Westell CSI DSP25XAW Users Manual

CSI-DSP85-250-AW, CSI-DSP85-251-AW,

CSI-DSP85I-250-AW, CSI-DSP85I-251-AW,

CSI-DSP85-250-S-AW, CSI-DSP85-251-S-AW,
CSI-DSP85I-250-S-AW, and CSI-DSP85I-251-S-AW

Installation Manual

T able of Contents

Product Registration Information.........................................................................................................................4

Document Purpose / Intended Users ..................................................................................................................4

Application .........................................................................................................................................................4

Safety Guidelines...............................................................................................................................................4

Important Safety Information............................................................................................................................... 5

T erms Used in This Manual ................................................................................................................................5

Product Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 5

Band Plans ........................................................................................................................................................6

Filter File Naming Conventions ........................................................................................................................... 7

LED Ind icator .....................................................................................................................................................8

Functional Overview............................................................................................................................................8

Local Communication Interface Ports ................................................................................................................. 9

Monitoring & Alarms........................................................................................................................................... 9

Ethernet .............................................................................................................................................................9

USB Interface..................................................................................................................................................... 9

System Set-Up Considerations ........................................................................................................................10

Attenuator Selection Guidelines: ...................................................................................................................... 11

Mounting the Digital Repeater .......................................................................................................................... 12

Optional Accessories .......................................................................................................................................13

Important Installation Notes..............................................................................................................................13

Circuit Operational Description ......................................................................................................................... 13

Functional Block Diagram ................................................................................................................................14

Mechanical Specifcations................................................................................................................................. 15

AC Power Specifcations................................................................................................................................... 15

Operating Power Parameters ........................................................................................................................... 16

Environmental Requirements ............................................................................................................................ 16

Mechanical Drawing ........................................................................................................................................ 17

System Status:................................................................................................................................................18

Web based GUI Session.................................................................................................................................. 18

Local Network: ................................................................................................................................................. 19

Program a Filter: ..............................................................................................................................................20

RF Configuration: ............................................................................................................................................. 20

Remote Network: ............................................................................................................................................. 21

SNMP Configuration:........................................................................................................................................ 21

System Health: ................................................................................................................................................ 22

Install & Upload:.............................................................................................................................................. 22

Reboot: ............................................................................................................................................................ 23

Email Configuration: ......................................................................................................................................... 23

Alarm Confi gurat ion:......................................................................................................................................... 23

Log Configuration: ............................................................................................................................................ 24

Change Password: ...........................................................................................................................................24

T ext Menu Interface (Local Access)..................................................................................................................25

T elnet Session (Remote Access)...................................................................................................................... 29

Modem Interface (Remote Access with login) ................................................................................................... 31

Additional Tips ................................................................................................................................................. 32

Suggested Spectrum Analyzer Setting: ............................................................................................................ 34

RF Notes: ........................................................................................................................................................ 34

Warranty ..........................................................................................................................................................35

Industry Certifications/Registration Numbers: ................................................................................................... 35

One Y ear Limited Warranty .............................................................................................................................. 35

Index ................................................................................................................................................................36

Product Registration Information

The serial number may be found on the label on the bottom panel near the power
connectors. Note this number below. Retain this manual, along with proof of pur­chase, to serve as a permanent record of your purchase.

MODEL NUMBER SERIAL NUMBER DATE OF PURCHASE

POINT OF SALE COMPANY

DISCLAIMER: All information and statements contained herein are accurate to the best of the knowledge of Cellular Specialties,
Inc. (CSI), but Cellular Specialties makes no warranty with respect thereto, including without limitation any results that
may be obtained from the products described herein or the infringement by such products of any proprietary rights of
any persons. Use or application of such information or statements is at the users sole risk, without any liability on the
part of Cellular Specialties, Inc. Nothing herein shall be construed as licence or recommendation for use, which infringes
upon any proprietary rights of any person. Product material and specifications are subject to change without notice.
Cellular Specialties’ standard terms of sale and the specific terms of any particular sale apply.

Document Purpose / Intended Users

The purpose of this document is to provide a step-by-step procedure to help the experienced
technician/engineer install and commission an in-building wireless enhancement repeater
system using CSI’s Digital Repeater. Following the procedures outlined will minimize risks
associated with modifying a live system and prevent service interruptions. This document
assumes the technician/engineer understands the basic principles and functionality involved
with Repeater and in-building systems. It is geared to the practical concerns of the installer.

Application

This guide should be applied whenever a need exists to add Digital Repeater capability to an
existing system or when this capability is being included with a new installation.

Radio and Television Interference

NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a
Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are
designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the
equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates,
uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in
accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio
communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to
cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the
interference at his own expense. In order to maintain compliance with FCC
regulations shielded cables must be used with this equipment. Operation with
non-approved equipment or unshieled cabled is likely to result in interference to
radio & television reception. Changes and Modifications not expressly approved by
Cellular Specialties can void your authority to operate this equipment under
Federal Communications Commissions rules.

Safety Guidelines

The general safety information in this guideline applies to both operating and service personnel.
Specific warnings and cautions will be found in other parts of this manual where they apply, but
may not appear in this summary. Failure to comply with these precautions or specific warnings
elsewhere in the manual violates safety standards of design, manufacture, and intended use of
equipment. Cellular Specialties, Inc. assumes no liability for the customer’s failure to comply with
these requirements:

Grounding

This Digital Repeater system is designed to operate from 100-240 VAC and should always
be operated with the ground wire properly connected. Do not remove or otherwise alter the
grounding lug on the power cord.

Explosive Atmospheres

To avoid explosion or fire, do not operate this product in the presence of flammable
gases or fumes.

Lightning Danger

Do not install or make adjustments to this unit during an electrical storm. Use of a suitable

lightning arrester, such as CSI’s model number CSI-CAP, is very strongly recommended.

No User Serviceable Parts Inside

HAZARDOUS VOLTAGES ARE PRESENT WHEN THE COVER IS REMOVED. Opening the

chassis will void your warranty. If you suspect a malfunction with this product, call your dealer or
the Cellular Specialties Support Line at: [phone], Toll Free (USA) 1-877-844-4274.

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Important Safety Information

Antennas used for the purpose of radiating signals indoors are limited to a maximum gain of 3 dBi. The outdoor antenna used for the
purpose of communicating to the wireless infrastructure is limited to 14dBi gain, or any combination of gain and loss that equates to
14dB at input. Each antenna must be positioned to observe minimum separation requirements from all users and bystanders. The
following guidelines should be used when considering separation distances.

INDOOR antennas must be placed such that, under normal conditions, personnel cannot come within 20 cm (~8.0 in.) from any inside
antenna. Adhering to this minimum separation will ensure that the employee or bystander cannot exceed RF exposures beyond the
maximum permissible limit as defined by section 1.1310 i.e. limits for General Population/Uncontrolled Exposure.

OUTDOOR antenna must be positioned such that, under normal conditions, personnel cannot approach closer than 183 cm. (~6 ft.). A
directional antenna having a maximum gain of 14 dBi is used, precautions should be taken to prevent personnel from routinely passing
through the main radiation beam at a distance closer than specified.

Terms Used in This Manual

AGC= Automatic Gain Control ERP= Effective Radiated Power
APC= Automatic Power Control FCS= Feedback Cancellation System
AUI= Attachment Unit Interface FPGA= Field Programmable Gate Array

CPU= Central Processing Unit LED= Light Emitting Diode
CSI= Cellular Specialties, Inc. OIP3= Third-Order Intercept Point
DAS= Distributed Antenna System RF= Radio Frequency

DHCP= Dynamic Host Configuration SBC= Single Board Computer
Protocol SNMP= Simple Network Management Protocol

DSP= Digital Signal Processing TMI= Text Menu Interface
EEPROM= Electrically Erasable USB = Universal Serial Bus

Programmable read- UHCI = Universal Host Controller Interface
only Memory

Product Introduction

Cellular Specialties, Inc. (CSI) developed this digital repeater for use within enclosed structures where
sufficient signal from local cell sites to operate wireless phones is unavailable. Adequate signal must be
available outside the structure as a prerequisite to achieving in-building coverage. The Digital Repeater is
connected to an external antenna, usually on the roof, and to one or more internal antennas placed
strategically throughout the area where wireless service is desired.

The external antenna typically is directional, such as a “yagi”. Internal antennas are typically omnidirec­tional, although various other types may be used depending on the coverage application. The repeater
amplifies both the “uplink”(phone to tower) & “downlink”(tower to phone) signals thus facilitating
communications to and from the intended wireless infrastructure.

With a maximum total of +85dB nominal gain on both the up and down links, gain can be adjusted over a
range from +53.5dB to +85dB in 0.5dB steps. Control of the repeater is achieved utilizing a computer
connected to comm. port 1 or 2 or via a Crossover Ethernet cable connected to the Ethernet port. There
are also an LED indicator indicate ALARM status.

A specific filtering process modifies each amplification chain. This process digitally converts the assigned
spectrum and then applies digital signal processing (DSP) techniques. DSP is used to create passbands
that selects the RF energy passing through either the uplink or downlink paths. After the digital processing
is complete, the information is converted back to an analog signal that is applied to the remaining stages
of amplification. The resulting signals emitted by the repeater are specific to the network service providers’
requirements. If these requirements change, only the DSP configuration parameters need change in order
to adapt. Configuration parameters are created at the factory and supplied as files that may be down­loaded to the repeater. The filter set configurations stored in memory determine the unit’s adaptability to
various field applications. The following pages describe the PCS band plan as well as the convention CSI
uses to identify and store the files that make up the filter set. All units are shipped with an active filter set
that is programmed according to the ordering parties’ specifications. In most cases, the installer will not
have to program a filter.

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Band Plan

CSI’s DSP AWS-1 Band Plan

Mobile

(MHz)

1710

2110

Base
(MHz)

A1

UL1710-17 15
DL2110 -211 5

ABCDE

A0

UL1710- 172 0
DL2110-2 120

A2

UL1715-17 20
DL2115-21 20

1720

2120

B1

UL1720-1 725
DL2120-21 25

B0

UL1720 -173 0
DL2120-2 130

B2

UL1725-1 730
DL2125-21 30

1730

2130 2135

C0

UL1730-17 35
DL2130-21 35

1735 1740

D0

UL1735- 174 0
DL2135-2 140

2140 2145

E0

UL1740- 1745
DL2140-2 145

1745

F1

UL1745-1 750
DL2145-21 50

F

F0

UL1745-17 55
DL2145-215 5

F2

UL1750- 175 5
DL2150-2 155

Mobile

(MHz)

1755

2155

Base

(MHz)

Note: All frequencies are shown in MHz

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Filter File Naming Convention

Note: Filter file names will be from six to twelve characters long. Each character position in the filter file name is
used to define the characteristics of the filter as shown above. All frequencies are shown in MHz

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Functional Overview

CSI digital repeaters incorporates the following features for convenient operation, access,
protection, and control.

• Network Configuration and Control using either a webpage style GUI through
any standard browser or a menu driven user interface using the serial port.
Note: GUI does not require Internet access.

• User Gain Control (affects all passbands)

• Automatic Gain Control

• Automatic Power Control

• Oscillation Protection

• Over Drive Protection (P.A. limiting)

• Under/Over Voltage Protection

• Fault Protection

• Alarm Notification - Local/Remote

• Upgrade Support - Local/Remote

• External Interfaces - USB/Ethernet/Serial

• Re-loadable filters - Local/Remote

• Web-based monitoring and control - Local/Remote

• Persistent Status and Error information

LED Indicator

Automatic safety precautions are built into the amplifier system. In the case of a catastrophic system
event, a shutdown circuit is incorporated that will disable all emissions should the uplink input or downlink
input be over driven or should an oscillation or output overpower event occur. The amplifier will periodi­cally attempt to recover from the detected condition automatically.

When a boot up is complete and no alarm conditions exist, the LED indicator will be illuminated green.
Should a fault condition develop the LED will illuminate red and the user may check the status page
of the GUI for the nature of the fault.*

*Note: During Power up, the repeater will require a approximately three minutes for

the internal computer to boot up. During this time the LED on the front panel may light
and go out several times.

Do not unplug the unit while it is in the boot up process!

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Local Communication Interface Ports

To allow monitoring and control, the repeater is equipped with four ports that provide external
communication access (1 Ethernet CAT-5, 2 DB-9 serial, and 1 USB). The Ethernet, CAT-5 port
is provided as a primary communications port to the PC. One serial interface provides commu­nications to local PC and the second to an external modem when provided. The USB interface
provides a means to download files from a memory device and may also be used by an
external modem. The DB-9 pin assignments conform to the standard Electronic Industries
Association (EIA232) specification. A diagram of the pin descriptions is provided on this page
for reference.

Connecting a null modem cable to one of the COM ports and using a terminal emulation
program with a PC will allow communication to the control processor’s Text Menu Interface
(TMI). See command line interface section for further detail.

EIA232 Pin Specifications

The diagram above is for reference only, it’s intended to provide a quick source for pinout
information in the event it should be necessary to adapt your serial cable because of an
unusual connector configuration. In the vast majority of cases this information will not be
needed.

USB Interface

The Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface conforms to Intel’s Universal Host Controller
Interface (UHCI) version 1.1 dated March 21, 1996. This interface will support data
transfer rates up to 12 Mbps and can be used for software updates and filter file
uploads.

Ethernet

The Ethernet AUI conforms to IEEE 802.3 and is capable of supporting 10/100 Mbps
communications speeds. This port is used to provide access to the GUI.

Monitoring & Alarms

There are no physical connections provided to specifically communicate system or alarm
status. This information is embedded in the information accessible via the communication
ports described earlier.

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System Set-Up Considerations

All cables should be checked for shorts and opens. Also verify that there are no cables with loose or poor
connections. RF leakage could cause oscillation to occur under some conditions.

The rooftop antenna (Donor Antenna), if directional, should be checked for proper alignment along the calculated
compass heading. Typically, the directional antenna would be aimed at the same site that your handset uses, but it
may not always be so.

It is critical the installer contact the service provider for information on, and

approval of, the cell site he or she has selected before the system is turned on.

If cables and alignment are acceptable and a problem persists, it may be necessary to use a spectrum analyzer to
examine the signal environment in which the repeater is operating. The existence of strong adjacent channel
signals within the frequency band(s) can cause the AGC to reduce the amplifier’s gain or cause alarms. In some
cases additional filtering or attenuation might be required to reject these unwanted signals. In some instances, the
donor antenna can be reoriented horizontally, to place the interference source in an antenna pattern “null”. There
also may be some cases where the interference from outside signals is so great that they cannot be filtered or
otherwise reduced or eliminated without expensive and possibly prohibitive measures. In these cases it may not
be practical to use the repeater for providing coverage to these sites.

Selection of external attenuators to be used in line with the Antenna Port(s):

1:1 PORT CONFIGURATION

Input: One single band duplex port, from the dual band donor.

Output: One single band duplex port to the DAS.

DONOR PORT

If a unit is installed in an area with very strong desired and/or undesired signals, it is important to ensure that the
overall signal levels are optimized to be within the best operating range of the repeater. Additionally, de-sensing of a
nearby base station site must be avoided. These goals can be accomplished by properly attenuating the antenna
port(s) in the path of the donor antenna(s). In effect, one can imagine that the particular repeater deployment is
electrically moved farther from the base station using attenuators that are equivalent to increasing the path loss from
the donor antenna to the base station. The following potential outcomes result from the use of attenuators on the
donor port(s) of the repeater: Uplink output power, as reported by the unit, is reduced by the value of the attenua­tion, protecting nearby base stations. Downlink signal to noise ratio is high at the point of the attenuator, resulting in
slight but negligible reduction in downlink performance. Other performance is essentially unchanged.

SERVER PORT

Server port attenuation may also be necessary, particularly where a powered DAS is present. The selection guide­lines below apply to both server and donor ports. In order to properly measure uplink signal strength, a signal
generator should be used. If a signal generator is not available, placing a test call while under the server antenna
with the least path loss to the repeater should provide reasonable data.
The following potential outcomes result from the use of attenuators on the server port(s) of the repeater: Downlink
output power, as reported by the unit, is reduced by the value of the attenuation. Uplink incoming power from the
DAS is reduced, along with potentially strong and/or harmful out-of-band signals (including noise) that are generated
by the DAS.

-10-

Attenuator Selection Guidelines:

Accurate attenuator values need to be chosen to ensure that the maximum total power (higher of Composite or In­Band Input) applied to the donor and server port(s) does not exceed the following thresholds:

Input Signal Max Gain Input Signal Max Gain

-44.3 dBm 84 dB -31.4 dBm 68 dB

-43.6 dBm 83 dB -30.6 dBm 67 dB

-42.9 dBm 82 dB -29.8 dBm 66 dB

-42.2 dBm 81 dB -29 dBm 65 dB

-41.5 dBm 80 dB -28.2 dBm 64 dB

-40.6 dBm 79 dB -27.4 dBm 63 dB

-39.7 dBm 78 dB -26.6 dBm 62 dB

-38.8 dBm 77 dB -25.8 dBm 61 dB

-37.9 dBm 76 dB -25 dBm 60 dB

-37 dBm 75 dB

-36.2 dBm 74 dB -23.8 dBm 58 dB*

-35.4 dBm 73 dB -23.2 dBm 57 dB*

-34.6 dBm 72 dB -22.6 dBm 56 dB*

-33.8 dBm 71 dB -22 dBm < 55 dB*

-33 dBm 70 dB

-25 dBm is the maximum input signal level that should be applied to the repeater, even if the gain is lower than 55 dB.
Input signals exceeding these thresholds will result in composite input attenuation, called “ADC Protect” (Analog to Digital
Converter Protection). Output power is reduced whenever the above thresholds are exceeded by reducing the gain by 1dB for
each 1 dB that the threshold is exceeded. ADC Protect should not be confused with AGC (Automatic Gain Control), which
reduces gain to prevent In-Band (measured) output power from exceeding the specified maximum output level.
To determine the total power applied to the donor and server ports, please reference the “Composite Input” values as reported in
the Web (“System Status”) or Menu (“Link Status”) interfaces (depicted and explained later in this manual).

<-45 dBm 85 dB -32.2 dBm 69 dB

-24.4 dBm 59 dB*

*We recommend padding this level due to potential for fluctuating signal.

Large delta’s between in-band and composite input signals:

Care should be taken to isolate the best donor site to ensure the least possible delta between in-band and composite downlink
signals.

If the (downlink) composite input exceeds the in-band input by more than 5 dB, the maximum output power will be reduced.
Example:
AWS Band
In-Band Input -45 dBm
Composite Input -38 dBm
Max Gain = 68 dB
Max Output = 23 dBm

-11 -

Mounting the Digital Repeater

The following diagrams illustrates the methods for mounting the repeater(s) in a typical wall or rack installation.
Brackets are provided for both options. Note: Dual and single band modules are shown for illustration purposes.

Rack mount of the repeaters requires just two brackets mounted to the front corners of each module. Note: the CSI digital repeaters
must be supported in the rack system with a shelf or slide rail. Do not rely on the brackets exclusively to support all the

weight of the modules.

Mount the Cross Band Coupler on the wall close enough
to the repeater modules to allow the RF jumpers to reach
from the CBC to the repeaters. The attachment system
used to anchor the CBC to the wall must be able to
support at lease 8.4 lbs / 3.8 kg.

The wall anchoring system you use for the repeaters
will need to be able to support at lease 39.2 lbs/ 17.8
kg for each dual band module and 23.2 lbs/ 10.5 kg for
each single band add on module. The power supplies
are mounted approxamately as shown.

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