command Using Write Log Ext ...................................................... 96
Table 51 Output Registers of SCT Command Using Write Log Ext ................................................... 96
11
Hard Disk Drive Specification
Table 52 Key Sector Format ................................................................................................................... 97
Table 53 SCT Action Code List ............................................................................................................... 97
Table 54 Extended Status Code ............................................................................................................. 98
Table 55 Input Registers of SCT Data Transfer Using SMART .......................................................... 99
Table 56 Input Registers of SCT Data Transfer using Read/Write Log Ext ....................................... 99
Table 57 Input Registers of SCT Status Request Using SMART ...................................................... 100
Table 58 Input Registers of SCT Status Request Using Read Log Ext ............................................. 100
Table 59 Data Format of SCT Status Response -1 ............................................................................. 101
Table 60 Data Format of SCT Status Response -2 ............................................................................. 101
Table 61 SMART STATUS field ........................................................................................................... 102
Table 62 SCT Write Same (Inputs) ...................................................................................................... 103
Table 63 SCT Write Same (Outputs) ................................................................................................... 103
Table 64 Error Recovery Control command (Inputs) .......................................................................... 105
Table 65 Error Recovery Control command (Outputs) ....................................................................... 105
Table 66 Feature Control command (Inputs) ...................................................................................... 106
Table 67 Feature Control command (Outputs) ................................................................................... 106
Table 68 Feature Code List .................................................................................................................. 107
Table 69 SCT Data Table command (Inputs) ...................................................................................... 108
Table 70 SCT Data Table command (Outputs) ................................................................................... 108
Table 71 Table ID .................................................................................................................................. 108
Table 72 Data Format of HDA Absolute Temperature History Table -1 ........................................... 109
Table 73 Data Format of HDA Absolute Temperature History Table -2 ........................................... 109
Table 74 Extended Power Conditions Subcommands.......................................................................... 111
Table 75 Power Condition IDs ............................................................................................................... 111
Table 76 Summary of zone attributes ................................................................................................... 119
Table 77 Zone Type zone attribute ........................................................................................................ 119
Table 78 Relationships between zone attributes ................................................................................. 119
Table 79 Zone Condition zone attribute .............................................................................................. 120
Table 80 Zone Condition state machine functions .............................................................................. 127
Table 81 Characteristics and attributes associated with zone state ................................................. 127
Table 82 ZAC OPTIONS field ............................................................................................................... 136
Table 83 ZONE POST PROCESSING field ......................................................................................... 136
Table 84 Vendor Specific Data for Level 0 Discovery ......................................................................... 139
Table 85 Western Digital Default Values for ‘Admin SP’ C_PIN & ‘Locking SP’ C_PIN ................. 140
Table 86 Western Digital Implementation of K_AES_256 Table ....................................................... 140
Table 87 Western Digital Implementation of ‘Locking SP’ Access Control Table ............................. 141
Table 88 Western Digital Implementation of ‘Locking Info’ Table .................................................... 141
Table 89 Western Digital Implementation of ‘Locking SP’ Locking Table ........................................ 141
Table 90 Ports Functionality ................................................................................................................ 142
Table 91 Ports Table .............................................................................................................................. 142
Table 92 Modified ‘Admin SP’ ACE Table ............................................................................................ 143
Table 93 Modified ‘Admin SP’ Access Control Table (part 1 of 2) ...................................................... 143
Table 94 Modified ‘Admin SP’ Access Control Table (part 2 of 2) .................................................... 144
Table 95 Command table for TCG Enterprise device lock operation -1 ............................................ 146
Table 96 Command table for TCG Enterprise device lock operation -2 ............................................ 147
Table 97 Command table for TCG Enterprise device lock operation -3 ............................................ 148
Table 98 TCG Enterprise SSC Commands Behavior -1 ..................................................................... 148
Table 99 TCG Enterprise SSC Commands Behavior -2 ..................................................................... 148
Table 100 TCG Enterprise SSC Commands Behavior -3 ................................................................... 149
Table 101 TCG Enterprise SSC Commands Behavior -4 ................................................................... 149
Table 102 TCG Enterprise SSC Commands Behavior -5 ................................................................... 149
Table 103 TCG Enterprise SSC Commands Behavior -6 ................................................................... 150
Table 104 Command Set ....................................................................................................................... 156
Table 105 Command Set –Continued– ................................................................................................ 157
12
Hard Disk Drive Specification
Table 106 Command Set –Continued– ................................................................................................ 158
Table 107 Command Set (Subcommand) ............................................................................................. 159
Table 108 Check Power Mode Command (E5h/98h) ........................................................................... 161
Table 109 Device Configuration Overlay Command (B1h) ................................................................ 163
Table 110 Device Configuration Overlay Features register values ................................................... 163
Table 111 Device Configuration Overlay Data structure ................................................................... 165
Table 112 Device Configuration Overlay Data structure –Continued- ............................................. 166
Table 113 DCO error information definition ....................................................................................... 166
Table 114 Download Microcode Command (92h) ................................................................................ 167
Table 115 Download Microcode DMA Command (93h) ...................................................................... 169
Table 116 Execute Device Diagnostic Command (90h) ...................................................................... 171
Table 117 Flush Cache Command (E7h) ............................................................................................. 172
Table 118 Flush Cache Ext Command (EAh) ...................................................................................... 174
Table 119 Format Unit Command (F7h) ............................................................................................. 176
Table 120 Identify Device Command (ECh) ........................................................................................ 178
Table 121 Identify device information ................................................................................................. 179
Table 122 Identify device information –Continued- ........................................................................... 180
Table 123 Identify device information –Continued- ........................................................................... 181
Table 124 Identify device information –Continued- ........................................................................... 182
Table 125 Identify device information –Continued- ........................................................................... 183
Table 126 Identify device information –Continued- ........................................................................... 183
Table 127 Identify device information –Continued- ........................................................................... 184
Table 128 Identify device information –Continued- ........................................................................... 186
Table 129 Identify device information –Continued- ........................................................................... 187
Table 130 Identify device information –Continued- ........................................................................... 188
Table 131 Idle Command (E3h/97h) .................................................................................................... 189
Table 132 Idle Immediate Command (E1h/95h) ................................................................................. 191
Table 133 Initialize Device Parameters Command (91h) ................................................................... 192
Table 134 NCQ Queue Management command (63h) ........................................................................ 193
Table 135 Abort NCQ Queue Subcommand (0h) ................................................................................ 194
Table 136 Abort Type Field .................................................................................................................. 195
Table 137 Deadline handling Subcommand (1h) ................................................................................ 196
Table 138 Read Buffer Command (E4h) .............................................................................................. 198
Table 139 Read Buffer DMA Command (E9h) .................................................................................... 199
Table 140 Read DMA Command (C8h/C9h) ........................................................................................ 200
Table 141 Read DMA Ext Command (25h) ......................................................................................... 202
Table 142 Read FPDMA Queued Command (60h) ............................................................................. 204
Table 143 Read Log Ext Command (2Fh) ............................................................................................ 206
Table 144 Log Address Definition ........................................................................................................ 207
Table 145 General Purpose Log Directory ........................................................................................... 208
Table 146 Extended Comprehensive SMART Error Log .................................................................... 209
Table 147 Extended Error log data structure ..................................................................................... 209
Table 148 Command data structure .................................................................................................... 210
Table 149 Error data structure ............................................................................................................. 211
Table 150 Defined Device Statistics log pages .................................................................................... 212
Table 151 List of supported Device Statistics log pages ..................................................................... 212
Table 152 General Statistics ................................................................................................................ 213
Table 153 Rotating Media Statistics .................................................................................................... 214
Table 154 General Error Statistics ...................................................................................................... 215
Table 155 Temperature Statistics (part 1 of 2) ................................................................................... 215
Table 156 Temperature Statistics (part 2 of 2) ................................................................................... 216
Table 157 Transport Statistics ............................................................................................................. 217
Table 158 Zoned Device Statistics ........................................................................................................ 218
Table 159 Extended Self-test log data structure ................................................................................. 222
13
Hard Disk Drive Specification
Table 160 Extended Self-test log descriptor entry .............................................................................. 223
Table 161 Idle power conditions ........................................................................................................... 223
Table 162 Standby power conditions (log page 01h) ........................................................................... 223
Table 163 Power Conditions log descriptor ......................................................................................... 224
Table 164 Command Error log (part 1 of 2) ......................................................................................... 226
Table 165 NCQ Command Error log (part 2 of 2) ............................................................................... 227
Table 166 Sector Configuration log ...................................................................................................... 228
Table 167 Sector Configuration descriptor .......................................................................................... 228
Table 168 Identify Device Data Log ..................................................................................................... 229
Table 169 List of supported IDENTIFY DEVICE data pages ........................................................... 229
Table 170 Capacity log page ................................................................................................................. 230
Table 171 Supported Capabilities log page ......................................................................................... 231
Table 172 Supported Capabilities log page –Continued- ................................................................... 232
Table 173 Current Settings log page ................................................................................................... 233
Table 174 Current Settings log page –Continued- .............................................................................. 234
Table 175 Strings log page .................................................................................................................... 234
Table 176 Security log page .................................................................................................................. 235
Table 177 Serial ATA log page .............................................................................................................. 236
Table 178 Zoned-device Information .................................................................................................... 237
Table 179 ZAC MINOR Version field ................................................................................................... 238
Table 180 Read Log DMA Ext Command (47h) .................................................................................. 239
Table 181 Read Multiple Commands (C4h)......................................................................................... 240
Table 182 Read Multiple Ext Command (29h) .................................................................................... 241
Table 183 Read Native Max ADDRESS (F8h) .................................................................................... 242
Table 184 Read Native Max Address Ext (27h) .................................................................................. 243
Table 185 Read Sector(s) Command (20h/21h) ................................................................................... 244
Table 186 Read Sector(s) Ext Command (24h).................................................................................... 245
Table 187 Read Verify Sector(s) Command (40h/41h) ........................................................................ 246
Table 188 Read Verify Sector(s) Ext Command (42h) ........................................................................ 247
Table 189 Recalibrate Command (1xh) ................................................................................................ 248
Table 190 RECEIVE FPDMA QUEUED ............................................................................................. 249
Table 191 RECEIVE FPDMA QUEUED subcommands .................................................................... 249
Table 192 NCQ Command Acceptance Normal Output ..................................................................... 249
Table 193 NCQ Normal Output ........................................................................................................... 250
Table 194 NCQ Command Acceptance Error ...................................................................................... 250
Table 195 NCQ Write Command Aborted Error ................................................................................. 251
Table 196 Request Sense Data Ext command (0Bh) .......................................................................... 252
Table 197 Crypto Scramble Ext Command (B4h/0011h) (data encryption model only) .................. 254
Table 198 Overwrite Ext Command (B4h/0014h) ............................................................................... 257
Table 199 Sanitize Freeze Lock Ext Command (B4h/0020h) ............................................................. 258
Table 200 Sanitize Status Ext Command (B4h/0000h) ...................................................................... 259
Table 201 Security Disable Password Command (F6h) ..................................................................... 260
Table 202 Password Information for Security Disable Password command .................................... 260
Table 203 Security Erase Prepare Command (F3h) ........................................................................... 261
Table 204 Security Erase Unit Command (F4h) ................................................................................. 262
Table 205 Erase Unit Information ....................................................................................................... 262
Table 206 Security Freeze Lock Command (F5h) ............................................................................... 264
Table 207 Security Set Password Command (F1h)............................................................................. 265
Table 208 Security Set Password Information .................................................................................... 265
Table 209 Security Unlock Command (F2h) ....................................................................................... 267
Table 210 Security Unlock Information............................................................................................... 267
Table 211 Seek Command (7xh) ........................................................................................................... 268
Table 212 SEND FPDMA QUEUED .................................................................................................... 269
Table 213 Sense Condition command (F0h) ........................................................................................ 270
14
Hard Disk Drive Specification
Table 214 Set Features Command (EFh) ............................................................................................ 271
Table 215 Restore Power Condition Settings subcommand ............................................................... 275
Table 216 Go To Power Condition subcommand ................................................................................. 277
Table 217 Set Power Condition Timer subcommand .......................................................................... 278
Table 218 Set Power Condition State subcommand ........................................................................... 280
Table 219 Enable the EPC feature subcommand ............................................................................... 281
Table 220 Disable the EPC feature subcommand ............................................................................... 282
Table 221 Set Max ADDRESS (F9h) .................................................................................................... 283
Table 222 Set Max set Password .......................................................................................................... 285
Table 223 Set Max Set Password data contents ................................................................................. 285
Table 224 Set Max Lock ........................................................................................................................ 286
Table 225 Set Max Unlock (F9h) .......................................................................................................... 287
Table 226 Set Max Freeze Lock (F9h) ................................................................................................. 288
Table 227 Set Max Address Ext Command (37h) ............................................................................... 289
Table 228 Set Multiple Mode Commands (C6h) ................................................................................. 291
Table 229 Set Sector Configuration Ext Commands (B2h) ................................................................ 292
Table 230 Sleep Command (E6h/99h) .................................................................................................. 293
Table 231 SMART Enable/Disable Attribute Autosave (B0h-D2h) ................................................... 295
Table 232 SMART Enable/Disable Attribute Autosave (B0h-D4h) ................................................... 296
Table 233 SMART Read Log Sector (B0h-D5h) .................................................................................. 298
Table 234 Log sector addresses ............................................................................................................ 299
Table 235 SMART Write Log (B0h-D6h) ............................................................................................. 300
Table 236 SMART Enable Operations (B0h-D8h) .............................................................................. 301
Table 237 SMART RETURN STATUS command (B0h-DAh) ............................................................ 302
Table 238 Device Attribute Data Structure ........................................................................................ 304
Table 239 Individual Attribute Data Structure .................................................................................. 305
Table 240 Device Attribute Thresholds Data Structure ..................................................................... 308
Table 241 Individual Threshold Data Structure ................................................................................. 308
Table 242 SMART Log Directory ......................................................................................................... 309
Table 243 SMART summary error log sector ...................................................................................... 309
Table 244 Error log data structure ...................................................................................................... 310
Table 245 Command data structure .................................................................................................... 310
Table 246 Error data structure ............................................................................................................ 310
Table 247 Self-test log data structure ................................................................................................... 311
Table 248 Selective self-test log data structure .................................................................................. 312
Table 249 Selective self-test feature flags ........................................................................................... 312
Table 250 SMART Error Codes ............................................................................................................ 313
Table 251 Standby Command (E2h/96h) ............................................................................................. 314
Table 252 Standby Immediate Command (E0h/94h) .......................................................................... 315
Table 253 Write Buffer Command (E8h) ............................................................................................. 316
Table 254 Write Buffer DMA Command (EBh) .................................................................................. 317
Table 255 Write DMA Command (CAh/CBh) ...................................................................................... 318
Table 256 Write DMA FUA Ext Command (3Dh) .............................................................................. 319
Table 257 Write DMA Ext Command (35h) ........................................................................................ 321
Table 258 Write FPDMA Queued Command (61h) ............................................................................ 322
Table 259 Write Log Ext Command (3Fh) ........................................................................................... 324
Table 260 Write Log DMA Ext Command (57h).................................................................................. 326
Table 261 Write Multiple Command (C5h) ......................................................................................... 327
Table 262 Write Multiple Ext Command (39h) ................................................................................... 328
Table 263 Write Multiple FUA Ext Command (CEh) ......................................................................... 329
Table 264 Write Sector(s) Command (30h/31h) .................................................................................. 330
Table 265 Write Sector(s) Ext Command (34h) ................................................................................... 331
Table 266 Write Uncorrectable Ext Command (45h) .......................................................................... 332
Table 267 Zone management commands ............................................................................................. 333
15
Hard Disk Drive Specification
Table 268 ZAC Management In command template inputs .............................................................. 334
Table 269 RECEIVE FPDMA QUEUED command encapsulation for the inputs used by the ZAC
Management In command ................................................................................................... 334
Table 270 ZAC MANAGEMENT OUT command template inputs ................................................... 335
Table 271 NCQ NON-DATA command encapsulation for the inputs used by the ZAC Management
Out command ....................................................................................................................... 336
Table 272 SEND FPDMA QUEUED command encapsulation for the inputs used by the ZAC
Management Out command ................................................................................................ 336
Table 273 CLOSE ZONE EXT command inputs ................................................................................. 337
Table 274 FINISH ZONE EXT command inputs ................................................................................ 338
Table 275 OPEN ZONE EXT command inputs ................................................................................... 340
Table 276 REPORT ZONES EXT command inputs............................................................................ 342
Table 277 REPORTING OPTIONS field ............................................................................................. 343
Table 278 REPORT ZONES EXT inputs ............................................................................................. 344
Table 279 SAME field ........................................................................................................................... 344
Table 280 Zone descriptor format ........................................................................................................ 345
Table 281 ZONE TYPE field ................................................................................................................. 345
Table 282 ZONE CONDITION field .................................................................................................... 346
Table 283 RESET WRITE POINTERS EXT command inputs .......................................................... 347
Table 284 Generic ZAC Extended Normal Output ............................................................................. 349
Table 285 Generic ZAC Extended Error Output ................................................................................. 350
Table 286 Additional sense Codes ........................................................................................................ 351
Table 287 Sense key / code / qualifier .................................................................................................. 353
16
Hard Disk Drive Specification
List of figures
Figure 1 Logical Layout example: Number of Block per Sector 4096 ................................................. 25
Figure 2 PList physical format ............................................................................................................... 28
Figure 3 Connector location.................................................................................................................... 29
Figure 4 The timing of COMRESET, COMINIT and COMWAKE ...................................................... 31
Figure 5 Limits of temperature and altitude ........................................................................................ 32
Figure 6 Limits of temperature and humidity ...................................................................................... 33
Figure 7 Top and side views and mechanical dimensions .................................................................... 38
Figure 8 Bottom and side views with mounting hole locations ........................................................... 39
Figure 9 Connector locations .................................................................................................................. 40
Figure 10 Initial Setting ......................................................................................................................... 72
Figure 11 Usual Operation ..................................................................................................................... 73
Figure 12 Password Lost ........................................................................................................................ 74
Figure 13 Sanitize Device state machines ........................................................................................... 116
Figure 14 Zones in a zoned device ........................................................................................................ 118
Figure 15 Write pointer zone and write pointer after Reset Write Pointer function with no subsequent
writes ..................................................................................................................................... 121
Figure 16 Write pointer zone and write pointer example .................................................................. 121
Figure 17 Examples of write commands that do not start at the write pointer ............................... 122
Figure 18 Zone Condition state machine .............................................................................................. 128
17
Hard Disk Drive Specification
1 General
Introduction
This document describes the specifications of the Ultrastar® DC HC650 a WESTERN DIGITAL 3.5-inch 7200-rpm
serial ATA / Serial Attached SCSI interface hard disk drive with the following model numbers:
Table 1 Type and Model#
Capacity
Type
Interface
Format
Model#
Description
P3 Power Disable
Supported
20TB
US7SAR200
Serial ATA
4k Native
WSH722020ALN6L1
SED*1
No
WSH722020ALN6L4
Base(SE)
*1
BDE+TCG w/ Instant Secure Erase
18
Hard Disk Drive Specification
How to Read Model Numbers
WSH722020ALN6L4 – 20TB SATA 6Gb/s 4Kn Base (SE) with Legacy Pin 3 config
W = Western Digital
S = SMR Ultrastar
H = Helium
72 = 7200 RPM
20 = Max capacity (20TB)
20 = Capacity this model (20TB)
A = Generation code
L = 26.1mm z-height
N6 = Interface (4Kn SATA 6Gb/s)
** 4Kn models can be converted to 512e format and vice versa
(Note: Changing the block size does not change the HDD Model Number reported by the drive.)
y = Power Disable Pin 3 status
(0 = Power Disable Pin 3 support
L = Legacy Pin 3 config – No Power Disable Support)
z = Data Security Mode
0 = Instant Secure Erase
1 = SED*: Self-Encryption Drive
TCG-Enterprise and Sanitize Crypto Scramble / Erase
4 = Base (SE)*: No Encryption, Sanitize Overwrite only
5 = SED-FIPS: SED w/ certification (SAS only)
* ATA Security Feature Set comes standard on SATA
** See section 12.46 Set Sector Configuration Ext
One TB equals one trillion bytes.
Actual user capacity may be less due to operating environment.
19
Hard Disk Drive Specification
Glossary
ADM
Automatic Drive Maintenance
DFT
Drive Fitness Test
ESD
Electrostatic Discharge
GB
1,000,000,000 bytes
Gbps
1,000,000,000 bits per second
ISE
Instant Secure Erase
KiB
1,024 bytes
Kbpi
1,000 bits per inch
Ktpi
1,000 tracks per inch
MiB
1,048,576 bytes
MB/s
1,000,000 bytes per second
Mbps
1,000,000 bits per second
MiB/s
1,048,576 bytes per second
PI
Protection Information
PSID
Physical presence Security ID
S.M.A.R.T.
Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology
SE
Secure Erase
SED
Self-Encrypting Drive
TB
1,000,000,000,000 bytes
TCG
Trusted Computing Group
General caution
Do not apply force to the top cover. Handle the drive by its edges or frame only.
Do not touch the interface connector pins or the surface of the print circuit board.
The drive can be damaged by shock or ESD (Electrostatic Discharge). Any damage sustained by the drive after
removal from the shipping package and opening the ESD protective bag are the responsibility of the user.
References
Serial ATA II: Extensions to Serial ATA 1.0
Serial ATA International Organization: Serial ATA Revision 3.3
Supported Zoned Device ATA Command Set - 2 (ZAC-2) (di549r1c). Zone Domains feature set and Zone
Realms feature set is not supported.
20
Hard Disk Drive Specification
2 General features
Host Managed SMR (Shingled Magnetic Recording)
Data capacity of 20TB
Spindle speeds of 7200 RPM
Fluid Dynamic Bearing motor
Triple Stage Actuator
Closed-loop actuator servo
Load/Unload mechanism, non head disk contact start/stop
Automatic Actuator lock
Write Cache
Power saving modes/Low RPM idle mode (APM)
S.M.A.R.T. (Self Monitoring and Analysis Reporting Technology)
Adaptive zone formatting
RVS(Rotational Vibration Safeguard)
512MiB Memory
Conventional Zone 1% of Total Capacity
256MiB zone size (Conventional/Sequential Write required)
UnRestricted Sequential Write Required Zone default setting to be 1
Intelligent Write Verify for SMR Technology
Segmented buffer implementation
Automatic Error Recovery procedures for read and write commands
Automatic defect reallocation
PSID support
Sector format of 512 bytes/sector,4096 bytes/sector
Native command queuing support
Self-Diagnostics at Power on.
Serial ATA Data Transfer 6/3/1.5Gbps
CHS and LBA mode
Security feature support
48 bit addressing feature
Full Disk Encryption support (specific model only)
Supported Zoned Device ATA Command Set - 2 (ZAC-2) (di549r1c). Zone Domains feature set and Zone
Realms feature set is not supported.
21
Hard Disk Drive Specification
Part 1. Functional specification
22
Hard Disk Drive Specification
3 Fixed disk subsystem description
Control Electronics
The drive is electronically controlled by a microprocessor, several logic modules, digital/analog modules, and various
drivers and receivers. The control electronics performs the following major functions:
Controls and interprets all interface signals between the host controller and the drive.
Controls read write accessing of the disk media, including defect management and error recovery.
Controls starting, stopping, and monitoring of the spindle.
Conducts a power-up sequence and calibrates the servo.
Analyzes servo signals to provide closed loop control. These include position error signal and estimated
velocity.
Monitors the actuator position and determines the target track for a seek operation.
Controls the voice coil motor driver to align the actuator in a desired position.
Constantly monitors error conditions of the servo and takes corresponding action if an error occurs.
Monitors various timers such as head settle and servo failure.
Performs self-checkout (diagnostics).
Head disk assembly
The head disk assembly (HDA) is assembled in a clean room environment and contains the disks and actuator
assembly. Helium is constantly circulated and filtered when the drive is operational. No venting of the HDA is
accomplished, as HDA is hermetically sealed.
The spindle is driven directly by an in-hub, brushless, sensor less DC drive motor. Dynamic braking is used to quickly
stop the spindle.
Actuator
The read/write heads are mounted in the actuator. The actuator is a swing-arm assembly driven by a voice coil motor.
A closed-loop positioning servo controls the movement of the actuator. An embedded servo pattern supplies feedback
to the positioning servo to keep the read/write heads centered over the desired track.
The actuator assembly is balanced to allow vertical or horizontal mounting without adjustment.
When the drive is powered off, the actuator automatically moves the head to the actuator ramp outside of the disk
where it parks.
23
Hard Disk Drive Specification
4 Drive characteristics
This section describes the characteristics of the drive.
Default logical drive parameters
The default of the logical drive parameters in Identify Device data is as shown below.
Table 2 Formatted capacity
Description
20TB model
Physical Layout
Label capacity
20TB
20TB
Bytes per Sector
4,096
4,096
Number of Heads
18
18
Number of Disks
9
9
Logical Layout
1
Bytes per Sector
512
4,096
Number of Sectors
39,063,650,304
4,882,956,288
Total Logical Data Bytes
20,000,588,955,648
20,000,588,955,648
Notes:
1
Logical layout: Logical layout is an imaginary drive parameter (that is, the number of heads) which is used to
access the drive from the system interface. The Logical layout to Physical layout (that is, the actual Head and
Sectors) translation is done automatically in the drive. The default setting can be obtained by issuing an IDENTIFY
DEVICE command
24
Hard Disk Drive Specification
Data sheet
Table 3 Data sheet
Description
20TB Model
Max Data transfer rate (Mbps)
2,250
Max Interface transfer rate (MB/s)
600
Max Sustained transfer rate (MB/s)
250
Max Sustained transfer rate (MiB/s)
238
Memory size (MiB)
512
Rotational speed (RPM)
7,200
Recording density- max (Kbpi)
2,000
Track density (Ktpi)
580
Areal density - max (Gbits/in2)
1,160
World Wide Name Assignment
Table 4 World Wide Name Assignment
Description
WWN
Organizationally Unique Identifier(OUI)
000CCAh (for WESTERN DIGITAL)
SHBU Block Assignment
284h,285h,286h,295h,29Dh,29Eh,29Fh,2A0h,2A1h
(Thailand)
Drive organization
4.4.1 Drive Format
Upon shipment from WESTERN DIGITAL manufacturing the drive satisfies the sector continuity in the physical
format by means of the defect flagging strategy described in Section 5 on page 28 in order to provide the maximum
performance to users.
4.4.2 Cylinder allocation
Physical cylinder is calculated from the starting data track of 0. It is not relevant to logical CHS. Depending on the
capacity some of the inner zone cylinders are not allocated.
Data cylinder
This cylinder contains the user data which can be sent and retrieved via read/write commands and a spare area for
reassigned data.
Spare cylinder
The spare cylinder is used by WESTERN DIGITAL manufacturing and includes data sent from a defect location.
4.4.3 Zone Layout
The LBAs are divided into ranges called zones.
The entire capacity of a zoned block device is organized into a set of contiguous, non-overlapping zones.
Zone size 256MiB
Conventional Zone 1% of Total Capacity
Sequential write required zone 99% of Total Capacity
25
Hard Disk Drive Specification
Table 5 Zone Layout
Description
20TB model
Logical Layout
Bytes per Sector
512
4096
Number of Conventional Zone
746
746
Start LBA 0 0
End LBA
391,118,847
48,889,855
Number of Sequential write
required zone
73,762
73,762
Start LBA
391,118,848
48,889,856
End LBA
39,063,650,303
4,882,956,287
Number of Sectors
39,063,650,304
4,882,956,288
Conventional zone
↓ LBA 0 LBA 48,889,855↓
Zone 0
Zone 1
Zone 2
…
Zone 745
Sequential write required/ zone
↓ LBA 48,889,856 LBA 4,882,956,287↓
Zone 746
Zone 747
Zone 748
…
Zone 74507
Figure 1 Logical Layout example: Number of Block per Sector 4096
26
Hard Disk Drive Specification
Performance characteristics
Drive performance is characterized by the following parameters:
Command overhead
Mechanical positioning
- Latency
Data transfer speed
Buffering operation (Look ahead/Write cache)
All the above parameters contribute to drive performance. There are other parameters that contribute to the
performance of the actual system. This specification defines the characteristics of the drive, not the characteristics
of the system throughput which depends on the system and the application.
The terms “Typical” and “Max” are used throughout this specification with the following meanings:
Typical. The average of the drive population tested at nominal environmental and voltage conditions.
Max. The maximum value measured on any one drive over the full range of the environmental and voltage
conditions. (See Section 6.2, “Environment” and Section 6.3, “DC Power Requirements”)
4.5.1 Mechanical positioning
4.5.1.1 Average latency
Table 6 Latency Time
Rotational speed
Time for a revolution (ms)
Average latency (ms)
7200 RPM
8.3
4.16
4.5.2 Drive ready time
Table 7 Drive ready time
Power on to ready
Typical (sec)
Maximum (sec)
9 Disk model
25
30
Ready
The condition in which the drive is able to perform a media access command (such as read, write)
immediately
Power on
This includes the time required for the internal self-diagnostics.
Notes: The typical and maximum drive ready time in the table are for proper power shutdown using the Required
Power-Off Sequence. In the event of an EPO (Emergency Power Off), the drive ready times in the table can be
exceeded by as much as 2s-4s. The additional time is used to condition the drive for user data access. The actual
time may vary depending on the drive pre-condition before the EPO event.
27
Hard Disk Drive Specification
4.5.3 Operating modes
4.5.3.1 Operating mode descriptions
Operating mode
Description
Spin up
Period of time from 0 rpm to full rpm
Start up
Period of time from power on to drive ready.
Seek
Seek operation mode
Write
Write operation mode
Read
Read operation mode
Active
Drive is able to perform a media access command (such as read, write) immediately
Idle_0
Drive Ready, but not performing IO, drive may power down selected electronics to reduce
power without increasing response time
Idle_A
Drive Ready, but not performing IO, drive may power down selected electronics to reduce
power without increasing response time
Idle_B
Spindle rotation at 7200 RPM with heads unloaded
Idle_C/Standby_Y
Spindle rotation at Low RPM with heads unloaded
Standby_Z
Actuator is unloaded and spindle motor is stopped. Commands can be received immediately
Sleep (SATA)
Actuator is unloaded and spindle motor is stopped. Only soft reset or hard reset can change
the mode to standby_z
Note: Upon power down or spindle stop a head locking mechanism will secure the heads in the OD parking
position.
4.5.3.2 Mode transition times
Mode transition times are shown below
Table 8 Mode transition times
From
To
RPM
Typical (sec)
Idle_B
Active
7200
1.5
Idle_C
Active
6300 -> 7200
4
Standby_Y
Active
6300 -> 7200
4
Standby_Z
Active
0 > 7200
15
Note: Maximum transition time of 30 Seconds based on drive timeout value
28
Hard Disk Drive Specification
5 Defect flagging strategy
Media defects are remapped to the next available sector during the Format Process in manufacturing. The mapping
from LBA to the physical locations is calculated by an internally maintained table.
5.1 Shipped format
Data areas are optimally used.
No extra sector is wasted as a spare throughout user data areas.
All pushes generated by defects are absorbed by the spare tracks of the inner zone.
Figure 2 PList physical format
Defects are skipped without any constraint, such as track or cylinder boundary. The calculation from LBA to physical
is done automatically by internal table.
N N+1 N+2 N+3
defect defect
skip
skip
29
Hard Disk Drive Specification
6 Specification
6.1 Electrical interface
6.1.1 Connector location
Refer to the following illustration to see the location of the connectors.
Figure 3 Connector location
6.1.1.1 Signal connector
A Serial ATA device may be either directly connected to a host or connected to a host through a cable.
For direct connection, the device plug connector is inserted directly into a backplane connector. The device plug
connector and the backplane connector incorporate features that enable the direct connection to be hot pluggable
and blind mate able.
For connection via cable, the device signal plug connector mates with the signal cable receptacle connector on one
end of the cable. The signal cable receptacle connector on the other end of the cable is inserted into a host signal
plug connector. The signal cable wire consists of two twinax sections in a common outer sheath.
Besides the signal cable, there is also a separate power cable for the cabled connection. A Serial ATA power cable
includes a power cable receptacle connector on one end and may be directly connected to the host power supply
on the other end or may include a power cable receptacle on the other end. The power cable receptacle connector
on one end of the power cable mates with the device power plug connector. The other end of the power cable is
attached to the host as necessary.
30
Hard Disk Drive Specification
6.1.2 Signal definition
SATA has receivers and drivers to be connected to Tx+/- and Rx +/- Serial data signal.
Defines the signal names of I/O connector pin and signal name.
Table 9 Interface connector pins and I/O signals
No.
Plug Connector pin definition
Signal
I/O
Signal
S1
GND
2nd mate
Gnd
S2
A+
Differential signal A from Phy
RX+
Input
S3
A- RX-
Input
S4
Gnd
2nd mate
Gnd
S5
B-
Differential signal B from Phy
TX-
Output
S6
B+ TX+
Output
S7
Gnd
2nd mate
Gnd
Key and spacing separate signal and power
segments
Power
P1
Reserved*
NOT USED (P1 and P2 tied internally)
Reserve
P2
Reserved*
Not USED (P1 and P2 tied internally)
Reserve
P3
Reserved* or
PWDIS* (option)
Not USED (P1, P2 and P3 tied internally)
or
Enter/Exit Power Disable (option)
Reserve
or
PWDIS
P4
Gnd
1st mate
Gnd
P5
Gnd
2nd mate
Gnd
P6
Gnd
2nd mate
Gnd
P7
V5
5V power,pre-charge,2nd Mate
5V
P8
V5
5V power
5V
P9
V5
5V power
5V
P10
Gnd
2nd mate
Gnd
P11
Reserved
Support staggered spin-up and LED activity
VDih max=2.1V
Reserve
P12
Gnd
1st mate
Gnd
P13
V12
12V power,pre-chage,2nd mate
V12
P14
V12
12V power
V12
P15
V12
12V power
V12
* SATA Specification Revision 3.1 and prior revisions assigned 3.3V to pins P1, P2 and P3. In addition, device
plug pins P1, P2, and P3 were required to be bused together. In the standard configuration of this product,
P3 is connected with P1 and P2 and this product behaves as SATA 3.1 or prior version product in a system
designed to SATA 3.2 system that does not support the 3.3 feature. For product with the optional SATA 3.3 Power
Disable Feature supported, P3 is now assigned as the POWER DISABLE CONTROL PIN. If P3 is driven HIGH
(2.1V-3.6V max), power to the drive circuitry will be disabled. Drives with this optional feature WILL NOT POWER
UP in systems designed to SATA Spec Revision 3.1 or earlier because P3 driven HIGH will prevent the drive from
powering up.
6.1.2.1 TX+ / TX-
These signals are the outbound high-speed differential signals that are connected to the serial ATA cable
6.1.2.2 RX+ / RX-
These signals are the inbound high-speed differential signals that are connected to the serial ATA cable.
Loading...