The diagram at the right is from the ADA
Standards for Accessible Design Regulations.
Does it look confusing? We’re going to try to
make the ADA requirements for elevator and
emergency phones easier to understand - by
putting them
If you own or manage a building, you’re aware
of your duty to make it safe and accessible to
everyone. The passage of the Americans With
Disabilities Act (ADA) in 1992 brought with it
several new regulations pertaining to equal
building access for the disabled. Elevator access
was one of the issues addressed in the Act. So
too was the issue of equal access to emergency
assistance in the event of an elevator emergency. To obtain that emergency assistance and guarantee that it be available to everyone including the disabled, the Act put in place new requirements for the emergency
phones traditionally located in elevators.
Do you have to install emergency phones?
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.
If you don’t already have emergency phones in your building’s elevators, and your local
building code does not require them, then the ADA does not force you to install them.
However, you should be aware that emergency elevator phones have become standard
in the industry. If passengers were injured in your elevator and unable to summon emergency help, and the failure to obtain help in a timely manner worsened their condition,
they may easily claim that you failed to follow commonly accepted building safety standards by not installing emergency phones in your buildings.
If you already have phones in your elevators, or are being asked to install them by local
building inspectors, be aware that ordinary telephones do
lations. Not only do ordinary phones fail the compliance test, they are usually far more
costly over the long run due to the continuing expenses associated with vandalism.
Replace a few stolen hearing-aid compatible handsets and you’ve already exceeded the
cost of a vandal-resistant ADA-compliant phone.
ADA requirements also pertain to all other types of emergency phones you may volun-
tarily choose to install. Whether they are being installed to meet local code, for safety rea-
sons, emergency phones in hallways, lobbies, parking ramps or garages, all of these
phones must be accessible to all users including the physically impaired. Thus, they must
all be ADA compliant.
1. The phone must be located no more than 48” from the floor.
This requirement is designed to keep elevator phones within the reach of wheelchair
passengers.
2. If the telephone has a handset, the handset
cord must be at least 29” long.
This is to allow physically impaired passengers to operate the
phone from a wheelchair. If you were allowed to simply install
a longer coiled cord you would encounter two problems. First,
a long coiled cord is difficult to retain inside an elevator
phone cabinet–they fall out every time the cabinet door is
opened. Secondly, once they fall out, they are easily severed
by the sharp edges on the cabinet door. That means repeated replacement costs for you, and periods of noncompliance.
Also, in elevators and ARAs (Areas of Rescue Assistance),
coiled cords are an invitation to vandalism and total phone
destruction. For example, the standard procedure for attempting to vandal-proof a modular-ended coiled cord is to
remove the squeeze tab from the modular plug. This makes
theft difficult without a special removal tool. Unfortunately, it
also frustrates vandals and ultimately results in them ripping out the entire phone,
causing far more destruction to the phone, than if the modular clip were left intact.
An armored cable handset, the kind you find on many outdoor pay telephones, vastly reduces the risk of handset theft and vandalism. A 29” armored cable is just about
impossible to store inside an elevator telephone cabinet. Armored cables cost far
more than standard coiled cords.
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3. Emergency phones must be hearing aid compatible.
• They must be capable of a volume increase of at least 12 decibels with a
maximum increase of 18 decibels above normal.
• If a hearing aid compatible, volume-control handset is used, the volume increase
may exceed 18 decibels, provided that an automatic reset is provided to lower the
volume for the next use.
Hearing-aid compatible handsets with volume controls are available from most telephone dealers. They are usually stocked in the “G” handset design (old style handset
with round earpiece and mouthpiece), and the “K” design (newer design with square
earpiece and mouthpiece). Unfortunately, they are rarely available in the dial-inhandset design. Both the “G” and “K” series hearing-aid, volume-control handsets
are considerably more expensive than standard handsets. Lose one of these handsets
to vandals, and the replacement cost will exceed the phone’s value.
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