Watlow LogicPro User Manual

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LogicPro

User’s Guide

Watlow Anafaz

314 Westridge Drive Watsonville, CA 95076

Phone: (831) 724-3800

Fax: (831) 724-0320

Part No. 28002-00. Revision 3.00

September 2000

Information in this manual is subject to change without notice. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form without written permission from Watlow Anafaze.

Anafaze developed package includes licensed proprietary material of Intellution, Inc. © Intellution, Inc. 1996.

Warranty

Watlow Anafaze, Incorporated warrants that the products furnished under this Agreement will be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of three years from the date of shipment. The Customer shall provide notice of any defect to Watlow Anafaze, Incorporated within one week after the Customer's discovery of such defect. The sole obligation and liability of Watlow Anafaze, Incorporated under this warranty shall be to repair or replace, at its option and without cost to the Customer, the defective product or part.

Upon request by Watlow Anafaze, Incorporated, the product or part claimed to be defective shall immediately be returned at the Customer's expense to Watlow Anafaze, Incorporated. Replaced or repaired products or parts will be shipped to the Customer at the expense of Watlow Anafaze, Incorporated.

There shall be no warranty or liability for any products or parts that have been subject to misuse, accident, negligence, failure of electric power or modiﬁcation by the Customer without the written approval of Watlow Anafaze, Incorporated. Final determination of warranty eligibility shall be made by Watlow Anafaze, Incorporated. If a warranty claim is considered invalid for any reason, the Customer will be charged for services performed and expenses incurred by Watlow Anafaze, Incorporated in handling and shipping the returned unit.

If replacement parts are supplied or repairs made during the original warranty period, the warranty period for the replacement or repaired part shall terminate with the termination of the warranty period of the original product or part.

The foregoing warranty constitutes the sole liability of Watlow Anafaze, Incorporated and the Customer's sole remedy with respect to the products. It is in lieu of all other warranties, liabilities, and remedies. Except as thus provided, Watlow Anafaze, Inc. disclaims all warranties, express or implied, including any warranty of merchantability or ﬁtness for a particular purpose.

Please Note

: External safety devices must be used with this equipment.

List of Figures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XI

List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .XV

1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

This Manual. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Where Do I Look?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Conventions Used. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Safety symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2 LogicPro Workplace. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Menu Bar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

File Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Edit Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

View Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Tools Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

UDFB (User Defined Function Block) Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Execution Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Simulation Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Options Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Windows Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Help Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Status Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Toolbars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Standard Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Language Toolbars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Using Standard Windows Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

SFC Actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Ladder Rungs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Standard Text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

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3 Projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Creating a Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Opening a Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Copying Projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Backing Up a Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Closing a Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Deleting a Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

4 Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

Creating a Resource . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Editing a Resource . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Copying Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Resource Backup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Deleting a Resource . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Opening a Resource . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

5 Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Creating a New Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Opening a Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Saving a Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Closing a Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Copying Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Saving a Program with a New Name (Save As) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45

Backing Up a Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Deleting a Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

6 Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49

Naming Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Retentive Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

System Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Project Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Adding a Project Variable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Editing a Project Variable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Deleting a Project Variable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Cloning a Project Variable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Resource Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Adding a Resource/Program Variable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Editing a Resource/Program Variable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Deleting Resource/Program Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Cloning a Resource or Program Variable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Program Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Finding and Replacing a Variable In a Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Using the Find Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Using the Replace Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Import/Export . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Importing an ASCII file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Verifying the Import Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Creating or Editing an ASCII file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Exporting an ASCII file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Verifying the Export Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

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7 Sequential Function Charts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

About SFC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Using SFCs in LogicPro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

SFC Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Origin Step . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Step . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Simultaneous Transition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Loop Back . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Cross Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

8 Ladder Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Ladder Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Selector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Normally Open Contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Normally Closed Contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Off To On Transitional Contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

On To Off Transitional Contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Normal Coil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Latched Coil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Unlatched Coil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

Cross Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Viewing the Grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Creating and Editing Ladder Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Inserting Rungs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Inserting Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Inserting Function Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

Connecting Function Blocks to Other Ladder Elements . . . . . . . . 90

Inserting Parallel (Or) Branches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

Inserting Multiple Output Coil branches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Inserting Elements From the Left Power Rail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Cutting Rungs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

Copying Rungs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Pasting Rungs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Deleting Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

Moving Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

Assigning Labels to Rungs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

Assigning Variable Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

Naming and Assigning Variables to Function Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

Adding Comments to Ladder Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

Hiding Rung Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

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9 Function Block Diagrams. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105

FBD Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

Selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Straight Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106

Inverted Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Function Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Cross Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Creating an FBD Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Inserting Function Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

Inserting Variable Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Connecting Inputs and Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Assigning Variables to Variable Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

Assigning Names and Execution Orders to

Function Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

Cutting, Copying, Pasting, and Deleting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

10 Function Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115

Standard Function Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Timing and Counting Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Counter Up (CTU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

Counter Down (CTD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Counter Up Down (CTUD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

Timer Pulse (TP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Timer On-Delay (TON) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

Timer Off-Delay (TOF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

Comparison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

Greater Than (GT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

Less Than (LT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

Equal To (EQ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

Arithmetic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

Add (ADD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

Subtract (SUB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Multiply (MULT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

Divide (DIV) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Data Manipulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

First In - First Out (FIFO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

Last In - First Out (LIFO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

Bit Shift (SL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

Scan Time Counter (SCAN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

Move (MOVE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

Scale (SCL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

Real Number Function Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145

Real Greater Than (RGT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145

Real Less Than (RLT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

Real Equal To (REQ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

Real Add (RADD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148

Real Subtract (RSUB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

Real Multiply (RMUL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

Real Divide (RDIV) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152

Real Move (RMOV) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

Integer To Real (ITOR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

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Real to Integer (RTOI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

Square Root (SRT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

Logical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

Logical And (AND) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

Logical Or (OR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

Vendor Provided Function Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

Comparison (CMP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

Calculation (CALC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159

Jump (JMP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

InterLock (IL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

InterLock-Clear (ILC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

Rotation (RROT/LROT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

Shift (RSFT/LSFT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

Negation (NEG) 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

11 User Defined Function Blocks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

Defining a New or Editing an Existing UDFB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168

In’s, Out's and Internals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169

UDFB Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172

Compiling and Building a Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174

UDFB in Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175

Working with UDFB Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177

Editing UDFB Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177

Opening UDFB Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177

Closing UDFB Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177

Saving UDFB Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178

Deleting UDFBs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178

UDFB Tutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179

12 Input/Output Drivers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185

Variable Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186

Input/Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

IO Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

PPC-2000 IO Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188

IO Driver Choice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188

IO Physical Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188

Using the IO Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192

CPC400 IO Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

IO Driver Choice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

IO Physical Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

Using the IO Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210

13 Compiler Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221

Setting up the Compiler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221

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14 Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .225

Building a Program for Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226

Using the Simulation Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

Simulation Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228

Timer Ticks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229

Increment Simulation Timer Ticks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230

Scan Simulation Logic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230

Number of Scan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230

Resetting the Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231

Change Simulation Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231

Change Simulation Constants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232

Viewing Individual Steps and Actions within a Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . 233

Closing the Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233

15 Downloading and Monitoring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .235

Executable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235

Downloading to a controller through an RS-232 Port . . . . . . . . . . 235

Monitoring a Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237

Monitoring Sequential Function Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239

Monitoring Ladder Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239

Monitoring Function Block Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240

Forcing I/O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240

Variable Watch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241

Configuring Variable Watch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242

Selecting and Viewing Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .242

Changing the Value of a Variable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243

Forcing Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243

Watch Grid View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244

On-Line Constant Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246

16 Cross-Referencing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .249

Using Cross-Referencing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249

SFC On-line Cross-Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249

Ladder On-line Cross-Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250

Function Block Diagram On-line Cross-Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . 251

Cross-Reference Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251

Output Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253

Report Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254

Variables Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .255

Ladder Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255

SFC Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256

FBD Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257

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17 Dynamic Data Exchange . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259

How to Access a Remote Item . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259

Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260

Starting the LogicPro DDE Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260

Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260

Creating the Application FPR File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261

Topics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262

Creating A New Topic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262

Open a Topic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263

Close a Topic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263

Modify a Topic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263

Delete a Topic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263

Item Point Naming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264

Finding The Available Item Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264

Excel Spreadsheet DDE Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264

Setting Up Excel to Read . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269

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List of Figures

1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

2 LogicPro Workplace. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Figure 2.1—The LogicPro Workplace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Figure 2.2—Two Views of the LogicPro Standard toolbar, showing

various active buttons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

3 Projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Figure 3.1—Projects Hierarchy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Figure 3.2—New Project Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Figure 3.3—Open Project Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Figure 3.4—Rebuild Project List Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Figure 3.5—Copy Project Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Figure 3.6—Delete Project Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

4 Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Figure 4.1—New Resource Dialog Box. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Figure 4.2—PPC-2000 Attributes Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Figure 4.3—Edit Resource Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Figure 4.4—Copy Resource Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Figure 4.5—Delete Resource Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Figure 4.6—Open Resource Dialog Box. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

5 Programs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Figure 5.1—New Program Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Figure 5.2—Open Program Dialog Box. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Figure 5.3—Verify Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Figure 5.4—Copy Program Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Figure 5.5—Delete Program Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

6 Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Figure 6.1—Project Variables Dialog Box. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Figure 6.2—Add Project Variable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Figure 6.3—Edit Project Variable Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Figure 6.4—Resource Variable Dialog Box. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Figure 6.5—Program Variable Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

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Figure 6.6—Add Resource Variable Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58

Figure 6.7—Program Variables Dialog Box. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62

Figure 6.8—Find Variable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63

7 Sequential Function Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71

Figure 7.1—Simultaneous Transition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74

Figure 7.2—Parallel and / or Single Transitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75

Figure 7.3—Simultaneous Transition Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75

8 Ladder Diagrams. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81

Figure 8.1—Element without Handles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83

Figure 8.2—Selected Element with Handles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83

Figure 8.3—Rungs with Multiple Branches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88

Figure 8.4—Function Block Dialog Box. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89

Figure 8.5—Rung Before Adding a Function Block. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90

Figure 8.6—Rung With a Function Block Added . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90

Figure 8.7—Ladder Diagram Before Elements Are Added to Function Block. . . . . . . .91

Figure 8.8—Ladder Diagram After Elements Are Added to Function Block . . . . . . . . .91

Figure 8.9—Inserting an Input Element on a Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92

Figure 8.10—Element Inserted Between Left Power Rail and Second Input Bit. . . . . .92

Figure 8.11—Connecting an Element to a Function Block’s Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93

Figure 8.12—Function Block After Connecting Output Element . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93

Figure 8.13—Adding the Parallel Branch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94

Figure 8.14—After Adding the Parallel Branch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94

Figure 8.15—Adding Another Branch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95

Figure 8.16—Branch Added . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95

Figure 8.17—Creating a New Parallel Branch from the Left Power Rail . . . . . . . . . . .96

Figure 8.18—After Creating a New Parallel Branch from the Left Power Rail. . . . . . . .96

Figure 8.19—Before Creating Multiple Output Coil Branches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97

Figure 8.20—After Creating Multiple Output Coil Branches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Figure 8.21—Multiple Output Coil Branches

after the Top Coil is Removed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97

Figure 8.22—Adding an Extension from the Left Power Rail. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

Figure 8.23—After Adding an Extension from the Left Power Rail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98

Figure 8.24—Variables Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101

Figure 8.25—Assign Function Block Symbolic Input/Output Dialog Box. . . . . . . . . . .103

Figure 8.26—Symbolic Name on Function Block in a Ladder Diagram Program . . . .103

Figure 8.27—Rung Comment Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104

9 Function Block Diagrams. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105

Figure 9.1—Function Block Dialog Box. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108

Figure 9.2—Placed Function Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109

Figure 9.3—Symbolic Name on Function Block in a FBD program . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110

Figure 9.4—Assign Name to Function Block Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111

Figure 9.5—Execution Order in FBD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112

Figure 9.6—Function Blocks in FBD with Handles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113

Figure 9.7—Pasted Function Block in FBD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113

Figure 9.8—Function Block Before Deletion, With Handles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114

Figure 9.9—Function Block After Deletion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114

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10 Function Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Figure 10.1—Counter Up Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

Figure 10.2—Assign Function Block Symbolic Input/Output Dialog Box. . . . . . . . . . . 117

Figure 10.3—Counter Down Function Block. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Figure 10.4—Counter Up Down Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

Figure 10.5—Timer Pulse Function Block. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Figure 10.6—Relationship between the Input and Output of TP Function Block . . . .123

Figure 10.7—Timer On-Delay Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

Figure 10.8—Relationship Between Inputs and Outputs of TON Function Block . . . .124

Figure 10.9—Timer Off-Delay Function Block. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

Figure 10.10—Relationship Between Inputs and Outputs of TOF Function Block . . . 126

Figure 10.11—Greater Than Function Block. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

Figure 10.12—Less Than Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128

Figure 10.13—Equal To Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

Figure 10.14—ADD Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

Figure 10.15—Subtract Function Block. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Figure 10.16—Multiply Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

Figure 10.17—Divide Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134

Figure 10.18—First In - First Out Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

Figure 10.19—Last In - First Out Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

Figure 10.20—Bit Shift Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

Figure 10.21—Example of How Bits Shift Through the SL Function Block. . . . . . . . . 141

Figure 10.22—Scan Time Counter Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

Figure 10.23— Move Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

Figure 10.24— Scale Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

Figure 10.25—ROUT as a function of INP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145

Figure 10.26— Real Greater Than Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

Figure 10.27— Real Less Than Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

Figure 10.28— Real Equal To Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148

Figure 10.29— Real Add Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

Figure 10.30— Real Subtract Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150

Figure 10.31— Real Multiply Function Block. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

Figure 10.32— Real Divide Function Block. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152

Figure 10.33— Real Move Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

Figure 10.34— Integer to Real Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

Figure 10.35— Real to Integer Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

Figure 10.36— Square Root Function Block. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156

Figure 10.37— The Logical AND Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

Figure 10.38— The Logical OR Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

Figure 10.39—Vendor Provided Function Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

Figure 10.40— The Comparison Function Block. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159

Figure 10.41— The Calculation Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160

Figure 10.42— The Jump Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

Figure 10.43— The InterLock Function Block. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

Figure 10.44— The InterLock Clear Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

Figure 10.45— The Right and Left Rotation Function Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163

Figure 10.46— The Right and Left Shift Function Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

Figure 10.47— The Negation Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

11 User Defined Function Blocks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

Figure 11.1—New UDFB Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169

Figure 11.2—Add Symbol Definition Dialog Box. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171

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Figure 11.3—Edit Symbol Definition Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .171

Figure 11.4—Build UDFB Library for Execution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .174

Figure 11.5—Build UDFB Library for Simulation Dialog Box. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .176

Figure 11.6—Open User Defined Function Block Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177

Figure 11.7—Delete User Defined Function Block Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178

Figure 11.8—ADD1 Function Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .180

12 Input/Output Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .185

13 Compiler Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .221

Figure 13.1—Simulation Compiler. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .221

Figure 13.2—Compiler Paths. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .222

Figure 13.3—Select Borland Compiler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .222

14 Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .225

Figure 14.1—Compiler Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .227

Figure 14.2—Borland C++ Compiler DOS window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .227

Figure 14.3—Simulation Setup Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .229

Figure 14.4—Change Variables Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .231

Figure 14.5—On-Line Function Block Constant Change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .232

15 Downloading and Monitoring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .235

Figure 15.1—Downloading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .237

Figure 15.2—LogicPro Monitoring Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .238

Figure 15.3—Active Step in an SFC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .239

Figure 15.4—Monitoring Ladder Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .240

Figure 15.5—Force - Clear IO Dialog Box. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .241

Figure 15.6—The Watch Grid in the Variable Watch Window. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .245

Figure 15.7—On-Line Function Block Variables Change Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . .247

16 Cross-Referencing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .249

Figure 16.1—The Cross-Reference Pointer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .250

Figure 16.2—Print Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .253

Figure 16.3—Report Setup Dialog Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .254

Figure 16.4—Variable Setup Dialog Box. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .255

Figure 16.5—Ladder Setup Dialog Box. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .256

Figure 16.6—SFC Setup Dialog Box. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .256

Figure 16.7—FBD Setup Dialog Box. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .257

17 Dynamic Data Exchange. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .259

Figure 17.1—Example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .265

Figure 17.2—Spreadsheet Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .266

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List of Tables

1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Table 1.1—Chapter Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Table 1.2—Conventions Used. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2 LogicPro Workplace. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Table 2.1—The File Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Table 2.2—The Edit Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Table 2.3—The View Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Table 2.4—The Tools Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Table 2.5—The UDFB Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Table 2.6—The Execution Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Table 2.7—The Simulation Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Table 2.8—The Options Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Table 2.9—The Windows Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Table 2.10—Levels of Help. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Table 2.11—Help Menu Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Table 2.12—Toolbar Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Table 2.13—The SFC Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Table 2.14—The Ladder Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Table 2.15—The FBD Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

3 Projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

4 Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

5 Programs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

6 Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Table 6.1—File Format Specification of Import/Export . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Table 6.2—Selected Explanations of the Example Import/Export File . . . 69

7 Sequential Function Charts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Table 7.1—The SFC Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Table 7.2—Transition Condition Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

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8 Ladder Diagrams. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81

Table 8.1—Ladder Diagrams Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

9 Function Block Diagrams. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105

Table 9.1—FBD Toolbar Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

10 Function Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115

Table 10.1—Symbol Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160

11 User Defined Function Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .167

12 Input/Output Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .185

Table 12.1—Variable Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186

Table 12.2—Input and Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

Table 12.3—

Table 12.4—Data Accessed by the IO Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188

Table 12.5—Categories of IO Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189

Table 12.6—Address Syntax for Module Specific Drivers. . . . . . . . . . . . 189

Table 12.7—I/O Type Digit in IO Physical Address. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190

Table 12.8—Addresses Used with Parameter Specific IO Drives. . . . . .190

Table 12.9—Address Syntax for Database Driver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191

Table 12.10—Data Accessed by the IO Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

Table 12.11—Categories of IO Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

Table 12.12—Addresses Used for Hardware Specific Drivers . . . . . . . .209

Table 12.13—Addresses Used with Parameter Specific IO Drivers . . . . 209

Table 12.14—Address Syntax for Database Driver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210

IO Sizes Used with IO Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

13 Compiler Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .221

14 Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .225

Table 14.1—Simulation Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228

15 Downloading and Monitoring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .235

Table 15.1—The Columns in the Watch Grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245

16 Cross-Referencing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .249

17 Dynamic Data Exchange. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259

XVI Watlow Anafaze Doc.# 28002-00 Rev 3.00

Introduction

This Manual

Where Do I Look?

Welcome to programming environment that allows you to create and debug programs, and manage real-time distributed or embedded control systems. graphically write a “C” program without knowing the language.

LogicPro

programming languages like These languages have evolved into proven, effective solutions for automation and control projects.

If it relates to these covers with few exceptions.

Take some time familiarizing yourself with the layout and design of this manual. Refer to complete listing of the section numbers and titles along with a general overview of what you can expect to find in each chapter.

LogicPro

use the familiar conventions of typical graphical

LogicPro

, a Microsoft Windows based graphical

LogicPro

Grafcet, Ladder Logic,

, you should be able to find it between

allows you to

Table 1.1 on page 2

etc.

for a

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Chapter 1: Introduction LogicPro User’s Guide

Table 1.1 Chapter Descriptions

Chapter Title Description

1 Introduction

3 Projects

4 Resources

5 Programs

6 Variables

The LogicPro Workplace

Sequential Function Charts

Introduction and general information.

The LogicPro Workplace and screen layout.

Creating, using, and changing LogicPro Projects.

Creating, using, and changing LogicPro Resources.

Creating, using, and changing LogicPro Programs within a resource.

Creating, using, and changing LogicPro Variables within projects, resources, and programs.

Explanation of the tools available for programming in the SFC (Sequential Function Chart) language in LogicPro .

8 Ladder Diagrams

10 Function Blocks

Function Block Diagrams

Explanation of the tools available for programming in the Ladder Diagram (LD) language in

LogicPro .

Explanation of the tools available for programming in the FBD (Function Block Diagram) language in LogicPro .

Information on Standard IEC 1131-3 and Vendor provided function blocks: speciﬁc information on many of the most common function blocks, how to use function blocks in your programs, and where to look for more information.

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LogicPro User’s Guide Chapter 1: Introduction

Chapter Title Description

12 I/O Drivers

13 Compilers

14 Simulation

16 Cross-Referencing

User Deﬁned Function Blocks

Downloading and Monitoring

Dynamic Data Exchange

Information about creating and using User Deﬁned Function Blocks.

Information on input/output drivers, examples, and where to look for more information.

Information about using the Borland C++ compiler.

Information on the simulator function of LogicPro , speciﬁcally, how to use it.

How to download a program to your hardware and monitor it once it’s been downloaded.

How to use the CrossReferencing functions of

LogicPro .

Using DDE for accessing and editing LogicPro data.

Conventions Used

Deﬁnitions of the terms,

Glossary

Index

acronyms, and expressions used in this manual.

Where to ﬁnd the information you’re looking for.

To help improve the readability of this manual we use different fonts and styles to identify specific actions you will initiate in the program.

Table 1.2 on page 4 lists the conventions used as well as a

brief description of each.

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Chapter 1: Introduction LogicPro User’s Guide

Table 1.2 Conventions Used

Convention Explanation

Italics

Capitalization

Bold Sans Serif

[Bold San Serif in Square Brackets]

ALL CAPS, SANS SERIF, MONOSPACE

Unbolded, serif, monospace

Unbolded Sans Serif

Indicates references to Chapters,

sections, Figures and Tables .

Indicates the proper name of an element of LogicPro .

Indicates LogicPro menu headings or options.

Indicates the name of a button or tool on the screen.

Indicates a speciﬁc key or combination of keys on your keyboard.

Indicates text as it appears in function blocks in the program editor.

Indicates a ﬁlename or code as it appears in the User-Deﬁned Function Block programming windows , or text as it appears in ASCII ﬁles.

Sample cross-reference print out.

Safety symbols

∫

WARNING!

CAUTION!

NOTE!

These symbols are used throughout this manual:

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury or property damage.

Indicates pertinent information or an item that may be useful to document or label for later reference.

4 Watlow Anafaze Doc.# 28002-00 Rev 3.00

LogicPro Workplace

LogicPro

Interface (GUI) as its operating environment. By using standard Windows, the easily accomplish development tasks in an environment that you are already familiar and comfortable with.

To successfully use Windows. The following sections provide a description of

LogicPro’s

the more common Windows features you will use. For additional information, please refer to your Microsoft Windows documentation.

The Workplace is made up of several different Screen Elements. workspace and identifies the following elements:

• Menu Bar

• Status Bar

• Standard Toolbar

• Language Toolbars

uses the Microsoft Windows’ Graphical User

LogicPro

screen elements, as well as a reference to some of

Figure 2.1 on page 6

environment allows you to

, you should know how to use

illustrates the

LogicPro

Doc.# 28002-00 Rev 3.00 Watlow Anafaze 5

Chapter 2: LogicPro Workplace LogicPro User’s Guide

Menu Bar

Standard Toolbar

Status Bar

Language

Toolbar

Menu Bar

Figure 2.1 The LogicPro Workplace

There are two ways to choose an item from a menu:

• With the mouse, click a menu then click the item. – or –

• Press the menu’s name, and press the underlined letter in the item’s name.

There are ten (10) menus available:

• File

• Edit

• View

• Tools

• UDFB

• Execution

• Simulation

• Options

<ALT>

key, press the underlined letter in the

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LogicPro User’s Guide Chapter 2: LogicPro Workplace

• Windows

• Help

LogicPro enables the appropriate menus. Each of these menus allows control of a specific part of LogicPro.

File Menu

This menu provides easy access to most tools you will need for creating, opening and saving files and printing reports. Additionally, tools for Importing and Exporting variables are available. See Table 2.1 for a detailed listing of menu items.

Table 2.1 The File Menu

Menu Option Description

Creates a new ﬁle type from the menu:

Project…

New

Open

Delete

Save

Save As…

Resource… Program… User Deﬁned Function Block…

Opens a ﬁle type from the menu: Project… Resource… Program… User Deﬁned Function Block…

Closes the chosen type of item: Project… Resource… Program… User Deﬁned Function Block… Simulation Monitoring

Deletes the chosen type of item: Project… Resource… Program… User Deﬁned Function Block…

Saves the program in the active (top) window.

Saves the information in the active window under a different ﬁle name.

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Chapter 2: LogicPro Workplace LogicPro User’s Guide

Menu Option Description

Creates a backup copy of the chosen type of item:

Backup

Import Variable

Export Variable

Report Setup…

Print Setup…

Print…

Exit

Project… Resource… Program…

Reads data from an ASCII, commadelimited ﬁle. Allows you to create and edit resource and program variables externally to LogicPro.

Writes data to an ASCII, commadelimited ﬁle. Allows you to edit resource and program variables external to LogicPro.

Allows you to customize your documentation by specifying what information appears in the printout.

Customize user deﬁned print options: Which printer to print on. Size and orientation of the paper, and

how to print (single-sided or doublesided if your printer can print doublesided).

Printer resolution, intensity, and graphics mode.

The kinds of fonts to use while printing.

Things like print quality and memory tracking for the printer.

Prints selected portion of an open project or program.

Closes all open projects and shuts down LogicPro.

Edit Menu

This menu provides useful tools for managing changes for the data in the active window. See Table 2.2 on page 9 for a detailed listing of menu items.

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LogicPro User’s Guide Chapter 2: LogicPro Workplace

Table 2.2 The Edit Menu

Menu Option

Undo

Cut <Ctrl X>

Copy <Ctrl C>

Paste <Ctrl V>

Find…

Replace…

Description

Note: This option is only available while

editing UDFB C/C++ source (*.c) and header (*.h) ﬁles.

Also, note that the Undo buffer is only one level deep: it only contains the last keystroke . Selecting Undo twice will perform a ‘double-undo’, or redo.

Restores what you are working on to the way it was before your very last action. For example if you overwrite a line of code, this command will remove your edits and restore the line as it was before you began.

Removes the selected objects and places them in a temporary ﬁle. This material remains in the temporary ﬁle until overwritten by subsequent Cut or Copy actions, or until you close LogicPro.

The Cut feature works the same way when working with UDFBs, except that the data is stored on the Windows Clipboard, not the LogicPro temporary ﬁle.

Creates a duplicate of the selected object without removing it (see note below), and places it in a temporary ﬁle. This material remains in the temporary ﬁle until overwritten by subsequent Cut or Copy actions, or until you close

LogicPro.

The Copy feature works the same way when working with UDFBs, except that the data is stored on the Windows Clipboard, not the LogicPro temporary ﬁle.

Places the content of the temporary ﬁle into the active window at the insertion point. If you are pasting in a UBFB, it is the content of the clipboard that is placed in the active window.

Pasting does not clear the temporary ﬁle. The last item placed into it stays there until subsequent Copy or Cut actions, or until you close LogicPro.

Searches the active window for a speciﬁc variable.

Searches the active window for every instance of a speciﬁc value and replaces it with a new, user-deﬁned value.

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Menu Option

Clear Del

Variables

Attributes

Description

Deletes the selected area from the active window. This operation cannot be undone.

Opens a dialog box and allows you to manage the different kinds of variables. Select the variable type from the following list:

Project… Resource… Program…

Changes the attributes of an object within an existing project.

Modiﬁes the different conﬁgurations dependent on your selection from the following submenu:

Resource… Driver… Program… Action… User Defined Function Block…

NOTE! Changes to variables within LogicPro (such as

Add, Edit, or Delete) take place immediately and do not depend on a Program save.

Cut, Copy and Paste functions are available primarily with text and cannot be used with most graphical program objects. To test if an object can be cut, copied or pasted, select it then select the Edit menu item to see if the Cut and Copy selections are available.

You can only paste cut or copied elements or text into a window of the same type. For example, if you copy a rung from a ladder diagram you can only paste it into a ladder diagram. LogicPro disables the paste function if you are in a different language type window.

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View Menu

This menu allows you to customize the appearance of your workspace. See Table 2.3 for a detailed listing of each menu item. An enabled selection is easily identified by a checkmark to the left of a menu item.

Table 2.3 The View Menu

Menu Option Description

Changes the magniﬁcation for the active window from 10% - 200%. This option allows you to view as little or as much of the active window as you

Zoom…

Repaint

Grid

Comments

Monitor Program

Monitor On/Off

Configuration

desire. Zoom settings are only kept while the

window is open. The next time you open the window the zoom setting reverts to the default 100% setting.

Redraws the active window and displays the latest changes recorded in the system.

Superimposes a grid pattern over the workspace as an aid to placing items.

Allows you to toggle ladder rung comments on and off in the active window.

Allows you to see the real-time status of the downloaded PLC program.

Allows you to selectively suspend real-time monitoring messages to a PLC program on a window by windo w basis.

Displays a partial IEC 1131-3 conﬁguration descriptor.

Tools Menu

This menu contains the tools associated with your choice of programming language. Choose your programming language in the first menu item. The other available options are driven by this choice. See Table 2.4 on page 12 for a detailed listing of the languages and their options.

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Table 2.4 The Tools Menu

Menu Option Description

Select the programming language for the active window from the submenu:

SFC - Grafcet Sequential Function Chart language. This is the LogicPro default language for any program window. You may change the defaults

Language

Tools

using the Options menu. LD - Ladder This option selects the

Ladder Diagram language for the active window.

FBD - This option selects the Function Block Diagram language for the active window.

The selected language determines the options for the rest of this menu. The options displayed correspond directly with the tools available from the different Language Toolbars. For more information, please refer to the appropriate section concerning the language you wish information on.

NOTE: Once you select a language and start to build a program, LogicPro prevents you from changing the language as long as any element exists in the window.

UDFB (User Defined Function Block) Menu

This menu gives you control over the various tools available when you’re creating or editing a UDFB. There are compile and build options available for both execution and simulation purposes because each creates its own variant of the UDFB and saves it in the corresponding library. See Table 2.5 on page 13 for a detailed list and explanation of the items on the UDFB menu.

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Table 2.5 The UDFB Menu

Menu Option Description

Compiles and error checks a

Compile for Execution

Build Execution Lib…

Compile for Simulation

Build Simulation Lib…

UDFB in the active window for downloading, using the compiler selected for the particular resource.

Performs the same function as Compile for Execution (above), but also adds the .OBJ ﬁle to the UDFB library for this resource type. You must add a UDFB to the library before you can use it in a program.

Compiles and error checks the UDFB in the active window for

simulation using the Borland C++ compiler.

Performs the same function as Compile for Simulation (above), but also adds the .OBJ ﬁle to the UDFB library for this resource type. You must add a UDFB to the library before you can use it in a program.



Execution Menu

Simulation Menu

This menu contains many useful tools that you will need to compile, link, download, stop, and start a project. See Table 2.6 for a detailed list and explanation of the items on the Execution menu.

Table 2.6 The Execution Menu

Menu Option Description

Build All and Run

Download and Run

Start Executable Terminate Stops the currently running program.

This menu gives you control over all aspects of running a simulation. Refer to Table 2.7 on page 14.

Compiles, downloads and starts the program.

Downloads and starts a previously compiled program.

Starts a previously downloaded program.

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Table 2.7 The Simulation Menu

Menu Option Description

Build All and Run

Simulation Setup…

Simulation Reset

Scan

Increment Timer

Change Variable…

Compiles and links a program for simulation and runs the simulation.

Opens the Simulation Setup dialog box, allowing you to set the number of milliseconds that elapse per scan, as well as establishing the number of logic scans per simulation scan.

Resets all variables and the program state back to their original values.

Executes a single scan of the simulation based on the simulation setup criteria. This feature is only available if you are not in the continuous scan mode.

Advances the timer by the number of “ticks” deﬁned in the Simulation Setup dialog box.

Opens the Change Variables dialog box, allowing you to change the v alue of any variable in the program for simulation purposes.

Options Menu

This menu allows you to customize the LogicPro development environment. To activate an option, select the menu item. A check mark appearing to the left of an item indicates the option is active. If there is no check mark, the option is inactive. See Table 2.8.

Table 2.8 The Options Menu

Menu Option Description

Resource Compiler Selection

Allows you to establish a path to the directory containing the compiler, linker, includes, etc.

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Menu Option Description

Customize the application workspace using the following submenu:

Display Grid by Default - Toggles the default setting for displa y grid between either on or off. The grid can also be turned on or off independently on a window-by-window basis on the View menu.

Display Comments by Default - Tog-

Program Window

Variable

AutoSave

FastLink Config

Fording Options

gles the default setting for display comments between either on or off. Comments can also be turned on or off independently on a window-by-window basis on the View menu.

Default Language - Selects the default language for ne w prog ram windows. The options are:

SFC (default language) Ladder FBD

Customize how variables are handled.

Confirm Deletion - If selected, Log- icPro prompts you to conﬁrm your

intention to make a deletion. Confirm Edit Change - If selected,

LogicPro prompts you to conﬁrm your intention to save a change.

Auto SFC Operator - If selected, the operator dialog box opens automatically if you attempt to build a transition expression.

Allows you to toggle the AutoSave feature (on and off) and set the save interval (from 5 to 120 minutes).

Establishes a connection between FastLink, the LogicPro data API and a single LogicPro project. This allows you to browse for the .FLK ﬁle-path establishing Access Time, Poll Rate and Message Time Out.

When monitoring a program, items on this menu allow you to enable, disable, or clear fording of v ariables. See Forcing I/O on page 240.

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Windows Menu

This menu offers additional tools for customizing your LogicPro workspace. Specifically, it provides a list of open windows and allows you to change the dimensions and arrangement of those windows. Refer to Table 2.9.

Table 2.9 The Windows Menu

Menu Option Description

Arranges all of the open windows in

Cascade

Tile

Arrange Icons

Close All

(Open Window)

an overlapping fashion so that the title bars of each are visible, with the currently active window on top.

Arranges all of the open windows next to each other.

NOTE: Tile displays all of the open windows equally and side-by-side within the program window . The more windows you have open when you tile, the less of each you will see.

Organizes the icons that represent the minimized windows in your program. This option arranges the icons along the lower left-hand edge of the workspace.

Closes all the windows associated with the:

Program Simulation Monitoring UDFB All Windows

Currently open windows, if any, are listed. To change the active window to any of the currently open windows, simply point to the desired window on the list and click. A check-mark appears to the left of the active window.

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Help Menu

The Help menu gives you access to the online documentation

system. This allows you to obtain information about software features and functions while in the middle of a development task.

There are three levels of information in the online help system, as described in Table 2.10.

Table 2.10 Levels of Help

Type of Help Access

Complete online help. Use the Help menu. Information about the

active dialog box or pull-down menu.

Information about the selected menu item.

Help Menu Commands

Click a Help button or press <F1>.

Press <F1>.

Table 2.11 briefly describes each Help menu command.

Table 2.11 Help Menu Options

Command Description

Accesses the LogicPro Help Contents. Simply click on any of the

Index…

Search for Help On…

How to Use Help…

About LogicPro

underlined topics to navigate through the Help system. This will display either the appropriate help topic or an index of related topics.

Lets you deﬁne a keyword to search on. The Help system then lists the keyword's related topics and lets you select one.

Explains how to use the online help system.

Displays copyright and version information along with other product information and limits (Demo, Standard, Unlimited.)

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Status Bar

The Status bar displays project, resource, and resource type names, from left to right at the bottom of the screen, and is available to the developer within the development environment. The Status bar also provides information about the currently highlighted menu item.

Toolbars

There are two different types of toolbars:

• Standard toolbar

• Language toolbars

Each contains tools designed to make creating and managing LogicPro projects a fast, easy and intuitive process.

Standard Toolbar

The Standard toolbar appears across the top of the screen under the menu bar. It provides quick access to common operations, such as deleting an object, adjusting the screens zoom setting, saving, monitoring, compiling, starting and stopping. ToolTips display on-screen descriptions of all toolbar buttons simply by pausing the pointer on them.

Figure 2.2 Two Views of the LogicPro

Standard toolbar, showing various active buttons

Table 2.12 Toolbar Definitions

Button Description

Open Project Open Resource Open Program

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Button Description

Print Documentation Save Edit Cut Edit Copy Edit Paste Edit Delete Zoom Ratio Edit Project Variable(s) Edit Resource Variable(s) Edit Program Variable(s) Build All and Run Execution Download and Run Open Program for Monitoring Disabled Status Update Run Execution Terminate Execution Simulation Setup Simulation Reset Scan Simulating Logic Increment Simulation Timer Tick Change Simulation Variable(s) Repaint Window

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Language Toolbars

The Language toolbars appear down the right side of the screen. Tools represent each of the language elements used in building a program in a particular language. This Toolbar automatically changes to reflect the current programming language. ToolTips are available on all the buttons so that you can easily identify their functions.

Each of the tools available on these toolbars is full explained in the section covering the particular language.

Toolbar Explanation Page

Sequential Function Charts 72 Ladder 82 Function Block Diagram 106

NOTE! The Language toolbar is only visible when a pro-

gram editor window is open and on top.

Table 2.13 The SFC Toolbar

Tool Description

Selector

Origin Step

Step Simultaneous Transition

(Directed Link) Loop Back (Connection)

Action

Comments

Cross Reference

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Table 2.14 The Ladder Toolbar

Tool Description

Selector

Normally Open Contact

Normally Closed Contact

Off to On Transitional Contact (Positive)

On to Off Transitional Contact (Negative)

Normal Coil

Latched Coil (Set)

Unlatched Coil (Reset)

Function Block

Comments

Cross Reference

Table 2.15 The FBD Toolbar

Tool Description

Selector

Straight Connector

Inverted Connector

Variable

Function Block

Cross Reference

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Using Standard Windows Features

LogicPro provides standard Windows features. If you are

already familiar with Windows, the Select, Cut, Copy and Paste tasks are familiar.

You can access the Cut, Copy or Paste commands from Edit on the Menu Bar, or from the buttons on the Standard

toolbar. You can also access these features using the short cut keys (<Ctrl + X>, <Ctrl + C>, and <Ctrl + V> respectively).

SFC Actions

Programming

Language

SFC Actions Ladder Diagram Ladder Rungs UDFB Text

Cut and copy SFC actions in the following manner:

1. Click the action with the Selector tool. This creates handles around the action.

2. Use the short cut keys or menu options to either

Copy the action onto the clipboard.

3. Paste the action into other SFC diagrams using either the Edit menu or short cut keys.

If you paste the action on to the same level of SFC, you must change the action name. The editor will prompt you for this change when required.

Pasted items appear at the bottom of the list. If you need the pasted section to appear higher-up in your diagram you must cut everything above it and paste it below.

Items that can be Cut, Copied

or Pasted

Cut or

Ladder Rungs

Edit Ladder rungs in the following manner:

1. Click the rung number to the left of the ladder rung with the Selector tool. Multiple rungs can be simultaneously selected, or lassoed.

2. Use the short cut keys or menu options to either Cut or Copy the selection onto the clipboard.

3. Paste the contents of the clipboard into any ladder diagram using either the Edit menu or short cut keys.

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Standard Text

To Cut, Copy and Paste text from the UDFB editor:

1. Select the text you wish to copy by holding down the left mouse button while dragging it across the desired text.

2. Use the short cut keys or menu options to either Cut or Copy the selection onto the clipboard.

Paste the contents of the clipboard into any part of the UDFB

editor using either the Edit menu or short cut keys.

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Projects

Before you begin it is important that you understand the structure and building blocks of a LogicPro Project. The Project itself resides at the highest level of this hierarchy. The next level is called the Resource level. A Resource is the controller hardware that will run a logic program. A project may consist of many resources, or as few as one. Each resource contains one or more Programs. At the lowest level is the Action. Actions reside within the programs. The following diagram illustrates these building blocks and their relationship to each other.

Project P

Resource A

Program R

Action a

Action b Action c

Program m

Action 3

Figure 3.1 Projects Hierarchy

Each LogicPro project resides within a separate directory or folder. The software creates a new directory for each new project. As the developer, you can organize projects by selecting where LogicPro creates the directory.

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Resource 1

Program V

Action e

Action r

Program m

Action 3

Program 4

Action 0

Chapter 3: Projects LogicPro User’s Guide

The directory’s name corresponds to the project’s name and the contains all of the resource subdirectories. These subdirectories, in turn, contain all the resource and program files.

In LogicPro, the project is a receptacle for all related resources and programs. The project contains all the programmable controller elements necessary to describe and implement an automated task.

Projects can contain any number of resources and programs. This enables you to set-up Projects with numerous controllers and steps, or smaller projects with only one or two resources.

Creating a Project

Creating a Project is the first task when using LogicPro. You must create a Project before you can:

• Configure a controller resource.

• Design a program for a device.

• Define individual action steps.

To create a new project:

1. Select the File menu.

2. Select New.

3. Select Project. The New Project dialog box appears,

as shown in Figure 3.2.

Figure 3.2 New Project Dialog Box

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4. Select the directory in which you want to store your new project.

5. Enter the name for the New Project. The Project name

must conform to standard DOS naming conventions and have no more than eight characters.

6. Click [OK].

LogicPro creates a new directory on your drive. This directory contains all the files related to this Project. LogicPro automatically prompts you to create a New Resource. See “Editing a Resource” on page 36 for how to create a New Resource. You cannot use resources that have been created under other Projects with your New Project.

Opening a Project

To open an existing Project:

1. Select the File menu.

2. Select Open.

3. Select Project. The Open Project dialog box appears,

as shown in Figure 3.3.

Figure 3.3 Open Project Dialog Box

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Chapter 3: Projects LogicPro User’s Guide

4. Click on a Project in the box.

5. Click [OK]. LogicPro automatically prompts you to

open a Resource and then a Program if any exist or to create them. See Chapter 5, Programs.

6. If you cannot find the Project you are looking for,

a) Select Build List from the dialog box. The

Rebuild Project List dialog box appears, as

shown in Figure 3.4.

b) Enter a drive in the Start Drive and End Drive

fields. LogicPro searches the drive(s) entered and produces a list of all available projects.

Figure 3.4 Rebuild Project List Dialog Box

Copying Projects

Projects, Resources and Programs are stored in files and directories that can be copied to a floppy or another drive location. However, the structure between these must be maintained for LogicPro to read files correctly. Each Project has its own directory with the same name as the project. Each Resource also has its own directory with the same name as the Resource; it is located in the associated Project directory. Programs are composed of several files which are located in the Resource directory.

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To copy a Project:

1. If a Project is being used by LogicPro, close it.

a) Select File. b) Select Close. c) Select Project.

2. Copy the Project directory using any file utility such as Windows Explorer. Copy the entire directory including all files and subdirectories. Do not rename any directory or file name; LogicPro will not recognize a Project in a folder if the name has been changed.

3. Open the Project.

a) Select File. b) Select Open. c) Select Project. The Open Project dialog box ap-

d) The Project will not be listed. Select Build List

e) Enter a drive in the Start Drive and End Drive

f) Click on the copied Project.

g) Click [OK].

Backing Up a Project

You can back up or copy a project to any location that is accessible to the computer. Backing up is the equivalent to

Save As for projects. To backup a project:

NOTE! A project must be closed before you can back it

up!

pears, as shown in Figure 3.3 on page 27.

from the dialog box. The Rebuild Project List

dialog box appears, as shown in Figure 3.4 on page

28.

fields. LogicPro searches the drive(s) entered and produces a list of all available Projects.

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Chapter 3: Projects LogicPro User’s Guide

1. Select the File menu.

2. Select Backup.

3. Select Project. The Copy Project dialog box appears,

as shown in Figure 3.5.

4. Select the Project to be backed up from the list of

Existing Project(s). Enter the new name for the

backup copy of the project.

5. Select the drive and directory in which LogicPro should place the copy.

NOTE! If you are backing up the project to protect it from

mechanical failure, then it should be stored on a different disk drive or storage media.

6. Click [OK].

Figure 3.5 Copy Project Dialog Box

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Closing a Project

To close a Project:

1. Select the File menu.

2. Select Close.

3. Select Project.

If any of the Programs within the Project you are closing have changed, LogicPro prompts you to save your changes before it closes the Project.

Deleting a Project

NOTE! A Project must be closed before it will appear on

the list of Projects that may be deleted.

To delete a Project:

1. Select the File menu.

2. Select Delete.

3. Select Project. The Delete Project dialog box

appears, as shown in Figure 3.6 on page 32.

4. Select the Project or Projects you want to delete from the list. By default, no projects are selected when the dialog box appears. Click on a Project once to select it for deletion. Click on it a second time to deselect it. Double clicking on an unselected Project is equivalent to

selecting it and clicking the [OK] button.

5. Click [OK]. A message dialog box appears to confirm

deletion of the Project and all its Resources and Programs.

NOTE! If you click [OK], you remove the Project names

from the list and delete all associated Resource and Program files. There is no way to recover this information. Be certain you want to delete these files before you click [OK].

6. Click [OK] to confirm the deletion

– or –

[Cancel] to abort the deletion.

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Figure 3.6 Delete Project Dialog Box

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Resources are the individual controllers that execute the logic you created in a LogicPro Program.

Creating a Resource

To create a Resource:

1. Select the File menu.

2. Select New.

3. Select Resource. The New Resource dialog box

appears, as shown in Figure 4.1.

Resources

Figure 4.1 New Resource Dialog Box

4. Select PPC_2000 or CPC400 from the Target Environment list.

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Chapter 4: Resources LogicPro User’s Guide

5. Enter a Name for the Resource you want to define.

LogicPro saves this Resource as a database in the Project subdirectory.

6. Click [OK] to define the Resource. The Attributes

dialog box appears. – or –

Click [Cancel] to exit the dialog box.

Figure 4.2 PPC-2000 Attributes Dialog Box

PPC-2000 Attributes

The following LogicPro default communications settings will match the PPC-2000’s port 1 when the rotary CONFIG switch is set to position A.

• Baud: 19200

• Parity: Even

• Device Address: 1

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To configure communications with the PPC-2000:

1. Select the correct Communication Port for your PC.

2. Select a Parity of Even, Odd or None.

3. In the Device Address field, enter the controller

address for the PPC-2000.

4. In the ROM Size field, enter 128kB. (Controllers with

2.03 and earlier firmware support up to 40 kB.

5. Select a Baud Rate. The PPC-2000 supports 9600 and

19200.

6. In the Time out field, enter 2000 milliseconds.

7. Click [OK]

-or-

Click [Cancel] to exit this screen.

CPC400 Attributes

The CPC400 has the following default communication settings:

• Baud Rate: 19200

• Controller Address: 1

To configure communications with the CPC400:

1. Select the correct Communication Port for your PC.

2. Select a Parity of None.

3. In the Device Address field enter the controller

address you set in the CPC400.

4. In the ROM Size field, enter 64 kB.

5. Select a Baud Rate. The CPC400 supports 2400, 9600 and 19200.

6. In the Time out field enter 2000 milliseconds.

7. Click [OK]

-or-

Click [Cancel] to exit this screen.

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Editing a Resource

To edit the open Resource:

1. Select the Edit menu.

2. Select Attributes.

3. Select Resource. The Edit Resource dialog box

appears. See Figure 4.3 with the current Resource type highlighted.

4. Click [OK] to open the Attributes dialog box

– or –

Click [Cancel] to exit the dialog box.

5. Make the desired changes to the settings.

NOTE! This is the same dialog box used when creating a

New Resource. See “Creating a Resource” on page 33 for an explanation of the various Resource parameters.

Figure 4.3 Edit Resource Dialog Box

Copying Resources

Resources must be copied within the context of their Projects. To copy a Resource:

1. Copy or back up the Project containing the target Resource and then open it. See “Copying Projects” on page 28 and See “Backing Up a Project” on page 29

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2. Since the project may contain many different Resources, delete any unnecessary Resources.

a) Select File. b) Select Delete. c) Select Resources. The Delete Resources di-

alog box appears.

d) Select the Resources to delete.

e) Click [OK].

The temp directories can be deleted to minimize the size of the project. Using any file utility such as Windows Explorer delete the temp directories (1bk~ through 5bk~) located within the Project directory.

Resource Backup

Backup, the precautionary copying of your Resource files to an alternative location, is an important step in protecting your work from equipment failure. You must meet two conditions in order to backup a Resource.

• The Resource must exist within the open Project.

• The Resource must be closed.

You cannot move or copy a Resource outside its original Project.

To backup a Resource:

1. Select the File menu.

2. Select Backup.

3. Select Resource. The Copy Resource dialog box

appears, as shown in Figure 4.4 on page 38.

4. Select the Resource you want to back up by clicking on

it in the Existing Resources list.

5. Enter a new name in the New Resource Name field.

6. Click [OK].

NOTE! This is very useful for duplicating controller ele-

ments that repeat.

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Figure 4.4 Copy Resource Dialog Box

Deleting a Resource

This option irreversibly removes an existing Resource from the current Project.

1. Select the File menu.

2. Select Delete.

3. Select Resource. The Delete Resource dialog box

appears, as shown in Figure 4.5 on page 39.

4. Select the Resource or Resources you want to delete from the list. You can delete multiple Resources simultaneously. By default no Resources are selected when the dialog box appears. Click on a Resource once to select it. Click a second time to deselect it. Double clicking an unselected Resource is equivalent to

selecting it and clicking [OK].

5. Click [OK]. A message dialog box appears to confirm

deletion of the Resource and all its Programs.

NOTE! By clicking [OK], you remove the Resource name

from the list and delete all associated Program files. There is no way to recover this information, so be absolutely certain you want to delete these files before you click [OK].

6. Click [OK] to accept the deletion

– or –

Click [Cancel] to abort the deletion.

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Figure 4.5 Delete Resource Dialog Box

Opening a Resource

This option makes the Resource available to you.

1. Select the File menu.

2. Select Open.

3. Select Resource. The Open Resource dialog box

appears, as shown in Figure 4.6.

4. Select the Resource you want to open from the list of Resources.

5. Click [OK]. The Resource opens displaying its name on

the status line. You are then prompted to open a Program. See “Opening a Program” on page 42.

Figure 4.6 Open Resource Dialog Box

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Programs

Programs form the base unit of the LogicPro development environment. Programs are defined in IEC 1131-3 as logical assemblies of all the programming language elements and constructs necessary for the intended signal processing needed to control a machine or process by a programmable controller system.

One or more Programs can be contained within a Resource. Within each Program, there may be any number (including zero) of steps, actions, relay elements, or function blocks.

While you can write multiple Programs for each controller, only one Program can actually run on the Resource at any time.

Creating a New Program

1. Select the File menu.

2. Select New.

3. Select Program. The New Program dialog box ap-

pears, as shown in Figure 5.1 on page 42.

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Chapter 5: Programs LogicPro User’s Guide

Figure 5.1 New Program Dialog Box

4. Enter the name for the new Program. Since the Program name is used as the name of DOS data files, the name must conform to DOS standards for file names. The name cannot be the same as the Resource name. See Appendix A for details on naming conventions.

5. Click [OK].

Opening a Program

To open an existing Program:

1. Select the File menu.

2. Select Open.

3. Select Program. The Open Program dialog box

appears, as shown in Figure 5.2 on page 43.

4. Select the Program you want to open from the list.

5. Click [OK].

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LogicPro User’s Guide Chapter 5: Programs

Figure 5.2 Open Program Dialog Box

Saving a Program

When you save a Program, LogicPro creates a backup file that contains the previously saved version of the Program. The Program appears as a .THR file and the backup file appears as a .BAK file in the Resource directory.

To save the currently active Program window:

1. Select the File menu.

2. Select Save.

Closing a Program

To close a Program:

1. Select the editor window with the Program you wish to

2. Select the File menu.

3. Select Close.

4. Select Program. A message dialog box appears as

close from the Windows menu if it is not already select-

ed (on top).

shown in Figure 5.3 on page 44 if any changes have been made and not saved.

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Chapter 5: Programs LogicPro User’s Guide

5. Click [Yes] to save the Program and create a backup file

of the old Program. – or –

Click [No] to close the Program without saving.

– or –

Click [Cancel] to leave the Program open.

NOTE! Additions and deletions of variable definitions are

saved when made and do not depend on saving the Program.

Figure 5.3 Verify Dialog Box

Copying Programs

Programs must be copied within the context of their Projects and resources. To copy a Program:

1. Copy or back up the Project containing the target Pro-

2. Since the Project may contain many Resources, delete all

gram and then open it. “Copying Projects” on page 28. and “Backing Up a Project” on page 29.

Resources that do not contain the target Program.

a) Select File. b) Select Delete. c) Select Resources. The Delete Resources

dialog box appears.

d) Select the Resources to delete.

e) Click [OK].

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LogicPro User’s Guide Chapter 5: Programs

3. Since the Resource may contain many different Programs, delete any unnecessary Programs.

a) Select File. b) Select Delete. c) Select Programs. The Delete Program dialog

box appears.

d) Select the Programs to delete.

e) Click [OK].

The temp directories can be deleted to minimize the size of the Project. Using any file utility such as Windows Explorer delete the temp directories (1bk~ through 5bk~) located within the Project directory.

Saving a Program with a New Name (Save As)

The Save As feature allows you to save an open Program under a new name. To use this feature:

1. Select the File menu.

2. Select Save As.

3. Enter the new name you wish the Program to be saved as. A list of the existing Program names display below this field. LogicPro will not allow you to overwrite an existing Program.

4. Click [OK] to finish the save.

– or –

Click [Cancel] to go back to the Program window.

Backing Up a Program

You can backup or copy a Program if:

• The backed-up Program is located within the same Resource.

• The Program is closed.

You cannot move or copy a Program outside the original Resource.

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Chapter 5: Programs LogicPro User’s Guide

To backup a Program:

1. Select the File menu.

2. Select Backup.

3. Select Program. The Copy Program dialog box

appears, as shown in Figure 5.4.

4. Select the Program you want to backup by clicking on it

in the Existing Program(s) list.

5. Enter the new Program name in the New Program Name field. A list of the existing Program names is dis-

played below this field to help insure that you do not use a name that is already assigned.

6. Click [OK] to finish the save

– or –

Click [Cancel] to abort the backup.

If a Program already exists in the Resource with the name you entered, you are prompted to confirm overwriting the existing Program.

7. Click [OK] to overwrite the existing Program

– or –

Click [No] to go back to the Copy Program dialog box

and enter a unique name.

Figure 5.4 Copy Program Dialog Box

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Deleting a Program

To delete an existing Program:

1. Select the File menu.

2. Select Delete.

3. Select Program. The Delete Program dialog box ap-

pears, as shown in Figure 5.5.

4. Select the Program you want to delete.

Multiple Programs can be selected by clicking on one Program name after another. To deselect a Program click on its name a second time.

5. Click [OK]. A message dialog box appears to confirm

that you want to delete the Program and all its associated variables.

NOTE ! If you click [OK], you remove the Program from

the list and delete all associated files. There is no way to recover this information, so be certain you want to delete these files before you click [OK].

6. Click [OK] to delete the Program

-or-

[Cancel] to abort the deletion.

Figure 5.5 Delete Program Dialog Box

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48 Watlow Anafaze Doc.# 28002-00 Rev 3.00

A LogicPro Variable is the name tag given to a piece of data used by various execution elements of the Program. Variables are both physical I/O and internally represented data. LogicPro uses several types of Variables, including:

• Project Variables

• Resource Variables

• Program Variables

Naming Conventions

When naming Variables try to be as descriptive as possible especially if there are more than a few Variables in the Program. For example, Go_Light_On will prove more useful a name than Variable_1.

Variables

Variables may be up to 28 characters long.

lnitial Value—When a logic program is first run all of the variables are set equal to the initial values specified when the variables are declared or created. If an initial

value is not explicitly entered in the Add Variable

dialog box, the variable is set equal to zero. Unless a variable is set as retentive, it is set equal to its intitial value each time the logic program is run.

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Chapter 6: Variables LogicPro User’s Guide

Retentive Variables

A Retentive Variable is a Variable that:

• Remembers its last state if power is interrupted.

• Returns that value after power has been restored.

LogicPro forgets all of the Variable values when a power down of a Resource occurs unless they are tagged as Retentive.

System Variables

System Variables give you access to internal system status and allow you to view items such as I/O Driver and Resource status. LogicPro generates these Variables automatically. You

can access System Variables through the Variable List

dialog box in the same manner as Project, Resource, and Program Variables.

Whenever an driver is referenced in your Program, LogicPro creates two Variables, Flag and Stat, for each driver.

• Flag Variable — is Boolean in nature and goes high if an error is detected.

• Stat Variable — is an integer and contains the river status bits or error code.

LogicPro also creates system variables whenever function blocks are added to a program. These variables can be used elsewhere in the program. The system variables are named by concatenating the user set name of the function block, and the function block’s I/O symbols. For example, MYTIMER.Q is a system variable that holds a value of 0 when the output of function block named MYTIMER is off and a value of 1 when the output of that function block is on.

To view the existing system variables or assign one to a program element:

1. Double-click a program element.

2. For Variable Type, select System

3. For Data Type, select All

NOTE! You can view System Variables, only after having

defined a Variable associated with a particular driver, and you cannot add, delete, or edit them.

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Project Variables

Project Variables are available to all elements in a Project. Project Variables are always internal, they cannot be a reference to physical I/O or database registers. To add, edit, and delete Project Variables:

1. Select the Edit menu.

2. Select Variables.

3. Select Project.

This will open the Project Variables dialog box, see Figure

6.1 on page 51.

4. To add a Variable, click [Add]. See “Adding a Re-

source/Program Variable” on page 56.

5. To clone a Variable, select it and click [Clone]. See

“Cloning a Project Variable” on page 55.

6. To edit a Variable, select it and click [Edit]. See “Edit-

ing a Project Variable” on page 53.

7. To delete a Variable, select it and click [Delete]. See

“Deleting a Project Variable” on page 54.

8. Click [OK] to accept the changes

– or –

Click [Cancel] to cancel all the changes.

Figure 6.1 Project Variables Dialog Box

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Adding a Project Variable

To add a Project Variable:

1. Click [Add] in the Project Variable dialog box. This

dialog box to opens, as shown in Figure 6.2.

Figure 6.2 Add Project Variable

2. Enter the Variable name. This name must follow the Variable naming conventions discussed in “Naming Conventions” on page 49.

3. If you want to create several Variables with similar

names, enter the root name in the Name field and enter a starting number and ending number in the Increment

field. By this method, multiple Variables are created, each named with the root name and each appended with a number.

4. Select the Variable type from the list of types, either:

• BOOL (Boolean)

• INT (Integer)

• LONG (Long integer)

• REAL (Floating Point)

5. Enter the Initial Variable Value. If this field is left

blank, zero is the default value. The Variable holds the value of zero until the Program changes that value. Initial value can be used for constant values of function blocks or constant true/false Variables.

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Boolean Variables — are 1 bit in length and can have a value of 1 or 0, corresponding to true and false respectively.

Integer Variables — are 16-bit numeric Variables ranging in value from –32,768 to 32,767 including zero.

Long Integer Variables — are 32-bit (double-word) numeric variables ranging in value from -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647.

Real Variables — are numeric variables with floating

point decimals ranging in value from -3.4 x 10

to 3.4 x

6. Enter any comments you wish to make about the Vari-

able in the Comment field.

7. Click [OK] when all the parameters for this Variable are

defined. – or –

Click [OK/Continue] to add the Variable and keep the Add Project Variable dialog box open and add anoth-

er Variable.

The Variable with the parameters you selected now appears in

the dialog box list. The next time you add a Variable, the Add Variable dialog box remembers the previously entered type

and size fields. This makes it easier and faster to add many similar Variables to a Project.

Editing a Project Variable

To edit a Project Variable:

1. Highlight the Variable you want to edit in the list in the

Project Variable dialog box.

2. Click [Edit]. The Edit Project Variable dialog box ap-

pears, as shown in Figure 6.3 on page 54.

3. Edit the Variable name, type or initial value.

4. Click [OK] when all the parameters for this Variable are

defined.

With the Edit Project Variable dialog box open you can:

• Open a new Edit Project Variable dialog box and add a New Variable by clicking the [Add] button.

• Duplicate the existing Variable’s settings in a new Edit Project Variable dialog box by clicking the [Clone]

button.

• Delete the Variable you are editing by clicking the

[Delete] button.

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Chapter 6: Variables LogicPro User’s Guide

Figure 6.3 Edit Project Variable Dialog Box

Deleting a Project Variable

To delete a single Project Variable:

1. Select the Variable you want to delete in the Project Variables dialog box.

2. Click the [Delete] button. The Verify dialog box ap-

pears.

NOTE! You are prompted to confirm deletion only if the

Options/Variable/Confirm/Deletion choice is selected.

3. Click [Yes] to delete the Variable

– or –

Click [No] to cancel the deletion.

To delete multiple Variables simultaneously:

1. Select the first Variable you want to delete in the

Project Variables dialog box.

2. To select another non-sequential Variable:

a) Press and hold <CTRL>.

b) Click the additional Variables you want to delete.

Only the first selection and the additional Variables are highlighted.

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To select a sequence of Variables:

c) Press and hold <SHIFT>.

d) Click on the last in the sequence of Variables you

want to delete. This action highlights the first selection, the last selection, and all of the Variables in between the two.

3. Click [Delete]. The Verify dialog box appears.

NOTE! You are prompted to confirm deletion only if the

Options/Variable/Confirm/Deletion choice is selected.

4. Click [Yes] to delete the Variables.

–or –

Click [No] to cancel the deletion.

NOTE ! If you make a mistake, you can use the [Cancel]

button to restore all settings to the state in which they existed when you first opened the Project Variables dialog box.

Cloning a Project Variable

Cloning a Variable creates an exact duplicate of that Variable and highlights the symbolic name of the copied Variable. This makes the creation of similar Variables easier.

To clone a Project Variable:

1. Select the Variable you want to clone from the list in the

Project Variables dialog box.

2. Click [Clone]. The Add Project Variable dialog box

is opened with the cloned Variable.

3. Edit the Variable name. Give the Variable a unique name.

4. Edit any other parameters that you wish to be different from the model for the cloned Variable.

5. Click [OK] to add the Variable

– or –

Click [Cancel] to return to the Project Variable dia-

log box without adding the cloned Variable. –or –

Click [OK/Continue]. This button behaves like the standard [OK]. The only difference between them is that [OK/Continue] will not cause the dialog box to close.

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Chapter 6: Variables LogicPro User’s Guide

However, just like the [OK], all of the information that

you entered or changed is confirmed.

NOTE ! If you make a mistake, you can use the [Cancel]

button to restore all settings to the state in which they existed when you first opened the Project Variables dialog box.

Resource Variables

A Resource Variable can be internal or can be associated with a physical I/O point or a database register. Resource Variables are available to all Programs written for a Resource. To add, edit, and delete Resource Variables:

1. Select the Edit menu.

2. Select Variables.

3. Select Resource. The Resource Variables dialog

box appears.

4. Add Variables by clicking [Add], edit Variables by

clicking [Edit], or delete Variables by clicking [Delete].

Additional information on these functions is available in the following pages.

5. Click [OK] to accept the changes

– or –

Click [Cancel] to cancel all the changes you made to

Variables.

Adding a Resource/Program Variable

Resource and Program Variables are added in the same manner. To add a Resource/Program Variable:

1. Select the Edit menu.

2. Select Variables.

3. Select Resource or Program. This opens the Re- source Variables or Program Variables dialog box,

as shown in Figure 6.4 and Figure 6.5 on page 57.

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Figure 6.4 Resource Variable Dialog Box

Figure 6.5 Program Variable Dialog Box

4. Click [Add] in the Resource/Program Variables di- alog box. The Add Resource/Program Variable di-

alog box appears, as shown in Figure 6.6 on page 58.

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Chapter 6: Variables LogicPro User’s Guide

Figure 6.6 Add Resource Variable Dialog Box

5. Enter the Variable name in the Name field. This name

must follow the Variable naming conventions discussed in “Naming Conventions” on page 49.

6. If you want to create a numbered range of Variables, en-

ter a start and an end number in each of the Increment

fields. Otherwise, leave the fields blank.

7. Select the Variable Type from the list of types, either:

• BOOL (Boolean)

• INT (Integer)

• LONG (Long Integer)

• REAL (Floating Point)

Refer to “Adding a Project Variable” on page 52 , for a more detailed discussion of allowable parameters for Variable types.

8. Enter the Initial Variable Value. If this field is left

blank, zero is the default value. The Variable holds the value of zero until the Program or an I/O reading changes that value. Initial value can be used for constant values of function blocks or constant true/false Variables.

9. To associate a Variable with a physical I/O point or a database register, follow these steps:

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a) Place a check mark in either the Input or the Out-

put check box.

b) Select the I/O driver from the list. The drivers in the

list are determined by the Resource you selected. Information on these drivers is located in Chapter

12, “I/O Drivers.”

c) Enter the I/O physical address. See Chapter 12,

“I/O Drivers,” for addressing information.

d) Select one of the following I/O sizes from the list of

sizes:

• Bit — a binary digit that can hold the value of

0 or 1.

• Word — 16 bits in length.

10. Enter any comments in the Comment field.

11. Click [OK].

NOTE! If the I/O point is an Input, you must choose Input.

If the point is an output, choose Output if you intend for the logic Program to set the output’s state. You may also choose Input for a physical output if its state is set by the closed-loop control Program and the logic Program is only interested in sensing the value or state of the physical output. For database registers, choose Input or Out- put based on whether the logic Program sets the value (output) or just reads it (input).

The Variable appears in the dialog box list. The next time you

add a Variable, the Add Variable dialog box remembers the

previously entered type and size fields. This makes it easier and faster to add many similar Variables to a Resource/ Program.

Editing a Resource/Program Variable

Resource and Program Variables are edited in the same manner. To edit a Resource/Program Variable:

1. Select the Variable you want to edit in the Resource/ Program Variables dialog box.

2. Click [Edit]. The Edit Variable dialog box appears.

3. Enter the appropriate information in all the dialog box fields, according to the procedure in “Adding a Re- source/Program Variable” on page 56.

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Deleting Resource/Program Variables

To delete a single Resource/Program Variable:

1. Select the Variable you want to delete in the Resource/ Program Variables dialog box.

2. Click [Delete]. The Verify dialog box appears.

NOTE! You are prompted to confirm deletion only if the

Options/Variable/Confirm/Deletion choice is selected.

3. Click [Yes] to delete the Variable

– or –

Click [No] to cancel the deletion.

To delete multiple Variables simultaneously:

1. Select the first Variable you want to delete in the

Resource/Program Variables dialog box.

2. To select another non-sequential Variable:

a) Press and hold <CTRL>.

b) Click the additional Variable you want to delete.

Only the first selection and the additional Variables are highlighted.

To select a sequence of Variables:

a) Press and hold <SHIFT>.

b) Click on the last of the Variables in the sequence

that you want to delete. This action highlights the first selection, the last selection, and all of the Variables in between the two.

3. Click [Delete]. The Verify dialog box appears.

NOTE! You are prompted to confirm deletion

only if the Options/Variable/Confirm/Deletion choice is selected.

4. Click [Yes] to delete the Variables.

– or –

Click [No] to cancel the deletion.

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NOTE! If you make a mistake, you can choose [Cancel],

in the Resource/Program Variables dialog box, to restore all Variables to the state in which they existed when you first opened the Resource/Program Variables dialog box.

Cloning a Resource or Program Variable

Cloning a Variable creates an exact duplicate of that Variable and highlights the symbolic name of the copied Variable. This makes the creation of similar Variables easier.

To clone a Resource Variable:

1. Select the Variable you want to clone from the list in the

Resource Variables or Program Variables dialog

box.

2. Click [Clone]. The Add Resource/Program Vari- able dialog box is opened with the cloned Variable.

3. Edit the Variable name. Give the Variable a unique

4. Edit any other parameters that you wish to be different

5. Click [OK] to add the Variable.

Program Variables

Program Variables are available to all elements in a Program. A Program Variable can be internal, or it can be associated with a physical I/O point or a database register. To add, edit, and delete Program Variables:

1. Select the Edit menu.

2. Select Variables.

3. Select Program.

name.

than the model for the cloned Variable.

– or –

Click [Cancel] to return to the Resource/Program Variables dialog box without adding the cloned Vari-

able.

4. Add Variables by clicking [Add]. See “Adding a Re-

source/Program Variable” on page 56.

-or-

Clone Variables by clicking [Clone]. See “Cloning a

Resource or Program Variable” on page 61.

-or-

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Chapter 6: Variables LogicPro User’s Guide

Edit Variables by clicking [Edit]. See “Editing a Re-

source/Program Variable” on page 59.

-or-

Delete Variables by clicking [Delete]. See “Deleting

Resource/Program Variables” on page 60.

5. Click [OK] to accept the changes.

– or –

Click [Cancel] to cancel all the changes you made to the

Variables.

Figure 6.7 Program Variables Dialog Box

Finding and Replacing a Variable In a Program

You can use the Find or Replace commands to help you

edit ladder diagrams.

Using the Find Command

You can use the Find command two ways:

• To locate a particular Variable name, or

• To locate subsequent instances of a Variable name.

To use the Find command:

1. From the Edit menu.

2. Select Find. The Find Variable dialog box appears, as

shown in Figure 6.8 on page 63.

3. Enter the name of the Variable you want to find in the

Variable to find field.

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4. Select whether you want to start your search at the beginning of the Program at your current location.

5. Click [OK] to find the first instance of the Variable

name.

Figure 6.8 Find Variable

If you click... Then...

The ﬁrst instance of the Variable name is highlighted in the Ladder Diagram.

[OK]

The Find Variable dialog box closes.

A message dialog box appears.

6. To find additional instances of the Variable name, click [Yes] in the message dialog box. – or – Click [No] to end the search.

When... Then...

There are no additional instances of the Variable name.

The V ariable name does not exist in the Ladder Diagram

The dialog boxes closes and the editor window becomes active.

A warning box appears with the message Variable not found!

Click [OK] to clear the dialog box from the screen.

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Chapter 6: Variables LogicPro User’s Guide

Using the Replace Command

When... Then...

There are no additional instances of the Variable name.

The V ariable name does not exist in the Ladder Diagram

The dialog boxes closes and the editor window becomes active.

A warning box appears with the message Variable not found!

Click [OK] to clear the dialog box from the screen.

You can use the Replace command two ways:

• To locate and replace the first instance of a particular Variable name, or

• To locate and replace subsequent instances of a Variable name.

To use the Replace command:

1. Select the Edit menu.

2. Select Replace. The Replace Variable(s) dialog box

appears.

3. Enter the name of the Variable you want to find in the

Variable to find field.

4. Enter the name of the new Variable in the New Vari- able field. This new name will replace the old Variable

name.

5. Click [OK] to find the first instance of the Variable

name.

When... Then...

The ﬁrst instance of the Variable

The Variable is found.

There are no additional instances of the Variable name.

The V ariable name does not exist in the Ladder Diagram

name is highlighted. A message dialog box appears

asking you to conﬁrm replacing the instance of the found Variab le.

The dialog boxes closes and the editor window becomes active.

A warning box appears with the message Variable not found!

Click [OK] to clear the dialog box from the screen.

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6. Click [Yes] to replace the found instance of the Variable

and find the next instance, repeat step #5. – or –

Click [No] to find the next instance without changing the

found instance, repeat step #5. – or –

Click [Cancel] to stop searching without replacing the

found instance.

Import/Export

Import/Export is a feature that allows the user to import (load) or export (save) Resource or Program Variables to or from an ASCII file. You can create or edit these files outside of LogicPro.

Importing an ASCII file

Importing is the process of loading an ASCII file containing Variable information into a LogicPro Resource or Program.

Append

To import an existing ASCII file, use the following procedure:

1. Select the File menu.

2. Select Import Variable.

a) Select Project

-or-

Resource

-or-

Program. The Import Variable dialog box ap-

pears.

3. Select the type of import operation you want to perform:

• Append

• Replace All

• Replace I/O Variables Only (Resource and

Program only)

Selecting Append adds the contents of the ASCII file to the

existing Project, Resource, or Program Variables.

If a Variable from the import file has the same name as an existing Variable in your LogicPro Resource or Program, a

Verify dialog box appears prompting you to replace the

Variable.

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Chapter 6: Variables LogicPro User’s Guide

If you select... Then...

The new V ariable data in the ASCII ﬁle

Yes

replaces the Variable data presently in the Resource or Program ﬁle.

The new V ariable data in the ASCII ﬁle is ignored and the existing Resource or Program data is unchanged.

Replace All

Selecting Replace All replaces all the existing Resource or

Program Variables with corresponding Variables in the import file, with the following qualifications:

• If a new Variable name from the ASCII file is identical to an existing Variable in your Resource or Program Variables, the existing Variable is replaced by the new one.

• If a new Variable name from the ASCII file is not identical to any existing Resource or Program Variable

name, a Verify dialog box opens informing you that the

specific Variable does not exist. The dialog then prompts you to Append the Variable.

• If a Variable exists in your Resource or Program and no duplicate named Variable exists in the import file, it is unaffected and still exists after the import operation is complete.

Replace I/O Variables Only

Replace I/O Variables only results in a similar effect to the Replace All option except that only the I/O Variables are

affected as described above. Any other Variables are not affected in any way.

If you select... Then...

Yes

No The new Variable is ignored.

The Variable is added to your Resource of Program Variable.

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Verifying the Import Operation

After importing a file, you can verify the result by opening the Resource or Program Variables within LogicPro and observing the Variable list. You can edit each individual

Variable to ensure that the Import operation executed

correctly and the result is what you expected.

Creating or Editing an ASCII file

You can create a file for import using any ASCII text editor, such as Microsoft’s MS-DOS Editor. Word processors like Microsoft’s Word, are not ASCII text editors and they may add control and formatting codes that make the file unusable in LogicPro. If you want to use a Word Processor for this function you must save the file as a text file. Consult your Word Processor manual for more information.

The file you want to import must have a *.TXT extension and use a comma-delimited field format.

File Format Specification of Import/Export

The content of the file is defined as follows:

The first line — indicates where the file will be imported to or exported from. The legal form of the first line is ei-

ther [PROJECT:ProjName], [RESOURCE:Re- sName] or [PROGRAM:ProgName], where

PROJECT, RESOURCE, and PROGRAM indicate the type of Variables to be imported or exported and ProjName, ResName, and ProgName are names for the Project, Resource, and Program.

The 2nd line — should be empty [ ]. It is reserved for future use.

The last line — must be [END].

The other lines have their data separated by commas and each line corresponds to one Variable to be imported or exported. Each of the items are defined in the Table 6.1 on page 68.

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Chapter 6: Variables LogicPro User’s Guide

Table 6.1 File Format Specification of Import/

Export

Item Name

Variable Name 26

V ariable Type Short

Retentive Flag 1 0, 1 Initial V alue 10 Digits only See Note 5.

Comment 26 ASCII chars Input or Output 1 I, Q

Size 1 X, B, W

Driver Name 26

Address 49 digits.digits

Max Size

Legal Values Comments

1st char must be letter. Others must be alphanumeric or ‘_’.

BOOL for Boolean, INT

BOOL, INT,

LONG, REAL

1st char must be letter. Others must be alphanumeric or ‘_’.

for Integer, LONG for Long Integer, REAL for Real Type. See Note 4.

1 indicates a Retentive Variable.

I for input, Q for Output. See Note 4.

X for bit, B for byte, W for Word. See Note 4.

The size indicates how I/O is mapped to a Variable.

See Note 4.

This item must be in the form of moduleaddress.offset or parameternumber.offset as required by the driver; only digits and the decimal are allowed, and these digits must also be in the legal range speciﬁed by the particular drivers.

1. If the Variable type is defined as real, then Input/Output, Size, Driver Name and Address are not be available.

2. The Variable Name, Variable Type Short, Retentive Flag must be present for all Variables. The Initial Value is op-

tional and defaults to zero. The Comment field may be

left empty.

3. If the Variable is an I/O Variable, the input/output, Size, Driver name, Address must also be present.

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4. Variable Type Short, Input or Output, Size and Driver Name are case sensitive.

5. Initial Values: See “Naming Conventions” on page 49.

Example of an Import/Export File

[RESOURCE:PPC_2000] [] Alarm_Status1,INT,0,,,I,W,Database,95.1 Analog_In1_1,INT,0,,,I,W,Analog_In_202x,1.1 Analog_Out11_1,INT,0,,,Q,W,Encoder_Analog_2030,11.1 Control_Mode_I1,INT,0,,,I,W,Database,1.1 Control_Mode_O1,INT,0,,,Q,W,Database,1.48 Dig_In1,BOOL,0,,,I,X,Processor_2010,0.1 Dig_Out25,BOOL,0,,,Q,X,Processor_2010,0.25 Encoder_In11_1,INT,0,,,I,W,Encoder_Analog_2030,11.1 Heat_Output_I1,INT,0,,,I,W,Database,36.1 Heat_Output_O1,INT,0,,,Q,W,Database,36.1 Setpoint_I1,INT,0,,,I,W,Database,95.1 Setpoint_O1,INT,0,,,Q,W,Database,95.1 [END]

Table 6.2 Selected Explanations of the Ex-

ample Import/Export File

Code Explanation

The ﬁrst line indicates that these are RESOURCE type

[RESOURCE:PPC_2000]

[ ]

Alarm_Status1,INT,0,, ,I,W,Database,95.1

Analog_In1_1,INT,0,,, I,W,Analog_In_202x,1. 1

Variable and the name of the RESOURCE is PPC_2000.

The second line is empty except for the opening bracket ( [ ) and closing bracket ( ] ).

Variable Name, Variable Type Short, Retentive Flag, Initial V alue, Comment, Input or Output, IO Size, Driver Name, IO Address.

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Variable Name, Variable

Dig_Out25,Bool,0,,,Q, X,Processor_2010,0.25

[END]

Type Short, Retentive Flag, Initial V alue, Comment, Input or Output, IO Size, Driver Name, IO Address.

This is the last line in the ASCII ﬁle.

Exporting an ASCII file

The procedures for exporting Resource or Program Variables to an ASCII file are similar to the procedures for importing and ASCII file. When you export, you create or overwrite an ASCII file with the Resource or Program Variable information already in LogicPro.

To export Resource or Program Variables to an ASCII file, use the following procedure:

1. Select the File menu.

2. Select Export Variable.

a) Select Project

-or- Resource

-or- Program The Export Variable dialog box appears.

3. Select the type of export operation you want to perform:

Export All — exports all types of Variables. Export I/O Variables Only — exports all Variables

defined as Input or Output, excluding all internal or nonIO defined Variables from the Export file (available for Resource and Program Variables.)

Verifying the Export Operation

After exporting a file, you can verity the result by using an ASCII based editor to view the file. Be sure to use an ASCII based editor or the file may have control and formatting codes added to it that will make it unsuitable for future import operations.

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About SFC

Sequential Function Charts

Sequential Function Chart (SFC) is a graphical language using simple graphical objects to diagram any sequential process. SFC enhances communication between the project manager, system architect, programmers, and operators by providing a clear graphical representation of the process state machine.

SFCs provide a way to partition a controller program into a manageable set of Steps and Transitions. These Steps and Transitions are interconnected by directed links.

Steps include related Actions (such as filling a tank, counting parts or waiting for a delay) that are carried out until a Transition condition is satisfied. Once the Transition condition is satisfied, control is transferred to the subsequent step.

Using SFCs in LogicPro

SFCs support both serial and parallel sequential processes. Because discrete manufacturing and process applications all run as a sequence of Steps, SFCs are an excellent way to logically assemble the sub-processes into a structured program. Using these basic elements:

• Steps

• Transitions

• Actions

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SFCs allow you to design, program, debug, and document your process in a quick and effective manner.

SFC is the default language for LogicPro programs.

When SFCs are the active language for the window, LogicPro:

• Displays the SFC toolbar on the right side of the screen.

• Displays the SFC tools on the Tools menu.

SFC Toolbar

SFC uses graphic elements to represent Steps, Transitions, and Actions in the program. In LogicPro, you can access these objects with the toolbar at the right of the screen.

You can activate any of the SFC tools by clicking on it on the toolbar. The selected tool remains active until a different tool is chosen.

Table 7.1 shows the SFC tools with a brief description of each tool’s function. The following sections describe the tools and their use in programs in greater detail.

Table 7.1 The SFC Toolbar

This Tool Performs This Function

Selector

Origin Step

Step Simultaneous Transition

(Directed Link) Loop Back (Connection)

Action

Comments

Cross Reference

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Selector

You can use the [Selector] tool to choose the elements in the

program you want to move, edit, delete, or to which to assign variable names. When you click on any element in the program, handles highlight the object to show it is selected.

To select a single element, click on the object with the mouse. You can now move, delete or edit the selected object by using the appropriate tool on the tool bar.

To deselect an element click on another element or a blank space in the SFC editor window.

NOTE! Right-clicking while using any other tool reacti-

vates the Selector tool.

Cut, Copy, and Paste

Origin Step

Step

You can cut, copy, and paste SFC Actions into other SFC programs or Actions. To select an Action, use the selector tool to get the handles. When pasting an Action you are prompted for a unique name for the Action if pasting would cause ambiguity.

All programs require an origin Step to begin the process program. Each SFC program can have one or two Origin Steps. Origin Step is initially active when the program is run.

The [Origin Step] tool allows you to insert an origin Step

into the program window. Insert your Origin Step by selecting

the [Origin Step] tool and clicking where you want the Step

positioned.

Steps are related Actions (such as filling a tank, counting parts or waiting for a delay) that are carried out until a Transition condition is met. When scanning the active states, Steps are equivalent to the logic associated with the states. Steps are either active or inactive. Actions associated with a Step are only active when the Step is active. At a given moment, the state of the program is defined by its active Steps and the values of their inputs and output variables.

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You can insert Steps into your SFCs with the [Step] tool. Select the [Step] tool from the toolbar, click anywhere on the

screen, and place the Step into the application work area as needed.

Simultaneous Transition

Transitions determine when the process ﬂow passes from a preceding Step to the successive Step along the directed link. Simultaneous Transitions are represented by a horizontal line across the vertical directed link. Each Transition has an associated Transition condition, a single Boolean expression. Transition names are local to the program in which the Transition is located.

Transition

Directed Links

Figure 7.1 Simultaneous Transition

Inserting a Simultaneous Transition

To insert a Transition from one Step to the next:

1. Select the [Simultaneous Transition] tool.

2. Click and drag from the inside of one Step to the inside of another Step. A directed link with one Transition appears.

3. To add parallel directed links, click and drag from the Transition to the inside of a Step.

Transition Condition

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Parallel (AND) and Single (OR) Transitions

To toggle between parallel and single Transitions, using the

[Simultaneous Transition] tool, double-click near the

directed link on the opposite side of the double horizontal line from the Transition.

Parallel horizontal lines indicate that steps occur in parallel. For example, in the SFC as illustrated in Figure 7.2, both Steps 2 and 3 will execute in parallel once condition 1 is met.

Figure 7.2 Parallel and / or Single Transitions

A single horizontal line indicates that only one step executes. For example, in Figure 7.3, either Step 2 or Step 3 will become active depending on whether condition 1 or condition 2 becomes true. In case both Transition conditions become true at the same time, Step 2 will become active because logic is executed top to bottom, left to right.

Figure 7.3 Simultaneous Transition

Conditions

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Assigning Variables to Transitions

Transition conditions must take the form of a single expression. A Transition condition can be a variable that allows the program to continue once the variable value is greater than 0. It could also be one or more variables related by Boolean operators resulting in a Boolean true or false result. Any integer value greater than 0 is considered true.

The following list of operators, shown in Table 7.2, may be used in the Transition condition expression:

Table 7.2 Transition Condition Expressions

Operator Symbol Function

* Times

/ Divided By

+ Plus

- Minus

>= Greater Than or Equal To

> Greater Than

<= Less Than or Equal To

< Less Than

== Equals

!= Not Equal To

! Not

&& And

|| Or

&&! And Not

||! Or not

( Left Parenthesis ) Right Parentheses

To assign a logical condition to a Transition:

1. Select the [Selector] tool.

2. Double-click on the Transition to which you want to

assign a condition. The Transition Condition dialog

box appears.

3. Select a variable for the transition by selecting the appropriate checkbox and double-clicking the variable name in the list.

4. If the condition expression needs an operator, press the

Operator List button on the dialog box. Add the

operator by double-clicking it.

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5. Select the appropriate checkbox in the Variable Type section of the dialog box and click [Add], [Edit], [Delete], or [Cancel] to define any variables you need.

The appropriate dialog box appears and allows you to define the variables. Once a variable is defined, it

appears in the Variable List dialog box. See “Project

Variables” on page 51 and “Resource Variables” on page 56 for more details adding, editing, deleting and

cloning variables.

6. Repeat steps 3 to 5 as needed to complete the transition condition expression.

7. Click [OK]. The Transition condition now appears next

to the Transition in the program.

This condition can be changed by double-clicking on the Transition and constructing another condition.

NOTE! All Transitions in a program must have a Transi-

tion condition or you will encounter a code generator error.

Loop Back

The [Loop Back] tool lets you insert a Transition loop back

into the program window, where control is passed back to a previous Step. Loop backs follow the same rules as Transitions. Refer to “Simultaneous Transition” on page 74 for complete information on defining Transition variables.

To insert a Transition loop back:

1. Select the [Loop Back] tool.

2. Click and drag the cursor from the center of one Step to the center of another Step higher in the control sequence.

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Action

The [Action Tool] allows you to associate Actions with a

particular Step in the program window

You can associate zero or more Actions with each Step. A Step with zero associated Actions is considered a Wait function. The Step is waiting for a successor Transition condition to become true. An Action can be a collection of rungs in Ladder language, a Sequential Function Chart or a Function Block Diagram. The scope of the declaration of an Action is local to the program organization unit containing the declaration.

Like variables, Action names can be any combination of letters and digits as long as the first character is a letter. Spaces are not allowed, so use an underscore ( _ ) to separate words. Actions are case-sensitive, so STATUS_LIGHT_ON is different than status_light_on. When naming Actions, choose a name that is self-explanatory.

NOTE! C/C++ keywords (such as if, else, or while) cannot

be used as a name.

Actions can be stored (S) or Unstored (N) after execution. An N or S appearing in the first cell of the action object indicates this attribute. Stored Actions keep the values of variables for the next time the step is active. Unstored Actions reinitialize variable values each time the step with which they are associated becomes active.

To add Actions:

1. Select the [Action] tool.

2. Click on the Step to which you want to add Actions. The

Add Action dialog box appears.

3. Enter the name of the Action you want you want to add to the Step.

4. Select Stored or Unstored.

5. Click [OK]. The Action name now appears next to the

Step with which it is associated in the Program.

To add content to the Action, double-click on the name of the Action. A Program window appears. This allows you to program the Action in any of the three programming languages.

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To change the Name or Stored/Unstored attribute:

1. Select the [Selector] tool.

2. Double-click on the Action. This opens the Action’s

program window.

3. Select Edit.

4. Select Attributes.

5. Selection Action...

6. Edit the Name field, if desired.

7. Select the desired Stored/Unstored option.

8. Click [OK] to save the change.

– or –

Click [Cancel] to abort changes.

Comments

Cross Reference

The [Comments] tool allows you to document each Step, to

note variables, inputs, outputs, and other information pertaining to the Step. You can then view and edit this text as needed.

To enter comments:

1. Select the [Comments] tool.

2. Double-click on the Step you want to document. The

Comments dialog box appears.

3. Enter text.

4. Click [OK] to save the text and close the dialog box.

– or –

Click [Cancel] to delete the comment.

Cross Referencing provides both on-line viewing and

reports of the variables defined as part of the SFC program. This helps you document and debug your control program.

NOTE! For more information on Cross Referencing, con-

sult Chapter 16, Cross Referencing.

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Ladder Diagrams

The Ladder diagram is an outgrowth of the ‘relay Ladder’ commonly used in the programming of PLCs. This offers you a visual method of creating Boolean expressions. By satisfying the elements of the expression power flows through to a coil at the output of a rung.

Simply put, the Ladder diagram symbolizes a circuit with energized left and right power rails. If conditions exist that allow contacts, positioned along a rung of the Ladder, to close then the circuit is complete and power flows to an output coil. By placing several contacts in series you can create an AND condition in Boolean Logic. Conversely, an OR condition results from placing contacts in parallel with each other. The Ladder logic executes from top to bottom and from left to right. Although LogicPro does not draw the right power rail on the screen, the circuit functions as if it were there.

This programming technique provides you with a variety of contacts and coils, thus giving you considerable flexibility in creating intricate program logic. This chapter explains the various contacts and coils accessible to you in LogicPro along with some insight on how to use them. If you have ever programmed a ‘relay Ladder’ you are already familiar with most of these concepts and symbols.

To select Ladder diagram as the language for a program

window, select LD - Ladder from the Tools, Language

menu. However, if the program window has existing Sequential Function Chart or Function Block Diagram elements, a language change will not be allowed.

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Ladder Toolbar

When you select Ladder diagram as the language for a program window, LogicPro:

• Displays the Ladder toolbar on the right side of the screen.

• Changes the menu items in the Tools menu.

To use any one of these tools, click it on the toolbar or select

it from the Tools menu.

Table 8.1 contains a list of the available tools.

Table 8.1 Ladder Diagrams Toolbar

This Tool Performs This Function

Selector

Normally Open Contact

Normally Closed Contact

Off to On Transitional Contact (Positive)

On to Off Transitional Contact (Negative)

Normal Coil

Latched Coil (Set)

Unlatched Coil (Reset)

Function Block

Comments

Cross Reference

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Selector

Use the [Selector] tool to select an element within a Ladder

program. Once selected you can move, edit, delete or assign Variable names to it.

To use the Selector:

1. Select the [Selector] tool.

Select any element in the program by clicking once on it. This will cause handles to appear showing that it is selected.

Clicking twice on it causes the Variables dialog box to

appear.

Figure 8.1 illustrates an element without handles.

Figure 8.1 Element without Handles

Figure 8.2 shows a selected element with handles.

Figure 8.2 Selected Element with Handles

Normally Open Contact

The [No Contact] tool enables you to insert normally open

contacts into the program window.

During a single evaluation of the Ladder diagram, if the Variable associated with this contact is True, then the contact will close. Thus allowing power to pass to the next element on the rung. If the associated Variable is False, the contact remains in the Open state.

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To use the Normally Open Contact:

1. Select the [Normally Open Contact] tool.

2. Position the pointer where you want the contact placed and click.

Normally Closed Contact

The [Normally Closed Contact] tool allows you to insert

normally closed contacts into the program window.

During a single evaluation of the Ladder diagram, if the Variable associated with this contact is True, then the contact will open. Thus preventing power to pass to the next element on the rung. If the associated Variable is False, the contact remains in the Closed state, which means power will pass when the element is False or (0).

To use the Normally Closed Contact:

1. Select the [Normally Closed Contact] tool

2. Position the pointer where you want the contact placed and click.

Off To On Transitional Contact

The [Off To On Transitional Contact] tool allows you to

insert off to on transitional contacts into the program window.

The Off to On Transitional Contact is sometimes known as the Positive Transitional Contact.

During a single evaluation of the Ladder diagram, if the Variable associated with this contact changes from False to True, then the contact will close for this cycle only. Thus allowing electricity to flow to the next element on the rung. For all other conditions this contact remains in the Open state.

To use the Off To On Transitional Contact:

1. Select the [Off To On Transitional Contact] tool.

2. Position the pointer where you want the contact placed and click.

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Watlow LogicPro User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Warranty

Table of Contents

List of Figures

List of Tables

Introduction

This Manual

Where Do I Look?

Conventions Used

Safety symbols

LogicPro Workplace

Menu Bar

File Menu

Edit Menu

View Menu

Tools Menu

UDFB (User Defined Function Block) Menu

Execution Menu

Simulation Menu

Options Menu

Windows Menu

Help Menu

Help Menu Commands

Status Bar

Toolbars

• Standard toolbar

Language Toolbars

Using Standard Windows Features

SFC Actions

Ladder Rungs

Standard Text

Projects

Creating a Project

Opening a Project

Copying Projects

Backing Up a Project

Closing a Project

Deleting a Project

Creating a Resource

Resources

PPC-2000 Attributes

CPC400 Attributes

Editing a Resource

Copying Resources

Resource Backup

Deleting a Resource

Opening a Resource

Programs

Creating a New Program

Opening a Program

Saving a Program

Closing a Program

Copying Programs

Saving a Program with a New Name (Save As)

Backing Up a Program

Deleting a Program

Naming Conventions

Variables

Retentive Variables

System Variables

Project Variables

Adding a Project Variable

Editing a Project Variable

Deleting a Project Variable

Cloning a Project Variable

Resource Variables

Adding a Resource/Program Variable

Editing a Resource/Program Variable

Deleting Resource/Program Variables

Cloning a Resource or Program Variable

Program Variables

Finding and Replacing a Variable In a Program

Using the Find Command

Using the Replace Command

Import/Export

Importing an ASCII file

Append