Medium Voltage Thyristor
Types K1947ZC400 to K1947ZC440
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Date:- 29 Nov, 2002
Data Sheet Issue:- 1
Old Type No.: P855CH40-44
VOLTAGE RATINGS
V
DRM
V
DSM
V
RRM
V
RSM
Repetitive peak off-state voltage, (note 1) 4000-4400 V
Non-repetitive peak off-state voltage, (note 1) 4000-4400 V
Repetitive peak reverse voltage, (note 1) 4000-4400 V
Non-repetitive peak reverse voltage, (note 1) 4100-4500 V
OTHER RATINGS
I
T(AV)M
I
T(AV)M
I
T(AV)M
I
T(RMS)
I
T(d.c.)
I
TSM
I
TSM2
I2tI
I2t
(di/dt)
V
RGM
P
G(AV)
P
GM
T
j op
T
stg
Maximum average on-state current, T
Maximum average on-state current. T
Maximum average on-state current. T
Nominal RMS on-state current, T
D.C. on-state current, T
Peak non-repetitive surge tp=10ms, Vrm=0.6V
Peak non-repetitive surge tp=10ms, Vrm≤10V, (note 5)
2
t capacity for fusing tp=10ms, Vrm=0.6V
2
I
t capacity for fusing tp=10ms, Vrm≤10V, (note 5)
Critical rate of rise of on-state current (repetitive, 60s), (Note 6) 300 A/µs
cr
Critical rate of rise of on-state current (non-repetitive), (Note 6) 600 A/µs
Peak reverse gate voltage 5 V
Mean forward gate power 4 W
Peak forward gate power 50 W
Operating temperature range -40 to +125 °C
Storage temperature range -55 to +150 °C
MAXIMUM
LIMITS
MAXIMUM
LIMITS
=55°C, (note 2) 1947 A
sink
=85°C, (note 2) 1368 A
sink
=85°C, (note 3) 857 A
sink
=25°C, (note 2) 3797 A
sink
=25°C, (note 4) 3406 A
sink
, (note 5) 25.0 kA
RRM
27.5 kA
, (note 5) 3.13×10
RRM
3.78×10
6
6
UNITS
UNITS
A2s
A2s
Notes:-
1) De-rating factor of 0.13% per °C is applicable for T
2) Double side cooled, single phase; 50Hz, 180° half-sinewave.
3) Single side cooled, single phase; 50Hz, 180° half-sinewave.
4) Double side cooled.
5) Half-sinewave, 125°C T
6) V
=67% V
D
Data Sheet. Types K1947ZC400 to K1947ZC440 Issue 1 Page 1 of 11 November, 2002
, IFG=2A, tr≤0.5µs, T
DRM
initial.
j
case
=125°C.
below 25°C.
j
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Characteristics
PARAMETER MIN. TYP. MAX. TEST CONDITIONS (Note 1) UNITS
V
TM
V
TM
V
T0
r
T
(dv/dt)crCritical rate of rise of off-state voltage 1000 - - VD=80% V
I
DRM
I
RRM
V
GT
I
GT
V
GD
I
H
t
gd
t
gt
Q
rr
Q
ra
I
rm
t
rr
t
q
R
thJK
Maximum peak on-state voltage - - 2.51 ITM=3000A V
Maximum peak on-state voltage - - 3.76 ITM=6000A V
Threshold voltage - - 1.221 V
Slope resistance - - 0.425
, linear ramp, gate o/c
DRM
Peak off-state current - - 150 Rated V
Peak reverse current - - 150 Rated V
Gate trigger voltage - - 3.0 V
T
Gate trigger current - - 300
Gate non-trigger voltage - - 0.25 Rated V
DRM
RRM
=25°C VD=10V, IT=3A
j
DRM
mΩ
V/µs
mA
mA
mA
V
Holding current - - 1000 Tj=25°C mA
Gate-controlled turn-on delay time - 0.7 1.5 µs
Turn-on time - 2.3 4.5
=67% V
V
D
I
=2A, tr=0.5µs, Tj=25°C
FG
, IT=2000A, di/dt=10A/µs,
DRM
µs
Recovered charge - 8800 - µC
Recovered charge, 50% Chord - 3500 4000 µC
Reverse recovery current - 180 - A
Reverse recovery time - 40 -
- 350 -
Turn-off time
- 650 -
Thermal resistance, junction to heatsink
- - 0.011 Double side cooled K/W
I
=1000A, tp=1000µs, di/dt=10A/µs,
TM
V
=50V
r
ITM=1000A, tp=1000µs, di/dt=10A/µs,
V
=50V, Vdr=33%V
r
, dVdr/dt=20V/µs
DRM
ITM=1000A, tp=1000µs, di/dt=10A/µs,
V
=50V, Vdr=33%V
r
, dVdr/dt=200V/µs
DRM
µs
µs
- - 0.022 Single side cooled K/W
F Mounting force 27 - 47 kN
W
Weight - 1.7 - kg
t
Notes:-
1) Unless otherwise indicated T
Data Sheet. Types K1947ZC400 to K1947ZC440 Issue 1 Page 2 of 11 November, 2002
=125°C.
j
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Notes on Ratings and Characteristics
1.0 Voltage Grade Table
Voltage Grade
V
DRM VDSM VRRM
V
V
RSM
V
V
V
D
DC V
R
40 4000 4100 2000
42 4200 4300 2040
44 4400 4500 2080
2.0 Extension of Voltage Grades
This report is applicable to other voltage grades when supply has been agreed by Sales/Production.
3.0 De-rating Factor
A blocking voltage de-rating factor of 0.13%/°C is applicable to this device for Tj below 25°C.
4.0 Repetitive dv/dt
Standard dv/dt is 1000V/µs.
5.0 Frequency Ratings
The curves illustrated in figures 17 & 18 are for guidance only and are superseded by the maximum
ratings shown on page 1. For operation above line frequency, please consult the factory for assistance.
6.0 Snubber Components
When selecting snubber components, care must be taken not to use excessively large values of snubber
capacitor or excessively small values of snubber resistor. Such excessive component values may lead to
device damage due to the large resultant values of snubber discharge current. If required, please consult
the factory for assistance.
7.0 Rate of rise of on-state current
The maximum un-primed rate of rise of on-state current must not exceed 600A/µs at any time during turnon on a non-repetitive basis. For repetitive performance, the on-state rate of rise of current must not
exceed 300A/µs at any time during turn-on. Note that these values of rate of rise of current apply to the
total device current including that from any local snubber network.
8.0 Square wave frequency ratings
These ratings are given for load component rate of rise of on-state current of 50A/µs.
9.0 Duty cycle lines
The 100% duty cycle is represented on the frequency ratings by a straight line. Other duties can be
included as parallel to the first.
Data Sheet. Types K1947ZC400 to K1947ZC440 Issue 1 Page 3 of 11 November, 2002
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10.0 Gate Drive
The nominal requirement for a typical gate drive is illustrated below. An open circuit voltage of at least 30V
is assumed. This gate drive must be applied when using the full di/dt capability of the device.
I
GM
4A/µs
I
G
t
p1
The magnitude of IGM should be between five and ten times IGT, which is shown on page 2. Its duration
) should be 20µs or sufficient to allow the anode current to reach ten times IL, whichever is greater.
(t
p1
Otherwise, an increase in pulse current could be needed to supply the necessary charge to trigger. The
‘back-porch’ current I
magnitude in the order of 1.5 times I
11.0 Computer Modelling Parameters
11.1 Device Dissipation Calculations
I
=
AV
Where VT0=1.221V, rT=0.425mΩ,
should remain flowing for the same duration as the anode current and have a
G
2
4
00
2
⋅⋅
.
GT
T
AV
=
∆
R
th
max
TTT
−=∆
Hsj
WrffVV
⋅⋅⋅++−
AVTTT
rff
T
and:
W
R
= Supplementary thermal impedance, see table below and
th
ff = Form factor, see table below.
Supplementary Thermal Impedance
Conduction Angle 30° 60° 90° 120° 180° 270° d.c.
Square wave Double Side Cooled
Square wave Single Side Cooled
Sine wave Double Side Cooled
Sine wave Single Side Cooled
Conduction Angle 30° 60° 90° 120° 180° 270° d.c.
Square wave 3.464 2.449 2 1.732 1.414 1.149 1
Sine wave 3.98 2.778 2.22 1.879 1.57
0.0128 0.0125 0.0122 0.012 0.0117 0.0114 0.011
0.0237 0.0234 0.0232 0.0229 0.0226 0.0223 0.022
0.0126 0.0123 0.0121 0.0118 0.0115
0.0235 0.0233 0.0230 0.0228 0.0225
Form Factors
Data Sheet. Types K1947ZC400 to K1947ZC440 Issue 1 Page 4 of 11 November, 2002
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p
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11.2 Calculating VT using ABCD Coefficients
The on-state characteristic I
(i) the well established V
(ii) a set of constants A, B, C, D, forming the coefficients of the representative equation for V
terms of I
The constants, derived by curve fitting software, are given below for both hot and cold characteristics. The
resulting values for V
that plotted.
11.3 D.C. Thermal Impedance Calculation
given below:
T
T
A
B
C
D
vs. VT, on page 6 is represented in two ways;
T
and rT tangent used for rating purposes and
T0
()
agree with the true device characteristic over a current range, which is limited to
25°C Coefficients 125°C Coefficients
-2.280397
0.9867033
7.047980×10
-0.08696615
-4
=
∑
p
A
B
C
D
np
−⋅=
1
pt
=
1
2.504535
-0.297745
2.691156×10
0.028827
−
t
τ
p
err
IDICIBAV ⋅+⋅+⋅+= ln
TTTT
-4
T
in
Where p = 1 to n, n is the number of terms in the series and:
t = Duration of heating pulse in seconds.
r
= Thermal resistance at time t.
t
= Amplitude of pth term.
r
= Time Constant of rth term.
τ
The coefficients for this device are shown in the tables below:
D.C. Double Side Cooled
Term1234
r
p
τ
p
Term1234
r
p
τ
p
3.424745×10
1.125391 0.1878348 0.02788979 8.430889×10
8.375269×10
8.929845 0.4711304 0.08221244 0.01221961
-3
-3
1.745273×10
D.C. Single Side Cooled
2.518437×10
-3
-3
8.532017×10
1.193758×10
-4
-3
3.457329×10
7.45432×10
-4
-3
-4
Data Sheet. Types K1947ZC400 to K1947ZC440 Issue 1 Page 5 of 11 November, 2002
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Curves
Figure 1 - On-state characteristics of Limit device Figure 2 - Transient thermal impedance
10000
K1947ZC400-440
Issue 1
0.1
K1947ZC400-440
Issue 1
SSC
0.022K/W
Tj = 125°C Tj = 25°C
(A)
TM
1000
Instantaneous On-state current - I
100
012345
Instantaneous On-state voltage - V
(V)
TM
0.01
0.001
0.0001
Transient thermal impedance (K/W)
0.00001
0.000001
1E-05 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
Time (s)
DSC
0.011K/W
Figure 3 - Gate characteristics - Trigger limits Figure 4 - Gate characteristics - Power curves
6
K1947ZC400-440
Tj=25°C
5
4
Issue 1
Max VG dc
18
K1947ZC400-440
Tj=25°C
16
14
12
Issue 1
Max VG dc
(V)
G
3
Gate Voltage - V
2
1
IGD, V
GD
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6
Data Sheet. Types K1947ZC400 to K1947ZC440 Issue 1 Page 6 of 11 November, 2002
IGT, V
GT
125°C
Min VG dc
Gate Current - I
25°C
G
(A)
-10°C
-40°C
(V)
G
10
8
Gate Voltage - V
6
4
2
0
0246810
PG 5W dc
Gate Current - I
PG Max 50W dc
Min VG dc
(A)
G
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Figure 5 - Total recovered charge, Q
100000
(µC)
rr
10000
Recovered charge - Q
1000
1 10 100 1000
di/dt (A/µs)
rr
K1947ZC400-450
Issue 1
Tj=125°C
4000A
2000A
1000A
500A
Figure 6 - Recovered charge, Qra (50% chord)
10000
K1947ZC400-450
Issue 1
Tj=125°C
, 50% chord (µC)
ra
Recovered charge - Q
1000
1 10 100 1000
di/dt (A/µs)
4000A
2000A
1000A
500A
Figure 7 - Peak reverse recovery current, I
10000
K1947ZC400-440
Issue 1
Tj=125°C
1000
(A)
rm
100
Reverse recovery current - I
10
1 10 100 1000
di/dt (A/µs)
rm
4000A
2000A
1000A
500A
Figure 8 - Maximum recovery time, trr (50% chord)
1000
(µs)
rr
100
10
Reverse recovery time (50% chord) - t
1
1 10 100 1000
di/dt (A/µs)
K1947ZC400-440
Issue 1
Tj=125°C
4000A
2000A
1000A
500A
Data Sheet. Types K1947ZC400 to K1947ZC440 Issue 1 Page 7 of 11 November, 2002
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Figure 9 – On-state current vs. Power dissipation – Double Side Cooled (Sine wave)
10000
K1947ZC400-440
9000
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
Maximum forward dissipation (W)
3000
2000
1000
Issue 1
30°
60°
90°
120°
180°
Figure 10 – On-state current vs. Heatsink temperature - Double Side Cooled (Sine wave)
150
K1947ZC400-440
Issue 1
125
100
75
50
Maximum permissable heatsink temperature (°C)
25
30° 60° 90° 120° 180°
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Mean forward current (A) (Whole cycle averaged)
Figure 11 – On-state current vs. Power dissipation – Double Side Cooled (Square wave)
10000
Maximum forward dissipation (W)
9000
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
K1947ZC400-440
Issue 1
d.c.
270°
180°
120°
90°
60°
30°
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Mean forward current (A) (Whole cycle averaged)
Figure 12 – On-state current vs. Heatsink temperature – Double Side Cooled (Square wave)
150
K1947ZC400-440
Issue 1
125
100
75
50
Maximum permissible heatsink temperature (°C)
25
30°
60°
90°
120°
180°
270°
d.c.
1000
0
0 1000 2000 3000 4000
Mean Forward Current (Amps) (Whole Cycle Averaged)
Data Sheet. Types K1947ZC400 to K1947ZC440 Issue 1 Page 8 of 11 November, 2002
0
0 1000 2000 3000 4000
Mean Forward Current (Amps) (Whole Cycle Averaged)
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Figure 13 – On-state current vs. Power dissipation – Single Side Cooled (Sine wave)
5000
180°
4500
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
Maximum forward dissipation (W)
1500
1000
500
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000
Mean forward current (A) (Whole cycle averaged)
30°
60°
90°
120°
K1947ZC400-440
Issue 1
Figure 14 – On-state current vs. Heatsink temperature – Single Side Cooled (Sine wave)
150
K1947ZC400-440
Issue 1
125
100
75
50
Maximum permissable heatsink temperature (°C)
25
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000
Mean forward current (A) (Whole cycle averaged)
30° 60° 90° 120° 180°
Figure 15 – On-state current vs. Power dissipation – Single Side Cooled (Square wave)
5000
4500
4000
3500
3000
d.c.
270°
2500
2000
Maximum forward dissipation (W)
1500
1000
500
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Mean Forward Current (Amps) (Whole Cycle Averaged)
180°
120°
90°
60°
30°
K1947ZC400-440
Issue 1
Figure 16 – On-state current vs. Heatsink temperature – Single Side Cooled (Square wave)
150
125
100
75
50
Maximum permissible heatsink temperature (°C)
25
0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Mean Forward Current (Amps) (Whole Cycle Averaged)
K1947ZC400-440
Issue 1
30°
60°
90°
120°
180°
270°
d.c.
Data Sheet. Types K1947ZC400 to K1947ZC440 Issue 1 Page 9 of 11 November, 2002
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Figure 17 – Square Wave Frequency Ratings Figure 18 – Sine W ave Frequency Ratings
1.00E+05
500A
K1947ZC400-440
Issue 1
di/dt=50A/µs
Ths=55°C
1.00E+05
K1947ZC400-440
Issue 1
Ths=55°C
1.00E+04
1.00E+03
Frequency (Hz)
1.00E+02
1.00E+01
1000A
1500A
2000A
3000A
5000A
8000A
1.00E-05 1.00E-04 1.00E-03 1.00E-02
100% Duty Cycle
di/dt (A/µs)
Figure 19 – Maximum Surge and I2t Ratings
100000
1.00E+04
1.00E+03
Frequency (Hz)
1.00E+02
1.00E+01
1000A
1500A
2000A
3000A
5000A
8000A
1.00E-05 1.00E-04 1.00E-03 1.00E-02
di/dt (A/µs)
100% Duty Cycle
1.00E+08
10000
I2t: V
I2t: 60% V
I
: V
TSM
I
: 60% V
TSM
RRM
RRM
≤
≤
10V
RRM
10V
RRM
2
2
1.00E+07
Total peak half sine surge current (A)
Tj (initial) = 125°C
K1947ZC400-440
Issue 1
1000
135101 5 10 50 100
1.00E+06
Duration of surge (ms) Duration of surge (cycles @ 50Hz)
Data Sheet. Types K1947ZC400 to K1947ZC440 Issue 1 Page 10 of 11 November, 2002
s)
t (A
Maximum I
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Outline Drawing & Ordering Information
101A281
ORDERING INFORMATION (Please quote 10 digit code as below)
K1947 ZC
Fixed
Type Code
Order code: K1947ZC420 – 4200V V
IXYS Semiconductor GmbH
Edisonstraße 15
D-68623 Lampertheim
Tel: +49 6206 503-0
Fax: +49 6206 503-627
E-mail: marcom@ixys.de
IXYS Corporation
3540 Bassett Street
Santa Clara CA 95054 USA
Tel: +1 (408) 982 0700
Fax: +1 (408) 496 0670
E-mail: sales@ixys.net
The information contained herein is confidential and is protected by Copyright. The information may not be used or
disclosed except with the written permission of and in the manner permitted by the proprietors Westcode Semiconductors
Ltd.
In the interest of product improvement, Westcode reserves the right to change specifications at any ti me without prior
notice.
Devices with a suffix code (2-letter or letter/digit/letter combination) added to their generic code are not necessarily subject
to the conditions and limits contained in this report.
outline code
, V
DRM
Fixed
, 37.7mm clamp height capsule.
RRM
www.westcode.com
www.ixys.net
Voltage code
/100
V
DRM
40-44
0
Fixed turn-off
time code
Westcode Semiconductors Ltd
Langley Park Way, Langley Park,
Chippenham, Wiltshire, SN15 1GE.
Tel: +44 (0)1249 444524
Fax: +44 (0)1249 659448
E-mail: WSL.sales@westcode.com
Westcode Semiconductors Inc
3270 Cherry Avenue
Long Beach CA 90807 USA
Tel: +1 (562) 595 6971
Fax: +1 (562) 595 8182
E-mail: WSI.sales@westcode.com
© Westcode Semiconductors Ltd.
Data Sheet. Types K1947ZC400 to K1947ZC440 Issue 1 Page 11 of 11 November, 2002
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