WD WDS100T2B0B, WDS500G2B0A, WDS250G2B0A User Manual
WD Blue™ 3D NAND SATA SSD
Internal SSD Storage
User Manual
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Table of Contents
_________
Accessing Online Support.................................................................................ii
_________
1 Preface.............................................................................................................1
Typographical Conventions Used...................................................................................1
Glossary of Abbreviations and Acronyms...................................................................... 1
_________
2 Introduction................................................................................................... 2
General Description.........................................................................................................2
Key Features.....................................................................................................................2
Functional Description.....................................................................................................4
Advanced Flash Management.........................................................................................4
Defect and Error Management...........................................................................................4
Wear Leveling......................................................................................................................4
Bad Block Management...................................................................................................... 5
Background Garbage Collection....................................................................................... 5
Tiered Caching.................................................................................................................... 5
Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC)......................................................................................5
Advanced Power Management.......................................................................................5
_________
3 General Product
Specifications....................................................................7
Interface............................................................................................................................7
Hardware
Configuration..................................................................................................7
Storage Capacity............................................................................................................. 7
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4 Performance...................................................................................................9
WD Blue 3D NAND SATA SSD 2.5"/7mm Cased...........................................................9
WD Blue 3D NAND SATA SSD M.2 2280.........................................................................9
_________
5 Power Characteristics..................................................................................10
Supply Voltage............................................................................................................... 10
Average Active Power Consumption........................................................................... 10
Average Maximum Operating Power Consumption.................................................... 11
Peak Power and Maximum Current Consumption........................................................11
Maximum In-Rush Current Power Consumption..........................................................12
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Low Power Consumption Modes..................................................................................12
Power Mode Transition Times.......................................................................................13
Graceful Power-off Requirements.................................................................................13
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6 Thermal Throttling........................................................................................14
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7 Endurance..................................................................................................... 15
_________
8 Field Firmware Update (FFU)...................................................................... 16
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9 Physical Specifications.................................................................................17
SATA 2.5"/7mm Cased Form Factor.............................................................................17
M.2 2280 Form Factor.................................................................................................... 18
_________
10 Environmental Specifications................................................................... 20
Temperature...................................................................................................................20
Humidity......................................................................................................................... 20
Vibration.........................................................................................................................20
Shock.............................................................................................................................. 20
Altitude............................................................................................................................21
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)........................................................................................21
Acoustics.........................................................................................................................21
EMI/RFI Compliance.......................................................................................................21
Chemical Restrictions.................................................................................................... 21
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11 Regulatory Standards and Compliance....................................................22
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12 Windows Device Certifications................................................................ 24
HCK Certification........................................................................................................... 24
HLK Certification............................................................................................................24
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13 Reliability Characteristics..........................................................................25
Uncorrectable Bit Error Rate (UBER)............................................................................25
Mean Time to Failure (MTTF).........................................................................................25
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14 Interface......................................................................................................26
Supported Standards.....................................................................................................26
SATA Pin Assignments: Signal.......................................................................................26
SATA Pin Assignments: Power......................................................................................26
M.2 Pin Assignments...................................................................................................... 27
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15 Supported ATA Commands......................................................................30
Command Set................................................................................................................ 30
Identify Device Data...................................................................................................... 34
Log Pages....................................................................................................................... 38
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16 Ordering Information................................................................................. 39
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1
Preface
Typographical Conventions Used
The following typographical conventions are used in this manual:
▪
Italics
– Used to indicate a technically defined term or state.
▪ Constant width – Used to show a literal technical command or response.
Glossary of Abbreviations and Acronyms
Preface
DEVSLP
DIPM Device Initiated Power Management
ESD Electrostatic Discharge
FFU Field Firmware Update
HIPM Host Initiated Power Management
IOPS Input/Output Operations Per Second
LBA Logical Block Addressing
LDPC Low-density Parity-check
MTTF Mean Time to Failure
NGFF Next Generation Form Factor
SLC Single Level Cell
SMART Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting
SSD Solid State Drive
TBW Terabytes Written
TLC Triple Level Cell
Device Sleep
Technology
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Introduction
Introduction
This product manual describes the functional, mechanical, and interface
specifications for the WD Blue™ 3D NAND SATA SSD (solid-state drive).
General Description
The WD Blue 3D NAND SATA SSD delivers high performance and reliability with low
power consumption in large capacities. It is based on state-of-the-art BiCS3 64L
TLC (triple level cell) flash technology and incorporates the proven tiered caching
architecture designed to improve responsiveness for corporate and consumer
workloads.
The WD Blue 3D NAND SATA SSD is optimized for the demanding power
management requirements of Ultrathin and small form factor products. It features
Device Sleep (DEVSLP), more frequent use of low-power modes, and fast transitions
between various power modes.
The WD Blue 3D NAND SATA SSD also features a robust error-handling mechanism
technology which uses a page-level striping with distributed parity for an added
layer of data protection. This mechanism thus recovers errors, without interrupting
user data
Available in either a SATA 2.5”/7mm cased or an M.2 2280 form factor, the WD Blue
3D NAND SATA SSD offers drive capacities of 250 gigabyte1 (GB), 500GB, 1
terabyte2 (TB), and 2TB.
flow that other traditional error correction mechanisms cannot.
Key Features
▪ Flash Technology
◦ BiCS3 64L 3D TLC
▪ Unformatted Capacities
◦ 250GB
◦ 500GB
◦ 1TB
◦ 2TB
▪ Form Factors
◦ SATA 2.5”/7mm cased: complies with SFF-8223 and SFF-8201
◦ M.2 2280-S2-B-M4: complies with PCI Express M.2 (NGFF) Electromechanical
Specification, rev. 1.0
3
1
1 gigabyte (GB) = 1 billion bytes. Some of the drive capacity is used for formatting and
other functions and is not available for data storage.
2
1 terabyte (TB) = 1 trillion bytes. Available in both the 2.5”/7mm cased and M.2 2280
form factors.
3
Logical capacity of the drive conforms to the IDEMA HDD Specification. See
www.idema.org for details. A portion of the drive capacity is not available for data
storage. 1 gigabyte (GB) = 1 billion bytes. 1 terabyte (TB) = 1 trillion bytes.
4
250GB, 500GB, and 1TB comply with 2280-S2-B-M, while 2TB complies with 2280-S3-BM.
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◦ M.2 2280 is single-sided for all capacities
▪ Interface to Host
◦ SATA III 6Gb/s (rev. 3.2) compliant
◦ Backwards compatible with SATA II 3Gb/s and SATA I 1.5Gb/s
◦ ATA 8 command set ACS-4
◦ NCQ support up to queue depth of 32
◦ SMART support
▪ High Performance
5
◦ Sequential read up to: 560 MB/s
◦ Sequential write up to: 530 MB/s
◦ 4K random read up to: 95,000 IOPS
◦ 4K random write up to: 84,000 IOPS
▪ Low Power Consumption
6
◦ Maximum active power: less than or equal to 7,900mW
◦ Average power: 60mW
◦ Slumber low-power mode: 49.9mW - 56.5mW
◦ DEVSLP low-power mode: 4.9mW - 11.9mW
▪ Endurance
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Introduction
◦ Up to 500 TBW
▪ Advanced Flash Management
◦ Tiered caching architecture
◦ Error-management system
◦ TRIM command support
◦ Dynamic and static wear leveling
◦ Bad block management
◦ Background garbage collection
▪ Dynamic Thermal Throttling
◦ Performance may be throttled in order to avoid cases where the temperature
exceeds the product allowable temperature envelope
◦ Three modes dependent on thermal conditions
▪ High Reliability
◦ Mean time to failure (MTTF): Up to 1,752,000 hours
◦ Uncorrectable bit error rate (UBER): 1 bit per 1016 bits read
◦ Operational and non-operational shock: 1,500G, 0.5ms half sine
◦ Operational vibration: 5gRMS,
10–2000 Hz
◦ Non-operational vibration: 4.9gRMS, 7–800 Hz
◦ Operational temperature8: 0˚C to 70˚C (32˚F to 158˚F)
◦ Non-operational temperature and storage
8,9
: -55˚C to +85˚C (-67˚F to 185˚F)
5
Performance measured for 500GB product, using CrystalDiskMark (1000MB LBA range)
on SATA 6Gb/s host.
6
Power measured (all capacities) via MobileMark™ 2014 @ 3.3V on SATA 6Gb/s host
(drive configured, DIPM enabled, HIPM disabled)
7
2TB capacity using JEDEC client workload (JESD219).
8
Operational temperature is defined as ambient temperature around the SSD. It is not
measured from the on-board temperature sensor. It is important to note that on-board
temperature sensor readings are expected to be higher than ambient temperature
when the SSD is placed inside a system.
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Functional Description
The WD Blue 3D NAND SATA SSD supports the following features:
▪ Support for multi-stream – improves user experience in multitasking systems
▪ Support for TRIM command – sustains drive’s high performance over time
▪ Minimal write amplification – increases endurance and performance
▪ Tiered caching, including use of allocated SLC blocks
▪ Support for ATA register and command set (ATA-8/ACS-4 standard)
▪ SMART feature support
▪ Error recovery using Error Correction Code (ECC)
▪ Self-management of NAND memory defects
▪ Advanced power management for low-power operation, including DEVSLP
capability
▪ Error-management system - provides a last line of data protection
▪ Dynamic and static wear leveling to extend the life of the WD Blue 3D NAND
SATA SSD
Introduction
Advanced Flash Management
Defect and Error Management
The WD Blue 3D NAND SATA SSD contains an enhanced defect and error
management system that is similar to systems found in hard disk drives (HDDs). If
necessary, the device will rewrite data from a defective block to a good block. This
action is completely transparent to the host and does not consume any user data
space.
The WD Blue 3D NAND SATA SSD soft error rate
specification. In the rare case when a read error occurs, the drive uses Error
Detection Code (EDC) and Error Correction Code (ECC) algorithms to recover the
data. These defect and error management systems give it unparalleled reliability.
The WD Blue 3D NAND SATA SSD also includes a robust error handling mechanism
which can recover errors that other traditional error correction mechanisms cannot.
This mechanism can leverage a hardware XOR core to calculate the extra parity
the-fly with minimal impact in performance.
Wear Leveling
Wear leveling is an intrinsic part of the erase pooling functionality. NAND-based
SSDs use dynamic and static wear leveling and automatic block management to
ensure an even distribution of write/erase cycles throughout the entire device.
These processes guarantee high data reliability and maximize
Wear leveling is done between all TLC blocks and separately between all SLC
blocks.
specification is superior to the HDD
on-
flash life expectancy.
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Non-operational storage temperature does not guarantee data retention.
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Bad Block Management
Bad blocks are occasionally created during the life cycle of a flash component.
These bad blocks must be marked and replaced dynamically in order to prevent
read/write failures. When a bad block is detected, the embedded Bad Block
Mapping algorithm removes the block from future use.
Background Garbage Collection
The flash management firmware will perform internal housekeeping activities, such
consolidating and
data in the TLC array or SLC array. These activities are performed in the background
and are transparent to the host, thus improving performance while providing a
seamless user experience.
flushing the SLC blocks to the TLC storage or reorganizing the
Tiered Caching
The WD Blue 3D NAND SATA SSD uses a tiered caching structure to improve write
performance and endurance.
Introduction
Modern operating systems typically access the storage device using small access
blocks; the majority of these being 4KB. These access blocks are incongruent with
the physical block size (less than 1MB) of the newer generation of
technology, and writing directly to the TLC array is also slower than writing to SLC
blocks. To overcome these hurdles, the WD Blue 3D NAND SATA SSD employs three
storage layers:
▪ Volatile cache — DDR DRAM cache
▪ Tiered Caching structure — A non-volatile
▪ Mass storage — TLC NAND
The tiered caching structure is a pool of X1 blocks which are used as write cache to
accumulate and consolidate all writes at high speed. It works in the background,
then flushes them into the larger X3 storage blocks and uses optimized write
transaction sizes to maximize endurance.
All host data is written to X1 blocks to achieve the highest performance. Three X1
blocks are copied sequentially into one X3 block during the
when exceeding their threshold.
flash
flash write cache
flash memory
flush to mass storage
Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC)
An enhancement introduced with the WD Blue 3D NAND SATA SSD is the lowdensity parity-check (LDPC) error correction code (ECC) technology. LDPC
significantly improves reliability over the previous generation of BCH code,
supports progressive levels of error correction, and runs on-the-fly using a
dedicated hardware core to minimize latency and impact on overall drive
performance. Consequently, it uses less power than deeper dynamic read retries.
Advanced Power Management
The WD Blue 3D NAND SATA SSD includes an advanced power management
system that supports Device Initiated Power Management (DIPM). Host Initiated
Power Management (HIPM) has been disabled in the WD Blue 3D NAND SATA SSD.
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The device can enter in to the SATA Partial and Slumber low-power modes through
DIPM. In DIPM, the device sends a request to the host to enter into Slumber mode
upon completion of any command.
The device also supports the SATA Device Sleep (DEVSLP) mode. For more
information, refer to the SATA revision 3.2 specification available at www.t13.org
Introduction
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General Product Specifications
General Product Specifications
Interface
The device interface complies with the Serial ATA standard published by ANSI. It
complies with the SATA 6Gb/s (rev. 3.2)
Command Set ACS-4. It is also backwards compatible with SATA 3Gb/s (rev. 2.0)
and SATA 1.5Gb/s (rev. 1.0).
For more information, refer to the American National Standard X3.221: AT
Attachment for Interface for Disk Drives document. Order this document from IHS
by calling
1–800–854–7179 or by accessing their web site: http://global.ihs.com
Hardware Configuration
specification and supports ATA-8
The following table provides the basic hardware configuration values for the WD
Blue 3D NAND SATA SSD.
Form Factor
2.5"/7mm cased BiCS3 64L eX3 250GB 4 x 2D BGA
2.5"/7mm cased BiCS3 64L eX3 500GB 4 x 4D BGA
2.5"/7mm cased BiCS3 64L eX3 1TB 8 x 4D BGA
2.5"/7mm cased BiCS3 64L eX3 2TB 8 x 8D BGA
M.2–2280 S2 BiCS3 64L eX3 250GB 4 x 2D BGA
M.2–2280 S2 BiCS3 64L eX3 500GB 4 x 4D BGA
M.2–2280 S2 BiCS3 64L eX3 1TB 4 x 8D BGA
M.2–2280 S3 BiCS3 64L eX3 2TB
NAND Capacity Memory
10
4 x 16D BGA
Storage Capacity
The following table provides the storage capacities for the WD Blue 3D NAND SATA
SSD 2.5”/7mm cased and M.2 2280 form factors.
Unformatted
Capacity
11
Sectors in LBA
12
Mode
Logical Cylinders Number of Logical
Heads
Logical Sectors
per Track
250GB 488,397,168 16,383 16 63
500GB 976,773,168 16,383 16 63
1TB 1,953,525,168 16,383 16 63
10
2TB (16D) height is up to 1.5mm in soldered state
11
A portion of the drive capacity used for formatting and other functions is not available for
data storage.
12
1 Sector = 512 bytes. LBA count based on IDEMA standard.
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General Product Specifications
Unformatted
Capacity
11
Sectors in LBA
12
Mode
Logical Cylinders Number of Logical
Heads
Logical Sectors
per Track
2TB 3,907,029,168 16,383 16 63
11
A portion of the drive capacity used for formatting and other functions is not available for
data storage.
12
1 Sector = 512 bytes. LBA count based on IDEMA standard.
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Performance
Performance
WD Blue 3D NAND SATA SSD 2.5"/7mm Cased
Parameter Unit Queue
Depth
Sequential
Read13 up to:
Sequential
Write13 up
to:
Random
Read [4KB]
up to:
Random
Read [4KB]
up to:
Random
Write
[4KB]13 up
to:
Random
Write
[4KB]13 up
to:
MB/s 32 550 560 560 560
MB/s 32 525 530 530 530
IOPS 1 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000
13
IOPS 32 95,000 95,000 95,000 95,000
13
IOPS 1 32,000 32,000 32,000 32,000
IOPS 32 81,000 84,000 84,000 84,000
250GB 500GB 1TB 2TB
OFF to ON
Resume
14
Time
ms N/A 100 100 100 100
WD Blue 3D NAND SATA SSD M.2 2280
Performance values for the WD Blue 3D NAND SATA SSD M.2 2280 form factor are
identical to the performance values for the WD Blue 3D NAND SATA SSD 2.5"/7mm
cased form factor.
13
Measured using CrystalDiskMark, 1000MB LBA range, on Desktop with Intel Z77 chipset,
Windows 8 with Intel iRST version 11.7.0.1013, secondary drive.
14
OFF to ON resume time assumes graceful shutdown. Resume time is measured from
when power is applied to the time when the device is able to complete a host
command, e.g., a 4KB read.
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