www.wackergroup.com
Ride-On Trowel
CRT 48-31V-ES
OPERATOR’S MANUAL
0155954en 004
1006
0155954EN
CRT 48-31V-ES Table of Contents
wc_bo0155954en_004TOC.fm 1
1. Foreword 3
2. Safety Information 4
2.1 Laws Pertaining to Spark Arresters ...................................................... 4
2.2 Operating Safety .................................................................................. 5
2.3 Operator Safety while using Internal Combustion Engines .................. 6
2.4 Service Safety ...................................................................................... 7
2.5 Label Locations ................................................................................. 8
2.6 Safety and Operating Labels .............................................................. 10
3. Technical Data 14
3.1 Engine ................................................................................................ 14
3.2 Trowel ................................................................................................. 15
3.3 Sound and Vibration Specifications .................................................... 16
4. Operation 17
4.1 Description ......................................................................................... 17
4.2 Features and Controls ........................................................................ 18
4.3 New Machines .................................................................................... 19
4.4 Before Starting ................................................................................... 20
4.5 Starting ............................................................................................... 20
4.6 Stopping ............................................................................................. 20
4.7 Operation ............................................................................................ 21
4.8 Steering .............................................................................................. 22
4.9 Status Indicator Lights ........................................................................ 23
4.10 Pitch Adjustment ................................................................................ 25
Table of Contents CRT 48-31V-ES
wc_bo0155954en_004TOC.fm 2
5. Maintenance 26
5.1 Periodic Maintenance Schedule ..........................................................26
5.2 Trowel Gearboxes ...............................................................................27
5.3 Switching Blade Positions ...................................................................28
5.4 Mounting Float Pans ...........................................................................29
5.5 Transporting Trowels ...........................................................................29
5.6 Drive Belt .............................................................................................30
5.7 Battery Jump Start Procedure .............................................................32
5.8 Spark Plug ...........................................................................................33
5.9 Air Cleaner ..........................................................................................34
5.10 Engine Oil ............................................................................................35
5.11 Troubleshooting ...................................................................................36
wc_tx000001gb.fm 3
CALIFORNIA
Proposition 65 Warning:
Engine exhaust, some of its constituents, and certain vehicle
components, contain or emit chemicals known to the State of
California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive
harm.
1. Foreword
This manual provides information and procedures to safely operate
and maintain this Wacker model. For your own safety and protection
from injury, carefully read, understand and observe the safety
instructions described in this manual.
Keep this manual or a copy of it with the machine. If you lose this
manual or need an additional copy, please contact Wacker
Corporation. This machine is built with user safety in mind; however,
it can present hazards if improperly operated and serviced. Follow
operating instructions carefully! If you have questions about operating
or servicing this equipment, please contact Wacker Corporation.
The information contained in this manual was based on machines in
production at the time of publication. Wacker Corporation reserves the
right to change any portion of this information without notice.
All rights, especially copying and distribution rights, are reserved.
Copyright 2006 by Wacker Corporation.
No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without
express written permission from Wacker Corporation.
Any type of reproduction or distribution not authorized by Wacker
Corporation represents an infringement of valid copyrights and will be
prosecuted. We expressly reserve the right to make technical
modifications, even without due notice, which aim at improving our
machines or their safety standards.
WARNING
Safety Information CRT 48-31V-ES
wc_si000050gb.fm 4
2. Safety Information
This manual contains DANGER, WARNING, CAUTION, NOTICE and
NOTE callouts which must be followed to reduce the possibility of
personal injury, damage to the equipment, or improper service.
This is the safety alert symbol. It is used to alert you to potential
personal injury hazards. Obey all safety messages that follow this
symbol to avoid possible injury or death.
DANGER indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will
result in death or serious injury.
WARNING indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could
result in death or serious injury.
CAUTION indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could
result in minor or moderate injury.
NOTICE: Used without the safety alert symbol, NOTICE indicates a
hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in property
damage
Note: Contains additional information important to a procedure.
2.1 Laws Pertaining to Spark Arresters
Notice: State Health Safety Codes and Public Resources Codes
specify that in certain locations spark arresters be used on internal
combustion engines that use hydrocarbon fuels. A spark arrester is a
device designed to prevent accidental discharge of sparks or flames
from the engine exhaust. Spark arresters are qualified and rated by
the United States Forest Service for this purpose.
In order to comply with local laws regarding spark arresters, consult
the engine distributor or the local Health and Safety Administrator.
DANGER
WARNING
CAUTION
CRT 48-31V-ES Safety Information
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2.2 Operating Safety
Familiarity and proper training are required for the safe operation of
equipment. Equipment operated improperly or by untrained personnel
can be dangerous. Read the operating instructions contained in both
this manual and the engine manual and familiarize yourself with the
location and proper use of all controls. Inexperienced operators should
receive instruction from someone familiar with the equipment before
being allowed to operate the machine.
2.2.1 NEVER operate this machine in applications for which it is not
intended.
2.2.2 NEVER allow anyone to operate this equipment without proper
training. People operating this equipment must be familiar with the
risks and hazards associated with it.
2.2.3 NEVER touch the engine or muffler while the engine is on or
immediately after it has been turned off. These areas get hot and may
cause burns.
2.2.4 NEVER use accessories or attachments that are not recommended by
Wacker. Damage to equipment and injury to the user may result.
2.2.5 NEVER operate the machine with the beltguard missing. Exposed
drive belt and pulleys create potentially dangerous hazards that can
cause serious injuries.
2.2.6 NEVER leave machine running unattended.
2.2.7 DO NOT run the machine indoors or in an enclosed area such as a
deep trench unless adequate ventilation, through such items as
exhaust fans or hoses, is provided. Exhaust gas from the engine
contains poisonous carbon monoxide gas; exposure to carbon
monoxide can cause loss of consciousness and may lead to death.
2.2.8 ALWAYS remain aware of moving parts and keep hands, feet, and
loose clothing away from the moving parts of the equipment.
2.2.9 ALWAYS keep hands, feet, and loose clothing away from moving parts
of the machine.
2.2.10 ALWAYS read, understand, and follow procedures in the Operator’s
Manual before attempting to operate the equipment.
2.2.11 ALWAYS be sure operator is familiar with proper safety precautions
and operation techniques before using machine.
2.2.12 ALWAYS close fuel valve on engines equipped with one when
machine is not being operated.
2.2.13 ALWAYS store the equipment properly when it is not being used.
Equipment should be stored in a clean, dry location out of the reach of
children.
2.2.14 ALWAYS operate the machine with all safety devices and guards in
place and in working order.
WARNING
Safety Information CRT 48-31V-ES
wc_si000050gb.fm 6
2.3 Operator Safety while using Internal Combustion Engines
Internal combustion engines present special hazards during operation
and fueling. Read and follow the warning instructions in the engine
owner’s manual and the safety guidelines below. Failure to follow the
warnings and safety guidelines could result in severe injury or death.
2.3.1 DO NOT run the machine indoors or in an enclosed area such as a
deep trench unless adequate ventilation, through such items as
exhaust fans or hoses, is provided. Exhaust gas from the engine
contains poisonous carbon monoxide gas; exposure to carbon
monoxide can cause loss of consciousness and may lead to death.
2.3.2 DO NOT smoke while operating the machine.
2.3.3 DO NOT smoke when refueling the engine.
2.3.4 DO NOT refuel a hot or running engine.
2.3.5 DO NOT refuel the engine near an open flame.
2.3.6 DO NOT spill fuel when refueling the engine.
2.3.7 DO NOT run the engine near open flames.
2.3.8 ALWAYS refill the fuel tank in a well-ventilated area.
2.3.9 ALWAYS replace the fuel tank cap after refueling.
2.3.10 ALWAYS keep the area around the muffler free of debris such as
leaves, paper, cartons, etc. A hot muffler could ignite the debris and
start a fire.
DANGER
CRT 48-31V-ES Safety Information
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2.4 Service Safety
Poorly maintained equipment can become a safety hazard! In order
for the equipment to operate safely and properly over a long period of
time, periodic maintenance and occasional repairs are necessary.
2.4.1 DO NOT attempt to clean or service the machine while it is running.
Rotating parts can cause severe injury.
2.4.2 DO NOT crank a flooded engine with the spark plug removed on
gasoline-powered engines. Fuel trapped in the cylinder will squirt out
the spark plug opening.
2.4.3 DO NOT test for spark on gasoline-powered engines if the engine is
flooded or the smell of gasoline is present. A stray spark could ignite
the fumes.
2.4.4 DO NOT use gasoline or other types of fuels or flammable solvents to
clean parts, especially in enclosed areas. Fumes from fuels and
solvents can become explosive.
2.4.5 ALWAYS turn engine off and remove key from machine before
performing maintenance or making repairs.
2.4.6 ALWAYS handle blades carefully. The blades can develop sharp
edges which can cause serious cuts.
2.4.7 ALWAYS keep the area around the muffler free of debris such as
leaves, paper, cartons, etc. A hot muffler could ignite the debris and
start a fire.
2.4.8 ALWAYS replace worn or damaged components with spare parts
designed and recommended by Wacker Corporation.
2.4.9 ALWAYS disconnect the spark plug on machines equipped with
gasoline engines, before servicing, to avoid accidental start-up.
2.4.10 ALWAYS switch off the power supply at the battery disconnect before
adjusting or maintaining the electrical equipment.
2.4.11 ALWAYS keep the machine clean and labels legible. Replace all
missing and hard-to-read labels. Labels provide important operating
instructions and warn of dangers and hazards.
WARNING
Safety Information CRT 48-31V-ES
wc_si000050gb.fm 8
2.5 Label Locations
CRT 48-31V-ES Safety Information
wc_si000050gb.fm 9
Safety Information CRT 48-31V-ES
wc_si000050gb.fm 10
2.6 Safety and Operating Labels
Wacker machines use international pictorial labels where needed.
These labels are described below:
Label Meaning
DANGER!
No sparks, flames or burning objects near
machine.
CAUTION!
Use only clean, filtered gasoline fuel.
Water tank fill. Use only clean water or waterbased retardants.
WARNING!
Hot surface!
DANGER!
Engines emit carbon monoxide; operate only
in well-ventilated area. Read the Operator’s
Manual.
No sparks, flames, or burning objects near the
machine. Shut off the engine before refueling.
Steering control. Refer to section Steering.
DANGER!
Before fueling, stop the engine. No sparks,
flames, or burning objects near the machine.
CRT 48-31V-ES Safety Information
wc_si000050gb.fm 11
WARNING!
Cutting hazard. Always replace blade guard!
WARNING!
Pressurized contents. Do not open when hot!
WARNING!
Hand injury if caught in moving belt.
Always replace beltguard.
CAUTION!
Lifting point.
Tie-down point.
Key switch, engine start:
Off
On
Start
WARNING!
Read and understand the supplied Operator’s
Manual before operating this machine. Failure
to do so increases the risk of injury to yourself
or others.
Label Meaning
Safety Information CRT 48-31V-ES
wc_si000050gb.fm 12
Blade pitch control. Turn both controls inward
to increase blade pitch. Refer to section Pitch
Adjustment.
Operator’s Manual must be stored on
machine. Replacement Operator’s Manual can
be ordered through your local Wacker
distributor.
WARNING!
Remove pan from trowel before lifting machine
overhead. Pans can fall and cause death or
serious injury if a person is hit. (Located on top
side of float pan.)
WARNING!
Pinching hazard. Rotating machinery.
Refer to Status Indicator Lights section for
explanation of this label.
Label Meaning
1 1 8 6 8 8
R e m o v e p a n f r o m t r o w e l b e f o r e l i f t i n g m a c h i n e
o v e r h e a d .
P a n s c a n f a l l a n d c a u s e d e a t h o r s e r i o u s i n j u r y i f
a p e r s o n i s h i t .
G l e i t s c h e i b e v o m B e t o n g l ä t t e r e n t f e r n e n b e v o r
d a s G e r ä t u b e r K o p f h ö h e g e h o b e n w i r d .
G l e i t s c h e i b e k a n n f a l l e n u n d s c h w e r e V e r l e t z u n g
o d e r T o d v e r u r s a c h e n w e n n P e r s o n a l g e t r o f f e n w i r d .
Q u i t e e l d i s c o d e f l o t a c i ó n a n t e s d e l e v a n t a r l a
m á q u i n a a l i s a d o r a d e h o r m i g ó n .
L o s d i s c o s p o d r í a n c a e r y m a t a r o l a s t i m a r
s e r i a m e n t e a u n a p e r s o n a q u e s e e n c u e n t r e c e r c a .
A v a n t d e l e v e r l a p p a r e i l a u - d e s s u s d e v o t r e t ê t e ,
ô t e r l e d i s q u e d e t a l o c h a g e d e l a t r u e l l e .
L e d i s q u e d e t a l o c h a g e p e u t t o m b e r e t e n t r a î n e r
d e g r a v e s b l e s s u r e s o u m ê m e l a m o r t .
CRT 48-31V-ES Safety Information
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CAUTION!
Disconnect battery before removing cover.
Replace cover before using the machine.
CAUTION!
Engine oil pressure is low! Stop the engine
and check the oil level.
CAUTION!
Low voltage! Stop the engine and check the
charging system.
CAUTION!
Coolant Temperature is too high. Stop the
engine and check the coolant level.
Use only Glygoyle 460 gear oil in gearbox.
A nameplate listing the model number, item
number, revision number, and serial number is
attached to each unit. Please record the
information found on this plate so it will be
available should the nameplate become lost or
damaged. When ordering parts or requesting
service information, you will always be asked
to specify the model number, item number,
revision number, and serial number of the unit.
This machine may be covered by one or more
patents.
Label Meaning
Technical Data CRT 48-31V-ES
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3. Technical Data
3.1 Engine
Part No.
CRT 48-31V-ES
0009216
CRT 48-31V-ES-E
0009482
Engine
Engine Make Vanguard
Engine Model DM950G
Rated Power
kW (Hp)
23.1 (31)
Displacement
cm³ (in³)
950 (58)
Spark Plug
type
Champion RC12YC
Electrode Gap
mm (in.)
0.76 (0.030)
Engine Speed - full load
rpm
4000
Engine Speed - idle
rpm
1500
Battery
V / size
12 / Group 24
Fuel
type
Regular unleaded gasoline
Fuel Tank Capacity
l (gal.)
24.6 (6.5)
Fuel Consumption
l (gal.)/hr.
10 (2.6)
Running Time
hrs.
2.5
Clutch
type
variable speed
Low Oil Shutdown yes
Engine Oil Capacity
l (qt.)
3.3 (3.5)
Engine Lubrication
oil grade
SAE 10W30 SH, SJ
Driveshaft
type
splined universal joint
CRT 48-31V-ES Technical Data
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3.2 Trowel
Par t No.
CRT 48-31V
-ES
0009216
Rev. 118
and lower
CRT 48-31V
-ES
0009216
Rev. 119
and higher
CRT 48-31V
-ES-E
0009482
Rev. 118
and lower
CRT 48-31V
-ES-E
0009482
Rev. 119
and higher
Trowel
Operating Weight
kg (lbs.)
528 (1165)
Dimensions (L x W x H)
mm
(in.)
2665 x 1395 x 1330
(105 x 55 x 52)
2530 x 1397 x 1328
(100 x 55 x 52)
Rotor Speed (range)
rpm
25-150
Blade Pitch (range)
degrees
0-25
Gearbox
type
heavy duty, fan cooled
Gearbox Lubrication
type
Mobil Oil
SHC634
Mobil
Glygoyle 460
Mobil Oil
SHC634
Mobil
Glygoyle 460
l (oz.)
1.83 (62) each
Operation
Troweling Width
with pans
(non-overlapping)
without pans
(overlapping)
without pans
(non-overlapping)
mm (in.)
2465 (97)
2515 (99)
--
2465 (97)
--
2413 (95)
Troweling Area
with pans
(non-overlapping)
without pans
(overlapping)
without pans
(non-overlapping)
m2 (ft2)
3 (32)
3.2 (34)
--
3 (32)
--
2.8 (30)
Technical Data CRT 48-31V-ES
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3.3 Sound and Vibration Specifications
The required sound specification, Paragraph 1.7.4.f of 89/392/EEC
Machinery Directive, is:
• the sound pressure level at operator’s location (L
pA
) 91 dB(A)
• the guaranteed sound power level (L
WA
) 109 dB(A)
These sound values were determined according to ISO 3744 for the
sound power level (LWA) and ISO 11204 for the sound pressure level
(LpA) at the operator’s location.
The weighted effective acceleration value, determined according to
ISO 2361-1 and ISO 5349, is:
• for whole body 1.29 m/s
2
• for hand/arm 2.85 m/s
2
The sound and vibration specifications were obtained with the unit
operating on fully cured, water wetted concrete at nominal engine
speed.
CRT 48-31V-ES Operation
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4. Operation
4.1 Description
The Riding Trowel is a modern, high production machine. Finishing
rate will vary depending on operator skill and job conditions. The
heavy-duty gearboxes are designed to provide exceptional
performance, low maintenance, and trouble-free use in most
conditions. The low speed unit is designed to provide higher torque, to
optimize performance with the use of pans. However, either machine
can be configured to be non-overlapping or overlapping, and can
therefore use either two pans or ten finishing blades.
All WACKER Riding Trowels are equipped with a fail-safe kill circuit
and a low oil shutdown added job safety and engine protection.
Operating time between fuel refills is approximately 4–4½ hours with
rotor speeds between 80 and 120 rpm.
WACKER Riding Trowels are the most technically advanced trowels
on the market today. With proper maintenance and use, your Riding
Trowel will provide you with exceptional service.
Operation CRT 48-31V-ES
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4.2 Features and Controls
The Riding Trowel features a seat with an integrated “operator
presence” system, which works in conjunction with a throttle mounted
switch. This system allows the engine to remain running (idling) with
no operator seated in the seat, as long as the throttle is not depressed.
This system meets all safety requirements and eliminates the need for
a foot-operated “kill switch”.
Ref. Description Ref. Description
a Right pitch control q Work light switch
b Water tank r DC accessory outlet
c Joystick s Engine keyswitch
d Operator’s seat with “operator
presence” switch
t Hour meter
e Left pitch control u Water spray control
f Rear work light (one each side) v Oil pressure indicator light
g Control panel w Alternator charging indicator light
h Fuel tank x Coolant temperature indicator
light
m Work light (one each side) y Status OK indicator light (green)
n Foot pedal (throttle control) z Status error indicator light (red)
o Engine choke control
CRT 48-31V-ES Operation
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To familiarize a new operator with the Riding Trowel the following
steps should be taken:
4.2.1 With the operator in the seat, show him or her the functions of the
joysticks (c) and how to start the machine.
4.2.2 Have the operator practice steering the trowel. A hard concrete slab
slightly wetted with water is an ideal place for an operator to practice
with the machine. For this practice, pitch the blades up approximately
¼" on the leading edge. Start by making the machine hover in one
spot, and then practice driving the machine in a straight line and
making 180° turns. The best control is achieved at full rpm.
4.3 New Machines
See Graphic: wc_gr001252
4.3.1 To break in the gearboxes, run the engine at 50% of full throttle for the
first 2–4 hours. This will prevent premature wear and extend gear life.
NOTICE: Running the engine at full throttle during the break-in period
could result in premature gear failure.
4.3.2 Verify that the the horizontal blade pitch links are properly assembled.
When seated on the machine, the right rotor should have an “R”
designation located towards the upper portion of the pitch link and the
left rotor should have an “L”.
Operation CRT 48-31V-ES
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4.4 Before Starting
Before starting the trowel, check the following:
• fuel level
• oil level in the engine
• condition of the air filter
• condition of trowel arms and blades
Grease the trowel arms daily.
4.5 Starting
Before starting the operator must know the location and function of all
controls.
4.5.1 Push down on the throttle foot pedal, turn the engine keyswitch (s),
and hold it until the engine starts.
Note: If the engine is cold, pull out the choke control knob fully.
NOTICE: Cranking the engine for more than 5 seconds can cause
starter damage. If the engine fails to start, release the keyswitch and
wait 10 seconds before operating the starter again.
Note: The engine has an oil alert switch designed to stop the engine
automatically if the oil level gets too low. If engine will not start, or stops
during operation, check engine oil level.
4.5.2 Allow the engine to warm up before operating the trowel.
4.6 Stopping
To stop trowel movement, return joystick(s) or control levers to their
neutral position and release pressure on the throttle foot pedal.
To stop the engine, turn the keyswitch to “O” (off).
CRT 48-31V-ES Operation
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4.7 Operation
To utilize your WACKER Riding Trowel to its fullest capacity, the
machine should be driven in the direction that the operator is facing.
This will finish the widest possible area, while giving the operator an
excellent view of the slab surface about to be troweled. When the
machine reaches the end of the slab, make a 180° U-turn, and repeat
the straight line of direction to the other end of the slab.
Note: During the break-in period, run the engine at 50% of full throttle.
Refer to Section New Machines.
NOTICE: DO NOT use excessive pressure on the control levers.
Excessive pressure does not increase the reaction time of the machine
and can damage the steering controls.
NOTICE: Attempting to use the trowel too early in the curing stage of
the concrete may result in an undesirable finish. Only experienced
concrete finishers should operate the trowel.
Operation CRT 48-31V-ES
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4.8 Steering
See Graphic: wc_gr000688
Refer to the illustration for the necessary hand motions to move the
trowel in the desired direction, described below.
1 - forward
2 - reverse
3 - rotate clockwise
4 - rotate counter-clockwise
5 - left sideways
6 - right sideways
CRT 48-31V-ES Operation
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4.9 Status Indicator Lights
See Graphic: wc_gr001496
During normal operation, the green status indicator light will remain on.
A flashing green light indicates the software is operating in “limp home”
mode. This can occur if a load pin is damaged or has an open or short
circuit in the wire harness. The “limp home” mode is designed to allow
the operator to continue steering the trowel at a reduced level until a
repair can be made. The trowel is calibrated at the factory and should
not normally require calibrating. However, if a damaged load pin is
detected, calibration may be required. Calibration may be done by
contacting your local WACKER authorized service dealer.
The red status indicator light is used to flash error codes for
troubleshooting. See chart below for error codes (listed in priority) and
descriptions. The error code will continue to flash until the error is
corrected. Multiple errors will flash in order of priority. After the first
error is corrected the second error will flash and so on, until all errors
are corrected.
Ref. Description Ref. Description
111 Right control fault 231 Left load pin open circuit
121 Side control fault 232 Left load pin short circuit
131 Left control fault 311 Right joystick open circuit
211 Right load pin open circuit 312 Right joystick short circuit
212 Right load pin short circuit 321 Left joystick open circuit
213 Right load pin bent 322 Left joystick short circuit
221 Side load pin open circuit 414 Control board over temperature
(above 80° C / 176° F)
222 Side load pin short circuit 415 Low battery voltage
223 Side load pin bent
Operation CRT 48-31V-ES
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Ref. Description Ref. Description
1 Right actuator 6 Left load pin
2 Side actuator 7 Left joystick
3 Left actuator 8 Right joystick
4 Right load pin 9 Control board
5 Side load pin 10 Status lights
CRT 48-31V-ES Operation
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4.10 Pitch Adjustment
See Graphic: wc_gr000147
When changing or setting the pitch (angle) of the trowel blades, slow
the machine, set the desired pitch on the left side of the machine, then
adjust the right side to match.
To increase the pitch, turn the pitch control inward (a). Use the pitch
indicator (b) to adjust pitch equally on both right and left trowel blades.
Working Conditions of
Concrete
Suggested Working
Pitch
1. Wet surface working stage Flat (No Pitch)
2. Wet to plastic working
stage
Slight Pitch
3. Semi-hard working stage Additional Pitch
4. Hard finishing stage
(burnishing)
Maximum Pitch
5-10º
15º
0°
25°
4
3
2
1
wc_gr000147
a
b
20-25º
Maintenance CRT 48-31V-ES
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5. Maintenance
5.1 Periodic Maintenance Schedule
The chart below lists basic trowel and engine maintenance. Refer to engine manufacturer’s
Operator’s Manual for additional information on engine maintenance. A copy of the engine
Operator’s Manual was supplied with the machine when it was shipped. To service the engine, tilt
the seat forward.
Daily Every
20
hrs.
Every
50
hrs.
Every
100
hrs.
Every
200
hrs.
Every
300
hrs.
Grease trowel arms.
Check fuel level.
Check engine oil level.
1
Inspect air filter. Replace as needed.
Check external hardware.
Pressure wash all surfaces until free of
concrete.
2
Check coolant level.
Check oil level in gearboxes.
Grease gearbox input shaft fitting
Grease control linkage.
3
Check drive belt for wear.
Change engine oil.
4
Check fuel filter.
Clean and check spark plug.
Replace oil filter.
Check fan belt.
Replace spark plug.
Replace fuel filter.
Replace gearbox pressure relief valve.
Replace oil in gearboxes.
Change coolant.
1
Check engine oil twice daily (every 4 hours).
2
Pressure wash immediately after use.
3
Manual steering models only.
4
Change engine oil after first 20 hours of operation.
CRT 48-31V-ES Maintenance
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5.2 Trowel Gearboxes
See Graphic: wc_gr000156
Check the gearboxes for the correct oil level after every 20 hours of
operation. Change the gearbox oil every 300 hours.
To check the oil level:
Each CRT gearbox is equipped with two oil fill plugs. Remove one
gearbox oil fill plug (b). If the level is below the threads of the oil fill plug
hole, add synthetic gear oil through the opening. DO NOT overfill.
Wipe the threads dry on both the gearbox and the oil fill plug, apply
Loctite 545 or equivalent to the oil fill plug threads, replace the oil fill
plug and torque to 16–20 Nm (12–15 ft.lbs.).
NOTICE: DO NOT mix types of gear oil. DO NOT overfill the gearbox
with oil. Damage to the gearbox may occur if oils are mixed, or if the
gearbox is overfilled. See Technical Data for oil quantity and type.
To change gearbox oil:
5.2.1 Place a container of sufficient capacity (approximately 3.8 l [1 gallon])
under each gearbox.
5.2.2 Remove the gearbox oil drain plug (c) and allow the oil to drain out. It
may be necessary to remove the gearbox oil fill plug(s) to facilitate
draining. After most of the oil has drained out, tip the back of the trowel
upwards to allow the remaining oil to drain out.
5.2.3 After all the oil has drained out, wipe the threads dry on both the
gearbox and the oil drain plug, apply Loctite 545 or equivalent to the oil
drain plug threads, and replace the gearbox oil drain plug.
Note: Dispose of used gear oil in accordance with environmental
protection legislation.
5.2.4 With the trowel level, fill the gearbox with approximately 1.83 l (62 oz.)
synthetic gear oil through the oil fill plug as described above.
5.2.5 Wipe the threads dry on both the gearbox and the oil fill plug, apply
Loctite 545 or equivalent to the oil fill plug threads, replace the oil fill
plug(s), and torque all plugs to 16-20Nm (12–15 ft.lbs.).
Each gearbox has a pressure relief valve (a) which can become
clogged over time and should be replaced every 300 hours. Failure to
replace the valve can result in oil leakage from the gearbox shaft seals.
Maintenance CRT 48-31V-ES
wc_tx000144gb.fm 28
5.3 Switching Blade Positions
See Graphic: wc_gr000255
To switch the position of the blades from the non-overlapping position
(f) to the overlapping position (g):
5.3.1 Place the trowel on a flat, level surface.
5.3.2 Remove the screws (a) holding the blade to the trowel arm.
5.3.3 CRT 48 only - Remove the plastic plug from the off-set screw hole (b)
and place it into screw hole (c) to prevent it from filling with concrete.
5.3.4 Raise the trowel very slightly to take the weight off of the blades. Use
a fork lift or dolly jacks.
5.3.5 Slide the blades to align them with the screw holes (d).
Trowel blades may be sharp! Use adequate protection to keep from
cutting skin or clothing!
5.3.6 Lower the trowel so the arms are securely against the blades.
5.3.7 Secure the screws into the screw holes (d). Dip the threads of the
screws in grease prior to installation. This will prevent concrete from
cementing the screws in place and make removal of the blades easier
later on.
Note: Do not operate the trowel unless all blades are either in the
overlapping or non-overlapping position.
To switch the position of the blades from overlapping to nonoverlapping, reverse the process.
Blade Arm Adjustment Procedure
To eliminate wobble:
5.3.1 Pitch the blades flat.
5.3.2 Tighten lock nut located at the bottom of each pitch cable. Maximum
cable play should be no more than 3.18 mm (.125”) or the width of the
cable.
5.3.3 Set gap on all adjustable links to 4.58 mm (.180”).
CAUTION
CRT 48-31V-ES Maintenance
wc_tx000144gb.fm 29
5.4 Mounting Float Pans
See Graphic: wc_gr000275
Certain applications may require the use of float pans. Optional float
pans (a) are available, and are used with the machines in the nonoverlapping configuration only.
To mount float pans:
Lift trowel off the ground with the engine off and position the pan
against the blades. Turn pan either to the right or left to engage clip
angles (b) as shown. Remember, the right-hand trowel blades turn
counterclockwise; the left-hand blades turn clockwise.
5.5 Transporting Trowels
See Graphic: wc_gr000697
To lift the trowel with a fork lift:
Fork lift pockets (a) are provided on both the front and back of the
machine. Carefully run the fork lift’s forks into either set of fork lift
pockets.
To hoist the trowel:
Attach a sling or chains through the lifting bars (b) on each side of the
seat pedestal.
NOTICE: Make sure the lifting device has enough weight-bearing
capacity to lift machine safely. Refer to Section Technical Data.
DO NOT lift the trowel by the guard rings or any part of the trowel other
than the lifting fixture, as the component may fail, causing the trowel to
fall, possibly injuring bystanders.
WARNING
Maintenance CRT 48-31V-ES
wc_tx000144gb.fm 30
5.6 Drive Belt
0009482 Revs. 123 and higher See Graphic: wc_gr003665
0009216, 0009482 Revs. 122 and lower See Graphic: wc_gr000152
To replace the drive belt:
5.6.1 Place the trowel on a flat, level surface with the blades pitched flat.
5.6.2 Disconnect battery.
5.6.3 Remove the beltguard.
Honda / Kohler:
Remove bolts holding guard in place.
Vanguard:
Remove two bolts holding base of air cleaner to beltguard. Remove
two bolts holding beltguard to engine.
5.6.4 Remove 2 bolts (d), washers (e) and nuts (f) from each bearing flange.
5.6.5 Remove the 4 bolts (b) holding each inside universal joint to the shaft
fitting. Remove universal joints and shims (if included) from ends of
drive shaft.
5.6.6 Lift the drive pulley up far enough to slide belt past.
5.6.7 Remove the old belt and install a new one.
5.6.8 Reverse the procedure for assembly. Align the bearings and shaft as
straight as possible. Adjust pulley offset and center distance to values
as shown.
5.6.9 Torque the bearing bolts (d) to 99±10 ft.lbs. Torque the universal joint
bolts (b) to 10±1 ft.lbs.
CRT 48-31V-ES Maintenance
wc_tx000144gb.fm 31
Maintenance CRT 48-31V-ES
wc_tx000144gb.fm 32
5.7 Battery Jump Start Procedure
Occasionally, it may be necessary to jump start a weak battery. If jump
starting is necessary, the following procedure is recommended to
prevent starter damage, battery damage, and personal injuries.
Jump starting a battery incorrectly can cause battery to explode,
resulting in severe personal injury or death. Do not smoke or allow
ignition sources near the battery, and do not jump start a frozen
battery.
Electrical arcing can cause severe personal injury. Do not allow
positive and negative cable ends to touch.
5.7.1 Disconnect engine load.
5.7.2 Use a battery of the same voltage (12V) as is used with your engine.
5.7.3 Attach one end of the positive booster cable (red) to the positive (+)
terminal of the booster battery. Attach the other end to the positive
terminal of your engine battery.
5.7.4 Attach one end of the negative booster cable (black) to the negative
5.7.5 (–) terminal of the booster battery. Attach other end of negative cable
to a solid chassis ground on your engine.
NOTICE: Jump starting in any other manner may result in damage to
the battery or the electrical system.
5.7.6 Push down on the throttle foot pedal, turn the engine keyswitch and
hold it until the engine starts.
NOTICE: Cranking the engine for more than 5 seconds can cause
starter damage. If the engine fails to start, release the keyswitch and
wait 10 seconds before operating the starter again.
NOTICE: When using lights or high amperage draw accessories, idle
the engine for a period of 20 minutes to bring the battery to charge
state.
DANGER
WARNING
CRT 48-31V-ES Maintenance
wc_tx000144gb.fm 33
5.8 Spark Plug
Clean or replace spark plug as needed to ensure proper operation.
Refer to the engine Owner’s Manual.
Recommended Plug: Champion RC12YC
The muffler and engine cylinder become very hot during operation and
remain hot for a while after stopping the engine. Allow engine to cool
before removing spark plug.
5.8.1 Remove spark plug and inspect it.
5.8.2 Replace plug if the insulator is cracked or chipped. Clean spark plug
electrodes with a wire brush.
5.8.3 Set gap to 0.76 mm (0.030 in).
5.8.4 Tighten spark plug securely.
NOTICE: A loose spark plug can become very hot and may cause
engine damage.
WARNING
Maintenance CRT 48-31V-ES
wc_tx000144gb.fm 34
5.9 Air Cleaner
See Graphic: wc_gr000216
To service:
5.9.1 Unlock clamps (d) and remove cover (c).
5.9.2 Remove cartridge (b) from air cleaner body (a).
Clean by gently tapping cartridge. (Replace cartridge if very dirty or
damaged.)
5.9.3 Carefully clean out air cleaner cover (c).
NEVER use gasoline or other types of low flash point solvents for
cleaning the air cleaner. A fire of explosion could result.
5.9.4 Install cartridge in body
5.9.5 Install cover and lock clamps.
NOTICE: NEVER run engine without air cleaner. Severe engine
damage will occur.
WARNING
CRT 48-31V-ES Maintenance
wc_tx000144gb.fm 35
5.10 Engine Oil
See Graphic: wc_gr000217
Drain oil while engine is still warm.
5.10.1 Remove oil fill cap (a) and drain plug (b) to drain oil.
Note: In the interests of environmental protection, place a plastic sheet
and a container under the machine to collect any liquid which drains
off. Dispose of this liquid in accordance with environmental protection
legislation.
5.10.2 Install drain plug and torque to 34.6 Nm (25.5 ft.lbs.).
5.10.3 Fill engine crankcase with recommended oil until the level is between
“L” and “F” on the dipstick (c).
Oil capacity: 3 l (3.2 qt.).
5.10.4 Install oil fill cap.
5.10.5 To replace the oil filter (d), remove the installed oil filter after oil has
been drained. Apply a thin coat of oil to the rubber gasket of the
replacement oil filter. Screw the filter on until it just contacts the filter
adapter, then turn it an additional ½ turn. Refill with oil as described
above.
Maintenance CRT 48-31V-ES
wc_tx000144gb.fm 36
5.11 Troubleshooting
Problem Reason Remedy
Engine does not start. Operator present switch is not
engaged.
Sit in operator's seat.
Oil alert shutdown feature is
activated.
Add oil to engine.
Engine problem. Oil alert shutdown feature is
activated.
Machine out of balance;
wobbling excessively.
Operator is over-steering. The movement of each
gearbox is controlled by
“stops” to provide the correct
relationship of the control arm
movement to machine
movement. Excessive
pressure on control arms in
any direction will not increase
reaction time and can
damage steering controls
causing machine to wobble.
Trowel arm(s) bent. Replace trowel arm(s).
Trowel blade(s) bent. Replace trowel blade(s).
Main shaft(s) bent due to
machine being dropped.
Replace main shafts(s).
Machine does not move. Drive belt broken. Replace drive belt.
Vacuum between bottom of
blades and surface of
concrete.
Change pitch on blades to
break suction.
Key sheared in the main
shaft.
Replace damaged key.
CRT 48-31V-ES Maintenance
wc_tx000144gb.fm 37
Machine does not respond
correctly to control lever
movement.
Sheared key. Check all keys in drive
system.
Loose electrical connector on
actuator or joystick.
Check all connections.
Electronic control board
failure.
Replace electronic control
board.
Trowel noisy. Trowel blades have become
misaligned and are contacting
each other during rotation.
Replace damaged blades.
Align blades so that one set
represents a (+) and the other
an (x) when viewed from
above.
Sheared key. Check all keys in drive
system.
Loose clutch. Tighten clutch.
Problem Reason Remedy
Maintenance CRT 48-31V-ES
wc_tx000144gb.fm 38
Notes
SAFETY ALERT SYMBOL
This Safety Alert Symbol means
ATTENTION is required!
The Safety Alert Symbol identifies important safety
messages on machines, safety signs, in manuals
or elsewhere. When you see this symbol, be alert
to the possibility of personal injury or death. Follow
the instructions in the safety message.
Why is SAFETY important to YOU?
3 BIG REASONS
• Accidents KILL or DISABLE
• Accidents COST
• Accidents CAN BE AVOIDED
1
NOTICE OF COPYRIGHT PROTECTION
AEM Safety Manuals are protected as a copyrighted work with
ownership duly registered with the Copyright Office,
Washington, D.C. Any reproduction, translation, decompiling or
other use of an AEM Safety Manual, or portion thereof, or the
creation of derivative works based on an AEM Safety Manual,
without the prior written approval of AEM is expressly prohibited.
Copyright infringement can result in civil and criminal sanctions,
damages and other penalties being imposed.
Copyright © 2003 – Association of Equipment Manufacturers
!
Trowel.qxd 11/24/04 10:18 AM Page 1
U.S. Department of Labor publishes Safety and
Health Regulations and Standards under the
authority of the Occupational Safety and Health Act
for the General Construction and Mining Industries.
Its address is: U.S. Department of Labor,
Washington, DC 20210 (www.OSHA.gov and
www.MSHA.gov).
ANSI – American National Standards Institute, c/o
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers,
United Engineering Center, 345 East 47th Street,
New York, NY 10017 (www.ANSI.org).
ISO – International Standards Organization,
1, rue de Varembe Case postale 56, CH-1211
Geneva 20, Switzerland (www.ISO.ch).
SAE – Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.,
400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096,
publishes a list, “Operator Precautions” SAE J153
MAY 87 (www.SAE.org).
AEM – Association of Equipment Manufacturers,
111 East Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53202
(www.AEM.org).
WORD OF EXPLANATION
2
The following is a partial list of reference material on safe operating practices:
Trowel.qxd 11/24/04 10:18 AM Page 2
3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
WORD OF EXPLANATION ................................................................2
FOREWORD........................................................................................4
A WORD TO THE USER ....................................................................5
FOLLOW A SAFETY PROGRAM ......................................................6
PREPARE FOR SAFE OPERATION ..................................................7
START SAFELY ................................................................................11
WORK SAFELY ................................................................................13
SHUT DOWN SAFELY ......................................................................15
LOAD AND UNLOAD SAFELY ........................................................16
PERFORM MAINTENANCE SAFELY ..............................................17
TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE..............................................................22
A FINAL WORD TO THE USER........................................................23
Trowel.qxd 11/24/04 10:18 AM Page 3
This safety manual is intended to point out some of
the basic situations which may be encountered
during the normal operation and maintenance of
your walk-behind or ride-on concrete power trowel
and to suggest possible ways of dealing with these
conditions.
Additional precautions may be necessary,
depending on application and attachments used
and conditions at the work site or in the
maintenance area.
The trowel manufacturer has no direct control over
machine application, operation, inspection,
lubrication, or maintenance. Therefore, it is your
responsibility to use good safety practices in these
areas.
Do not use the trowel for any purpose other than its
intended purposes or applications.
The information provided in this manual
supplements the specific information about your
machine and its application that is contained in the
manufacturer’s manual(s).
Other information which may affect the safe
operation of your machine may be displayed on
safety signs, or in insurance requirements,
employer’s safety programs, safety codes, local,
state/provincial, and federal laws, rules, and
regulations.
If you do not understand any of this information, or
if errors or contradictions seem to exist, consult
with your supervisor before operating your trowel!
IMPORTANT: If you do not have the
manufacturer’s manual(s) for your particular
machine, get a replacement manual from your
employer, equipment dealer, or manufacturer of
your machine. Keep this safety manual and the
manufacturer’s manual(s) accessible to the
operator and maintenance personnel.
FOREWORD
4
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Remember that YOU are the key to safety. Good
safety practices not only protect you but also
protect the people around you. It is your
responsibility to study this manual and the
manufacturer’s manual(s) for your specific machine
before operating your machine. Make them a
working part of your safety program. Keep in mind
that this safety manual is written for concrete power
trowels only. Practice all other usual and customary
safe working precautions, and above all –
REMEMBER – SAFETY IS UP TO YOU
YOU CAN PREVENT SERIOUS
INJURY OR DEATH
A WORD TO THE USER
5
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EQUIPMENT/CLOTHING
Consult your supervisor for specific instructions on
a job, and the personal safety equipment required.
For instance, you may need:
• Hard Hat
• Heavy Gloves
• Eye Protection
• Ear Protectors
• Safety Shoes
• Dust Mask or Respirator
Do not wear loose clothing or any accessory –
flopping cuffs, dangling neckties and scarves, or
jewelry – that can catch in moving parts.
DUST PRECAUTION
Some dust created by construction activities may
cause silicosis or respiratory harm.
Your risk of exposure varies depending on how
often you do this type of work. To reduce your risk,
work in a well ventilated area, use a dust control
system, and wear approved personal safety
equipment such as a dust/particle respirator
designed to filter out microscopic particles.
FOLLOW A SAFETY PROGRAM
6
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LEARN TO BE SAFE
• Read the operator’s
manual. If one has not
been provided, get one and
study it before operating
the equipment.
• Learn the location and
understand the functions of
all controls before
attempting to operate the
equipment.
• Know the meaning of all identification symbols on
the controls and gauges.
• Check to determine that the manufacturer’s
furnished safety warning labels are securely
attached to the trowel and all warnings can
clearly read. Replace labels and decals if they
are missing or become worn or unreadable.
• Know the location and type of emergency shutdown control the trowel is equipped with.
• Never start or operate the trowel without
protective guards and panels in place.
• Know the capabilities and limitations of the
trowel.
SAFETY DEVICES
Know what safety devices your trowel is equipped
with … and see that each item is securely in place
and in operating condition.
For example:
• Emergency stop switch or other “Shut-Down”
devices
• Guards, Shields & Panels
• Alarms or Warning Lamps
• Drain Covers, Plugs, and Caps
• Pressure Relief Devices
• Lights
7
PREPARE FOR SAFE OPERATION
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PRE-OPERATIONAL CHECKS
Walk around the trowel. Carefully inspect for
evidence of physical damage, such as cracks,
bends, or deformation of plates and welds. Check
for loose, broken or missing parts on the trowel,
including brackets, vibration isolators, nuts and
bolts. Hardware should be replaced with original
equipment manufacturer’s (OEM) parts, and should
be properly tightened to the manufacturer’s
recommendations.
Remove all trash and debris from the trowel. Make
sure oily rags, leaves, or other flammable material
are removed and not stored on the trowel. Avoid
potential fire hazards!
Clean all oil or grease
from operator areas such
as control handles, foot
pedals, or platforms to
prevent slipping.
Check for fuel, oil, and
hydraulic fluid leaks. All
leaks must be corrected
before the trowel is
operated.
Inspect all hydraulic hoses for cracks or signs of
wear and replace if necessary. Secure all caps and
filler plugs for all systems.
Always use a a flashlight or shielded trouble light
when checking for leaks – never use an open
flame. Never check for hydraulic leaks with your
hand. Hydraulic systems are under high pressure
and leaks in these systems can penetrate the skin
which can result in serious injury or even death.
Always use a piece of cardboard or wood when
looking for hydraulic leaks.
Be sure the trowel is
properly lubricated. See
that the fuel, lubricating oil,
coolant and hydraulic
reservoirs are filled to the
proper levels with the
correct fluids according to
the manufacturer’s
instructions and
recommendations.
8
PREPARE FOR SAFE OPERATION
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FIRE PREVENTION
Always stop the engine and allow it to cool before
refueling.
Never refuel –
• When engine is running
• Near open flame or sparks
• While smoking
• In poorly ventilated areas
Never overfill fuel tanks or fluid reservoirs. In the
event of a fuel spill, do not attempt to start the
engine until the fuel residue has been completely
wiped up, and the area surrounding the engine is
dry. Replace fuel cap securely after refueling.
Inspect electrical wiring for damage or wear.
Batteries produce explosive gas. Keep open flame
or sparks away.
In case of accident or fire, be ready to act quickly,
yet calmly. Do not panic. Knowing ahead of time
where to locate a first aid kit, fire extinguisher, or to
get assistance will help should an emergency
situation come up.
CHECK THE WORK AREA
Learn – beforehand –
as much about your
working area as
possible.
Be observant of other
workers, bystanders
and other machinery
in the area. Keep all
unauthorized,
untrained people and
children out of the
area while the trowel
is in operation.
9
PREPARE FOR SAFE OPERATION
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CHECK THE AREA
Thoroughly check the area for unusual or
dangerous conditions, such as tools, or items that
may damage the trowel or be propelled by the
trowels rotating blades. Note where pipes and
forms are located. Locate and mark protrusions
(rebar, anchor bolts, floor drains, etc.) in the
concrete.
GETTING ON AND OFF A RIDE-ON TROWEL
If operating a ride-on trowel, mount and dismount
carefully. Use the steps and hand holds provided.
Do not use control levers as hand holds and never
use guard rings as steps. Watch for surfaces that
may be slippery. Never jump off a ride-on trowel.
OPERATING ON AN ELEVATED DECK
(MULTI-STORY OPERATION)
Consult local/state regulations before you operate
equipment on an elevated deck. If operating on an
elevated deck, ensure perimeter safety cabling of
proper size and strength is in place. Do not operate
the trowel close to the edge of the deck.
TRANSPORTING THE TROWEL
Never transport the trowel with float pans attached
unless safety catches are used and are specifically
cleared for such transport by the manufacturer.
Under no circumstances hoist the trowel more than
three feet off the ground with float pans attached.
Always consult the manufacturer’s operation
manual for specific information on transporting the
trowel.
10
PREPARE FOR SAFE OPERATION
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START CORRECTLY – START SAFELY
Before starting, check for proper functioning of all
operation and shutdown controls. Check all
controls to be sure they are in the correct startup
position. Know the proper starting procedure for
your trowel. Follow the manufacturer’s operational
instructions.
WALK-BEHIND TROWELS
• Ensure that the operator is familiar with the
trowel and is trained on its operation.
• Ensure the operator is well rested, not fatigued,
is alert, and not impaired in any way
(medications, drugs, alcohol, etc.).
• Do not start or operate the trowel if the drive train
will not disengage. Centrifugal force between the
trowel and surface when starting can cause
uncontrolled handle movement that can cause
serious injury. The handle must not move while
pulling the engine recoil starter.
• Visually check to be sure that the blades are free
of obstructions and the area is clear for
operation.
• For trowels that use this feature, ensure that the
emergency stop switch is in the ON position.
• Move the throttle to the idle position.
• Switch the engine ON/OFF switch to the ON
position.
• Never place your foot on the ring guard when
starting the engine or severe injury can occur if
your foot slips through the ring guard as the
blades start to spin.
• While firmly holding the handle with one hand,
start the engine following the guidelines in the
engine manufacturer’s instruction manual.
• Hold the handle bar firmly with both hands while
the trowel is “throttled-up”.
• If control of the trowel is lost, stay clear and do
not attempt to regain control until the trowel has
stopped moving. Depending on the engine
speed, the trowel handle can swing around
before it stops completely.
• You are ready to operate the trowel!
11
START SAFELY
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RIDE-ON TROWELS
• Ensure that the operator is familiar with the
trowel and is trained on its operation.
• Ensure the operator is well rested and not
fatigued, is alert, and not impaired in any way
(medications, drugs, alcohol, etc.).
• Adjust the seating if necessary and get into a
comfortable position where all controls are
accessible.
• Visually check to be sure that the blades are free
of obstructions and the area is clear for
operation.
• Start the trowel following the instructions in the
engine manufacturer’s operation manual. For
diesel powered trowels, follow the instructions for
glow plug and cold start operation.
• Observe any gauges and warning lights to
ensure they are functioning and their readings
are within the manufacturer’s normal operating
range.
• Check operation of controls. Make certain they
operate properly.
• You are ready to operate the trowel!
12
START SAFELY
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SAFE WORKING PROCEDURES
DANGER – CARBON MONOXIDE
Exhaust from the engine contains
poisonous carbon monoxide gas
that is not easily detected as it is
colorless and odorless. Exposure
to carbon monoxide can cause
loss of consciousness and may
lead to death! Do not operate
your trowel indoors or in an enclosed area unless
adequate ventilation is provided. Ensure that
permissible carbon monoxide levels are monitored
and not exceeded.
OTHER PRECAUTIONS
• Never leave the trowel unattended while it is
running.
• Always keep clear of rotating or moving parts.
• Never use additional weights other than the
weights recommended by the manufacturer. The
use of unauthorized weights could lead to
personal injury or damage to the trowel.
• Never fill the fuel tank while the engine is
running. Turn the engine off and allow it to cool
before refueling.
• The muffler, exhaust pipes and
other engine parts will become
hot during operation and will
remain hot for a while after
shutdown. Do not touch until
allowed to sufficiently cool. Do
not allow debris, rags, paper, or
leaves to accumulate around
these areas.
• Do not keep tools, buckets, loose materials on
the trowel while it is running and never allow
anyone other than the operator on or near the
trowel while it is in operation.
• Do not use the trowel for any purpose other than
its intended purposes or applications.
13
WORK SAFELY
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ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
Some walk-behind trowels are powered by electric
motors. Electric motors and components present
special hazards during operation. Read the
operator’s manual.
• Never operate a trowel with a damaged or worn
electrical cord. When using an extension cord, be
sure to use one heavy enough to carry the
current load. When trowel is used outdoors, use
only extension cords that are marked for outdoor
use.
• Use only appropriate
extension cords that have
grounding-type plugs and
receptacles that accept the
machine’s plug.
• Keep all electrical cords away from rotating
elements, heat, oil, and sharp edges to avoid
damaging them.
• Avoid body contact with grounded surfaces such
as pipes, metal railings, radiators and metal
ductwork.
• Always check the power supply before running
the trowel. Using the wrong voltage supply will
damage the motor.
• Always make sure the motor switch is OFF or in
the stop position before plugging the trowel into
the power supply.
• Do not operate an electric powered trowel in the
rain or snow. Keep the motor, switch, and
electrical cords dry.
• Never operate the trowel in areas exposed to
flammable or explosive liquids or gases. Sparks
could ignite fumes.
14
WORK SAFELY
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SHUT DOWN PROCEDURES
Never disable or disconnect the safety devices!
Always close fuel valves when the machine is not
being used.
Refer to the manufacturer’s manuals for specific
shut down procedures.
15
SHUT DOWN SAFELY
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PRECAUTIONS
• Power trowels are heavy and awkward to move
around.
• Do not attempt to lift the ride-on trowel by the
guard rings.
• Use proper heavy lifting procedures.
• Keep all non-essential personnel clear of the
area.
• Never hoist the trowel over areas where people
are standing or working.
• Remove tools and loose items before lifting.
• Make sure the crossbars on the safety catches
are in good condition if so equipped.
• Always consult your operator’s manual for the
best and proper lifting, loading, and unloading
methods.
WALK-BEHIND TROWELS
Some walk-behind trowels can be lifted or moved
by two people utilizing lifting tubes or other special
attachments. Generally however, they must be
lifted using lifting bales (special lifting brackets), or
other specific lifting points provided by the
manufacturer, and cranes, hoists, or forklifts. Be
certain any lifting devices used have adequate
capacity.
RIDE-ON TROWELS
Ride-on trowels are very heavy. They require
heavy-duty lifting devices such as cranes or heavyduty hoists to lift them on and off the concrete slab.
Be certain any lifting devices used have adequate
capacity. Some ride-on trowels are equipped with
lifting bosses that are used with specialized
apparatus to assist in moving the trowels around.
Use extreme care when lifting or moving a ride-on
trowel.
STORAGE
Always store equipment properly when it is not
being used. Equipment should be stored in a clean,
dry location out of reach of children.
LOAD AND UNLOAD SAFELY
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SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE SAFETY
Poorly maintained equipment
can become a safety hazard! In
order for your trowel to operate
safely and properly over a long
period of time, periodic
maintenance and occasional
repairs are necessary.
Do not attempt to clean,
service, or perform adjustments
on the trowel while it is running.
GOOD
HOUSEKEEPING
Keep area clean
and dry if possible.
Oily and wet
surfaces are
slippery; greasy
rags are a fire
hazard; wet spots
are dangerous
around electrical
equipment.
GENERAL PROCEDURES
Do not perform any work on the trowel unless you
are authorized to do so.
Standard maintenance procedures should always
be observed. Read the manufacturer’s manual or
find assistance if you do not understand what you
are doing.
Maintenance can be dangerous unless performed
properly. Be certain that you have the necessary
skill and information, correct tools and equipment
to do the job correctly.
Attach a Do Not Operate tag or
similar warning tag to the
control panel (or handle on
walk-behind trowels), and
disconnect the battery
(disconnect the spark plug wire
on walk-behind trowels), before
performing maintenance on the
machine.
Disconnect the electric cord on
electrical machines.
PERFORM MAINTENANCE SAFELY
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FORM GOOD DRESS HABITS
Loose clothing and jewelry can catch in moving
parts and cause serious injury.
Keep hands – and clothing – away from moving
parts.
GUARDS AND SAFETY DEVICES
After performing maintenance make certain all
guards and panels have been reinstalled and all
safety devices are functional.
BATTERY MAINTENANCE
Always wear eye and face
protection.
Batteries produce explosive gases.
Keep open flame or sparks away.
See the manufacturer’s instructions
when servicing the batteries, when
using jumper cables, or when using
a battery charger.
Use a flashlight to check battery
electrolyte level. Always check
with engine stopped.
Battery electrolyte is poisonous.
It is strong enough to burn your
skin, eat holes in clothing, and
can cause blindness if splashed
into eyes. Always wear eye and
face protection.
Flush any contacted area with water immediately.
PERFORM MAINTENANCE SAFELY
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FIRE PREVENTION
Avoid fire hazards.
Always stop the engine and allow it to cool before
you refuel the trowel. Do not refuel while smoking
or near open flame or sparks. Never overfill fuel
tanks or fluid reservoirs.
Remove all trash or debris. Make sure oily rags or
other flammable materials are not stored on or in
the trowel.
Check for fuel, oil, or hydraulic fluid leaks. Repair
the leaks and clean the machine before you
operate it.
Inspect electrical wiring or worn or frayed
insulation. Install new wiring if wires are damaged.
Do not weld or flame cut on pipes, tubes, or tanks
that contain flammable fluids or gases.
Ether and starting fluid is flammable. Do not smoke
when using. Always follow the instructions on the
can and in the manufacturer’s manual for your
trowel.
Always use a safe, nonflammable solvent when
you clean parts. Do not use flammable fluids or
fluids that give off harmful vapors.
Store all flammable fluids and materials away from
your work area.
Whenever the sparkplug is removed, do not test for
spark on gasoline powered engines if engine is
flooded or the smell of gasoline is present. A stray
spark could ignite fumes.
Know where fire extinguishers are kept – how they
operate – and for what type of fire they are
intended!
Check readiness of fire suppression systems and
fire detectors (is so equipped).
PERFORM MAINTENANCE SAFELY
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EXHAUST FUMES
Engine exhaust fumes can
cause sickness or death.
When performing
maintenance, if it is
necessary to run an engine
in an enclosed area, remove
the exhaust fumes from the
area when an exhaust pipe extension. If you do not
have an exhaust pipe extension, make sure you
open the doors and get outside air into the area.
Ensure that permissible carbon monoxide levels
are monitored and not exceeded.
FLUID SIPHONING
Never siphon gasoline or hydraulic fluid using a
hose and suction by mouth. Ingestion of these
fluids even in small amounts will require immediate
medical attention and can cause death.
COOLING SYSTEM
Maintain the cooling system
according to the
manufacturer’s instructions.
Hot coolant can spray out
and you can be burned if you
improperly maintain or
service the cooling system.
Remove filler cap only when
cool.
PERFORM MAINTENANCE SAFELY
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TROWEL BLADES AND PANS
• Do not attempt to clean, service or perform
adjustments on the trowel while it is running.
• Do not remove while the trowel is hanging
overhead. Always support the trowel securely on
a flat, level surface before changing blades or
pans.
• Always handle blades and pans carefully. Worn
blades or pans may develop sharp edges that
can cause serious cuts.
• Always replace worn or damaged parts with
service parts designated by the manufacturer.
• Replace blades and pans as a complete set –
even if only one blade or pan is showing wear or
damage. They can wear differently depending on
different jobs, and a difference in blade size will
damage the finish of the slab surface.
HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS
Hydraulic fluid systems operate under high
pressure. Even a small leak can have enough force
to penetrate the eyes or skin. If injury occurs, seek
immediate medical treatment by a physician
familiar with injuries that are caused by hydraulic oil
escaping under pressure.
Use a piece of wood or cardboard to find hydraulic
oil leaks. Do not use your bare hands.
Wear safety glasses to prevent injuries to the eyes.
PERFORM MAINTENANCE SAFELY
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Do you understand this AEM manual and items
such as –
• Your safety program?
• Your trowel manufacturer’s manual(s)?
• Proper clothing and personal safety equipment?
• Your trowel’s controls, warning signs and
devices, and safety equipment?
• Proper trowel lifting and moving procedures?
• How to inspect and start your trowel?
• How to check your trowel for proper operation?
• Proper working procedures?
• Proper shut down procedures?
• Your work area and any special hazards that
may exist?
• Under what conditions you should not operate
your trowel?
If you do not understand any of these items,
consult with your supervisor before operating your
trowel.
TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE
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Remember that YOU are the key to safety. Good
safety practices not only protect you but protect the
people around you.
You have read this safety manual and the
manufacturer’s manual(s) for your specific trowel.
Make them a working part of your safety program.
Keep in mind that this safety manual is written for
only this type of machine.
Practice all other usual and customary safe
working precautions, and above all –
REMEMBER – SAFETY IS UP TO YOU
YOU CAN PREVENT SERIOUS
INJURY OR DEATH
A FINAL WORD TO THE USER
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AEM_ConcretePowerTrowel.qxd 7/23/03 6:31 AM Page 1
2004-CE-CRT36_48-Q.fm
William Lahner Robert Motl
Vice President of Engineering Manager, Product Eng in eering
WACKER CORPORATION
Date / Datum / Fecha / Date
EC DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY
CE-KONFORMITÄTSERKLÄRUNG
DECLARACIÓN DE CONFORMIDAD DE LA CE
DÉCLARATION DE CONFORMITÉ C.E.
WACKER CORPORATION, N92 W15000 ANTHONY AVENUE, MENOMONEE FALLS, WISCONSIN USA
hereby certifies that the construction equipment specified hereunder / bescheinigt, daß das Baugerät / certifica que la máquina de
construcción / atteste que le matériel :
1. Category / Art / Categoría / Catégorie
Ride-On Trow els
Besitzbare Flügelglätter
Alisadoras Dobles
Truelles auto portées
2. Type - Typ - Tipo - Type
CRT 36, CRT 48
3. Item number of equipment / Artikelnummer / Número de referencia de la máquina / Numéro de référence du matériel :
0009083, 0009232, 0009483, 0620027, 0009084, 0009085, 0009086, 0009216, 0009481, 0009482
has been produced in accordance with the following standards:
in Übereinstimmung mit folgenden Richtlinien hergestellt worden ist:
ha sido fabricado en conformidad con las siguientes normas:
a été produit conforme aux dispositions des directives européennes ci-après :
98/37/EC
89/336/EC
pr EN 12649
AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
BEVOLLMÄCHTIGTER VERTRETER FÜR DIE EUROPÄISCHE GEMEINSCHAFT
REPRESENTANTE AUTORIZADO EN LA UNIÓN EUROPEA
REPRÉSENTANT AGRÉÉ AUPRÈS DE L’UNION EUROPÉENNE
WACKER CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT AG
Preußenstraße 41
80809 München
18.08.04
Wacker Construction Equipment AG · Preußenstraße 41 · D-80809 München · Tel.: +49-(0)89-3 54 02 - 0 · Fax: +49 - (0)89-3 54 02-3 90
Wacker Corporation · P.O. Box 9007 · Menomonee Falls, WI 53052-9007 · Tel. : (262) 255-0500 · Fax: (262) 255-0550 · Tel. : (800) 770-0957
Wacker Asia Pacific Operations · Skyline Tower, Suite 2303, 23/F · 39 Wang Kwong Road, Kowloon Bay , Hong Kong · Tel. +852 2406 60 32 · Fax: +852 2406 60 21
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