This publication or parts thereof may not be reproduced in any form, by any method, for any
purpose.
For conditions of use and permission to use this manual for publication in other than the
English language, contact Victron Energy B.V.
VICTRON ENERGY B.V. MAKES NO WARRANTY, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, REGARDING THESE VICTRON ENERGY
PRODUCTS AND MAKES SUCH VICTRON ENERGY PRODUCTS AVAILABLE SOLELY
ON AN “AS IS” BASIS.
IN NO EVENT SHALL VICTRON ENERGY B.V. BE LIABLE TO ANYONE FOR SPECIAL,
COLLATERAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IN CONNECTION WITH
OR ARISING OUT OF PURCHASE OR USE OF THESE VICTRON ENERGY PRODUCTS.
THE SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE LIABILITY TO VICTRON ENERGY B.V., REGARDLESS OF
THE FORM OF ACTION, SHALL NOT EXCEED THE PURCHASE PRICE OF THE
VICTRON ENERGY PRODUCTS DESCRIBED HERE IN.
Victron Energy B.V. reserves the right to revise and improve its products as it sees fit. This
publication describes the state of this product at the time of its publication and may not reflect
the product at all times in the future
Page 4
4
Page 5
1. SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
1.1. General
● Please read the documentation supplied with this product first, so that you are familiar with the safety signs and directions
before using the product.
● This product is designed and tested in accordance with international standards. The equipment should be used for the
designated application only.
●WARNING: danger of electric shock
The product is used in combination with a permanent energy source (battery). Even if the equipment is switched off, a
dangerous electrical voltage may still be present at the input and/or output terminals. Always disconnect the AC power and the
battery before performing maintenance.
● The product contains no internal user-serviceable parts. Do not remove the front panel unless the mains and the battery are
disconnected. Do not put the product into operation unless all panels are fitted. All maintenance should be performed by
qualified personnel.
● Never use the product at sites where gas or dust explosions could occur. Refer to the specifications provided by the
manufacturer of the battery to ensure that the battery is suitable for use with this product. The battery manufacturer's safety
instructions should always be observed.
● WARNING: do not lift heavy objects unassisted.
1.2. Installation
● Read the installation instructions before commencing installation activities.
● This product is a safety class I device (supplied with a ground terminal for safety purposes). Its AC input and/or output
terminals must be provided with uninterruptible grounding for safety purposes. An additional grounding point is
located on the outside of the product. If it can be assumed that the grounding protection is damaged, the product should be
taken out of operation and prevented from accidentally being put into operation again; contact qualified maintenance personnel.
● Ensure that the connection cables are provided with fuses and circuit breakers. Never replace a protective device by a
component of a different type. Refer to the manual for the correct part.
● Check before switching the device on whether the available voltage source conforms to the configuration settings of the
product as described in the manual.
● Ensure that the equipment is used under the correct operating conditions. Never operate it in a wet or dusty environment.
● Ensure that there is always sufficient free space around the product for ventilation, and that ventilation openings are not
blocked.
● Install the product in a heatproof environment. Ensure therefore that there are no chemicals, plastic parts, curtains or other
textiles, etc. in the immediate vicinity of the equipment.
1.3. Transport and storage
● During storage or transport of the product, ensure that the mains supply and battery cables are disconnected.
● No liability can be accepted for damage in transit if the equipment is not transported in its original packaging.
● Store the product in a dry environment; the storage temperature should range from –20°C to 60°C.
● Refer to the battery manufacturer's manual for information on transport, storage, charging, recharging and disposal of the
battery.
EN Appendix
5
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2. INSTALLATION AND WIRING
2.1. Installation
Find a dry and well-ventilated area to mount the Skylla charger and battery. Keep the cable length between the charger and the
battery less than 6 meters.
The charger may be wall or floor mounted. Vertical mounting improves the air circulation within the charger cabinet and will prolong
the lifetime of the battery charger.
Wall mounting
The unit can best be mounted to a wall using the supplied mounting plate. With this plate fixed to the wall, the charger can be hung
on this mounting plate. The charger can then be fixed by installing two screws at the lower backside of the charger. Now the charger
is fully secured.
Wiring
The inlets for the mains cable, the battery cables, the remote functions and the connection to attach the earth cable are located at
the bottom of the housing, see Figure 1 for the two output models and figure 3 for the three output models
Figure 1 Bottom view of cabinet showing cable
entries: two output models
1. Mains cable
2. Remote connections
3. Starter battery
4. Main battery
5. Grounding point
Figure 2 Bottom view of cabinet showing cable
entries: three output models
1. Mains cable
2. Remote connections
3. (not present)
4. Main batteries
5. Grounding point
6
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The Skylla is NOT protected against reverse battery polarity.
Follow the installation procedure. The warranty expires when the Skylla becomes
ally short
Connecting earth
Connect the grounding point (5) to a real earth-point. Connections to earth have to be according to applicable safety standards.
• On a ship: connect (5) to the earth plate or to the hull of the ship.
• On land: connect (5) to the earth of the mains. The connection to the earth of the mains has to be according to
applicable safety standards.
•Mobile applications (a vehicle, a car or a caravan): Connect (5) to the frame of the vehicle.
The battery connections of the charger are fully floating with respect to this grounding point.
2.2. Connecting the batteries
Recommended cable cross section:
Skylla-i type cable length up to 1,5m cable length 1,5m - 6m
24/80 (1+1) 25 mm2 35 mm2
24/80 (3) 25 mm² to each battery 35 mm² to each battery
24/100 (1+1) 35 mm2 50 mm2
24/100 (3) 35 mm² to each battery 50 mm² to each battery
2.2.1. Connecting the starter battery
The starter battery has to be connected using wire of at least 2.5 mm2.
Connect the positive (+) battery-pole to the "Starter battery plus" connector, see figure 2.
2.2.2. Battery connection sequence
EN Appendix
("+" connected to "-" and "-" connected to "+").
defective due to reverse polarity.
The on/off switch at the front of the cabinet does not switch off the mains supply.
Disconnect the mains supply before making or breaking connections to the battery.
1. Disconnect the mains supply.
2. Disconnect battery cables from the battery.
3. Remove the front cover of the charger.
4. Connect battery cables to the charger.
5. Connect battery cables to the battery.
2.2.3 Battery disconnection sequence
When disconnecting the battery cables, be very careful not to accident
circuit the battery.
1. Switch off the charger.
2. Disconnect the mains supply.
3. Disconnect battery cables from the battery.
4. Remove the front cover of the charger.
5. Disconnect the negative battery-cable.
6. Disconnect the positive battery-cable.
7. Disconnect all other cables like temperature sensor and/or voltage sensor used with this particular battery.
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+: Main battery plus
-: Main battery minus
Starter battery plus
Figure 3 Location of battery connections:
two output models
Note:
The starter battery can draw current from the battery connected to the main battery terminals in case the starter battery voltage is
lower than the main battery voltage. However, the main battery cannot draw current from the starter battery even when the starter
battery is fully charged and the main battery is at minimum charge level.
Triple output model
connections
+A: Battery A plus
+B: Battery B plus
+C: Battery C plus
-: Battery A/B/C minus
Figure 4 Location of battery connections:
three output models
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2.3. Other options
The wiring of these signals must be done with the mains disconnected from the charger.
C
ONNECTION BLOCK FOR EXTERNAL SENSORS, SWITCH AND RELAY
+ Voltage
sensor
2.3.1. External voltage sensor (see fig 3)
External voltage sensing may be used when accurate battery voltage sensing is important, such as high charging currents in
combination with long cables.
To connect the external voltage sensing option, proceed as follows:
• connect a red wire (0.75 mm2) between the positive battery pole and connector "+ Voltage sensor"
• connect a black wire (0.75 mm2) between the negative battery pole and connector "- Voltage sensor”
• check that the accompanying LED is lit, otherwise check cabling
2.3.2. External temperature sensor
The external temperature sensor, supplied with the charger, can be connected to these terminals in order to perform
temperature compensated charging of the battery. The sensor is electrically isolated and must be connected to the negative
pole of the battery.
To connect the temperature sensor, proceed as follows:
• connect the red wire to connector "+ Temperature sensor"
• connect the black wire to connector "- Temperature sensor"
• mount the temperature sensor on the negative pole of the battery
• check that the accompanying LED is lit, otherwise check cabling
2.3.3. Remote on/off
The wiring of the remote switch requires extra attention. Since this input is quite sensitive it is advised to use twisted wires for this
connection.
The remote on/off input can also be connected to an open collector optocoupler: the open circuit voltage is 3 V and the closed
circuit current is 100 µA.
When no remote switch is connected the remote on/off terminals must be short circuited by a short wire.
2.3.4. Alarm relay connections
The alarm relay is triggered by a battery under-voltage situation (<23,8 V). The function may be used for any desirable action:
starting a generator, sounding an alarm etc.
2.3.5. CAN bus connection (VE.Can)
The CAN bus connectors (RJ45) provide access for control (Skylla-i remote control panel or NMEA 2000).
The two RJ45 connecters in each charger (see figure 7) are parallel connected. There is therefore no functional difference
between these connectors.
The end of a CAN cable should have a bus terminator. This is achieved by inserting a bus terminator in one of the two RJ45
connectors and the CAN cable in the other. In case of a node (two CAN cables, one in each RJ45 connector), no termination is
needed.
Several Skylla-i control panels can be connected to one charger or to a set of synchronised and parallel connected chargers.
+ Temperature
sensor
+ Remote
on/off
Figure 5 Connector block
NO NC COM
Alarm relay
EN Appendix
9
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1
2
3
4
5
6
2.3.6. Synchronised parallel operation
Several chargers can be synchronised with the CAN interface. This is achieved by simply interconnecting the chargers with
RJ45 UTP cables (bus terminators needed, see section 2.3.5).
The paralleled chargers must have identical DIP switch and rotary switch settings .
A mix of Skylla-i 100A and 80A chargers can be paralleled.
Two output and three output chargers cannot be paralleled with each other.
The shore current limit of the parallel charger group can be set with the Skylla-i control panel. The current limit as shown on the
panel is the shore current of the group.
The output current of one charger may differ from another charger although connected in parallel.
If one charger from the parallel connected chargers is disconnected, the other charger(s) will blink the "ON" LED every three
seconds.
In case of using remote sensors (voltage and/or temperature), the remote sensor needs to be connected to one of the parallel
operating chargers. All other chargers will share the information via the CAN interface. The green LED in the charger with the
sensor connected to it, will be lit continuously, the other chargers will blink the corresponding LED.
In case of synchronized parallel operation the LED “ON” will blink every 3 seconds on all paralleled units.
2.3.7 Connecting the mains (see fig 4)
1. Check if the battery is connected to the charger.
2. Remove the front of the battery charger to access the AC input connector.
3. Connect the mains PE cable (green/yellow) to the AC input connector, terminal PE, located on the circuit board, see Figure
4. Connect the mains neutral cable (blue) to the AC input connector terminal N.
5. Connect the mains line cable (brown) to the AC input connector terminal L.
6. Select the correct battery charge curve before applying AC power (see section 3).
Figure 6 Mains cable connection
3. CONTROL AND ADJUSTMENT
When the charger is installed correctly and before mains power is applied, the charger should be set up to suit the battery
connected.
Note about the models with three outputs: all settings are applied to the three outputs simultaneously
Figure 7 Internal controls and connections
For this purpose, the control board is fitted with a number of switches and connectors to facilitate the user with the following
options:
1. Rotary switch for choice of battery type.
2. Dip switch for setting various options.
3. Fine tuning of current and voltage for position 8 of the rotary switch.
4. CAN bus connection (RJ45).
5. Indicators for correct connection of voltage and temperature sensors.
6. Connection block for external sensors, switch and relay.
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Pos Description
Absorption
Float Storage
Equalization
dV/dT
V V V maxV@% of Inom
mV/°C
Default setting
LiFePo
4
DS-5 DS-4 Absorption
time
LiFePo
4
(default)
3.1. Rotary switch
The rotary switch provides the user with a selection of preset battery types to be charged. See table below.
Warning: the charge voltages as given below are indicative only. Always refer to the battery supplier for the right
charge voltages.
0 Canbus control
1 Gel Victron long life (OPzV)
Gel exide A600 (OPzV)
Gel MK
2
Gel Victron deep discharge, Gel Exide A200
AGM Victron deep discharge
Stationary tubular plate (OPzS)
Rolls Marine (flooded), Rolls Solar (flooded)
3 AGM spiral cell
Rolls AGM
4 PzS tubular plate traction batteries or
OPzS batteries in cyclic mode 1
5 PzS tubular plate traction batteries or
OPzS batteries in cyclic mode 2
6 PzS tubular plate traction batteries or
OPzS batteries in cyclic mode 3
Lithium Iron Phosphate (
7
8 Adjustable: maximum charge current and
absorption and float voltages can be set with
potentiometers
9 Power supply mode 24,0 n. a. n. a. n. a. 0
) batteries
28,2 27,6 26,4 31,8@8% max 1hr -32
28,8 27,6 26,4 32,4@8% max 1hr -32
29,4 27,6 26,4 33,0@8% max 1hr -32
28,2 27,6 26,4 31,8@25% max 4hrs -32
28,8 27,6 26,4 32,4@25% max 4hrs -32
30,0 27,6 26,4 33,6@25% max 4hrs -32
28,4 n. a. 26,7 n. a. 0
Adj. Adj. 26,4
(Vabs. + 3,6)@25%
max 4hrs
-32
3.2. DIP switch
The DIP switches are numbered 6 to 1, top to bottom.
Default settings:
DS-6 Bulk Protection on
DS-5 Absorption time off
DS-4 Absorption time on
DS-3 Adaptive on
DS-2 Watch on
DS-1 Automatic equalization off
3.3. Explanation of settings:
DS-6. Bulk Protection. When switched on, the failure led will be lit and the charger will shut down when the bulk time exceeds
10 hrs.
DS-5 and DS-4. Absorption time. The combination of switches 5 and 4 sets the maximum absorption time in case of adaptive
charging, and a fixed time in case the adaptive mode has been switched off (DS-3).
EN Appendix
Off Off
On Off 4 hrs.
Off On
On On 12 hrs.
DS 3. Adaptive. When switched on, the absorption and float time depend on the bulk time (with the maximum time set by DS-5
and DS-4).
The dependencies are as follows:
Absorption time = (bulk time)*20 with a minimum of 30 minutes and a maximum as set by DS-5 and DS-4.
Float time = (bulk time)*20 with a minimum of 4hrs and a maximum of 8hrs.
DS-2. Watch. When DS-2 is on, the battery voltage is checked when the charger is switched on. If the voltage exceeds 26V, the
charger will consider the battery fully charged, and start in storage mode. If the voltage is lower, the charger will start in bulk
mode.
When DS-2 is off, the charger will always start in bulk mode.
2 hrs (preferred for
8 hrs.
batteries)
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DS-1. Automatic equalization. When DS-1 is switched on, the absorption charge will be followed by a voltage limited constant
current period (see table). The yellow LED “abs” will blink during equalization.
The current is limited to 8% of the bulk current for all VRLA (Gel or AGM) batteries and some flooded batteries, and to 25% of
the bulk current for all tubular plate batteries. The bulk current is the rated charger current (80A or 100A) unless a lower setting
has been chosen (charge current can be reduced with the current setting potentiometer and rotary switch in position 8, or with
the Can bus interface).
If, as recommended by most battery manufacturers, the bulk charge current is about 20A per 100Ah battery capacity (i.e. 500Ah
for a 100A charger), the 8% limit translates to 1,6A per 100Ah battery capacity, and the 25% limit translates to 5A per 100Ah
capacity.
In case of all VRLA batteries and some flooded batteries (rotary switch position 1, 2 or 3) automatic equalization ends when the
voltage limit maxV has been reached, or after t = (absorption time)/8, whichever comes first.
For all tubular plate batteries automatic equalization ends after t = (absorption time)/2.
Warning
Some battery manufacturers do recommend a constant current equalization period, and others do not. Do not use
constant current equalization unless recommend by the battery supplier.
Rotary switch position 8: manual setting potentiometers
These potentiometers provide adjustable levels for (from top to bottom):
Control direction is such that the values increase when turning the potentiometer clockwise. For easy adjustment the charger
will automatically jump to the appropriate mode as soon as it detects a change in the position of a potentiometer. When satisfied
with the settings, restart the charger and it will go through the regular charge sequence using the new settings.
Rotary switch position 9: DC power supply mode
The charger can be set to operate as a DC power supply.
In this mode, the charger functions as a constant voltage source with a maximum output current of 80 resp. 100 A. By default
the output voltage is set to 24V, if needed the output voltage can be changed by adjusting the absorption voltage potentiometer
(range 11.5V .. 30V). When satisfied with the new setting switch off the charger using the main on/off switch and it will store the
voltage level.
• bulk current (range 0A .. 100A for a 100A charger)
• absorption voltage (range 11.5V .. 30V)
• float voltage (range 11.5V .. 30V)
3.4. Temperature compensation
The temperature sensor should be connected to the plus pole of the battery.
The temperature compensation is set at -32mV/°C for all 24V lead acid batteries (see table and fig 7), and all charge states.
The temperature sensor must be installed when:
• ambient temperature of the battery is expected to regularly be lower than 15°C or to regularly exceed 30°C
• charge current exceeds 15A per 100Ah battery capacity
Temperature compensation is not required for Li-Ion batteries.
3.5. Manual equalize function
With the equalize button on the front, the charger can be put in equalize mode only during absorption and float periods. When
the charger is still in bulk mode equalization is not possible.
To enable equalization, press the equalize button for three seconds. The yellow led "abs" and “bulk” will alternate during
equalization.
Current and voltage limits are identical to the automatic equalize function (see section 3.3). The equalize duration is however
limited to max. 1hr when triggered with the equalize button.
3.6. Power Control – maximum use of limited shore current
A maximum input current can be set in order to avoid fusing the mains supply.
This adjustment is only available with the optional Skylla-i control panel.
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Figure
8
4. OPERATION
4.1. Battery charging
After applying mains power and switching the unit ON:
• all led's will be lit during two seconds
• the green led will then be on to indicate the unit is "On"
• the state of charge will be indicated by lighting one of four yellow led's
• the actual output voltage and current will be indicated by the appropriate red led bars
• the internal fans may run depending upon the temperature inside the cabinet (temperature controlled)
In case the red led is lit, refer to section 6.
4.2. Seven stage charge curve for lead-acid batteries
absorption voltage
float voltage
storage voltage
U
bulk
100%
I
Equalization
absorption
float
storage
EN Appendix
time
4.2.1. Bulk
Entered when the charger is started (DS-2 on and battery voltage <26V, or DS-2 off), or when the battery voltage falls below
26,4V (due to a heavy load) during at least 1 minute. Constant current is applied until gassing voltage is reached (28,8V for a
24V battery).
4.2.2. BatterySafe
If absorption voltage is set higher than 28,8V, the rate of voltage increase beyond 28.8V is limited to 14mV/minute, in order to
prevent excessive gassing.
4.2.3. Absorption
After the absorption voltage has been reached, the charger operates in constant voltage mode.
In case of adaptive charging, the absorption time is dependent on the bulk time, see section 3.3.
4.2.4. Automatic equalization
If automatic equalization has been set to “on”, the absorption period is followed by a second voltage limited constant current
period: see section 3.3. This feature will charge VRLA batteries to the full 100%, and prevent stratification of the electrolyte in
flooded batteries.
Alternatively, manual equalization can be applied.
4.2.5. Float
Float voltage is applied to keep the battery fully charged.
In case of adaptive charging, the float voltage time is dependent on the bulk time, see section 3.3.
4.2.6. Storage
After float charge the output voltage is reduced to storage level. This level is not sufficient to compensate for slow self-discharge
of the battery, but will limit water loss and corrosion of the positive plates to a minimum when the battery is not used.
4.2.7. Weekly battery ‘refresh’
Once a week the charger will enter Repeated Absorption-mode during one hour to ’refresh’ (i. e. to fully charge) the battery.
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Voltage
4.3. Four stage charge curve for Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePo4) batteries
4.3.1. Bulk
Entered when the charger is started (DS-2 on and battery voltage <26V, or DS-2 off), or when the battery voltage falls below
26,7V (due to a heavy load) during at least 1 minute. Constant current is applied until absorption voltage is reached (28,4V for a
24V battery).
4.3.2. Absorption
After the absorption voltage has been reached, the charger operates in constant voltage mode.
The recommended absorption time is 2 hours.
4.3.3. Storage
After absorption charge the output voltage is reduced to storage level. This level is not sufficient to compensate for slow selfdischarge of the battery, but will maximize service life.
4.3.4. Weekly battery ‘refresh’
Once a week the charger will enter Repeated Absorption-mode during one hour to ’refresh’ (i. e. to fully charge) the battery.
5. MAINTENANCE
This charger does not require any specific maintenance. However an annual check of the battery connections is recommended.
Keep the charger dry, clean and free of dust.
6. TROUBLESHOOTING
Problem Possible cause Solution
Charger does not function The mains is not ok Measure mains: 180 -265 VAC
Input or output fuses are defective Return product to your dealer
The battery is not fully charged A bad battery connection Check battery connection
The battery select switch is in the wrong
position
Cable losses too high Use cables with larger cross
The battery is being overcharged The battery select switch setting is
Battery temperature too high Overcharging or fast charging Connect external temperature
Failure led on
(see also chapter 9)
switch is in the wrong position
A battery cell is defective Replace battery
Battery voltage too high (> 36 V) Check all charging equipment
Bulk time too long (> 10 hrs) Possible cell failure, or
Temperature in cabinet too high Check air vents of cabinet
Charge current starter batt. (A) 4 A n. a. 4 n. a.
Charge algorithm 7 stage adaptive
Battery capacity (Ah) 400-800 Ah 500-1000 Ah
Charge curve, Li-Ion 4 stage, with on-off control or CAN bus control
Temperature sensor Yes
Can be used as power supply Yes
Remote on-off port Yes (can be connected to a Li-Ion BMS)
CAN bus communication port Two RJ45 connectors, NMEA2000 protocol, galvanically isolated
Synchronised parallel operation Yes, with the CAN bus
Remote alarm relay DPST AC rating: 240VAC/4A DC rating: 4A up to 35VDC, 1A up to 60VDC
Forced cooling Yes
Protection
Operating temp. range
Humidity (non condensing)
Material & Colour aluminium (blue RAL 5012)
Battery-connection M8 bolts
230 VAC-connection screw-clamp 10mm² (AWG 7)
Protection category IP 21
Weight kg (lbs) 7 kg (16 lbs)
Dimensions hxwxd in mm
(hxwxd in inches)
Safety EN 60335-1, EN 60335-2-29
Emission EN 55014-1, EN 61000-6-3, EN 61000-3-2
Immunity EN 55014-2, EN 61000-6-1, EN 61000-6-2, EN 61000-3-3
1) Output voltage range 20-36V.
Can be set with rotary switch or
potentiometers.
(2)
80 A
(1)
28,8 V
3 x 80 A
(max total output: 80A)
Battery reverse polarity (fuse) Output short circuit Over temperature
-20 to 60°C (Full output current up to 40°C)
max 95%
ENCLOSURE
405 x 250 x 150 mm
(16.0 x 9.9 x 5.9 inch)
STANDARDS
2) Up to 40°C (100°F) ambient.
Output will reduce to 80% at 50°C, and to 60% at 60°C.
100 A
3 x 100 A
(max total output: 100A)
EN Appendix
15
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9. LED INDICATION
Regular LED status:
is permanent on
is blinking
is off
LEDs: O B A F S E = On Bulk Absorption Float Storage failure
LEDs O B A F S E
Bulk
BatterySafe (dU/dt)
Absorption
TPTB
Float
Storage
Repeated absorption
Reduced current mode (*1)
Equalization (*2)
Power supply mode
(*1) This can be due to temperature, voltage, input current limit etc; the panel displays the input current, therefore no
blinking indication there.
(*2) Blink alternating
Fault situations
Battery temperature sensor
Battery sense wires
Bulk time protection (10hrs)
Charger temperature too high
Charger over-current
Charger over-voltage
Internal error
Note: LEDs blink synchronously
The panel lights the error led and displays the error code.