Vernier Mirror Set for Optics Expansion Kit User Manual

High Voltage
Electrostatics Kit

(Order Code HVEK-CRG)

The High Voltage Electrostatics Kits is an
accessory for the Vernier Charge Sensor. Use it
with a Faraday Pail, which is part of the Electrostatics Kit (order code ESK-CRG)
and the Charge Sensor (order code CRG-BTA) to investigate the charge on a sphere.
The kit includes an electrostatics voltage source and two conducting spheres. The
current output of the High Voltage Source is extremely low, making it safe for
electrostatic studies. Experiments include

 Investigate the distribution of charge on a sphere
 Transfer of charge on contact between two spheres
 Charging by Induction

What is Included with the High Voltage Electrostatics Kit?

 Electrostatic High Voltage Source

(output 750, 1500, 3000, 6000 VDC)

 Ground Wire
 Voltage Terminal
 Proof Plane
 Conducting Spheres (2)
 DC Power Supply

Voltage Terminal Ground Wire

Using the Voltage Source

To use the High Voltage Source, ground the ground port of the High Voltage Source
by connecting the banana plug on the Ground Wire to the source and connect the
other end to a ground of your experiment such as the Ground Plane that is a part of
the Electrostatics Kit. Plug the Voltage Terminal into the desired port on the High
Voltage Source, such as the one marked 3000 V.

Connect the DC power supply to the High Voltage Source, and plug the power
supply into an outlet. Turn on the High Voltage Source.

To transfer a charge to an object, touch the paddle end of the Voltage Terminal to the
object. The High Voltage Source is only capable of delivering very small currents,
and is therefore safe for classroom use.

NOTE: Vernier products are designed for educational use. Our products are not
designed nor are they recommended for any industrial, medical, or commercial
process such as life support, patient diagnosis, control of a manufacturing process, or
industrial testing of any kind.

Performing Experiments with this kit, a Faraday Pail and the
Vernier Charge Sensor

To use this kit, you need to be able to measure the charge on the Conducting
Spheres. The best way to accomplish this is by using a Vernier Charge Sensor and a
Faraday Pail. When the Charge Sensor is attached to the Pail, the Pail can be used to
qualitatively and quantitatively measure charge on objects. Follow these instructions
to set up the Faraday Pail and Charge Sensor.

1. Place the plastic disk that holds the
Faraday Pail and cage on the Ground
Plane.

2. Place the Faraday Pail and the Cage on
the disk.

3. Connect the black lead from the Charge
Sensor to the Ground Plane.

4. Connect the red lead from the Charge
Sensor to the Faraday Pail.

5. Connect the Charge Sensor to an
interface, such as LabQuest
LabQuest, LabPro

6. Connect a Grounding Wire between the
Cage and the Ground Plane.

7. Attach the grounding strap to your wrist.

8. Ground out the system and zero the sensor by pressing and holding the Reset
button on the sensor. You are now ready to collect data.

9. Now insert an object into the center of the Faraday Pail. While the object is in the
Pail, the Charge Sensor will display the charge.

Quantitative measurement of electrostatic charge can be challenging. Many factors
enter into the buildup of electrostatic charge and your ability to measure the charge.
The Charge Sensor is a very sensitive device and it can detect charge on objects
where you may not expect to see it, such as your body. Your success is also a
function of atmospheric humidity. Electrostatic studies are difficult in humid
environments because objects discharge quickly through multiple paths.

The Charge Sensor contains a range switch. You need to select a range that is
appropriate for the experiment and environmental conditions. For example if you are

®

, etc.

®

2, original

2

measuring a small electrostatic charge, the smallest range setting on the sensor may
be appropriate; however, if the sensor is reading its maximum value, you may want
to switch to a higher range.

Note: As you collect data for different situations, you will need to zero the Charge
Sensor since it is extremely easy to pick up stray charges. If the sensor reading drifts,
press the Reset button on the sensor between data-collection runs.

Sample Experiments

A variety of experiments can be performed with this kit and a Charge Sensor. Below
you will find three detailed examples. Try them out to learn more about the
equipment.

Amount of charge

Use the sensor to see the difference in the amount of charge transferred using
differing voltage sources. You will need a Faraday Pail, Cage, Ground Plane, and
Vernier Charge Sensor.

1. Attach the Charge Sensor black lead to the Ground Plane.

2. Attach the Charge Sensor red lead to the Faraday Pail.

3. Connect a Grounding Wire between the Cage and the Ground Plane.

4. Attach the grounding strap to your wrist.

5. Ground the system and discharge the sensor by pressing and holding the Reset
button on the sensor.

6. Set up the High Voltage Source by connecting the Voltage Terminal to the
750 V terminal. Ground the other terminal to the Ground Plane.

7. Use the Ground Wire from the Ground Plane to
touch a sphere and ground the sphere. Touch the
Voltage Terminal to the sphere.

8. Touch the Proof Plane to the sphere and insert it
into the Pail without touching the Pail. What does
the Charge Sensor read? [Should be positive.]

9. To remove any charge from the Proof Plane, dab all
parts of Proof Plane with a damp cotton cloth.

10. Ground the sphere.

11. Connect the Voltage Terminal to the
1500 V terminal and touch the sphere.

12. Touch the Proof Plane to the sphere and insert it
into the Pail without touching the Pail. What does
the Charge Sensor read? [Should be positive.] How
does the reading compare to the first measurement?
[Should be about twice that seen in Step 7.]

13. Repeat with the 3000 V source.

14. Explain your results. [Higher voltage sources
produced a proportional increase in the charge on the sphere.]

Distribution of charge

Use the equipment to see the distribution of charge on a sphere. You will need a
Faraday Pail, Cage, Ground Plane, and Vernier Charge Sensor.

1. Attach the Charge Sensor black lead to the Ground Plane.

2. Attach the Charge Sensor red lead to the Faraday Pail.

3. Connect a Grounding Wire between the Cage and the Ground Plane.

4. Attach the grounding strap to your wrist.

5. Ground the system and discharge the sensor by pressing and holding the
Reset button on the sensor.

6. Set up the High Voltage Source by connecting the Voltage Terminal to the
3000 V terminal. Ground the other terminal to the Ground Plane.

7. Use the Ground Wire from the Ground Plane to touch a sphere, discharging it.
Touch the Voltage Terminal to the sphere, charging it.

8. Touch the Proof Plane to the sphere and insert it into the Pail without touching
the Pail. What does the Charge Sensor read? [Should be a positive reading.]

9. To remove any charge from the Proof Plane, dab all parts of the Proof Plane with
a damp cotton cloth.

10. Touch the Proof Plane to another part of the sphere and insert it into the Pail
without touching the Pail. What does the Charge Sensor read? How does the
reading compare to the first measurement? [Should be the same as above.]

11. Repeat a third time.

12. Explain your results. [The charge distribution on a sphere is uniform.]

Distribution of charge to two spheres

Use the equipment to see the distribution of charge as charge is shared with a second
sphere. You will need a Faraday Pail, Cage, Ground Plane, and Vernier Charge
Sensor.

1. Attach the Charge Sensor black lead to the Ground Plane.

2. Attach the Charge Sensor red lead to the Faraday Pail.

3. Connect a Grounding Wire between the Cage and the Ground Plane.

4. Attach the grounding strap to your wrist.

5. Ground the system and discharge the sensor by pressing and holding the Reset
button on the sensor.

6. Set up the High Voltage Source by connecting the Voltage Terminal to the
3000 V terminal. Ground the other terminal to the Ground Plane.

7. Use the Ground Wire from the Ground Plane to ground both spheres, discharging
them.

8. Touch the Voltage Terminal to a sphere, charging it.

9. Touch the Proof Plane to the sphere and insert it into the Pail without touching
the Pail. What does the Charge Sensor read? [Should be positive.]

10. To remove any charge from the Proof Plane, dab all parts of the Proof Plane with
a damp cotton cloth.

3

4