Viglen VIG590M User Manual

C O M P U T E R S N E T W O R K S S O L U T I O N S

..

VIG590M
Motherboard

Manual

Viglen, EMC and the ‘CE’ mark

CE Marking

European standards are being harmonised across borders. If products c omply with the same standards in all
European countries, product exporting and importing is made simple - paving our way to a common market. If
you buy a product with a 'CE' mark on it (shown below), on the box, in the manual, or on the guarantee - it
complies with the currently enforced directive(s).

Introduction to EMC

EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) is the term used to describe certain issues with RF (Radio Frequency)
energy. Electrical items should be designed so they do not interfere with each other through RF emissions. E.g.
If you turn on your microwave, your television shouldn't display interference if both ite ms are CE marked to the
EMC directive.

If emitted RF energy is not kept low, it can interfere with other electrical circuitry - E.g. Cars Autom atic Braking
Systems have been known to activate by themselves while in a strong RF field. As this has obvious
repercussions ALL electrical products likely to cause RF related problems have to be 'CE' marked from 1st
January 1996 onwards.

If a product conforms to the EMC directive, not only should its RF emissions be very low, but its immunity to RF
energy (and other types) should be high. The apparatus has to resist many 'real world' phenomena such as
static shocks and mains voltage transients.

Viglen’s Environment laboratory

To gain a 'CE' mark, the Viglen computer range has had to undergo many difficult tests to ensure it is
Electromagnetically Compatible. These are carried out in th e in-house 'Environment lab' at Viglen Headquarters.
We have made every effort to guarantee that each computer leavi ng our factory complies fully with the correct
standards. To ensure the computer system maintains compliance throughout its functional life, it is essential you
follow these guidelines.

¾ Install the system according to Viglen’s instructions
¾ If you open up your Viglen:

¾ Keep internal cabling in place as supplied.
¾ Ensure the lid is tightly secured afterwards
¾ Do not remove drive bay shields unless installing a 'CE' marked peripheral in its place
¾ The clips or ‘bumps' around the lips of the case increase conductivity - do not remove or damage.
¾ Do not remove the ferrite ring from the L.E.D cables.
¾ Only use your Viglen computer with 'CE' marked peripherals

This system has been tested in accordance with European standards for use in residential and light industrial
areas-this specifies a 10 meter testing radius for emissions and immunity. If you do experience any adverse
affects which you think might be related to your computer, try moving it at least 10 meters away from the affected
item. If you still experience problems, contact Viglen’s Technical Support dep artment who will put you straight
through to an EMC engineer - s/he will do everything possible to help. If modifications are made to your Vigle n
computer system, it might breach EMC regulations. Viglen take no responsibility (with regards to EMC
characteristics) of equipment which has been tampered with or modified.

This symbol on the product or on its packaging indicates that the product shall not be treated as
household waste. Instead it shall be handed over to the applicable collection point for recycling of
electrical and electronic equipment. By ensuring this product is d isposed of correctly, you will help
prevent potential negative consequences for the environment and human health, which could
otherwise be caused by inappropriate waste handling of this product. T he recycling of materials will
help to conserve natural resources. For more detailed information about recycling of this product,
please contact your local city office, your household waste disposal service or Viglen Ltd.

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Copyrights and Trademarks

Please note

The material in this manual is subject to change without notice.

Trademarks

Microsoft, Windows, Windows NT, Windows 95,Windows 98, Windows ME,
Windows 2000 Pro, Windows XP Pro and MS-DOS are registered trademarks of
Microsoft Corporation. IBM PC, XT, AT and PS/2 are trademarks of International
Business Machines Corporation. Pentium® and Pentium® Pro are registered
trademarks of Intel® Corporation. All other trademarks are acknowledged. JAC-UP,
Genie, Contender, Dossier, Vig, Viglen, and Envy are trademarks of Viglen Limited.

Copyright and Patents

This manual and all accompanying software and documentation are copyrighted and
all rights reserved. This product, including software and documentation, may not, in
whole or in part, be copied, photocopied, translated or reduced to any electronic or
machine-readable form, without prior written consent except for copies retained by
the purchaser for backup.

© Copyright 2004 Viglen Limited
All Rights Reserved
VIG590M Manual Version 1.0
Printed in the United Kingdom

Liability

No warranty or representation, either expressed or implied, is made with respect to
this documentation, its quality, performance, merchantability or fitness for a particular
purpose. As a result the documentation is licensed as is, and you, the licensee, are
assuming the entire risk as to its quality and performance. The vendor reserves the
right to revise this operation manual and all accompanying software and
documentation and to make changes in the content without obligation to notify any
person or organisation of the revision or change.

In no event will the vendor be liable for direct, indirect, special, incidental or
consequential damages arising out of the use or inability to use this product or
documentation, even if advised of the possibility of such damages. In particular, the
vendor shall not have liability for any hardware, software or data stored or used with
the product, including the costs of repairing, replacing or recovering such hardware,
software or data.

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Contents

Chapter 1: Motherboard Overview 5

Introduction 5
Feature Summary 6
System Board Components 14
Overview of System Board Components 15
Back Panel Connectors 17

Chapter 2: System Board Options 20

Overview of Jumper Settings 22
System Board Jumper Settings 23
Motherboard Connectors 25
Front Panel Connectors 26
Upgrading the CPU 28
Installing & Removing Memory Modules 29
Expansion Slots (PCI & AGP) 31
Replacing the Clock/CMOS RAM Battery 33

Chapter 3: Solving Problems 34

Resetting the System 34
Troubleshooting Procedures 35
Problems Operating Add-in Boards 36
Problems & Suggestions 37

Chapter 4: System BIOS 39

What is the BIOS? 39

The Power-On Sequence 39
BIOS Upgrades 40
Using AWDFLASH to Update the BIOS 40
Configuring the Motherboard using BIOS Setup 42
Main BIOS Menu Screen 43
Standard CMOS features 47
IDE Primary/Secondary Master/Slave 48
Advanced BIOS features 49

Integrated Peripherals 52
Power Management Setup 54
PnP PCI Configurations 56

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H/W Monitor 58
Cell Menu 59
Main Menu Additional Options 60

Chapter 5: Technical Information 62

Enhanced IDE 62

Operating Systems and Hard Drives 63
Power Supply Connector 64
Other Useful Connectors 65
Other Information 70

Reliability 70
Temperature 70

Chapter 6: Glossary 71

Notes 73

Chapter 7: Suggestions 74

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Chapter 1: Motherboard Overview

Introduction

This manual describes the Viglen Vig590M motherboard inside your computer. The
motherboard is the most important part of your computer. It contains all of the CPU,
memory and graphics circuitry that make the computer work.

The motherboard contains the very latest CPU design that supports the Intel® Core®
2 Duo and Celeron family. All of the supported CPU’s include Intel’s® MMX
Technology. MMX technology adds a total of 57 new instructions to the CPU, all of
which are designed to vastly improve both multimedia and communications on your
PC. The combination of the Intel® processor, MMX technology and Viglen expertise
make this a formidable computer.

This manual contains technical information about the Viglen Vig590M motherboard
and other hardware components inside your computer. If you are new to computers
we recommend that you read the user guide first. If you are an experienced
computer user this manual should provide all the information you will need to
perform simple upgrades and maintenance.

We hope that this manual is both readable and informative. If you have any
comments for suggestions about how we could improve the format then please fill
out the form at the back of the manual and send it to us.

Above all we hope that you enjoy using your Viglen computer.

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Feature Summary

The Vig590M is based on the Intel® 945GC & ICH7/ICH7R chipsets for optimal
system efficiency. Designed to fit the advanced Intel® Core 2 Duo/Pentium/Celeron
LGA775 processor, the Vig590M delivers a high performance and professional
desktop platform solution.

The motherboard features:

Form factor:

• Micro ATX Form Factor: 243mm by 230mm

Processor:

• Intel® Core2 Duo

• 1333Mhz Front Side Bus

• Socket 775 connector.

Main memory:

• Two 240 pin DDR2 DIMM sockets.

• Support for up to 4GB of DDR2 DIMM memory.

Chipset

• 945GC

• Up to 1333MHz Front Side Bus (FSB)

• Support for 400/533/667MHz DDR RAM

• Advanced System Power Management features

• Integrated Super I/O Controller

• 3 flexible audio jacks, HD Audio capable

Audio
HD (High Definition) Audio compatible audio subsystem

LAN
Realtek 10/100/1000Mb/s Mbit/sec Platform LAN Connect (PLC) device

Peripheral Interfaces

• Support for two internal Universal Serial Bus (USB) ports and four external

• One serial port

• One parallel port

• Two IDE interfaces with Ultra DMA 33, ATA66/100/133 support.

• Four SATA interfaces.

• One diskette drive interface

• PS/2 keyboard and mouse ports

Expansion Capabilities

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• Four PCI bus add-in card connectors

Instantly Available PC

• Suspend to RAM support

• Wake on PS/2 keyboard, Mouse and USB ports

Microprocessor

The motherboard supports a single Pentium 4 processor with HT technology. The
processor’s VID pins automatically program the voltage regulator on the
motherboard to the required processor voltage. In addition, the front side bus speed
is automatically selected. The motherboard currently supports processors that run
internally up to 3.8GHz and have a 1MB second-level cache running at full CPU
Speed.

The processor implements MMX ™ technology and maintains full backward
compatibility with the 8086, 80286, Intel386 ™, Intel486 ™, Pentium, Pentium Pro,
Pentium II & Pentium III processors. The processor’s numeric coprocessor
significantly increases the speed of floating-point operations and complies with
ANSI/IEEE standard 754-1985.

Microprocessor Packaging

The Pentium 4 processor comes in a LGA package that connects to the motherboard
through a socket 775 connector. The package consists of:

• Processor card including the processor core and the second-level cache,
burst pipelined synchronous static RAM (BSRAM) and tag RAM.

• Thermal plate.

Back cover.

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Processor Upgrades

The motherboard can be upgraded with a Core2 Duo processor that runs at higher
speeds.

Memory

Main Memory

The motherboard has two DDR2 DIMM sockets. Minimum memory size is 512MB;
maximum memory size is 4GB. The BIOS automatically detects memory type, size,
and speed.

The motherboard supports the following memory features:

• 240-pin DIMMs.

• 400/533/667Mhz

• Un-Buffered Non-ECC DIMM.

Chipset

The Intel® 945GCchipset is the latest generation of desktop PCI set, it includes new
features such as –

• 1x PCI Express x16 Slot.

• 1x PCI Express x1 Slot

• 1333MHz Front Size Bus support

• ACPI 2.0 compliant

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Realtek 8111C Platform LAN Connect Device

The Realtek 8111C component provides an interface to the back panel RJ-45
connector with integrated LEDs. This physical interface may alternately be provided
via the CNR connector.
The Realtek 8111C provides the following functions:

• 10/100/1000 Ethernet LAN Connectivity

• Supports RJ-45 connector with status indicator LEDs

• Full driver compatibility

• ACPI Power Management

• Programmable transit threshold

• Configuration EEPROM that contains the MAC address

RJ-45 LAN Connector LEDs

Two LEDs are built into the RJ-45 LAN connector. The following table describes the
LED states when the board is powered up and the LAN subsystem is operating.

Table 1: LAN LED Status

Universal Serial Bus (USB)

The motherboard has four USB ports and a further five can be added via internal
headers; one USB peripheral can be connected to each port. For more than nine
USB devices, an external hub can be connected to either port. The motherboard
fully supports the universal host controller interface (UHCI) and uses UHCI­compatible software drivers.
USB features include:

• Self-identifying peripherals that can be plugged in while the computer is
running.

• Automatic mapping of function to driver and configuration.

• Supports isochronous and asynchronous transfer types over the same set of

wires.

• Supports up to 127 physical devices.

• Guaranteed bandwidth and low latencies appropriate for telephony, audio,

and other applications.

• Error-handling and fault-recovery mechanisms built into the protocol.

NOTE: Computer systems that have an unshielded cable attached to a USB port

may not meet FCC Class B requirements, even if no device or a low-speed (sub­channel) USB device is attached to the cable. Use shielded cable that meets the
requirements for high-speed (fully rated) devices.

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IDE Support

The motherboard has one independent bus-mastering PCI IDE interfaces. These
interfaces support PIO Mode 3, PIO Mode 4, ATAPI devices (e.g., CD-ROM), Ultra
DMA/33, Ultra DMA/66, Ultra DMA/100 & Ultra DMA/133 synchronous-DMA mode
transfers. The BIOS supports logical block addressing (LBA) and extended cylinder
head sector (ECHS) translation modes. The BIOS automatically detects the IDE
device transfer rate and translation mode.

Programmed I/O operations usually require a substantial amount of processor
bandwidth. However, in multitasking operating systems, the bandwidth freed by bus
mastering IDE can be devoted to other tasks while disk transfers are occurring.

LS-120 Support

LS-120 MB Diskette technology enables you to store 120MB of data on a single, 3.5”
removable diskette. LS-120 technology is backward (both read and write)
compatible with 1.44MB and 720KB DOS-formatted diskette and is supported by
Windows 95 and Windows NT operating system.

The Vig590M board allows connection of an LS-120 compatible drive and a standard
3½” floppy drive. The LS-120 drive can be configured as a boot device before a
floppy drive, if selected in the BIOS setup utility.

Note:

If you connect an LS-120 drive to an IDE connector and configure it as the “A” drive
and configure a standard 3.5” floppy as “B” drive, the standard floppy must be
connected to the floppy drive cable’s “A” connector (the connector at the end of the
cable).

The BIOS setup utility can be configured to boot firstly from either the LS120 or
standard 3½” floppy drive.

Real-Time Clock, CMOS SRAM, and Battery

The real-time clock is compatible with DS1287 and MC146818 components. The
clock provides a time-of-day clock and a multi-century calendar with alarm features
and century rollover. The real-time clock supports 256 bytes of battery-backed
CMOS SRAM in two banks that are reserved for BIOS use.

The time, date, and CMOS values can be specified in the Setup program. The
CMOS values can be returned to their defaults by using the Setup program.
An external coin-cell (CR 2032) battery powers the real-time clock and CMOS
memory. When the computer is not plugged into a wall socket, the battery has an
estimated life of three years. When the computer is plugged in, the 3.3-V standby
current from the power supply extends the life of the battery. The clock is accurate
to ± 13 minutes/year at 25 ºC with 3.3 V applied.

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I/O Interface Controller

The motherboard uses the I/O controller which features:

• Serial ports:
⎯ Internal send/receive 16-byte FIFO buffer.
⎯ Four internal 8-bit DMA options for the UART with SIR support (USI).

• Multimode bidirectional parallel port:
⎯ Standard mode, IBM and Centronics compatible.
⎯ Enhanced parallel port (EPP) mode with BIOS and driver support.
⎯ High-speed extended capabilities port (ECP) mode.

• Floppy disk controller:
⎯ N82077 compatible.
⎯ Single diskette drive interface.
⎯ 16-byte FIFO.
⎯ High-performance digital data separator (DDS).
⎯ PC-AT and PS/2 drive-mode support.

• Keyboard and mouse controller:
⎯ Industry standard 8042A compatible.
⎯ General-purpose microcontroller.
⎯ 8-bit internal data bus.

• ISA Plug-and-Play compatible register set.

• PCI PME interface.

• Intelligent auto power management:
⎯ Shadowed write-only registers for ACPI compliance.
⎯ Programmable wake up event interface.

By default, the I/O controller interfaces are automatically configured during boot up.
The I/O controller can also be manually configured in the Setup program.

Serial Ports

The serial port is a 16550A high speed communications port that sends/ receives 16
bytes FIFOs. You can attach a serial mouse or other serial devices directly to the
connector.

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Parallel Port

The connector for the multimode bidirectional parallel port is a 25-pin D-Sub
connector located on the back panel. In the Setup program, the parallel port can be
configured for the following:

• Compatible (standard mode).

• Bidirectional (PS/2 compatible).

• Extended Parallel Port (EPP).

• Enhanced Capabilities Port (ECP).

Floppy Controller

The I/O controller is software compatible with the N82077 floppy drive controllers
and supports both PC-AT and PS/2 modes. In the Setup program, the floppy
interface can be configured for the following floppy drive capacities and sizes:

• 360 KB, 5.25-inch

• 1.2 MB, 5.25-inch

• 720 KB, 3.5-inch

• 1.44MB, 3.5 inch

• 1.2 MB, 3.5-inch (driver required)

• 2.88 MB, 3.5-inch

PS/2 Keyboard and Mouse Interface

PS/2 keyboard and mouse connectors are located on the back panel. The +5 V lines
to these connectors are protected with a PolySwitch circuit that, like a self-healing
fuse, re-establishes the connection after an over-current condition is removed.

The keyboard controller supports the hot-key sequence <Ctrl><Alt><Del> for a
software reset. This key sequence resets the computer’s software by jumping to the
beginning of the BIOS code and running the Power-On Self Test (POST).

Audio Subsystem

These audio connectors are used for audio devices. You can differentiate the colour
of the audipo jacks for different audio sound effects.

• Line-In / RS-Out (Blue) - Line In is used for external CD player, tapeplayer or
other audio devices. Rear-Surround Out in 4/ 5.1 channel mode.

• Line-Out (Green) - Line Out, is a connector for speakers or headphones.

• Mic / CS-Out (Pink) - Mic, is a connector for microphones. Center/

• Subwoofer Out in 5.1 channel mode.

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Management Extension Component

System BIOS

The system BIOS, from Phoenix Technology, provides ISA and PCI compatibility.
The BIOS is contained in a flash memory device on the system board. The BIOS
provides the power-on self test (POST), the system Set-up program, a PCI and IDE
auto-configuration utility, and BIOS recovery code.

PCI Auto Configuration

The PCI auto-configuration utility works in conjunction with the Set-up program to
support using PCI add-in boards in the system. When you turn on the system power
after installing a PCI board, the BIOS automatically configures interrupts, DMA
channels, I/O space, and so on. Since PCI add-in boards use the same interrupt
resources as ISA add-in boards, you must specify the interrupts used by ISA boards
in the set-up program. The PCI auto-configuration program complies with version 2.1
of the PCI BIOS specification.

IDE Auto Configuration

If you install an IDE drive in the system, the IDE auto-configuration utility
automatically detects and configures the drive for operation in the system. This
utility eliminates the need to enter the Set-up program after you install an IDE drive.

Expansion Slots

The system has two PCI bus add-in card connectors and One PCI Express X16
connector.

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System Board Components

Figure 1: Motherboard Layout & Components

Table 2: Motherboard Connection

A: 775 pin CPU socket N: Floppy Connector
B: CPU Fan Header O: USB header
C: 2 x DIMM Slots P: Audio Header
D: ATX 20 pin Q: CD Input
E: : System Fan1 R: PCI Slot
F: IDE Connector S: PCI Slot
G: USB header T: PCI Express Slot
H: 4 x SATA II Connectors U: PCI Express Slot
I: Clear CMOS jumper V: System Fan Header
J: Front Panel headers W: USB Header
K: USB header X: 4 Pin Power Connector
L: USB header Y: JSPD 1 Connector
M: CMOS Battery Z: I/O Shield
AA: Chassis Intrusion

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Overview of System Board Components

A – LGA775 pin CPU socket

CPU sits in the LGA775 pin socket.

B – CPU Fan Header

Dedicated purely for the Heatsink to cool the CPU.

C – 2 x DIMM Slots

Insert Memory modules 400/533/667 MHz.

D – ATX 24 pin Power Connector

This is the main power connector for the motherboard.

E – System Fan1

is used to keep the Motherboard components and other components cool.

F – IDE Connector

Can be used to connect an IDE Hard Disk Drive or even a CD-ROM drive.

G – USB header

Allows up to 2 USB devices to be connected to each USB header

H – 4 x SATA II Connectors

Can connect up to 4 SATA devices (Hard Disk Drive, CD-ROM)

I – Clear CMOS jumper

Allows you to clear the CMOS of the Motherboard when moving the jumper from pins
1-2 to 2-3.

J – Front Panel headers

Controls the Hard Disk Drive LED, Power Switch, Reset Switch and Power LED

K and L – USB header

Allows up to 2 USB devices to be connected to each USB header

M – CMOS Battery

Stores the Data the Data for the CMOS.

N – Floppy Connector

This connector allows you to connect a floppy drive to the Chassis.

O – USB header

Allows up to 2 USB devices to be connected to each USB header

P – Audio header

This header supports HD Audio which allows the Motherboard to support front panel
Audio.

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Q – CD Input

This connector is provided for external audio input.

R and S – PCI Slot

The PCI slots support LAN cards, USB cards and other add-on cards that comply
with PCI specifications.

T – PCI Express Slot x1

The PCI Express x1 supports up to 250 MB/s transfer rate.

U – PCI Express Slot x16

The PCI Express x16 supports up to 4.0 GB/s transfer rate.

V – System Fan header

Is used to keep the Motherboard components and other components cool.

W – USB header

Allows up to 2 USB devices to be connected to each USB header.

X – 12V Power Connector

This 12V power connector is used to provide power to the CPU

Z- I/O Shield

Consists of multiple components to connect i.e VGA, PS/2 Keyboard and Mouse.

AA – Chassis Intrusion

Notifies before entering OS that the Chassis panel may have been tampered with.

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Back Panel Connectors

The motherboard external IO connectors are attached to a metallic I/O shield. This
shield serves several purposes:

• It protects the sensitive motherboard from any external EMC interference.

• It stops the computer from interfering with other electrical devices.

• It allows the motherboard to be easily upgraded in the future without having to

resort to buying a whole new case. Simply change the I/O shield to match the
motherboard.

The I/O shield provides external access to PS/2 keyboard and mouse connectors as
well as one serial port, one parallel port, four USB ports, one LAN Port and the audio
connectors.

NOTE: Power to the computer should be turned off before a keyboard or mouse is

connected or disconnected.

The I/O shield provides external access to the following:

1. 1x PS/2 Keyboard

This port is for a PS/2 Keyboard

2. 1x PS/2 Mouse

This port is for a PS/2 Mouse

3. 1x Serial port

The serial port is a 16550A high speed communications port that sends/ receives 16
bytes FIFOs. You can attach a serial mouse or other serial devices directly to the
connector.

4. 1x parallel port

A parallel port is a standard printer port that supports Enhanced Parallel Port (EPP)
and Extended Capabilities Parallel Port (ECP) mode.

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5. 4x USB ports

The USB (Universal Serial Bus) port is for attaching USB devices such as keyboard,
mouse, or other USB-compatible devices.

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6. 1x LAN port

The standard RJ-45 LAN jack is for connection to the Local Area Network (LAN).
You can connect a network cable to it.

Figure:

Figure:

7. 3x Audio connectors.

These audio connectors are used for audio devices. You can differentiate the color
of the audio jacks for different audio sound effects.

• Line-In (Blue) - Line In is used for external CD player, tapeplayer or other
audio devices.

• Line-Out (Green) - Line Out, is a connector for speakers or headphones.

• Mic (Pink) - Mic, is a connector for microphones.

This Mic (pink) jack connects a microphone. In 6-channel mode, the function of this
jack becomes Rear Speaker Out.

NOTE: The functions of the Line Out, Line In, and Microphone jacks change

when you select the 6-channel audio configuration.

Table 3: Audio 2, 4 or 6-channel configuration

Headphone/2­Speaker

4-Speaker 6-Speaker

Light Blue

Line In Rear Speaker

Out

Rear Speaker
Out

Lime

Line Out Front Speaker

Out

Front Speaker
Out

Pink

Mic In Mic In Bass/Center

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Chapter 2: System Board Options

The VIG590MM motherboard is capable of accepting Intel® Core2 Duo CPU’s. RAM
can be upgraded to a maximum of 4GB using DDR2 400, 533 and 667MHz RAM
DIMMs Non ECC Unbuffered memory.

WARNING!

Unplug the system before carrying out the procedures described in this
chapter. Failure to disconnect power before you open the system can result
in personal injury or equipment damage. Hazardous voltage, current, and
energy levels are present in this product. Power switch terminals can have
hazardous Voltages present even when the power switch is off.

The procedures assume familiarity with the general terminology associated
with personal computers and with the safety practices and regulatory
compliance required for using and modifying electronic equipment.
Do not operate the system with the cover removed. Always replace the cover
before turning on the system.

As the colours of the wires in the mains lead of this computer may not correspond with the
coloured markings identifying the terminals in your plug precede as follows:

The wire which is coloured green-and-yellow must be connected to the terminal in the plug
which is marked by the letter E or by the safety Earth symbol Q or coloured green or
green-and-yellow.

The wire which is coloured blue must be connected to the terminal which is marked with
the letter N or coloured black.

The wire which is coloured brown must be connected to the terminal which is marked with
the letter L or coloured red.

CAUTION!

The Viglen VIG590MM motherboard
and associated components are
sensitive electronic devices. A small
static shock from your body can
cause expensive damage to your
equipment.

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Make sure you are earthed and free of static charge before you open the computer
case. If you are unsure about upgrading your computer, return it to Viglen so a
qualified engineer can perform the upgrade.

STEPS TO TAKE TO PREVENT STATIC DISCHARGE:

1. The best way to prevent static discharge is to buy an anti-static strap from your
local electrical shop. While you are wearing the strap and it is earthed, static
charge will be harmlessly bled to ground.

2. Do not remove the component from its anti-static protective packaging until you
are about to install it.

3. Hold boards by the edges - try not to touch components / interface strips etc.

NOTE: We recommend that you return your computer to the service department for

upgrading. Any work carried out is fully guaranteed. Upgrades should only be carried
out by persons who are familiar with handling IC's, as incorrect installation will
invalidate the guarantee.

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Overview of Jumper Settings

The VIG590MM motherboard contains the latest technology to offer an almost
jumperless configuration. All Intel® Core2 Duo CPUs are automatically detected and
the Speed is automatically set from the information provided by the CPU.

The only jumpers present on the motherboard are for clearing all the CMOS settings.
In the unlikely event of the CMOS becoming corrupted then jumper JP1 can be set to
clear the contents of the CMOS, and for write protecting the BIOS.

CAUTION!

Never remove jumpers using large pliers as this can damage the pins. The best way
to remove a jumper is to use a small pair of tweezers or fine needle-nosed pliers.

Never remove a jumper when the computer is switch on. Always switch the
computer off first.

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System Board Jumper Settings

Figure 3: System Board Jumper Settings

Table 4: Clear CMOS Jumper Settings

Functi
on

Jumper
(JP1)

Configuration

Save
CMOS
(Default
)

1-2 The BIOS uses current configuration information and

passwords for booting.

Clear 2-3 Turn off the system and unplug the power cord. Move the

jumper from pins 1-2 (default) to pins 2-3 for about 5~10
seconds. Then move the jumper back to pins 1-2.

NOTE: Except when clearing the rtc ram, never remove the jumper on JP1 default

position. Removing the jumper will cause system boot failures.

Table 5: Front Panel Audio Jumper Settings

Function Jumper Configuration

Normal

5 – 6
and
9- 10

The audio line signals are routed back to
the line connector.

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Table 5a: Front panel Audio Connector

Pin Signal name Pin Signal name

1 Audio Mic 2 Ground
3 Audio Mic Bias 4 VCC
5 Speaker Out

Right Channel

6 Speaker Out

Right Channel

Return
7 X 8 Key
9 Speaker Out Left

Channel

10 Speaker Out

Left Channel

Return

CAUTION!

Do not move the jumper with the power on. Always turn off the power and unplug
the power cord from the computer before changing the jumper.

NOTE: There is no jumper setting for configuring the processor speed or bus

frequency.

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Motherboard Connectors

There are connectors on the motherboard for FAN, IDE, Power supply, CD audio,
Floppy, IDE, & Front Panel Connectors. The location and/or details of these
connections are shown below.

Figure 4: Motherboard Connectors

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Front Panel Connectors

The following are all connectors situated along the front edge of the motherboard. They are often
connected to buttons and LED’s situated on the front panel of the case.

JFP1 JFP2

Hard Disk L.E.D. Connector

This goes to the Hard Disk L.E.D. on the front panel, which lights up when the IDE Hard Disk is in
use.

Reset switch connector

When these pins are shorted, it will cause the computer to perform a cold reboot.

Power L.E.D.

This attaches to the power L.E.D on the front panel, to display if the computer is active or not.

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Power On/Off

When these pins are shorted it turns the computer on and off.

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Upgrading the CPU

CAUTION!

Allow time for the processor and heat sink to cool before touching either of them.

The Intel® Core 2 Duo processor together with Level 2 cache chips are housed in a
protective package.

The design of the VIG590MM computer makes it a simple job to replace or upgrade
the processor. To do so please refer to figure 6 and follow the instructions below:

1. The CPU has a plastic cap on it to protect the contact from damage. Before
you have installed the CPU, always cover it to protect the socket pin. Remove
the cap from lever hinge side. The pins of socket reveal. Lift the load lever up
and open the load plate.

2. The CPU has a cover on the bottom to prevent contact damage.
Rotate it to make the pin 1 indicator (yellow triangle) in the left-bottom
corner. The availability of it depends on the CPU packing.

3. Use 2 hands to remove the cover on the bottom of the CPU (if any). Please
note not to touch the underside of it.

4. Align the pin 1 indicators (the triangles on the CPU).

5. Using your forefinger and thumb place CPU in socket. Being careful not to
move the CPU whilst in the socket.

6. Lay the load plate on top of the CPU and press down the load lever until the
lever is locked in place.

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Installing & Removing Memory Modules

Installing Memory

You can install from 512MB to 4GB of memory in the motherboard DIMM sockets.
The motherboard has two DIMM sockets. The motherboard supports the following
memory features:

• 240-pin DIMMs with gold-plated contacts.

• Non-ECC (64-bit) memory.

• 512MB, 1GB and 2GB DDR2 modules.

NOTE: DDR2 SDRAM must meet the Version 1.0 June 2000 JEDEC Solid State

Technology Association specifications for DDR266 SDRAM.

To install DIMMs, follow these steps:

1. Observe the precautions in “Before You Begin”. Turn off the computer and all
Peripheral devices.

2. Remove the computer cover and locate the DIMM sockets.

3. Holding the DIMM by the edges, remove it from its antistatic package.

4. Make sure the clips at either end of the socket are pushed away from the socket.

5. Position the DIMM above the socket. Align the two small notches in the bottom
edge of the DIMM with the keys in the socket. Insert the bottom edge of the
DIMM into the socket.

6. When the DIMM is seated, push down on the top edge of the DIMM until the
retaining clips at the ends of the socket snap into place. Make sure the clips are
firmly in place.

7. Replace the computer cover.

Removing Memory

To remove a DIMM, follow these steps:

1. Observe the precautions in "Before You Begin”.

2. Turn off all peripheral devices connected to the computer. Turn off the computer.

3. Remove the computer cover.

4. Gently spread the retaining clips at each end of the socket. The DIMM pops out

of the socket.

Hold the DIMM by the edges, lift it away from the socket, and store

it in an antistatic package.

5. Reinstall and reconnect any parts you removed or disconnected to reach the

DIMM sockets.

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Figure 6: Removing Memory Modules Figure 6: Removing Memory Modules

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30

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Expansion Slots

The motherboard has two PCI slots and one Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) slot.
To install and configure an expansion card:

1. Install an expansion card following the instructions that came with the chassis.

2. Turn on the system and change the necessary BIOS settings, if any. See Chapter

4, System BIOS.

3. Assign an IRQ to the card. Refer to the tables below.

4. Install the drivers and/or software applications for the expansion card according

to the card documentation.

Table 6: Standard IRQ Assignment

IRQ Priority Standard Function

0 1 System Timer
1 2 Keyboard Controller

2 N/A Programmable Interrupt
4* 12 Communication Port (COM1)
5* 13 IRQ Holder for PCI steering

6 14 Floppy Disk Controller
7* 15 Printer Port (LPT1)

8 3 System CMOS/Real Time Clock
9* 4 IRQ Holder for PCI steering

10* 5 Advanced AC’97 CODEC
11* 6 Standard PCI Graphics Adapter (VGA)
12* 7 PS/2 Compatible Mouse Port

13 8 Numeric Data Processor
14* 9 Primary IDE Channel
15* 10 Secondary IDE Channel

* These IRQs are usually available for ISA or PCI devices

PCI Slots

There are two 32-bit PCI slots on this motherboard. The slots support PCI cards
such as a LAN card, SCSI card, USB card, and other cards that comply with PCI
specifications.

Figure 7: Installing a PCI card

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PCI Express X16 Slots

There is 1 PCI Express X16 slot on the Motherboard which can be used for Graphics
Cards and Sound Cards.

Figure 8: PCIe x16 Slot

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Replacing the Clock/CMOS RAM Battery

A lithium battery is installed in a socket on the system board.
The battery has an estimated life expectancy of seven years. When the battery

starts to weaken, it loses voltage; when the voltage drops below a certain level, the
system settings stored in CMOS RAM (for example, the date and time) may be
wrong.

If the battery fails, you will need to replace it with a CR2032 battery or an equivalent.
As long as local ordinance permits, you may dispose of individual batteries as
normal rubbish. Do not expose batteries to excessive heat or any naked flame.
Keep all batteries away from children.

CAUTION!

Danger of explosion if the battery is incorrectly replaced. Replace only with the
same or equivalent type recommended by Viglen. Discard used batteries according
to manufacturer’s instructions.

The battery is listed as board component ‘S’ on the diagram on Figure 1.
To replace the battery, carry out the following:

1. Observe the precautions in “Before You Begin.”

2. Turn off all peripheral devices connected to the system.

3. Turn off the system.

4. Remove any components that are blocking access to the battery.

5. Figure 1 shows the battery location. Gently pry the battery free from its socket,
taking care to note the "+" and "-" orientation of the battery (Figure 10).

6. Install the new battery in the socket.

1

+

+

2

Figure 9: Removing the Battery

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Chapter 3: Solving Problems

The first part of this chapter helps you identify and solve problems that might occur
when the system is in use. The second part lists error code messages that might be
displayed.

Please remember that if you cannot solve the problem by yourself then you should
contact your suppliers Technical Support for further assistance.

Viglen Technical Support can be reached in the following ways:
Telephone: [phone]

Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]

You can also look for support information on our web site:

http://www.viglen.co.uk

Device drivers and various useful utilities can be downloaded from our ftp site:

ftp://ftp.viglen.co.uk

Resetting the System

Before checking your system for hardware problems, it is always a good idea to try
resetting your computer and see if a re-boot can solve the problem. Most software
related problems can be solved simply by re-booting your PC.

Table 7: Resetting the System

To do the following Press

Soft boot: Clear the system
memory and reload the operating
system (also called warm reset).

<Ctrl + Alt + Del>

Cold boot: Clear the system
memory, halt power to all
peripherals, restart POST, and
reload the operating system.

Power off/on or reset button
(at front of the system)

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Troubleshooting Procedures

This section provides a step-by-step troubleshooting procedure to identify a problem
and locate its source.

CAUTION!

1. Turn off the system and any peripheral devices before you disconnect any
peripheral cables from the system. Otherwise, you can permanently damage the
system or the peripheral devices.

2. Make sure the system is plugged into a properly grounded power outlet.

3. Make sure your keyboard and video display are correctly connected to the
system. Turn on the video display, and turn up its brightness and contrast
controls to at least two-thirds of the maximum (refer to the documentation supplied
with the video display).

4. If the operating system normally loads from the hard disk dr ive, make sure there is
no diskette in the diskette drive. If the operating system normally loads from a
diskette, insert the operating system diskette into the drive.

5. Turn on the system. If the power indicator does not light, but the system seems
to be operating normally, the indicator is probably defective. Monitor the power-on
self test (POST) execution. Each time you turn on the system, the POST checks
the system board, memory, keyboard, and certain peripheral devices.

NOTE: If the POST does not detect any errors, the system beeps once and boots

up.
Errors that do not prevent the boot process (non-fatal errors) display a message that

looks similar to the following:
Error Message Line 1

Error Message Line 2
Press <F2> for Set-up, <F1> to Boot

You can note the error and press <F1> to resume the boot- up process, or
<F2> to enter Set-up.

Errors that prevent the boot process from continuing (fatal errors), are communicated
by a series of audible beeps. If this type of error occurs, refer to the error codes and
messages listed at the end of this chapter.

6. Confirm that the operating system has loaded.

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Problems Operating Add-in Boards

Problems related to add-in boards are usually related to improper board installation
or interrupt and address conflicts. Go through the checklist below to see if you can
correct the problem. If the problem persists after you have checked and corrected all
of these items, contact the board vendor's customer service representative.

Did you install the add-in board according to the manufacturer’s instructions?
Check the documentation that came with the board. Are all cables installed properly?

The following items are suggestions for troubleshooting problems related to PCI/ISA
legacy (non-Plug and Play) add-in boards.

• If the PCI/ISA board uses an interrupt, run Set-up and set the interrupt that is

being used by the PCI/ISA board to Used by PCI/ISA Card. Please refer to the
BIOS manual for details of how to do this.

• If the PCI/ISA legacy board uses memory space between 80000H - 9FFFFH, run

Set-up and set conventional memory to 256 K.

• If the PCI/ISA legacy board uses shared memory between C8000H - DFFFH, run

Set-up and enable shared memory for the appropriate memory space.

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Problems & Suggestions

Table 8: Problems and Suggestions

What happens What to do

Application
software
problems

Try resetting the system.
Make sure all cables are installed correctly.
Verify that the system board jumpers are set properly.
Verify that your system hardware configuration is set

correctly. In Setup, check the values against the system
settings you recorded previously. If an error is evident
(wrong type of drive specified, for example), make the
change in Setup and reboot the system. Record your
change.

Make sure the software is properly configured for the
system. Refer to the software documentation for
information.

Try a different copy of the software to see if the problem is
with the copy you are using.

If other software runs correctly on the system, contact the
vendor of the software that fails.

If you check all of the above with no success, try clearing
CMOS RAM and reconfiguring the system. Make sure
you have your list of system settings available to re-enter,
because clearing CMOS RAM sets the options to their
default values.

Characters on­screen are
distorted or
incorrect

Make sure the brightness and contrast controls are
properly adjusted on the monitor.

Make sure the video signal cable and power cables are
properly installed.

Make sure your monitor is compatible with the video
mode you have selected.

Characters do not
appear on screen

Make sure the video display is plugged in and turned on.
Check that the brightness and contrast controls are

properly adjusted.
Check that the video signal cable is properly installed.
Make sure a video board is installed, enabled, and the

jumpers are positioned correctly.
Reboot the system.

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Table 8: Problems and Suggestions (Continued)

What happens What to do

CMOS RAM
settings are wrong

If system settings stored in CMOS RAM change for no
apparent reason (for example, the time of day develops
an error), the backup battery may no longer have enough
power to maintain the settings. Replace the battery
(Chapter 2).

Diskette drive light
does not go on
when drive is in
use or is tested by
POST

Make sure the power and signal cables for the drive are
properly installed.

Check that the drive is properly configured and enabled in
Setup.

Hard drive light does
not go on when drive
is in use or is tested
by POST

Make sure the power and signal cables for the drive are properly
installed.

Make sure the front panel connector is securely attached to the
system board headers.

Check that the drive is properly configured and enabled in Setup.
Check the drive manufacturer's manual for proper configuration for

remote hard disk drive activity.

Power-on light does
not go on

If the system is operating normally, check the connector between the
system board and the front panel. If OK, the light may be defective.

Prompt doesn't
appear after system
boots

It’s probably switched off.
A serious fault may have occurred consult your dealer service

department / Technical Support.

Setup, can't enter

If you can't enter Setup to make changes, check the switch that
disables entry into Setup (Chapter 2). If the switch is set to allow
entry into Setup, you might need to clear CMOS RAM to the default
values and reconfigure the system in Setup.

System halts before
completing POST

This indicates a fatal system error that requires immediate service
attention. Note the screen display and write down any beep code
emitted. Provide this information to your dealer service department /
Technical Support.

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Chapter 4: System BIOS

What is the BIOS?

The BIOS (Basic Input Output System) is an important piece of software which is
stored in a ROM (Read Only Memory) chip inside the computer. It consists of the
basic instructions for controlling the disk drives, hard disk, keyboard and
serial/parallel ports. The BIOS also keeps a list of the specifications of the computer
in battery-backed RAM (also known as the CMOS RAM) and provides a special
Setup program to change this information.

The BIOS in your Viglen computer is guaranteed to be fully compatible with the IBM
BIOS. It has been written by Phoenix Award BIOS, an industrial leader in the field of
BIOS software.

The Power-On sequence

When the computer is first switched on, certain instructions in the BIOS are executed
to test various parts of the machine. This is known as the POST (Power-On Self
Test) routine. When you switch the computer on (or when you press the Reset
button or press <Ctrl> + <Alt>+ <Delete> keys, which has the same effect), you can
see on the monitor that it counts through the memory, testing it. The floppy disk
drives are then accessed and tested, and the various interfaces are checked. If there
are any errors, a message is displayed on the screen.

Having passed all the tests, and if you have activated the password facility, the BIOS
then asks you to enter the boot password to continue. The following section
describes how to do this. The BIOS then loads the operating system, either - MS
DOS, Windows 98SE, OS/2 or NetWare, etc. - from the hard disk (or floppy disk if
one is inserted in Drive A: The computer is then ready for use.

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Phoenix Award BIOS

Introduction

The motherboard uses a Phoenix BIOS, which is stored in flash memory and can be
upgraded using a disk-based program. In addition to the BIOS, the flash memory
contains the Setup program, Power-On Self Test (POST), Advanced Power
Management (APM), the PCI auto-configuration utility, and is Windows 95-ready
Plug and Play. This motherboard supports system BIOS shadowing, allowing the
BIOS to execute from 64-bit onboard write-protected DRAM.

The BIOS displays a message during POST identifying the type of BIOS and the
revision code.

BIOS Upgrades

A new version of the BIOS can be upgraded from a diskette using the AFUDOS.EXE
utility that is available from the Viglen FTP site. This utility does BIOS upgrades as
follows:

• Updates the flash BIOS from a file on a disk.

• Updates the language section of the BIOS.

• Makes sure that the upgrade BIOS matches the target system to prevent

accidentally installing a BIOS for a different type of system.

BIOS upgrades and the AWFL855A.EXE utility may be available online at
www.viglen.co.uk or by request.

NOTE: Please review the instructions distributed with the upgrade utility before

attempting a BIOS upgrade.

Using AWDFLASH to update the BIOS

The BIOS can be updated using the AWFL855A.EXE utility in DOS environment.

• Copy the AWFL855A.EXE utility to the bootable floppy disk that contains the

BIOS file.

• Boot the system from the floppy disk.

• At the DOS prompt, type the command line:

Awfl855a filename.bin

Where “filename.bin” means the latest (or original) BIOS file that you copied to the
bootable floppy disk.
The whole process is automated and needs no input from the user.

DO NOT shutdown or reset the system while updating the BIOS! Doing so may

cause system boot failure!

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When the BIOS update process is complete, the utility reboots the system.
Once the system has been restarted it will hold on the Pre-BIOS screen. At this
stage the following need to be completed before starting windows.

1. The system will halt on pre-BIOS, at this point you need to shut the machine
down.

2. Reboot the computer.

3. System will holt on the pre-BIOS screen and display an error message
(CMOS checksum error – Defaults loaded)

4. Enter the BIOS setup by pressing DEL

5. Once in the setup load the optimized settings by selecting ‘Load Optimized
Defaults’

6. Exit the setup by selecting ‘Save & Exit setup’.

7. Now boot in to windows.

When you reboot the system it will hold on the Pre-BIOS screen. At this stage there
will be an error message shown and details of the current BIOS. Check the BIOS
version. The BIOS version is made up of the BIOS file name, version, build and time
of flash. E.g.

W7103SMS V1.0 121404 14:27:50

The V number is the version, in this case Version 1.0.
This requires the user to choose one of two options. Either F1 to continue with the

default BIOS settings loaded or DEL to enter the BIOS setup.
Enter the BIOS setup and select ‘load optimized default’. Then select ‘Save & Exit
setup’.

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Configuring the Motherboard using BIOS Setup

Before You Begin

CAUTION!

• Always follow the steps in each procedure in the correct order.

• Set up a log to record information about your computer, such as model, serial

numbers, installed options, and configuration information.

• Use an anti-static wrist strap and a conductive foam pad when working on the
motherboard.

WARNINGS

The procedures in this chapter assume familiarity with the general terminology
associated with personal computers and with the safety practices and regulatory
compliance required for using and modifying electronic equipment.

Disconnect the computer from its power source and from any telecommunications
links, networks, or modems before performing any of the procedures described in
this chapter. Failure to disconnect power, telecommunications links, networks, or
modems before you open the computer or perform any procedures can result in
personal injury or equipment damage. Some circuitry on the motherboard may
continue to operate even though the front panel power button is off.

CAUTION!

Electrostatic discharge (ESD) can damage components. Perform the procedures
described in this chapter only at an ESD workstation. If such a station is not
available, you can provide some ESD protection by wearing an anti-static wrist strap
and attaching it to a metal part of the computer chassis.

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BIOS Setup Program

This motherboard supports a programmable firmware hub (FWH) that you can
update using the provided utility described in section “2.1 Managing and updating
your BIOS.”

Use the BIOS Setup program when you are installing a motherboard, reconfiguring
your system, or prompted to “Run Setup”. This section explains how to configure
your system using this utility.

Even if you are not prompted to use the Setup program, you may want to change the
configuration of your computer in the future. For example, you may want to enable
the security password feature or change the power management settings. This
requires you to reconfigure your system using the BIOS Setup program so that the
computer can recognise these changes and record them in the CMOS RAM of the
firmware hub.

The firmware hub on the motherboard stores the Setup utility. When you start up the
computer, the system provides you with the opportunity to run this program. Press
<Delete> during the Power-On Self Test (POST) to enter the Setup utility. Otherwise,
POST continues with its test routines.

If you wish to enter Setup after POST, restart the system by pressing <Ctrl> + <Alt>
+ <Delete>, or by pressing the reset button on the system chassis. You can also
restart by turning the system off and then back on. Do this last option only if the first
two failed.

The Setup program is designed to make it as easy to use as possible. It is a menu
driven program, which means you can scroll through the various sub-menus and
make your selections from the available options using the navigation keys.

NOTE: If the system becomes unstable after changing any BIOS settings, load the

default settings to ensure system stability. Select the Load Default Settings item
under the Exit Menu.

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Main Menu Items

The Main menu is the first screen you are presented with on entering the BIOS
setup.

Figure 10: Main Menu

Sub Menu Items: An item with a sub-menu on any menu screen is distinguished

by a solid triangle before the item. To display the sub-menu, select the item and
press Enter.

Configuration Fields: These fields show the values for the menu items. If an

item is user-configurable, you may change the value of the field opposite the item.
You cannot select an item that is not user-configurable.

A configurable field is enclosed in brackets, and is highlighted when selected. To
change the value of a field, select it then press Enter to display a list of options.

Pop Up Window:

Select a menu item then press Enter to display a pop-up

window with the configuration options for that item.

Scroll Bar : A scroll bar appears on the right side of a menu screen when there

are items that do not fit on the screen. Press left/right or Up/Down arrow keys or
PageUp/PageDown keys to display the other items on the screen.

General Help: To view general help press F1. This displays help information

on the particular option you are in.

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Main BIOS Menu Screen

Figure 11: BIOS Menu Screen

Standard CMOS features: For changing the basic system configuration
Advanced BIOS features: For accessing advanced system settings
Advanced Chipset Features: For accessing Advanced chipset settings
Integrated Peripherals: For changing PCI, AGP and USB settings
Power Management Setup: For accessing advanced power management (APM)

configuration

PnP/PCI Configurations: For changing IRQ settings
PC Health Status: Displays information regarding CPU temp and fan speed
Frequency/Voltage Control: For changing the CPU frequency and displaying

current frequency information

Load Optimized Defaults: loads BOIS default values
BIOS setting password: option that allows a password to be set to access and

change BIOS settings.

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Save & Exit Setup: this option will save any changes made that have been made
whilst using the BIOS CMOS setup utility and exit out of the BIOS CMOS setup
utility.

Exit Without Saving: this option will not save any changes made that have been
made whilst using the BIOS CMOS setup utility and exit out of the BIOS CMOS
setup utility.

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Standard CMOS Features

When you enter the BIOS Setup program, the Main menu screen appears giving you
an overview of the basic system information.

Figure 12: Standard CMOS features

System Date: This item allows you to set the system date [mm:dd:yyyy].
System Time: This item allows you to set the system time [hh:mm:ss]
IDE Primary/Secondary Master/Slave: This shows what devices are running of

which IDE channel.

Floppy Drive A [1.44M, 3.5 in.]: Sets the type of floppy drive installed. Configuration

options:

[Disabled] [360K, 5.25 in.] [1.2M, 5.25 in.] [720K, 3.5 in.] [1.44M, 3.5 in.] [2.88M,

3.5 in.]

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IDE Primary/Secondary Master/Slave

Figure 13: SATA Device Sub-Menu

LBA/Large Mode: This indicates the mode of the hard drive. Leave on auto if mode

is not known.

DMA Mode: Allows the hard drive direct access to the memory.
Hard Drive S.M.A.R.T: If the hard drive used supports S.M.A.R.T (Self-Monitoring,

Analysis and Reporting Technology)

then this allows all the functions to be used.

Size: This indicates the capacity of the hard drive.

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Advanced BIOS features

The Advanced menu items allow you to change the settings for the CPU and
other system devices.

CAUTION!

Take caution when changing the settings of the Advanced menu items. Incorrect
field values may cause the system to malfunction.

Figure 14: Advanced BIOS features Sub-Menu

Boot Sector Protection

This function protects the BIOS from accidental corruption by unauthorized users or
computer viruses. When enabled, the BIOS’ data cannot be changed when
attempting to update the BIOS with a Flash utility. To successfully update the BIOS,
you’ll need to disable this Flash BIOS Protection function. You should enable this
function at all times. The only time when you need to disable it is when you want to
update the BIOS. After updating the BIOS, you should immediately re-enable it to
protect it against viruses.

Full Screen LOGO Display

This item enables you to show the company logo on the bootup screen. Settings are:
[Enabled] Shows a still image (logo) on the full screen at boot. [Disabled] Shows the
POST messages at boot.

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Quick Booting: This speeds up the boot time of the system by not running a full
memory test. If disabled, the boot time varies according to the amount of memory
installed.

Boot Up Num-Lock LED

This setting is to set the Num Lock status when the system is powered on. Setting to
[On] will turn on the Num Lock key when the system is powered on. Setting to [Off]
will allow users to use the arrow keys on the numeric keypad.

IOAPIC Function

This field is used to enable or disable the APIC (Advanced Programmable Interrupt
Controller). Due to compliance with PC2001 design guide, the system is able to run
in APIC mode. Enabling APIC mode will expand available IRQ resources for the
system.

MPS Table Version

This field allows you to select which MPS (Multi-Processor Specification) version to
be used for the operating system. You need to select the MPS version supported by
your operating system. To find out which version to use, consult the vendor of your
operating system.

CPU Feature

Press <Enter> to enter the sub-menu:

Hyper-Threading Technology

This field appears only when the CPU supports Hyper-Threading. The processor
uses Hyper-Threading technology to increase transaction rates and reduces
end-user response times. The technology treats the two cores inside the
proces sor as two logic al pr oc ess ors that can exec ute ins tructions
simultaneously. In this way, the system performance is highly improved. If you
disable the function, the processor will use only one core to execute the
instructions.

Set Limit CPUID MaxVal to 3

The Max CPUID Value Limit is designed to limit the listed speed of the processor
to older operating systems.

Chipset Feature

Press <Enter> to enter the sub-menu:

HPET

The HPET (High Precision Event Timers) is a component that is part of the chipset.
You can to enable it, and will provide you with the means to get to it via the
various ACPI methods.

VGA Share Memory Size

The system shares memory to the onboard VGA card. This setting controls the
exact memory size shared to the VGA card.

Boot Sequence

Press <Enter> to enter the sub-menu:

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1st/ 2nd Boot Device

The items allow you to set the first/ second/ third boot device where BIOS
attempts to load the disk operating system.

Boot From Other Device

Setting the option to [Yes] allows the system to try to boot from other device. if
the system fails to boot from the 1st/ 2nd boot device.

Trusted Computing

Press <Enter> to enter the sub-menu:

TCG/TPM SUPPORT

This setting allows you to enable/disable the TCG/TPM.

Excute TPM Command

This item allows you to enable or disable the TPM security chip.

Clearing the TPM

This item allows you to clear the user information saved in the TPM security chip.
When you press <Enter>, a warning message will appear to ask if you want to
clear the user information in the security chip. Use the left / right arrow key to
select between [OK] and [Cancel], then press <Enter> to confirm your choice.

TPM Enable/Disable Status

This item is not configurable.

TPM Owner Status

This item is not configurable.

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Integrated Peripherals

Figure 15: Integrated Peripherals Menu

USB Controller

This setting allows you to enable/disable the onboard USB controller.

USB Device Legacy Support

Select [Enabled] if you need to use a USB-interfaced device in the operating system.

Onboard LAN Controller

This item is used to enable/disable the onboard LAN controller.

LAN Option ROM

This item is used to decide whether to invoke the Boot ROM of the LAN controller.

Onboard IEEE1394 Controller

This item allows you to enable/disable the onboard IEEE1394 controller.

Audio Controller

This setting is used to enable/disable the onboard audio controller.

On-Chip ATA Devices

Press <Enter> to enter the sub-menu:

On-Chip IDE Controller

These items allow users to enable or disable the IDE controller.

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PCI IDE BusMaster

This item allows you to enable/ disable BIOS to used PCI busmastering for
reading/ writing to IDE drives.

On-Chip SATA Controller

These items allow users to enable or disable the SATA controller.

RAID Mode

This item is used to enable/disable the RAID function for SATA devices.

AHCI Devices Group

Press <Enter> to enter the AHCI settings sub-menu. The submenu displays the
status of auto detection of IDE devices.

AHCI Port0~3

Press <Enter> to enter the sub-menu. These submenu allow users to select
the type of devices connected to the system.

I/O Device Configuration

Press <Enter> to enter the sub-menu:

COM Port 1/2

Select an address and corresponding interrupt for the first serial port.

Parallel Port

There is a built-in parallel port on the on-board Super I/O chipset that provides
Standard, ECP, and EPP features. It has the following options:
[Disabled]
[3BC] Line Printer port 0
[278] Line Printer port 2
[378] Line Printer port 1

Parallel Port Mode

This item allows you to select the parallel port mode.

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Power Management Setup

Figure 16: Power Management Setup menu

ACPI Function

This item is to activate the ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Management
Interface) Function. If your operating system is ACPI-aware, such as Windows 2000/
XP, select [Enabled].

ACPI Standby State

This item specifies the power saving modes for ACPI function. If your operating
system supports ACPI, such as Windows 2000/ XP , you can choose to enter the
Standby mode in S1(POS) or S3(STR) fashion through the setting of this field.
Settings
are:

• [S1] The S1 sleep mode is a low power state. In this state, no system context
is lost (CPU or chipset) and hardware maintains all system context.

• [S3] The S3 sleep mode is a lower power state where the in formation of
system configuration and open applications/files is saved to main memory that
remains powered while most other hardware components turn off to save
energy. The information stored in memory will be used to restore the system
when a “wake up” event occurs.

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Suspend Time Out (Minute)

If system activity is not detected for the length of time specified in this field, all
devices except CPU will be shut off.

Power Button Function

This feature sets the function of the power button. Settings are:
[On/ Off] The power button functions as normal power off button.
[Suspend] When you press the power button, the computer enters the
suspend/sleep mode, but if the button is pressed for more
than four seconds, the computer is turned off.

Restore On AC Power Loss

This item specifies whether your system will reboot after a power failure or interrupt
occurs. Settings are:
[Off] Always leaves the computer in the power off state.
[On] Always leaves the computer in the power on state.
[Last State] Restores the system to the status before power failure
or interrupt occurred.

Wakeup Event Setup

Press <Enter> and the following sub-menu appears.

Resume From S3 By USB Device

The item allows the activity of the USB device to wake up the system from S3
(Suspend to RAM) sleep state.

Resume From S3 By PS/2 Keyboard

This setting determines whether the system will be awakened from what power
saving modes when input signal of the PS/2 keyboard is detected.

Resume From S3 By PS/2 Mouse

This setting determines whether the system will be awakened from what power
saving modes when input signal of the PS/2 mouse is detected.

Resume by PCI Device (PME#)

When set to [Enabled], the feature allows your system to be awakened from the
power saving modes through any event on PME (Power Management Event).

Resume by PCI-E Device

When set to [Enabled], the feature allows your system to be awakened from the
power saving modes through any event on PCIE device.

Resume by RTC Alarm

The field is used to enable or disable the feature of booting up the system on a
scheduled time/date.

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PNP/PCI Configurations

PCI, or Peripheral Component Interconnect, is a system which allows I/O devices to
operate at speeds nearing the speed the CPU itself uses when communicating with
its special components. This section covers some very technical items and it is
strongly recommended that only experienced users should make any changes to the
default settings.

Figure 17: PnP/PCI Configurations menu

Primary Graphic’s Adapter

This setting specifies which graphics card is your primary graphics adapter.

PCI Latency Timer

This item controls how long each PCI device can hold the bus before another takes
over. When set to higher values, every PCI device can conduct transactions for a
longer time and thus improve the effective PCI bandwidth. For better PCI
performance, you should set the item to higher values.

PCI Slot 1/ 2 IRQ

These items specify the IRQ line for each PCI slot.

IRQ Resource Setup

Press <Enter> to enter the sub-menu.

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Figure 18: IRQ Resource Setup

IRQ 3/4/5/7/9/10/11/14/15

These items specify the bus where the specified IRQ line is used. The settings
determine if AMIBIOS should remove an IRQ from the pool of available IRQs passed
to devices that are configurable by the system BIOS. The available IRQ pool is
determined by reading the ESCD NVRAM. If more IRQs must be removed from the
IRQ pool, the end user can use these settings to reserve the IRQ by assigning an
[Reserved] setting to it. Onboard I/O is configured by AMIBIOS. All IRQs used by
onboard I/O are configured as [Available]. If all IRQs are set to [Reserved], and IRQ
14/15 are allocated to the onboard PCI IDE, IRQ 9 will still be available for PCI and
PnP devices.

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H/W Monitor

Figure 19: Hardware monitor menu

Chassis Intrusion

The field enables or disables the feature of recording the chassis intrusion status and
issuing a warning message if the chassis is once opened. To clear the warning
message, set the field to [Reset]. The setting of the field will automatically return to
Enabled] later.

CPU Smart FAN Target

The mainboard provides the Smart Fan function which can control the CPU fan
speed automatically depending on the current temperature to keep it with in a
specific range. You can select a fan target value here. If the current CPU fan
temperature reaches to the target value, the smart fan function will be activated. It
provides several sections to speed up for cooling down automatically.

CPU Min.FAN speed(%)

This item allows users to select how percentage of minimum speed limit for the CPU
fan.

PC Health Status

CPU/ System Temperature, CPU FAN/ SYS FAN1/ SYS FAN2 Speed, CPU
Vcore, 3.3V, 5V, 12V
These items display the current status of all of the monitored hardware devices/
components such as CPU voltage, temperatures and all fans’ speeds.

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Cell Menu

Figure 20: Cell Menu configuration

Current CPU / DRAM Frequency

These items show the current clocks of CPU and Memory speed. Read-only.

Adjust CPU FSB Frequency

This item allows you to set the CPU FSB frequency (in MHz).

Adjust CPU Ratio

This field appears only when the CPU supports this function. This item allows you to
set the CPU ratio.

Adjusted CPU Frequency

It shows the adjusted CPU frequency (FSB x Ratio). Read-only.

Advance DRAM Configuration

Press <Enter> to enter the sub-menu.

Configuration DRAM Timing by SPD

Setting to [Enabled] enables DRAM CAS# Latency automatically to be determined
by BIOS based on the configurations on the SPD (Serial Presence Detect) EEPROM
on the DRAM module.

DRAM CAS# Latency

When the Configuration DRAM Timing by SPD sets to [Disabled], the field is

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adjustable.This controls the CAS latency, which determines the timing delay (in
clock cycles) before SDRAM starts a read command after receiving it.

DRAM RAS# to CAS# Delay

When the Configuration DRAM Timing by SPD sets to [Disabled], the field is
adjustable. When DRAM is refreshed, both rows and columns are addressed
separately. This setup item allows you to determine the timing of the transition
from RAS (row address strobe) to CAS (column address strobe). The less the
clock cycles, the faster the DRAM performance.

DRAM RAS# Precharge

When the Configuration DRAM Timing by SPD sets to [Disabled], this field is
adjustable. This setting controls the number of cycles for Row Address Strobe
(RAS) to be allowed to precharge. If insufficient time is allowed for the RAS to
accumulate its charge before DRAM refresh, refresh may be incomplete and
DRAM may fail to retain data. This item applies only when synchronous DRAM is
installed in the system.

DRAM RAS# Activate to Precharge

When the Configuration DRAM Timing by SPD sets to [Disabled], the field is
adjustable. This setting determines the time RAS takes to read from and write to
a memory cell. This item applies only when synchronous DRAM is installed in the
system.

FSB/Memory Ratio

This item will allow you to adjust the FSB/Ratio of the memory.

Adjusted DRAM Frequency

It shows the adjusted DDR Memory frequency. Read-only.

Adjust PCI Express Frequency

This field allows you to select the PCIE frequency (in MHz).

Auto Disable DIMM/PCI Frequency

When set to [Enabled], the system will remove (turn off) clocks from empty DIMM
and
PCI slots to minimize the electromagnetic interference (EMI).

Spread Spectrum, System / PCIE Spread Spectrum

When the motherboard’s clock generator pulses, the extreme values (spikes) of the
pulses create EMI (Electromagnetic Interference). The Spread Spectrum function
reduces the EMI generated by modulating the pulses so that the spikes of the pulses
are reduced to flatter curves. If you do not have any EMI problem, leave the setting
at Disabled for optimal system stability and performance. But if you are plagued by
EMI, set to Enabled for EMI reduction. Remember to disable Spread Spectrum if you
are overclocking because even a slight jitter can introduce a temporary boost in
clock speed which may just cause your overclocked processor to lock up.

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Main Menu Additional Options

Figure 21: Main Menu

Load Optimized Defaults: Loads the BIOS defaults that are set by the factory for

optimal performance.
BIOS Settings Password: Allows a password to be set to restrict access to the

BIOS configuration
Save & Exit Setup: Allows the settings that have been changed to be saved and

exits the BIOS setup menu. This also reboots the machine.
Exit Without Saving: Exits the BIOS setup menu without saving any setting that

have been changed. This also reboots the machine.

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Chapter 5: Technical Information

NOTE: This chapter is indented for experienced users only, and only to be used as a

reference. Changes to or modify any of the components/ connectors listed herein
can and will seriously damage your system, including the motherboard, CPU and/or
any other hardware.

You do not need to read this chapter to configure your motherboard. If you are not
sure about the details listed herein, please skip and disregard them.

Enhanced IDE

IDE has been used in computer systems for some time, and has been a cheap
solution to data storage. It has now been realised that traditional IDE has its
limitations and thus needed to be improved. This was where Enhanced IDE came
from. The main developments to the IDE interface are:

• Support hard drives of capacity greater than 528MB. This is achieved through
BIOS changes.

• Improved data transfer rates. Transfer rates of 1-3MB/sec were the best to be
expected from older IDE drives. With local bus technology this increased to about
6MB/sec. Now with multimedia applications, requiring vast amounts of
information, even faster transfers rates were needed. Now drives with Enhanced
IDE controllers can deliver up to 13MB/sec which is in the region of SCSI-2
performance.

• Dual-IDE channels have now been added which allo ws up to four IDE drives to be
supported by the system. Each channel supporting two IDE devices.

• Non disk IDE peripherals have been developed (IDE CD-ROMs, IDE tape
streamers) which can be simply attached to the one channel requiring no special
hardware (requiring the use of an ISA slot) or complicated drivers. This is a
standard interface meaning that any IDE CD-ROM or tape streamer can be
attached.

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Operating Systems and Hard Drives

Standard CHS is the translation that has been used for years. Its use limits IDE
capacity to maximum of 528MB regardless of the size of the drive used.

Logical Block mode overcomes the 528MB maximum size limitation imposed by the
Standard CHS mode. It should be used only when the drive supports LBA (Logical
Block Addressing), and the OS supports LBA, or uses the BIOS to access the disk.

Extended CHS mode also overcomes the 528MB maximum size limitation imposed
by Standard CHS mode. It can be used with drives which are larger than 528MB that
do not support LBA.

Auto Detected allows the BIOS to examine the drive and determine the optimal
mode. The first choice is to utilise Logical Block mode if it is supported by the drive.
The second choice is to utilise Extended CHS mode if the drive topology allows. If
neither of the above methods is possible, the Standard CHS mode is used.

Different operating systems have different abilities regarding IDE translation mode.
UNIX operating systems (as currently implemented) do not support either LBA or

ECHS and must utilise the standard CHS method. UNIX can support drives larger
than 528MB, but does so in its own way.

OS/2 2.1 and OS/2 Warp can support LBA, ECHS or standard CHS methods. Note
that LBA support may require a switch setting on an OS/2 driver in order to operate
in that mode.

OS/2 2.0 & Novel NetWare can support either ECHS or standard CHS methods. In
order to use LBA with NetWare a driver that supports current parameters must be
used.OS/2 2.0 does not support LBA.

DOS & Windows can use LBA, ECHS or standard CHS methods. The '32-bit Disk
Access' driver built into Windows WDCTRL.386 can only be used with the standard
CHS method, To use either LBA or ECHS method and '32-bit Disk Access' an
alternative .386 driver must be installed, this combination will also provide the best
performance. If this driver is not installed and the drive fitted to the system supports
Type F DMA on the ISA interface or Mode 3 on the PCI interface then higher
performance will be achieved by NOT using '32-bit Disk Access'.

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Power Supply Connector

When used with an ATX-compliant power supply that supports remote power on/off,
the motherboard can turn off the system power through software control.

To enable soft-off control in software, advanced power management must be
enabled in the Setup program and in the operating system. When the system BIOS
receives the correct APM command from the operating system, the BIOS turns off
power to the computer.

With soft-off enabled, if power to the computer is interrupted by a power outage or a
disconnected power cord, when power resumes, the computer returns to the power
state it was in before power was interrupted (on or off).

Table 10: Power Supply Connector

Pin Signal Name

1 +3.3 V
2 +3.3 V
3 Ground
4 +5 V
5 Ground
6 +5 V
7 Ground
8 PWRGD (Power Good)
9 +5 VSB (Standby)
10 +12 V
11 +3.3 V
12 -12 V
13 Ground
14 PS-ON# (power supply remote on/off control)
15 Ground
16 Ground
17 Ground
18 -5 V
19 +5 V
20 +5 V

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Other Useful Connectors

Table 12: Front Panel I/O Connectors

Connector Pin Signal

Name

Connector Pin Signal

Name

Sleep/Power
LED Green

2 +5 V HDD LED 1 +5V HDD

Sleep/Power
LED Yellow

4 0 v HDD LED 3 OV HDD

Power Switch 6 SWITCH ON RESET 5 RESET
Power Switch 8 Ground RESET 7 Ground
No connection 10 None No

connection

9 +5V

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Table 13: PS/2 Keyboard/Mouse Connectors

Pin Signal Name

1 Data
2 No connect
3 Ground
4 +5 V (fused)
5 Clock
6 No connect

Table 14: Stacked USB Connectors

Pin Signal Name

1 +5 V (fused)
2 USBP0# [USBP1#]
3 USBP0 [USBP1]
4 Ground

Table 15: Serial Port Connectors

Pin Signal Name

1 DCD
2 Serial In #
3 Serial Out #
4 DTR#
5 Ground
6 DSR
7 RTS
8 CTS
9 RI

Table 16: Audio Line Out Connector

Pin Signal Name

Sleeve Ground
Tip Audio Left Out
Ring Audio Right Out

Table 17: Audio Line In Connector

Pin Signal Name

Sleeve Ground
Tip Audio Left In
Ring Audio Right In

Table 18: Audio Mic In Connector

Pin Signal Name

Sleeve Ground
Tip Mono In
Ring Electret Bias Voltage

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Table 19: Parallel Port Connector

Pin Signal Name Pin Signal Name

1 Strobe# 14 Auto Feed#
2 Data bit 0 15 Fault#
3 Data bit 1 16 INIT#
4 Data bit 2 17 SLCT IN#
5 Data bit 3 18 Ground
6 Data bit 4 19 Ground
7 Data bit 5 20 Ground
8 Data bit 6 21 Ground
9 Data bit 7 22 Ground
10 ACK# 23 Ground
11 Busy 24 Ground
12 Error 25 Ground
13 Select

Table 20: PCI Bus Connectors

Pin Signal

Name

Pin Signal Name Pin Signal

Name

Pin Signal

Name

A1 Ground

(TRST#)*

B1 -12 V A32 AD16 B32 AD17

A2 +12 V B2 Ground (TCK)* A33 +3.3 V B33 C/BE2#
A3 +5 V

(TMS)*

B3 Ground A34 FRAME# B34 Ground

A4 +5 V (TDI)* B4 no connect (TDO)* A35 Ground B35 IRDY#
A5 +5 V B5 +5 V A36 TRDY# B36 +3.3 V
A6 INTA# B6 +5 V A37 Ground B37 DEVSEL#
A7 INTC# B7 INTB# A38 STOP# B38 Ground
A8 +5 V B8 INTD# A39 +3.3 V B39 LOCK#
A9 Reserved B9 no connect

(PRSNT1#)*

A40 +5 V

(SDONE)*

B40 PERR#

A10 +5 V (I/O) B10 Reserved A41 +5 V

(SBO#)*

B41 +3.3 V

A11 Reserved B11 no connect

(PRSNT2#)*

A42 Ground B42 SERR#

A12 Ground B12 Ground A43 PAR B43 +3.3 V
A13 Ground B13 Ground A44 AD15 B44 C/BE1#
A14 +3.3 V aux B14 Reserved A45 +3.3 V B45 AD14
A15 RST# B15 Ground A46 AD13 B46 Ground
A16 +5 V (I/O) B16 CLK A47 AD11 B47 AD12
A17 GNT# B17 Ground A48 Ground B48 AD10
A18 Ground B18 REQ# A49 AD09 B49 Ground
A19 PME# B19 +5 V (I/O) A50 Key B50 Key
A20 AD30 B20 AD31 A51 Key B51 Key
A21 +3.3 V B21 AD29 A52 C/BE0# B52 AD08

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A22 AD28 B22 Ground A53 +3.3 V B53 AD07
A23 AD26 B23 AD27 A54 AD06 B54 +3.3 V
A24 Ground B24 AD25 A55 AD04 B55 AD05
A25 AD24 B25 +3.3 V A56 Ground B56 AD03
A26 IDSEL B26 C/BE3# A57 AD02 B57 Ground
A27 +3.3 V B27 AD23 A58 AD00 B58 AD01
A28 AD22 B28 Ground A59 +5 V (I/O) B59 +5 V (I/O)
A29 AD20 B29 AD21 A60 REQ64C# B60 ACK64C#
A30 Ground B30 AD19 A61 +5 V B61 +5 V
A31 AD18 B31 +3.3 V A62 +5 V B62 +5 V

* These signals (in parentheses) are optional in the PCI specification and are not

currently implemented.

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Table 21: Front Panel USB

Pin Pin

Assignment

Pin Pin

Assignment
1 VCC 2 VCC
3 Data0 - 4 Data1 ­5 Data0 + 6 Data1 +
7 Ground 8 Ground
9 NC 10 NC

Table 22: COM2

Pin Pin

Assignment

Pin Pin

Assignment
1 DCD 2 RXD
3 TXD 4 DTR
5 Ground 6 DSR
7 RTS 8 CTS
9 RI 10 NC

Table 23: Internal Speaker

Pin Pin

Assignment
1 Signal
2 NC
3 Ground
4 +5V

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Other Information

Reliability

The mean time between failures (MTBF) prediction is calculated using component
and subassembly random failure rates. The calculation is based on the Bellcore
Reliability Prediction Procedure, TR-NWT-000332, Issue 4, September 1991.

The MTBF prediction is for:

• Redesigning the motherboard for alternate components if failure rates
exceed reliability expectations.

• Estimating repair rates and spare parts requirements.

MTBF data is calculated from predicted data @ 55 °C.
The MTBF prediction for the motherboard is 213,209 hours.

Temperature

Table 24: Temperature

Temperature Specification

Non-operating

-40°C to +70°C

Operating

0°C to +55°C

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Chapter 6: Glossary

BIOS

(Basic Input Output System) This is software stored on a chip and consists of the
instructions necessary for the computer to function. The System BIOS contains the
instructions for the keyboard, disk drives etc., and the VGA BIOS controls the VGA
graphics card.

CPU

Central Processing Unit. This is the main piece of equipment on the motherboard.
The CPU processes data, tells memory what to store and the video card what to
display.

Default
The configuration of the system when it is switched on or the standard settings
before any changes are made.

DIMM

Dual In-Line Memory Module, a type of memory module used for the systems main
memory.

Driver

A piece of software which is used by application software to control some special
features. Each graphics board and printer requires its own driver.

D-Type

A common type of connector used for connecting printers, serial ports, game port,
and many other types of interface.

DRAM

Dynamic Ram used for main system memory, providing a moderately fast but cheap
storage solution.

FDC

Floppy Disk Controller - the interface for connecting floppy disk drives to the
computer.

Hercules

A monochrome graphics video mode which first appeared in the Hercules graphics
card. Provides a resolution of 720 by 348 pixels.

IDE

Integrated Drive Electronics - currently the most popular type of interface for hard
disk drives. Much of the circuitry previously required on hard disk controller cards is
now integrated on the hard disk itself.

Interface

The electronics providing a connection between two pieces of equipment. For
example, a printer interface connects a computer to a printer.

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Interlace

The mode the graphics card uses to refresh a monitor screen. When the graphics is
in interlace mode, the frequency of the display update is lower than in non-interlace
mode. This causes a slight flicker, so generally non-interlaced mode is better if the
monitor supports it.

L.E.D.

Light Emitting Diode - a light which indicates activity - for example hard disk access.

PCI

Peripheral Component Interface. It became apparent to manufacturers that the
8MHz AT ISA BUS on the standard PC was just not fast enough for today's
applications, and so PCI was invented. It is a high speed data bus that carries
information to and from components - known as 'Local Bus'.

RAM

Random Access Memory - the memory used by the computer for running programs
and storing data.

ROM

Read Only Memory - a memory chip which doesn't lose its data when the system is
switched off. It is used to store the System BIOS and VGA BIOS instructions. It is
slower than RAM.

Shadow Memory

The BIOS is normally stored in ROM. On certain systems it can be copied to RAM on
power up to make it go faster. This RAM is known as shadow memory. The System
BIOS is responsible for this copying.

Super VGA

Additional screen modes and capabilities provided over and above the standard
VGA defined by IBM.

VGA

Video Graphics Array - the graphics standard defined by IBM and provided on IBM's
PS/2 machines.

Notes

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Chapter 7: Suggestions

Viglen is interested in continuing to improve the quality and information provided in
their manuals. Viglen has listed some questions that you may like to answer and
return to Viglen. This will help Viglen help to keep and improve the standard of their
manuals.

1. Is the information provided in this and other manuals clear enough?

2. What could be added to the manual to improve it?

3. Does the manual go into enough detail?

4. Would you like an on-line version of this manual?

V1.0 VIG590M Motherboard Manual

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5. How do you rate the Viglen Technical support and Service Departments?

6. Are there any technological improvements that could be made to the system?

7. Other points you would like to mention?

Please return this slip to: Product Development Dept.
Viglen Ltd.
7 Handley Page Way
Colney Street
St Albans
Hertfordshire
AL2 2DQ

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