Vecima Networks WRM2000 Users Manual

NCL1170 User Guide

Version A

WaveRider Communications Inc.

Software License Agreement

This is a legal agreement between you (either an individual or an entity) and WaveRider Communications Inc. for the use of WaveRider computer software, hereinafter the “LICENSED SOFTWARE”.

By using the LICENSED SOFTWARE installed in this product, you acknowledge that you have read this license agreement, understand it, and agree to be bound by its terms. You further agree that it is the full and complete agreement between you and WaveRider Communications Inc., superseding all prior written or verbal agreements of any kind related to the LICENSED SOFTWARE. If you do not understand or do not agree to the terms of this agreement, you will cease using the LICENSED SOFTWARE immediately.

1 GRANT OF LICENSE—This License Agreement permits you to use one copy of the LICENSED SOFTWARE.

2. COPYRIGHT—The LICENSED SOFTWARE is owned by WaveRider Communications Inc. and is protected by copyright laws and international treaty provisions; therefore, you must treat the LICENSED SOFTWARE like any other copyrighted material (e.g., a book or magazine). You may not copy the written materials accompanying the LICENSED SOFTWARE.

3. OTHER RESTRICTIONS—You may not rent or lease the LICENSED SOFTWARE. You may not reverse engineer, decompile, or disassemble the LICENSED SOFTWARE.

4. LIMITED WARRANTY—The LICENSED SOFTWARE is provided “as is” without any warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. The entire risk as to the quality and performance of the LICENSED SOFTWARE is with you, the licensee. If the LICENSED SOFTWARE is defective, you assume the risk and liability for the entire cost of all necessary repair, service, or correction.

Some states/jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion of implied warranties, so the above exclusion may not apply to you. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may have other rights, which vary from state/jurisdiction to state/jurisdiction.

WaveRider Communications Inc. does not warrant that the functions contained in the LICENSED SOFTWARE will meet your requirements, or that the operation of the LICENSED SOFTWARE will be error-free or uninterrupted.

5. NO OTHER WARRANTIES—To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, WaveRider Communications Inc. disclaims all other warranties, either express or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, with regard to the LICENSED SOFTWARE and the accompanying written materials.

6. NO LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES—To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, in no event shall WaveRider Communications Inc. or its suppliers be liable for any damages whatsoever (including, without limitation, damages for loss of business profits, business interruption, loss of business information, or any other pecuniary loss) arising from the use of or inability to use the LICENSED SOFTWARE, even if WaveRider Communications Inc. has been advised of the possibility of such damages, or for any claim by any other party.

Because some states/jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential or incidental damages, the above limitation may not apply to you.

In no event will WaveRider’s liability exceed the amount paid for the LICENSED SOFTWARE.

The following are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies or organizations:

Microsoft Internet Explorer / Microsoft Corporation

Netscape / Netscape Communications Corporation

© 2001 by WaveRider Communications Inc. All rights reserved. This manual may not be reproduced by any means in whole or in part without the express written permission of WaveRider Communications Canada Inc.

Version A, January 2001

Warranty

In the following warranty text, “WaveRider®” sha ll mean WaveRider Communications Inc.

This WaveRider product is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of one (1) year from the date of purchase. This limited warranty extends only to the original purchaser. During this warranty period WaveRider will, atits option, either repairor replaceproductsthat prove to be defective.

For warranty service or repair, the product must be returned to a service facility designated by WaveRider. Authorization to return products must be obtained prior to shipment. The WaveRider RMA number must be on the shipping documentation so that the service facility will accept the product. The buyer shall pay all shipping charges to WaveRider and WaveRider shall pay shipping charges to return the product to the buyer within Canada or the USA. For all other countries, the buyer shall pay shipping charges as w ell as duties and taxes incurred in shipping products to or from WaveRider.

WaveRider warrants that th e firmware designed by it for use with the unit will execute its programming instructions when properly in stalled on the unit. WaveRider does not warrant that the operation of the unit or firmware will be uninterrupted or e rror-free.

Limitation of Warranty

The foregoing warranty shall not apply to def ects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by the buyer, buyer-supplied interfacing, unauthorized modification or misuse, operation outside the environmental specifications for the product, or improper site preparation or maintenance or exposure to abnormal physical or electrical stress or accident. No other warranty is expressed or implied. WaveRider specifically disclaims the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for any particular purpose.

No Liability for Consequential Damages

To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, in no event shall WaveRider or its suppliers be liable for any damages whatsoever (including, without limitation, damages for loss of business profits, business interruption, loss of business information, or any other pecuniary loss) arising from the use of or inability to use the product, even if WaveRider has been advised of the possibility of such damages, or for any claim by any other party.

Because some states/jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential or incidental damages, the above limitation may not apply to you.

In no even t will WaveRider’s liability exceed the amount paid for the product.

Regulatory Notices

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A Intentional Radiator, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Regulations, and RSS-210 of the IC Regulations. These limits are intended to provide protection aga inst harmful interference when the equipmentis operated in a commercial/business/industrial environment.

This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequ ency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instr uction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarant ee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.

Any changes or modifications to equipment that are not expressly approved by the manufacturer may void the user’s authority to operate the equipment. The NCL 1170 contains no user-serviceable parts. Unauthorized opening of the unit voidsthiswarranty.

Contents

Preface..................................................................ix

1 NCL1170Overview .....................................................1

1.1 Introduction .......................................................1

1.2 Features..........................................................2

1.3 AboutSpread-SpectrumRadioTechnology ..............................3

2 NetworkConsiderations ................................................5

2.1 NetworkTopology..................................................5

2.1.1 Point-to-Multipoint ...........................................6

2.1.2 Point-to-Point...............................................7

2.1.3 Repeater ..................................................7

2.2 BridgingandRoutingNetworkConfigurations.............................8

2.2.1 Point-to-MultipointBridgingNetwork .............................8

2.2.2 Point-to-MultipointRoutingNetworks.............................9

2.3 PlanninganNCL1170Configuration...................................10

3 InstallingtheNCL1170.................................................11

3.1 ConnectingtheNCL1170............................................12

3.2 InitializingtheNCL1170.............................................14

3.2.1 ChangingtheNCL1170Password..............................15

3.2.2 SettingtheNCL1170SystemName ............................16

3.2.3 ResettinganNCL1170toFactoryDefaults .......................16

4 ConfiguringtheNCL1170...............................................17

4.1 SettingtheRadioConfiguration.......................................18

4.2 SettingtheIPConfiguration..........................................19

4.3 ConfigurationOptions..............................................20

4.3.1 SettingRIPConfiguration ....................................20

4.3.2 SettingtheDHCPRelayConfiguration ..........................22

4.3.3 SettingtheSNMPConfiguration ...............................22

4.3.4 SettingtheDNSResolverConfiguration .........................23

4.4 ExamplesofBridgingandRoutingConfigurations ........................24

4.4.1 Point-to-MultipointBridgingNetwork ............................24

4.4.2 Point-to-MultipointRoutingNetwork ............................27

4.5 UpdatinganNCL1170UsingRemoteConnections........................32

4.5.1 EstablishinganFTPConnection ...............................32

4.5.2 EstablishingaTelnetSession .................................33

5 TestingandDeployment ...............................................35

5.1 PerformingaPingTest .............................................35

5.2 OptimizingSignalStrength ..........................................37

APCD–NC006–A v

5.2.1 RunningtheContinuousTransmit(Tx)Test.......................37

5.2.2 RunningtheContinuousReceive(Rx)Test.......................38

5.2.3 PerformingtheTransmit/ReceiveLoopbackTest ..................41

6 SystemReportingandDiagnostics.......................................43

6.1 Radio Receive Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) ........................ 43

6.2 RadioPacketErrorRate(PER)...................................... 44

6.3 InterfaceStatistics ................................................ 47

6.3.1 IPStatistics................................................50

6.3.2 RadioStatistics.............................................52

7 Troubleshooting ......................................................53

7.1 Verifying NCL1170 Routing . ........................................ 55

7.1.1 VerifytheNCL1170RoutingTable..............................55

Appendix A NCL1170Command-LineSyntax ...............................57

Appendix B AbbreviationsandTerminology................................67

Appendix C OperatingChannelFrequencies ...............................73

Appendix D NCL1170AntennaRecommendations...........................75

Appendix E NCL1170Specifications ......................................77

Appendix F ConfigurationDataRecord....................................81

vi APCD–NC006–A

Figures

Figure1 TheNCL1170 ................................................1

Figure2 Point-to-MultipointApplication....................................6

Figure3 Point-to-PointApplication .......................................7

Figure4 RepeaterApplication...........................................7

Figure5 Point-to-MultipointBridgingNetworkExample .......................8

Figure6 Point-to-MultipointRoutingNetworkExample........................9

Figure7 NCL1170ConfigurationPlanningFlowchart ........................10

Figure8 NCL1170ConnectorsandIndicators .............................12

Figure9 ConsolePortPin-outDiagram ..................................13

Figure10 ExampleofPoint-to-MultipointBridgingNetwork ....................24

Figure11 ExampleofPoint-to-MultipointRoutingNetwork.....................27

APCD–NC006–A vii

Tables

Table1 MaximumAntennaSystemGain ..................................x

Table1 RadioPacketErrorRateAssessment.............................46

Table2 InterfaceStatistics............................................49

Table3 IPStatistics .................................................51

Table4 RadioStatistics ..............................................52

Table5 CommonProblemsandSolutions................................53

Table6 NCL1170Command-LineSyntaxConventions......................57

Table7 Command-LineShortcutsandGettingHelp ........................58

Table8 NCL1170Command-lineSyntaxDescriptions ......................58

Table9 AcronymsandAbbreviations....................................67

Table10 NCL1170NetworkTerminology..................................70

Table11 NCL1170SupportedAntennas ..................................75

Table12 NetworkInterface.............................................77

Table13 PhysicalInterface ............................................77

Table14 RadioPerformance ...........................................77

Table 15 Power Supply . . . . . . . .........................................78

Table16 EnvironmentalConsiderations...................................78

Table17 Regulatory ..................................................79

viii APCD–NC006–A

Preface

About this Guide

This document provides a complete overview of the WaveRider NCL1170 bridge/router, including system features, network planning, and procedures for implementing, installing, operating, and troubleshooting this device.

Before proceeding, we recommend that you read the following sections:

• Software License Agreement on page ii

• Warranty on page iv

• Regulatory Notices on page x

• Warnings and Advisories on page xii

APCD–NC006–A ix

Regulatory Notices

This device has be designed to operate with several different antenna types. Each antenna type shall not exceed the maximum antenna system gain as given in the following table. Antennas having a higher gain are strictly prohibited by Industry Canada and FCC regulations. The required antenna impedance is 50 ohms.

Table 1 Maximum Antenna System Gain

Antenna Type Maximum Antenna System Gain

Omni 9.0 dBi Patch 10.6 dBi Yagi 10.1 dBi Dish 22.9 dBi

NOTE: For a Dish antenna a cavity filter with a minimum rejection of

20 dB, ± 22MHz from the channel center frequency is required.

Industry Canada

The NCL1170 complies with IC RSS–210. Operators must be familiar with IC RSS–210 and RSS–102. The IC certification number for the NCL1170 is “pending”.

WARNING!

T o prevent radio interference to the licensed service, this device is intended to be operated indoors and away from windows to provide maximum shielding. Equipment (or its transmit antenna) that is installed outdoors is subject to licensing.

Federal Communications Commission

The NCL1170 complies with FCC Part 15 Regulations. The FCC ID for the NCL1170 is OOX-WRM2000. The transmitter of this device complies with Part 15.247 of the FCC Rules.

x APCD–NC006–A

WARNING!

Operators must be familiar with the requirements of the FCC Part 15 Regulations prior to operating any link using this equipment. For installations outside the United States, contact local authorities for applicable regulations.

Interference Environment

Manufacturers and operators of spread-spectrum devices are reminded that the operation of these devices is subject to the conditions that:

• Any received interference, including interference from industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) operations, must be accepted; and

• These devices are not permitted to cause harmful interference to other radio services.

If the operation of these systems does cause harmful interference, the operator of the spreadspectrum system must correct the interference problem, even if such correction requires the Part 15 transmitter to cease operation. The FCC does not exempt spread-spectrum devices from this latter requirement regardless of the application. The FCC strongly recommends that utilities, cellular stations, public safety services, government agencies, and others that provide critical communication services exercise due caution to determine if there are any nearby radio services that can be affected by their communications.

Operational Requirements

In accordance with the FCC Part 15 regulations:

1. The maximum peak power output of the intentional radiator shall not exceed one (1) watt for all spread-spectrum systems operating in the 2.4000-2.4835 GHz band.

2. Systems operating in the 2.4000-2.4835 GHz band that are used exclusively for fixed, point-to-point operations may employ transmitting antennas with directional gain greater than 6 dBi, provided the maximum peak output power of the intentional radiator is reduced by 1 dB for every 3 dB that the directional gain of the antenna exceeds 6 dBi.

3. Stations operating in the 2.4000-2.4835 GHz band that are used for fixed, point-tomultipoint operations may use transmitting antennas of directional gain greater that 6 dBi, provided the peak output power from the intentional radiator is reduced by the amount in dB that the directional gain of the antenna exceeds 6 dBi.

4. Fixed, point-to-point operation, as used in Point 2, excludes the use of point-tomultipoint systems, omni-directional applications, and multiple co-located intentional radiators transmitting the same information. The operator of the spread-spectrum intentional radiator or, if the equipment is professionally installed, the installer is responsible for ensuring that the system is used exclusively for fixed, point-to-point operations.

5. The operator of a spread-spectrum system is responsible for ensuring that the system is operated in the manner outlined in Interference Environment on page xi.

APCD–NC006–A xi

Warnings and Advisories

General Advisory

Operator and maintenance personnel must be familiar with the related safety requirements before they attempt to install or operate the NCL1170 equipment.

It is the responsibility of the operator to ensure that the public is not exposed to excessive Radio Frequency (RF) levels. The applicable regulations can be obtained from local authorities.

WARNING!

This system must be professionally installed. Antennas and associated transmission cable must be installed by qualified personnel. WaveRider assumes no liability for failure to adhere to this recommendation or to recognized general safety precautions.

WARNING!

To comply with FCC RF exposure limits, the antenna for this transmitter must be fix-mounted on outdoor permanent structures to provide a separation distance of 2 metres (6.6 feet) from all persons to satisfy RF exposure requirements. The distance is measured from the front of the antenna and the human body. It is recommended that the antenna be installed in a location with minimal pathway disruption by near by personnel.

WARNING!

Do not operate the NCL1170 without connecting a 50-ohm termination t o the antenna port. This termination can be a 50-ohm antenna or a 50-ohm resistive load capable of absorbing the full RF output power of the transceiver. Failure to terminate the antenna port properly may cause permanent damage to the NCL1170.

WARNING!

Connect only shielded twisted pair (STP) Ethernet cable to the NCL1170 10Base Tx Ethernet (RJ-45) port. It is the responsibility of the installer to supply and use the correct type of E thernet cable.

xii APCD–NC006–A

Customer Support

If you have any problems with the hardware or software, please contact WaveRider Communications Inc. Please provide your NCL1170model number and software version when requesting support.

Telephone: +1 416–502–3161

Fax: +1 416–502–2968

Email: Product Assistance:

techsupport@waverider.com

URL: www.waverider.com

WaveRider offers a complete training program. Please contact your sales representative for traininginformation.

APCD–NC006–A xiii

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1 NCL1170 Overview

1.1 Introduction

The NCL1170 is an intelligent, wireless Internet Protocol (IP) bridge/router that provides highcapacity 2.4 GHz connections between local- and wide-area networks via broadband radio links. Employing Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) transmission techniques, the NCL1170 allows you to access the Internet at high speeds, extend Ethernet networks, and connect to remote locations without the ongoing costs of leased telephone or data lines.

Figure 1 The NCL1170

APCD–NC006–A 1

1 NCL1170 Overview

1.2 Features

• Flexible deployment—the NCL1170 can operate as either a bridge or router. In routing mode, you can set up the NCL1170 to use communications strategies such as Routing Information Protocol (RIP), and Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP).

• Ethernet compatibility—the NCL1170 allows users to connect with most Ethernet networks or devices.

• Microprocessor-controlled signal processing—all functions of WaveRider’s spread-spectrum transceiver are controlled through the integration of a powerful on board microprocessor.

• Architectural flexibility—you can set up NCL1170s as separate point-to-point links, or in a mulitipoint configuration. A single NCL1170 operating in “master” mode can deliver data to and receive data from up to 20 NCL1170s operating in “station” mode.

• User-configurable operating system—you can upgrade the NCL1170 remotely via FTP.

• User-customizable monitoring—the NCL1170 operating system supports Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), which allows for continual status monitoring of any NCL1170 in your network.

• Low interference—Direct Sequence Spread-Spectrum (DSSS) technology transmits signal information over a wide channel bandwidth, which reduces the potential for interference with neighboring communications systems. The NCL1170 design permits three master units to operate in close proximity without interfering with each other. For example, three master units supporting 20 station units each can operate in close proximity, thus providing 60 end-user links.

2 APCD–NC006–A

1.3 About Spread-Spectrum Radio Technology

Spread-spectrum communications systems differ from conventional narrowband communications systems because they use a much larger transmission bandwidth to send the same amount of information.

There are two primary forms of spread spectrum—direct sequence and frequency hopping. The NCL1170 uses Direct-Sequence Spread-Spectrum (DSSS). In DSSS systems, the transmitted information, along with a digital spreading sequence, are used to modulate the transmit carrier. The received signal is de-spread using the same digital spreading sequence, and the information recovered.

Although spread spectrum appears complex and uses a wider bandwidth, the use of DSSS offers the following advantages:

• Reduced power spectral density—Spreading over a wider bandwidth reduces the

spectral density (power per Hz of bandwidth) of the transmitted signal, allowing simultaneous operation of many spread spectrum systems in the same frequency band and geographic area. The reduced spectral density also allows you meet the regulatory emissions requirements in frequency bands such as the ISM band.

• Transmission security—It is technologically more difficult to surreptitiously recover

(or jam, in the case of military communications systems) spread-spectrum signals than it is to recover conventional narrowband signals.

• Interference suppression—The same mechanism that de-spreads the desired

signal in the receiver, also spreads undesired signals, which then appear to the receiver as lower levels of RF noise.

1 NCL1170 Overview

For more information about spread spectrum communications, contact the WaveRider Product Assistance.

APCD–NC006–A 3

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2 Network Considerations

How you configure your NCL1170 depends on its intended role in your network. Before proceeding, answer the following questions:

• What network topology will I be implementing?

• Will my NCL1170 be operating in bridging or routing mode?

• Have I developed a network plan?

2.1 Network Topology

The NCL1170 can be deployed in three different network configurations:

• point-to-multipoint

• point-to-point

• repeater

Regardless of network configuration, each NCL1170 must be installed as either a bridge or router; it cannot operate simultaneously in both modes.

APCD–NC006–A 5

2 Network Considerations

2.1.1 Point-to-Multipoint

In a typical point-to-multipoint application (see Figure 2) a designated master unit A, transmits and receives data among station units B, C, D, and E, which are programmed to communicate with each other only through their master unit. In this type of configuration, the throughput of unit A is shared among all stations.

Ethernet

NCL1170

Ethernet

NCL1170

Ethernet

NCL1170

Radio

Figure 2 Point-to-Multipoint Application

Ethernet

NCL1170

Ethernet

NCL1170

6 APCD–NC006–A

2 Network Considerations

2.1.2 Point-to-Point

In a typical point-to-point application, (see Figure 3), unit A communicates directly with unit B. The NCL1170 can perform this type of link in either bridging or routing mode.

Ethernet EthernetRadio

NCL1170 NCL1170

Figure 3 Point-to-Point Application

2.1.3 Repeater

In a typical repeater application, (see Figure 4 ), unit A communicates with unit B via back-toback NCL1170 units C and D, with different frequencies used for each leg of the path. You would implement an NCL1170 in a repeater configuration whenever you need to circumvent large obstacles in the radio link path, or when the link from unit A to unit B is too long to maintain reasonable signal levels and data throughput.

Ethernet Radio Ethernet EthernetRadio

NCL1170

ACD

NCL1170 NCL1170 NCL1170

Figure 4 Repeater Application

In this configuration, the effective data throughput among any combination of units is equal to or less than the throughput between the slowest links.

APCD–NC006–A 7

2 Network Considerations

2.2 Bridging and Routing Network Configurations

2.2.1 Point-to-Multipoint Bridging Network

In a typical point-to-multipoint bridging network, (see Figure 5) unit A is installed as the network master, with units B, C, and D configured as stations, each defined by two network parameters:

• Master ID—which must be the same as the Unit ID for A.

• Unit ID—which must be added to the Remote Station List for A before it can be recognized as a network device.

If a station has a Master ID that does not match the unit ID for A, or it is not on the Master Remote Station List for A, it will not be able to communicate across the network.

Ethernet

NCL1170

Type: Station Unit ID: 103 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Bridging IP Address - Ethernet: 10.0.2.103 Master ID: 1001

Figure 5 Point-to-Multipoint Bridging Network Example

Ethernet

Radio

NCL1170

Type: Master Unit ID: 1001 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Bridging IP Address - Ethernet: 10.0.2.44 RemoteStation List: 101

102 103

Ethernet

NCL1170

Type: Station Unit ID: 101 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Bridging IP Address - Ethernet: 10.0.2.101 Master ID: 1001

Ethernet

NCL1170

Type: Station Unit ID: 102 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Bridging IP Address - Ethernet: 10.0.2.102 Master ID: 1001

8 APCD–NC006–A

2 Network Considerations

2.2.2 Point-to-Multipoint Routing Networks

In a typical point-to-multipoint routing network, (see Figure 6), NCL1170 unit A is dedicated as a router, while NCL1170 units B through D are operating in Station mode as gateways to their respective networks.

Ethernet

NCL1170

Type: Station Unit ID: 103 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Routing IP Address - Ethernet: 13.0.2.103

Master ID: 1001

- Radio: 10.0.2.103

Figure 6 Point-to-Multipoint Routing Network Example

Ethernet

Radio

NCL1170

Type: Master Unit ID: 1001 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Routing IP Address - Ethernet: 14.0.2.44

Remote Station List: 101

- Radio: 10.0.2.44 102

103

Ethernet

NCL1170

Type: Station Unit ID: 101 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Routing IP Address - Ethernet: 11.0.2.101

Master ID: 1001

- Radio: 10.0.2.101

Ethernet

NCL1170

Type: Station Unit ID: 102 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Routing IP Address - Ethernet: 12.0.2.102

Master ID: 1001

- Radio: 10.0.2.102

APCD–NC006–A 9

2 Network Considerations

2.3 Planning an NCL1170 Configuration

Configuring each NCL1170 correctly is crucial to the proper operation of your network. Review the flowchart in Figure 7 before starting the configuration to ensure that you have the necessary information to configure the unit correctly.

Record your configuration options for each unit in a configuration record similar to the one provided in Appendix F. Use the Configuration Data Record to help you plan your network and keep track of NCL1170 network assignments.

Start NCL1170

Configuration

Determine radio

channel

Determine unit ID

Determine s tation

unit IDs for

Remote Station

List

Radio Con figura tion

IP Con figu ration

Masteror

Station?

Determine IP address an d

subnet m as k for Ethernet

interface

Bridging or

Routing?

Bridge

(Optional)

Determine s tatic routes

(Optional)

Determine SNMP

configuration

StationMaster

Routing

Determine master

unit ID

Determine IP address

and subnet mask for

radio interface

Determine s tatic routes

(Optional)

Determine R IP

configuration

(Optional)

Determine DHCP Relay

configuration

(Optional)

Determine DNS server

configuration

End NCL 1170

Configuration

Figure 7 NCL1170 Configuration Planning Flowchart

10 APCD–NC006–A

3 Installing the NCL1170

This section describes the steps required to connect and initialize the NCL1170hardware prior to configuring the device as a bridge or router.

WARNING!

Antennas and associated transmission cable must be installed by qualified personnel. Fa ilure to terminate the antenna port correctly can permanently damage the NCL1170. WaveRider assumes no liability for failure to adhere to this recommendation or to recognized general safety precautions.

WARNING!

Connect only shielded twisted pair (STP) Ethernet cable to the 10Base Tx Ethernet (RJ-45) port on the NCL1170. It is the responsibility of the installer to supply and use the correct type of Ethernet cable.

WARNING!

The AC adapter shipped with your NCL1170 is the only approved power supply for this device. Attempting to power the NCL1170 from any other source—even if it meets or exceeds our product specifications—will void your warranty unless you obtain prior approval in writing from WaveRider Customer Support.

APCD–NC006–A 11

3 Installing the NCL1170

3.1 Connecting the NCL1170

1. Attach an antenna or 50-ohm load to the antenna port at the rear of the NCL1170. Do NOT plug the NCL1170 to the power outlet until you have the antenna or load connected.

NOTE: To prevent equipment damage, the NCL1170 is factory preset

with its radio transmission capabilities disabled. However, as a general precaution, WaveRider recommends that you always connect the antenna or load before source.

connecting to a power

Rear View

Power Connector

10Base Tx Ethernet Connector (RJ-45)

RS-232 Connector (DB-9) Console Port

Antenna Connector (WaveRider custom SMA)

Front View

Radio Link Indicator

Receive Signal Strength Indicator

Power ON Indicator

Figure 8 NCL1170 Connectors and Indicators

2. Use an RS-232 straight-through cable to connect a terminal to the DB9 console port.

NOTE: You can use any ASCII terminal, such as a single-function

terminal or a computer running terminal-emulation software to communicate with the NCL1170 through its console port. Use this port for configuring and debugging only; you do not have to remain connected through it during normal operation. Figure 9 illustrates the pin-out for the console port.

12 APCD–NC006–A

3 InstallingtheNCL1170

9867

DB9 Male DTE Configuration Pin 2 Tx line

Pin 3 Rx line Pin 4 DSR Pin 5 Ground Pin 6 DTR

Figure 9 Console Port Pin-out Diagram

3. If you are using a terminal-emulation package,such as HyperTerminal, start the application.

4. In the terminal-emulation application, select the communications port that you are using to connect to the NCL1170.

5. Configure the application using the following settings:

• 9600 bps

• 8 data bits

•noparity

• 1 stop bit

•noflowcontrol

6. Plug the NCL1170 into a 110 or 220 V AC power source using the custom power cord provided with the unit.

NOTE: When disengaging and removing the NCL1170 power cord,

carefully slide back the locking collar around its DC connector.

APCD–NC006–A 13

3.2 Initializing the NCL1170

As the unit powers-up, and the initialization sequence begins, progress messages are displayed on the terminal screen. When initialization is complete, you will receive a message indicating that the system is operational, followed by the PASSWORD: prompt. The factory default password for the NCL1170 is a <blank field>, although WaveRider recommends that you assign an unique password to each NCL1170 in your network.

If the NCL1170 default password <blank field> is acceptable, Enter. Otherwise,

T o change the password of your NCL1170, follow the instructions in Changing the

NCL1170 Password, on page 15.

T o specify a system name for your NCL1170, follow the instructions in Setting the

NCL1170 System Name, on page 16.

T o reload the default settings of an NCL1170 already configured for use elsewhere in your network, follow the instructions is Resetting an NCL1170 to Factory Defaults, on page 16. If the NCL1170 is a factory-configured unit, you can omit this step.

For each of these procedures, you must be connected to the NCL1170 and logged into the device.

3 InstallingtheNCL1170

APCD–NC006–A 14

3 InstallingtheNCL1170

3.2.1 Changing the NCL1170 Password

Use this procedure if you want to request a password before users log on. For maximum security, we recommend that you set a unique password for each unit in your

network, and record all passwords on the Configuration Data Record for the group. Refer to

Appendix F for a copy of the NCL1170 Network Group Configuration Data Record.

T o change the password of the NCL1170

1. At the NCL1170> prompt, type <system password>.

2. At the Enter Current Password: prompt, type the old password.

3. At the Enter New Password: prompt, type the new password.

TIP: Use a maximum of sixteen (16) alphanumeric characters. Passwords are case-sensitive. For example, “abc” is not the same as “aBc”.

4. At the Verify password: prompt, type the new password again. The system will display a message that your password has been successfully

changed.

5. Type <write> or <save> to save the settings to memory.

Your session to change the password may be similar to the following example session:

NCL1170> system password

Enter Current Password: *******

Enter New Password: ****

Verify password: ****

System password has been changed.

NCL1170>

CAUTION: Remember to record the password in your Data Configuration Record. Unlocking the NCL1170 can be a complicated process. If you forget your NCL1170 password, contact WaveRider Product Assistance.

APCD–NC006–A 15

3 InstallingtheNCL1170

3.2.2 Setting the NCL1170 System Name

Use this procedure if you want to uniquely identify your system by either name or location.

To change the system name of the NCL1170

1. At the NCL1170> prompt, type <system name your_system_name> to name the NCL1170 in your system.

TIP: We recommend that you use a system name that uniquely identifies each unit, based on its location, its purpose, or a combination of both. For example, a system name, Station_firehall identifies the NCL1170 configured as a Station and located at the firehall.

Example: To change the system name from NCL1170 to Station_firehall would look like this:

NCL1170> system name Station_firehall

System name changed to: Station_firehall

Station_firehall>

2. Type <write> or <save> to save the settings to memory.

NOTE: In this User Manual, the command-line prompt will always be

shown as NCL1170>.

3.2.3 Resetting an NCL1170 to Factory Defaults

Use this procedure if the NCL1170 has already been configured for use elsewhere in your network and you need to restore its factory settings.

T o reset the factory defaults of the NCL1170

1. Connect the NCL1170 to a terminal or terminal-emulation software and at the NCL1170> prompt, type <write erase> to reset the unit to its factory-default settings.

2. Type <reboot> for the unit to recognize the factory-default settings.

APCD–NC006–A 16

4 Configuring the NCL1170

This section describes the steps required to configure the NCL1170 as either a bridge or router,including the options available for routing and system monitoring. Youcan configure the NCL1170 two ways:

• Console Port command line interface (CLI)

• WaveRider Configuration Utility (GUI)

If you choose to configure the NCL1170 via console port CLI, before proceeding, familiarize yourself with the command definitions and keyboard syntax (See NCL1170 Command-Line

Syntax on page 57.), plus command and help keyboard shortcuts (See Table 7 on page 58.).

NOTE: The following section describes the procedures for configuring

theNCL1170viaCLI.TodownloadtheWaveRider Configuration Utility from our web site, contact Product Assistance to request a password, then visit: <http://www.waverider.com/techsupport/> to download the software.

The procedures for configuring the NCL1170 via command-line interface are divided into two categories:

• Radio configuration—see Setting the Radio Configuration on page 18

• IP configuration—see Setting the IP Configuration on page 19

You can also configure the NCL1170 for the following options:

• Routing Information Protocol (RIP)—see Setting RIP Configuration on page 20

• Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP) Relay—see Setting the DHCP Relay

Configuration on page 22

• Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)—see Setting the SNMP Configuration on page 22

• Domain Name Service (DNS) Resolver—see Settingthe DNS ResolverConfiguration on page 23

APCD–NC006–A 17

4 Configuring the NCL1170

4.1 Setting the Radio Configuration

Before setting the radio configuration parameters, ensure that the NCL1170 has been connected to a terminal and initialized as described in Connecting the NCL1 170,onpage12, and that the password has been set as described in Changing the NCL1170 Password,on page 15.

WARNING!

1. Determine the radio channel for the network. See Appendix C for a list of operating frequencies.

2. At the NCL1170> prompt, type <radio channel channel> to set the radio channel for the NCL1170, where channel is the number of the network radio channel on which the unit will operate.

3. Determine the unit IDs for the Master and Stations for this NCL1170 network group. The unit ID is a unique number, from 1 to 16383, that is used to identify the NCL1170 within the network group.

4. At the NCL1170> prompt, type <radio unitid unit_id> to set the NCL1170 unit ID.

5. To set the NCL1170 as a Master, type <radio type master>. To set the NCL1170 as a Station, type <radio type station>.

If the NCL1170is a Master, add the unit IDs for the Stations that are configured for this network group. At the NCL1170> prompt, type <radio station add station_unitid> where station_unitid is the unit ID for a Station.

NOTE: To remove a Station from the Remote Station List, type <radio

station del station_unitid> where station_unitid

is the unit ID for the Station you want removed.

6. Repeat step for each Station that you want to add to the Remote Station List for the Master NCL1170. A maximum of 20 Stations can be added to one Master.

7. If the NCL1170 is a Station, add the Master unit ID for the network group. At the

NCL1170> prompt, type <radio masterID master_unitid> where master_unitid is the unit ID for Master NCL1170 in the network group.

TIP: To display a list of Stations associated with a specific NCL1170Master, type <radio station> at the NCL1170> prompt.

18 APCD–NC006–A

8. At the NCL1170> prompt, type <write> to save the settings to memory.

4.2 Setting the IP Configuration

Check that the NCL1170 is has been connected to a terminal and initialized as described in

Connecting the NCL1170, on page 12 and you have changed the password as described in Changing the NCL1170 Password,onpage15.

Before configuring IP options, complete the radio configuration as described in Setting the

Radio Configuration,onpage18.

1. At the NCL1170> prompt, type <ip address ethernet aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd nn> to set the IP address for the Ethernet interface. aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address of the NCL1170 and nn is the number of bits in the subnet mask (for example, 24 represents a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0).

2. At the NCL1170> prompt, type <mode bridging> or <mode routing> to set the forwarding mode.

4 ConfiguringtheNCL1170

If you are setting the NCL1170 to operate in bridging mode, go directly to Step 3. If setting the NCL1170 to routing mode, type <ip address radio

remote_unit_id aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd eee.fff.ggg.hhh> to set the IP address for the radio interface to the remote unit. aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd isthe IP address for the local unit and eee.fff.ggg.hhh is the IP address for the remote unit.

NOTE: If you change the radio IP address for a Station at a later time,

remember to update the Master with the new Station IP address. If you change the radio IP address for a Master at a later time, remember to update each Station in the Remote Station List with the new remote IP address for the Master.

3. For a Master unit, repeat step 2 for every Station in the group. For a Station unit, you only need to enter the remote unit IP address for the Master.

4. Optionally, you can add up to 256 static routes for the NCL1 170. At the NCL1170> prompt, type <ip route add aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd eee.fff.ggg.hhh subnet_mask> where aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address for the destination network, eee.fff.ggg.hhh is the IP address for the gateway, and subnet_mask is specified in the number of bits.

5. If the mode is routing and the NCL1170 is a Master, type <ip route add station_ethernet_subnet station_radio_ip_address subnet_mask> to route the Master subnet traffic to the Master.

6. If the mode is routing and the NCL1170 is a Station, type <ip route add 0.0.0.0 master_radio_ip_address 0> to add a default static route to route all unknown subnets through the Master.

7. At the NCL1170> prompt, type <radio enable> to enable the NCL1170 to transmit messages. Ensure that the NCL1170 antenna port is terminated.

APCD–NC006–A 19

4 Configuring the NCL1170

8. At the NCL1170> prompt, type <write> to save the settings to memory.

9. When done configuring the NCL1170, disconnect the terminal from the NCL1170.

4.3 Configuration Options

For added performance, flexibility, and convenience, the NCL1170 offers users the following configuration options:

Routing Mode

• Routing Information Protocol (RIP)—see Setting RIP Configuration on page 20

• Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP) Relay—see Setting the DHCP Relay

Configuration on page 22

System Monitoring

• Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)—see Setting the SNMP Configuration on page 22

• Domain Name Service (DNS) Resolver—see Settingthe DNS ResolverConfiguration on page 23

After completing these procedures, it is important to confirm that the configuration is correct before deploying the NCL1170 in the field. Refer to Chapter 5, Testing and Deployment,on page 35.

Two example configuration diagrams and sessions are provided in Examples of Bridging and

Routing Configurations, on page 24: one for a point-to-multipoint bridging network, and the

second for a point-to-multipoint routing network.

4.3.1 Setting RIP Configuration

When the NCL1170 is operating in Routing Mode, you can optionally enable the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) feature. RIP is a protocol that runs between two routers (for example, two NCL1170s) or servers to allow exchange information about routes. When RIP is enabled in routing mode, the NCL1170 can be configured to “advertise” default routes and staticroutes, as well as interface routes.

In bridging mode, enabling RIP has no effect.

20 APCD–NC006–A

4 ConfiguringtheNCL1170

The NCL1170 supports both RIP versions 1 and 2. You can set RIP version 2 to either broadcast, compatible, or multicast modes.

CAUTION: RIP version 1 exchanges the minimal amount of information necessary for an NCL1170 to route packets through a network, and does not consider subnetting, which is required to determine the best route. If the designated

RIP route is a network route, RIP version 1 will interpret the network mask and subnet mask as the same, which may not always be correct. To avoid possible problems, we recommend NCL1170 users install RIP version 2, which exhanges explicit subnet and ‘nexthop’ information for each route.

1. At the NCL1170> prompt, type <ip rip enable> to enable RIP as the routing mode.

2. To transmit the route information in packets, type <ip rip active>.IfRIPissetto quiet, it receives and processes RIP packets, but it does not transmit them.

3. Type <ip rip version> to display the current version of RIP.

4. If RIP is version 1, it is broadcast only. To change RIP routing to support version 2, type <ip rip version 2>.

5. If you set RIP to version 2, you can additionally specify how RIP handles packets.

To do this.... Type...

Disable RIP Routing <ip rip disable> Enable RIP routing. <ip rip enable> Send version 2 advertisements as broadcast. <ip rip broadcast> Send version 2 advertisements to RIP version 2

multicast addresses. This is generally more efficient than broadcast.

6. To enable RIP to advertise the default route, if one exists, in the advertisement, type

<ip rip default>.

To set RIP to advertise static routes, as well as all other RIP information, type

<ip rip update>. To send all route information except static route data, type <ip rip noupdate>.

APCD–NC006–A 21

4 Configuring the NCL1170

4.3.2 Setting the DHCP Relay Configuration

When the NCL1170 is in routing mode, you can optionally enable Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP) relay which makes the NCL1170 aware of the protocol for DHCP traffic and forwards the responses to the designated DHCP server.

NOTE: When the NCL1170 is operating in bridging mode, DHCP Relay is

You can specify up to five DHCP servers in the NCL1170 configuration.

1. At the NCL1170> prompt,type <dhcp mode relay> to enable DHCP Relay in the device.

2. To add a DHCP server, type <dhcp relay add ip_address> where ip_address is the IP Address for the DHCP Server available for the NCL1170 to forward and receive DHCP traffic.

3. At the NCL1170> prompt, type <save> to transfer the settings to memory.

NOTE: To remove a DHCP server, type <dhcp relay delete

transparent, and therefore, not an available option.

ip_address>. To disable DHCP Relay, type <dhcp mode

none>.

4.3.3 Setting the SNMP Configuration

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) enables a network management station to remotely monitor and control network devices incorporating an SNMP agent.

SNMP allows you to look at SNMP variables using READ communities, and to set SNMP variables using WRITE communities. Communities are optional on the NCL1170, but it can support a maximum of five communities. An NCL1170 is factory-configured with two communities, a READ community called “public” and a WRITE community called “private.”

SNMP also provides a mechanism called trap, which notifies a network management station that a significant event has taken place. A significant event can be an interface going down or coming up, a unit performing a cold or warm start, or an authentication failure. Refer to RFC 1157 for details.

Associated with SNMP are Management Information Bases (MIBs). These specify a collection of management information available from the agent. This information can be controlled and monitored from a network management station.

The NCL1170 implements SNMPv2c and includes a number of standard SNMP MIBs:

•RFC1157(MIB-Il)

• RFC1493 (bridging)

• an NCL1170-specific MIB

WaveRider MIBs can be downloaded from the technical support page at www.waverider.com. The following procedure describes how to configure standard SNMP communities for read/ write access to the NCL1170 SNMP agent and to specify a server IP address to which trap messages are sent.

22 APCD–NC006–A

4 ConfiguringtheNCL1170

1. At the NCL1170> prompt, type <snmp> to display the current SNMP settings for the NCL1170.

2. To add a new community, type <snmp community add community READ|WRITE> where community is the name of the community and READ|WRITE is the community type. You can have a maximum of five communities.

3. If a community is not set up the way you want it, delete it by typing <snmp community del community READ|WRITE> where community is the name of the community and READ|WRITE is the communitytype.

4. At the NCL1170> prompt, type <snmp location location> to change the geographical location of the NCL1170.

5. Type <snmp contact contact> to change the contact name for the NCL1170. The contact can be a name and phone number, a URL, or an email address.

6. To add a trap server to the NCL1170 configuration, type <snmp trap add aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd community> where aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address of the trap server and community is the name of the community on the trap server.

7. To delete a trap server from the NCL1170 configuration, type <snmp trap del aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd community> where aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address of the trap server and community is the name of the community on the trap server.

8. At the NCL1170> prompt, type <save> to transfer the settings to memory.

4.3.4 Setting the DNS Resolver Configuration

The NCL1170 implements Domain Name Server/Service (DNS) resolver software. Once configured, you can use host names instead of IP addresses when you make a Telnet connection from the NCL1170 console to other IP hosts on the network, or when you issue ping or traceroute commands to test connectivity.

Adding DNS lists is optional on the NCL1170, but you can configure the NCL1170 to use a maximum of five DNS servers. An NCL1170 is factory-configured with no DNS servers listed.

You can also configure the NCL1170 to include a domain name for your local IP network. The following procedure describes how to configure the NCL1170 to implement DNS resolver

software and configure the NCL1170 domain name. Setting the DNS resolver configuration is optional.

1. At the NCL1170> prompt, type <ip dns> to display the current DNS setup used by the NCL1170.

2. To add a DNS Server, type <ip dns server add aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd> where aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address of the DNS Server.

3. To delete a DNS Server, type <ip dns server del aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd> where aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address of the DNS Server.

4. To set the domain name for your local IP network, type <ip dns domain domain_name> where domain_name is the name for your local IP network.

5. At the NCL1170> prompt, type <save> to transfer the settings to memory.

APCD–NC006–A 23

4 Configuring the NCL1170

4.4 Examples of Bridging and Routing Configurations

The following diagrams show typical point-to-multipoint bridging and routing network topologies, plus the corresponding command-line entries required to configure the devices in the network.

In a point-to-multipoint network configuration, each NCL1170 must be configured to operate as either a bridge or router. You cannot mix operational modes.

4.4.1 Point-to-Multipoint Bridging Network

Figure 10 shows a configuration of a typical point-to-multipoint bridging network.

Ethernet

NCL1170

Type: Station Unit ID: 103 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Bridging IP Address - Ethernet: 10.0.2.103 Master ID: 1001

Ethernet

Radio

Type: Station Unit ID: 101 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Bridging IP Address - Ethernet: 10.0.2.101 Master ID: 1001

Ethernet

NCL1170

Type: Master Unit ID: 1001 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Bridging IP Address - Ethernet: 10.0.2.44 RemoteStation List: 101

Ethernet

102 103

NCL1170

Type: Station Unit ID: 102 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Bridging IP Address - Ethernet: 10.0.2.102 Master ID: 1001

Figure 10 Example of Point-to-Multipoint Bridging Network

In Figure 10, unit A has been configured as the Master of the system with remote units B, C, and D configured as Stations. Units B, C, and D unit IDs have been manually added to the Master (unit A) Remote Station List. The Master unit ID on each Station is set to the unit ID for unit A. If a unit is not in the Master Remote Station List, or does not have the Master unit ID set, it will not be able to join the network.

The following example session shows how to configure the Master NCL1170 for the bridging network shown in Figure 10.

24 APCD–NC006–A

NCL1170>

4 ConfiguringtheNCL1170

NCL1170> radio channel 1 Radio channel changed to: 1

NCL1170> radio unitid 1001 Unit ID changed to: 1001

NCL1170> radio type master Radio type changed to: Master

NCL1170> radio station add 101 Station added.

NCL1170> radio station add 102 Station added.

NCL1170> radio station add 103 Station added.

NCL1170> radio RADIO CONFIGURATION: Radio type : Master Wireless ID : 1001 Speed : 11Mbs Channel : 1 Regulatory Domain : FCC/IC Frequency : 2.412 GHz Interframe spacing: 32 (281.6 micro seconds) Hardware address : 00:90:27:CA:62:A3 Network Card IRQ : 5 NIC Base Address : 0x0d0000 Remote Stations : 101

: 102 : 103

Sets the radio channel

Sets the NCL1170 unit ID

Sets the NCL1170 type to Mas

Adds a station to the Master Remote Station List

Displays the radio configuration information

NCL1170> ip address ethernet 10.0.2.44 16 IP addresses:

Ethernet: 10.0.2.44/16

NCL1170> mode bridging Forwarding mode: Bridging

NCL1170> ip Forwarding Mode: BRIDGING Addresses:

Ethernet: 10.0.2.44/16 Routing: IP Routing (Static Only) Routing Table: Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface

--------------------------------------------------------------------

10.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.44 UC Local eeE0

10.0.2.44 0 10.0.2.44 UHL ICMP lo0

127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0

-------------------------------------------------------------------DNS Domain Name: DNS Servers: No DNS servers defined.

NCL1170> write

Changes the local Ethernet IP address

Sets the mode to bridging

Displays theIP configuration information

Saves the configuration

APCD–NC006–A 25

4 Configuring the NCL1170

The following example session shows how to configure Station B in Figure 10 to join the network. To configure the remaining Stations, use the same procedure, replacing the unit ID and IP address for each with the appropriate information for that Station.

NCL1170>

NCL1170> radio channel 1 Radio channel changed to: 1

NCL1170> radio unitid 101 Unit ID changed to: 101

NCL1170> radio type station Radio type changed to: Station

NCL1170> radio masterid 1001 Master Id changed to: 1001

NCL1170> ip address ethernet 10.0.2.101 16 IP addresses:

Ethernet: 10.0.2.101/16

NCL1170> mode bridging Forwarding mode: Bridging

NCL1170> radio RADIO CONFIGURATION: Radio type : Station Wireless ID : 101 Speed : 11Mbs Channel : 1 Regulatory Domain : FCC/IC Frequency : 2.412 GHz Interframe spacing: 32 (281.6 micro seconds) Hardware address : 00:90:27:CA:62:A3 Network Card IRQ : 5 NIC Base Address : 0x0d0000 Master ID : 1001

NCL1170> ip Forwarding Mode: BRIDGING Addresses:

Ethernet: 10.0.2.101/16 Routing: IP Routing (Static Only) Routing Table: Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface

--------------------------------------------------------------------

10.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.101 UC Local eeE0

10.0.2.101 0 10.0.2.101 UHL ICMP lo0

127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0

-------------------------------------------------------------------DNS Domain Name: DNS Servers: No DNS servers defined.

Sets the NCL1170 type to Station

Identifies the unit ID of the Master for this

NCL1170> write

26 APCD–NC006–A

4 ConfiguringtheNCL1170

4.4.2 Point-to-Multipoint Routing Network

Figure 11 shows a configuration of a typical point-to-multipoint routing network.

Ethernet

NCL1170

Ethernet

Type: Station Unit ID: 103 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Routing IP Address - Ethernet: 13.0.2.103

Master ID: 1001

- Radio: 10.0.2.103

Ethernet

Radio

NCL1170

Type: Master Unit ID: 1001 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Routing IP Address - Ethernet: 14.0.2.44

Remote Station List: 101

- Radio: 10.0.2.44 102

103

Type: Station Unit ID: 102 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Routing IP Address - Ethernet: 12.0.2.102

Master ID: 1001

NCL1170

Type: Station Unit ID: 101 Radio Channel: 1 Mode: Routing IP Address - Ethernet: 11.0.2.101

Master ID: 1001

- Radio: 10.0.2.101

Ethernet

NCL1170

- Radio: 10.0.2.102

Figure 11 Example of Point-to-Multipoint Routing Network

The following example session shows how to configure the Master NCL1170 for the routing network shown in Figure 11.

NCL1170> NCL1170> ip address ethernet 14.0.2.44 16 IP addresses:

Ethernet: 14.0.2.44/16

NCL1170> mode routing Forwarding mode: IP Routing

NCL1170> dhcp DHCP Disabled

NCL1170> dhcp mode relay DHCP Relay Enabled

NCL1170> dhcp relay add 10.0.1.44 DHCP Servers/Relay Agents:

10.0.1.44

NCL1170> radio channel 1

NCL1170> radio type master Radio type changed to: Master

NCL1170> radio unitid 1001 Unit ID changed to: 1001

NCL1170> radio station add 101

Sets the mode to routing

DHCP Relay is disabled by default

Enable DHCP Relay

Add a DHCP Server to the DHCP Relay table

APCD–NC006–A 27

4 Configuring the NCL1170

Station added.

NCL1170> radio station add 102 Station added.

NCL1170> radio station add 103 Station added.

NCL1170> ip Forwarding Mode: IP ROUTING Addresses:

Ethernet: 14.0.2.44/16 Radio: 101, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p ?

102, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p ?

103, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p ? Routing: IP Routing (Static Only) Routing Table: Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface

--------------------------------------------------------------------

14.0.2.44 0 14.0.2.44 UHL ICMP lo0

14.0.0.0 16 14.0.2.44 UC Local eeE0

127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0

-------------------------------------------------------------------DNS Domain Name: DNS Servers: No DNS servers defined.

: 102 : 103

Displays the IP configuration

The ? means that the IP address for the remote unit in the routing network has not been set

NCL1170> ip address radio 101 10.0.2.44 10.0.2.101 IP addresses:

Ethernet: 14.0.2.44/16 Radio: 101, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.101

102, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p ?

103, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p ?

NCL1170> ip address radio 102 10.0.2.44 10.0.2.102 IP addresses:

Ethernet: 14.0.2.44/16 Radio: 101, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.101

102, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.102

103, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p ?

NCL1170> ip address radio 103 10.0.2.44 10.0.2.103 IP addresses:

Ethernet: 14.0.2.44/16 Radio: 101, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.101

102, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.102

103, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.103

Sets the radio IP address for the route to station B (unit ID 101)

Sets the radio IP address for the route to station C (unit ID 102)

Sets the radio IP address for the route to station D (unit ID 103)

28 APCD–NC006–A

4 ConfiguringtheNCL1170

NCL1170> ip route add 11.0.0.0 10.0.2.101 16 Routing Table: Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface

--------------------------------------------------------------------

14.0.2.44 0 14.0.2.44 UHL ICMP lo0

10.0.2.101 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr1

10.0.2.102 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr2

10.0.2.103 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr3

14.0.0.0 16 14.0.2.44 UC Local eeE0

11.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.101 UC Static mdr1

127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0

--------------------------------------------------------------------

NCL1170> ip route add 12.0.0.0 10.0.2.102 16 Routing Table: Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface

--------------------------------------------------------------------

14.0.2.44 0 14.0.2.44 UHL ICMP lo0

10.0.2.101 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr1

10.0.2.102 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr2

10.0.2.103 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr3

14.0.0.0 16 14.0.2.44 UC Local eeE0

11.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.101 UC Static mdr1

12.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.102 UC Static mdr2

127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0

--------------------------------------------------------------------

NCL1170> ip route add 13.0.0.0 10.0.2.103 16 Routing Table: Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface

--------------------------------------------------------------------

14.0.2.44 0 14.0.2.44 UHL ICMP lo0

10.0.2.101 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr1

10.0.2.102 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr2

10.0.2.103 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr3

14.0.0.0 16 14.0.2.44 UC Local eeE0

11.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.101 UC Static mdr1

12.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.102 UC Static mdr2

13.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.103 UC Static mdr3

127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0

--------------------------------------------------------------------

Foreach Station, route the Ethernet subnet to the radio IP address of the Station

NCL1170> ip Forwarding Mode: IP ROUTING Addresses:

Ethernet: 14.0.2.44/16 Radio: 101, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.101

Routing: IP Routing (Static Only) Routing Table: Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface

--------------------------------------------------------------------

14.0.2.44 0 14.0.2.44 UHL ICMP lo0

10.0.2.101 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr1

10.0.2.102 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr2

10.0.2.103 0 10.0.2.44 UHC Local mdr3

14.0.0.0 16 14.0.2.44 UC Local eeE0

11.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.101 UC Static mdr1

12.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.102 UC Static mdr2

13.0.0.0 16 10.0.2.103 UC Static mdr3

127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0

-------------------------------------------------------------------DNS Domain Name:

102, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.102 103, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p 10.0.2.103

Note the IP addresses for the remote Stations are

APCD–NC006–A 29

4 Configuring the NCL1170

DNS Servers: No DNS servers defined.

NCL1170> write

The following example session shows how to configure Station B in Figure 11 to join the routing network. To configure the remaining Stations, use the same procedure, replacing the unit ID for each Station with the appropriate ID for that Station.

NCL1170> NCL1170> ip address ethernet 11.0.2.101 16 IP addresses:

Ethernet: 11.0.2.101/16 Radio: 200, 10.0.2.44 p-t-p ?

NCL1170> dhcp mode relay DHCP Relay Enabled

NCL1170> dhcp relay add 10.0.1.44 DHCP Servers/Relay Agents:

10.0.1.44

NCL1170> radio channel 1

NCL1170> mode routing Forwarding mode: IP Routing

NCL1170> radio type station Radio type changed to: Station

NCL1170> radio unitid 101 Unit ID changed to: 101

NCL1170> radio masterid 1001 Master Id changed to: 1001

NCL1170> ip address radio 1001 10.0.2.101

10.0.2.44 IP addresses:

Ethernet: 11.0.2.101/16 Radio: 1001, 10.0.2.101 p-t-p 10.0.2.44

NCL1170> ip route add 0.0.0.0 10.0.2.44 16

Routing Table: Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface

--------------------------------------------------------------------

10.0.2.44 0 10.0.2.101 UHC Local mdr1

11.0.2.101 0 11.0.2.101 UHL ICMP lo0

11.0.0.0 16 11.0.2.101 UC Local eeE0

0.0.0.0 0 10.0.2.44 UC Static mdr1

127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0

--------------------------------------------------------------------

Enable DHCP Relay

Add a DHCP Server to the DHCP Relay table

Set the radio channel

Set the radio IP address for the route to the Master NCL1170

Set the default static route

NCL1170> radio RADIO CONFIGURATION: Radio type : Station Wireless ID : 101 Speed : 11Mbs Channel : 4 Regulatory Domain : FCC/IC Frequency : 2.412 GHz Interframe spacing: 32 (281.6 micro seconds)

30 APCD–NC006–A

4 ConfiguringtheNCL1170

Hardware address : 00:90:27:CA:62:A3 Network Card IRQ : 5 NIC Base Address : 0x0d0000 Master ID : 1001

NCL1170> ip Forwarding Mode: IP ROUTING Addresses:

Ethernet: 11.0.2.101/16

Radio: 1001, 10.0.2.101 p-t-p 10.0.2.44 Routing: IP Routing (Static Only) Routing Table: Destination Mask Gateway Flags Protocol Interface

--------------------------------------------------------------------

10.0.2.44 0 10.0.2.101 UHC Local mdr1

11.0.2.101 0 11.0.2.101 UHL ICMP lo0

11.0.0.0 16 11.0.2.101 UC Local eeE0

0.0.0.0 0 10.0.2.44 UC Static mdr1

127.0.0.1 0 127.0.0.1 UH Local lo0

-------------------------------------------------------------------DNS Domain Name: DNS Servers: No DNS servers defined.

APCD–NC006–A 31

4 Configuring the NCL1170

4.5 Updating an NCL1170 Using Remote Connections

You can connect to the NCL1170 remotely through either of the following methods:

• FTP

• Telnet

To access an NCL1170 remotely, you will require the following information:

• IP address for the NCL1170

• Password for the NCL1170 (Refer to the Configuration Data Record)

NOTE: If your network has a firewall, you may be able to access the

NCL1170 only from within the network. Before attempting to configure the NCL1170using a remote connection, you should be familiar with the configuration procedures described in

Configuring the NCL1170, on page 17.

4.5.1 Establishing an FTP Connection

Use an FTP session to upload firmware upgrades to the NCL1170. Specific instructions to upgrade firmware will be provided with each new release.

NOTE: The following procedure assumes that you are using a basic

command-line FTP application.

1. From a computer or terminal, start an FTP session following the instructions for the FTP application you are using.

2. Log into the NCL1170.

3. At the User Name prompt, press Enter. For FTP sessions, the User Name for the NCL1170 is blank.

4. At the Password prompt, type the NCL1170 password that you defined for the device. Refer to the Configuration Data Record for the NCL1170.

5. On the FTP client, change the TransferMode to binary. For example, type <binary>.

6. On the FTP client, put the file to the client (for example: type <put filename.exe filename.exe>) .The file transfer will require approximately one minute to complete.

7. After the confirmation message is received, quit the FTP session. For example, type <quit>.

NOTE: Once finished with the FTP session, you will need to follow up

with a Telnet session to reboot the NCL1170 for the upgrade to take effect.

32 APCD–NC006–A

4 ConfiguringtheNCL1170

4.5.2 Establishing a Telnet Session

Use a Telnet connection to the NCL1170 to modify configuration parameters or to restart the NCL1170 from a remote location.

CAUTION: If you connect to the NCL1170 using Telnet and change the Routing Tables, Mode, or Radio or Ethernet IP addresses, your connection to the device may be dropped. You will need to reconnect to the NCL1170 using the new IP address in order to save your changes to the device. When you use a local serial

connection, this does not occur.

You can use a standard Telnet application to connect to the NCL1170.

1. Start the Telnet application on your computer.

2. Use a remote system connection to connect to the IP address for the NCL1170.

3. At the Password prompt, type the NCL1170 password. The application opens a terminal-emulation screen.

4. Modify the configuration parameters as necessary.

5. When done, type <exit> to close the Telnet session.

NOTE: If you restart or reboot while connected to the NCL1170 through

Telnet, it will drop your connection. After restarting, you must reconnect to the NCL1170 before continuing.

APCD–NC006–A 33

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5 Testing and Deployment

This section describes the tests that you can perform before and after deployment to optimize the performance of your NCL1170:

Before Deployment

• radio connection (pinging)

After Deployment

• signal strength (antenna alignment)

• continuous transmit and receive

• transmit and receive loopback

5.1 Performing a Ping Test

Use the Ping Test to verify that the NCL1170 is configured correctly and able to communicate with other bridges and routers.

NOTE: This test requires two NCL1170 units, one configured as a

Master, and the other, a Station, set up on either side of a room, at least 12 feet apart.

1. Ensure that each NCL1170 has an antenna connected to it. Do NOT plug the NCL1170 to the power outlet until you have an antenna connected.

APCD–NC006–A 35

5 Testing and Deployment

2. Plug the NCL1170 back into the power source and at the terminal console keyboard, log into the NCL1170.

3. At the NCL1170> prompt, type <ip ping ip_address> where ip_address is the IP address for the other NCL1170.

4. Let the ip ping command run for approximately 10 seconds. Press any key to end the ip ping command. If the configuration is correct, you should get a response similar to the following:

NCL1170> NCL1170> ip ping 10.0.2.52 Press any key to stop. PING 10.0.2.52: 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 10.0.2.52: icmp_seq=0. time=0. ms 64 bytes from 10.0.2.52: icmp_seq=1. time=30. ms 64 bytes from 10.0.2.52: icmp_seq=2. time=0. ms 64 bytes from 10.0.2.52: icmp_seq=3. time=0. ms 64 bytes from 10.0.2.52: icmp_seq=4. time=0. ms 64 bytes from 10.0.2.52: icmp_seq=5. time=0. ms 64 bytes from 10.0.2.52: icmp_seq=6. time=0. ms

----10.0.2.52 PING Statistics---7 packets transmitted, 7 packets received, 0% packet loss round-trip (ms) min/avg/max = 0/4/30

WARNING!

NCL1170>

If the connection does not work, you will receive the following message:

NCL1170> NCL1170> ip ping 10.0.2.52 Press any key to stop. PING 10.0.2.52: 56 data bytes no answer from 10.0.2.52

NCL1170>

You receive replies only if the link is operational. Refer to Chapter 7, Troubleshooting,onpage 53 if the device does not respond.

36 APCD–NC006–A

5.2 Optimizing Signal Strength

5.2.1 Running the Continuous Transmit (Tx) Test

This test should only be used when setting up a Master and the first Station of a new network. The purposeof this test is to send a continuous streamof messages from an NCL1170 Master to a Station which receives and discards the messages, or to a spectrum analyzer for signal monitoring. The Radio Packet Error Rate (PER) is displayed at a Station receiving the Continuous Transmit messages and using that information, an installer aligns the antenna accordingly. Refer to section 6.2, Radio Packet Error Rate (PER),onpage44formore information.

You will need one NCL1170 configured as a Master. At the other end of the link, you can have an NCL1170 Station or a spectrum analyzer. The following procedure describes the test for a Master NCL1170 and one Station NCL1170. If you are using a spectrum analyzer, adjust the antenna for maximum received signal.

5 TestingandDeployment

CAUTION: Do NOT run this test in a working network. Doing so will cause network operations to slow down. These tests must be performed individually on each NCL1170 unit.

1. Ensure that the NCL1170s (one Master and one Station) have been configured and tested.

2. Deploy the Master and Station connecting the antennas as required.

WARNING!

3. Connect a terminal at each NCL1170 using a serial cable and log into each device.

4. At the Master NCL1170 console terminal, type <radio txTest start> to begin the Continuous Transmit Test. “Radio Tx Test On” is displayed above the NCL1170> prompt when the test is running.

5. At the Station NCL1170 console terminal, type <radio per continuous> to begin displaying the Radio PER. Refer to section 6.2, Radio Packet Error Rate (PER),on page 44 for more information.

6. Using the information from Radio PER, align the antenna at the NCL1170 Station so that the number of packets missed is at a minimum rate.

APCD–NC006–A 37

5 TestingandDeployment

7. When done with the antenna alignment, stop the test at the Master NCL1170. Type

<radio txTest stop>.

8. At the Station NCL1170, press any key to end the Radio PER output.

NOTE: By default, a Master NCL1170 keeps track of the Radio PER of

each Station. A Station does not track the Radio PER of another visible Station unless it is running the Continuous Receive test. Refer to section 5.2.2, Running the Continuous Receive (Rx)

Test, on page 38. A Station does track the Radio PER of both

direct and broadcast communication with the Master.

The information received from Radio PER during the Continuous Transmit test will be similar to the following output.The following output is from a Station (unit ID 2) communicating with the Master (unit ID 1) that is running the Continuous Transmit test.

station> radio per continuous

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1UP 2 0 0 broadcast 5 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1UP 2 0 0 broadcast 820 56 6

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1UP 2 0 0 broadcast 1679 91 5

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1UP 2 0 0 broadcast 2545 126 4

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1UP 2 0 0 broadcast 3411 149 4

station>

5.2.2 Running the Continuous Receive (Rx) Test

The purpose of this test is to help you deploy an additional Station in an existing network without interrupting traffic to the currently active Stations in the network. The test is run from the new Station to “sniff” packets destined to every other Station (originated by the Master) in the system. The test is run simultaneously with Radio PER which displays the number of packets received and missed for each Station that is sniffed. This test can also be used at existing Stations to analyze throughput in a running system.

APCD–NC006–A 38

5 TestingandDeployment

1. Ensure that the new Station NCL1170 has been configured and tested.

2. Deploy the Station and connect the antenna.

WARNING!

3. Connect a terminal at the Station NCL1170 using a serial cable and log into the device.

4. At the Station NCL1170, type <radio rxTest start> to begin “sniffing” the transmissions and automatically start the Radio PER display. “Continuous Rx test started” is displayed when the test is started.

NOTE: If you stop the Radio PER display (press any key), you can

restartthe display by typing <radio per continuous>.Refer to section 6.2, Radio Packet Error Rate (PER),onpage44for more information.

5. Using the information from Radio PER, align the antenna at the NCL1170 Station so that the number of packets missed is at a minimum rate.

6. When done with the antenna alignment, press any key to stop the Radio PER display, then type <radio rxTest stop> to stop the test.

The information received from Radio PER during the Continuous Receive test will be similar to the following output. The following output is from a Station (unit ID 2) communicating with the Master (unit ID 1) that is also transmitting to another Station (unit ID 3).

station> radio rxtest start

Continuous Rx test started

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1UP 1 0 0 broadcast 509 0 0 3UP 1 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1UP 1 0 0 broadcast 510 0 0 3UP 1 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1UP 1 0 0 broadcast 512 0 0 3UP 1 0 0

APCD–NC006–A 39

5 TestingandDeployment

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1UP 1 0 0 broadcast 515 0 0 3UP 1 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1UP 1 0 0 broadcast 518 0 0 3UP 1 0 0

[Radio Rx Test On] station> radio rxtest stop station>

APCD–NC006–A 40

5 TestingandDeployment

5.2.3 Performing the Transmit/Receive Loopback Test

This test should only be used when setting up a new network. The purpose of this test is to ensure that the Master NCL1170 can “see” the Station. It also determines the quality of the links between Master and Station. The test originates at the Master NCL1170, repeatedly sending test packets to the Stations. A Station recognizes these as test packets from the Master and echoes them back to the Master. When the Master receives the replies from the Station, it updates its Radio PER for that Station. One Master NCL1170 can have up to ten Stations simultaneously echoing test packets back to it.

You will need one NCL1170 configured as a Master and at least one NCL1170 Station.

CAUTION: Do NOT run this test in a working network. Doing so will cause every device in the network to slow down.

1. Ensure that the Master NCL1170 and Station NCL1170s have been configured and tested.

2. Deploy the Master and at least one Station connecting the antennas for each device as required.

WARNING!

3. Connect a terminal to the Master NCL1170 using a serial cable and log into the device.

4. At the Master NCL1170 console terminal, type <radio txrx start> to begin the Transmit/Receive Loopback test and automatically start the Radio PER display. “Tx/ Rx test started” is displayed when the test is started. Refer to section 6.2, Radio

Packet Error Rate (PER), on page 44 for more information.

5. Using the information from Radio PER, determine the quality of the link between the Master and Stations.

6. When done, press any key to stop Radio PER, then stop the Transmit/Receive Loopback Test by typing <radio txrx stop>.

APCD–NC006–A 41

5 TestingandDeployment

The information received from Radio PER during the Transmit/Receive Loopback test will be similarto the followingoutput. The followingoutput is froma Master (unit ID 1) communicating with two Stations (unit IDs 2 and 3).

master> radio txrx start

Tx/Rx test started

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------2UP 9 0 0 3UP 5 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------2 UP 827 53 6 3 UP 820 56 6

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------2 UP 1689 85 4 3 UP 1679 91 5

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------2 UP 2566 109 4 3 UP 2545 126 4

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------2 UP 3423 141 3 3 UP 3411 149 4

[Radio TxRx Test On] master> radio txrx stop master>

APCD–NC006–A 42

6 System Reporting and

Diagnostics

After an NCL1170 has been configured, tested, and deployed, you can generate on demand reports about its performance in key system areas:

• Receive Signal Strength Indication (RSSI)

• Radio Packet Error Rate (PER)

• Interface Statistics

6.1 Radio Receive Signal Strength Indication (RSSI)

Radio RSSI calculates the average and peak receive signal strength values based on factory set threshold (floor) value. This value can be reconfigured by the user.

To display the current Radio RSSI for an NCL1170 during normal operation, type <radio rssi>. Press any key to stop.

At a Master or Station NCL1170, you will receive output similar to the following example:

RSSI THRESHOLD=0 RSSI;PEAK radio rssi=24;25 radio rssi=24;25 radio rssi=24;25 radio rssi=24;25 radio rssi=24;25 radio rssi=24;25 radio rssi=24;25 radio rssi=24;25 radio rssi=24;25 radio rssi=24;25 radio rssi=24;26 radio rssi=24;25 radio rssi=24;25

Press any key to stop.

APCD–NC006–A 43

6 System Reporting and Diagnostics

6.2 Radio Packet Error Rate (PER)

Radio PER can be displayed at any time, including during tests. See Chapter 5.2, Optimizing

Signal Strength, on page 37 for other tests that use Radio PER statistics.

To display the current Radio PER for an NCL1170 during normal operation, type <radio per> or <radio per single>.

Table 1 defines how to interpret the Radio PER output.

At a Master NCL1170, you will receive output similar to the following. The following example was taken at a Master NCL1170 communicating with two Stations (unit IDs 2 and 3).

master> radio per single

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------2UP 2 0 0 3UP 2 0 0

master>

44 APCD–NC006–A

6 SystemReporting and Diagnostics

At a Station NCL1170, you will receive output similar to the following. The following example was taken at a Station (unit ID 2) communicating with a Master (unit ID 1).

station> radio per single

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1UP 1 0 0 broadcast 72 0 0

station>

To display the radio PER once every second during normal operation, type <radio per continuous>.

To clear the Radio PER statistics, type <radio per reset>. To stop the Radio PER display, press any key.

At a Master NCL1170, you will receive output similar to the following. The following example was taken at a Master (unit ID 1) communicating with two Stations (unit IDs 2 and 3).

master> radio per continuous

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------2UP 2 0 0 3UP 2 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------2UP10200 3UP 42 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------2UP11210 3UP 4 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------2UP14020 3UP 85 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------2UP17120 3UP10100

master>

APCD–NC006–A 45

6 System Reporting and Diagnostics

At a Station NCL1170, you will receive output similar to the following. The following example was taken at a Station (unit ID 2) communicating with a Master (unit ID 1).

station> radio per continuous

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1UP 1 0 0 broadcast 236 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1UP 1 0 0 broadcast 237 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1UP 1 0 0 broadcast 239 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1UP 1 0 0 broadcast 240 0 0

Unit Id Link Status Total # Received Total # Missed PER (%)

--------- ----------- ---------------- -------------- ------1UP 1 0 0 broadcast 241 0 0

station>

T able 1 Radio Packet Error Rate Assessment

Radio PER Ratio Transmission Quality

less than 1% excellent

1% to 4% good 5% to 7% marginal

greater than 7% poor

TIP: Use Radio PER during testing and deployment testing to monitor transmission quality. Refer to Chapter

5.2, Optimizing Signal Strength,onpage37forother

tests that benefit from Radio PER statistics.

46 APCD–NC006–A

6.3 Interface Statistics

The interface statistics command displays the configuration information and statistics for the three interfaces associated with the NCL1170: radio, Ethernet and loopback.

The loopback interface is an interface on a logical network that returns all output packets as input packets. The address for this logical network is 127.0.0.0 and the address for the loopback interface is usually 127.0.0.1. This means that any packets sent to the IP address

127.0.0.1 will be turned around and queued as input packets to the same interface. The values of the input and output statistics for the loopback interface should both be the same.

To see the interface information for a NCL1170, type <interface statistics> at the NCL1170> prompt.

Table 2 provides definitions for the statistics labels.

For a Master NCL1170, information similar to the following example is displayed:

NCL1170> interface statistics Statistics For Loopback

------------------Flags UP LOOPBACK NOTRAILERS RUNNING MULTICAST MTU 32768 Hardware Address Administrative Status UP(1) Operational Status UP(1) Input Octets 3808 Input Unicast Packets 64 Input Non-Unicast Packets 0 Input Discards 0 Input Errors 0 Input Unknown Protocols 0 Output Octets 3808 Output Unicast Packets 64 Output Non-Unicast Packets 0 Output Discards 0 Output Errors 0 more... Statistics For Ethernet

------------------Flags UP BROADCAST NOTRAILERS RUNNING MULTICAST MTU 1500 Hardware Address 00:90:27:b1:aa:ad Administrative Status UP(1) Operational Status UP(1) Input Octets 31614896 Input Unicast Packets 20923 Input Non-Unicast Packets 0 Input Discards 9022 Input Errors 0 Input Unknown Protocols 0 Output Octets 3371158 Output Unicast Packets 2255 Output Non-Unicast Packets 0 Output Discards 2215 Output Errors 0 more... Statistics For Master Radio

--------------------------Flags UP POINT-TO-POINT NOTRAILERS RUNNING NOARP MULTIC

6 SystemReporting and Diagnostics

APCD–NC006–A 47

6 System Reporting and Diagnostics

AST MTU 1552 Hardware Address 00:90:27:b1:aa:ad Administrative Status UP(1) Operational Status UP(1)

Input Statistics

--------------------------Remote NonStation Input Unicast Unicast Unknown ID Octets Packets Packets Discards Errors Protocols

------- ------ ------- ------- -------- ------ --------101 967998 0 645 0 0 0 102 1218723 0 808 0 0 0 103 1251987 0 830 0 0 0 more...

Output Statistics

--------------------------Remote NonStation Output Unicast Unicast ID Octets Packets Packets Discards Errors

------- ------ ------- ------- -------- -----101 10419675 6943 1 45 0 102 10446473 6958 0 33 0 103 10402915 6929 0 43 0

For a Station NCL1170, information similar to the following example is displayed:

NCL1170> interface statistics Statistics For Loopback

------------------Flags UP LOOPBACK NOTRAILERS RUNNING MULTICAST MTU 32768 Hardware Address Administrative Status UP(1) Operational Status UP(1) Input Octets 2975 Input Unicast Packets 50 Input Non-Unicast Packets 0 Input Discards 0 Input Errors 0 Input Unknown Protocols 0 Output Octets 2975 Output Unicast Packets 50 Output Non-Unicast Packets 0 Output Discards 0 Output Errors 0 more... Statistics For Ethernet

------------------Flags UP BROADCAST NOTRAILERS RUNNING MULTICAST MTU 1500 Hardware Address 00:90:27:b1:ad:01 Administrative Status UP(1) Operational Status UP(1) Input Octets 7479220 Input Unicast Packets 4941 Input Non-Unicast Packets 0 Input Discards 0 Input Errors 0 Input Unknown Protocols 0

48 APCD–NC006–A

6 SystemReporting and Diagnostics

Output Octets 25364516 Output Unicast Packets 16759 Output Non-Unicast Packets 0 Output Discards 76 Output Errors 0 more... Statistics For Radio

------------------Flags UP POINT-TO-POINT NOTRAILERS RUNNING NOARP MULTIC AST MTU 1552 Hardware Address 00:90:27:b1:ad:01 Administrative Status UP(1) Operational Status UP(1) Input Octets 25331759 Input Unicast Packets 16769 Input Non-Unicast Packets 5 Input Discards 0 Input Errors 0 Input Unknown Protocols 0 Output Octets 7441747 Output Unicast Packets 4970 Output Non-Unicast Packets 0 Output Discards 0 Output Errors 0

Table2 InterfaceStatistics

Label Description

Flags Specifies the operational state and properties of the interface.

Possible flags are:

• BROADCAST: interface is for a broadcast network

• MULTICAST: interface supports multicasting

• POINT-TO-POINT: interface is for a point-to-point network

• LOOPBACK: interface is for a loopback network

• RUNNING: resources are allocated for this interface

• SIMPLEX: interface cannot receive its own transmissions

• ALLMULTI: interface is receiving all multicast packets

• DEBUG: debugging is enabled for the interface

• NOARP: do not use ARP on this interface

• NOTRAILERS: avoid using trailer encapsulation

• PROMISCUOUS: interface receives all network packets

• TX: a transmission is in progress

• UP: interface is operating

MTU Maximum transmission unit or the size of the largest packet the

interface can handle. Hardware Address MAC address or Ethernet address of the interface. Administrative Status Desired state of the interface. The NCL1170 supports UP and

DOWN states. Operational Status Current operational state of the interface.

APCD–NC006–A 49

6 System Reporting and Diagnostics

Label Description

Input Octets Number of bytes that arrived on this interface since the last

Input Unicast Packets Number of unicast packets that arrived on this interface since the

interface reset or reboot.

last interface reset or reboot.

Input Non-Unicast Packets

Number of non-unicast packets that arrived on this interface since the last interface reset or reboot.

Input Discards Number of packets that arrived on this interface and were

discarded since the last interface reset or reboot.

Input Errors Number of packets that arrived on this interface with errors since

the last interface reset or reboot.

Output Octets Number of bytes that were sent from this interface since the last

interface reset or reboot.

Output Unicast Packets

Output Non-Unicast Packets

Number of unicast packets that were sent from this interface since the last interface reset or reboot.

Number of non-unicast packets that were sent from this interface since the last interface reset or reboot.

Output Discards Number of outbound packets that were dropped because of

implementation limits since the last interface reset or reboot.

Output Errors Number of outbound packets dropped because of errors since the

last interface reset or reboot.

6.3.1 IP Statistics

To see the IP protocol layer statistics for a NCL1170, at the NCL1170> prompt, type <ip statistics>.

Table 3 provides definitions for the statistics labels.

Information similar to the following example is displayed. The statistics for this command are from the time of the last reboot of the NCL1170.

NCL1170> ip statistics

IP STATISTICS

------------Total packets received 50 Bad checksum discards 0 Packet too short discards 0 Not enough data discards 0 Bad header length discards 0 Bad data length discards 0 Fragments received 0 Fragments dropped 0 Fragments timed out 0 Packets forwarded 0 Couldn't forward discards 0 Redirected forwards 0 Unknown protocol discards 25

50 APCD–NC006–A

6 SystemReporting and Diagnostics

No space discards 0 Packets reassembled 0 Fragments sent 0 No route discards 0

Table 3 IP Statistics

Label Descriptions

Total packets received Number of packets sent to the IP layer. Bad checksum discards Number of packets discarded due to a bad checksum. Packet too short discards Number of packets dropped due to an invalid data

length.

Not enough data discards Number of packets dropped because they did not

containenoughdatatobeanIPpacket.

Bad header length discards Number of packets discarded because of inconsistent

IP header and IP data lengths. Fragment received Number of packet fragments received. Fragments dropped Number of fragments dropped due to lack of space or

duplicates. Fragments timed out Number of fragments that were timed-out. Packets forwarded Number of packets forwarded at the IP layer. Couldn’t forward discards Number of packets received for unreachable

destinations. Redirectedforwards Number of redirect messages that were sent. Unknown protocol discards Number of packets of unknown or unsupported protocol

received and discarded. No space discards Number of packets dropped because of resource

shortages. Packets reassembled Number of packets that needed to be reassembled. Fragments sent Number of fragments successfully sent. No route discards Number of packets discarded because there was no

route to the destination given.

APCD–NC006–A 51

6 System Reporting and Diagnostics

6.3.2 Radio Statistics

To see radio statistics for the NCL1170, at the NCL1170> prompt, type <radio statistics>. The statistics displayed are since the last reboot of the NCL1170.

Table 4 provides definitions for the statistics labels.

Information similar to the following example is displayed:

NCL1170> radio statistics

RADIO STATISTICS:

------------------------------------------------------------------------Transmitted : 1455 Tx Underflows : 0 Tx Overflows : 0 TX_RDY Error : 0 Rx Packets : 120106 Rx Underflows : 0 Rx Overflows : 0 MD_RDY Error : 0 Rx Data CRC Error : 1 ALF Header Chksum Error : 0 Rx MAC Header CRC Error : 0 Rx Invalid Data Length : 0 Broadcast Discards : 0 Rx Length Mismatch : 0 Tx Length Mismatch : 0 Missed Complete : 0 Missed Header : 0

Table 4 Radio Statistics

Label Description

Transmitted Number of packets sent. Tx Blocks delayed Number of transmitted blocks delayed. Rx Packets Number of packets received. Rx Data CRC Error Number of received data CRC errors that occurred. ALF Header Chksum Error Number of packets received with an invalid Air Link

Frame (ALF) header.

Rx MAC Header CRC Error Numberof t imes packets were discarded because

headers were invalid. Rx MAC Header CRC Fixed Number of times the MAC header CRC was fixed. RX Invalid Data Length Number of packets received with an invalid length (that

is, greater than the maximum size). NIC Failure Number of network interface card failures. Broadcast Discards Number of broadcast packets that the NCL1170

received and discarded. Transmit Timeouts Number of transmit timeouts due to the radio channel

being too busy or due to interference.

52 APCD–NC006–A

7 Troubleshooting

Use this section to identify and correct common problems associated with NCL1170 operation. To verify that the connection has been re-established, test the connection using a ping test

described in Performing a Ping Test,onpage35. To verify the routing, follow the procedures in Verifying NCL1170 Routing, on page 55.

Table 5 Common Problems and Solutions

Symptom Possible Cause Solution

Power LED on back panel of NCL1170 is off

Cannot communicate with NCL1170 from the Ethernet side and the Ethernet lightis off

Cannot communicate with NCL1170 from the Ethernet side and the Ethernet lightis on

NCL1170 is not receiving power. • Ensure that the device is plugged into a 110 -

230 V AC outlet and that there is power at the outlet.

• Check all cables for loose or faulty connections. Replace cables if necessary.

NCL1170 is not receiving power. • Ensure that the device is plugged into a 110 -

Ethernet cable is faulty or t he wrong type (crossover vs. straight-through).

NCL1170 configuration is incorrect. Connect a computer to the RS-232 port and log

230 V AC outlet and that there is power at the outlet.

• Check all cables for loose or faulty connections. Replace cables if necessary.

• Replace Ethernet cable.

into t he NCL1170.

• VerifyEthernet IP address.

• Verifybridging or routing.

• VerifyRouting Table, if applicable. See

Verifying NCL1170 Routing, on page 55.

APCD–NC006–A 53

7 Troubleshooting

Symptom Possible Cause Solution

Mastercannotcom municate with any Stations

Mastercannotcom municate with an individual Station

Master NCL1170is disabled. Connect a computer to the RS-232 port and log

Master NCL1170configuration is incorrect. Connect a computer to the RS-232 port and log

Master NCL1170antenna system has a problem.

Station is not receiving power. • Ensure that the device is plugged into a 110 -

Station NCL1170 antenna system has a problem.

Antenna line-of-sight (LOS) to master has been obstructed.

Station configuration is incorrect. Connect a computer to the RS-232 port and log

Station is disabled. Connect a computer to the RS-232 port and log

Station has not been added to the Mas ter NCL1170Remote Station List.

into t he NCL1170.

• Ensure that the radio transmission is enabled.

• Check R SSI.

into t he NCL1170.

• Verifyradio channel.

• VerifyMaster unit ID.

• VerifyStation IDs have been added to Remote Station List.

• Verifythat the Master has all Stations enabled.

• Verifyrouting or bridging.

• VerifyRouting Table, if applicable. See

Verifying NCL1170 Routing, on page 55.

• Check R SSI.

• VerifyRF connections.

• Check RF cable for damage.

• Check antenna for damage.

230 VAC o utlet and that there is power at the outlet.

• Check all cables for loose or faulty connections. Replace cables if necessary.

• Check R SSI.

• VerifyRF connections.

• Check RF cable for damage.

• Check antenna for damage.

• Check for any deviation from set direction.

• Check R SSI.

• Ensure that a clear LOS st ill exists to the Master NCL1170antenna.

into t he NCL1170.

• Verifyradio channel.

• VerifyStation unit ID.

• VerifyMaster unit ID.

• Verifyrouting or bridging.

• VerifyRouting Table, if applicable. See

Verifying NCL1170 Routing, on page 55.

into t he Master NCL1170 for the group.

• Verifythat the Station has been enabled from the Master.

• Check R SSI.

Connect a computer to the RS-232 port and log into t he Master NCL1170 for the group.

• Verifythe Station has been added to the Remote Station List.

• Verifythe Routing Table, if applicable. See

Verifying NCL1170 Routing, on page 55.

54 APCD–NC006–A

7.1 Verifying NCL1170 Routing

To verify the routing is correct, you will need to verify both the Master and Station Routing Tables. If the Routing Tables are incorrect, configure the devices with the corrected values.

7.1.1 Verify the NCL1170 Routing Table

Use the Configuration Data Record for the NCL1170 to verify the information is configured correctly in the device.

1. Connect to the NCL1170 using a crossover serial cable.

2. Log in to the NCL1170. You will be prompted for the NCL1170password when you log in.

3. Type <mode> to verify bridging or routing is set correctly for the NCL1170 group.

4. At the NCL1170> prompt, type <ip>. The configuration information is displayed.

5. Verify the NCL1170 Ethernet IP address and subnet mask are configured correctly.

7 Troubleshooting

6. Verify the radio IP address is correct, if applicable.

7. Verify the Routing Table is correct according to your routing plan.

8. If the forwarding mode is routing, at a Station NCL1170, ensure that the default static route is set. At a Master NCL1170, ensure the Ethernet subnet for each Station is set.

APCD–NC006–A 55

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Appendix A NCL1170 Command-Line

Syntax

The NCL1170 can be configured using the commands listed in Table 8.

Table 6 shows the typographical conventions used to represent command-line syntax. Press

ENTER after typing a command to execute the command.

Table 7 provides a list of shortcuts and methods to get help on commands.

Table 6 NCL1170 Command-Line Syntax Conventions

Convention Use Examples

<monospaced

font>

ENTER Indicates a keyboard key press. A plus sign (+)

italic Specifies a variable name or other information

bold characters Indicates the shortcut characters for a

[] Indicates optional items. Do not type the

| Separates two mutually exclusive choices in a

() Encloses arange of valuesfrom which youcan

Indicates that you must type the text inside the angle brackets,not the angle brackets.

indicates key combinations. For example, for CTRL+U, press and hold down the CTRL key, then press the U key.

that you must replace with a real name or value.

command.

brackets as part of the command.

command. Type one choice and do not type the vertical bar.

choose a value.

ENTER ESC CTRL+U

ip address ethernet

ipaddress

<radio channel> can also be typed as <ra ch>

ip address [ethernet|radio]

interface|if

radio channel (1-15)

APCD–NC006–A 57

Table 7 Command-Line Shortcuts and Getting Help

Type To do this...

? display the names of the root commands. [command_name]? display the syntax for a command. help display all the commands, their subcommands and the

parameters and options for each command.

help [command_name] display the parameters and options for the command. !! repeat the last command that was executed.

ESC cancel the command you are typing.

Subnet Masks

Where a command requires you to enter a subnet mask, you can do one of the following:

• Enter it as a range, which is the number of bits (0-32 are valid) in the subnet mask.

• Do not enter it, and let the NCL1170 decide what value to use. Note that the NCL1170 does not necessarily pick the correct subnet mask.

Table 8 NCL1170 Command-line Syntax Descriptions

Command Syntax Description

arp Displays the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)

configurationinformation.

arp flush Removes the temporary ARP table entries from the

ARP table.

arp add aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff

arp del aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd Deletes a specified entry from the ARP table.

bridge statistics Displays the bridge statistics (frames in, frames out,

bridge table Displays the bridge table entries. Only availablein

bridge table flush Removesthe learned entries from thebridge table. O nly

Adds an entry to the ARP table. aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address of the entry that you want to add. aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff isthe MAC address associated with the IP address.

aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address of the entry that you want to delete.

etc.). Only available in bridging mode.

bridging mode.

available in bridging mode.

58 APCD–NC006–A

Command Syntax Description

bridge table timeout Sets the time-out value for entries in the bridge table. If

the NCL1170 receives no packet from the specified entry's address during the time-out period you set (for example, 15 s), then it clears the address from the table. Valid times are 10 to 1 000 000 s; the default is 300 s. Only available in bridging mode.

dhcp mode [none|relay] Sets the NCL1170 to use Dynamic Host Configuration

Protocol (DHCP).

• none - disables DHCP Relay.

• relay - enables DHCP Relay.

Available only if the mode is set to routing.

dhcp relay [add|delete

ip_address]

Adds or removes the IP address of a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server. Available only if the mode is set to routing and DHCP mode is set to Relay.

interface|if statistics Displaysconfiguration information and statistics for all

interfaces.

interface|if statistics ethernet|radio|loopback

Displays configurationinformation and statisticsfor each interface: Ethernet, radio, or loopback.

interface|if reset Resets the statistics for all interfaces.

interface|if reset

Resets the statistics for the specified interface.

ethernet|radio|loopback

ip Displays the IP configuration information. ip address Displays the IP addresses for the Ethernet and radio

interface. In bridging mode, the IP address is for management purposes only. An IP address is not required to perform bridge functions. When in Bridging mode, if you assign an IP address to the NCL1170, you only need to assignit to the Ethernet interface,because the radio and Ethernet are considered as one interface. In routing mode, you must configure both addresses.

ip address ethernet

aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd [subnet mask]

Changes the IP address for the Ethernet interface for routing or bridging. aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address for the Ethernet interface and [subnet mask] is specified in either dotted decimal format or number of bits.

APCD–NC006–A 59

Command Syntax Description

ip address radio remote_unit_id aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd eee.fff.ggg.hhh

Changesthe radiointerface IP route and binds the radio channel between the remote NCL1170 and the local NCL1170using the IP addresses. Thiscommand is only available in routing mode.

For an NCL1170 configured as a Station, remote_unit_id istheunitIDoftheremotemaster; aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the radio IP address for the local station NCL1170; and eee.fff.ggg.hhh is the radio IP address for the remote master NCL1170.

Foran NCL1170 configuredas a Master,remote_unit_id is the unit ID of the remote station NCL1170; aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the radio IP address for the local master NCL1170; and eee.fff.ggg.hhh is the radio IP address for the remote s tation NCL1170. Repeat this command for each station in the Remote Station List.

ip dns Displays the DNS configuration information. ip dns server Displaysthelistofdomainnameservers.

ip dns server add|del

aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd

Adds or deletes a server from the DNS table. aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd is the IP address for the DNS server that you want to add or delete.

ip dns domain Displays the DNS domain name. ip dns domain DNS_domain_name Changes the DNS domain name. DNS_domain_name

can be a maximum of 256 ASCII characters.

ip ping destination Sends ICMP echo requests to a remote host that is

used to see i f you can reach a remote IP address or for network debugging.destination is the radio IP address for the remote host that you want to reach.

ip rip Displays the Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

configuration.Available only if routing mode is set to RIP.

ip rip broadcast|multicast Specifies how the RIP handles packets.Available only if

the routing mode is set to RIP, and the RIP version is 2.

• broadcast sends RIP version 2 advertisements as broadcast.

• multicast sends version 2 advertisements to RIP version 2 multicast addresses. Multicast is generally more efficient than broadcast.

ip rip disable|enable Disables or enables the RIP ip rip expire Displays the length of time an NCL1170 waits before

deleting a RIP route.

ip rip expire (XX) Assigns a duration (in seconds) that an NCL1170 waits

withoutreceiving any RIP updates before it will consider that route invalid, and delete it.

60 APCD–NC006–A

Command Syntax Description

ip rip interval Displays the length of time (in seconds) that an

NCL1170 waits before transmitting updated RIP information.

ip rip interval (XX) Assigns a duration (in seconds) that an NCL1170 waits

before transmitting updated RIP information.

ip rip nodefault|default Disables or enables RIP to advertise the default route.

Availableonly if routing mode is set to RIP. default - if a default route exists, it is sent in the advertisement. nodefault - the default route is not sent, whether or not it exists.

ip rip noupdate|update Disables or enables RIP advertisement of static routes.

update - sends static route information in a RIP

advertisement, as well as all other RIP information. noupdate - sends everything except the static route information. Available only if routing mode is set to RIP.

ip rip quiet|active Disables or enables RIP advertisement of static routes.

Availableonly if routing mode is set to RIP. active - transmits route information, in packets, to the interfaces. quiet - disables RIP packets from being sent.

ip rip version 1|2 ip rip version displays the current version.

Switches 1 or 2, display/change RIP to the respective version. Available only if routing mode is set to RIP. Note that version 1 is broadcast only; version 2 can be multicast, broadcast, or compatible (both).

ip route Displays the routing table information. Local interface

routes are always present as long as an address for the interface exists.

ip route add|del

Network(aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd) Gateway(eee.fff.ggg.hhh) Mask(0-32)

Adds or deletes a static route. Network(aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd) is the IP address of the destination network; Gateway(eee.fff.ggg.hhh) is the IP address for the gateway; and Mask(0-32) is specified in either dotted decimal format or number of bits.

ip route flush Removes all dynamic entries from the routing table.

Dynamic entries are those routes that the system has learned.

ip route erase Removes all static and dynamic entries, except

interface routes, from the routing table.

ip statistics Displays the IP statistics information. ip telnet host(aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd) Establishes a Telnetsession with a remote host to

access and control a remote computer. host(aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd) is the IP address of the remote host.

APCD–NC006–A 61

Command Syntax Description

ip traceroute

destination(aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd)

Displays the route that the packets take to a remote destination. destination(aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd) is the IP address of the remote destination. The maximum is 30 hops.An asterisk (*) represents each unsuccessful try. For example, 1 * * *. Press any key to stop the ip traceroute output.

mode Displays the forwarding mode: Bridging or IP Routing. mode bridging|routing Changes the forwarding mode.

bridging: connectstwo networks on the same subnet (they have the same subnet address). routing: connects two networks on different subnets.

radio Displays the radio configuration information. radio channel Displays the radio channel. radio channel (1–14) Changes the radio channel. radio disable|enable Disables or enables the NCL1170 radio transmission

capabilities. The NCL1170 is factory-configured as disabled to prevent accidental damage should it be powered up without an antenna or load connected.

radio masterID Displays the Master Unit ID to which the NCL1170

belongs. Available only if the NCL1170 radio type is Station.

radio masterID (1–16383) Changes the Master Unit ID to which the NCL1170

belongs. Available only if the NCL1170 radio type is Station.

radio per [single|continuous|reset]

Displaysor resetsthe cumulativeradio packet errorrate statistics to the screen. This command is available during tests and normal operation.

• single displays the current statistics.

• continuous displays the statistics every one

second.

• reset resets the calculations.

radio reset Forces the NCL1170 radio to reset. If you reset the

NCL1170 radio instead of shutting down, the statistics will not be lost.

radio rssi When serially connected to the NCL1170, displays

changes in the average and peak receive signal strength every half second.

radio rssi threshold Changes the threshold (floor) value used to calculate

the average receive signal strength.

radio rxtest start|stop Starts and stops the Radio Continuous Receive Test.

When you start this test, the Radio PER display is also automatically started. Available only at the Station NCL1170. Use this test to deploy a new Station NCL1170 in an existing network.

62 APCD–NC006–A

Command Syntax Description

radio setting Displays the current Media Access Control (MAC)

settings for the NCL1170 radio:

•IFS

• slot time

• backoff range

• backoff mode.

radio setting default Changes the default MAC settings for the NCL1170

radio.

radio station Displays the list of unit IDs to which the master unit can

talk. Available only if the NCL1170 radio type is Master.

radio station add (1–16383) Adds a remote Unit ID to the list of stations to which a

MasterUnit can talk.Availableonlyif theNCL1170 radio type is Master.

radio station del (1–16383) Removes a remote Unit ID from the list of stations to

which a Master Unit can talk. Available only if the NCL1170 radio type is Master.

radio station disable|enable

unitID

radio statistics | stats Displays the current radio statistics. radio statistics | stats reset Resets all radio counters to zero. radio txtest start|stop Starts and stops the Radio ContinuousTransmit Test.

radio txrx start|stop Starts and stops the Radio Transmit/Receive Loopback

radio type Displays the NCL1170 radio type. radio type master|station Changes the radio type. Use this to configure an

radio unitid Displays the NCL1170 unit ID. radio unitid (1–16383) Changes the NCL1170 unit ID. An NCL1170 unit ID is a

Disables or enables the transmission capabilities of the remote station. unitID istheunitIDoftheremotestation that you want to disable. Available only if the NCL1170 radio type is Master.

Available only at the Master NCL1170. Use this test to set up a Master and Station for a new network.

Te st. When you start this test, the Radio PER display is also automaticallystarted. Available only at the Master NCL1170. Use this test for a new installation only.

NCL1170 as a master unit. All NCL1170 units are factory-configuredas ‘station’.

unique number between 1 and 16383.

snmp Displays the SNMP configuration information. SNMP is

useful for monitoring network performance and debugging.

snmp community Displaysthe SNMP community table. ThedefaultSNMP

communities are: public read and private write.

APCD–NC006–A 63

Command Syntax Description

snmp community add|del community read|write

Adds a community name to or deletes one from the SNMP community table. A community name can be a maximum of 32 ASCII characters.

• read: enables the community to view the

variables in SNMP.

• write: enables the community to change and

view the variables. To change SNMP variables, you must have a write community. To view SNMP variables, you must have a write or read community.

snmp contact Displays the SNMP system contact (that is, the person

or company).

snmp contact contact Changes the SNMP system contact and telephone

number. contact canbeamaximumof256ASCII charactersthat you can use to define the contactperson or address for the NCL1170.

snmp location Displays the SNMP geographicallocation of the system. snmp location location Changes the SNMP geographical location of the

system. location canbeamaximumof256ASCII characters that you can use to define the physical location of the NCL1170.

snmp trap Displays the list of SNMP trap servers defined for the

NCL11 70.

snmp trap add|del

server(aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd) community

Adds a trap to or deletes one from the SNMP trap server table. server(aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd) is the IP address for the trap server. community isthenameof thecommunityonthetrapserverandcanbea maximum or 16 ASCII characters.

system Displays the system configuration information. system memory Displays the memory statistics, such as memory

allocation information.

system name Displays the system name. system name name Changes the system name. name canbeamaximum

of 64 ASCII characters that you can use to name the NCL1170 in your system. The system name is used for the command-line prompt for the NCL1170.

system network Displays the network system statistics from the network

buffer memory pools.

system network ethernet|radio|data|system

Displays network buffer pool-allocation information for each parameter:

system password Changes the password for the NCL1170. system protocol Displays information about the configuration of

protocols bound to the interface.

64 APCD–NC006–A

Command Syntax Description

system protocol interface Displays the protocol configuration for the specific

interface that you name. interface is either Ethernet or Radio.

system uptime Displays how long the system has been running. If the

uptime is more than 24 hours, the time appears as n days, hh:mm:ss where n is the number of days and hh:mm:ss is the hours:minutes:seconds.

system version Displays the build date and time, and lists all software

libraries and their version numbers.

test radio Performs self tests and displays the results for all the

radio device. If you use thiscommand, the linkservice is disrupted for the duration of the test.

reboot|restart|reload|reset Resets the NCL1170. write|save Saves the current configuration. If you want to save the

new configuration,you must write (save) any configuration changes before you reboot the NCL1170; otherwise, the NCL1170reverts to the previously saved configuration.

write default|erase Removes all configuration changes, even if you saved

them, and resets the NCL1170 to the factory default configuration.

help [command] Displays a list of all commands. If you type a command

name after help, the syntax for that command is displayed. For example, type help ip to display all IP commands and the syntax for each.

exit|quit|bye Closes the console session.

APCD–NC006–A 65

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Appendix B Abbreviations and

Terminology

Table 9 Acronyms and Abbreviations

Acronym or

Abbreviation

AC Alternating Current ALF Air Link Frame ARQ Automatic Retry reQuest ARP Address Resolution Protocol ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange dB decibel dBi decibel,with respect to an isotropicantenna CLI Command Line Interface CPU Central Processing Unit CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check CSA Canadian Standards Association CSMA Carrier Sense Multiple Access CSMA/CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance CSMA/CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detect CTS Clear To Send

Definition

DCE Data Communication Equipment DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DNS Domain Name Service DPRAM Dual Port Random-Access Memory DRAM Dynamic Random-Access Memory DSR Data Set Ready

APCD–NC006–A 67

Acronym or

Abbreviation

Definition

DSSS Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum DTE Data Terminal Equipment ESN Electronic Serial Number FCC Federal Communications Commission (U.S.A.) FTP File Transfer Protocol GHz Gigahertz IBL Inter Building Link IC Industry Canada ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol ID Identifier, Identification IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IF Intermediate Frequency IP Internet Protocol ISM Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (unlicensed radio band) LAN Local Area Network LED Light-Emitting Diode LLC Link Layer Control MAC Media Access Control, Medium Access Controller Mbps Megabits per second MHz Megahertz MIB Management Information Base MTU Maximum Transmission Unit NCL Network Communication Link, as in NCL1170, a WaveRider product NIC Network Interface Card OSPF Open Shortest Path First PC Personal Computer PCI Personal Component Interconnectbus PER Packet Error Rate PHY Physical Layer PTMP Point-to-Point PTP Point-to-Multipoint RADIUS Remote Access Dial In User Server RF Radio Frequency RFC Request For Comments

68 APCD–NC006–A

Acronym or

Abbreviation

Definition

RIP Routing Information Protocol RMA Returned Merchandise Authorization RSSI Receive Signal Strength Indicator RTS Request To Send Rx Receive SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol TCP Transmission Control Protocol TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol Tx Transmit URL Uniform Resource Locator VVolt WMM WaveRider MAC Module WRM WaveRider Radio Module

APCD–NC006–A 69

Table 10 NCL1170 Network Terminology

Term Definition

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)

The layer below the IP layer; maps the IP and MAC addresses together.

Bridge A device that connects and passes packets between two

network segments. A bridge operates at the MAC layer. A bridge filters or forwards an incoming frame based on the MAC address of the frame.

A learning bridge listens to traffic on its interfaces and maintains a table of addresses. See also Router.

Channel Generally, the medium through which information is

communicated. In wireless communications, the channel is usually defined by the center frequency, modulation type, and occupied bandwidth.

Command Line Interface (CLI)

In contrast to a graphical user interface, a CLI is a configuration and control interface based on keyboard-entry commands and responses.

Console Port Typically,the 9-pin RS 232 serial port on an NCL1170 to which

a terminal or laptop computer is connected to configureor control the device.

Domain Name Server (DNS)

A database system that translates IP addresses into domain names. For example, 207.23.187.242 is converted into waverider.com.

Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)

A form of spread-spectrum communications that uses a highspeed code sequence, along with the information being sent, to modulate the RF carrier.

Master The NCL1 170defined as a master provides the access control

for all NCL1170 stations in the same radio network. The master configuration determines the channel that the NCL1170 stations use. There must be only one master using the same channel in the radio network. You must configure a master within the coverage area of another master to use a different channel.

Master ID Improves security on the wireless network. NCL1170s must

have the same master ID in order to communicate with each other.

Master vs. Station Decide which NCL1170 is the master. In the point-to-point

configurations, it does not matter which NCL1170 is master, just remember that the master provides the access control to the station. In the case of point-to-multipoint, the master must have a line of sight to each station, but each station may not have a radio communication path to other stations.

70 APCD–NC006–A

Term Definition

Media Access Control (MAC) address

The 6-byte low-level hardware or physical address of an Ethernet device.

Radio Channel A 22 MHz wide RF channel with a center frequency specified

in Appendix C. In any given network, all NCL1170s must operate on the same radio channel to communicate.

Radio Type This parameter specifies the role of the NCL1170 in the radio

network. Each NCL1170 is classified as either a master or a station.

Receive Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)

Displays the average and peak radio receive signal strength of the NCL1170, based on a factory calibrated threshold (floor) value, calculated every half second.

Router A device that connects and passes packets between two or

more network segments. A router filters or forwards an incoming packet based on the IP address of the packet. Routers use static routes which take precedence over routes chosen by all dynamic routing protocols. See also Bridge.

Routing Information Protocol

A routing protocol for IP networks based on the distancevector algorithm, where all or a portion of the routing table is sent to all other neighbouring devices along with each message.

Static Route A route that is explicitly configured and entered in the routing

table. Static routes take precedence over routes chosen by dynamic routing protocols.

Station An NCL1170 defined as a station synchronizes with an

NCL1170 master that has the same station and master ID setting.

System Name A name that allows a user to identify a particular NCL1170.

Once the Name is assigned, the system name appears as the prompt.

System Password A set of characters that prevents unauthorized access to

console commands. The same password applies when accessing the console from the RS-232 port, from the network using Telnet, or when connecting to the FTP server.

Unit ID In the case of a station, unit ID provides the wireless address

at the station. In the case of a Master, a list of unit IDs forms the access list of stations allowed to communicate with the Master. Any station not on the list will be disabled whenever the station attempts to access the Master.

APCD–NC006–A 71

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Appendix C Operating Channel

Frequencies

The following table defines the channel frequency set for each WaveRider regulatory domain.

FCC/IC

Channel

1 2412 MHz not available 2412 MHz not available not available 2 2417 MHz not available 2417 MHz not available not available 3 2422 MHz not available 2422 MHz not available not available 4 2427 MHz not available 2427 MHz not available not available 5 2432 MHz not available 2432 MHz not available not available 6 2437 MHz not available 2437 MHz not available not available 7 2442 MHz not available 2442 MHz not available not available 8 2447 MHz not available 2447 MHz not available not available 9 2452 MHz not available 2452 MHz not available not available 10 2457 MHz not available 2457 MHz 2457 MHz 2457 MHz 11 2462 MHz not available 2462 MHz 2462 MHz 2462 MHz 12 not available not available 2467 MHz 2467 MHz not available

Channel

Frequencies

(USA/

Canada)

MKK

Channel

Frequencies

(Japan)

ETSI

Channel

Frequencies

(Europe)

French

Channel

Frequencies

Spanish Channel

Frequencies

13 not available not available 2472 MHz 2472 MHz not available 14 not available 2484 MHz not available not available not available

APCD–NC006–A 73

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Appendix D NCL1170 Antenna

Recommendations

The NCL1170 has been certified for use with Omni, Patch, Yagi, and Dish antenna types. The table below includes examples of each of the recommended antenna types, as well as their associated maximum antenna system gain.

Table 11 NCL1170 Supported Antennas

Antenna Type Manufacturer Model Number

Omni Mobile Mark OD9-2400 9.0 dBi Patch Til-Tek TA-2408 10.6 dBi Yagi Astron 928-4 10.1 dBi Dish Til-Tek TA-811 10.4 dBi

NOTE: For a Dish antenna a cavity filter with a minimum rejection of 20

dB ± 22MHz from the channel center frequency is required.

Antenna system gain is the net gain of the system. In other words, it is the antenna gain minus the insertion loss due to cabling, filters, surge protectors, and other hardware components. During installation, you must verify that the antenna system does not exceed the maximum allowable antenna system gain for that specific antenna type.

Calculate the antenna system gain by adding the value of the insertion loss for each component of the antenna system, excluding the antenna, and subtracting the total of that sum from the antenna gain. You can measure the insertion loss of the components, and the antenna gain, at the frequency of interest, or obtain it by referencing the manufacturer’s supplied literature.

Maximum Antenna

System Gain

APCD-NC006-A 75

For example, with a Yagi antenna system, 10 m of cable, a surge protector, and a bandpass filter, you would calculate the following antenna system gain:

Antenna gain: 12.4 dBi Insertion loss:

- cable: 4dB

- surge protector: 0.2 dB

-filter: 1.1dB

The total insertion loss is 5.3 dB, which gives an antenna system gain of 12.4 dBi minus 5.3 dB, or 7.1 dBi. Since the system gain is lower than the maximum antenna system gain of 9.1 dBi, this antenna configuration is valid.

76 APCD-NC006-A

Appendix E NCL1170 Specifications

The followiing tables list the technical specifications for the NCL1170 (FCC/IC RF Regulatory Domains).

Table 12 Network Interface

Topology Point-to-Multipoint, Point-to-Point, or

Repeater Operational Modes Bridging or Routing Transmission Protocols Supported TCP/IP, Telnet, SNMP, FTP Routing Protocols Supported Standard: Static

Optional: RIP, DHCP Relay Simultaneous Stations per Master 20 Operational Master/Station groups in

designated coverage area Air Frame Format Standard: WaveRider proprietary

T able 13 Physical Interface

Ethernet RJ-45, 10/100Base Tx (no auto sense) Serial DB-9, serial DTE RS-232 RF Connector WaveRider proprietary

Table 14 Radio Performance

Minimum Channel Centre Frequency 2.412 GHz

APCD–NC006–A 77

3 (one channel per Master/Station group)

Maximum Channel Centre Frequency 2.462 GHz Channel Bandwidth 22 MHz Center Frequency Spacing Increment 5 MHz Minimum Separation Between Orthogonal

25 MHz

Channels Maximum Orthogonal Channels 3

Orthogonal Channel Set 1, 6, 11 Orthogonal Channel Set Centre

2.412 GHz, 2.437 GHz, 2.462 GHz

Frequencies

Modulation Scheme CCK (Complementary Code Keying)

DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread

Spectrum) Maximum Over-the-Air, Raw Data Rate 11 Mbps Maximum Throughput Point-to-Point 7.5 Mbps Maximum Throughput Point-to-Multipoint 6.6 Mbps Center Frequency Spacing Increment 5 MHz Nominal RF Out Put Power +25 dBm

Minimum Receive Sensitivity

-82 dBm

Maximum Operating Range 16 km (line of sight)

Table 15 Power Supply

AC Input 94 to 264 VAC, single phase AC Input Frequency 47 to 63 Hz Maximum Input Current 2.2 A

Table 16 Environmental Considerations

Operating Temperature 0° to +55° C Storage Temperature -20° to +70° C

78 APCD–NC006–A

Table 17 Regulatory

Standards Industry Canada RSS-210, RSS-102

Federal Communications Commission CFR47, Part 15B, Sections 15.205,

15.209, 15.247

APCD–NC006–A 79

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Appendix F Configuration Data

Record

Use the following form to record your NCL1170 information for each NCL1170 group.

APCD–NC006–A 81

Cable

SNMP

SNMP Trap Server

Communities

Address

Name

Community

R/W

Name

Community

Router

Bridgeor

Version

Software

panel)

Antenna (Yagi/

parabolic/omni/

Ethernet

Type Gain Type Loss

Address

Hardware

Location

only)

Radio

(Routing

Ethernet

Range

Backoff

Mode

Backoff

panel)

Address

Hardware

Type Gain Type Loss

Antenna (Yagi/

parabolic/omni/

Ethernet

Location

only)

Radio

(Routing

Ethernet

Range

Backoff

Mode

Backoff

NCL1170 Network Group Configuration Data Record

Subnet Mask

Radio

Channel

Slot

Radio Settings IP Address

Time

IFS

Radio Settings IP Address

Password

Serial

Number

Unit ID

Name

Master Information

System

Station I nformation

Password

Serial

Number

Unit ID

Name

System

Slot

Time

IFS

APCD–NC006–A 82

Telephone: +1 416–502–3161 Fax: +1 416–502–2968 Email: techsupport@waverider.com

URL: www.waverider.com

Vecima Networks WRM2000 Users Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual