Vyyo V3000-A, V3000-C User Manual
WMTS T1 Access
Concentrator
V3000
Network Release 3.6
P/N: 3BR-0014A
System Configuration
Guide
Manual Version: 1.1.15
Copyright and Trademark Information:
© 2005 Vyyo Inc. All rights reserved.
Vyyo Inc. reserves the right to alter the equipment specifications and descriptions in this publication without
prior notice. No part of this publication shall be deemed part of any contract or warranty unless specifically
incorporated by reference into such contract or warranty.
The information contained herein is merely descriptive in nature, and does not constitute a binding offer for
the sale of the product described herein. Any use of the Vyyo Inc. logo or trademarks is forbidden without
prior written approval from Vyyo Inc.
All trademarks mentioned herein are the property of their respective owners.
Table Of Contents
Table Of Contents................................................................................ 3
Installation and Safety Information ...................................................... 7
Chapter 1. System Configuration Introduction.................................. 10
1.1 Overview...............................................................................................10
1.2 Equipment Capabilities.........................................................................13
1.3 WMTS...................................................................................................13
1.4 Modems................................................................................................16
1.4.1 Modems with DOCSIS and IP only................................................16
1.4.2 Modems with DOCSIS, IP and E1/T1............................................17
1.4.3 Modems with DOCSIS, IP and PSTN............................................18
1.4.4 Modems with DOCSIS and IP Only With Built in UHF Radio ........19
1.5 Modem Capabilities Matrix ...................................................................20
Chapter 2. Configuration Overview................................................... 21
2.1 Network Servers ...................................................................................21
2.1.1 DHCP Server.................................................................................21
2.1.2 TFTP Server..................................................................................21
2.1.3 Time-of-Day (TOD) Server ............................................................21
2.2 RF Link Layer .......................................................................................21
2.3 DOCSIS Layer......................................................................................22
2.4 IP Layer ................................................................................................23
2.5 E1/T1 Layer ..........................................................................................24
2.6 Configuration Tools and Files Matrix ....................................................26
Chapter 3. The Modem Initialization Process ................................... 28
3.1 Modem Initialization Sequence .....................................................28
3.1.1 Power-On Self Test ..........................................................................28
3.1.2 Downstream Synchronization.............................................................29
3.1.3 Obtaining Upstream Parameters ........................................................29
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Table Of Contents – p. 4
3.1.4 Ranging ..........................................................................................29
3.1.5 Establish IP Connectivity ...................................................................29
3.1.6 Establish Time of Day .......................................................................30
3.1.7 Transfer Operational Parameters .......................................................30
3.1.8 Registration .....................................................................................30
3.1.9 Baseline Privacy Initialization (BPI).....................................................30
Chapter 4. Overview of the WMTS and Modem Configuration ........ 31
Chapter 5. Adding a Modem to the WMTS....................................... 34
5.1 Editing the Modem Configuration File...................................................35
5.1.1 Setting the Upstream Channel ......................................................35
5.1.2 Setting the Downstream Frequency ..............................................38
5.1.3 Setting Concatenation and Fragmentation Capabilities.................39
5.1.4 Setting Upstream QoS (Class of Service) for IP Data ...................40
5.1.5 Setting Additional Downstream and Upstream Channels ..............41
5.1.6 Setting the Maximum Number of CPEs .........................................42
5.2 DHCP Settings for the Modem .............................................................43
5.2.1 IpLease DHCP Server: Editing and running the CM.SRC File ......43
5.2.2 Windows 200x Server Edition: Modifying the DHCP Options .......48
5.3 Configuring the WMTS .........................................................................57
5.3.1 Setting the WMTS Upstream Parameters .....................................57
5.3.2 Setting the WMTS Downstream Parameters.................................60
5.4 Setting the Modem’s Downstream Frequency ......................................62
5.5 Verifying the Modem Downstream and Upstream Status .....................69
5.6 Using an HTTP Connection to View Modem Operation........................71
5.6.1 Viewing the internal modem HTML pages:....................................71
5.6.2 Viewing the Connection Page .......................................................73
5.6.3 Viewing the Software Page ...........................................................74
5.6.4 Viewing the Security Page.............................................................75
Chapter 6. Configuring a T1 Connection .......................................... 76
6.1 Configure the Modem for T1 Operation ................................................77
6.2 Adding the T1 modem to the WMTS T1 Interface and Assign Port(s) ..85
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Table Of Contents – p. 5
Chapter 7. Setting the WMTS IP Address ........................................ 93
Chapter 8. Installing Vyyo Servers for WMTS Operation ............... 106
8.1 Installing The Time Server:.................................................................106
8.2 Installing the Pumpkin TFTP Server: ..................................................106
8.3 Installing IPLease DHCP Server:........................................................ 109
8.3.1 dhcpsvr.ini ...................................................................................109
8.3.2 cm.src..........................................................................................110
8.3.3 Dhcpgen ......................................................................................112
8.3.4 DhcpSvr:......................................................................................115
Chapter 9. Maintenance and Troubleshooting................................ 116
9.1 Introduction.........................................................................................116
9.2 Troubleshooting the RF Frontend.......................................................116
9.2.1 General........................................................................................116
9.2.2 Checking the Downstream ..........................................................117
9.2.3 Checking the Upstream ...............................................................118
Chapter 10. Troubleshooting The Subscriber Site ..................... 119
10.1 Post-Registration Verification .............................................................119
10.2 Physical Layer Troubleshooting.......................................................... 119
10.3 IF Layer Troubleshooting....................................................................119
10.4 Troubleshooting the NMS ...................................................................120
10.5 Repairs Safety ....................................................................................121
Appendix A. WMTS US Port Mapping ........................................ 122
Appendix B. Checking the WMTS Version.................................. 123
Appendix C. Installing and Uninstalling the NMS........................ 126
C.1 First Time Installation.......................................................................... 126
C.2 Launching the Vyyo NMS ...................................................................126
C.3 Installation Upgrade............................................................................126
C.4 Uninstalling the NMS ..........................................................................127
Appendix D. Launching the Vyyo Configuration Tool.................. 128
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D.1 The Vyyo Configuration Tool Menu (exploded view) ..............................129
D.2 Launching the Vyyo Configuration Tool from the “Start” Menu ............... 130
D.3 Launching the Vyyo Configuration Tool from the NMS ........................... 133
Appendix E: Vyyo Configuration Tool – Additional Functions ......... 136
E.1 Adding and Deleting a Modem ........................................................... 136
INDEX 137
Installation and Safety Information
The following information is provided to ensure
safe operation of this equipment. Vyyo
assumes no liability in the event that the
customer fails to comply with the following
safety precautions and warnings.
System Power-on
AC System
DC System
AC System Power
The WMTS power supplies are factory wired for 115 ~ 220 VAC (2 X
200W). A power cords are provided to connect the unit to the power
source. To operate the WMTS, turn ON the power switch at the rear panel.
Warning!
Set the fuse selector on the rear panel to the proper position
(110V or 220V), before plugging in the power cord, or turning on the
WMTS.
DC System Power
1. When connecting DC power lines make sure to connect Ground line
first.
2. When disconnecting DC power lines – make sure to disconnect ground
last.
3.External Circuit Breaker (DuPole) should be used before
connection/removal of the power cable to/from the WMTS.
4. FUSE Replacement – Make sure to use same type and value fuse !
Note that UL requires use of AC ceramic high breaking capacity 10Amp
fuse.
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Installation and Safety Information – p. 8
Earthing
General
The minimum cross sectional area of the protective
earthing should be 1mm2 .
T1 Cable
General
T1 cable to be used with WMTS T1 ports is only 26AWG
communication cable (the common cable for this application).
Repairs Safety
General
1. Repairs of WMTS should take place only in Vyyo company
service laboratories or in other Vyyo formally approved
distributors service laboratories.
2. In case of field handling - Disconnect the unit from power
supply for safest repair.
3. 2. In case of a -48VDC operated WMTS, the External Circuit Breaker
(Du Pole) must be used before connection/removal of the power cable
to/from the WMTS.
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Installation and Safety Information – p. 9
Safety Summary
Warnings:
Carefully connect units to the supply circuit so that
wiring is not overloaded. For DC system connect
Ground first (or remove Ground last for disconnect).
Read the installation instructions before connecting
the system to its power source.
Secure all power cabling when installing this unit.
Do not touch the power supply when power cord is
connected. For systems with a power switch, line
voltages are present within the power supply, even
when the power switch is off and the power cord is
connected. For systems without a power switch, line
voltages are present within the power supply when the
power cord is connected
The device is designed to work with TN power
systems
Before working on equipment that is connected to
power lines, remove jewelry (including rings,
necklaces, and watches). Metal objects will heat up
when connected to the power and ground. This can
cause serious burns or weld the metal object to the
terminals
Repairs of WMTS should take place only in Vyyo
company service laboratories or in other Vyyo formally
approved distributors service laboratories. In case of
field handling our general SAFETY warning is to
disconnect the unit from power supply for safest
repair.
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System Configuration Introduction – p. 10
Chapter 1. System Configuration
Introduction
This guide is intended as a practical aid for the Technicians, Operators and Field
Service Engineers responsible for quickly configuring Vyyo systems at most
common installations. It is not intended as a substitute for a detailed reference
manual.
NOTE: Throughout this manual the terms modem and
WMU are used interchangeably. The term “WMU” refers
to “Wired/wireless Modem Unit”. In some instances the
actual modem model (V280, V311, etc.) may be used if
the information is specific to that modem.
The term “WMTS” is used interchangeably with “XMTS”.
XMTS is an acronymn for “Xtend Modem Termination
System”. Both terms appear in the software and were
derived from the term “CMTS”, “Cable Modem
Termination System”.
The term “WMU” will appear in the software occasionally.
It is an acronymn for “Wireless Modem Unit” and is used
interchangeably with “CM” (Cable Modem).
1.1 Overview
The system acts as an RF bridge between a network, typically the Internet or the
Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) (at the head end) and customer
equipment at the other end of the RF link.
It may be visualized as a three layer protocol stack. The highest layer may be
any one of the following: IP, E1/ T1 or PSTN.
All systems include the IP capability, which is required for network management.
The E1/T1 capability requires an additional plug-in card at the WMTS
Internet
or
PSTN
Wireless or HFC Network
Customer Premises
WMTS
Cable
Modem
(CM)
Customer
Equipment
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System Configuration Introduction – p. 11
(Cable/Wireless Modem Termination System) end and an E1/T1 capable
cable/wireless modem at the downstream end.
The data from the IP, E1/T1, or PSTN layer are encapsulated as DOCSIS frames
which in turn are converted into RF signals and sent over the air or via an HFC
(Hybrid Coax Fibre) plant between the WMTS and modem.
Important Note: connectivity MUST be obtained at each
layer, beginning with the lowest (RF link) in order to
establish full communication.
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System Configuration Introduction – p. 12
The following diagram illustrates this in the form of a three layer protocol
IP, E1/T1, POTS
RF Link
DOCSIS
WMTS
Modem
IP, E1/T1, POTS
RF Link
DOCSIS
Layer 3
Layer 2
Layer 1
RxTxV280 Modem
100BaseT
IP Network
MTA
PC
Line #2
Line #1
Phone
RJ-11
RJ-11
PSTN
H.323v2 or
MGCP, VOIP
Packet
Voice
E1/T1
V311 E1/T1 Modem
IP Router
Provisioning
Services
WMTS
Internet
Telephone
Switch
PBX
Intranet
RF Coax
RF Cloud or
Cable Plant
100BaseT
E1/T1
100BaseT
stack:
This illustration shows how a complete system is connected:
Connection Legend:
Blue = 100BaseT Ethernet
Green = RF Coaxial cable
Black = T1/E1
Grey = RJ-11
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System Configuration Introduction – p. 13
There are different configuration requirements for each layer and different
software tools accomplish this task. The configuration of the RF link is typically
unique to each installation with the particular downstream and upstream
frequencies, modulations and bandwidths being the critical parameters that must
be set on the modem and WMTS.
Whereas there is no set standard for implementing an RF link, DOCSIS is a fully
specified protocol as are the upper layers (IP, E1/T1 or PSTN). The following
sections will describe the currently available system components (equipment)
then detail how to configure each of them in turn.
1.2 Equipment Capabilities
There are several different modems available, the simplest being the DOCSIS
modems with IP-only capability. All of the other modems use these as their
foundation.
The WMTS used at the head end is the other major component. There is only
one basic configuration, which is augmented with additional plug-in cards to
accommodate E1/T1 and PSTN capabilities.
NOTE: The term WMTS was originally conceived as
“eVyyoed” CMTS for use in a cable plant, hence the “X”.
This was followed by WMTS in which the “W” indicates a
“wireless” CMTS. For practical purposes these terms are
interchangeable and in some places the software uses
the term “WMTS” when referring to any one of these
systems.
1.3 WMTS
The basic WMTS is a chassis with a power supply and a mid-plane PCI bus that
accommodates plug-in cards at the front and rear. Two redundant power supply
cards are provided at the right end of the front of the chassis.
The minimum required hardware configuration for an IP-only system consists of
one "HOST" card and three "Universal" cards. One Universal card acts as a
"Control and Forward" (C&F) card, one as the "Upstream" digital card and one as
the "Downstream" digital card. These latter two cards are attached to RF cards
in the rear slots.
E1/T1 capability may be added by replacing the Host card with a Master4 card,
and adding one or two E1/T1 interface cards in the rear slots to provide 12 or 24
E1/T1 ports, respectively. An DS3 version of the Master4 card which allows 28
T1 connections is also available. This card has two coax connectors (one for
receive and one for transmit) in place of the E1/T1 interface cards.
The HOST or Master4 card serves as the PCI bus arbiter and provides the
system clock and timing. When the WMTS boots, the Master4 card initializes,
then identifies the C&F card. The C&F card then directs the configuration and
downloading of relevant application software. The C&F card is connected
through a 100 BaseT Full Duplex connection to the switch or router and used to
transport data (including management packets) through the system.
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System Configuration Introduction – p. 14
All Universal cards are the physically identical: the card attached to each of them
in the rear slots and the application downloaded during initial startup determine
the function of the card (Upstream, Downstream or Control & Forward).
In the rear slots, one Downstream and one Upstream RF interface card are
required. Each of these corresponds to its companion Universal card. The
“Quad” downstream card has four RF connectors and provides four downstream
channels. The “Hex” upstream card has six RF connectors and provides six
upstream channels.
Note: All Downstream cards have a fixed output
frequency of 44 MHz which must be converted up per the
local requirements.
Upstream cards may be configured to receive any
frequency from 5-65 MHz
Figure 1-1. The WMTS Chassis with (from left to right) Upstream card,
Downstream card, Control and Forward card, MASTER4 card, and Power
Supplies shown.
The WMTS is mounted in a standard 19” by 6U high rack-mounted chassis.
The chassis has a fan tray above the unit, bringing the total height required
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System Configuration Introduction – p. 15
in the rack, to 8U. The eight bay chassis contains eight slots in the front, six
slots in the rear, and a mid-plane card in between, used to interface the
cards. Blank panels cover unused slots.
A standard 33 MHz, 32 bit Compaq PCI bus is used to transfer traffic and
data between the system cards. The power supplies, Master4 card and the
universal cards are inserted in the front slots of the chassis. The Quad
Downstream, Hex Upstream, and E1/T1 cards are inserted in the rear slots
of the chassis.
The ON/OFF power switch and the fuse are located in the rear of the power
supply.
Figure 1-2. Midplane Cutaway View of WMTS; Universal Card Shown in
Cutaway attached to an RF card.
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System Configuration Introduction – p. 16
1.4 Modems
1.4.1 Modems with DOCSIS and IP only
The V280 is Vyyo’s “IP-only” modem. It uses an RJ45 connector (shown below)
on the rear panel to provide IP connection to the customer’s equipment. The
V280 supports up to 63 data users simultaneously and provides privacy,
authentication, service classification, prioritization, and traffic shaping.
The USB connector is not supported at this time. Check with Customer Support
for updates as they become available if you need this capability.
Figure 1-3. V280 Rear Panel
Figure 1-4: V280 Front panel
Hyperterm (a Windows terminal application which permits either a serial or direct
IP connection and is used in the following examples) or Telnet may be used to
connect the modem to a computer to configure parameters in the modem, such
as the downstream receive frequency. Any equivalent software utilities may be
used.
A basic WMTS unit (without E1/T1 capability) is all that is required at the head
end to complete an IP connection.
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System Configuration Introduction – p. 17
1.4.2 Modems with DOCSIS, IP and E1/T1
The V311 is a V280 modem (to provide the DOCSIS layer) with one E1/T1
interface (via an RJ45 connector on the front panel) added. In addition to IP
connectivity, it supports circuit switched E1/T1 applications. It has one 100
BASE-T port for IP data and one E1/T1 port which can support up to 32/24 time
slots.
The E1/T1 application supports framed or unframed E1/T1 services. In the case
of unframed configuration, all 32/24 time slots (including time slot 0) are delivered
over the air.
In the case of framed E1/T1 configuration, a full or fractional E1/T1 (any number
up to 31/23 time slots) can be delivered.
The V311 modem is shown in this image:
Figure 1-5: V311 Modem
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System Configuration Introduction – p. 18
The V312 is identical to the V311 but has two E1/T1 interfaces instead of one.
The WMTS at the head end requires one or two E1/T1 interface cards (plugged
into the rear slots, with the second E1/T1 card attached to the first one as a
daughter board) to work with the V311 or V312. The E1/T1 connection will be
terminated at one of the ports on this (rear) E1/T1 interface card(s). In addition,
a separate software load is required.
All modems have four LED indicators, described below.
Figure 1-6. LED Indicators
Table 1.1 LED Indicators, Functions, and Conditions
1.4.3 Modems with DOCSIS, IP and PSTN
The V313 is a V280 (for the DOCSIS layer) with a PSTN interface added: this
physical interface (provided with the V313) comprises four RJ45 connectors,
each of which connects to a special cable terminated in four RJ11 connectors,
allowing a total of sixteen PSTN devices to be connected.
The WMTS at the head end requires an E1/T1 card and a V5.2 AN stack
(additional software available from Vyyo) to work with this unit. If you plan to
deploy the V313 please contact your Vyyo representative.
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System Configuration Introduction – p. 19
1.4.4 Modems with DOCSIS and IP Only With Built in UHF Radio
The V284 modem is a basic V280 modem integrated with a built-in UHF radio
that provides an upstream RF output in the 710-716 MHz range. Internally the
V284 has a factory set intermediate frequency of 44MHz which is converted up to
yield an appropriate upstream frequency (This is preset at the factory for 700MHz
in the United States).
The downstream frequency ranges from 740-746MHz. Note that the RF setup of
this radio requires appropriate preplanning owing to the complexity introduced by
the internal UHF radio. Please reference the UHF System Installation Guide
and/or your local system engineer.
Figure 1-7: V284 Modem
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System Configuration Introduction – p. 20
1.5 Modem Capabilities Matrix
Modem
Model
Modem
Hardware
Connectivity
Additional
WMTS
Cards
required
Description
V280
V280
IP
none
The basic DOCSIS modem
V311
V280
plus
E1/T1
card
IP, E1/T1
E1/T1
interface
card and
Master4 card
A V280 modem with one
E1/T1 interface (one RJ48
connector on the front which
can handle one E1 or T1
line)
V312
V280
plus
E1/T1
card
IP, E1/T1
E1/T1
interface
card and
Master4 card
A V280 modem with two
E1/T1 interfaces (two RJ48
connectors on the front
which can handle one E1 or
T1 line each)
V313
V280
plus
internal
PSTN
card
IP, PSTN
E1/T1
interface
card and
Master4
card with
additional
V5.2 AN
stack
A V280 modem with a builtin PSTN interface (four
RJ45 connectors each of
which attaches to four RJ11
POTS connectors)
V284
V280
plus
internal
UHF
radio
IP
none
A V280 modem with an
internal UHF radio for
communication in the
700MHz range – special RF
configuration is necessary.
Please see the UHF System
Installation Guide.
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Configuration Overview – p. 21
Chapter 2. Configuration Overview
This section of the System Configuration Guide features a short overview of each
component/layer of the System including the WMTS and the modems. The last
section is a summary presented as a matrix that shows the relationships between
the various tools and files. The components and layers are described below.
• Network Servers
o DHCP Server
o TFTP Server
o Time of Day (ToD) Server
• RF Link Layer
• DOCSIS Layer
2.1 Network Servers
The following servers are required for successful completion of modem
initialization. They will be accessed by the modem and the WMTS at specific
points during the registration and installation process.
2.1.1 DHCP Server
This server binds the modem’s MAC address to both its Network IP address
and its configuration (or “boot”) file, which contains several important system
specific parameters required for the modem to communicate with the WMTS.
Viewing this information can help in troubleshooting any problems which may
occur.
2.1.2 TFTP Server
This server downloads the selected configuration file to the modem during
the registration process when the modem requests it. It also downloads files
and configuration information to the WMTS. This information is used for
initial (first time) startup and for troubleshooting.
2.1.3 Time-of-Day (TOD) Server
This server provides the Time of Day to the modems and the WMTS. It
allows the WMTS and the modem to coordinate their timing.
2.2 RF Link Layer
This network layer is unique for each installation and depends on the
available frequencies, the frequency plan, the specific hardware used for the
installation, and other factors.
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Configuration Overview – p. 22
Your System Engineer must develop a detailed system plan that accounts
for each of these variables. This plan must include the assignments of
downstream frequencies, modulations (and other RF parameters) and
upstream channel IDs assigned to the various modems deployed in the
network. If the modems are to be used with E1/ T1 connections, all related
parameters, especially QoS (Quality of Service, also referred to as Class of
Service) parameters, also need to be defined (these are discussed later in
this document.)
NOTE: The methods to define these factors are unique
to each customer and are outside the scope of this
document. They are part of the site preparation and preplanning, including any “overbooking” scheme that may
be desired. Please consult your Vyyo representative or
system integrator for assistance.
The Downstream and Upstream frequencies, modulations and bandwidths
MUST be pre-determined in order to proceed with the configuration of the
WMTS and the modems. Each modem must be assigned to a specific
WMTS Upstream Channel (the upstream channel is referenced by its
Channel ID which identifies the physical port.) The Upstream channel must
be configured for a specific frequency, modulation and bandwidth or symbol
rate.
NOTE: The WMTS must be configured to use the correct
Upstream and Downstream parameters. This is done
using the Vyyo Configuration tool.
It also recommended that each modem is assigned to a particular
Downstream channel (or set of channels.) The modem can use Downstream
channel discovery, however; it is typically not used since it takes much
longer to discover the correct frequencies.
Using pre-determined frequencies also allows greater control over the RF
frequency assignments and can distribute network bandwidth more
efficiently. A range of frequencies can be defined in the modem
configuration file to cover all customer assigned bands and to minimize
future re-configuration.
NOTE: The modem’s Downstream ferequency is preset
at the factory but may be changed on the modem by
using a direct Telnet connection. See Section 5.4 Setting
the Modem’s Downstream Frequency for details.
2.3 DOCSIS Layer
The most important items that must match are:
The WMTS Downstream Frequency and the modem Downstream Frequency
The WMTS Upstream Channel ID and the modem Upstream Channel ID (their
associated parameters must also match.)
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Configuration Overview – p. 23
First, the modem searches for a signal at its preprogrammed Downstream
Frequency. Once having locked to that downstream channel, the modem
receives upstream channel descriptors (UCDs) from the WMTS that describe the
available upstream channels.
NOTE: The WMTS must be configured to construct the
UCDs so that they correspond to the site preplan. Use
the Vyyo Configuration Tool to accomplish this if any
changes are required.
The modem then enters a protocol exchange that requires data be transmitted
from the modem to the WMTS via an Upstream Channel using its associated
Channel ID (designating the physical interface on the RF Interface card), and the
correct frequency, modulation and bandwidth or symbol rate.
NOTE: A modem configuration file which respecifies
these parameters is downloaded to the modem after
“ranging” (described below) is complete . This file is also
referred to as the modem “boot” file. All further
communication done by the modem uses the parameters
specified in this file. The modem configuration file is
modified using the CMconfigFileEditor tool.
This protocol exchange allows the modem to ‘range’ (adjust its timing and power
level so that it can work successfully with all of the other modems on line at this
time.). After the ranging is finished, the modem has successfully established
physical layer and Link or MAC layer connectivity with the WMTS. The WMTS is
now capable of sending MAC layer packets such as DHCP and ARP requests
required to complete the registration process.
2.4 IP Layer
Your System Engineer must devise a Network IP Plan. This is required in order
to assign IP addresses to the WMTS and all the modems on the network. It must
include the IP address of all the servers as well as the network mask and other
network parameters.
After connectivity is established at the DOCSIS layer (discussed in Section 2.3
DOCSIS Layer ), the modem is assigned to an IP address by using DHCP
(Dynamic Host Control Protocol.) If using the ipLease tool as the DHCP Server,
this is usually a static IP address defined in the DHCP setup file (CM.SRC.) This
file binds the modem's MAC address to a particular fixed IP address. If using
Windows 2000 Server Edition this binding is accomplished using its DHCP
Administrative Tool, which may be installed at the user’s option using the “netsh”
command (follow the instructions provided with your server).
The DHCP server grants the “lease” on the IP address to the modem (i.e., tells
the modem which IP address to use). The granted IP address is for SNMP
connectivity within the Vyyo system; it is not offered as a public IPaddress to
Vyyo equipment. However, if desired this can be done using the customer PC or
Router as the modem will behave as Layer 2 bridge device.
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Configuration Overview – p. 24
For the ipLease DHCP Server tool, the CM.SRC file is an ASCII text file that may
be edited using any text editor (such as Notepad). This document describes the
configuration process using the ipLease tool. The changes are similar for other
DHCP servers. Note that if another operating system, such as the Windows
200x Server, is used a DHCP server is often included. Check with your Vyyo
representative to make sure the DHCP server is compatible.
NOTE: Before the modem can acquire an IP address, the
WMTS must be configured with its own IP address This
procedure is described later in this document in the
section entitled Setting the WMTS IP Address. The
WMTS IP address is specified in a different configuration
file (regtree.rtr) which may be edited using the
XmtsConfigurationFileEditor tool.
After the modem successfully receives its IP address it contacts the TOD server
to establish the time of day. Next, it contacts the TFTP server to download the
modem configuration file, which specifies the final DOCSIS parameters for the
modem. This file is also referred to as the modem “boot” file. All further
communication done by the modem uses the parameters specified in this file.
This file may cause the modem to change frequencies or reboot in order to reset
some of its configuration parameters. The modem will acquire this file every time
it is reset or restarted. Configuration changes to the modem configuration file
(profile) will be done from the Operation center with out the need to visit the
modem remote location for any setup change; These changes may include
encryption, QoS., IP filters, downstream channel parameters. etc….
NOTE: the modem configuration file is modified using the
CMconfigFileEditor tool..
During the final phase of the DOCIS registration process, the modem sends a
registration message to the WMTS confirming that the configuration file was
received. The WMTS retrieves a copy of the configuration file from the
configuration file server TFTP root repository directory. The WMTS then
compares the file from the server with the data from the modem to ensure that
the modem will only use services for which it was authorized. The modem is then
finally allowed to transmit real user data into the network, but only after the
modem’s configuration file values are crosschecked by the WMTS.
At this point, a data only modem will be successfully connected to the system.
2.5 E1/T1 Layer
After IP connectivity is established, E1 or T1 connectivity may be established.
Note that in addition to installing an E1/T1 card into the WMTS chassis, E1 and
T1 each require that different firmware be loaded into both the WMTS and the
modem.
The E1/T1 configuration will require appropriate changes to the modem
configuration file in addition to setting those configuration parameters used for a
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Configuration Overview – p. 25
standard IP-only modem. The same modem configuration file may be used for
several modems provided the Downstream frequencies and the Upstream
Channel ID are the same (i.e., same “profiles”).
The WMTS E1/T1 configuration needs to be modifed appropriately for every
E1/T1 modem installed on the network. This is done using the Java™-based
Vyyo Configuration tool. This tool configures the E1/T1 port on the modem to be
connected (“bound’) to the correct E1/T1 port on the E1/T1 card plugged into the
WMTS.
After this tool is used to bind the E1/T1 ports together and the standard modem
provisioning is done, the installation is complete and the E1/T1 services in the
modem are ready to be activated.
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Configuration Overview – p. 26
2.6 Configuration Tools and Files Matrix
Tool
Configured
File or Device
Description
CMconfigurationFileEditor
Modem
Configuration
file (e.g.,
“MIC_xxx.cfg”,
where xxx is
some unique
number.)
This file downloads to a modem
during the registration process.
It contains all the parameters
required for the modem’s
operation in the DOCSIS
network: upstream and
downstream frequencies, QoS,
etc. It is also call the modem
“boot” file.
XmtsConfigurationFileEditor
(any standard ASCII text file
editor may also be used to
edit the text version of the
file)
Regtree.txt
Regtree.rtr
(downloadable
version of the
text file)
Regtree.txt contains the
permanent IP address of the
WMTS. This tool is a
convenient way to edit the more
common items in the file.
However, when editing the
WMTS IP address you must
use a standard text editor. The
Regtree file may be saved in
either text or downloadable
format using this tool.
SETIP.BAT
Regtree.txt
This batch file is used to
convert the text version of the
Regtree file to the
downloadable format
(Regtree.rtr). It calls
RTR2TXT.EXE and
RECFMT.EXE to do the
conversion.
RTR2TXT.EXE
Regtree.rtr
This tool is used to convert the
Regtree.rtr file to a standard
text file (Regtree.txt)
XmtsConfig
WMTS
Used to assign a temporary IP
address to the WMTS and to
download files to the WMTS.
Specifically it must be used to
download the compiled version
of the Regtree.txt file to the
WMTS. This is primarily used
during initial setup.
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Configuration Overview – p. 27
Vyyo Configuration Tool
WMTS MIB
database
This is a standalone JAVA
based tool that can be
accessed from the NMS. It is
used to modify and configure
the WMTS operating
parameters.
NMS (Castlerock)
WMTS or
Modem MIB
values
(Typically for
viewing only.)
A general purpose Network
Management System for
operating the network; also
used to launch the Vyyo
Configuration tool.
Any ASCII text editor, e.g.,
Notepad
CM.SRC
Used with ipLease (the DHCP
server) to bind a modem’s MAC
address to its network IP
address and its modem
configuration file (downloaded
during modem initialization) as
well as other network
parameters needed to
configure the modem.
DHCPGen
CM.SRC
Converts the file to a format
that ipLease can use
DHCP Server
modem
Sends the modem its network
IP address and the name of its
modem configuration file as
well as other information
needed to setup IP
connectivity.
TOD Server
modem
Used to set the time of day in
the modem and the WMTS
TFTP Server
modem and
WMTS
Used to send the modem
configuration or “boot” file to the
modem during initialization;
also used to load the WMTS
application and configuration
files
Telnet
Modem
Used to set the downstream
frequency that the modem will
scan to listen to the WMTS.
Also used to set the RF offset if
required.
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The Modem Initialization Process – p. 28
Chapter 3. The Modem Initialization
Process
To understand the configuration process, it is useful to understand the
detailed steps the modem goes through during its initialization.
When the modem is first powered up, it must go through a fixed sequence of
steps before it can exchange data with the network. To be successful, this
requires the modem and the WMTS to be configured with various
parameters.
These parameters should be defined in a Network RF Plan and a Network IP
plan set up by your System Engineer. The three Network Servers (TOD,
DHCP, and TFTP) must be installed and operational. The WMTS must be
configured with the correct software and an IP address.
The modem’s RF parameters must also be correctly configured with the
proper software and its RF parameters must be set correctly. When all of
this is done, the modem is ready to initialize itself when placed at the
customer’s premise.
Finally, after initialization, the modem’s E1/T1 port must be “bound” (configured
to connect) to the correct E1/T1 port on the WMTS. This step may be done last
or pre-configured before the modem is at the customer’s premise.
The following sections provide an overview of the modem initialization process.
3.1 Modem Initialization Sequence
All modems proceed through the following sequence of steps, each of which
is described in more detail below. The completion of these steps establishes
connectivity at the DOCSIS and IP layers. Connectivity for additional layers,
e.g., E1/T1, may then be established for the V311 and V312 modems. The
steps are:
• Power-On Self Test
• Downstream Synchronization
• Obtain Upstream Parameters
• Ranging
• Establish IP Connectivity
• Establish Time of Day
• Transfer Operational Parameters
• Registration
• Baseline Privacy Initialization
3.1.1 Power-On Self Test
The modem performs a self-check to ensure that its hardware is working
properly.
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The Modem Initialization Process – p. 29
3.1.2 Downstream Synchronization
The modem listens for downstream transmissions from the WMTS (which
are broadcast at frequent intervals for exactly this purpose) according to its
pre-configured or default frequency plan. This may be a single fixed
frequency or a sequence of frequencies, depending on the Network RF Plan
and/or the internal programming of the modem.
If the modem is programmed for a single fixed downstream frequency and
fails to receive an WMTS downstream transmission after three attempts it
switches to its additional backup frequencies. See Setting the Modem’s
Downstream Frequency for a description of how to set these parameters.
Synchronization is obtained when the modem locks onto the WMTS
downstream signal and is able to recognize downstream SYNC messages
which are periodically broadcast: these are crucial to calculating the time
slots available for upstream transmission.
3.1.3 Obtaining Upstream Parameters
The modem must now wait to collect all the Upstream Channel Descriptors
(UCDs) for all upstream channels that are connected to the current
downstream channel.
3.1.4 Ranging
The modem then sends a “ranging request” message on one or more of the
Upstream frequencies, corresponding to a UCD, at different power levels in
an attempt to establish communication with the WMTS. Eventually the
WMTS decodes a ranging request from the modem and sends a ranging
response.
Ranging is now complete. Whenever the modem needs to send MAC layer
data for IP to the WMTS it sends a “request” to the WMTS. The WMTS
schedules a time slot for the modem and sends a “grant” message back to
the modem that contains all the necessary information telling the modem
when it can transmit data. A similar method is used to send E1 or T1 data
except that the request sets up periodic time slots that the modem uses to
transmit data.
3.1.5 Establish IP Connectivity
The modem uses the “request-grant” (“best effort”) mechanism to send a
standard DHCP request to the Network DHCP server. The server will
recognize the modem via its MAC (Ethernet) address and assign it a
temporary IP address. This response also contains the default gateway and
the IP subnet mask. The IP addresses of the TFTP and ToD servers, and
the name of the modem configuration file are also included. The response
also includes the local time offset from Universal Coordinated Time (UTC).
Once the modem receives this response it sets its IP address to the
designated value and uses the default gateway to talk to devices using its IP
stack.
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The Modem Initialization Process – p. 30
3.1.6 Establish Time of Day
The modem uses the ToD server address(es) just received to send a Time of
Day request to the ToD server(s). This is combined with the time offset
received in the DHCP response to calculate the current local time. The Time
of Day is used by both the modem and the WMTS to timestamp logged
events (accessible via the Network Management System).
3.1.7 Transfer Operational Parameters
The modem then requests the TFTP server to send the configuration ( or
“boot”) file named in step (5) above during the establishment of IP
connectivity. If the boot file specifies a different upstream channel and/or
downstream frequency, the modem must repeat its initial ranging using this
new upstream channel and/or downstream frequency.
3.1.8 Registration
In order to forward traffic into the network the modem must be “registered”
with the WMTS. To register, the modem sends the WMTS its class of
service (also called QoS for Quality of Service) and any other operational
parameters it received in the configuration file as part of a Registration
Request. As part of the registration process the modem calculates Message
Integrity Check (MIC) values using the parameters specified in its
configuration file. This must match the values given for those parameters in
the configuration file itself.
3.1.9 Baseline Privacy Initialization (BPI)
If the modem is enabled to run BPI then encryption and decryption keys are
established. All further data to or from the modem is now encrypted. The
keys have a lifetime and are automatically reset to new values after a
specified period which may be set by the operator using the NMS.
NOTE: BPI is required in order to support E1/T1
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